Terms of reference for the position "Business analyst"

Preface

The merchant has an empty website. He plans to sell T-shirts. The merchant wants the product to be stored in a virtual cart and
at any moment the client has the opportunity to move to it and complete the purchase. The merchant also wants his customers
to be able to pay for the order using a Visa/Mastercard card method (the method processes UAH, USD, GBP, EUR, AUD) and
also with the help of the Perfect Money electronic wallet (the wallet processes only EUR currencies and USD). For these
payment methods to become available on his website, our merchant-made integration with a payment aggregator, provided him
with 1 card payment method and 1 Perfect money payment method (funds received by the merchant after payment of an
invoice can be stored in him in 3 currencies {EUR, USD, GBP} in the personal account of the payment aggregator with which
he made the integration). Also, the merchant wants all customers to be able to pay the invoice using the methods available to
him regardless of the currencies processed by this method, i.e. a t-shirt on the site may cost 3 CAD and the customer should
be able to pay using the available methods, given that none method does not support CAD currency. In addition, the customer
expressed the following wish: “I want that after my client goes to the payment page, the entire text is displayed to him in a
language he understands.

Additional conditions
Payment methods (Visa/Mastercard and Perfect money) charge a fee for each transaction:
● Visa/Mastercard - 2%
● Perfect Money - 3%

The payment aggregator takes a commission for the conversion of 2% (including for conversion in cases when the currency
displayed by the customer on the website differs from those currencies in which he can keep a balance in his personal account
on the website of the payment aggregator)
The payment aggregator can convert any currencies on its side and send the currencies they process to the payment methods.

Task:
1. Describe the business task of this functionality (what is needed and why).
2. Describe the appearance of the virtual shopping cart (buttons, attributes, marks, links).
3. Describe the payment page that the client will see when he clicks the "Buy" button next to the product from the virtual
cart. Abstract from the requirements of payment methods on the data that must be transferred to them. You can
describe any fields and buttons to your liking, for example: “After selecting the Visa/Mastercard payment method, the
client must specify the card number... etc.”
4. Describe all possible cases related to currency conversions. All the cases that can happen if a customer wants to buy
a product in currency X using a payment method that supports currencies (X, Y, Z ...) etc.
5. Describe both positive and negative scenarios (what will happen if the customer changes his mind about buying this
product or an error occurs on the part of the payment method, which will result in the payment being unsuccessful,
etc.)
6. Describe the math (how much the product cost, how much money will go in the form of a commission to the payment
method, how much money will remain after all conversions and commissions for this operation, and how much
money our customer will receive at the final stage).

****
Тестове повинно містити:
Текстовий опис бізнес задачі
Для опису сценаріїв / flow - User story + use cases / діаграми BPMN or sequence. Для опису сторінки
чекауту простий макет у фігмі, базьзаміку etc.

Опис кнопок та інших елементів у такому форматі

 E-commerce Functionality Requirements Table (1)

Feature Requirement Objective Technical Consideration

Enable customers to Enhance user

add, review, and experience by providing Implement session management to store
Virtual
modify T-shirt flexibility and cart data and ensure it persists during the
Shopping Cart
selections before convenience during the user's browsing session.
purchase. shopping process.

Accept payments in Attract and retain an Integrate with a payment gateway that
Multi-Currency multiple currencies international customer supports multiple currencies and configure
Payment through base by facilitating easy the system to dynamically present
Support Visa/Mastercard and payments in their local currency options based on customer
Perfect Money. or preferred currency. preference or location.

Convert any
Ensure all customers Develop or integrate with a currency
Currency customer-selected
can complete conversion service that can handle real-
Conversion currency to one of
transactions smoothly, time conversion rates and fees
and the supported
regardless of the application, including a 2% conversion fee
Processing currencies and
currency used on the and respective transaction fees (2% for
Fees apply transaction
website. Visa/Mastercard, 3% for Perfect Money).
fees.

Reduce friction during

Implement language localization
Language Display the text on the checkout process
infrastructure, possibly using i18n
Localization the payment page in and enhance customer
standards, to dynamically change the
on Payment the customer's satisfaction by providing
language of the payment page based on
Page preferred language. a personalized shopping
customer preferences or browser settings.
experience.

Seamlessly connect
Establish a secure API integration with a
Simplify the payment
with a payment
Integration chosen payment aggregator that supports
process by centralizing
aggregator to handle
with Payment the required functionalities, ensuring
payments, currency currency conversion, fee
Aggregator secure data transmission and compliance
conversions, and fee application, and
applications. with financial regulations.
transaction processing
 through a single service.

Virtual Shopping Cart Design Specification Table (1)

Element Description Functionality Design Considerations

Provides a visual Ensure images are optimized for fast

Thumbnail Small preview images of
reference for the items loading without sacrificing quality.
Image the selected T-shirts.
in the cart. Use alt text for accessibility.

The name or title of the T- Helps users identify Use clear, legible fonts and provide
Product Name
shirt. the selected products. sufficient spacing.

Allows users to review Display size and color options next to

Selected size and color
Size/Color and confirm their the product name or thumbnail. Use
options for the T-shirt.
choices. color swatches when possible.

Input field or dropdown to

Enables users to Make the selector intuitive and easy
Quantity adjust the number of
change the quantity of to use. Consider touch-friendly
Selector units. Includes "+" and "-"
each item in the cart. design for mobile users.
buttons.

Display in a clear format, indicating

The price per unit of the Informs users of the the currency. Consider dynamic
Price
T-shirt. cost of each item. currency conversion for international
users.

Provides a quick Position this information clearly to

Total cost for the quantity
Subtotal overview of the cost for the right of the quantity selector or
of each item.
each line item. below the item details.

Applies updates made

Button to refresh the cart Make the button prominent and place
Update Cart to quantities or
after making changes. it near the bottom of the cart item list.
selections.
 Allows users to add
Continue Link or button to return to Position this option near the top and
more items to their
Shopping product listings. bottom of the cart for easy access.
cart.

Takes users to enter Use a contrasting color or design to

Proceed to Button to initiate the
shipping and payment make this the most prominent call to
Checkout checkout process.
information. action.

Input field for promo Include an "Apply" button and

Promotional Allows users to apply
codes or gift card provide immediate visual feedback
Code Field discounts to their cart.
numbers. on the discount applied.

Offer a way for users to input or

Estimated Section providing Helps users anticipate
change their location. Display
Shipping and estimated costs based on the total cost of their
estimates clearly and update
Taxes location. purchase.
dynamically.

Enables users to easily Use an intuitive icon, such as a trash

"Remove" link or icon
Removal Option remove unwanted can, and confirm the action to
next to each item.
items. prevent accidental removal.

Useful for items Distinguish these options visually

Wishlist/Save Option to move items out
customers might want from the removal action to avoid
for Later of the cart.
to buy later. confusion.

Place near the bottom of the cart or

Reassures customers
Icons or text indicating near the "Proceed to Checkout"
Security Marks of the security of their
secure transactions. button. Ensure compliance with
data.
security standards.

Highlights or color Provides feedback Use subtle animations or color

Visual Cues changes to updated when an item is added, changes to indicate changes without
fields. removed, or updated. distracting the user.
 Alt text for images, Ensures the cart is
Adhere to WCAG guidelines for
Accessibility keyboard navigation, accessible to all users,
accessibility. Test with various
Features screen reader including those with
assistive technologies.
compatibility. disabilities.

Design reference examples :) + цiкава стаття на тему завдання*

https://dou.ua/forums/topic/38391/

WEB

MOBILE
WEB
Basic flowchart visualizing the shopping and payment process for purchasing (1)
T-shirts, including decision points like:
- payment method selection
- currency handling
- payment success
- failure
- cancellation

Description of the buttons for the Enhanced Online T-Shirt Purchase system (2)

Element Title Action/Description

Adds the selected T-shirt to the shopping cart,

Button Add to Cart updating the user-specific database and product
inventory.

Opens the virtual shopping cart to review

Button View Cart
selected items and proceed to checkout.

Initiates the checkout process, directing the

Proceed to
Button customer to enter shipping and payment
Checkout
information.

Applies changes made to the cart, such as

Button Apply Changes quantity adjustments or currency updates, and
refreshes the cart contents.
 Allows the customer to cancel the current
Cancel transaction, removing the items from the
Button
Transaction shopping cart and recording the action in the
user-specific database.

Initiates another attempt to process the payment,

redirecting the customer to the payment page
Button Retry Payment
with options to update payment details or select
an alternative payment method.

Returns the customer to the main store page to

Button Back to Store
continue browsing products.

Provides access to customer support or help

Button Help / Support resources for assistance with the shopping
process.

Allows customers to track the status of their

Button Track Order
order once it has been placed.

Saves the current cart contents for later retrieval

Button Save Cart or sharing, storing the cart details in the user-
specific database.

Generates a link or code to share the current cart

Button Share Cart with others, facilitating group purchases or
recommendations.

Allows customers to complete the purchase

Button Guest Checkout without creating an account, expediting the
checkout process.

Button Apply Promo Opens a field for customers to enter a

Code promotional code or gift card number, applying
 discounts to the cart total.

Applies selected filters to refine product search

Button Apply Filter
results or category listings.

Allows customers to switch the language

Change
Button displayed on the website and payment page,
Language
enhancing accessibility and user experience.

Enables customers to select their preferred

Button Change Currency currency for pricing and payment, with real-time
conversion rates applied.

Use Case:
Enhanced Online T-Shirt Purchase with Full Currency and Language Support

Attribute Details

Use Case ID Test

Use Case Name Enhanced Online T-Shirt Purchase with Full Currency and Language Support

Actor Customer

The customer has internet access and can navigate to the merchant's website. The
shopping cart, checkout functionalities, and databases for product inventory, user
Preconditions sessions, financial transactions, and currency rates are operational. Payment
gateway integration for Visa/Mastercard and Perfect Money is set up and functional.
Multilingual support is enabled on the payment page.

The customer successfully completes the purchase in their preferred currency and
language, or an alternative outcome is reached based on the scenario. The
Postconditions
merchant receives the payment in their account, with all transaction details and fees
applied stored in the financial transactions database.
Trigger The customer decides to purchase a T-shirt from the merchant's website.

1. Customer selects a T-shirt, with the selection querying the product inventory
database.
2. Customer adds the T-shirt to the shopping cart, managed by a user-specific
database.
3. Customers review the cart and select their preferred currency, with the system
converting prices using the currency rates database.
4. Customer proceeds to checkout and is presented with a multilingual payment
Normal Flow page, where they choose their preferred language.
5. Customer selects a payment method, and the system applies the corresponding
transaction fees.
6. Customer enters payment details, and the payment aggregator converts the
currency if necessary, applying a conversion fee.
7. Payment is processed, transaction details and fees are logged in the financial
transactions database, and the customer receives a confirmation in their chosen
language.

A. Unsupported Currency Scenario: Customer selects a currency not directly

supported by the payment method. The payment aggregator facilitates currency
conversion, applying a 2% conversion fee.
B. Out-of-Stock Scenario: Inventory database indicates the item is out of stock,
triggering a notification to the customer in their chosen language.
Alternative Flows
C. Payment Failure Scenario: Financial transactions database logs the failed
payment attempt, and the customer is notified in their chosen language with options
to retry or change the payment method.
D. Transaction Cancellation: Customer cancels the transaction, and the action is
recorded in the user-specific database.

E. Payment Gateway or Currency Service Unavailability: System detects

unavailability and notifies the customer in their chosen language, suggesting they
retry later.
Exception Flows
F. Transaction Declined: Financial transactions database records the declined
transaction, and the customer is informed in their preferred language, with options
for alternative actions.

Inclusion Use 02A Add to Cart

Cases Involves querying and updating the product inventory and user-specific databases.
 02B Currency Conversion
Engages the currency rates database for real-time conversions and logs the
conversion fees in the financial transactions database.

02C Update Cart

Engages the user-specific database for cart content modifications.
Extension Use
02D Retry Payment
Cases
Interacts with the financial transactions database for logging retries and applies
necessary fees.

Databases must ensure data integrity and security. Multilingual support for all
Special
customer-facing pages, especially the payment page. Real-time synchronization
Requirements
between databases and the website for stock and currency rates.

Databases are reliable and capable of handling high transaction volumes.

Assumptions
Multilingual content is accurately translated and culturally appropriate.

Frequency of Database interactions and multilingual support are utilized with every customer
Use action related to product selection, cart management, checkout, and payment.

High - Ensuring currency flexibility and multilingual support is essential for the
Priority
platform's accessibility and user satisfaction.

Currency Flexibility:
1. The system supports multiple currencies for pricing and payment,
including UAH, USD, GBP, EUR, AUD, and CAD.
2. Customers can select their preferred currency from the available
options during checkout.
3. If the selected currency is CAD, the system automatically converts it
Business Rules to a supported currency for payment processing.
Payment Methods and Fees:
1. Payment methods include Visa/Mastercard and Perfect Money.
2. Visa/Mastercard transactions incur a flat 2% fee per transaction.
3. Perfect Money transactions incur a flat 3% fee per transaction.
4. The payment aggregator applies a 2% fee for currency conversions,
including conversions necessary for payment processing.
 Continuous updates and maintenance are required for currency conversion rates,
payment gateway integrations, and multilingual content to ensure accuracy and
Notes and Issues
compliance with financial regulations.

User Story: Purchasing a T-Shirt with Currency Conversion (6)

Feature: Allow customers to purchase products in their preferred currency
Scenario: Customer purchases a T-shirt listed in CAD with a Visa/Mastercard in USD

Given a customer has selected a T-shirt priced at 3 CAD

And the customer prefers to pay in USD
And the current CAD to USD conversion rate is 1 CAD = 0.75 USD (example)
And the payment aggregator charges a 2% currency conversion fee
And Visa/Mastercard charges a 2% transaction fee
When the customer proceeds to checkout
Then the system should convert 3 CAD to USD at the current rate
And apply a 2% currency conversion fee
And display the final amount in USD before fees
And apply a 2% Visa/Mastercard transaction fee on the converted amount
And display the final amount in USD after all fees
And allow the customer to complete the purchase in USD

Financial Breakdown of a Transaction (6)

Step Description Amount Currency Notes

1 Original Product Cost 3.00 CAD Price of the T-shirt listed on the website.

Assuming a conversion rate of 1 CAD = 0.75

2 Conversion to USD 2.25 USD
USD. (example)

Conversion Fee Payment aggregator charges a 2% fee for

3 -0.045 USD
Applied currency conversion (2% of 2.25 USD).
 Amount After Amount remaining after deducting the
4 2.205 USD
Conversion Fee conversion fee.

Visa/Mastercard charges a 2% fee on the

Payment Method
5 -0.0441 USD transaction amount after conversion (2% of
Commission
2.205 USD).

Final Amount
6 Received by 2.1609 USD Final amount after all deductions.
Merchant

Explanation:

Original Product Cost of The T-shirt is initially priced at 3 CAD on the merchant's website. The CAD amount
is converted to USD to facilitate the payment. The conversion rate applied here is 1 CAD = 0.75 USD,
so 3 CAD becomes 2.25 USD. The payment aggregator facilitates the currency conversion and charges
a 2% fee on the converted amount. Thus, 2% of 2.25 USD equals 0.045 USD, so the amount available
after the conversion fee is deducted from the converted amount, resulting in 2.25 USD - 0.045 USD =
2.205 USD. The chosen payment method (Visa/Mastercard in this case) charges a commission for
processing the transaction, which is another 2% fee applied on the amount after the conversion fee,
resulting in 2.205 USD * 2% = 0.0441 USD. This is the net amount that the merchant receives after all
fees and commissions are deducted from the original converted amount. After subtracting the payment
method commission from the amount after conversion fees, the merchant is left with 2.205 USD -
0.0441 USD = 2.1609 USD.

User story
Feature: Successful online T-shirt purchase
Scenario: Customer completes a T-shirt purchase successfully

Given the customer has added a T-shirt to their shopping cart

And the customer has entered valid payment information
When the customer clicks on the "Complete Purchase" button
Then the payment is processed successfully
And the customer receives a confirmation message with the order details
And the order is logged in the merchant's system for fulfillment

Negative Scenario 1
Customer Abandons Cart

Feature: Customer abandons the shopping cart

Scenario: Customer decides not to purchase the T-shirt and abandons the cart
Given the customer has added a T-shirt to their shopping cart
But decides not to proceed with the purchase
When the customer navigates away from the cart without completing the purchase
Then the system saves the cart for later recovery
And no charges are made to the customer
And the inventory is not adjusted

Negative Scenario 2
Payment Method Error

Feature: Handling payment method errors

Scenario: An error occurs with the payment method during purchase

Given the customer has added a T-shirt to their shopping cart

And the customer proceeds to checkout
And enters their payment information
But there is an error processing the payment (e.g., payment gateway down, insufficient funds, etc.)
When the customer attempts to complete the purchase
Then the system displays an error message explaining the payment issue
And prompts the customer to try a different payment method or check their payment details
And no order is created until the payment is successfully processed

Detailed Shopping & Payment Process Diagram

Here's an expanded outline for the sequence diagram:

1. Customer visits the Merchant's Website and browses T-shirts.

2. Customer selects a T-shirt, choosing size and color.
3. Customer adds the T-shirt to the Shopping Cart.
4. Customer decides to checkout and has the option to proceed as a guest or log in.
5. Customer reviews the cart, updates quantities, or removes items if necessary.
6. Customer proceeds to checkout, entering shipping details.
7. Customer is directed to the Payment Page, where they select a payment method and
currency.
8. The Payment System requests currency conversion from the Payment Aggregator if needed.
9. Customer enters payment details (card/account information).
10. Payment System authorizes the payment.
11. If authorization is successful, Payment System captures the payment.
12. Merchant's Website confirms the order and sends an order confirmation email to the
Customer.
13. In case of payment failure, Payment System informs the Customer, who can retry or change
the payment method.
Scenario for payment failure and currency conversion issues, as well as the option for the customer to
cancel the order before completing the payment.

Here's how we can expand the diagram with alternative scenarios:

1. After selecting the payment method, if the currency selected is not supported, the customer is
prompted to choose a different currency.
2. After entering payment details, if the payment authorization fails, the customer is given
options to retry the payment or choose a different payment method.
3. At any point before confirming the payment, the customer has the option to cancel the
transaction and return to the shopping cart.
In next alt. scenario where the merchant wants all customers to be able to pay in their preferred
currency using available payment methods, even if those methods do not directly support the
currency in which the product is priced (in this case, CAD), we need to incorporate a currency
conversion process into the sequence diagram. This process will ensure that when a customer
chooses to pay, the amount in CAD is converted to a currency supported by the selected payment
method before the transaction proceeds.

Here's how we can integrate this currency conversion process into the sequence:

1. After the Customer selects a payment method on the Payment Page, the Payment System
checks if the selected payment method supports CAD.
2. If CAD is not supported, the Payment System requests a currency conversion from the
Payment Aggregator.
3. The Payment Aggregator converts the amount from CAD to a supported currency and returns
the converted amount to the Payment System.
4. The Customer is informed about the conversion and proceeds with the payment in the
converted currency.
5. The rest of the payment process continues as previously outlined, with the transaction being
processed in the converted currency.