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Mid Term2 Marking Guide - Physics - Level 3

1) This document outlines the midterm marking guide for Applied Physics I for the 2023-2024 academic year. It contains 15 multiple choice questions covering topics like the properties of conductors, Faraday cages, electric flux, Gauss' law, electric potential, and capacitors. 2) The questions assess understanding of key physics concepts like how charge is distributed on conductors, what material Faraday cages are made of, how electric field and potential are related, and how capacitors store electrical energy. 3) Students have the option to attempt one question from Section B, with questions covering topics such as the relationship between potential difference and resistance in a circuit, and an essay discussing the principles

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21 views5 pages

Mid Term2 Marking Guide - Physics - Level 3

1) This document outlines the midterm marking guide for Applied Physics I for the 2023-2024 academic year. It contains 15 multiple choice questions covering topics like the properties of conductors, Faraday cages, electric flux, Gauss' law, electric potential, and capacitors. 2) The questions assess understanding of key physics concepts like how charge is distributed on conductors, what material Faraday cages are made of, how electric field and potential are related, and how capacitors store electrical energy. 3) Students have the option to attempt one question from Section B, with questions covering topics such as the relationship between potential difference and resistance in a circuit, and an essay discussing the principles

Uploaded by

jolieprincesseishimwe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ACADEMIC YEAR 2023-2024

MID TERM MARKING GUIDE–TERM TWO


APPLIED PHYSICS I (GENAP 302) LEVEL 3
CREDITS: 15 MAXIMUMU MARKS: 50
DATE: 28th FEBRUARY, 2024. TIME: 3 HOURS
NUMBER OF TEACHING HOURS/WEEK:4

1. Three properties of a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium: √3


➢ The electric field is zero everywhere inside the conductor.
➢ Any excess charge on an isolated conductor resides entirely on its surface.
➢ The electric field just outside a charged conductor is perpendicular to the
conductor’s surface.
➢ On an irregular shaped conductor, the charge density is greatest at sharp points.
2. What material is commonly used to construct Faraday cages? √1
(c) Aluminum
3. When exposed to an external electric field, what happens to the total electric field inside a
Faraday cage? √1
(c) It diminishes to zero
4. Electric flux is a measure of the electric field passing through a given surface. √1
5. (a)Given: 𝑟 = 0.10 𝑚, 𝜃 = 60°, ‖𝐸⃗ ‖ = 2.0 × 103 𝑁⁄𝐶
2
ф𝐸 = 2.0 × 103 𝑁⁄𝐶 ∗ 𝜋(0.10 𝑚)2 cos 60 = 31.4 𝑁𝑚2 /𝐶 √
(𝑏) 𝜃 = 90°
2
ф𝐸 = 2.0 × 103 𝑁⁄𝐶 ∗ 𝜋(0.10 𝑚)2 cos 90° = 0𝑁𝑚2 /𝐶 √

MID TERM EVALUATION OF PHYSICS_TERM TWO_ LEVEL 3 (2023-2024) Page 1


6. Gauss’ law states that the total electric flux out of any closed surface is proportional to the
total electric charge inside the surface. √1
𝑄𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑑
7. (𝑎) ∮ 𝐸⃗ . 𝑑𝐴 = 𝜀0
√1

8. Given data: 𝐷 = 1.2 𝑚, and 𝜌 = 8.1 𝜇𝐶 ⁄𝑚2


1
As 𝑄𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑙 = 𝜌𝐴 = 8.1 × 10−6 𝐶 ⁄𝑚2 × 4𝜋(0.6 𝑚)2 = 36.64 × 10−6 𝐶 √
𝑄𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑙 1 36.64 × 10−6 𝐶
→ф= √ =
𝜀𝑜 8.85 × 10−12 𝐶 2 /𝑁𝑚2
1
Then, ф = 4,140,512.622 𝑁𝑚2⁄𝐶 √
9. What is absolute electric potential? √1
b. The work done to move a unit positive charge from infinity to a point in an electric field.
10. How does electric potential energy change when a positive charge moves in the direction
of an electric field?
c. It decreases √1

11. What is an equipotential surface in the context of electric potential? √1


b. A surface where the electric potential is the same at every point.
12. How do electric field lines relate to equipotential surfaces? √1
b. Electric field lines are always perpendicular to equipotential surfaces.
c. Electric field lines always intersect equipotential surfaces at right angles.
13. Given data: 𝑄1 = 𝑄2 = 𝑄3 = −𝑒 = −1.6 × 10−19 𝐶, 𝑄3 = +1.6 × 10−19 𝐶, 𝑟2 = 𝑟3 =
𝑑 = 10−2 𝑚 and 𝑟1 = 𝑟4 = 2𝑑 = 2 × 10−2 𝑚
a) The net electric potential at the centre point can be calculated as:
𝑄 𝑄 𝑄 𝑄 1
→ 𝑉𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 = 𝑉1 + 𝑉2 + 𝑉3 + 𝑉4 and 𝑉𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 = 𝑘 𝑟1 + 𝑘 𝑟2 + 𝑘 𝑟3 + 𝑘 𝑟4 √
1 2 3 4
−19 −19 −19
−1.6 × 10 𝐶 −1.6 × 10 𝐶 1.6 × 10 𝐶 −1.6 × 10−19 𝐶 1
→ 𝑉𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 = 9 × 109 𝑁𝑚2 ⁄𝐶 2 × ( −2
+ + + ) √
2 × 10 𝑚 10−2 𝑚 10−2 𝑚 2 × 10−2 𝑚

→ 𝑉𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 = −7.2 × 10−8 𝑉 − 1.44 × 10−7 𝑉 + 1.44 × 10−7 𝑉 − 7.2 × 10−8 𝑉


1
Hence, 𝑉𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 = −1.44 × 10−7 𝑉√
1
𝑏) 𝑈 = 𝑞𝑉𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 √ = (2 × 10−9 𝐶)(−1.44 × 10−7 𝑉)
1
= 2.88 × 10−16 𝑉 √

MID TERM EVALUATION OF PHYSICS_TERM TWO_ LEVEL 3 (2023-2024) Page 2


14. How is the electric field related to the electric potential in a given region?
c. The electric field is the gradient of the electric potential √1
15. 𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑎: 𝑄𝑝 = |𝑒| = 1.6 × 10−19 𝐶, 𝑚𝑝 = 1.67 × 10−27 𝑘𝑔, 𝑑 = 15 𝑐𝑚, 𝑢 = 0, and
∆𝑉 = 80 𝑉
1
a) We know that 𝑊 = 𝑄∆𝑉 = |𝑒|∆𝑉 √
→ 𝑊 = (1.6 × 10−19 𝐶 )(80 𝑉 ) = 1.28 × 10−17 𝐽
1
Again, 𝑊 = ∆𝐾. 𝐸 = 2 𝑚(𝑣 2 − 𝑢2 ), where 𝑢 = 0

2𝑊 2 × 1.28 × 10−17 𝐽 1
→𝑣=√ =√ √
𝑚 1.67 × 10−27 𝑘𝑔
1
Hence, 𝑣 ≈ 1.24 × 105 𝑚⁄𝑠 √
∆𝑉 1 80 𝑉
b) 𝐸 = 𝑑
√ = 15×10−2

≈ 533.34 𝑉⁄𝑚 √1
Section B (Attempt only one question)

16. a) 4 Marks

MID TERM EVALUATION OF PHYSICS_TERM TWO_ LEVEL 3 (2023-2024) Page 3


b) The shape of the graph show that the potential difference is directly proportional
to the resistance. (3 Marks)
11−1
c) 𝑆𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 = 55−5 = 0.2 𝐴 (3 Marks)

The slope under Potential difference and resistance graph represents the current
17. Introduction: (1 Mark)
Capacitors, fundamental components in electronic circuits, play a crucial role in modern
electronics. This essay delves into the essential principles of capacitors, the variety of types
they come in, and their significant impact on electronic circuit design and functionality.
Fundamental Principles: (3 Marks)
At its core, a capacitor stores electrical energy in an electric field between two conductive
plates separated by a dielectric material. The fundamental principles include capacitance,
charge, voltage, and energy storage. The capacitance (C) is defined as the ratio of charge
(Q) to voltage (V), represented by the equation C=Q/V. Understanding these principles is
vital for comprehending the role capacitors play in electronic systems.
Diverse Types of Capacitors: (3 Marks)
Capacitors come in various types, each tailored for specific applications. Electrolytic
capacitors are known for high capacitance and are often used in power supply circuits.
Ceramic capacitors find applications in high-frequency circuits, while tantalum capacitors
offer stability and reliability. Supercapacitors, with their ability to store large amounts of
energy, have gained prominence in energy storage systems.
Applications in Electronic Circuits: (3 Marks)
Capacitors are indispensable in electronic circuits, serving multifaceted purposes. They act
as energy storage elements, smoothing power supplies, filtering signals, and coupling or
decoupling AC and DC components. In audio systems, capacitors are used in coupling and
filtering to enhance signal quality. In power supplies, they stabilize voltage levels, ensuring
a constant and reliable power output.
Specific Examples:
Consider the role of capacitors in a simple RC circuit. As a capacitor charges and
discharges, it influences the time constant of the circuit, affecting the behavior of the
system. In a filter circuit, capacitors selectively pass or block certain frequencies, enabling

MID TERM EVALUATION OF PHYSICS_TERM TWO_ LEVEL 3 (2023-2024) Page 4


the creation of bandpass or band stop filters. The use of capacitors in timing circuits, such
as oscillators, showcases their ability to control the frequency of electronic signals.
Impact of Advancements in Capacitor Technology:
Recent advancements in capacitor technology have revolutionized electronic devices. The
development of high-capacity capacitors and supercapacitors has enabled the creation of
compact, high-performance electronic gadgets. Supercapacitors, with their rapid charge
and discharge capabilities, find applications in electric vehicles, renewable energy systems,
and portable electronics, paving the way for a more sustainable and efficient future.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, capacitors serve as integral components in the realm of modern electronics.
Their fundamental principles, diverse types, and applications in electronic circuits
contribute significantly to the efficiency and functionality of electronic devices. The
continuous advancements in capacitor technology further propel the evolution of electronic
systems, opening new possibilities and pushing the boundaries of what is achievable in the
realm of modern electronics.

MID TERM EVALUATION OF PHYSICS_TERM TWO_ LEVEL 3 (2023-2024) Page 5

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