READING III – ASSIGNMENT 3

ANSWER SHEET

Name : Silvia Pitaloka Student ID Number : 044507974

Read the text carefully

Languages regardless local or global, are means for humans to
communicate with each other. People of the same tribe or clan used to live in
cluster and spoke the same language. If they were to travel out of their
boundary for trade etc and, encounter another tribe or other groups of people,
knowing only their own language will not serve them well at all. Perhaps this
was one of the factors why people learn other languages besides their own
mother tongue.
Back to your question “Why should we preserve local languages?” - I
believe the successful preservation of a minor language or any language is
very much dependent on the number of users and their desire to use the
language. If such a language was part of the education’s curriculum and yet
that did not make the language popular, then there is something inherently
wrong in the approach to preserve the language.
If one were to insist that particular language is akin to one’s identity -
but there are many instances where the language did not play a part at all.
Look at the diaspora of Chinese people - many speak neither Mandarin nor a
provincial language. But their sense of identity as ethnic Chinese is ever
present. Then there is the Irish, even in their own land they speak English to
each other and still held on to their Irish-ness. Yes, there are clusters of them
still using Irish, God bless them. But there is no distinction between these
two groups of Irish. They are all as Irish as they come whatever spews forth
from their mouths.
So if your intention is to preserve a particular minor language, and you
discovered that users are not using that language at home, then that language
may have lost its importance and also the users seem to have stopped
believing that a particular language determines their cultural identity.
(Adapted from: https://www.quora.com/Why-should-we-preserve-local-languages)

1. Identify which statements are facts and which statements are opinions
based on the text.

a. Languages regardless local or global, are means for humans to

communicate with each other. (FACT)
b. Perhaps this was one of the factors why people learn other languages
besides their own mother tongue. (OPINION)
 c. I believe the successful preservation of a minor language or any language
is very much dependent on the number of users and their desire to use the
language. (FACT)
d. Many Chinese diasporas speak neither Mandarin nor a provincial
language, but their sense of identity as ethnic Chinese is ever present. (OPINION)
e. If the users of a language are not using that language at home, the users
seem to have stopped believing that a particular language determines their
cultural identity. (OPINION)

2. What is the author’s intention in writing the above text?

Answer : The author intends that we all have different languages to communicate with
each other, but if we learn from each other then we can understand each other especially
if we go abroad, if you don't understand the language of the country then you will
experience language barriers.

3. What about the following texts? What is the author’s intention in writing
the text?

a. “I am a regular walker, and I notice this city is designed for cars, not for
people. I’ve had some troubles during my everyday walk, either because of
motorcycle interruption, or because of the street vendors that occupy pretty
much the entire space for pedestrians. That’s the worst thing about Jakarta. It
might seem simple, but actually it implies bigger picture, with regard to how
to design a people-centred city.” (Nurulitha, resident for 1 year)
(Taken from: https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2016/nov/25/city-designed-
cars-peoplelocal-views-jakarta-readers)

Answer : The author intends that the density of vehicles in Jakarta makes
pedestrians uncomfortable.

b. Not your traditional apple pie, this filling is caramelized apples held
together with very glossy, just-thick-enough apple syrup, and it is easy to
make. First, you need to preheat oven to 425 degrees F (220 degrees C).
Then, butter is melted in saucepan over medium heat. After that, you need to
stir in white sugar, brown sugar, salt, cinnamon, and water until the syrup
boils. Remember that you must stir constantly to dissolve sugar, and then
remove from heat. What you need to do next is unrolling pie crusts, pressing
one into a 9-inch pie dish, and placing the apples into the crust. The next step
is that you unroll the second crust on a work surface, and cut into about 8
1inch wide strips. Then, criss-cross the strip
over the apples, or weave into a lattice crust. Crimp the
bottom crust over the lattice strips with your fingers.
You can add caramel sauce over the pie, covering lattice portion of top
crust; let remaining sauce drizzle through the crust. The last step is
that you bake the pie in preheated oven for 15 minutes. Reduce heat to 350
 degrees F (175 degrees C), and bake until the crust is golden brown, the
caramel on the top crust is set, and the apple filling is bubbling, 35 to
40 more minutes. Allow to cool completely before slicing. (Adapted
from: https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/219165/chef-johns-easy-apple-pie/)

Answer : The author’s intention is how to make a caramelized apple pie easily.

c. Three rich brothers each wanted to do something special for their

elderly mother on Mother's Day. The first brother bought her a huge house.
The second brother gave her a limousine, with a driver. The third brother
remembered that his mother used to love to read the Bible, but couldn't see
well anymore, so he got her a specially trained parrot that could recite any
verse from the Bible on demand.
Soon, the brothers received thank-you notes from their mother. The
first son's note said, "The house you bought me is much too big! I only live in
a small part of it, but I have to clean the whole thing!" The second son got a
note that said, "I rarely leave the house anymore, so I hardly use the limo you
gave me. And when I do use it, the driver is so rude!" The third son's note
said, "My darling baby boy, you know just what your mother loves! The
chicken was delicious!"
(Taken from: http://iteslj.org/c/jokes-long.html)

Answer : The author’s intention is get to know other people you care about more
deeply.

4. Put the text and the sentences in the correct order.

a. However, some people to prefer to study on their own. (2)

b. For example, when you are doing a school project you have to listen to
everyone's opinions as well as expressing your own ideas. (5)
c. First of all, working in a team can help develop you social skills. (4)
d. In conclusion, I believe that working with others is better than working on
your own since you learn to communicate well and you share the work. (8)
e. In addition, when you take part in a team you have company and you work
more efficiently because lots of people are helping which saves time. (6)
f. Many people think that it is easier to difficult things when you are in a
group. (1)
g. What's more, you can chat to your friends and have a laugh so it's more
fun. (7)
h. They find it easier to concentrate and focus as it is quieter and there are no
distractions. (3)
(Taken from: https://proffsenglishworlddotcom.files.wordpress.com/2016/01/b1-
essaystudents.pdf)
5. Read the text and complete the table that follows!

Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo was a Portuguese-born explorer who is credited with

the exploration of the coast of what is today the state of California. Sketchy
military records from the period show that early in his career he served with
the Spanish army from 1520 to 1524 in Spain’s quest for subjugation of the
people in what are today Cuba, Mexico, and Guatemala. Little is known of
his activities over the next decades, but apparently he succeeded in rising up
through the ranks of the military; in 1541, he was ordered by Antonio de
Mendoza, the Spanish ruler of Mexico, to explore the western coast of North
America. Cabrillo set out in June 1542 in Command of two ships, the San
Salvador and the Victoria; he reached San Diego bay on September 28, 1542,
and claimed the terrain for Spain. The peninsula where he landed is today
named Cabrillo Point in his honor; there has been established as a national
monument and park, and local residents each year hold a celebration and
reenactment of Cabrillo’s landing.
From San Diego, Cabrillo continued northward for further exploration of the
spectacular California coastline. By November 1542, he had reached as far as
north as San Francisco Bay, although he missed the entrance of the bay due
to a huge storm. Soon after, with the approach of winter, he veered south and
turned back to Mexico. He made it as far south as the Channel Islands off the
coast of what is today Santa Barbara. Cabrillo, who died on San Miguel
Island in the Channel Islands, never made it back to Mexico.
(Taken from: Phillips, D. (2001). Longman complete course for the TOEFL test:
Preparation
for the computer and paper tests. White Plains, N.Y: Longman.)

Answer :

a. The exploration of the coast of California

b. San Diego Bay
c. California coastline
d. Portuguese-born explorer, Juan Rodrigurez Cabrillo.
e. He succeeded in rising up the ranks of the military.
f. He got ordered by Antonio de Mendoza, to explore the western coast of
North America.
g. He reached San Diego Bay with command of two ships, the San Salvador
and the Victoria.
 h. He had reached as far as north as San Fransisco Bay and the Channel
Islands off the coast of what is today Santa Barbara.

6. Ubahlah kalimat ini menjadi kalimat inverse!

a. I had scarcely finished writing my essay when the examiner announced the
end of the exam.
b. If the negotiations were failing, it would bring about unforeseen problems.

Answer :

a. Scarcely had I finished writing my essay when the examiner announced the
end of the exam.
b. If the negotiations were failing, it would bring about unforseen problems.