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    Simple Machines

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    Ivander Ruben Eliezer
    This document provides an overview of simple machines for an 8th grade science class. It defines a simple machine as a device that makes work easier by changing the size of forces. It then identifies and describes the six simple machines: inclined plane, screw, wedge, lever, pulley, and wheel and axle. For each machine, examples are given and concepts like mechanical advantage are explained. The goal is for students to understand what simple machines are, how they work, and how they can help perform tasks more easily.

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    Simple Machines

    Uploaded by

    Ivander Ruben Eliezer
    30 views20 pages
    This document provides an overview of simple machines for an 8th grade science class. It defines a simple machine as a device that makes work easier by changing the size of forces. It then identifies and describes the six simple machines: inclined plane, screw, wedge, lever, pulley, and wheel and axle. For each machine, examples are given and concepts like mechanical advantage are explained. The goal is for students to understand what simple machines are, how they work, and how they can help perform tasks more easily.

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    Simple Machines (1)

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    This document provides an overview of simple machines for an 8th grade science class. It defines a simple machine as a device that makes work easier by changing the size of forces. It then identifies and describes the six simple machines: inclined plane, screw, wedge, lever, pulley, and wheel and axle. For each machine, examples are given and concepts like mechanical advantage are explained. The goal is for students to understand what simple machines are, how they work, and how they can help perform tasks more easily.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppsx, pdf, or txt
    30 views20 pages

    Simple Machines

    Uploaded by

    Ivander Ruben Eliezer
    This document provides an overview of simple machines for an 8th grade science class. It defines a simple machine as a device that makes work easier by changing the size of forces. It then identifies and describes the six simple machines: inclined plane, screw, wedge, lever, pulley, and wheel and axle. For each machine, examples are given and concepts like mechanical advantage are explained. The goal is for students to understand what simple machines are, how they work, and how they can help perform tasks more easily.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPSX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppsx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Science Grade 8

    SIMPLE MACHINES
    Learning Objectives
    • Understand what a simple machine is and
    how would it help to make work easier
    • Identify six types of simple machines
    • Understand the moment of force in lever
    and calculate the moment of force to solve
    the problem related to the topic
    • Describe inclined planes and calculate the
    mechanical advantages of inclined planes
    • Identify three types of pulley and calculate
    its mechanical advantage
    What is simple machine?
    • We all do work in our daily lives
    • Human’s goal : doing work in an easier way
    • To achieve that goal  using simple machine
    Simple machine is…
    • A device or tool that
    make human’s work
    easier
    • It changes the size of
    forces, allowing people
    to do work with less
    muscle effort and
    greater speed
    The 6 Simple Machines
    Inclined Plane Screw Wedge

    Lever Pulley Wheel and Axle


    INCLINED PLANE
    • An inclined plane is a flat surface
    that is higher on one end
    • It is used to make it easier to move a
    weight from a lower to a higher spot

    • Example : stairs, escalators, ramp,


    ship’s plank
    Which of these inclined plane can be used
    to move the cart easier?
    Which of these inclined plane can be used
    to move the cart easier?
    Inclined Plane -
    Mechanical Advantage

    MA =
    MECHANICAL ADVANTAGES?
    LEVER
    A lever is a stiff bar or rod that rests on a support called a fulcrum

    A lever is used to push, pull, or lift things


    There are 3 types or classes of lever
    First Class Lever

    Fulcrum is between E (effort) and R (load/resistance force)

    MA =
    Second Class Lever

    R (load) is between fulcrum and E (effort)

    MA =
    Second Class Lever
     Examples of
    second-class
    levers include
    nut crackers,
    wheel barrows,
    door handle,
    and bottle
    openers.
    Third Class Lever

    E (effort) is between fulcrum and R (load)

    MA =
    Third Class Lever
     Examples of
    third-class
    levers include
    tweezers, arm,
    hammers, and
    shovels.
    WHEEL AND AXLE
    • It consists of a large
    wheel rigidly attached
    to a small wheel (the
    axle)
    • When one part turns
    the other also does
    • Fan blades are
    attached to the
    wheel. When the axle
    turns, the fan blades
    spin.
    • The mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle is the ratio of
    the radius of the wheel to the radius of the axle

    5
    1

    • The radius of the wheel is five times larger than the radius of
    the axle. Therefore, the mechanical advantage is 5:1 or 5

    Bicycle wheels Roller skates

    Door knob
    SCREW
    A screw is an incline planed wrapped around a
    cylinder or cone

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