ACADEMIC YEAR 2023-2024

MARKING GUIDE FOR SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT –TERM

TWO
Year 1
APPLIED PHYSICS I (GENAP 302)
CREDITS: 10 MAXIMUM MARKS: 100

1. (a) Is the study of electric charge at rest (1 Mark)

(b) Coulomb’s law state that the force of interaction between two charges is directly
proportional to the product of charges and inversely proportional to the distance between
them (2 Mark)
K |q 1||q2|
‖⃗F E‖=
r2
Where, K is coulomb’s constant, q 1∧q 2are charge 1 and 2 respectively, r is the distance
between 2 charges
2. Given data: Q1=−86 μc ; Q2=+50 μc ; Q3=+ 65 μc ; d 1 ,2 =52cm=0.52 m and
d 2 ,3 =30 cm=0.30 m
(i) By applying the Coulomb`s law, we have two interaction forces whose equations
are:
K |Q1||Q 2| K |Q2||Q 3|
 |⃗
F 1 ,2|= 2 and |⃗
F 2 ,3|= 2
(d 1 ,2) (d 2 ,3 )

9 2 −2 −6 −6
9.0 ×1 0 N m C × 65 ×1 0 C ×50 × 10 C
→ |⃗
F 3|=
0.5
2
=325 N √
(0.3 m)
9 2 −2 −6 −6
9.0 ×1 0 N m C × 50× 1 0 C ×86 × 10 c
→|⃗
F 1|=
0.5
2
=143 N √
(0.52m)

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 We write the x and y-components of the forces and do a
vector addition to get the net force, such that:
→⃗
F 3=( 0 i^ −325 ^j ) N ∧⃗
F 1=( 143 i^ +0 ^j ) N
→⃗
F net= ⃗
F 1 +⃗
F3 =( 143 i^ +325 ^j ) N

F net|=√ ( 143 ) + ( 325 ) N =355 N √

Hence, |⃗
2 2 1

(ii) The direction of ⃗

F net:

( )
F y −325 −1 −325
tanθ= = ⇒ θ=tan =−66.25 °
F x 143 143
¿ 360−66.25=293.75 ° √ 1
3. Total current=10.3 ±0.2 (2 Marks)
4. Accuracy refers to how close a measured value is to the true or actual value of the
quantity being measured whereas Precision refers to how close repeated measurements of
the same quantity are to each other. According to the given example, the first
measurement by digital meter has more precision value and accurate whereas the second
measurement has less precision and not accurate. (2 Marks)
0.01
5. Relative error= =0.0024 (1 Mark)
4.12
Percentage error =0.0024 × 100=0.24 %(1 Mark)
6. a) Given that: ⃗ ^ ^j−2 k^ and d=2
F =−i+ ⃗ i+2
^ ^j+ k^

| |
i^ ^j k^
⃗ ⃗
F × d ¿ −1 1 −2 (1 Mark )
2 2 1

¿|12 −21 |i^ −|−12 −21 | ^j +|−12 12|k^

⇒⃗F × ⃗d=5 i−3
^ ^j−4 k^ (1 Mark)
b) The angle between ⃗F ∧d⃗
F ∙ ⃗d=Fd cos θ ⇒ θ=cos
⃗ −1 F
Fd ( )
⃗ ∙ d⃗
(0.5 Marks)

⇒ θ=cos−1
−2
3 √6( )
≈ 105.8 °(0.5 Marks)

c) The area of the parallelogram formed by ⃗ F and d⃗

‖⃗F × ⃗d‖(0.5 Marks) ⇒ Area=√ ( 5 )2 + (−3 )2 + (−4 )2 =7.07 unit (0.5 Marks)

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 F × ⃗d is perpendicular ¿ ⃗
d) ⃗ F × ⃗d ) ∙ ( ⃗
F iff ( ⃗ F )=0 (0.5 Marks)
^
⇒ ( 5 i−3 ^j−4 k^ ) ∙ ( −i+
^ ^j−2 k^ ) =−5−3+8=0

F × ⃗d is perpendicular ¿ ⃗
Thus ⃗ F (0.5 Marks)

7. Three properties of electric charge: (1) unlike charges attract and like charges repel each
other, (2) Charge is conservative (3) charge is quantized. (3 Marks)
Q
8. The Given data: =20,000C / s ; t=100 μs=100× 10−6 s
t
−6 1
i. Q= ( 20,000C /s ) ×100 ×10 s=2C √

Q 2C 19 1
ii. n= = =1.248 ×10 electrons √
e 1.602 ×10 −19

9. A conductor having many free charges allows easily the passage of the current √ 1,
whereas an insulator having a very limited number of free charges, it hardly allows the
passage of the current.√ 1
10. The sphere J will move toward K√ 1
11. √ 2

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 12.

−2 −2 −6 −6
(i) Given data: r 1=20 × 10 m, r 2=20 × 10 m, q 1=2× 10 C , q 2=3 ×10 C and
−6
q 3=4 ×10 C
9
( 2 ×10−6 C )
‖⃗E 2‖= 9 ×10 2
3
=450× 10 N /C
( 20 ×10 m )
−2

9
( 3 ×10−6 C )
‖⃗E 3‖= 9 ×10 2
=675 × 103 N /C
( 20 ×10 m)−2

E2 x =( 450 × 103 N /C ) cos 60=225 ×103 N /C

E2 y = ( 450 ×10 3 N /C ) sin 60=389.7 ×10 3 N /C

E3 x =( 675 ×103 N /C ) cos 120=−337.5× 103 N /C

E3 y =( 675 ×103 N /C ) sin 120=584.6 ×103 N /C

3 3
E x =(−337.5+225 ) ×10 N /C=−112.5 ×10 N /C
3 3
E y =( 389.7+584.6 ) ×10 N /C=974.3 × 10 N /C

√ 3 2 3 2
E= ( −112.5×10 N /C ) + ( 974.3 ×10 N /C ) =980.8 ×10 N /C √
3 1

974.3 −1
tanθ= =−9.7261⟹ θ=tan −9.7261=−83.4 °
−112.5
1
⟹ θ=180−83.4=96.6 ° √

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 (ii) F=E ×q 3 → F=( 980.8 × 103 N /C ) × 4 ×10−6 C=3.92 N √ 2
−4 2
13. Given that: A=2× 10 m ,t=2 s∧¿
dq 1
a ¿ I (t )= =10 t−4 √
dt
b ¿ At t=2 S , I ( 2 S )=10 × 2−4=16 A √1
Then I ( 2 S )=16 A
π
14. Given data: r =5 ,θ=π ,∧φ=
2
Solution: Using conversion equations:
π
x=r sin θ cos φ=5 sin π cos
2
⟹ x=0
π
y=r sin θ sin φ=5 sin π sin =0
2
⟹ y=0

z=r cos θ=5 cos π=−5

⟹ z=−5

(
Then , the point 5 , π ,
π
2 )
∈cartesian coordinateis (0 , 0 ,−5) √ 2

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 15. (a) (6 Marks)

Resistance, R(Ω ) Current, I(A) 1 1 −1

, (A )
Current I
2 0.385 2.6
4 0.250 4.0
6 0.200 5.0
8 0.150 6.7
10 0.125 8
12 0.100 10
(b) (5 Marks)

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 1o−5
(c) Slope= ≈ 0.8(2 Marks)
12−6
1
(d) E= =1.25V (2 Marks)
0.8

16. a) The gravitational force (Weight=mg) exerted by each mass if g=10 m/ s2 . (5 Marks)

Mass Displacement Weight

(kg) (m) (N)
0.1 0.02 1
0.2 0.04 2
0.3 0.06 3
0.4 0.08 4
0.5 0.10 5

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 b) Plot a graph of force (F) against displacement (x) and determine the slope of the line
on provided graph paper. (5 Marks)

c) Using Hooke's Law (F=kx), determine the spring constant (k) of the spring.
∆F 4−2
K ( Slope )= =
∆ x 0.08−0.04
¿ 50 N /m(2 Marks)
d) Different sources of error in the conducted experiment:
 Measurement Errors: Inaccuracies in measuring the extension of the
spring or the applied force can lead to errors. This might arise from
parallax while reading the scale, or limitations in the precision of
measuring instruments.
 Frictional Forces: Friction between the spring and its support or between
coils can affect the extension of the spring, leading to discrepancies in the
applied force and affecting the measured spring constant.

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  Material Elasticity: Springs might exhibit non-linear behavior at extreme
extensions, which could introduce errors in determining the spring
constant, especially if the spring is not perfectly linear.
 Environmental Factors: Changes in temperature, humidity, or air
resistance could impact the spring's behavior, affecting the accuracy of the
measurements. (2 Marks)
To improve the accuracy of determining the spring constant, several steps can be taken:
 Multiple Trials: Conduct the experiment multiple times and take the
average to reduce random errors. This improves the reliability of the
measurements.
 Calibration: Ensure the measuring instruments are calibrated properly.
Use instruments with higher precision to minimize measurement errors.
 Reduce Friction: Lubricate the spring or use a support system that
minimizes friction between the spring and its surroundings.
 Control Environmental Variables: Conduct the experiment in a
controlled environment to minimize the impact of temperature, humidity,
or air resistance on the spring's behavior. (1 Mark)

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