STAT103 Sets Summary
STAT103 Sets Summary
1
For example, if A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {3, 4}, A ∪ B = {1, 2, 3, 4}.
Definition. The intersection of two sets A and B (in symbols: A ∩ B) is the set whose elements are
objects x so that x ∈ A and x ∈ B.
For example, if A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {3, 4}, A ∩ B = {3}.
Definition. The Set difference A − B is the set consisting of all elements of A which are not elements of
B.
For example, if A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {3, 4}, then A − B = {1, 2} and B − A = {4}.
Definition. The Cartesian product A × B is the set of pairs (a, b), where a ∈ A and b ∈ B.
For example, if A = {1, 2, 3}, B = {3, 4}, A × B = {(1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 3), (3, 4)}.
• The cardinality of R is called the cardinality of the continuum, and this is written |A| = ℶ1 ( ℶ1
is pronounced “beth one”).