Scribd
Upload
38 views15 pages

TCP IP Model 1629459875

The document discusses the TCP/IP and OSI models for networking. It explains that in the TCP/IP model, communication takes place between end systems through switches and routers. It then compares this to how an airline transports people from source to destination. The document goes on to describe the layered approach taken by both models, with each layer building on the services of the layer below. It details the layers of each model, including the application, transport, network, data link and physical layers. Finally, it notes that while the OSI model was proposed earlier, the TCP/IP model is more commonly used in practice for the Internet.

Uploaded by

Arun Khatwani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
38 views15 pages

TCP IP Model 1629459875

The document discusses the TCP/IP and OSI models for networking. It explains that in the TCP/IP model, communication takes place between end systems through switches and routers. It then compares this to how an airline transports people from source to destination. The document goes on to describe the layered approach taken by both models, with each layer building on the services of the layer below. It details the layers of each model, including the application, transport, network, data link and physical layers. Finally, it notes that while the OSI model was proposed earlier, the TCP/IP model is more commonly used in practice for the Internet.

Uploaded by

Arun Khatwani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

TCP/IP AND OSI MODEL

(Video link is in the comment section)


• How does the communication take place between different devices on
internet?
• End systems(hosts), switch, routers
• How do we make the internet architecture simple?
DESCRIBE
AIRLINE
SYSTEM
ARE YOU ABLE TO CONNECT
TO COMPUTER NETWORKS?

• You are being shipped from source to


destination by the airline
• A packet is shipped from source host to
destination host in the Internet.
• We have still not been able to find a
structure.
LAYERING OF AIRLINE FUNCTIONALITY
ADVANTAGE OF LAYERED
ARCHITECTURE

• Each layer provides a service by


• Performing some actions within that layer
• Using the services of layer directly below it
• Gate layer in the airline architecture
• Modularity – break complex system into well defined modules
• Changing implementation of a layer becomes easy
• Gate layer onboards and deboards people according to their height
INTERNET PROTOCOLS

A protocol defines the format and the


order of messages exchanged between
two or more communicating entities, as
well as the actions taken on the
transmission and/or receipt of a message
or other event.
TCP/IP PROTOCOL STACK VS OSI MODEL
OSI MODEL

• Proposed in 1970s
• Protocols were still being developed
• The inventors of the original OSI model probably did not have the Internet in
mind when creating it
• But some books and training courses picked up OSI model
• Are the services provided by additional two layers unimportant?
Application Layer
• Contains protocols used by network
applications
• HTTP, SMTP, FTP
• Network functions: DNS, PING, TELNET,
DHCP
• Distributed on end systems(hosts)
• Takes help of transport layer to transfer this
data
• Protocol Data Unit(PDU) – message(request
and response)
TRANSPORT LAYER

• Transfers application layer messages between hosts


• TCP and UDP
• TCP – reliable transfer of messages
• Each networking application runs on a port
• Header: Source port and destination port
• PDU - Segment
• Takes help of the the network layer to transfer segment packet
NETWORK LAYER

• Transport layer passes the segment packet and a destination address to the network layer
• Network layer helps in delivering the segment to transport layer in the destination host.
• Unreliable
• IP protocol
• Source and destination IP address
• Routing protocols
• PDU – Datagrams
• Asks data link layer to transfer datagram from one host or router to another
Data Link Layer

• Moves a datagram from one node(host or router) to the next node on the route.
• Ethernet, WiFi and PPP
• A datagram may be handled by different link-layer protocols at different links in the
route
• Source and destination MAC address
• PDU – Frames
• Data link layer asks the physical layer to transfer the frames from one node to another
PHYSICAL LAYER

• Move individual bits within the frames from one node to next node
• Different protocols for different mediums like twisted-pair copper wire, fiber,
coaxial cable etc.
Check out LetUsDevOps channel on
Youtube for more content on
computer networking

You might also like