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Formulas On MS Excel

The document discusses various basic formulas in Microsoft Excel including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, average, percentage, count, IF, MAX, MIN, median, mode, and dates. Formulas perform calculations on cell values while functions use predefined formulas with human-friendly names.

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Tooba shafiq
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46 views9 pages

Formulas On MS Excel

The document discusses various basic formulas in Microsoft Excel including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, average, percentage, count, IF, MAX, MIN, median, mode, and dates. Formulas perform calculations on cell values while functions use predefined formulas with human-friendly names.

Uploaded by

Tooba shafiq
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Formulas in MS Excel

Basic Terms in Excel


here are two basic ways to perform calculations in Excel: Formulas and
Functions

1. Formulas
In Excel, a formula is an expression that operates on values in a range
of cells or a cell. For example, =A1+A2+A3, which finds the sum of the
range of values from cell A1 to cell A3.

2.Functions
Functions are predefined formulas in Excel. They eliminate laborious
manual entry of formulas while giving them human-friendly names. For
example: =SUM(A1:A3). The function sums all the values from A1 to A3.

1. Addition:
Select the cell where we want to show the sum and apply formula

=sum (select all cells)

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2. Subtraction:
=select the 1st cell we want to subtract from – select the 2nd cell

3. Multiplication:
=select the 1st cell * select the 2nd cell

4. Division:
=Select the 1st cell / select the 2nd cell

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5.Average:
=average(select all cells)

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6.Percenatge:
=select the 1st cell/ select the 2nd cell

Note:
If you apply the above formula don’t forget
to select the % sign

Otherwise apply simple formula of percentage


= select the 1st cell/ select the 2nd cell *100

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7. Count:
The COUNT function will count the number of cells that contain
numbers. You can use this function to get the number of entries in a
number field that’s in a range or an array of numbers. The syntax of the
COUNT function is:

8.IF
The IF function ventures into the realm of logical functions. Logical functions
basically test whether a situation is true or false. The IF function takes it a step further
by performing one action if the situation is true, and another action if it is false.

The situation tested may be where one value or statement is equal to, greater than,
or less than another value or statement.

The syntax of the IF function is:

• Logical test is the statement to be tested.

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• Value_if_true is the value or expression Excel should return if the
cell passes the logical test.
• Value_if_false is the value or expression Excel should return if the
logical test fails.
• In the case of the IF function, if the value_if_true is omitted,
the value_if_false must be stated, and vice versa. But both cannot be omitted.

With IF, we can get Excel to perform a different calculation or display a different
value depending on the outcome of a logical test. The IF function asks you for the
logical test to perform, what action to take if the test is true, and an alternative action
if the result of the test is false.

Though both the second and third arguments are declared as optional, at least one
of those arguments must be provided.

The formula above tests whether the value in cell B2 is greater than or equal to 90. If
it is, Excel returns the text value “Outstanding” (note that text values are entered
between double quotes).

If the value is not greater than or equal to 90, the cell should remain blank (note the
empty double quotation marks). This formula is then copied to cells C3 to C8, where
C3 evaluates the value in B3, and so on.

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9.Max & Min:
The MAX and MIN functions help in finding the maximum number and
the minimum number in a range of values.

=MIN(number1, [number2], …)

Example:

=MIN(B2:C11) – Finds the minimum number between column B from B2


and column C from C2 to row 11 in both columns B and C.

=MAX(number1, [number2], …)

Example:

=MAX(B2:C11) – Similarly, it finds the maximum number between


column B from B2 and column C from C2 to row 11 in both columns B
and C.

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10 Median:
The median function returns the middle value of the given range of cells.
The syntax is quite simple:

MEDIAN(number1, [number2], …)

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11 .Mode:
Mode returns the most frequent and repeated value in the given range of
values:

MODE.SNGL(number1,[number2],…)

12.Date and days:


Type the date and days and simply drag the cells

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