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Internet of Things

1. The document describes an IoT-based application developed by Shaik Rafi to remotely control the position of an antenna using an Arduino, LCD display, and stepper motor. 2. It then discusses how digital twinning can help automate industry processes. United Technologies and GE are using digital twins to increase reliability, reduce risks and costs, and improve production for manufacturing assets, networks, and processes. 3. Specific examples include using process digital twins to reduce product waste by up to 75% and asset digital twins to save over $1.5 billion in maintenance costs.

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shaikrafi 13022001
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28 views5 pages

Internet of Things

1. The document describes an IoT-based application developed by Shaik Rafi to remotely control the position of an antenna using an Arduino, LCD display, and stepper motor. 2. It then discusses how digital twinning can help automate industry processes. United Technologies and GE are using digital twins to increase reliability, reduce risks and costs, and improve production for manufacturing assets, networks, and processes. 3. Specific examples include using process digital twins to reduce product waste by up to 75% and asset digital twins to save over $1.5 billion in maintenance costs.

Uploaded by

shaikrafi 13022001
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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IOT ASSIGNMENT -3

Name: Shaik Rafi


Roll No: 1602-18-733-049
1. Develop an IoT based application to change the position of the
antenna from a remote location.

CODE:
1 #include <Wire.h> //I2C Arduino Library
2 #include <LiquidCrystal.h> //LCD Library
3 #include <Stepper.h> // Include the header file
4 #define STEPS 32
5 #define addr 0x1E //I2C Address for The HMC5883
6 Stepper stepper(STEPS, 4, 6, 5, 7);// create an instance of the
stepper class using the steps
7 and pins
8 int val = 0;//setting the iniatial value for val
9 LiquidCrystal lcd(8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13);
10 //char junk;
11 //String inputString="";
12 void magnetometor()
13 {
14 int x,y,z; //triple axis data
15 //Tell the HMC what regist to begin writing data into
16 Wire.beginTransmission(addr);
17 Wire.write(0x03); //start with register 3.
18 Wire.endTransmission();
19
20 //Read the data.. 2 bytes for each axis.. 6 total bytes
21 Wire.requestFrom(addr, 6);
22 if(6<=Wire.available()){
23 x = Wire.read()<<8; //MSB x
24 x |= Wire.read(); //LSB x
25 43
26
27 y = Wire.read()<<8; //MSB y
28 y |= Wire.read(); //LSB y
29 }
30 float Pi = 3.14159; // Calculate the angle of the vector y,x
31 float heading = (atan2(y,x) * 180) / Pi; // Normalize to 0-360
32 if (heading < 0)
33 {
34 heading = 360 + heading;
35 }
36 lcd.clear();
37 lcd.setCursor(0,0);
38 lcd.print("Antenna position: ");
39 lcd.setCursor(0,2);
40 lcd.print(heading);
41 lcd.print(char(223));
42 delay(250);
43 lcd.clear();
44 if (Serial.available()>0)
45 {
46
47 lcd.print("Turning antenna");
48 val = Serial.parseInt();
49 stepper.step(val);
50 delay(1000);
51 lcd.clear();
52 }
53 else
54 {
55 lcd.setCursor(0,0);
56 lcd.print("Antenna position: ");
57 lcd.setCursor(0,2);
58 44
59 lcd.print(heading);
60 lcd.print(char(223));
61 }
62 }
63 void scroller()
64 {
65 lcd.setCursor(0,0);
66 lcd.print("SECTOR ANTENNA");
67 lcd.setCursor(0,2);
68 lcd.print("POSITIONER..");
69 // scroll 13 positions (string length) to the left
70 // to move it offscreen left:
71 for (int positionCounter = 0; positionCounter < 13; positionCounter+
+) {
72 // scroll one position left:
73 lcd.scrollDisplayLeft();
74 // wait a bit:
75 delay(250);
76 }
77 // scroll 29 positions (string length + display length) to the right
78 // to move it offscreen right:
79 for (int positionCounter = 0; positionCounter < 29; positionCounter+
+) {
80 // scroll one position right:
81 lcd.scrollDisplayRight();
82 // wait a bit:
83 delay(250);
84 }
85 // scroll 16 positions (display length + string length) to the left
86 // to move it back to center:
87 for (int positionCounter = 0; positionCounter < 16; positionCounter+
+) {
88 // scroll one position left:
89 lcd.scrollDisplayLeft();
90 45
91 // wait a bit:
92 delay(250);
93 }
94 // delay at the end of the
95
96 delay(5000);
97 lcd.clear();
98 }
99 void setup()
100 {
101
102 Serial.begin(9600);
103 lcd.begin(16,2);
104 scroller();
105 stepper.setSpeed(200);//set speed for the stepper motor
106 Wire.begin();//begin the I2C
107
108
109 Wire.beginTransmission(addr); //start talking
110 Wire.write(0x02); // Set the Register
111 Wire.write(0x00); // Tell the HMC5883 to Continuously Measure
112 Wire.endTransmission();
113 }
114 void loop()
115 {
116 for(;;)
117 {
118 magnetometor();//compass direction
119 }
120 }

2. Design a case study where digital twinning could help the industry
to automate things. Write a report on how United Technologies and
General Electric are utilizing this technology in their products
WHAT IS DIGITAL TWINNING?
A digital twin is a digital representation of a physical object or
system. The technology behind digital twins has expanded to include
large items such as buildings, factories and even cities, and some have
said people and processes can have digital twins, expanding the concept
even further. The idea first arose at NASA: full-scale mock-ups of
early space capsules, used on the ground to mirror and diagnose
problems in orbit, eventually gave way to fully digital simulations.
USE CASES:
These two digital-twin examples – the car and the cargo vessel – give
you a sense of potential use cases. Objects such as aircraft engines,
trains, offshore platforms, and turbines can be designed and tested
digitally before being physically produced. These digital twins could
also be used to help with maintenance operations. For example,
technicians could use a digital twin to test that a proposed fix for a
piece of equipment works before applying the fix the physical twin.

Digital-twin business applications are found in several sectors:


 Manufacturing is the area where rollouts of digital twins are
probably the furthest along, with factories already using digital
twins to simulate their processes, as this case study from Deloitte
 Automotive digital twins are made possible because cars are already
fitted with telemetry sensors but refining the technology will
become more important as more autonomous vehicles hit the road.
 Healthcare is the sector that produces the digital twins of people
we mentioned above. Band-aid sized sensors send health information
back to a digital twin used to monitor and predict a patient's well-
being.

USE OF DIGITAL TWINNING IN UNITED TECHNOLOGIES AND GE:

Digital Twin is generally defined as a software representation of a


physical asset, system or process designed to detect, prevent, predict,
and optimize through real time analytics to deliver business value. At
GE Digital, they are focused on how digital twin software can help
their customers across three core areas: Asset, Network, and Process.

The benefits they observed after using digital twin software:

1. Increased Reliability and availability


2. Reduced Risks
3. Lower Cost Maintenance
4. Improved Production
5. Faster time-to-value

OUTCOMES AND PROCESS THEY UNDERWENT:

1. Use of Process Digital Twin:

Reduce Product Waste Reduced by Up to 75%


Process Digital Twins create models of ‘the best way’ to run a
process in each environment – often referred to as ‘the golden
batch’. By identifying the most optimal process to manufacture a
given product, plant operators can ensure they are consistently
delivering against quality, cost, and volume objectives.

Through our CSense Operations Performance Management solutions,


Process Digital Twins help manufacturers meet the challenges of
fast-changing consumer demand, regulatory requirements, and looming
generation knowledge gap with results like reduced product waste by
up to 75%, quality complaints reduced by 38%, throughput increased
by 5% – 20%, and OEE increased by 10%.
2. Use of Asset Digital Twin:

Saving $1.5B In Lower Operations and Maintenance Costs


Our Smart Signal and Asset Performance Management (APM) solutions
create Digital Twins based on operational / fleet data of components
(pumps or compressors), critical assets (turbines) or systems of
assets (an entire power station).
To date, we’ve saved our customers $1.6BN through Digital Twins
real-time monitoring capabilities, and currently have 1.2m Digital
Twins of jet engines, wind-farms, off-shore oil rigs, power
generation equipment, pumps, compressors, chillers, and more.

We have more than 330 different Digital Twin ‘blueprints’ available


for customers in our analytics catalogue – it’s easier than ever to
rapidly get value from Digital Twin.

3. Use of Network Digital Twin:


Reduce Costs by Up to 30%
Digital’s ADMS, GIS, and AEMS technologies help grid operators
create a Network Digital Twin, which provides a connected view of
the end-to-end network of assets, based on real operational data.
It includes as-is, to-be, and real-time views of the network and
enables all departments to contribute and consume data that help
deliver better outcomes.

Network Digital Twin can help operators create virtual models to


better operate, analyse and optimize how the grid responds to the
impact of increasingly extreme weather, aging infrastructure, and
the growing use of renewables on the grid.

Network Digital Twins can produce cost reductions of up to 30%,


planning time reductions of up to 20%, and reduction in new build
and internal process costs up to 7%. Utilities can also
achieve field inspection and back-office productivity improvements
by as much as 8% as well as improved network asset analysis and data
accuracy.

45

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