UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

España Blvd., Sampaloc, Manila

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering

ENG 2014 – DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Solve the following applications of differential equations.

1. A weight of 450 N falls from rest. If the resistance of the air is proportional to the speed, and if the
limiting speed is 52.5 m//s, find the speed after 5 sec.
2. A 45 N weight is projected downward with an initial speed of 4.6 m/s. If the air resistance is
proportional to the speed and if the limiting speed is double the initial speed, how fat has the body
traveled when it has reached a speed of 6 m/s?
3. A boat with its load weighs 1430 N. If the force exerted upon the boat by the motor in the direction
of the motion is equivalent to a constant force of 67 N, and if the resistance to motion is equal
numerically to twice the speed, find the speed after 10 sec. Assume the boat starts from rest.
4. A certain radioactive material follows the law of exponential change and has a half-life of 38 hours.
Find how long it takes for 90% of the radioactivity to be dissipated.
5. A thermometer reading 75°F is taken out where the temperature is 20 °F. The reading is 30 °F after
four minutes. Find a) the thermometer reading 7 minutes after the thermometer was brought
outside, and b) the time taken for the reading to drop from 75 °F to within a half degree of the air
temperature or 20.5 °F.
6. A tank contains 200 liters of fresh water. Brine containing 2.5 N/liter of dissolved salt runs into the
tank at the rate of 8 liters/min and the mixture kept uniform by stirring runs out at 4 liters/min.
Find the amount of salt when the tank contains 240 liters of brine. The concentration of salt in the
tank after 25 minutes amounts to how much?
7. Tank A initially contains 200 liters of brine containing 225 N of salt. Eight liters of fresh water per
minute enter A and the mixture, assumed uniform, passes from A to B, initially containing 200 liters
of fresh water, at 8 liters/min. The resulting mixture, also kept uniform, leaves B at the rate of 8
liters/min. Find the amount of salt in tank B after one hour.
8. A tank with horizontal sectional area constant at 10 m2 and 4 m high contains water to a depth of
3.5 m. The tank has a circular orifice 5 cm in diameter and located at its side 0.5 m above the
bottom. If the coefficient of discharge of the orifice is 0.60, find the duration of flow through the
orifice.
9. A tank in the shape of an inverted frustum of a cone has a base diameter of 2 m and a lower base
diameter of 1.5 m and a height of 2 m. A 4-cm orifice (C = 0.60) is located at the apex. Determine
the time required to empty the tank assuming that it is initially full of water.
10. A swimming pool has a gradually sloping bottom. It has a depth of 1 m at one end and a depth of
3 m at the other end. The horizontal sectional shape of the pool is a rectangle 50 m x 20 m. Two
short tubes, each 15 cm in diameter (C = 0.80), are located at the lowest level of the pool. If the
pool is initially full of water, find the time to empty the pool through the tubes.
11. A pipe, 20 cm in diameter, contains steam at 100 °C and is covered with a certain insulation 5 cm
thick. The outside temperature is kept at 40 °C. By how much should the thickness of the insulation
be increased in order that the rate of heat loss shall be decreased by 20%?
12. A pipe, 10 cm in diameter, contains steam at 100 °C. It is to be covered with two coats of insulating
material, each 2.5 cm thick; the inner with k = 0.0006 cal/cm-°C-s and the outer with k = 0.00017
cal/cm-°C-s. If the outside surface temperature is 30 °C, find the heat loss per hour from a meter
length of pipe.