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Lesson 05 - Transformations of Functions 2022

The document discusses transformations of functions including translations, vertical and horizontal stretches, and reflections. It explains the rules for each type of transformation and the importance of order when applying multiple transformations. Several examples are provided to demonstrate combining transformations and writing the transformed function.

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22 views

Lesson 05 - Transformations of Functions 2022

The document discusses transformations of functions including translations, vertical and horizontal stretches, and reflections. It explains the rules for each type of transformation and the importance of order when applying multiple transformations. Several examples are provided to demonstrate combining transformations and writing the transformed function.

Uploaded by

h6p4jbtpys
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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10 Extended Mathematics

Unit 1: Functions and Modeling


Lesson 5: Summary of Transformations of Functions

Note 1: Summary of the Rules of Transformation

Translations (combination of vertical and horizontal translations)


For y=f ( x−c ) +d , the graph of f (x) is translated horizontally c units (right if c >0 , left if c <0 ) and
vertically d units (up if d >0 , down if d <0 ).

Vertical Stretch
For y=a f (x ), a> 0, the effect of a is to vertically stretch the graph by the scale factor a .
If a> 1 it moves points of y=f (x ) further away from the x -axis.
If 0< a<1 it moves point of y=f (x ) closer to the x -axis.

Horizontal Stretch
1
For y=f (bx ), b> 0, the effect of b is to horizontally stretch the graph by the scale factor .
b
If b> 1 it moves points of y=f (x ) closer to the y -axis.
If 0< b<1 it moves point of y=f (x ) further away from the y -axis.

Reflections
 For y=−f (x ), we reflect y=f (x ) in the x -axis.
 For y=f (−x ), we reflect y=f (x ) in the y -axis.

Why transformations along the x -axis are “not logical”? Can we use algebra to understand the
horizontal transformations?
Note 2: Orders of transformations

When we apply two or more transformations in succession, we need to be very careful about the
order in which we perform each transformation.

 When one vertical and one horizontal transformation are combined, the outcome does NOT
depend on the order.

 When two vertical transformations or two horizontal transformations are combined, the
order in which they are applied does affect the outcome.

 Here is a simple way of carrying out the order of transformations:

1st : write the function in the form y=a f ( b ( x−c )) + d ,

2nd : stretch/reflection in any order


(i.e. apply parameters a and b in any order, according to the Rules in Note 1)

3rd: translate in any order


(i.e. apply parameters c and d in any order, according to the Rules in Note 1)

Example 1 – Two vertical transformations


Two transformations are applied to the graph of f ( x )=2 x 2−4:
- a vertical stretch by a scale factor of 3, and
- vertical translation up 2 units.

Write the function g(x ) which shows the graph of f (x) after:

1. stretching first 2. Translating first


Example 2 – Two vertical transformations
Two transformations are applied to the graph of f ( x )=2 x 2−4:
- a reflection in the x -axis, and
- vertical translation up 2 units.
Write the function g(x ) which shows the graph of f (x) after:

1. reflecting first 2. translating first


Example 3 – Two horizontal transformations
Two transformations are applied to the graph of f ( x )=x 2 +2:
- a reflection in the y -axis, and
- horizontal translation 1 unit to the left,
Write the function g(x ) which shows the graph of f (x) after

1. reflecting first 2. translating first

Example 4 – Two horizontal transformations


Describe the transformation from y=f (x ) to y=f (2 x−4) in two different ways.
Example 5
Given the function f (x) below, draw the sketch of y=−f ( 2 x −4 ) +1.
Example 6
Given the function f (x) below, draw the sketch of y=−2 f ( 0.5 x +1 ) −2

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