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Syntax Patterns

The document describes different transitive and intransitive assertion patterns in English and Spanish, including: 1) Transitive patterns with indirect objects expressed before or after direct objects in English and Spanish. 2) Complement patterns using verbs like consider and elect taking noun phrase or prepositional phrase complements in English and Spanish. 3) Equational patterns using forms of the verb 'to be' in English and Spanish statements.

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22 views

Syntax Patterns

The document describes different transitive and intransitive assertion patterns in English and Spanish, including: 1) Transitive patterns with indirect objects expressed before or after direct objects in English and Spanish. 2) Complement patterns using verbs like consider and elect taking noun phrase or prepositional phrase complements in English and Spanish. 3) Equational patterns using forms of the verb 'to be' in English and Spanish statements.

Uploaded by

luisd8985
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IV.

Transitive Receiver Assertion Pattern

a. English

NP: Subj VPio NP: IO NP: DO

We gave him the book.

You threw her a rope.

They built him a new house.

The teacher asked me a question.

b.

NP: Subj VPio NP: DO to + NP: IO

We gave the book to her.

He threw a rope to me.

c.

NP: Subj VPio NP: DO for + NP: IO

They built a house for her.

My mother made a cake for us.


Spanish

a.

NP: Subj VPt NP: DO (para/a) + NP

Julio dio el lápiz a la profesora.

Mi mamá hizo una camisa para mí.

b.

NP: Subj Pron₂ VPt NP: DO (a + NP)

Julio le dio el lápiz (a la profesora)

Mi mamá me hizo una camisa (a mí)

c.

NP: Subj Pron₂ Pron₁ VPt (a + NP)


Pron₃

Julio se lo dio (a la profesora)

Mi mamá me la hizo (a mí)

NP: Subj Pron₃ Pron₂ VPio (a + NP)

El carro se le perdió (a la profesora)

Su apellido se me olvidó (a mí)


IV. The Complement Assertion Pattern

English

a.

NP: Subj VPtc NP: DO (to be)NP: Comp

We considered Carlos (to be) a nice boy.

You elected her (to be) president.

They believed him (to be) a good boy.

b.

NP: Subj VPtc NP: DO (to be)Adj: Comp

We considered Carlos (to be) nice.

They thought Claudia (to be) intelligent.

They believed him (to be) qualified.

c.

NP: Subj VPtc to + VPnf: Comp

The students asked to go.

The teachers wanted to leave.

They tried to study.

d.

NP: Subj VPtc NP: DO to + VPnf: Comp

We wanted him to play the guitar.

They expected us to win.


His friends dared him to swim a mile.

e.

NP: Subj VPtc NP: IO to + VPnf: Comp

Her mother advised Orlando not to put firecrackers in his


pocket.

The banned Karen to enter the sea.


lifequard

They warned their son to come early.

f.

NP: Subj VPtc VPing: Comp

The students imagined going.

The teachers anticipated winning the game.

They avoided asking.

g.

NP: Subj VPtc NP: DO Ing + VPnf: Comp


The clerk saw her going.
The neighbor heard them fighting.
Their parents imagined their baby walking.

h.

NP: Subj VPtc NP: DO VPnf: Comp

The boss watched the guest leave.

We saw the boy eat.


The neighbor heard them fight.

i.

NP: Subj VP+ be + Adj (for + NP) to + VPnf: Comp


VP-say
It is safe (for us) to go home.
The girl is too tired (for her) to do anything.
The professor said (for us) to do it.

Spanish

a.

NP: Subj VPtc (a) NP: DO NP: Comp


Ellos eligieron a Carlos presidente.
Ellas consideraban a Julia una buena mujer.

aa.

NP: Subj Pron₁ VPtc NP: Comp


Ellos lo elegieron presidente.
Ellas la consideraban una buena mujer.

b.

bb.
bbb.

c.

d.

dd.

e.
ee.

f.

ff.

g.

gg.

h.
I. Equational Assertion Pattern

a. English

a. Spanish

b. English

b. Spanish

c. English
c. Spanish

NP: Subj VP—be ADV


La reunión será a las siete.
La fiesta es en el nuevo edificio.

d. Spanish

Pron 1: Pronoun in direct object form

a. English

b. English

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