MATH 207 B.

Kuryel

03.01.2024

Final Exam / Solutions…

1. Solve the following first-order ordinary differential equation using the

transformation y  ux. :

dy y  4x

dx xy
y  ux
dy du du ux  4x (u  4)x
 xu  xu  
dx dx dx x  ux (1  u)x
du u4 u  4  u  u2 du u2  4 1u dx
x  u   x   2 du 
dx 1u 1u dx 1u u 4 x
1u 1u A B
    A  0.75, B  0.25
u  4 (u  2)(u  2) u  2 u  2
2

1 1
0.75  u2
du  0.25 
u2
du  ln x  ln c

0.75 ln(u  2)  0.25 ln(u  2)  ln x  ln c

0.75 ln(u  2)  0.25 ln(u  2)   ln x  ln c
c c
ln (u  2)0.75 (u  2)0.25   ln  (u  2)0.75 (u  2)0.25 
  x x
0.75 0.25
y  y  c
  2   2 
 x   x  x

2. Solve the following nonhomogeneous initial value problem using the characteristic
equation:

y   4y  3 cos 2t

r 2  4  0  r  2i
yh  c1 cos 2t  c2 sin 2t
y p  t( A cos 2t  B sin 2t )  At cos 2t  Bt sin 2t

y p  A cos 2t  2 At sin 2t  B sin 2t  2Bt cos 2t

y p  A cos 2t  B sin 2t  t(2 A sin 2t  2B cos 2t )

y p  2(2 A sin t  2B cos 2t )  t(4 A cos 2t  4B sin 2t )

ivp :
4 A sin 2t  4B cos 2t  3 cos 2t
4 A  0  A  0
3
4B  3  B 
4
3
y(t )  c1 cos 2t  c2 sin 2t  t sin 2t
4

1
MATH 207 B. Kuryel

3. Find the solution of the following initial value problem by Laplace transform:

y   3y  u(t  2)e4(t  2); y(0)  0

e2s
sy(s)  y(0)  3y(s) 
s4
1
y(s)  e 2s
(s  3)(s  4)
1 A B
   A  1, B  1
(s  3)(s  4) s  3 s  4
 1 1  2s
y(s)    e  u(t  2) e 3(t  2)  e 4(t  2) 
 s  3 s  4   

4. Solve the following first-order linear initial value problem system by Laplace
transform:

 1
0 4
x   4  x; x(0)   
  1
1 0 

1
sx1 (s)  4  x
4 2
sx2 (s)  1  x1 (s)


x1s = (16*s - 1)/(4*s^2 - 1)

x2s = -(4*(s - 4))/(4*s^2 - 1)

x1 = 2.2500*exp(-0.5000*t) + 1.7500*exp(0.5000*t)

x2 = 3.5000*exp(0.5000*t) - 4.5000*exp(-0.5000*t)

2
MATH 207 B. Kuryel

5. Find the series solution of the following ordinary differential equation computing the
first four terms:

(4  x2 )y   y  0

 
(4  x 2 )  an nx n  1   an x n 0
n 1 n9
  
 4an nx n 1   an nx n 1   an x n 0
n 1 n 1 n0
S1 S2

k  n  1  n  k  1

S1 : n  1  k  0
n    k  

 
S1   4ak 1 (k  1)x k k n
  S1   4an 1 (n  1)x n
k 0 n0
k  n  1  n  k  1

S2 : n  1  k  2
n    k  

 
S2   ak 1 (k  1)x k k n
  S2   an 1 (n  1)x n
k 2 n 2
  
 4an 1 (n  1)x n   an 1 (n  1)x n   an x n 0
n0 n 2 n0
  
4a1  8a2 x   4an 1 (n  1)x n   an 1 (n  1)x n  a0  a1 x   an x n 0
n 2 n 2 n 1

(a0  4a1 )  (a1  8a2 )x   4an 1 (n  1)  an 1 (n  1)  an  x n 0
n 2
1
a0  4a1  0  a1   a
4 0
1 1
a1  8a2  0  a2   a1  a
8 32 0
an  1 (n  1)  an
4an  1 (n  1)  an  1 (n  1)  an  0  an  1 
4(n  1)
a1 (2  1)  a2 3
n  2  a3   a
4(2  1) 128 0
 1 1 2 3 
y(x)  a0  a1 x  a2 x 2  a0 1  x  x  x3  
 4 32 128 

—///—