Determine the different historical periods in

the Philippines that can be associated with

the development of Philippine literature.
Understand and appreciate the literary texts
in each literary period
Perform a song that reflects a particular
literary period.
It refers to written works of
It encompasses various
imaginative, artistic, or
forms of written
intellectual value, typically
expression, such as novels,
characterized using
poems, plays, essays, short
language to convey ideas,
stories, and other literary
emotions, and
works.
experiences.
1. Literature can provide enjoyment and pleasure to
readers through engaging stories, complex
characters, and beautiful language.
2. Literature can teach readers about different
cultures, time periods, and perspectives,
expanding their knowledge and understanding of
the world.
3. Literature can encourage readers to reflect on
their own experiences and beliefs, prompting
self-discovery and personal growth.
4. Literature can serve as a medium for social
criticism, addressing issues such as inequality,
injustice, and oppression.
5. Literature can document and preserve the history,
traditions, and values of different cultures and
societies, providing insight into the past.
6. Literature can be appreciated for its beauty and
artistic value, inspiring readers with its language,
imagery, and symbolism.
 Our forefathers already had their
literature, which reflected in their customs
and traditions. They had their alphabet even
before they had colonized.
Folktales. These are made up of stories about
life, adventure, love, horror, and humor where
one can derive lessons about life. An example
of this is “The Sun and the Moon.”
Epics. Epics are long narrative poems in
which a series of heroic achievements or
events, usually of a hero, are dealt with at
length.
 Folk Songs. These are one of the oldest forms of
Philippine literature that emerged in the pre-
Spanish period. These songs mirrored the early
forms of culture. Many of these have 12 syllables.
Examples of which are Kundiman, Kumintang o
Tagumpay, Ang Dalit o Imno, Ang Oyayi o Hele,
Diana, Soliraning and Talindaw.
 Spanish Influences on
Philippine Literature
 The first Filipino alphabet, called
Baybayin, was replaced by the
Roman alphabet. Also, the
teachings of Doctrina Christiana
became the basis of religious
practices. European legends and
traditions brought here became
assimilated in our songs, corridos,
and moro-moros.
 Folk Songs
 It manifests the artistic
feelings of the Filipinos
and shows their innate
appreciation for and love
of beauty. The examples
are Leron-Leron Sinta,
Pamulinawen, Dandansoy,
Sarong Banggi, and Atin
Cu Pung Sing-sing.
Recreational Plays
 There are many recreational
plays performed by Filipinos
during the Spanish times.
Almost all of them were in a
poetic form such Cenaculo,
Panunuluyan, Salubong and
Zarzuela.
 In 19th Century, Filipino intellectuals educated in Europe
called ilustrados began to write about the hitch of
colonization.
Some of Rizal’s writings: Noli Me Tangere, Mi Ultimo
Adios, Sobre La Indolencia Delos Filipinos and Filipinas
Dentro De Cien Aňos.
Some of Del Pilar’s writings: Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang
Lupa (Love of Country), Kaingat Kayo (Be Careful), and
Dasalan at Tocsohan (Prayers and Jokes).
 “Aba ginoong barya, nakapupuno ka ng
alkansiya, ang prayle ay sumasainyo.
Bukod ka niyang pinagpala’t higit sa lahat,
pinagpala naman ang kaban mong
mapasok. Santa Barya, Ina ng Deretsos,
ipanalangin mo kaming huwag anitan
ngayon at kami ipapatay. Siya nawa.”
Some of Jaena’s writings:
Ang Fray Botod, La Hija Del
Fraile (The Child of the Friar),
and Everything is Hambug
(Everything is mere show), Sa
Mga Pilipino...1891, and
Talumpating Pagunita Kay
Kolumbus (An Oration to
Commemorate Columbus).
 The literary genres that flourished during the
American Period were poetry, sarswela, short story,
and the novel. Poetry was written in the three
languages - Filipino, Spanish, English, and in the
different dialects.
 Some of the known poets during the American
period were Maximo Kalaw, Carlos P. Romulo, Maria
Agoncillo, Paz Marquez Benitez, Salvador P. Lopez,
Jose Garcia Villa, Carlos Bulosan, and many others.
PHILIPPINE LITERATURE
DURING THE JAPANESE
PERIOD (1941–1945)
 Between 1941-1945,
Philippine Literature was
interrupted in its
development when another
foreign country, Japan,
conquered the Philippines.
Philippine literature in
English came to a halt.
Except for the TRIBUNE and
the PHILIPPINE REVIEW,
almost all newspapers in
English were stopped by
the Japanese.
 Filipino Poetry During the Japanese Period. The
common theme of most poems during the Japanese
occupation was nationalism, country, love, and life in
the barrios, faith, religion, and the arts.
 Three types of poems emerged during this period:
a. Haiku , a poem of free verse that the Japanese like. It
was made up of 17 syllables divided into three lines
b. Tanaga – like the Haiku, is short, but it had measure
and rhyme, 7 syllables each line and 4 lines each
stanza.
c. Karaniwang Anyo (Usual Form)
 According to Pociano Pineda, youth
activism in 1970-72 was due to
domestic and worldwide causes.
Because of the ills of society, the youth
moved to seek reforms.
 The Literary Revolution. The youth
became vocal with their sentiments.
They demanded a change in the
government. It was manifested in the
bloody demonstrations and the
sidewalk expressions but also in
literature.
The Carlos Palanca Awards
continued to give annual
awards. Poems dealt with
patience, regard for native
culture, customs, and the
beauties of nature and
surroundings. Newspapers
donned new forms.
 Philippine literature during martial law had common
themes because the government took and controlled
all privately owned newspapers, magazines, radio,
television facilities and all other media
communications.
 Filipinos during the time of Marcos Sr. were hooked
in reading magazines and comics.
 Some of the notable works are Dekada ‘70 and
Desaparesidos of Lualhati Bautista, “The Conjugal
Dictatorship of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos” by
Primitivo Mijares, “Days of Disquiet, Nights of Rage:
The First Quarter Storm and Other Related Events”
by Jose F. Lacaba.
 After ten years of military rule and some
changes in the life of the Filipino, which
started under the New Society, Martial Rule
was at last lifted on January 2, 1981. The
Philippines became a new nation, and this;
former President Marcos called “The New
Republic of the Philippines.”
 Poems during this period of the Fourth
Republic were romantic and revolutionary.
 Many Filipino songs dealt with themes that
were true-to-life like those of grief, poverty,
aspirations for freedom, love of God, of
country and fellowmen.
POST-EDSA 1 REVOLUTION (1986-1995)
 History took another twist. Once more, the Filipino
people regained their independence, which they lost
twenty years ago. In four days from February 21-25,
1986, the so-called People Power (Lakas ng Bayan)
prevailed. In the short span of the existence of the real
Republic of the Philippines, several changes already
became evident. It was noticed in the new Filipino
songs, newspapers, speeches, and even in the
television programs. The now crony newspapers that
enjoyed an overnight increase in circulation were THE
INQUIRER, MALAYA, and the PEOPLE’S JOURNAL.
 The new trends have been
used and introduced to
meet the need and tastes
of the new generation.
21st Century learners are
demanded to be ICT
inclined to compete with
the style and format of
writing as well. New
codes or lingos are used
to add flavor in the
literary pieces produced
nowadays.