Adams Presidency Chart

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Presidency Chart – Adams (2nd) (1797- 1801)

Foreign Problems
Problems with France-John Adams faced problems with France, including disputes over trade and French seizure of
American ships

XYZ Affair (1797-1798)-a diplomatic incident between the United States and France in 1797-1798, where French agents
demanded bribes from American diplomats

Quasi War with France (1798 – 1800)

Adams’ Actions in response to France-Adams pursued a policy of diplomacy and military preparedness

Resolution-John Adams resolved the crisis with France through diplomacy, avoiding a full-scale war and securing peace with
the Convention of 1800.

Laws Passed: Alien and Sedition Acts Reaction of Democrat-Republicans: Kentucky and Virginia
Resolutions

Alien and Alien Enemies Act- allowed the government to The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions were responses by
deport or imprison foreign nationals deemed a threat to the the Democratic-Republicans to the Alien and Sedition Acts.
United States during times of war. These resolutions argued for states' rights and asserted the
power of states to nullify unconstitutional federal laws
Sedition Act-made it a crime to criticize the government, within their borders. They represented a strong opposition
aimed at silencing opposition to the Federalist administration. to Federalist policies and emphasized the importance of
limiting federal authority.
Naturalization Act-extended the residency requirement for
U.S. citizenship from 5 to 14 years.

Election of 1800 “Midnight Judges”


The Election of 1800 was a contentious presidential election in The term "Midnight Judges" refers to a group of federal
the United States, resulting in the victory of Thomas Jefferson judges appointed by President John Adams during the final
over returning President John Adams. It marked the first days of his presidency, specifically after the Judiciary Act of
peaceful transfer of power between political parties in the 1801 was passed. These appointments were made in an
nation's history, showcasing the strength of American attempt to influence the judiciary before Thomas Jefferson,
democracy. a Democratic-Republican, assumed the presidency.

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