Scribd
Upload
67 views4 pages

Turning Effect of Forces

The document discusses key concepts related to moments and equilibrium including: 1) A moment is the product of a force and its perpendicular distance from the pivot. The sum of clockwise moments must equal the sum of anti-clockwise moments for a system to be in equilibrium. 2) There are three types of equilibrium - stable, unstable, and neutral. Stable equilibrium occurs when an object returns to its original position after a disturbance. Unstable equilibrium occurs when a disturbance causes the object to topple over. 3) An object's center of gravity can be found by suspending it from three different points and marking the intersection of lines drawn below it. The stability of an object depends on the position of its

Uploaded by

mohid aleem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
67 views4 pages

Turning Effect of Forces

The document discusses key concepts related to moments and equilibrium including: 1) A moment is the product of a force and its perpendicular distance from the pivot. The sum of clockwise moments must equal the sum of anti-clockwise moments for a system to be in equilibrium. 2) There are three types of equilibrium - stable, unstable, and neutral. Stable equilibrium occurs when an object returns to its original position after a disturbance. Unstable equilibrium occurs when a disturbance causes the object to topple over. 3) An object's center of gravity can be found by suspending it from three different points and marking the intersection of lines drawn below it. The stability of an object depends on the position of its

Uploaded by

mohid aleem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Moments:

The moment of a force is the product of the force and the perpendicular distance from
the pivot to the line of action of the force.

Moment of force = Force × Distance

SI unit: Nm (Newton per metre)

It is a vector quantity as it has both magnitude and direction.

When more than one force acts in one direction, their overall turning effect is just the
sum of their moments.

Principal of a Moment:
For a system to be in equilibrium, the sum of the clockwise moment must be equal to
the sum of the anti-clockwise moment.

Sum of anticlockwise moment =sum of clockwise moment

F1×D1=F2×D2

Conditions Of Equilibrium:
 The resultant force acting is zero or the forces are balanced.
 The resultant moment about the pivot is zero.
Types of Equilibrium:

Stable Equilibrium:

Un Stable Equilibrium:

Neutral Equilibrium:
Centre Of Gravity:
Centre of gravity of an object is defined as the point through which weight appears to
act.

It depends on the distribution of the mass.

The centre of gravity may also lie outside the object e.g. a ring

Experiment For Finding Out The Centre Of Gravity Of


An Irregular Shaped Lamina:

 Make three holes near the edge of the lamina. The holes should be as far apart as
possible from one another.
 Suspend the lamina through one of the holes using a pin.
 Hang a plumb line on the pin in front of the lamina.
 When the plumb line is steady draw a line on the lamina over the plumbline.
 Repeat the above for other two holes.
 The point of intersection of the three lines is the position of the centre of gravity.

Precautions:
The holes should be small so that not too much of the lamina is removed.

The lamina should be free to swing about its point of suspension.

Stability:
Stability refers to the ability of the object to regain its original position after it has been
tilted slightly.

Stable equilibrium:
 Occurs when an object is placed in such a position that any disturbance effort would
raise its centre of gravity.
 The centre of gravity will still fall in its base so it returns to its original position (as an
anti clockwise moment is created as shown above by the arrow

Unstable equilibrium
 Occurs when an object is placed in such a position that any disturbance effort would
lower its centre of gravity
 The centre of gravity will no longer fall in its bade so it topples over to fall into a more
stable position ( A clockwise moment is created shown by an arrow)

Neutral equilibrium:
 Neutral equilibrium occurs when an object is placed in such a position that any
disturbance effort would not change the level of its centre of gravity.
 Thus, no such moment is created

How to determine the stability of an object:


 The area of its base should as wide as possible.
 Centre of gravity should be as low as possible.

You might also like