Configuring OSPF

Finding Feature Information

Configuring OSPF

Last Updated: June 10, 2011

This module describes how to configure Open Shortest Path First (OSPF). OSPF is an Interior Gateway
Protocol (IGP) developed by the OSPF working group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
OSPF was designed expressly for IP networks and it supports IP subnetting and tagging of externally
derived routing information. OSPF also allows packet authentication and uses IP multicast when sending
and receiving packets.
Cisco supports RFC 1253, OSPF Version 2 Management Information Base, August 1991. The OSPF MIB
defines an IP routing protocol that provides management information related to OSPF and is supported by
Cisco routers.
• Finding Feature Information, page 1
• Information About OSPF, page 2
• How to Configure OSPF, page 9
• Configuration Examples for OSPF, page 22
• Additional References, page 41
• Feature Information for OSPF, page 43
• , page 44

Finding Feature Information

Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest feature
information and caveats, see the release notes for your platform and software release. To find information
about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is
supported, see the Feature Information Table at the end of this document.
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support.
To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

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 Cisco OSPF Implementation
Information About OSPF

Information About OSPF

• Cisco OSPF Implementation, page 2
• Configuration Limit on OSPF Links or Buffers, page 2
• Router Coordination for OSPF, page 2
• Route Distribution for OSPF, page 3

Cisco OSPF Implementation

The Cisco implementation conforms to the OSPF Version 2 specifications detailed in the Internet RFC
2328. The following list outlines key features supported in the Cisco OSPF implementation:
• Stub areas--Definition of stub areas is supported.
• Route redistribution--Routes learned via any IP routing protocol can be redistributed into any other IP
routing protocol. At the intradomain level, OSPF can import routes learned via Interior Gateway
Routing Protocol (IGRP), Routing Information Protocol (RIP), and Intermediate System-to-
Intermediate System (IS-IS). OSPF routes can also be exported into IGRP, RIP, and IS-IS. At the
interdomain level, OSPF can import routes learned via Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) and Border
Gateway Protocol (BGP). OSPF routes can be exported into BGP and EGP.
• Authentication--Plain text and message digest algorithm 5 (MD5) authentication among neighboring
routers within an area is supported.
• Routing interface parameters--Configurable parameters supported include interface output cost,
retransmission interval, interface transmit delay, router priority, router "dead" and hello intervals, and
authentication key.
• Virtual links--Virtual links are supported.
• Not-so-stubby area (NSSA)--RFC 3101. In Cisco IOS XE Release 3.3S and later releases, RFC 3101
replaces RFC 1587.
• OSPF over demand circuit--RFC 1793.

Configuration Limit on OSPF Links or Buffers

On systems with a large number of interfaces, OSPF can be configured such that the number of links
advertised in the router link-state advertisement (LSA) causes the link state update packet to exceed the
size of a "huge" Cisco IOS buffer. To solve this problem, reduce the number of OSPF links or increase the
huge buffer size by entering the buffers huge size size command.
A link state update packet containing a router LSA typically has a fixed overhead of 196 bytes, and an
additional 12 bytes are required for each link description. With a huge buffer size of 18024 bytes, there can
be a maximum of 1485 link descriptions.
Because the maximum size of an IP packet is 65,535 bytes, there is still an upper bound on the number of
links possible on a router.

Router Coordination for OSPF

OSPF typically requires coordination among many internal routers: Area Border Routers (ABRs), which
are routers connected to multiple areas, and Autonomous System Boundary Routers (ASBRs). At a
minimum, OSPF-based routers or access servers can be configured with all default parameter values, no
authentication, and interfaces assigned to areas. If you intend to customize your environment, you must
ensure coordinated configurations of all routers.

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Information About OSPF

Route Distribution for OSPF

You can specify route redistribution; see the task "Redistribute Routing Information" in the Network
Protocols Configuration Guide, Part 1 for information on how to configure route redistribution.
As with other routing protocols, enabling OSPF requires that you create an OSPF routing process, specify
the range of IP addresses to be associated with the routing process, and assign area IDs to be associated
with that range of IP addresses.
The Cisco OSPF implementation allows you to alter certain interface-specific OSPF parameters, as needed.
You are not required to alter any of these parameters, but some interface parameters must be consistent
across all routers in an attached network. Those parameters are controlled by the ip ospf hello-interval, ip
ospf dead-interval, and ip ospf authentication-key interface configuration commands. Therefore, be sure
that if you do configure any of these parameters, the configurations for all routers on your network have
compatible values.
You have the choice of configuring your OSPF network type as either broadcast or NBMA, regardless of
the default media type. Using this feature, you can configure broadcast networks as NBMA networks when,
for example, you have routers in your network that do not support multicast addressing. You also can
configure NBMA networks (such as Frame Relay and SMDS) as broadcast networks. This feature saves
you from needing to configure neighbors, as described in the section "Configuring OSPF for Nonbroadcast
Networks, page 12" later in this module.
Configuring NBMA networks as either broadcast or nonbroadcast assumes that there are virtual circuits
(VCs) from every router to every router or fully meshed network. This is not true for some cases, for
example, because of cost constraints, or when you have only a partially meshed network. In these cases,
you can configure the OSPF network type as a point-to-multipoint network. Routing between two routers
not directly connected will go through the router that has VCs to both routers. Note that you need not
configure neighbors when using this feature.
An OSPF point-to-multipoint interface is defined as a numbered point-to-point interface having one or
more neighbors. It creates multiple host routes. An OSPF point-to-multipoint network has the following
benefits compared to NBMA and point-to-point networks:
• Point-to-multipoint is easier to configure because it requires no configuration of neighbor commands,
it consumes only one IP subnet, and it requires no designated router election.
• It costs less because it does not require a fully meshed topology.
• It is more reliable because it maintains connectivity in the event of VC failure.
OSPF classifies different media into the following three types of networks by default:
• Broadcast networks (GigabitEthernet, Token Ring, and FDDI)
• Nonbroadcast multiaccess (NBMA) networks (Switched Multimegabit Data Service [SMDS] and
Frame Relay)
• Point-to-point networks (High-Level Data Link Control [HDLC] and PPP)
You can configure your network as either a broadcast or an NBMA network.
Frame Relay provides an optional broadcast capability that can be configured in the map to allow OSPF to
run as a broadcast network. Refer to the frame-relay map command description in the Cisco IOS Wide-
Area Networking Command Reference publication for more detail.
On point-to-multipoint, broadcast networks, there is no need to specify neighbors. However, you can
specify neighbors with the neighbor router configuration command, in which case you should specify a
cost to that neighbor.
Before the point-to-multipoint keyword was added to the ip ospf networkinterface configuration
command, some OSPF point-to-multipoint protocol traffic was treated as multicast traffic. Therefore, the

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Information About OSPF

neighbor router configuration command was not needed for point-to-multipoint interfaces because
multicast took care of the traffic. Hello, update, and acknowledgment messages were sent using multicast.
In particular, multicast hello messages discovered all neighbors dynamically.
On any point-to-multipoint interface (broadcast or not), the Cisco IOS XE software assumed that the cost to
each neighbor was equal. The cost was configured with the ip ospf cost interface configuration command.
In reality, the bandwidth to each neighbor is different, so the cost should differ. With this feature, you can
configure a separate cost to each neighbor. This feature applies to point-to-multipoint interfaces only.
Because many routers might be attached to an OSPF network, a designated router is selected for the
network. Special configuration parameters are needed in the designated router selection if broadcast
capability is not configured.
These parameters need only be configured in those devices that are themselves eligible to become the
designated router or backup designated router (in other words, routers with a nonzero router priority value).
You can specify the following neighbor parameters, as required:
• Priority for a neighboring router
• Nonbroadcast poll interval
On point-to-multipoint, nonbroadcast networks, use the neighbor router configuration command to identify
neighbors. Assigning a cost to a neighbor is optional.
This feature allows the neighbor router configuration command to be used on point-to-multipoint
interfaces.
On any point-to-multipoint interface (broadcast or not), the software assumed the cost to each neighbor was
equal. The cost was configured with the ip ospf cost interface configuration command. In reality, the
bandwidth to each neighbor is different, so the cost should differ. With this feature, you can configure a
separate cost to each neighbor. This feature applies to point-to-multipoint interfaces only.
Our OSPF software allows you to configure several area parameters. These area parameters, shown in the
following task table, include authentication, defining stub areas, and assigning specific costs to the default
summary route. Authentication allows password-based protection against unauthorized access to an area.
Stub areas are areas into which information on external routes is not sent. Instead, there is a default external
route generated by the ABR, into the stub area for destinations outside the autonomous system. To take
advantage of the OSPF stub area support, default routing must be used in the stub area. To further reduce
the number of LSAs sent into a stub area, you can configure the no-summary keyword of the area
stubrouter configuration command on the ABR to prevent it from sending summary link advertisement
(LSAs Type 3) into the stub area.
The OSPF NSSA feature is described by RFC 3101. In Cisco IOS Release XE3.3S and later releases, RFC
3101 replaces RFC 1587. RFC 3101 is backward compatible with RFC 1587. For a detailed list of
differences between them, see Appendix F of RFC 3101. NSSA support was first integrated into Cisco IOS
XE Release 2.1. OSPF NSSA is a nonproprietary extension of the existing OSPF stub area feature.
RFC 3101 support enhances both the Type 7 autonomous-system external routing calculation and the
translation of Type 7 LSAs into Type 5 LSAs. For more information, see RFC 3101.
Use NSSA to simplify administration if you are an Internet service provider (ISP) or a network
administrator that must connect a central site that is using OSPF to a remote site that is using a different
routing protocol.
Prior to NSSA, the connection between the corporate site border router and the remote router could not be
run as an OSPF stub area because routes for the remote site could not be redistributed into the stub area,
and two routing protocols needed to be maintained. A simple protocol such as RIP was usually run and
handled the redistribution. With NSSA, you can extend OSPF to cover the remote connection by defining
the area between the corporate router and the remote router as an NSSA.

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Information About OSPF

As with OSPF stub areas, NSSA areas cannot be injected with distributed routes via Type 5 LSAs. Route
redistribution into an NSSA area is possible only with a special type of LSA that is known as Type 7 that
can exist only in an NSSA area. An NSSA ASBR generates the Type 7 LSA so that the routes can be
redistributed, and an NSSA ABR translates the Type 7 LSA into a Type 5 LSA, which can be flooded
throughout the whole OSPF routing domain. Summarization and filtering are supported during the
translation.
Cisco IOS Release XE3.3S and later releases support RFC 3101, which allows you to configure an NSSA
ABR router as a forced NSSA LSA translator. This means that the NSSA ABR router will unconditionally
assume the role of LSA translator, preempting the default behavior, which would only include it among the
candidates to be elected as translator.

Note Even a forced translator might not translate all LSAs; translation depends on the contents of each LSA.

The figure below shows a network diagram in which OSPF Area 1 is defined as the stub area. The
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) routes cannot be propagated into the OSPF domain
because routing redistribution is not allowed in the stub area. However, once OSPF Area 1 is defined as an
NSSA, an NSSA ASBR can inject the EIGRP routes into the OSPF NSSA by creating Type 7 LSAs.
Evaluate the following considerations before you implement OSPF NSSA:
• You can set a Type 7 default route that can be used to reach external destinations. If you do, the router
generates a Type 7 default into the NSSA or the NSSA ABR.
• Every router within the same area must agree that the area is NSSA; otherwise, the routers will not be
able to communicate.

Figure 1: OSPF NSSA

The redistributed routes from the RIP router will not be allowed into OSPF Area 1 because NSSA is an
extension to the stub area. The stub area characteristics will still exist, including the exclusion of Type 5
LSAs.

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Information About OSPF

In Cisco IOS XE Release 3.3S and later releases, RFC 3101 replaces RFC 1587, and you can use the
always keyword in the area nssa translate command to configure an NSSA ABR router as a forced NSSA
LSA translator. This command will work if RFC 3101 is disabled and RFC 1587 is being used.
In Cisco IOS XE Release 3.3S and later releases, RFC 3101 replaces RFC 1587, and RFC 3101 behavior is
automatically enabled. You can choose the route selection behavior by configuring a router to run as RFC
3101 or RFC 1587 compatible.
Route summarization is the consolidation of advertised addresses. This feature causes a single summary
route to be advertised to other areas by an ABR. In OSPF, an ABR will advertise networks in one area into
another area. If the network numbers in an area are assigned in a way such that they are contiguous, you
can configure the ABR to advertise a summary route that covers all the individual networks within the area
that fall into the specified range.
When routes from other protocols are redistributed into OSPF (as described in the module "Configuring IP
Routing Protocol-Independent Features"), each route is advertised individually in an external LSA.
However, you can configure the Cisco IOS XE software to advertise a single route for all the redistributed
routes that are covered by a specified network address and mask. Doing so helps decrease the size of the
OSPF link-state database.
In OSPF, all areas must be connected to a backbone area. If there is a break in backbone continuity, or the
backbone is purposefully partitioned, you can establish a virtual link. The two endpoints of a virtual link
are ABRs. The virtual link must be configured in both routers. The configuration information in each router
consists of the other virtual endpoint (the other ABR) and the nonbackbone area that the two routers have
in common (called the transit area). Note that virtual links cannot be configured through stub areas.
You can force an ASBR to generate a default route into an OSPF routing domain. Whenever you
specifically configure redistribution of routes into an OSPF routing domain, the router automatically
becomes an ASBR. However, an ASBR does not, by default, generate a default route into the OSPF routing
domain.
You can configure OSPF to look up Domain Naming System (DNS) names for use in all OSPF show
EXEC command displays. You can use this feature to more easily identify a router, because the router is
displayed by name rather than by its router ID or neighbor ID.
OSPF uses the largest IP address configured on the interfaces as its router ID. If the interface associated
with this IP address is ever brought down, or if the address is removed, the OSPF process must recalculate
a new router ID and resend all its routing information out its interfaces.
If a loopback interface is configured with an IP address, the Cisco IOS XE software will use this IP address
as its router ID, even if other interfaces have larger IP addresses. Because loopback interfaces never go
down, greater stability in the routing table is achieved.
OSPF automatically prefers a loopback interface over any other kind, and it chooses the highest IP address
among all loopback interfaces. If no loopback interfaces are present, the highest IP address in the router is
chosen. You cannot tell OSPF to use any particular interface.
By default OSPF calculates the OSPF metric for an interface according to the bandwidth of the interface.
For example, a 64-kbps link gets a metric of 1562, and a T1 link gets a metric of 64.
The OSPF metric is calculated as the ref-bw value divided by the bandwidth value, with the ref-bw value
equal to 108 by default, and the bandwidth value determined by the bandwidth interface configuration
command. The calculation gives FDDI a metric of 1. If you have multiple links with high bandwidth, you
might want to specify a larger number to differentiate the cost on those links.
An administrative distance is a rating of the trustworthiness of a routing information source, such as an
individual router or a group of routers. Numerically, an administrative distance is an integer from 0 to 255.
In general, the higher the value, the lower the trust rating. An administrative distance of 255 means the
routing information source cannot be trusted at all and should be ignored.

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Original LSA Behavior

OSPF uses three different administrative distances: intra-area, interarea, and external. Routes within an area
are intra-area; routes to another area are interarea; and routes from another routing domain learned via
redistribution are external. The default distance for each type of route is 110.
Because simplex interfaces between two devices on an Ethernet represent only one network segment, for
OSPF you must configure the sending interface to be a passive interface. This configuration prevents OSPF
from sending hello packets for the sending interface. Both devices are able to see each other via the hello
packet generated for the receiving interface.
You can configure the delay time between when OSPF receives a topology change and when it starts a
shortest path first (SPF) calculation. You can also configure the hold time between two consecutive SPF
calculations.
The OSPF on-demand circuit is an enhancement to the OSPF protocol that allows efficient operation over
on-demand circuits such as ISDN and dialup lines. This feature supports RFC 1793, Extending OSPF to
Support Demand Circuits.
Prior to this feature, OSPF periodic hello and LSA updates would be exchanged between routers that
connected the on-demand link, even when no changes occurred in the hello or LSA information.
With this feature, periodic hellos are suppressed and the periodic refreshes of LSAs are not flooded over
the demand circuit. These packets bring up the link only when they are exchanged for the first time, or
when a change occurs in the information they contain. This operation allows the underlying data link layer
to be closed when the network topology is stable.
This feature is useful when you want to connect telecommuters or branch offices to an OSPF backbone at a
central site. In this case, OSPF over on-demand circuits allows the benefits of OSPF over the entire
domain, without excess connection costs. Periodic refreshes of hello updates, LSA updates, and other
protocol overhead are prevented from enabling the on-demand circuit when there is no "real" data to send.
Overhead protocols such as hellos and LSAs are transferred over the on-demand circuit only upon initial
setup and when they reflect a change in the topology. This means that critical changes to the topology that
require new SPF calculations are sent in order to maintain network topology integrity. Periodic refreshes
that do not include changes, however, are not sent across the link.
The OSPF LSA group pacing feature allows the router to group OSPF LSAs and pace the refreshing,
checksumming, and aging functions. The group pacing results in more efficient use of the router.
The router groups OSPF LSAs and paces the refreshing, checksumming, and aging functions so that sudden
increases in CPU usage and network resources are avoided. This feature is most beneficial to large OSPF
networks.
OSPF LSA group pacing is enabled by default. For typical customers, the default group pacing interval for
refreshing, checksumming, and aging is appropriate and you need not configure this feature.
• Original LSA Behavior, page 7
• LSA Group Pacing with Multiple Timers, page 8

Original LSA Behavior

Each OSPF LSA has an age, which indicates whether the LSA is still valid. Once the LSA reaches the
maximum age (1 hour), it is discarded. During the aging process, the originating router sends a refresh
packet every 30 minutes to refresh the LSA. Refresh packets are sent to keep the LSA from expiring,
whether there has been a change in the network topology or not. Checksumming is performed on all LSAs
every 10 minutes. The router keeps track of LSAs it generates and LSAs it receives from other routers. The
router refreshes LSAs it generated; it ages the LSAs it received from other routers.
Prior to the LSA group pacing feature, the Cisco IOS XE software would perform refreshing on a single
timer, and checksumming and aging on another timer. In the case of refreshing, for example, the software

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 Route Distribution for OSPF
LSA Group Pacing with Multiple Timers

would scan the whole database every 30 minutes, refreshing every LSA the router generated, no matter
how old it was. The figure below illustrates all the LSAs being refreshed at once. This process wasted CPU
resources because only a small portion of the database needed to be refreshed. A large OSPF database
(several thousand LSAs) could have thousands of LSAs with different ages. Refreshing on a single timer
resulted in the age of all LSAs becoming synchronized, which resulted in much CPU processing at once.
Furthermore, a large number of LSAs could cause a sudden increase of network traffic, consuming a large
amount of network resources in a short period of time.

Figure 2: OSPF LSAs on a Single Timer Without Group Pacing

LSA Group Pacing with Multiple Timers

Configuring each LSA to have its own timer avoids excessive CPU processing and sudden network-traffic
increase. To again use the example of refreshing, each LSA gets refreshed when it is 30 minutes old,
independent of other LSAs. So the CPU is used only when necessary. However, LSAs being refreshed at
frequent, random intervals would require many packets for the few refreshed LSAs the router must send
out, which would be inefficient use of bandwidth.
Therefore, the router delays the LSA refresh function for an interval of time instead of performing it when
the individual timers are reached. The accumulated LSAs constitute a group, which is then refreshed and
sent out in one packet or more. Thus, the refresh packets are paced, as are the checksumming and aging.
The pacing interval is configurable; it defaults to 4 minutes, which is randomized to further avoid
synchronization.
The figure below illustrates the case of refresh packets. The first timeline illustrates individual LSA timers;
the second timeline illustrates individual LSA timers with group pacing.

Figure 3: OSPF LSAs on Individual Timers with Group Pacing

The group pacing interval is inversely proportional to the number of LSAs the router is refreshing,
checksumming, and aging. For example, if you have approximately 10,000 LSAs, decreasing the pacing

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 Route Distribution for OSPF
How to Configure OSPF

interval would benefit you. If you have a very small database (40 to 100 LSAs), increasing the pacing
interval to 10 to 20 minutes might benefit you slightly.
The default value of pacing between LSA groups is 240 seconds (4 minutes). The range is from 10 seconds
to 1800 seconds (30 minutes).
By default, OSPF floods new LSAs over all interfaces in the same area, except the interface on which the
LSA arrives. Some redundancy is desirable, because it ensures robust flooding. However, too much
redundancy can waste bandwidth and might destabilize the network due to excessive link and CPU usage in
certain topologies. An example would be a fully meshed topology.
You can block OSPF flooding of LSAs two ways, depending on the type of networks:
• On broadcast, nonbroadcast, and point-to-point networks, you can block flooding over specified OSPF
interfaces.
• On point-to-multipoint networks, you can block flooding to a specified neighbor.
The growth of the Internet has increased the importance of scalability of IGPs such as OSPF. By design,
OSPF requires LSAs to be refreshed as they expire after 3600 seconds. Some implementations have tried to
improve the flooding by reducing the frequency to refresh from 30 minutes to about 50 minutes. This
solution reduces the amount of refresh traffic but requires at least one refresh before the LSA expires. The
OSPF flooding reduction solution works by reducing unnecessary refreshing and flooding of already
known and unchanged information. To achieve this reduction, the LSAs are now flooded with the higher
bit set. The LSAs are now set as "do not age."
Cisco routers do not support LSA Type 6 Multicast OSPF (MOSPF), and they generate syslog messages if
they receive such packets. If the router is receiving many MOSPF packets, you might want to configure the
router to ignore the packets and thus prevent a large number of syslog messages.
The former OSPF implementation for sending update packets needed to be more efficient. Some update
packets were getting lost in cases where the link was slow, a neighbor could not receive the updates quickly
enough, or the router was out of buffer space. For example, packets might be dropped if either of the
following topologies existed:
• A fast router was connected to a slower router over a point-to-point link.
• During flooding, several neighbors sent updates to a single router at the same time.
OSPF update packets are now automatically paced so they are not sent less than 33 milliseconds apart.
Pacing is also added between resends to increase efficiency and minimize lost retransmissions. Also, you
can display the LSAs waiting to be sent out an interface. The benefit of the pacing is that OSPF update and
retransmission packets are sent more efficiently.
You can display specific statistics such as the contents of IP routing tables, caches, and databases.
Information provided can be used to determine resource utilization and solve network problems. You can
also display information about node reachability and discover the routing path that your device packets are
taking through the network.

How to Configure OSPF

To configure OSPF, perform the tasks described in the following sections. The tasks in the first section are
required; the tasks in the remaining sections are optional, but might be required for your application. For
information about the maximum number of interfaces, see the Configuration Limit on OSPF Links or
Buffers, page 2 section.
• Enabling OSPF, page 10
• Configuring OSPF Interface Parameters, page 10

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How to Configure OSPF

• Configuring OSPF over Different Physical Networks, page 11

• Configuring OSPF Area Parameters, page 13
• Configuring OSPF NSSA, page 13
• Configuring Route Summarization Between OSPF Areas, page 15
• Configuring Route Summarization When Redistributing Routes into OSPF, page 16
• Creating Virtual Links, page 16
• Generating a Default Route, page 16
• Configuring Lookup of DNS Names, page 16
• Forcing the Router ID Choice with a Loopback Interface, page 17
• Controlling Default Metrics, page 17
• Changing the OSPF Administrative Distances, page 17
• Configuring OSPF on Simplex Ethernet Interfaces, page 17
• Configuring Route Calculation Timers, page 17
• Configuring OSPF over On-Demand Circuits, page 18
• Logging Neighbors Going Up or Down, page 19
• Changing the LSA Group Pacing Interval, page 19
• Blocking OSPF LSA Flooding, page 19
• Reducing LSA Flooding, page 19
• Ignoring MOSPF LSA Packets, page 20
• Displaying OSPF Update Packet Pacing, page 20
• Monitoring and Maintaining OSPF, page 20

Enabling OSPF
SUMMARY STEPS

1. Router(config)# router ospf process-id

2. Router(config-router)# network ip-address wildcard-mask area area-id

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1 Router(config)# router ospf process-id Enables OSPF routing, which places the router in router
configuration mode.
Step 2 Router(config-router)# network ip-address wildcard- Defines an interface on which OSPF runs and defines the area ID
mask area area-id for that interface.

Configuring OSPF Interface Parameters

Command Purpose
Explicitly specifies the cost of sending a packet on
Router(config-if)# ip ospf cost cost an OSPF interface.

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 Configuring OSPF over Different Physical Networks
Configuring Your OSPF Network Type

Command Purpose
Specifies the number of seconds between link-state
Router(config-if)# ip ospf retransmit- advertisement (LSA) retransmissions for
interval seconds adjacencies belonging to an OSPF interface.

Sets the estimated number of seconds required to

Router(config-if)# i p ospf transmit-delay send a link-state update packet on an OSPF
seconds
interface.

Sets priority to help determine the OSPF designated

Router(config-if)# ip ospf priority number- router for a network.
value

Specifies the length of time between the hello

Router(config-if)# ip ospf hello-interval packets that the Cisco IOS XE software sends on an
seconds
OSPF interface.

Sets the number of seconds that a device must wait

Router(config-if)# ip ospf dead-interval before it declares a neighbor OSPF router down
seconds
because it has not received a hello packet.

Assigns a password to be used by neighboring

Router(config-if)# ip ospf authentication-key OSPF routers on a network segment that is using
key
the OSPF simple password authentication.

Enables OSPF MD5 authentication. The values for

Router(config-if)# ip ospf message-digest- the key-id and key argumentsmust match values
key key-id md5 key specified for other neighbors on a network segment.

Specifies the authentication type for an interface.

Router(config-if)# ip ospf authentication
[message-digest | null]

Configuring OSPF over Different Physical Networks

• Configuring Your OSPF Network Type, page 11
• Configuring Point-to-Multipoint Broadcast Networks, page 12
• Configuring OSPF for Nonbroadcast Networks, page 12

Configuring Your OSPF Network Type

Command Purpose
Configures the OSPF network type for a specified
Router(config-if)# ip ospf network interface.
{broadcast | non-broadcast | {point-to-
multipoint [non-broadcast] | point-to-
point}}

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 Configuring OSPF over Different Physical Networks
Configuring Point-to-Multipoint Broadcast Networks

Configuring Point-to-Multipoint Broadcast Networks

SUMMARY STEPS

1. Router(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-multipoint

2. Router(config-if)# exit
3. Router(config)# router ospf process-id
4. Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address cost number

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1 Router(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to- Configures an interface as point-to-multipoint for broadcast media.
multipoint
Step 2 Router(config-if)# exit Enters global configuration mode.
Step 3 Router(config)# router ospf process-id Configures an OSPF routing process and enters router configuration
mode.
Step 4 Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address Specifies a neighbor and assigns a cost to the neighbor.
cost number NoteRepeat this step for each neighbor if you want to specify a cost.
Otherwise, neighbors will assume the cost of the interface, based on
the ip ospf cost interface configuration command.

Configuring OSPF for Nonbroadcast Networks

Command Purpose
Configures a router interconnecting to nonbroadcast
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip- networks.
address
[priority number] [poll-interval seconds]

To treat the interface as point-to-multipoint when the media does not support broadcast, use the following
commands beginning in interface configuration mode:

SUMMARY STEPS

1. Router(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to-multipoint non-broadcast

2. Router(config-if)# exit
3. Router(config)# router ospf process-id
4. Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address [cost number]

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1 Router(config-if)# ip ospf network point-to- Configures an interface as point-to-multipoint for nonbroadcast media.
multipoint non-broadcast

12
 Configuring OSPF Area Parameters
Configuring OSPF for Nonbroadcast Networks

Command or Action Purpose

Step 2 Router(config-if)# exit Enters global configuration mode.
Step 3 Router(config)# router ospf process-id Configures an OSPF routing process and enters router configuration
mode.
Step 4 Router(config-router)# neighbor ip-address [cost Specifies a neighbor and assigns a cost to the neighbor.
number] NoteRepeat this step for each neighbor if you want to specify a cost.
Otherwise, neighbors will assume the cost of the interface, based on
the ip ospf cost interface configuration command.

Configuring OSPF Area Parameters

Command Purpose
Enables authentication for an OSPF area.
Router(config-router)# area
area-id authentication

Enables MD5 authentication for an OSPF area.

Router(config-router)# area area-id
authentication message-digest

Defines an area to be a stub area.

Router(config-router)# area area-id stub
[no-summary]

Assigns a specific cost to the default summary route

Router(config-router)# area area-id default- used for the stub area.
cost cost

Configuring OSPF NSSA

Command Purpose
Defines an area to be an NSSA.
Router(config-router)# area area-id nssa
[no-redistribution] [default-information-
originate]

To control summarization and filtering of Type 7 LSAs into Type 5 LSAs, use the following command in
router configuration mode on the ASBR:

Command Purpose
Controls the summarization and filtering during the
Router(config-router)# summary address translation.
prefix mask [not advertise] [tag tag]

• Configuring an NSSA ABR as a Forced NSSA LSA Translator, page 14

• Disabling RFC 3101 Compatibility and Enabling RFC 1587 Compatibility, page 15

13
 Configuring OSPF NSSA
Configuring an NSSA ABR as a Forced NSSA LSA Translator

Configuring an NSSA ABR as a Forced NSSA LSA Translator

Note In Cisco IOS XE Release 3.3S and later releases, the output of the show ip ospf command shows whether
the NSSA ABR is configured as a forced translator, and whether the router is running as RFC 3101 or RFC
1587 compatible.

SUMMARY STEPS

1. enable
2. configure terminal
3. router ospf process-id
4. area area-id nssa translate type7 [ always ]
5. end

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1 enable Enables privileged EXEC mode.
• Enter your password if prompted.
Example:
Router> enable

Step 2 configure terminal Enters global configuration mode.

Example:
Router# configure terminal

Step 3 router ospf process-id Enables OSPF routing and enters router configuration
mode.
Example: • The process-id argument identifies the OSPF process.
Router(config)# router ospf 1

Step 4 area area-id nssa translate type7 [ always ] Configures an NSSA ABR router as a forced NSSA LSA
translator.
Example:
Router(config-router)# area 10 nssa translate type7
always

Step 5 end Exits router configuration mode and returns to privileged

EXEC mode.
Example:
Router(config-router)# end

14
 Configuring Route Summarization Between OSPF Areas
Disabling RFC 3101 Compatibility and Enabling RFC 1587 Compatibility

Disabling RFC 3101 Compatibility and Enabling RFC 1587 Compatibility

Note In Cisco IOS XE Release 3.3S and later releases, the output of the show ip ospf command will indicate if
the NSSA ABR is configured as RFC 3101 or RFC 1587 compatible.

SUMMARY STEPS

1. enable
2. configure terminal
3. router ospf process-id
4. compatible rfc1587
5. end

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1 enable Enables privileged EXEC mode.
• Enter your password if prompted.
Example:
Router> enable

Step 2 configure terminal Enters global configuration mode.

Example:
Router# configure terminal

Step 3 router ospf process-id Enables OSPF routing and enters router configuration mode.
• The process-id argument identifies the OSPF process.
Example:
Router(config)# router ospf 1

Step 4 compatible rfc1587 Changes the method used to perform route selection to RFC 1587
compatibility and disables RFC 3101.
Example:
Router(config-router)# compatible rfc1587

Step 5 end Exits router configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode.

Example:
Router(config-router)# end

Configuring Route Summarization Between OSPF Areas

15
 Configuring Route Summarization When Redistributing Routes into OSPF
Disabling RFC 3101 Compatibility and Enabling RFC 1587 Compatibility

Command Purpose
Specifies an address range for which a single route
Router(config-router)# area area-id range ip- will be advertised.
address mask
[advertise
| not-advertise][cost cost]

Configuring Route Summarization When Redistributing Routes into OSPF

Command Purpose
Specifies an address and mask that covers
Router(config-router)# summary-address {ip- redistributed routes, so only one summary route is
address mask
advertised. Use the optional not-advertise keyword
| prefix mask}
[not-advertise] [tag tag] to filter out a set of routes.

Creating Virtual Links

Command Purpose
Creates a virtual link.
Router(config-router)# area area-id virtual-
link router-id [authentication [message-
digest | null]] [hello-interval seconds]
[retransmit-interval seconds] [transmit-delay
seconds] [dead-interval seconds]
[authentication-key key | message-digest-key
key-id md5 key]

To display information about virtual links, use the show ip ospf virtual-links EXEC command. To display
the router ID of an OSPF router, use the show ip ospf EXEC command.

Generating a Default Route

Command Purpose
Forces the ASBR to generate a default route into
Router(config-router)# default- the OSPF routing domain.
information originate [always] [metric
metric-value] [metric-type type-value] [route-
map map-name]

Configuring Lookup of DNS Names

Command Purpose
Configures DNS name lookup.
Router(config)# ip ospf name-lookup

16
 Forcing the Router ID Choice with a Loopback Interface
Disabling RFC 3101 Compatibility and Enabling RFC 1587 Compatibility

Forcing the Router ID Choice with a Loopback Interface

SUMMARY STEPS

1. Router(config)# interface loopback 0

2. Router(config-if)# ip addressip-address mask

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1 Router(config)# interface loopback 0 Creates a loopback interface, which places the router in interface
configuration mode.
Step 2 Router(config-if)# ip addressip-address mask Assigns an IP address to this interface.

Controlling Default Metrics

Command Purpose
Differentiates high-bandwidth links.
Router(config-router)# auto-cost reference-
bandwidth ref-bw

Changing the OSPF Administrative Distances

Command Purpose
Changes the OSPF distance values.
Router(config-router)# distance ospf
{intra-area | inter-area | external} dist

Configuring OSPF on Simplex Ethernet Interfaces

Command Purpose
Suppresses the sending of hello packets through the
Router(config-router)# passive-interface specified interface.
interface-type interface-number

Configuring Route Calculation Timers

Command Purpose
Configures route calculation timers.
Router(config-router)# timers spf spf-delay
spf-holdtime

17
 Configuring OSPF over On-Demand Circuits
Prerequisites

Configuring OSPF over On-Demand Circuits

SUMMARY STEPS
1. Router(config)# router ospf process-id
2. Router(config)# interface interface-type interface-number
3. Router(config-if)# ip ospf demand-circuit

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1 Router(config)# router ospf process-id Enables OSPF operation.
Step 2 Router(config)# interface interface-type interface-number Enters interface configuration mode.
Step 3 Router(config-if)# ip ospf demand-circuit Configures OSPF over an on-demand circuit.

If the router is part of a point-to-point topology, then only one end of the demand circuit must be
configured with this command. However, all routers must have this feature loaded.
If the router is part of a point-to-multipoint topology, only the multipoint end must be configured with this
command.

Note You can prevent an interface from accepting demand-circuit requests from other routers by specifying the
ignore keyword in the ip ospf demand-circuit command.

• Prerequisites, page 18

Prerequisites
Evaluate the following considerations before implementing this feature:
• Because LSAs that include topology changes are flooded over an on-demand circuit, we recommend
that you put demand circuits within OSPF stub areas or within NSSAs to isolate the demand circuits
from as many topology changes as possible.
• To take advantage of the on-demand circuit functionality within a stub area or NSSA, every router in
the area must have this feature loaded. If this feature is deployed within a regular area, all other regular
areas must also support this feature before the demand circuit functionality can take effect because
Type 5 external LSAs are flooded throughout all areas.
• Hub-and-spoke network topologies that have a point-to-multipoint (p2mp) OSPF interface type on a
hub might not revert to nondemand circuit mode when needed. You must simultaneously reconfigure
OSPF on all interfaces on the p2mp segment when reverting them from demand circuit mode to
nondemand circuit mode.
• Do not implement this feature on a broadcast-based network topology because the overhead protocols
(such as hello and LSA packets) cannot be successfully suppressed, which means the link will remain
up.
• Configuring the router for an OSPF on-demand circuit with an asynchronous interface is not a
supported configuration. The supported configuration is to use dialer interfaces on both ends of the
circuit. For more information, refer to the following document, http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/

18
 Logging Neighbors Going Up or Down
Prerequisites

tk365/technologies_tech_note09186a008009481b.shtml Why OSPF Demand Circuit Keeps Bringing

Up the Link .

Logging Neighbors Going Up or Down

Command Purpose
Sends syslog message when an OSPF neighbor
Router(config-router)# log-adjacency-changes goes up or down.
[detail]
Note Configure this command if you want to know
about OSPF neighbors going up or down
without turning on the debug ip ospf
adjacencyEXEC command. The log-
adjacency-changes router configuration
command provides a higher-level view of the
peer relationship with less output. Configure
the log-adjacency-changes detail command
if you want to see messages for each state
change.

Changing the LSA Group Pacing Interval

Command Purpose
Changes the group pacing of LSAs.
Router(config-router)# timers pacing lsa-
group seconds

Blocking OSPF LSA Flooding

Command Purpose
Blocks the flooding of OSPF LSA packets to the
Router(config-if)# ip ospf database-filter interface.
all out

On point-to-multipoint networks, to block flooding of OSPF LSAs, use the following command in router
configuration mode:

Command Purpose
Blocks the flooding of OSPF LSA packets to the
Router(config-router)# neighbor ip- specified neighbor.
address database-filter all out

Reducing LSA Flooding

19
 Ignoring MOSPF LSA Packets
Prerequisites

Command Purpose
Suppresses the unnecessary flooding of LSAs in
Router(config-if)# ip ospf flood-reduction stable topologies.

Ignoring MOSPF LSA Packets

Command Purpose
Prevents the router from generating syslog
Router(config-router)# ignore lsa mospf messages when it receives MOSPF LSA packets.

Displaying OSPF Update Packet Pacing

Command Purpose
Displays a list of LSAs waiting to be flooded over
Router# show ip ospf flood-list interface-type an interface.
interface-number

Monitoring and Maintaining OSPF

Command Purpose
Displays general information about OSPF routing
Router# show ip ospf [process-id] processes.

Displays the internal OSPF routing table entries to

Router# show ip ospf border-routers the ABR and ASBR.

Displays lists of information related to the OSPF

Router# show ip ospf [process-id database.
[area-id]] database

Router# show ip ospf [process-id

[area-id]] database [database-summary]

Router# show ip ospf [process-id

[area-id]] database [router] [self-originate]

Router# show ip ospf [process-id

20
Monitoring and Maintaining OSPF
Prerequisites

Command Purpose
[area-id]] database [router] [adv-router [ip-
address]]

Router# show ip ospf [process-id

[area-id]] database [router] [link-state-id]

Router# show ip ospf [process-id

[area-id]] database [network] [link-state-id]

Router# show ip ospf [process-id

[area-id]] database [summary] [link-state-id]

Router# show ip ospf [process-id

[area-id]] database [asbr-summary] [link-
state-id]

Router# show ip ospf [process-id

[area-id]] database [external] [link-state-id]

Router# show ip ospf [process-id

[area-id]] database [nssa-external] [link-state-
id]

Router# show ip ospf [process-id

[area-id]] database [opaque-link] [link-state-
id]

Router# show ip ospf [process-id

[area-id]] database [opaque-area] [link-state-
id]

Router# show ip ospf [process-id

[area-id]] database [opaque-as] [link-state-id]

Displays a list of LSAs waiting to be flooded over

Router# show ip ospf flood-list interface an interface (to observe OSPF packet pacing).
interface-type

Displays OSPF-related interface information.

Router# show ip ospf interface [interface-type
interface-number]

21
 Example OSPF Point-to-Multipoint
Configuration Examples for OSPF

Command Purpose
Displays OSPF neighbor information on a per-
Router# show ip ospf neighbor [interface- interface basis.
name] [neighbor-id] detail

Displays a list of all LSAs requested by a router.

Router# show ip ospf request-list [neighbor]
[interface] [interface-neighbor]

Displays a list of all LSAs waiting to be re-sent.

Router# show ip ospf retransmission-list
[neighbor] [interface] [interface-neighbor]

Displays a list of all summary address redistribution

Router# show ip ospf [process-id] summary- information configured under an OSPF process.
address

Displays OSPF-related virtual links information.

Router# show ip ospf virtual-links

To restart an OSPF process, use the following command in EXEC mode:

Command Purpose
Clears redistribution based on the OSPF routing
Router# clear ip ospf [pid] {process | process ID. If the pid option is not specified, all
redistribution | counters [neighbor [neighbor- OSPF processes are cleared.
interface]
[neighbor-id]]}

Configuration Examples for OSPF

• Example OSPF Point-to-Multipoint, page 22
• Example OSPF Point-to-Multipoint Broadcast, page 24
• Example OSPF Point-to-Multipoint Nonbroadcast, page 25
• Example Variable-Length Subnet Masks, page 25
• Example OSPF NSSA, page 26
• Example OSPF NSSA Area with RFC 3101 Disabled and RFC 1587 Active, page 30
• Examples OSPF Routing and Route Redistribution, page 32
• Examples Route Map, page 37
• Example Changing OSPF Administrative Distance, page 39
• Example OSPF over On-Demand Routing, page 40
• Example LSA Group Pacing, page 41
• Example Block LSA Flooding, page 41
• Example Ignore MOSPF LSA Packets, page 41

Example OSPF Point-to-Multipoint

In the figure below, the router named Router 1 uses data-link connection identifier (DLCI) 201 to
communicate with the router named Router 2, DLCI 202 to the router named Router 4, and DLCI 203 to

22
Example OSPF Point-to-Multipoint
Configuration Examples for OSPF

the router named Router 3. Router 2 uses DLCI 101 to communicate with Router 1 and DLCI 102 to
communicate with Router 3. Router 3 communicates with Router 2 (DLCI 401) and Router 1 (DLCI 402).
Router 4 communicates with Router 1 (DLCI 301). Configuration examples follow the figure.

Figure 4: OSPF Point-to-Multipoint Example

Router 1 Configuration

hostname Router 1
!
interface serial 1/0/0
ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0
ip ospf network point-to-multipoint
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.1 201 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.3 202 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.4 203 broadcast
!
router ospf 1
network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router 2 Configuration

hostname Router 2
!
interface serial 0/0/0
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0
ip ospf network point-to-multipoint
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.2 101 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.4 102 broadcast
!
router ospf 1
network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router 3 Configuration

hostname Router 3
!
interface serial 3/0/0
ip address 10.0.0.4 255.0.0.0
ip ospf network point-to-multipoint
encapsulation frame-relay
clock rate 1000000
frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.1 401 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.2 402 broadcast
!
router ospf 1
network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

23
 Example OSPF Point-to-Multipoint Broadcast
Configuration Examples for OSPF

Router 4 Configuration

hostname Router 4
!
interface serial 2/0/0
ip address 10.0.0.3 255.0.0.0
ip ospf network point-to-multipoint
encapsulation frame-relay
clock rate 2000000
frame-relay map ip 10.0.0.2 301 broadcast
!
router ospf 1
network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Example OSPF Point-to-Multipoint Broadcast

The following example illustrates a point-to-multipoint network with broadcast:

interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
ip ospf cost 100
ip ospf network point-to-multipoint
frame-relay map ip 10.0.1.3 202 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 10.0.1.4 203 broadcast
frame-relay map ip 10.0.1.5 204 broadcast
frame-relay local-dlci 200
!
router ospf 1
network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
neighbor 10.0.1.5 cost 5
neighbor 10.0.1.4 cost 10

The following example shows the configuration of the neighbor at 10.0.1.3:

interface serial 0/0/0

ip address 10.0.1.3 255.255.255.0
ip ospf network point-to-multipoint
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay local-dlci 301
frame-relay map ip 10.0.1.1 300 broadcast
no shutdown
!
router ospf 1
network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

The output shown for neighbors in the first configuration is as follows:

Router# show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
172.16.1.1 1 FULL/ - 00:01:50 10.0.1.5 Serial0/0/0
172.16.1.4 1 FULL/ - 00:01:47 10.0.1.4 Serial0/0/0
172.16.1.8 1 FULL/ - 00:01:45 10.0.1.3 Serial0/0/0

The route information in the first configuration is as follows:

Router# show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default
U - per-user static route, o - ODR
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 1.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Loopback0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks
O 10.0.1.3/32 [110/100] via 10.0.1.3, 00:39:08, Serial0/0/0
C 10.0.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0

24
 Example OSPF Point-to-Multipoint Nonbroadcast
Configuration Examples for OSPF

O 10.0.1.5/32 [110/5] via 10.0.1.5, 00:39:08, Serial0/0/0

O 10.0.1.4/32 [110/10] via 10.0.1.4, 00:39:08, Serial0/0/0

Example OSPF Point-to-Multipoint Nonbroadcast

The following example illustrates a point-to-multipoint network with nonbroadcast:

interface Serial0/0/0
ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip ospf network point-to-multipoint non-broadcast
encapsulation frame-relay
no keepalive
frame-relay local-dlci 200
frame-relay map ip 10.0.1.3 202
frame-relay map ip 10.0.1.4 203
frame-relay map ip 10.0.1.5 204
no shutdown
!
router ospf 1
network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
neighbor 10.0.1.3 cost 5
neighbor 10.0.1.4 cost 10
neighbor 10.0.1.5 cost 15

The following example is the configuration for the router on the other side:

interface Serial9/2/1
ip address 10.0.1.3 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
ip ospf network point-to-multipoint non-broadcast
no ip mroute-cache
no keepalive
no fair-queue
frame-relay local-dlci 301
frame-relay map ip 10.0.1.1 300
no shutdown
!
router ospf 1
network 10.0.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

The output shown for neighbors in the first configuration is as follows:

Router# show ip ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
172.16.1.1 1 FULL/ - 00:01:52 10.0.1.5 Serial0/0/0
172.16.1.4 1 FULL/ - 00:01:52 10.0.1.4 Serial0/0/0
172.16.1.8 1 FULL/ - 00:01:52 10.0.1.3 Serial0/0/0

Example Variable-Length Subnet Masks

OSPF, static routes, and IS-IS support variable-length subnet masks (VLSMs). With VLSMs, you can use
different masks for the same network number on different interfaces, which allows you to conserve IP
addresses and more efficiently use available address space.
In the following example, a 30-bit subnet mask is used, leaving two bits of address space reserved for serial
line host addresses. There is sufficient host address space for two host endpoints on a point-to-point serial
link.

interface gigabitethernet 0/0/0

ip address 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0
! 8 bits of host address space reserved for ethernets
interface serial 0/0/0
ip address 172.16.20.1 255.255.255.252
! 2 bits of address space reserved for serial lines
! Router is configured for OSPF and assigned AS 107

25
 Example OSPF NSSA
Configuration Examples for OSPF

router ospf 107

! Specifies network directly connected to the router
network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0.0.0.0

Example OSPF NSSA

In the following example, an OSPF stub network is configured to include OSPF Area 0 and OSPF Area 1,
using five routers. OSPF Area 1 is defined as an NSSA, with Router 3 configured to be the NSSA ASBR
and Router 2 configured to be the NSSA ABR. Following is the configuration output for the five routers.

Router 1

hostname Router1
!
interface Loopback1
ip address 10.1.0.1 255.255.255.255
!
interface gigabitethernet 0/0/0
ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
ip ospf 1 area 0
no cdp enable
!
interface Serial10/0/0
description Router2 interface s11/0/0
ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
ip ospf 1 area 1
serial restart-delay 0
no cdp enable
!
router ospf 1
area 1 nssa
!
end

Router 2

hostname Router2
!
!
interface Loopback1
ip address 10.1.0.2 255.255.255.255
!
interface Serial10/0/0
description Router1 interface s11/0/0
no ip address
shutdown
serial restart-delay 0
no cdp enable
!
interface Serial11/0/0
description Router1 interface s10/0/0
ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0
ip ospf 1 area 1
serial restart-delay 0
no cdp enable
!
interface Serial14/0/0
description Router3 interface s13/0/0
ip address 192.168.14.2 255.255.255.0
ip ospf 1 area 1
serial restart-delay 0
no cdp enable
!
router ospf 1
area 1 nssa
!
end

26
Example OSPF NSSA
Configuration Examples for OSPF

Router 3

hostname Router3
!
interface Loopback1
ip address 10.1.0.3 255.255.255.255
!
interface gigabitethernet3/0/0
ip address 192.168.3.3 255.255.255.0
no cdp enable
!
interface Serial13/0/0
description Router2 interface s14/0/0
ip address 192.168.14.3 255.255.255.0
ip ospf 1 area 1
serial restart-delay 0
no cdp enable
!
router ospf 1
log-adjacency-changes
area 1 nssa
redistribute rip subnets
!
router rip
version 2
redistribute ospf 1 metric 15
network 192.168.3.0
end

Router 4

hostname Router4
!
interface Loopback1
ip address 10.1.0.4 255.255.255.255
!
interface gigabitethernet3/0/0
ip address 192.168.3.4 255.255.255.0
no cdp enable
!
interface gigabitethernet4/1/0
ip address 192.168.41.4 255.255.255.0
!
router rip
version 2
network 192.168.3.0
network 192.168.41.0
!
end

Router 5

hostname Router5
!
interface Loopback1
ip address 10.1.0.5 255.255.255.255
!
interface gigabitethernet0/0/0
ip address 192.168.0.10 255.255.255.0
ip ospf 1 area 0
no cdp enable
!
interface gigabitethernet1/1/0
ip address 192.168.11.10 255.255.255.0
ip ospf 1 area 0
!
router ospf 1
!
end

27
 Example OSPF NSSA
Configuration Examples for OSPF

The figure below shows the OSPF stub network with NSSA Area 1. The redistributed routes that Router 4
is propagating from the two RIP networks will be translated into Type 7 LSAs by NSSA ASBR Router 3.
Router 2, which is configured to be the NSSA ABR, will translate the Type 7 LSAs back to Type 5 so that
they can be flooded through the rest of the OSPF stub network within OSPF Area 0.

Figure 5: OSPF NSSA Network with NSSA ABR and ASBR Routers

When the show ip ospf command is entered on Router 2, the output confirms that OSFP Area 1 is an
NSSA area:

Router2# show ip ospf

Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 10.1.0.2
Start time: 00:00:01.392, Time elapsed: 12:03:09.480
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Supports area transit capability
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Incremental-SPF disabled
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Number of external LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of areas in this router is 1. 0 normal 0 stub 1 nssa
Number of areas transit capable is 0
External flood list length 0
Area 1
Number of interfaces in this area is 2
! It is a NSSA area
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm last executed 11:37:58.836 ago
SPF algorithm executed 3 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 7. Checksum Sum 0x045598
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0

28
Example OSPF NSSA
Configuration Examples for OSPF

Number of DoNotAge LSA 0

Flood list length 0
Router2# show ip ospf data
OSPF Router with ID (10.1.0.2) (Process ID 1)
Router Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Link count
10.1.0.1 10.1.0.1 1990 0x80000016 0x00CBCB 2
10.1.0.2 10.1.0.2 1753 0x80000016 0x009371 4
10.1.0.3 10.1.0.3 1903 0x80000016 0x004149 2
Summary Net Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum
192.168.0.0 10.1.0.1 1990 0x80000017 0x00A605
192.168.11.0 10.1.0.1 1990 0x80000015 0x009503
Type-7 AS External Link States (Area 1)
Link ID ADV Router Age Seq# Checksum Tag
192.168.3.0 10.1.0.3 1903 0x80000015 0x00484F 0
192.168.41.0 10.1.0.3 1903 0x80000015 0x00A4CC 0

Entering the show ip ospf database datacommand displays additional information about redistribution
between Type 5 and Type 7 LSAs for routes that have been injected into the NSSA area and then flooded
through the OSPF network.

Router2# show ip ospf database data

OSPF Router with ID (10.1.0.2) (Process ID 1)
Area 1 database summary
LSA Type Count Delete Maxage
Router 3 0 0
Network 0 0 0
Summary Net 2 0 0
Summary ASBR 0 0 0
Type-7 Ext 2 0 0
Prefixes redistributed in Type-7 0
Opaque Link 0 0 0
Opaque Area 0 0 0
Subtotal 7 0 0
Process 1 database summary
LSA Type Count Delete Maxage
Router 3 0 0
Network 0 0 0
Summary Net 2 0 0
Summary ASBR 0 0 0
Type-7 Ext 2 0 0
Opaque Link 0 0 0
Opaque Area 0 0 0
Type-5 Ext 0 0 0
Prefixes redistributed in Type-5 0
Opaque AS 0 0 0
Total 7 0 0

Entering the show ip ospf database nssa command also displays detailed information for Type 7 to Type 5
translations:

Router2# show ip ospf database nssa

OSPF Router with ID (10.1.0.2) (Process ID 1)
Type-7 AS External Link States (Area 1)
Routing Bit Set on this LSA
LS age: 1903
Options: (No TOS-capability, Type 7/5 translation, DC)
LS Type: AS External Link
Link State ID: 192.168.3.0 (External Network Number )
Advertising Router: 10.1.0.3
LS Seq Number: 80000015
Checksum: 0x484F
Length: 36
Network Mask: /24
Metric Type: 2 (Larger than any link state path)
TOS: 0
Metric: 20
Forward Address: 192.168.14.3
External Route Tag: 0
Routing Bit Set on this LSA

29
 Example OSPF NSSA Area with RFC 3101 Disabled and RFC 1587 Active
Configuration Examples for OSPF

LS age: 1903
! Options: (No TOS-capability, Type 7/5 translation, DC)
LS Type: AS External Link
Link State ID: 192.168.41.0 (External Network Number )
Advertising Router: 10.1.0.3
LS Seq Number: 80000015
Checksum: 0xA4CC
Length: 36
Network Mask: /24
Metric Type: 2 (Larger than any link state path)
TOS: 0
Metric: 20
Forward Address: 192.168.14.3
External Route Tag: 0

Router 3
Entering the show ip ospf command on Router 3 displays the information to confirm that Router 3 is acting
as an ASBR and that OSPF Area 1 has been configured to be an NSSA area:

Router3# show ip ospf

Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 10.1.0.3
Start time: 00:00:01.392, Time elapsed: 12:02:34.572
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Supports area transit capability
!It is an autonomous system boundary router
Redistributing External Routes from,
rip, includes subnets in redistribution
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Incremental-SPF disabled
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Number of external LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of areas in this router is 1. 0 normal 0 stub 1 nssa
Number of areas transit capable is 0
External flood list length 0
Area 1
Number of interfaces in this area is 1
! It is a NSSA area
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm last executed 11:38:13.368 ago
SPF algorithm executed 3 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 7. Checksum Sum 0x050CF7
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0

Example OSPF NSSA Area with RFC 3101 Disabled and RFC 1587 Active
In the following example, the output for the show ip ospf and show ip ospf database nssa commands is
for an OSPF NSSA area where RFC 3101 is disabled, RFC 1587 is active, and an NSSA ABR router is
configured as a forced NSSA LSA translator. As described in the "Configuring OSPF NSSA", if RFC 3101
is disabled, the forced NSSA LSA translator remains inactive. The command output demonstrates this.

Router# show ip ospf

30
Example OSPF NSSA Area with RFC 3101 Disabled and RFC 1587 Active
Configuration Examples for OSPF

Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 10.0.2.1

Start time: 00:00:25.512, Time elapsed: 00:01:02.200
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Supports area transit capability
Supports NSSA (compatible with RFC 1587)
Event-log enabled, Maximum number of events: 1000, Mode: cyclic
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Incremental-SPF disabled
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Number of external LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of areas in this router is 1. 0 normal 0 stub 1 nssa
Number of areas transit capable is 0
External flood list length 0
IETF NSF helper support enabled
Cisco NSF helper support enabled
Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps
Area 1
Number of interfaces in this area is 1
It is a NSSA area
Configured to translate Type-7 LSAs, inactive (RFC3101 support
disabled)
Area has no authentication
SPF algorithm last executed 00:00:07.160 ago
SPF algorithm executed 3 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 3. Checksum Sum 0x0245F0
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0

The "Supports NSSA (compatible with RFC 1587)" line in the output indicates that RFC 1587 is active or
that the OSPF NSSA area is RFC 1587 compatible.
The "Configured to translate Type-7 LSAs, inactive (RFC3101 support disabled)" line indicates that the
OSPF NSSA area has an ABR router configured to act as a forced translator of Type 7 LSAs, but it is
inactive because RFC 3101 is disabled.

Router2# show ip ospf database nssa

Router Link States (Area 1)
LS age: 28
Options: (No TOS-capability, DC)
LS Type: Router Links
Link State ID: 10.0.2.1
Advertising Router: 10.0.2.1
LS Seq Number: 80000004
Checksum: 0x5CA2
Length: 36
Area Border Router
AS Boundary Router
Unconditional NSSA translator
Number of Links: 1
Link connected to: a Stub Network
(Link ID) Network/subnet number: 192.0.2.5
(Link Data) Network Mask: 255.255.255.0
Number of MTID metrics: 0
TOS 0 Metrics: 10

31
 Examples OSPF Routing and Route Redistribution
Basic OSPF Configuration Examples

The "Unconditional NSSA translator" line indicates that the status of the NSSA ASBR router is as a forced
NSSA LSA translator.

Examples OSPF Routing and Route Redistribution

OSPF typically requires coordination among many internal routers, ABRs, and ASBRs. At a minimum,
OSPF-based routers can be configured with all default parameter values, with no authentication, and with
interfaces assigned to areas.
Three types of examples follow:
• The first is a simple configuration illustrating basic OSPF commands.
• The second example illustrates a configuration for an internal router, ABR, and ASBRs within a
single, arbitrarily assigned, OSPF autonomous system.
• The third example illustrates a more complex configuration and the application of various tools
available for controlling OSPF-based routing environments.
• Basic OSPF Configuration Examples, page 32
• Basic OSPF Configuration for Internal Router for ABR and ASBRs Example, page 32
• Complex Internal Router with ABR and ASBRs Example, page 33
• Complex OSPF Configuration for ABR Examples, page 36

Basic OSPF Configuration Examples

The following example illustrates a simple OSPF configuration that enables OSPF routing process 9000,
attaches GigabitEthernet interface 1/0/0 to area 0.0.0.0, and redistributes RIP into OSPF, and OSPF into
RIP:

interface gigabitethernet 0/1/0

ip address 10.93.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip ospf cost 1
!
interface gigabitethernet 1/0/0
ip address 10.94.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
router ospf 9000
network 10.93.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0.0.0.0
redistribute rip metric 1 subnets
!
router rip
network 10.94.0.0
redistribute ospf 9000
default-metric 1

Basic OSPF Configuration for Internal Router for ABR and ASBRs Example
The following example illustrates the assignment of four area IDs to four IP address ranges. In the example,
OSPF routing process 109 is initialized, and four OSPF areas are defined: 10.9.50.0, 2, 3, and 0. Areas
10.9.50.0, 2, and 3 mask specific address ranges, and area 0 enables OSPF for all other networks.

router ospf 109

network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 10.9.50.0
network 192.168.20.0 0.0.255.255 area 2
network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 3
network 192.168.40.0 255.255.255.255 area 0
!
! Interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 is in area 10.9.50.0:
interface gigabitethernet 0/0/0

32
Examples OSPF Routing and Route Redistribution
Complex Internal Router with ABR and ASBRs Example

ip address 192.168.10.5 255.255.255.0

!
! Interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0 is in area 2:
interface gigabitethernet 1/0/0
ip address 192.168.20.5 255.255.255.0
!
! Interface GigabitEthernet2/0/0 is in area 2:
interface gigabitethernet 2/0/0
ip address 192.168.20.7 255.255.255.0
!
! Interface GigabitEthernet3/0/0 is in area 3:
interface gigabitethernet 3/0/0
ip address 192.169.30.5 255.255.255.0
!
! Interface GigabitEthernet4/0/0 is in area 0:
interface gigabitethernet 4/0/0
ip address 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0
!
! Interface GigabitEthernet5/0/0 is in area 0:
interface gigabitethernet 5/0/0
ip address 192.168.40.12 255.255.0.0

Each network arearouter configuration command is evaluated sequentially, so the order of these
commands in the configuration is important. The Cisco IOS XE software sequentially evaluates the
address/wildcard-mask pair for each interface. See the network areacommand in the Cisco IOS IP
Routing: OSPF Command Reference for more information.
Consider the first network areacommand. Area ID 10.9.50.0 is configured for the interface on which
subnet 192.168.10.0 is located. Assume that a match is determined for GigabitEthernet interface 0/0/0.
GigabitEthernet interface 0/0/0 is attached to area 10.9.50.0 only.
The second network areacommand is evaluated next. For area 2, the same process is then applied to all
interfaces (except GigabitEthernet interface 0/0/0). Assume that a match is determined for interface
GigabitEthernet 1/0/0. OSPF is then enabled for that interface and GigabitEthernet interface 1/0/0 is
attached to area 2.
This process of attaching interfaces to OSPF areas continues for all network areacommands. Note that the
last network areacommand in this example is a special case. With this command, all available interfaces
(not explicitly attached to another area) are attached to area 0.

Complex Internal Router with ABR and ASBRs Example

33
 Examples OSPF Routing and Route Redistribution
Complex Internal Router with ABR and ASBRs Example

The following example outlines a configuration for several routers within a single OSPF autonomous
system. The figure below provides a general network map that illustrates this example configuration.

Figure 6: Sample OSPF Autonomous System Network Map

In this configuration, five routers are configured with OSPF:

• Router A and Router Bare both internal routers within Area 1.
• Router C is an OSPF ABR. Note that for Router C, Area 1 is assigned to GbE3/0/0 and Area 0 is
assigned to S0/0/0.
• Router D is an internal router in area 0 (backbone area). In this case, both network router
configuration commands specify the same area (area 0, or the backbone area).
• Router E is an OSPF ASBR. Note that BGP routes are redistributed into OSPF and that these routes
are advertised by OSPF.

34
Examples OSPF Routing and Route Redistribution
Complex Internal Router with ABR and ASBRs Example

Note You do not need to include definitions of all areas in an OSPF autonomous system in the configuration of
all routers in the autonomous system. Only the directly connected areas must be defined. In the example
that follows, routes in area 0 are learned by the routers in area 1 (Router A and Router B) when the ABR
(Router C) injects summary LSAs into area 1.

The OSPF domain in BGP autonomous system 109 is connected to the outside world via the BGP link to
the external peer at IP address 10.0.0.6. Example configurations follow.
Following is the sample configuration for the general network map shown in the figure above.

Router A Configuration--Internal Router

interface gigabitethernet 1/0/0

ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
router ospf 1
network 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1

Router B Configuration--Internal Router

interface gigabitethernet 2/0/0

ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
router ospf 202
network 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 1

Router C Configuration--ABR

interface gigabitethernet 3/0/0

ip address 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0
interface serial 0/0/0
ip address 192.168.2.3 255.255.255.0
router ospf 999
network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router D Configuration--Internal Router

interface gigabitethernet 4/0/0

ip address 10.0.0.4 255.0.0.0
interface serial 1/0/1
ip address 192.168.2.4 255.255.255.0
router ospf 50
network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0

Router E Configuration--ASBR

interface gigabitethernet 5/0/0

ip address 10.0.0.5 255.0.0.0
interface serial 2/0/1
ip address 172.16.1.5 255.255.255.0
router ospf 65001
network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
redistribute bgp 109 metric 1 metric-type 1
router bgp 109
network 192.168.0.0
network 10.0.0.0
neighbor 172.16.1.6 remote-as 110

35
 Examples OSPF Routing and Route Redistribution
Complex OSPF Configuration for ABR Examples

Complex OSPF Configuration for ABR Examples

The following example configuration accomplishes several tasks in setting up an ABR. These tasks can be
split into two general categories:
• Basic OSPF configuration
• Route redistribution
The specific tasks outlined in this configuration are detailed briefly in the following descriptions. The
figure below illustrates the network address ranges and area assignments for the interfaces.

Figure 7: Interface and Area Specifications for OSPF Example Configuration

The basic configuration tasks in this example are as follows:

• Configure address ranges for GigabitEthernet interface 0/0/0 through GigabitEthernet interface 3/0/0.
• Enable OSPF on each interface.
• Set up an OSPF authentication password for each area and network.
• Assign link-state metrics and other OSPF interface configuration options.
• Create a stub area with area ID 10.0.0.0. (Note that the authentication and stub options of the area
router configuration command are specified with separate area command entries, but can be merged
into a single area command.)
• Specify the backbone area (area 0).
Configuration tasks associated with redistribution are as follows:
• Redistribute IGRP and RIP into OSPF with various options set (including metric-type, metric, tag,
and subnet).
• Redistribute IGRP and OSPF into RIP.
The following is an example OSPF configuration:

interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

ip address 192.42.110.201 255.255.255.0
ip ospf authentication-key abcdefgh
ip ospf cost 10
!

36
 Examples Route Map
Complex OSPF Configuration for ABR Examples

interface gigabitethernet 1/0/0

ip address 172.19.251.202 255.255.255.0
ip ospf authentication-key ijklmnop
ip ospf cost 20
ip ospf retransmit-interval 10
ip ospf transmit-delay 2
ip ospf priority 4
!
interface gigabitethernet 2/0/0
ip address 172.19.254.2 255.255.255.0
ip ospf authentication-key abcdefgh
ip ospf cost 10
!
interface gigabitethernet 3/0/0
ip address 10.56.0.0 255.255.0.0
ip ospf authentication-key ijklmnop
ip ospf cost 20
ip ospf dead-interval 80

In the following configuration, OSPF is on network 172.16.0.0:

router ospf 201

network 10.10.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 10.10.0.0
network 192.42.110.0 0.0.0.255 area 192.42.110.0
network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0
area 0 authentication
area 10.10.0.0 stub
area 10.10.0.0 authentication
area 10.10.0.0 default-cost 20
area 192.42.110.0 authentication
area 10.10.0.0 range 10.10.0.0 255.0.0.0
area 192.42.110.0 range 192.42.110.0 255.255.255.0
area 0 range 172.16.251.0 255.255.255.0
area 0 range 172.16.254.0 255.255.255.0
redistribute igrp 200 metric-type 2 metric 1 tag 200 subnets
redistribute rip metric-type 2 metric 1 tag 200

In the following configuration, IGRP autonomous system 200 is on 192.0.2.1:

router igrp 200

network 172.31.0.0
!
! RIP for 192.168.110
!
router rip
network 192.168.110.0
redistribute igrp 200 metric 1
redistribute ospf 201 metric 1

Examples Route Map

The examples in this section illustrate the use of redistribution, with and without route maps. Examples
from both the IP and Connectionless Network Service (CLNS) routing protocols are given.
The following example redistributes all OSPF routes into IGRP:

router igrp 109

redistribute ospf 110

The following example redistributes RIP routes with a hop count equal to 1 into OSPF. These routes will be
redistributed into OSPF as external LSAs with a metric of 5, a metric type of Type 1, and a tag equal to 1.

router ospf 109

redistribute rip route-map rip-to-ospf
!
route-map rip-to-ospf permit
match metric 1
set metric 5

37
 Examples Route Map
Complex OSPF Configuration for ABR Examples

set metric-type type1

set tag 1
The following example redistributes OSPF learned routes with tag 7 as a RIP metric of 15:

router rip
redistribute ospf 109 route-map 5
!
route-map 5 permit
match tag 7
set metric 15
The following example redistributes OSPF intra-area and interarea routes with next hop routers on serial
interface 0 into BGP with an INTER_AS metric of 5:

router bgp 109

redistribute ospf 109 route-map 10
!
route-map 10 permit
match route-type internal
match interface serial 0
set metric 5
The following example redistributes two types of routes into the integrated IS-IS routing table (supporting
both IP and CLNS). The first type is OSPF external IP routes with tag 5; these routes are inserted into
Level 2 IS-IS link state packets (LSPs) with a metric of 5. The second type is ISO-IGRP derived CLNS
prefix routes that match CLNS access list 2000; these routes will be redistributed into IS-IS as Level 2
LSPs with a metric of 30.

router isis
redistribute ospf 109 route-map 2
redistribute iso-igrp nsfnet route-map 3
!
route-map 2 permit
match route-type external
match tag 5
set metric 5
set level level-2
!
route-map 3 permit
match address 2000
set metric 30
With the following configuration, OSPF external routes with tags 1, 2, 3, and 5 are redistributed into RIP
with metrics of 1, 1, 5, and 5, respectively. The OSPF routes with a tag of 4 are not redistributed.

router rip
redistribute ospf 109 route-map 1
!
route-map 1 permit
match tag 1 2
set metric 1
!
route-map 1 permit
match tag 3
set metric 5
!
route-map 1 deny
match tag 4
!
route map 1 permit
match tag 5
set metric 5
In the following configuration, a RIP learned route for network 192.89.0.0 and an ISO-IGRP learned route
with prefix 49.0001.0002 will be redistributed into an IS-IS Level 2 LSP with a metric of 5:

router isis

38
 Example Changing OSPF Administrative Distance
Complex OSPF Configuration for ABR Examples

redistribute rip route-map 1

redistribute iso-igrp remote route-map 1
!
route-map 1 permit
match ip address 1
match clns address 2
set metric 5
set level level-2
!
access-list 1 permit 192.168.0.0 0.0.255.255
clns filter-set 2 permit 49.0001.0002...
The following configuration example illustrates how a route map is referenced by the default-information
router configuration command. This type of reference is called conditional default origination. OSPF will
originate the default route (network 0.0.0.0) with a Type 2 metric of 5 if 192.222.0.0 is in the routing table.

Note Only routes external to the OSPF process can be used for tracking, such as non-OSPF routes or OSPF
routes from a separate OSPF process.

route-map ospf-default permit

match ip address 1
set metric 5
set metric-type type-2
!
access-list 1 permit 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
!
router ospf 109
default-information originate route-map ospf-default

Example Changing OSPF Administrative Distance

The following configuration changes the external distance to 200, making it less trustworthy. The figure
below illustrates the example.
Figure 8: OSPF Administrative Distance

39
 Example OSPF over On-Demand Routing
Complex OSPF Configuration for ABR Examples

Router A Configuration

router ospf 1
redistribute ospf 2 subnet
distance ospf external 200
!
router ospf 2
redistribute ospf 1 subnet
distance ospf external 200

Router B Configuration

router ospf 1
redistribute ospf 2 subnet
distance ospf external 200
!
router ospf 2
redistribute ospf 1 subnet
distance ospf external 200

Example OSPF over On-Demand Routing

The following configuration allows OSPF over an on-demand circuit, as shown in the figure below. Note
that the on-demand circuit is defined on one side only (BRI 0 on Router A); it is not required to be
configured on both sides.

Figure 9: OSPF over On-Demand Circuit

Router A Configuration

username RouterB password 7 060C1A2F47

isdn switch-type basic-5ess
ip routing
!
interface TokenRing0
ip address 192.168.50.5 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
!
interface BRI0
no cdp enable
description connected PBX 1485
ip address 192.168.45.30 255.255.255.0
encapsulation ppp
ip ospf demand-circuit
dialer map ip 140.10.10.6 name RouterB broadcast 61484
dialer-group 1
ppp authentication chap
no shutdown
!
router ospf 100
network 192.168.45.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 192.168.45.50 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit

40
 Example LSA Group Pacing
Additional References

Router B Configuration

username RouterA password 7 04511E0804

isdn switch-type basic-5ess
ip routing
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
ip address 192.168.50.16 255.255.255.0
no shutdown
!
interface BRI0
no cdp enable
description connected PBX 1484
ip address 192.168.45.17 255.255.255.0
encapsulation ppp
dialer map ip 192.168.45.19 name RouterA broadcast 61485
dialer-group 1
ppp authentication chap
no shutdown
!
router ospf 100
network 192.168.45.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 192.168.45.50 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit

Example LSA Group Pacing

The following example changes the OSPF pacing between LSA groups to 60 seconds:

router ospf
timers pacing lsa-group 60

Example Block LSA Flooding

The following example prevents flooding of OSPF LSAs to broadcast, nonbroadcast, or point-to-point
networks reachable through GigabitEthernet interface 0/0/0:

interface gigabitethernet 0/0/0

ip ospf database-filter all out
The following example prevents flooding of OSPF LSAs to point-to-multipoint networks to the neighbor at
IP address 10.10.10.45:

router ospf 109

neighbor 10.10.10.45 database-filter all out

Example Ignore MOSPF LSA Packets

The following example configures the router to suppress the sending of syslog messages when it receives
MOSPF packets:

router ospf 109

ignore lsa mospf

Additional References
The following sections provide references related to OSPF. To locate documentation of commands other
than OSPF commands, use the command reference master index or search online.

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 Example Ignore MOSPF LSA Packets
Additional References

Related Documents

Related Topic Document Title

Cisco IOS commands Cisco IOS Master Commands List, All Releases

OSPF commands Cisco IOS IP Routing: OSPF Command Reference

Protocol-independent features that work with OSPF "Configuring IP Routing Protocol-Independent

Features"

Standards

Standard Title
No new or modified standards are supported, and --
support for existing standards has not been
modified.

MIBs

MIB MIBs Link

No new or modified MIBs are supported, and To locate and download MIBs for selected
support for existing MIBs has not been modified. platforms, Cisco IOS XE releases, and feature sets,
use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following
URL:
http://www.cisco.com/go/mibs

RFCs

RFC Title
RFC 1253 OSPF Version 2 Management Information Base,
August 1991.

RFC 1587 The OSPF NSSA Option, March 1994

RFC 1793 Extending OSPF to Support Demand Circuits, April

1995

RFC 2328 OSPF Version 2, April 1998

RFC 3101 The OSPF NSSA Option, January 2003

Technical Assistance

Description Link
The Cisco Support and Documentation website http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/support/
provides online resources to download index.html
documentation, software, and tools. Use these

42
 Example Ignore MOSPF LSA Packets
Feature Information for OSPF

Description Link
resources to install and configure the software and
to troubleshoot and resolve technical issues with
Cisco products and technologies. Access to most
tools on the Cisco Support and Documentation
website requires a Cisco.com user ID and
password.

Feature Information for OSPF

The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module.
This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software
release train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that
feature.
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support.
To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

Table 1: Feature Information for OSPF

Feature Name Releases Feature Information

OSPF Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1 OSPF is an IGP developed by the
OSPF working group of the
IETF. Designed expressly for IP
networks, OSPF supports IP
subnetting and tagging of
externally derived routing
information. OSPF also allows
packet authentication and uses IP
multicast when sending and
receiving packets.

OSPF Flooding Reduction Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1 The OSPF flooding reduction
solution works by reducing
unnecessary refreshing and
flooding of already known and
unchanged information. This
feature is documented in the
following section:

OSPF Not-So-Stubby Areas Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1 OSPF NSSA is a nonproprietary
extension of the existing OSPF
stub area feature. This feature is
documented in the following
sections:

OSPF On Demand Circuit Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1 OSPF on-demand circuit is an
enhancement to the OSPF
protocol that allows efficient

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 Example Ignore MOSPF LSA Packets

Feature Name Releases Feature Information

operation over on-demand
circuits such as ISDN and dialup
lines. This feature is documented
in the following sections:

OSPF Packet Pacing Cisco IOS XE Release 2.1 OSPF update packets are
automatically paced so they are
not sent less than 33 milliseconds
apart. This feature is documented
in the following section:

OSPF-Demand Circuit Disable Cisco IOS XE Release 3.2S The ignore keyword was added
to the ip ospf demand-circuit
command, allowing you to
prevent an interface from
accepting demand-circuit requests
from other routers.

OSPF Support for NSSA RFC Cisco IOS XE Release 3.3S This feature adds support for the
3101 OSPF NSSA specification
described by RFC 3101. RFC
3101 replaced RFC 1587 and is
backward compatible with RFC
1587.
The following commands were
introduced or modified: area
nssa translate , compatible
rfc1587.

Cisco and the Cisco Logo are trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and other
countries. A listing of Cisco's trademarks can be found at www.cisco.com/go/trademarks. Third party
trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not
imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (1005R)
Any Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and phone numbers used in this document are not intended to be
actual addresses and phone numbers. Any examples, command display output, network topology diagrams,
and other figures included in the document are shown for illustrative purposes only. Any use of actual IP
addresses or phone numbers in illustrative content is unintentional and coincidental.

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