Англ.мова 2 курс 1 семестр 2023

Київський коледж зв’язку
Зошит
для робіт з англійської мови
студента/студентки групи _________
__________________________________
(прізвище, ім’я, по батькові)
КИЇВ 2023
Lesson 1.
Theme: Human being and society.
The role of the English language in the world. The peculiarities of its usage.
The Present Perfect Tense (formation and usage)
VOCABULARY
Practise the following words and word combinations.
1. to make use of smth— _______________________________________

2. the only— _______________________________________
3. living being— _______________________________________
4. as recent as = as old as— _______________________________________
5. human being— _______________________________________
6. at the most— _______________________________________
7. the remote past— _______________________________________
8. spoken language— _______________________________________
9. native speaker — ________________________________________
10. Mother tongue — ________________________________________
11.to have (a practical) command (of) __________________________________
12.to have a much better grasp (of the subject) __________________________
Activity 1. Read and translate the text.
LANGUAGE IN THE LIFE OF MAN AND HUMAN SOCIETY
Language is a means of communication in human society. People can use other means of
communication, such as red lights or flags, but these signs are interpreted into human
language. So language is the normal form and the main means of communication in human
society.
Primitive people had a few hundred words at the most. Today highly cultured nations have
more than seven hundred thousand words in their dictionaries. This means that now people
can communicate by words much better than they did it in the remote past. The rapid growth
of the vocabulary of modern languages is due to the development of science and technology.
But spoken languages were easy to forget; so people invented writing to record them.
Writing is a way of recording language by means of visible marks. The first form of writing was
picture writing. Symbols representing the sounds of a language appeared much later. The art of
writing made it possible to fix thoughts and to store knowledge, and to pass them on from one
generation to another.
Mankind speaks many languages. A group of people who use the same system of speech
signals is a speech community. Speech-communities differ greatly in size. An American Indian
tribe of only a few hundred persons speaks language of its own On the other hand, there are
some speech communities that are very large.
English has several hundred million native speakers. For them English is their mother tongue.
Millions of people with some other native language learn English for business, professional or
political purposes. For them English is not their mother tongue but a foreign language.
Ukrainian, Russian, French, German, Chinese and some other languages also have vast numbers
of speakers.
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There are people who know three, four, five or six languages. They are polyglots. They study
languages because knowledge of languages is their speciality or hobby.
For a modern engineer and research worker it is absolutely necessary to have practical
command of foreign languages. A scientist who can read the literature of his field in several
languages has a much better grasp of the subject.
Learning foreign languages enriches the native language, makes it clearer, more flexible and
expressive.
Activity 2. Write the sentences.

1. The first form of writing was
2. Language is a
3. Speech community is a
4. Polyglots are
Activity 3. Give the English equivalents of the following Ukrainian words and word-
combinations.
людське суспільство
засіб спілкування
розвиток
первісна людина
спілкуватися словами
далеке минуле
швидкий ріст (збільшення)
розмовна мова
людина
жива істота
мовна спільність
з іншого боку
рідна мова
практично володіти іноземною мовою
більш гнучкий і виразний
Activity 4. Give nouns corresponding to the following verbs.
to think
to live
to grow
to speak
to know
to produce
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Activity 5. Read and translate the following words of the common root .
 create — creation — creator — creative — creativity — creature;

 differ — difference—different — differentiate — differentiation;
 distinct — distinction — distinctive;
 represent — representation — representative;
 communicate— communication — communicative.
Activity 6. Combine the word "human" with the proper English word to form the
following Ukrainian expressions.
Людська мова being

людський голос language
людина voice
людський фактор factor
людський рід progress
людська природа nature
права людини race
прогрес (людського) rights
суспільства
Activity 7. Fill in the blanks with the verbs "to be", "to have” or "to do" .
1. English ________a Germanic language. It_________ a long and complicated

history.
2. Each branch of science and technology ______________ its separate vocabulary.
3. Language _____________ a perfect means of expression and communication.
4. In some countries, such as China, Egypt and Mesopotamia writing
_____________ practised thousands of years ago.
5. Many people ____________ professional need to know something about
language.
6. Every national language _______________many functions.
7. A specialist who_____________ not know foreign languages ________________ a
problem of using foreign scientific and technical literature.
8. English ____________________ millions of native speakers.
Activity 8. Put the questions to the words in bold type and answer them.
There are in most European languages some words the meaning of which, except for the
difference in pronunciation, is roughly speaking identical. They are called "international"
words. These "international" words came into different languages as a result of borrowing. As
a rule, "international" words are either of political or scientific-technical nature.
A striking characteristic of English is a certain vagueness in the use of words. One of the
most important aspects of twentieth-century vocabulary is the rapid extension of scientific
vocabulary in recent times.
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 GRAMMAR
THE PERFECT FORMS
to have + Participle II
The Present Perfect Tense
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
S. + HAVE/HAS + P.II S.+ HAVE/HAS + NOT + P.II HAVE/HAS + S. + P.II ?
I’ve worked/ He’s worked
I have worked I have not worked Have I worked?

He has worked He has not worked Has he worked?
She has worked She has not worked Has she worked?
It has worked It has not worked Has it worked?
We have worked We have not worked Have we worked?
You have worked You have not worked Have you worked?
They have worked They have not worked Have they worked?
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We use the Present Perfect Simple to talk about activities and events:
 which happened not long ago and have results/consequences now, it denotes a
completed action connected with the present ( дія, яка вже відбулася в неозначений
час в минулому)
I have passed my biology exam! (and that’s why I’m so happy now)
She has lost her student ID card. (and that’s why she needs a new one)
They have won a lot of money (and that’s why they can afford to buy a new house)
Robert has travelled around the world. (a completed action but it doesn’t matter when)
 which happened more than once in the past
She has been to Paris many times. (in her life, it doesn’t matter when exactly)
We have seen this movie three times. (in our life, it doesn’t matter when exactly)
We often use the Present Perfect Simple with the time adverbials:
 just (middle of the sentence)

I have just finished cooking.
 ever (mid, is used in questions)
Have you ever been to England?
Has he ever played cricket?
 never (mid)
I have never seen a whale.
 already (mid/end, only in affirmative sentences)
She’s already done her homework.
They have bought this house already.
 yet (end, in negative sentences and questions)
I haven’t told him yet.
Have you prepared your presentation yet?
 before (end)
Have you seen this movie before?
 recently (end)
I have eaten recently.
 lately (end)
He has not met him lately.
 today (end)
We have had English today.
 this week/month/year …
She has taken part in the international competitions this year.
 for ages (end)
I haven’t seen you for ages.
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We use the Present Perfect Simple to talk about activities which started in the past and
continue up to now:
since (з…) for (протягом…)
since last year/winter/morning for 2 weeks/10 years/30 minutes/for a long time
She’s had this watch since March. I have known him for three years.
Activity 9. Complete the sentences. Use the verb in brackets + just/already/yet (as shown).
1. Would you like something to eat? No, thanks. I‘ve just had lunch (just/have)
2. Do you know where Julia is? Yes, I her. (just/see).
3. What time is David leaving? He (already/leave).
4.What's in the newspaper today? I don't know. I (not/read/yet).
5. Is Ann coming to the cinema with us? No, she the film. (already/see).
6. Are your friends here yet? Yes, they (just/arrive).
7. What does Tim think about your plan? I (not/tell/yet).
Activity 10. Complete the sentences with the Present Perfect Simple of the following verbs
and any words in brackets. Use each verb only one time:
1. People _______________________ sheep’s wool to make clothing for centuries.

2. The night is over. It’s daytime now. The sun _______________________________.
3. I (never) __________________________________ golf, butI’d like to. It looks like fun.
4. Our team is great. They _______________________________ all of their games so far this
year. They haven’t lost a single game.
5. Lily must be angry with me. She (not ) ________________________ one word to me all
evening. I wonder what I did to make her angry.
6. The cat must be sick. He (not) ______________________________ any food for two days.
We’d better call the vet.
7. Our teacher ___________________ us a lot of tests and quizzes since the beginning of the
term.
8. We put a little money in our savings account every month. We want to buy a car, but we
(not) _____________________________ enough money yet. We’ll have enough in a few more
months.
9. (you, ever) ________________________________outdoors for the entire night? I mean
without a tent, with nothing between you and stars.
10. My aunt puts on a wig whenever she goes out, but I (never)
____________________________a wig in mylife.
11. Paul’s health _________________________________ a lot since he started eating the right
kinds of food, exercising regularly, and handling the stress in his life.He’s never felt better.
12. I can’t find my keys. I _______________________________ everywhere – in all my pockets,
in my briefcase, in my desk. They’re gone.
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Activity 11. Complete the sentences using Present Perfect Simple with JUST, ALREADY, YET
1. After lunch you go to see a friend at her home. She says:“Would you like something to eat?”
You say: “No, thank you. I _______________________________________________ (have
lunch).”
2. Bill goes out. Five minutes later, the phone rings and the caller says: “ Can I speak to Bill?”
You say: “I’m afraid, he _______________________________________________ (go out).”
3. You are eating at the restaurant. The waiter thinks you have finished and starts to take your
plate away. You say:“Wait a minute! I __________________________________ (not, finish).”
4. You are going to a restaurant this evening. You phone to reserve a table. Later your friend
says:
“Shall I phone to reserve a table?” You say: “No, I ________________________________ it.”
(do).
5. You know that a friend of yours is looking for a job. Perhaps he has been successful. Ask him.
You say: ______________________________________________________ (find)?
6. Alice went to the bank, but a few minutes ago she returned. Somebody asks: “Is Alice still at
the bank?” You say: “No, __________________________________________ (come back).”
Activity 12. Put the verb in brackets into the Present Perfect Simple.
1. I don’t know this girl. I never (meet) her before.
_______________________________________
2. “Where is Mother?” - ’’She just (go) out.”
____________________________________________
3. “Don’t you know what the film is about?”- ”No, I (not/see) it.”
___________________________
4. Don’t worry about the letter. I already (post) it.
_______________________________________
5. “Is he a good teacher?” - “Oh yes, he (help) me a lot.”
__________________________________
6. I know London perfectly well. I (be) there several times.
________________________________
7. I can’t find my umbrella. I think, somebody (take) it by mistake.
__________________________
8. “Do you speak Spanish?” - “No, I never (study) it.”
____________________________________
9. "Do you know where they have gone?” - “No, they (sell) their house and (not/leave) their
new address. _________________________________________________________
Activity 13. Use the words in brackets to make questions according to a pattern.
Example: (he/ever/paint/people) Has he ever painted people?
1. (you ever/be/to Scotland?)_________________________________________
2. (your parents/live/here all their lives?)_________________________________
3. (you/hear/this concert?)___________________________________________
4. (how many times/you/ be married?)___________________________________
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5. (he/ever/meet/the President?)______________________________________
6. (you/ever/visit/the White House?)____________________________________
Activity 14. Make questions using the words given.

 Example: (anything/happen/recently?) Has anything happened recently?
1. (you/read/any books recently?) ____________________________________________
2. (you/hear/from Tom in the past few days?) ___________________________________
3. (you/buy/any new records recently?) ________________________________________
4. (you/eat/anything today?) _________________________________________________
5. (you/see/any good films recently?) __________________________________________
6. (it/snow/here this year yet?) _______________________________________________
Activity 15. Put the verb in brackets into the Present Simple and the Present Perfect.
1. Look! They _____________________________________ (stop).
2. I ________________________ (want) to see you. I ____________________ (not/see) you for ages!

3. “What ___________ (be) your name?” - “My name _______________________ (be) always Cole.”
4. “You _________________ (read) this book?” - “Yes.” - “What ________________you (think) of it?”
5 .I ________________________ (not/be) to a zoo before. It _____________ (be) a nice feeling to go
somewhere you _____________________________________________________never (be) before.
6. “You (know) Nick?”______________________ - “Yes.” - “How long ________you ________ (know)
him?” - “I ___________________________________ (know) him for 10 years.”
7. There _________ (be) a lot of things I _________ (want) to do for a long time and I ________
__________________________________ (not/do) them.
8. You (realize) we (know) each other for quite a period of time now?
__________________________________________________________________ And this______
(be) the first occasion you _____________________________________ (ask) me to come with you.
9. “You (know) the girl who just (leave) the shop?”
_________________________________________- “Yes, that _______________ (be) Bella York.” -
“She _____________________ (be) a customer of yours?” - “Not, exactly. She ____________ (be)
here several times, but she _______________________________________ never (buy) anything.”
10. Come in, I _______________________ (be) awake since sun-up.
11. I _____________________________ (not/see) your pictures for a long time. Can I look round?
12. It’ll be good to see him again. How long he (be) away? ____________________________It
_______________ (seem) ages.
13. I _______________________________________________ (know) you nearly all my life, but I

_____________________________________________never (see) you so excited about anything.
Home task: ________________________________________
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Lesson 2.
Learning about learning.
Present Perfect Simple versus Past Simple Tenses
 READING
Activity 1. In pairs or as a group, answer the questions.
Activity 2. Read the article quickly and tick the ideas that are mentioned.
Activity 3. Choose the correct word or phrase and give a reason based on the context.
1. The phrase ‘forbidden zone’ in paragraph 2 is probably

connected with the idea of forcing / not allowing someone
to go to sleep because …
2. The word ‘alert’ in paragraph 2 is probably closest to the word

‘sleepy’ / ‘awake’ because …
3. The phrase ‘sleep deprivation’ in paragraph 3 probably means

‘getting too much sleep’ /‘not getting enough sleep’ because …
4. The word ‘trigger’ in the final paragraph probably means

‘start’ / ‘stop’ because
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Activity 4. Read the text.
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Activity 5. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B,C or D) which you think fits best according
to the text.
1 What does ‘propping them up'in paragraph 2 mean?
A making them even more tired
B keeping them energised and awake
С stopping them from thinking clearly
D supporting and encouraging them
2 What does Greg Dickson's quote demonstrate?
A Many teenagers are careful to limit their usage of electronic devices.
B It makes no difference whether you use a tablet or a mobile phone.
С It’s very common for teenagers to use the internet at night.
D It’s important to have close friends when you're a teenager.
3 What is the experiment with the ball designed to show?
A The more you practise something, the better you become at it.
B If you don't sleep well after learning something, you might lose the skill.
С Testing is an essential part of the learning process.
D Some people are much better at physical tasks than others,
4 ‘What point does the writer make in paragraph 4?
A The most important thing is to sleep well before an exam.
B Teenagers’ brains are more complex than scientists thought.
C Teenagers should be encouraged to sleep at school,
D We continue to learn things while we are sleeping
5 ‘What is suggested about melatonin in the final paragraph?
A Itis only produced when we are asleep.
B Itis most effective in a brightly lit room.
С It naturally helps the human body feel sleepy.
D Most teenagers don't produce enough of it.
6 ‘The writer uses the word ‘binge-sleeping’ in the final paragraph to describe
A only getting up when you feel refreshed.
B getting up but still feeling tired.
C getting a lot less sleep than usual.
D getting a lot more sleep than usual,
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 USE OF ENGLISH
Activity 6. Look at the words in capitals in Activity 7 and answer the questions.
Activity 7. Write a form of the word in capitals in each gap to complete the text.
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 GRAMMAR Present Perfect Simple and Past Simple Tenses
Present Perfect (have/has done) Past Simple (did)

TODAY YESTERDAY
past.....(unfinished time)........present
past.....(finished time)......present
The Present Perfect always has a connection The Past Indefinite tells us only about the past.
with the present.
 just, ever, never, already, yet, today…  ago, yesterday, …before yesterday
 this week/ this year/ this month  last week/last year/ last month
 When? Whose? Where?

 How long?
 I didn’t have a holiday last year.
 I haven't had a holiday this year.
 Were you ill last week?
 Have you been ill recently?
 Brian lived in Wales for 10 years (He no
 Brian has lived in Ireland for 6 years (He
still lives there). longer lives there).
 I have never ridden a horse (in my life).  I didn’t ride when I was on holiday last
summer.
Activity 8. Open the brackets, using the verbs in Present Perfect Simple or Past Simple.
1. The rain (to stop) and the sun is shining in the sky again.
_________________________________________________________________
2. The rain (to stop) half an hour ago.
_________________________________________________________________
3. The wind (to blow) off the man's hat, and he cannot catch it.
_________________________________________________________________
4. The weather (to change), and we can go for a walk.
_________________________________________________________________
5. We (to travel) around Europe last year.
_________________________________________________________________
6. My father knows so much because he (to travel) a lot.
_________________________________________________________________
7. I (to see) Pete today.
_________________________________________________________________
8. She (to see) this film last Sunday.
_________________________________________________________________
9. Alex (to meet) his friend two hours ago.
_________________________________________________________________
10. The children already (to decide) what to do with the books.
_________________________________________________________________
11. Yesterday they (to decide) to help their grandmother.
_________________________________________________________________
12. He just (to come) home.
_________________________________________________________________
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Activity 9. Open the brackets, using the verbs in Present Perfect Simple or Past Simple.
1. I (not yet to eat) today.

2. He (not to eat) yesterday.
3. You (to play) the piano yesterday?
4. You (to play) the piano today?
5. What you (to prepare) for today?
6. Look at this birdhouse. Mike (to make) it himself. He (to make) it last Sunday.
7. Where you (to put) my pen? I cannot find it.
8. You (to see) Mary today?
9. When you (to see) Mary? — I (to see) her last week.
10. Your mother (to promise) to take you to the theatre?
11. Look at my new dress! I (to make) it myself.
12. He is not at school today, he (to fall) ill. — When he (to fall) ill? — He (to fall) ill yesterday.
13. I already (to do) my homework. Now I can go for a walk.
14. I (to do) my homework yesterday.
Activity 10. Make sentences using the words in brackets. Use the Present Perfect or Past
Simple.
1. (it / not / rain / this week) It hasn'trained this week

2.(the weather / be / cold /recently) The weather
3. (it / cold / last week) It
4. (I / not / read / a newspaper yesterday) I
5. (I / not / read / a newspaper today)
6. (Ann / earn / a lot of money / this year)
7. (she / not / earn / so much / last year)
8. (you / have / a holiday recently?)
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Activity 11. Open the brackets using the verbs in Present Perfect or Past Simple.
1. It (to be) very cold yesterday.

2. When you (to meet) him?
3. I (not to see) him since 1987.
4. How many mushrooms you (to gather)?
5. Where you (to put) the newspaper? I want to read it, but cannot find it anywhere.
6. The new school (to begin) working last year.
7. At last I (to do) all my homework: now I shall go out.
8. The building of the house (to begin) early in April.
9. The rain (to stop) but a cold wind is still blowing.
10. We already (to solve) the problem.
11. He just (to finish) his work.
12. You (to make) any spelling mistakes in your dictation?
Activity 12. Put the verb into the correct form, Present Perfect or Past Simple.
1. I don't know where Amy is. Have you seen (you/see) her?
2. When I (get) home last night, I (be) very tired and I(go)
straight to bed.
3. Your car looks very clean. (you/wash) it?
4. George (not/be) very well last week.
5. Mr Clark (work) in a bank for 15 years. Then he gave it up.
6. Molly lives in Dublin. She (live) there all her life.
7. (you/go) to the cinema last night? Yes, but it (be)
a mistake. The film (be) awful.
8. I don't know Carol's husband. I (never/meet/him).
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Activity 13. Present Perfect and Past Simple. Choose the correct form of the verb.
1. My sister (has been, was interested) in medicine ever since she (has been, was) a child.
2. How long (have you studied, did you study before you have qualified, qualified)?
3. Where (have you first met, did you first meet) your husband?
4. Is it the first time(you’ve cooked, you cooked) pasta?
5. We (have wanted, wanted) to go to the theatre last night, but there (haven’t been, weren’t)
any seats.
6. We (have posted, posted) the parcel three weeks ago. If you still (haven’t received, didn’t
receive) it, please inform us immediately.
Activity 14. Use the Present Continuous or Present Perfect Tenses.
1. What you (to talk) _________________________________about?

2. We just (to talk) _________________________________about it.
3. He just (to say) __________________________________something about it.
4. She (to tell) _____________________________________ them some interesting story.
5. He (to tell) __________________________________ us nothing about it.
6. She (to tell)_________________________________ them some stories about dogs.
7. We have (to have) ____________________________ two lessons today.
8. They (to have) ______________________________a meeting at the moment.
9. She (not to speak) ____________________________ yet.
10. They (to ask) __________________________________ me several questions.
11. He already(to learn) ___________________________ the rule.
12. I’m busy. I (to write) ___________________________ an exercise.
13. What he (to do)_________________________? — He (to read) ____________a newspaper.
14. _____________________________ (to read) you any stories by Jack London?
15. What you (to do) ___________here? — I(to write) ___________a letter to my friend.
16. Who (to write) _____________________this article?
17. What language you (to study) _________________________?
18. We already (to learn) _______________________________a lot of English words.
19. Who (to teach)______________________________ you to do it?
20. (you, to find) ________________________________the book?
Activity 15. Use the verbs in Present Perfect or Past Simple.
1. The sun (not to rise) ________________________yet, but the sky in the east is getting
lighter every minute.
2. I _________________________(not to read) the newspaper today.
3. How many times you (to be) _________________________ to Paris?
4. At last I (to translate) ____________________ this article: now I shall have a little rest.
5. We (to go) ___________________ to the country yesterday, but the rain
______________ (to spoil) the pleasure.
6. The lecture (not yet to begin) _____________________________ and the students are
talking in the classroom.
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7. She ____________just (to go) _____________ out.
8. We (not to solve) _____________________ the problem yet.
9. Oh, how dark it is! A large black cloud (to cover) __________________________the sky.
I think itwill start raining in a few minutes.
10. Oh, close the window! Look, all my papers (to fall) _______________________ on the
floor because of the wind.
Activity 16. Put the verb in brackets into the correct form, the Present Perfect or the Past
Simple.
1 .I just (call) him. ____________________________________________________________
2. I (not/call) him yesterday, I was busy. __________________________________________
3. My parents just (go) away. ___________________________________________________
4. She already (answer) the letter. _______________________________________________
5. She (answer) it on Tuesday. __________________________________________________
6. My friends (go) away five minutes ago. _________________________________________
7 .I (read) that book during the summer holidays. ___________________________________
8. The fisherman (sell) all his fish now. ____________________________________________
9. He (sell) the last one half an hour ago. __________________________________________
10.I (not / see) him for three years. ______________________________________________
11.I (meet) him last week. ______________________________________________________
12. The newspaper (come)? - Yes, Ann is reading it now. ______________________________
13. You (wear) your hair long when you were at school? - Yes, my mother (insist) on it.
____________________________________________________________________________
14. He (not / smoke) for two weeks. He is trying to give it up. __________________________
15. When he (arrive)? - He (arrive) at 2.00. _________________________________________
16. You (shut) the window? _____________________________________________________
17. I (read) his books when I was at school. I (enjoy) them very much. ____________________
____________________________________________________________________________
18. You (be) here before? - Yes, I (spend) my holidays here last year. - You (have) a good time? -
Yes, the sun never (stop) shining. _________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
19. The clock is slow. - It isn’t slow, it (stop). ________________________________________
20. Here is your dress; I just (mend) it. _____________________________________________
21. I (leave) home at 8.00 and (get) here at twelve.____________________________________
22. You (have) breakfast yet? - Yes, I (have) it at 8.00. _________________________________
23. You (see) the stars last night? __________________________________________________
24. We (miss) the bus. Now we’ll have to walk. _______________________________________
25. The lecture just (begin). You are a little late. ______________________________________
26. He (break) his leg in a skiing accident last year. ___________________________________
27. I can’t go out because I (not /finish) my work. _____________________________________
Home task: ________________________________________
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Lesson 3.
Invent and innovate.
The Past Perfect Tense (formation and usage)
 READING
Activity 2. Read the text quickly. Choose the best heading for each paragraph.
Activity 3. Decide if each idea is mentioned in the paragraph or not. Write Yes or No.
 VOCABULARY
bulky (adj) ________________________________________

convert (v) ________________________________________
collision (n) ________________________________________
dangling (v) ________________________________________
eureka moment (n) __________________________________
fine-tuning (n) ______________________________________
ground-breaking (adj) ________________________________
impact (n) _________________________________________
ordeal (n) _________________________________________
patenting (v) ______________________________________
potential (n) _______________________________________
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Activity 5. Read the text. For each question, choose from the people A-D. The people may be
chosen more than once.
 USE OF ENGLISH
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Activity 8. Choose the correct word to fill each gap.
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 GRAMMAR
The Past Perfect Tense

S. + HAD + P.II S.+ HAD+ NOT + P.II HAD + S. + P.II ?
I had worked I had not worked Had I worked?

I’d worked I hadn’t worked
 The Past Perfect is used to express an event or situation which happened before
other past events expressed in the Past Simple:
when I called him.

He had finished his work
by 5 o’clock yesterday.
On the way to school I remembered that I had left my English work book at home. (the
second event happened before the first = first I left the book, then I remembered)
When we got home, everybody had already gone to sleep. (the second event happened
before the first = first everybody went to sleep, then we got home)
_______PAST PERFECT____________________ _______PAST SIMPLE_______________
I action II action
 The Past Perfect is used to express an event or situation which happened in the past
and there is the casual link between the first and the second actions – Why?
He was happy. He had signed an important contract. (he was happy – why? Because he
had signed an important contract)
 The Past Perfect is used with the following time expressions: before, after, when, by
the time –
They went out after it had stopped raining. (after – Past Perfect)
Before they went out, it had stopped raining. (before – Past Simple)
 The Past Perfect Tense is not used to denote a succession of actions. In this case the
Past Simple is used.
He got up, went to the bathroom, had breakfast and left for work.
When I wrote the letter, I posted it.
24
Activity 9. Use the Past Perfect Tense.
 Examples: Why didn’t you listen to that play on the radio?
a) Because I had heard it before.
b) I didn’t listen to that play on the radio, because I had heard it before.
1. Why didn’t you see Fred when you came to Kyiv? (leave)
2. Why didn’t Kate want to go to the cinema? (see the film)
3. Why didn’t you tell him my new address? (forget)
4. Why didn’t Jeff hear about Kate’s examination? (pass)
5. Why did Fred come home so soon from his holiday? (spend all the money)
6. Why couldn’t you get into your flat at once? (lose the key)
7. What did you learn about Bob? (get married)
8. What did she read in the newspaper about the expedition? (return)
______________________________________________________________________
__ ____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Activity 10. Use the Past Perfect Tense of the verbs given in brackets to complete the
sentences.
 Example: When John and I got to the river, the boat race (start already) had already started.
1. When she went to bed, she remembered that she (not/switch off the light)________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. She felt tired because she (walk a lot/that day)_______________________________________
3. She went for a holiday after she (pass the exams) ____________________________________
4. I didn’t know what to do when they (show/me/the picture)_____________________________
5. I didn’t look at the present until after she (go)________________________________________
6. I was very sorry to hear that he (die) _______________________________________________
7. He didn’t start speaking until the children (leave/the room)_____________________________
8. When I met Helen, I understood why Bill (marry her)___________________________________
9. He understood the book only after he (read it/again)___________________________________
25
Activity 11. Put the verb into the correct form, the Past Perfect or the Past Simple.
 Examples: Was Father at home when I phoned? - No, he had already left.
Was Father at home when l phoned? - Yes, but he left soon afterwards.
1. The flat was empty when he arrived. Everybody______________________ (go) to the
party.
2. There were voices heard from the kitchen, so I______________________ (go)
straight there.
3. He cannot take part in the competition. He ____________________ (break) his leg
yesterday.
4. There was an accident at the mountain top. A skier_________________________
(break) his leg and the ambulance men were carrying him to the road. So
we____________________________________________ (stop) to let them pass.
Activity 12. Open the brackets using the verbs in Past Simple or Past Perfect.
1.Tom ( to return) home by 5 o’clock.

________________________________________________________________________
2.When I (to come) home, mother already (to cook) dinner.
________________________________________________________________________
3. When the teacher ( to enter) the classroom, the pupils already (to open) their books.
________________________________________________________________________
4. Kate (to give) me the book which she (to buy) the day before.
________________________________________________________________________
5. Nick (to show) the teacher the picture which he (to draw).
________________________________________________________________________
6. The boy (to give) the goats the grass which he (to bring) from the field.
________________________________________________________________________
7. Mother (to see) that Nick (not to wash) his hands.
________________________________________________________________________
8. The teacher (to understand) that Lena (not to do) her homework.
________________________________________________________________________
9. I (to know) that my friend (not yet to come).
________________________________________________________________________
10. When I (to wake) up yesterday, father already (to go) to work.
_______________________________________________________________________
11. Nick (to think) that his father (not yet to come) home.
26
_______________________________________________________________________
12. Mary (to tell) us that she (to cook) a good dinner.
_______________________________________________________________________
Activity 13. Choose the correct form of the verbs. (Past Simple or Past Perfect).
Conference
Conferencereport
report
Parkhouse
Parkhouse Hotel5th
Hotel 5thSeptember
September
The
Theconference
conferencewas wasvery
verysuccessful.
successful.The
Theseminars
seminarsandandtalks
talks(1)were
(1)were//hadhadbeen
been
extremely
extremely interesting and it was obvious that allspeakers (2) had prepared / preparedtheir
interesting and it was obvious that allspeakers (2) had prepared / prepared their
material very thoroughly.Everyone agreed that this should become
material very thoroughly.Everyone agreed that this should become an annual event. an annual event.
There
Therewere werehowever
howeveraanumber
numberof ofadministrative
administrativeproblems.
problems.WhenWhen
we
we (3) arrived / had arrived, we (4) discovered /had discovered,thatthe
(3) arrived / had arrived, we (4) discovered /had discovered,that thehotel
hotelmanager
manager(5)
(5)
reserved
reserved /had reserved the wrong roomfor us and therefore we (6) did not have / had nothad
/had reserved the wrong roomfor us and therefore we (6) did not have / had not
enough space.Unfortunately,
had enough space.Unfortunately,he could not let
he could notuslet
have the larger
us have roomroom
the larger because (7)he(7)he
because gave gave
/
had given
/ had givenit to another
it to anothergroup, even
group, bigger
even than
bigger thanours.
ours.
He
He (8) also misunderstood / had misunderstoodthe
(8) also misunderstood / had misunderstood theletter
letterexplaining
explaining
what
what food we (9) required / had required. In fact, we (10)suspected//had
food we (9) required / had required. In fact, we (10)suspected hadsuspected
suspectedthat
thathe
he
(11) lost / had lost the letter. Wedo not recommend using this
(11) lost / had lost the letter. Wedo not recommend using this hotel again. hotel again.
Activity 14. Use the Present Perfect or the Past Perfect.
1. A: Oh, no! We’re too late. The train (leave, already) ______________________________.
B: That’s okay. We’ll catch the next train to London.
2. Last Thursday,we went to the station to catch a train to Bristol, but we were too late. The
train
(leave, already) _____________________________________________________________ .
3. A: Go back to sleep. It’s only five o’clock in the morning.
B: I am not sleepy. I (sleep, already)… for three hours. I’m going to get up. _______________
____________________________________________________________________________
4. I woke up at five, but I couldn’t get back to sleep. I wasn’t sleepy. I (sleep, already) ______
_____________________________________________________________for three hours.
5. A: I’ll introduce you to Mr. Brown at the meeting tonight.
B: You don’t need to. I (already, meet) ________________________________________him.
6. Alex offered to introduce me to Mr. Brown, but is wasn’t necessary. I
_____________________
___________________________________________________________(meet, already) him.
7. A: Do you want to go to the movie tonight?
B: What are you going to see?
A: The Silence of the Lambs.
B: I (see, already) _____________________________________________ it. Thanks anyway.
27
8. I didn’t go to the moviewith Eva last Saturday night. I (see, already)
______________________.
9. A: Amanda?Amanda! Is that you? How are you? I haven’t seen you for ages!
B: Excuse me? Are you talking to me?
A: Oh. You’re not Amanda?I’m sorry. It is clear that I (make) ____________________________
a mistake. Please excuse me.
10. Yesterday I approached a stranger who looked like Amanda and started talking to her. But
she wasn’t Amanda. It was clear that I(make) ________________________________ a mistake.
I was really embarrassed.
Activity 15. Use the Past Continious or the Past Perfect.
1. Adel didn’t need to study the multiplication tables in the seventhgrade. She (to learn)
_____________________________ them.
2. I enjoyed visiting Adel’s class. It was an arithmetic class. The students ( to do )
____________________________ their multiplication tables.
3. While I ( to walk )________________________ up the mountains, I got tired. But I didn’t
stop until I reached the top.
4. I was very tired when I got to the top of the mountain. I ( to walk )
_______________________ a long distance.
5. I knocked. No one answered. I turned the handle and pulled sharply the door, but it didn’t
open. Someone ( to lock )______________________________ it.
6. “Where were you when the earthquake occurred?” “In my office. I ( to talk )
_______________________ to my assistant. We were working on the report.”
7.“Roy’s house was destroyed in the earthquake.” “I know! It’s lucky that he and his family (to
leave ) ______________________________ for his parents’ home before the earthquake
struck.”
8. We drove three hundred miles to see the circus in Atlanta. When we got there, we couldn’t
find the circus. It had left city. We ( to drive ) ___________________all the way to Atlanta for
nothing.
Activity 16. Open the brackets using the verbs in the Past Simple or the Past Perfect.
1. By two o'clock the teacher (to examine) all the students.

2. On my way to school I (to remember) that I (to leave) my report at home.
3. All my friends (to be) glad to hear that I (to pass) all the examinations successfully.
4. He (to open) his eyes, (to look) around and (to try) to remember what (to happen) to him.
5. All the passengers (to see) at once that the old man (to travel) a great deal in his life.
6. By the time we (to come) to see him, he (to return) home.
7. During the holidays my friend (to visit) the village where he (to live) in his childhood.
8. When they (to enter) the hall, the performance already (to begin).
9.When I came home, my mother (to tell) me that she (to receive) a letter from grandfather.
10. Where you (to work) before you (to enter) the institute?
11. He (to study) French before he (to enter) the university.
13. Lanny (to say) that he (to get) his education in Cape Town.
14. The boy (to want) to act the main part in the play because he (to organize) the theatre.
15. Lanny (not to know) who (to attack) him in the darkness.
28
Home task: ________________________________________
Lesson 4.

Crime doesn’t pay.
The Past Perfect Tense
 READING
29
Activity 2. Read the article quickly. Choose the best summary for each paragraph.
Activity 3. Find and underline these words and phrases in the questions in Exercise 4.
Choose two synonyms for each word or phrase.
 VOCABULARY
deter (v) _______________________________________
community (n) __________________________________
instinct (n) _____________________________________
predator (n) ____________________________________
confirm (v) _____________________________________
take precautions (phr) ____________________________
CCTV cameras __________________________________
crime rate _____________________________________
30
31
Activity 5. For each question, write a short answer using a maximum of four words.
 USE OF ENGLISH
Activity 6. Look at the words in capitals in Exercise 6 and answer the questions.
32
 GRAMMAR
Activity 8. Put the verbs in the Present Perfect (have done) or the Past Perfect (had done).
? It isn't raining now. It's stopped (stop) at last.

? We had no car at that time. We'd sold (sell) our old one.
1. The park looked awful. People ___________________ (leave) litter ewrywhere.

2. You can have that newspaper. I (finish) with it.
3. There's no more cheese. We ________________________ (eat) it all, I'm afraid.
4. There was no sign of a taxi, although I _____________________ (order) one half
an hour before
5. This bill isn't right. They ________________________________ (make) a mistake.
6. I spoke to Melanie at lunch-time. Someone ______________________ (tell) her
the news earlier.
7. I was really tired last night. I ____________________________ (have) a hard day.
8. Don't you want to see this programme? It __________________________(start).
9. It'll soon get warm in here. I __________________________ (turn) the heating on.
10. At last the committee were ready to announce their decision.
They _____________________________________________ (make) up their minds.
Activity 9. Use the Present Perfect, Past Continious or Past Perfect.
1. When I went to bed, I turned on the radio. While I (sleep)

______________________________ somebody turned it off.
2. You’re from Italy? I (never, to be)_______________________________there. I’d like to go
there someday.
3. I started to tell Dad the news, but he stopped me. He (already, to hear)
______________________________ it.
4. When Karen went to bed, it was snowing. It (snow, still)
_______________________________ when she woke up in the morning.
5. Rita called me on the phone to tell me the good news.She (to pass)
______________________ her final exam in English.
6. I couldn’t think. The people around me (make) __________________________ too much
noise. Finally, I gave up and left to try to find a quiet place to work.
7. Are you still waiting for Peter? (he, come, not) ______________________________ yet? He’s
really late, isn’t he?
8. Otto (to be, never) ____________________________ in the hospital before. It was a new
experience for him.
9. A couple of weeks ago Mr. Brown, our office manager, surprised all of us. When he walked
into the office, he (to wear) __________________________a bright red jacket. Everyone
stopped and stared. Mr. Brown is a conservative dresser. Before that time, he (to wear, never)
_______________________ anything but a blue or gray suit. And he (wear, not)
_____________________ that jacket again since that time. He wore it only once.
33
Activity 10. Test yourself. Choose the correct verb form.
1. Were you at the race yesterday? I ______________ you there.

A: haven’t seen B: didn’t see
C: wasn’t seeing D: don’t see
2. Patty, please don’t interrupt me. I ________________ to Mom on the phone. Go and play
with your dolls.
A: talk B: have talked
C: am talking D: have been talking
3. Now listen carefully. When Aunt Betty _________________tomorrow, give her a big hug.
A: arrives B: will arrive
C: arrived D: is going to arrive
4. I ________________ my glasses three times so far this year. One time I dropped them on the
cement floor. Another time I sat on them. And this time I stepped on them.
A: broke B: was breaking
C: have broken D: have been breaking
5. Angela reached to the floor and picked up her glasses. They were broken. She
______________ on them.
A: stepped B: had stepped
C: was stepping D: has stepped
6. Dorothy gets angry easily. She __________________ a bad temper ever since she was a child.
A: has B: will have
C: had D: has had
7. Now, whenever Dorothy starts to lose her temper, she ______________ a deep breath and
_______________ to ten.
A: takes … counts B: has taken … counted
C: took … counted D: is taking … counting
8. I unlocked my door and walked into my flat. I was surprised to see my cousin there. He
________________ in the middle of the of the big room. He ________________ in through the
open window in the kitchen. I demanded to know why he was in my flat.
A: stood … was coming B: stood … came
C: was standing … came D: was standing … had come
9. Ever since I told Tom about my illness, he ___________________ me. Why are people like
that?
A: is avoiding B: avoided
C: avoids D: has been avoiding
10. The phone rang, so I __________ it up and _______________ hello.

A: picked … had said B: picked … said
C: was picking … said D: was picking … had said
34
11. In every culture, people _____________ jewelry since prehistoric times.
A: wear B: wore
C: have worn D: had worn
12. It’s hard for many young people to find jobs today. As a result, many young adults in their
twenties and even early thirties______________________ with their parents.
A: have still lived B: are still living
C: still lived D: were still living
13. Australian koala bears are interesting animals. They ______________ practically their entire
lives in trees without even coming down to the ground.
A: are spending B: have been spending
C: spent D: spend
14. It’s raining hard. It ___________________an hour ago and ________________yet.

A: starts … doesn’t stop B: started …. hasn’t stopped
C: has started … didn’t stop D: was starting … isn’t stopping
15. Nigel’s bags are almost ready for the trip. He _________________ for Syria later this
afternoon.
A: leave B: left
C: has left D: is leaving
16. I heard a slight noise, so I walked to the front door to investigate. I looked down at the floor
and saw a piece of paper. Someone_________________a note under the door to my
apartment.
A: has pushed B: is pushing
C: had pushed D: pushed
17. I walked slowly through the market. People _______________all kinds of fruits and
vegetables. I studied the prices carefully before I decided what to buy.
A: have sold B: sell
C: had sold D: were selling
18. The first advertisement on radio was broadcast in 1922. Since that time, companies
________________ tens of billions of dollars to advertise their products on radio and
television.
A: are spending B: have spent
C: spent D: spend
Activity 11. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Simple, the Past Continuous and the Past
Perfect.
1. When I (hear) his knock I (go) to the door and (open) it, but I (not / recognize) him at first because I
(not / wear) my glasses. _______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
2. When I (arrive) the lecture already (start)._______________________________________________
3. The rain (stop) and the sun (shine) brightly.______________________________________________
4. Unfortunately when I arrived Ann just (leave), so we only had time for a few words. _____________
35
___________________________________________________________________________________
5 .1 (watch) his eyes pretty closely while we (exchange) these remarks._________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. When we (reach) the field, the game already (start). ______________________________________
7. He suddenly (realize) that he (travel) in the wrong direction.________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
8. You looked very busy when I saw you last night. What you (do)?_____________________________
9. When I (look) for my passport, I (find) this old photograph._________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
10. He (not / be) there five minutes, when the storm (begin). _________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
11. He (not / allow) us to go out in the boat yesterday as a strong wind (blow).___________________
12. I (call) Paul at 7.00 but it wasn’t necessary because he already (get) up._______________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Activity 12. Use Present Perfect, Past Continious or Past Perfect.
1. When I went to bed, I turned on the radio. While I (sleep) _____________________

somebody
turned it off.
2. You’re from Italy? I (never, to be) ___________________ there. I’d like to go there someday.
3. I started to tell Dad the news, but he stopped me. He (already, to hear)
___________________
______________________________________it.
4. When Karen went to bed, it was snowing. It (snow, still) ___________________________
when she woke up in the morning.
5. Rita called me on the phone to tell me the good news. She (to pass)
_____________________
her final exam in English.
6. I couldn’t think. The people around me (make) ____________________________ too much
noise. Finally, I gave up and left to try to find a quiet place to work.
7. Are you still waiting for Peter? (he, come, not) _________________________yet? He’s really
late, isn’t he?
8. Otto (to be, never) _______________________ in the hospital before. It was a new
experience
for him.
9. A couple of weeks ago Mr. Brown, our office manager, surprised all of us. When he walked
into
the office, he (to wear) ________________________a bright red jacket. Everyone stopped and
stared. Mr. Brown is a conservative dresser. Before that time, he (to wear, never)
______________________________________________________________________________
anything but a blue or gray suit. And he (wear, not) ________________________ that jacket
again since that time. He wore it only once.
Home task: ________________________________________
36
Lesson 5.
What is happening in society?
The Future Perfect Tense (formation and usage)
 READING
Activity 1. Match photos A-C to the headlines and write them.
A _______________________________________________
B _______________________________________________
C _______________________________________________
 Look at the photos. What do you think happened in each situation? Write some
sentences about each one.
A_____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
B_____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
C_____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
A B
37
Activity 2. Read the articles and check your ideas.
Mother turns son in to police
Wellington, New Zealand - Sandra Matthews called it the toughest day of her life, but she felt
she had no choice after seeing the CCTV footage on the TV news showing her son robbing a
local shop.
I wanted to talk to Simon first before I contacted the police, but I couldn't get in touch with
him,' said Ms Matthews. 'So I just walked into the police station and turned him in.'
The heartbroken mother told police that it was her son Simon, 21, who security cameras
showed pointing a gun at the manager of the shop and stuffing cash into a bag. It was the
second of two robberies there this month.
Police found Matthews hiding at a friend's house later that day and arrested him.
Ms Matthews also apologised to the shop manager Carl Ruiz. 'I just felt so bad. It must have
been a real shock for him,' she said.
'He's my son, and I love him, but I didn't see any other option except to turn him in,' Sandra
said. 'I couldn't call myself a good mother if I hadn't.'
'I admire her,' a family friend said. 'If i were in the same situation, I'd find it difficult to turn
my son in.'
38
Activity 3. Match statements 1-8 with the people mentioned in the articles (Akira Sakamoto,
Sandra Matthews, Beecham couple).
1. His mouth was covered but I recognised him from his eyes.
2. I just thought we were lucky, that's all. I didn't think it was illegal.
3. We had no idea the weather could change like that.
4. It's happened to us before - the last time was just a few days ago.
5. I was so angry at myself that I couldn't sleep all night.
6. That's why we always tell people to keep the receipt in a serarate place.
7. I didn't really think seriously about leaving them there.
8. She shouldn't have done it.
 SPEAKING
Activity 4. Match photos A-D with crimes in the box.
graffiti, murder, drink driving, speeding
 Discuss. Are any of these crimes a problem in your town/city?
thief, prison sentence, fine, graffiti, community service,

_____________________________________________________________________________
shoplifter, shoplifting, theft, fraud

_____________________________________________________________________________
39
 GRAMMAR
The Future Perfect Tense

S. + WILL + HAVE + P.II S.+ WILL + NOT + HAVE +P.II WILL + S. + HAVE + P.II ?
I shall have worked I shall not have worked Shall I have worked?
I’ll have worked I won’t (shan’t) have
worked
 We use the Future Perfect Tense for an action, which will be finished before a
definite moment in the future.
by 5 o’clock tomorrow.
He will have finished his work

when I call him.
 The Future Perfect Tense is used with the following time expressions:
before, by, by then, by the time

until/till (only in negative sentences)
She will have finished the report by tomorrow.
She won’t have completed the report until/till 5 o’clock.
Activity 5. Put the verb in brackets into the Future Perfect.
1 .I (translate) this letter by 6 o’clock this afternoon.

2. I (make) this doll by her birthday.
3. He (not/learn) his lesson by tomorrow, if he has not begun to study it yet.
4. This work is so arduous, that I (not/complete) it in a year’s time.
5. After you finish this book, you (learn) over a thousand words.
6. By the end of the month the commission (come) to some decision.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
40
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Activity 6. Answer the questions in the Future Perfect Tense, using the words in brackets.
 Example: Will you still be busy if I call you at six? (finish)

Oh, no, we will have finished by that time.
1. Will they still be staying at the hotel tomorrow? (move to their new house)
___________________________________________________________________
2. Will you be discussing the plan at 2 o’clock? (make a decision)
___________________________________________________________________
3. Will your students be writing a test at ten in the morning? (finish)
___________________________________________________________________
4. Will your brother still be a student next autumn? (graduate)
___________________________________________________________________
5. Will you still remember me in five years? (forget)
___________________________________________________________________
6. Will he be at home on Saturday? (leave for Scotland)
___________________________________________________________________
7. Will she be expecting your call tomorrow morning? (receive my letter)

___________________________________________________________________
8. Will ydu be having a lesson when I come home? (go to the swimming-pool)
___________________________________________________________________
Activity 7 . Put the verb in brackets into the Present Simple, the Future Simple and the Future
Perfect.
1. He (be) here for two hours by the time you (come) back.
2. “It (be) very late.” - “They (be) back soon.”
3. “There (be) no planes tonight.” - “Never mind, I (go) by train.”
4. You (be) angry if I (talk) to you about it?
5. By the time you (finish) cooking they (do) their work.
6. “I (be) afraid, my train (leave) by that time.” - “(not/worry), I (drive) you home.”
7 .I hope it (stop) snowing by tomorrow morning.
8. If you (think) it over you (see) I am right.
9. If you (not/take) a taxi, you (be) late. By the time you (get) to the theatre the first act (be)
over and you (miss) the most interesting dialogues.
___________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
41
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Home task: ________________________________________
Lesson 6.
Theme: Leasure. Travelling.
Perfect Continuous Tenses.
The Present Perfect Continuous Tense (formation and usage)
 READING
Activity 1. Look at the words in the box. In pairs, tell each other which of the form of
transport is, in your opinion:
the cheapest?
the most comfortable?
Your personal favourite? Why?
………………………………………………………………………………….
train bus or coach car plane bike hitch-hiking
………………………………………………………………………………….
Activity 2. Read the following article about different ways of travelling. Using the text,
complete the gaps in the sentences 1-7 with one word or number only.
42
Activity 3. Read the text again and find the following numbers. What do they refer to?
Activity 4. Match the highlighted words from the text to the definitions.
Travel round Europe
43
Activity 6. Imagine you nave been asked for advice about a cheap but interesting holiday in
your country. Write a short text using the following headings:
Places to go: It’s worth going to/ visiting …

Transport: You can take …
Accommodation: You can stay at/in …
Food: If you want to eat well without spending a fortune, …
Things to do: Depending on what you like, you can …
 GRAMMAR
THE PERFECT CONTINUOUS FORMS
to have + been + Participle I (-ing)
The Present Perfect Continuous Tense
S. + HAVE/HAS + BEEN + P.I S.+HAVE/HAS+NOT+BEEN+P.I HAVE/HAS+ S.+ BEEN + P.I ?
I have been working I have not been working Have I been working?
He has been working He has not been working Has he been working?
I’ve been working I’ve not been working

He’s been working He’s not been working
44
Activity 7. Put the verb in brackets into the Present Perfect Continuous.
1. I (work) on this problem for two months.

_____________________________________________________________________________
2. She (sleep) all this time? ______________________________________________________
3. You (talk) this nonsense all day long.
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. “Any news about your latest project?” - “I just (tell) about it.”
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. He says he (not/feel) well for the past week.

_____________________________________________________________________________
6. You are red all over. How long you (lie) in the sun today?
_____________________________________________________________________________
7. I (try) to get you all day, George!

_____________________________________________________________________________
8. I (not/sleep) well for months. _________________________________________________

45
9. We (see) each other regularly since the party at Helen’s.
____________________________________________________________________________
10. “Jack isn’t working now.” - “He (not/work) for years.”
_____________________________________________________________________________
 COMPARE:
The Present Continuous The Present Perfect Continuous

when? - (now) how long?
What are you writing?
I am writing a letter. I have been writing it for an hour.
Activity 8. Open the brackets.
1. There is nobody in that room.______________________________ you (read) detective

stories again?
2. What __________________________________________________________________you
(do) here?
3. He_____________________________________________________(do) his lessons since
after lunch.
4. “Where’s Fred?” - “He____________________________________ (work) in the garden.
He_______________________________________________________ (plant) rose bushes since
dawn.”
5. All things in the drawing-room are out of place. The children _________________ (play) hide-
and-seek!
6. I__________________________________________(think) of your aunt’s proposal since we
last met.
7. Where you____________________________________________(swim) at this early hour of
the day?
8. We ___________________________________ (stay) at the Regent Hotel; won’t you come
and see us?
9. For a week now those mice_____________________________________ (steal) food from
the pantry.
10. Down by the pine woods they _______________________________________ (lay) out a
new road.
Activity 9. Use the Present Continuous or the Present Perfect Continuous
1. He had barely entered the room when his secretary said: “Somebody (ring) for you for the last five
minutes.” _________________________________________________________________________
2. I (read) Shakespeare in уоuг absence and now I

________________________________________(try) to learn this beautiful sonnet.
46
3. “What the children _______________________________________(do)? - “They
______________________________________________ (play) games all morning and now they
_______________________________________________(learn) to tell time by the position of the
sun.”
4. “Our friends ________________________________ (leave).” - “How long they

___________________________________________________________________(stay) with you?”
5. “What you __________________________________________________________ (think) about?” -

“I ______________________________________________________________________ (not/think),
I __________________________________________________________(count) the birds in the
sky.”
6. “Where’s my daughter?” - “She __________________________________(talk) to a policeman.” -

“What’s happened?” - “She _________________________________________(drive) without a license.”
7. What you ___________________________________________ (do) to yourself since I've been away?
8. “Florence, dear, I ______________________________(look) for you everywhere.” - “What's

happened?” - “Mr Cusak __________________________________________(wait) for you in the
house.”
 COMPARE:
The Present Perfect The Present Perfect Continuous

focus on the result focus on the activity itself
How many/How much? How long?
The rain has stopped already. It has been raining for all the day.
(the result) (the duration of an action)
Activity 10. Are the underlined verbs right or wrong? Correct them where necessary.
1. Bob is a friend of mine. I know him very well. OK

2. Bob is a friend of mine. I know him for a long time. I’ve known him
3. Sue and Alan are married since July.
4. The weather is awful. It's raining again.
5. The weather is awful. It's raining all day.
6. I like your house. How long are you living there?
7. Gary is working in a shop for the last few months.
8. I don't know Tim well. We've only met a few times.
9. I gave up drinking coffee. I don't drink it for a year.
10. That's a very old bike. How long do you have it?
Activity 11. Read the situations and write questions from the words in brackets.
1. John tells you that his mother is in hospital. You ask him:
(how long / be / in hospital? How long has your mother been in hospital?
2. You meet a woman who tells you that she teaches English. You ask her:
47
(how long / teach / English?
3. You know that Jane is a good friend of Caroline's. You ask Jane:
(how long / know / Caroline?)
4. Your friend's brother went to Australia some time ago and he's still there.
You ask your friend: (how long / be / in Australia?)
5. Tim always wears the same jacket. It's a very old jacket. You ask him:
(how long / have / that jacket?)
6. You are talking to a friend about Joe. Joe now works at the airport. You ask your friend:
(how long / work / at the airport?
7. A friend of yours is learning to drive. You ask him:
(how long / learn / to drive?)
8. You meet somebody on a plane. She says that she lives in Chicago. You ask her: (always/
live / in Chicago?)
Activity 12. Choose the correct verb form.
1. Where have you been? I__________________________ for you for over an hour!
(am waiting, have been waiting).
2. I’m exhausted! I _____________________ for the last eight hours without a break.
(am working, have been working).
3. Shhh! Karen _________________________ . Let’s not make any noise. We don’t want to
wake her up (is sleeping, has been sleeping).
4. Lora, go upstairs and wake your sister up. She ____________________ for over ten hours.
She has a lot of job to do (is sleeping, has been sleeping).
5. Ann has never gone camping. She _________________________in a tent (has never slept,
has never been sleeping).
6. This is a great shirt! I _____________________ it at least ten times, and it still looks like new.
(have washed, have been washing).
7. Aren’t you about finishing with the dishes? You ____________________ dishes for thirty
minutes or more. How long can it take to wash dishes? (have washed, have been washing).
8. We _______________________to the Beijing restaurant many times. The food is excellent.
(have been, have been doing).
Home task: ________________________________________
48
Lesson 7.
The Present Perfect Continuous Tense vs the Present Perfect Tense
 READING

The Least Successful Day Trip
Few people have packed more into a day trip than Michael and Lillian Long from Kent
who took the ferry from their home in England to Boulogne in France in 1987. On Easter
Sunday this adventurous couple went for a short walk around the town. In no time they
were spectacularly lost and showing all the qualities of born explorers.
'We walked and walked,' Mrs Long recalled, 'and the further we walked to try to get
back, the further we walked away from Boulogne.'
Unable to speak French, they felt embarrassed about asking the way, so they walked
throughout the night until finally the next morning a driver gave them a lift to small
village they did wrong destination - Paris. In the French capital they spent all their
remaining money on catching what they thought was the express train back to
Boulogne. After an enjoyable trip they arrived in Luxembourg on Monday.
Two hours later police put them on the train back to Paris, but it divided and their half
ended up in Basel, an attractive medieval town in the north of Switzerland.
Having no money, they tried to find work, but without success. The railway company
offered them a free ticked to Belfort, thinking that this was where they had come from.
Once they got off the train, our heroes hiked forty-two miles to Vesoul, hitched a lift to
Paris and then nearly boarded the train to Bonn in Germany.
Diverted just in time to the right platform, they finally reached Boulogne a week after
they had set out on their walk. They had covered a distance of almost 1,700 km without
luggage, maps or any idea of where they were. When he arrived at Dover harbour, Mr
Long said it was the first time they had travelled abroad and that they would not be
leaving England again.
49
Activity 2. Read the text about a day trip. For questions 1-6, choose the correct answer A-D.
 SPEAKING
 Think about the journeys below.
50
 GRAMMAR
Activity 3. Complete the story with the Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous.
In a short period, Anita Roddick (become) ________________________ one of the most

successful businesswomen in the world. She is the owner of an international chain of stores
that sells soaps, body lotions, and creams.
The first Body Shop opened in Brighton, England, in 1976. Since then, more than 700
stores in more than forty different countries around the world (open)
___________________________ . Roddick spends almost half of her life travelling. Right now
she is “on the road.” For the past several months, she (travel)
________________________________ around the world in search of new ideas for her body-
care products. Roddickis more than a businesswoman. She (receive)
__________________________________ several awards, including the United Nations Global
500 environmental award. She is also concerned with human rights, and she (start)
_______________________________________a London newspaper that is sold by homeless
people. Roddick (write) ____________________________________ an autobiography, called
Body and Soul: Profits with Principles. Published in 1991, the book shows how Roddick
____________________successfully (combine)____________________________________
business with social responsibility.
Activity 4. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect and the Present Perfect
Continuous.
1. Many people believe that our climate ______________________________________
(change) very markedly.
2. I _________________________________________ (collect) the pictures with bridges
since I graduated from the University. Now I _____________________________(collect)
enough to organize an interesting exhibition.
3. She ____________________________(read) a fairytale to the children since breakfast.
They _____________________________(not/, finish) yet.
4. Those people _______________________________________(wait) for a tram for the
last fifteen minutes. I’m afraid, they don’t know that the electricity ______________(go)
out.
5. What _______________________(happen) to Mary? John ________________(ring) her
up the whole evening and nobody ____________________________________(answer).
6. “You _____________________________ (come) out at last,” he said. “Well, I
__________________________________ (stand) here long, and
_________________________________________________(listen) to the nightingale.”
7. So, you ______________________ (arrive). We just __________________(speak) of
you.
8. “How long you _______________________ (know) about it?” - “I ____________(know)
it all the time.”
9. “Why you _______________________________(turn) off the music?” - “I
____________ ________________________________(play) the records for hours; I'm
tired now.”
10. I definitely __________________________________________(decide) to give Pendle
up.
51
Activity 5. Decide on the correct form of the verb with each word combination.
 Example: (She/clean/the flat/for two hours) - She has been cleaning the flat for two hours.
(She/do/two rooms/so far) - She has done two rooms so far.
1. (I/read/the book/in the qarden/ for a few hours).

___________________________________________________________________________
(l/read/three of Byron’s poems).
___________________________________________________________________________
2. (Mother/sew/in the morning room/since lunch).
_____________________________________________________________________
(She/make/a ball dress/for me).
___________________________________________________________________________
3. (My brother/ski/since childhood).
___________________________________________________________________________
(He/take part/in many championships).
___________________________________________________________________________
4. (Father/write/children’s poems/since he retired).

_____________________________________________________________________
(He/write/four books).
___________________________________________________________________________
Activity 6. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect
Continuous Tense.
1. We (meet) before?
______________________________________________________________________________
2. I often (see) his name in the papers this year.

______________________________________________________________________________
3. I (try) to catch the waiter’s attention for about 15 minutes now.

______________________________________________________________________________
4. She (study) English for a year and (learn) many words and expressions.
______________________________________________________________________________
5. I (not/hear) about him since yesterday.

______________________________________________________________________________
6. I (look) for him since I finished my lesson but I (not/find) him. I (be) to his office and to the
laboratory but he isn't there. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
7. “Hello, Sven. You (see) Alex yet?” - “No, I (not/be) to the shop floor today. I (talk) on the phone
to our clients all morning.”
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
8. I (be) up here since about six. I (wander) around for hours.

______________________________________________________________________________
52
9. I (come) to you to invite you for a ride in the car.
______________________________________________________________________________
I expect these young men (inform) you who I am.
______________________________________________________________________________
10. I really don’t know what you (do) there all this time.
______________________________________________________________________________
11. I (love) you ever since I first saw you.

______________________________________________________________________________
Activity 7. Open the brackets. Use the Past Continuous, the Past Simple, the Present Perfect
or the Present Perfect Continuous.
1. Greg (return) at last. Mary (wait) for him so long.

________________________________________________________________________
2. Margaret, you (read) my letters. Don’t deny it.
________________________________________________________________________
3. When I (come) home, Mother (make) breakfast and Father (have) his morning tea.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4. When you (discuss) it? I never (hear) the subject mentioned.
________________________________________________________________________
5. No, you can’t go to the Smiths’. You (be) there twice this week.
________________________________________________________________________
6. Why, you (not/change) at all. I (recognise) you the moment I (see) you.
_______________________________________________________________________
7. Terry (go) shopping already?
_______________________________________________________________________
8. When you (go) to bed?
_______________________________________________________________________
9. I (offer) to buy them out.
_______________________________________________________________________
10. My dear girl, you (overeat) for years. You (lose) your looks, you (lose) your figure. You
can’t get back to normal overnight. Remember what doctor Lecter (tell) you on Monday.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
11. I (see) her when I (drive) past their house on my way to work.
_______________________________________________________________________
12. He (not/say) a single word to me yet and he (get) that letter on Sunday.
_______________________________________________________________________
13. The children (talk) of nothing else for weeks.
_______________________________________________________________________
14. And we (sing) together ever since that time.

_______________________________________________________________________
15. Where he (be)? - He (sit) at his desk. He (not/move) since she (leave).
_______________________________________________________________________
Home task: ________________________________________

53
Lesson 8.
The Past Perfect Continuous Tense (formation and usage)
 SPEAKING
Activity 1. Read the questions 1-8 and match them to the beginnings of sample answers a-h.
Activity 2. Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions from Exercise 1.
Give answers that are true for you and say as much as you can.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
54
Activity 3. Talk about holidays and travelling. Talk about:
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
 GRAMMAR
The Past Perfect Сontinuous Tense

S. + HAD + BEEN + P.I S.+ HAD+ NOT + BEEN + P.I HAD + S. + BEEN + P.I ?
I had been working I had not been working Had I been working?
I’d been working I hadn’t been working
 We use the Past Perfect Continuous Tense to put emphasis on the duration of an action
which started and finished in the past before another past action or a definite time in
the past, usually with since or for – it is inclusive – the action continued up to a definite
moment and was still going on at that moment.
They had been looking for a house for six months before they found one they liked.
We had been climbing for six hours when at last we reached the summit of the
moutain.
 The Past Perfect Continuous Tense is used to denote an action which lasted for some
time in the past and whose result was visible in the past – it is exclusive - an action
which was no longer going on at a definite moment in the past, but which had been in
progress not long before.
Last Friday Ron had to fly to New York. His flight was delayed. He was annoyed.
He had been waiting at the airport for three hours. (He waited at the airport for three
hours and the result of the action was visible in the past – he was annoyed)
55
I had been driving for ten hours, so I felt exhausted. (The action – had been driving –
lasted for some time in the past. The result – felt exhausted – was also visible in the
past).
Activity 4. Read the situations and make up sentences from the words in brackets.
1. I was very tired when I arrived home. (I / work / hard all day). I had been working hard
all day.
2. The two boys came into the house. They had a football and they were both very tired.
(they / play / football)
______________________________________________________
3. I was disappointed when I had to cancel my holiday. (I / look / forward to it) _________
_______________________________________________________________________
4. Ann woke up in the middle of the night. She was frightened and didn't know where she
was. (she / dream)_________________________________________________________
5. When I got home, Tom was sitting in front of the TV. He had just turned it off. (he /
watch / a film)
_______________________________________________________________________
Activity 5. Put the verb into the most suitable form, Past Continuous (I was doing), Past
Perfect (I had done) or Past Perfect Continuous (I had been doing).
1. It was very noisy next door. Our neighbours were having (have) a party.
2. We were good friends. We had known (know) each other for years.
3. John and I went for a walk. I had difficulty keeping up with him because he
____________
______________________ (walk) so fast.
4. Sue was sitting on the ground. She was out of breath. She_______________________
(run).
5. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table with their mouths full.
They________________________________________________________ (eat).
6. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table and talking. Their mouths were
empty, but their stomachs were full. They___________________________________
(eat).
7. Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He_____________________________
(look) for his contact lens.
8. When I arrived, Kate_________________________ (wait) for me. She was annoyed with
me because I was late and she_______________________________ (wait) for a long
time.
9. I was sad when I sold my car. I___________________________________ (have) it for a
very long time.
10. We were extremely tired at the end of the journey.
We____________________________________________(travel) for more than 24
hours.
56
Activity 6. Read the situations and complete the sentences.
1. We played tennis yesterday. Half an hour after we began playing, it started to rain.
We had been playing for half an hour when it started to rain.
2. I had arranged to meet Tom in a restaurant. I arrived and waited for him. After 20
minutes I suddenly realised that I was in the wrong restaurant.
I_________________________________for 20 minutes when I______________________
________________________________the wrong restaurant.
3. Sarah got a job in factory. Five years later the factory closed down.
At the time the factory________________________, Sarah_________________________
_________________________________________________________there for five years.
4. I went to a concert last week. The orchestra began playing. After about ten minutes a
man in the audience suddenly started shouting.
The orchestra__________________________________when________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
5. The lecturer began to speak. After 15 minutes the dean came in.
The lecturer _______________________________ for 15 minutes when ______________
__________________________________________________________________________
6. Larry had arranged to meet Amy at her hotel in London. He had lost the address but he
thought it was the Savoy. So he went there. After half an hour waiting he realized that
he had come to the wrong hotel.
Larry ____________________________________when _____________________________
7. My father-in-law went to work in America in 1943. Two years later the war ended.
My father-in-law ________________________________when _______________________
Activity 7. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Simple, the Past Continuous and the Past
Perfect Tenses.
1. When I (get) home that evening, my little son (eat) dinner himself for the first time.
_____________________________________________________________________
2. My sister’s wedding (be) the only thing everybody (talk) at home for the last two weeks.
______________________________________________________________________
3. They (go) back to the hotel and up to their suite, where they (expect) the inspector at
six-
thirty._________________________________________________________________
4. Presently he (turn) to look at the corner where she (stand).
______________________________________________________________________
5. Scarlett, who (fan) herself with a turkey-tall fan, (stop) abruptly.
______________________________________________________________________
6. He just (leave) for the airport when I (call).
______________________________________________________________________
7. “Who are you thinking of?” he (ask) after he (look) at me for a few seconds.
______________________________________________________________________
8. They (stand) in the open front doorway, waiting for her to come in out of the rain.
______________________________________________________________________
57
Activity 8. Make sentences for the following situations.
 Example: It was 3 o’clock when Jill went out to look for her son and 6 o’clock when she found
him. – Jill had been looking for her son for three hours before she found him.
1. Roger Morgan got his first job in the film industry when he was 20. He made his first film
when he was 25.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
2. Roy started studying for his doctorate when he was 25. He got it when he was 30.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
3. Mary started in the shop when she was 19. When she was 29, she became the
manageress.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
4. Miss Roach began her driving lessons in January 2020. She didn’t pass her test until
January 2021.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
5. She started writing her composition at 8 in the evening. She gave it up at midnight and
went to bed.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
6. Roger went to the bus stop at 7. It was 7.30 when the bus came.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
7. You ordered the meal at 2, and the waiter brought it at 3.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
8. They went for a walk in the park at 11. It was 12 when it began to rain.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
9. Peter and I arranged to meet at 6 but he came only at 6.30.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
10. The programme was interesting. I started to watch TV at 9 when the telephone rang at
10.____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Home task: ________________________________________
58
Lesson 9.
The Future Perfect Continuous Tense (formation and usage)
 SPEAKING
Activity 1. Work in pairs.

Look at the words in the box and choose two things for travellers 1-3 below.
suitcase notebook digital cameras

souvenirs waterproof clothes dictionary
walking boots sun hat backpack binoculars
map umbrella
1 a grandmother visiting her grandchildren in Australia
2 a student travelling around the world
3 a tourist visiting the sights in New York
Activity 2. Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
1. Do you travel light?

2. What do you usually pack when you go away for a short trip/long holday?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Activity 3. Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
1. What type of holidays can you see in the photos?

Which do you prefer? Why?
2. Is there anything that you really love doing when you are on holidays?
3. When you travel, do you try to learn about the place, its customs and its language?
Why/Why not?
4. Do you enjoy visiting tourist areas, old cities, new cities, or none of these?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
59
Activity 4. Work in pairs. Read an email describing a trip and discuss. What were the
good/bad things about the trip?
Hi Paolo,
I hope you’re well. I’ve just got back from my trip to Poland. It was wonderful. First we flew to
Warsaw. We were only there for two days, but we managed to see lots of interesting sights like
the Royal Castle and the National Museum. Then we had a day in Krakow, which was beautiful,
especially the huge square in the Old Town. Unfortunately, after a while, it started raining, so
we spent the afternoon chatting with locals in a bar. After that, we took a train to Lodz. I loved
it. We visited various museums and walked along the famous Piotrkowska Street. Finally, we
caught the plane back home. It was a great trip and we met lots of really friendly Poles, who
promised to visit us in Spain!
Love, Irina
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
 WRITING
Activity 5. Write an email to a friends about a trip or a weekend away.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
60
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
 GRAMMAR
The Future Perfect Сontinuous Tense

S.+ WILL+ HAVE + BEEN +P.I S.+WILL+HAVE+ NOT+ BEEN+P.I WILL+S.+HAVE + BEEN + P.I ?
I will have been working I will not have been working Will I have been working?
I’ll have been working I won’t have been working
 We use the Future Perfect Continuous Tense to emphasise the duration of an action up
to a certain time in the future –
By the end of next month, she will have been teaching for twenty years.
By the next August she will have been teaching English for 30 years.
 The Future Perfect Continuous Tense is used with: by, for.
 Note: After the time expressions by the time, until, before, we use the Present Simple
because they introduce time clauses. The Future Perfect and the Future Perfect
Continuous may come either before or after the time clause:
I won’t have finished cleaning the house until you come back.
By the time they reach York they will have been travelling for four hours.
Activity 5. Put the verb in brackets into the Future Perfect Continuous.
1. By the end of this month we _____________________________________ (learn) this

language for ten years.
2. When my daughter goes to school we ________________________________________ (live)
here for over five years.
3. When the new century begins, they ________________________________ (reconstruct)
this church for nearly 25 years.
4. If nobody stops him, he ________________________________________ (grumble) for
hours.
61
5. We can get there at 7 at the earliest. They will be painting the fence. If we arrive at 8.30,
they ____________________________________________________________ (paint) it for 3
hours at least; and if we come at 9.30, they will have probably finished the work.
Activity 6. Translate into English.
1. На той час, як він закінчить університет, його батьки пропрацюють в Південній Африці
два роки.
2. Ми будемо рекламувати ці товари кілька місяців до того часу, як вони з'являться на
ринку.
3. На майбутній рік до цього часу вона буде вивчати французьку вже два роки.
4. До того часу, коли вона приїде, я вже буду жити тут протягом двох років.
5. До того часу, як ти повернешся, я буду писати вже третій портрет.
6. Скільки часу вони будуть показувати цей фільм, поки ти не привезеш новий?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Home task: ________________________________________
Lesson 10.
Types of Questions in English
 SPEAKING
Activity 1. Answer the questions.
1. Have you ever been on a long and/or difficult jorney?

2. What can you remember about it?
62
Activity 2. Read the programme information and answer the questions?
1. What does Michael Palin do?

2. Where does he travel to in Full Circle?
3. How does he travel in this episode?
Activity 3. Describe something that happened to you on a trip or journey. Think about
questions 1-8 and make notes.
1.Where and when did you go?

______________________________________________________________________________
2. Who were you with?
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. What was the kind of transport?
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. How long did the trip take?
______________________________________________________________________________
5. What places did you see during the journey?

______________________________________________________________________________
6. Did anything go wrong during the journey?
______________________________________________________________________________
7. What happened while you were travelling?
______________________________________________________________________________
8. How did you feel?
______________________________________________________________________________
Activity 4. Work in groups. Tell your travel stories. Which were the most interesting and/or
funniest stories you heard?
63
Activity 5. Make up some sentences using the phrases (see below).
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
 VOCABULARY
Activity 6. Look at the word-box and put the words under the following Headings:
1) Types of holiday;
____________________________________________________________
2) Places there people stay on holiday;
____________________________________________________________
3) Places people visit on holiday;
____________________________________________________________
4) Preparation for vacation;

____________________________________________________________
5) Things people do on holiday;
____________________________________________________________
6) Problems people have on holiday.
____________________________________________________________
64
Word-box: To book tickets, camping, resort, museums, queues, ‘bed and breakfast’, crowds, to
relax, delays, sunbathing, sightseeing, beach, tent, cruise, lost luggage, youth hostel, excursion,
sunburn, safari, packing baggage, gallery, windsurfing, round-the-world trip, bungalow, to go
on tour, hitchhiking.
 GRAMMAR
ТИПИ ПИТАЛЬНИХ РЕЧЕНЬ
 _____________________ (general question)

 _____________________ (alternative question)

 _______________________
_____________________ (general
(special question)
question)
 _______________________
_____________________ ***(alternative question)
 _______________________ (special question)
 _______________________ (disjunctive question)
 _______________________ (subject question)
***
 They usually have breakfast at 8 o’clock.
 Tom seldom eats fast food.
 The students are having English now.
 The boy broke the window yesterday.
 Mary has just watched the film on TV.
 He will meet them in the park in two hours.
 She can speak English fluently.
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 Загальними називаються питання, на які можна відповісти словами уеs/no.
Загальне питання формується за допомогою інверсії (непрямого порядку
слів)- допоміжні дієслова ставляться перед підметом на початок речення.
 Do you like this part of the country? – Yes, I do. /No, I don’t.
 Is the weather fine today? – Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.
 Did he do his homework yesterday? – Yes, he did. /No, he didn’t.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Put the general questions to the sentences given above***
 Альтернативні питання — це питання вибору. Вони складаються з двох

частин, з'єднаних сполучником оr. В таких питаннях
використовується непрямий порядок слів, як і в загальному питанні.
 Do you like this or that part of the country?
 Is the weather fine or nasty?
 Did he do his homework yesterday or the day before yesterday?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Put the alternative questions to the sentences given above***

above____________________________________________________________________________
Put the alternative questions to the sentences given
__ above***
66
Special question (спеціальне питання) – вид питання, який використовується для
отримання додаткової конкретної інформації, з'ясування певного факту або
обставини. Спеціальні питання завжди починаються з певного питального слова,
що вказує на те, яка саме інформація необхідна (What? Who? Whose? Whom? Where?
When? etc.) Після питального слова вживається такий самий порядок слів, що й в
загальному питанні.
 What part of the country do you like?

 What is the weather like today?
 When did he do his homework?
_______________________________________________________________________
_
_______________________________________________________________________
_
_______________________________________________________________________
_
_______________________________________________________________________
_
_______________________________________________________________________
_
_______________________________________________________________________
_
_______________________________________________________________________
Activity_7. Write the correct auxiliary verb.
Put the special questions to the sentences above***
1. What _______ you doing?
2. What ________ you think of the book?
3. __________ Lucy and John coming to the party?
4. Where __________ Mark usually go on holiday?
5. Why ________ you want to stay home today?
6. How much ___________ those jeans cost?
7. Why _________ you wearing rubber gloves?
8. How many languages ____________ your friend speak?
9. __________ you know where Peter is?
10. When ________ Alice coming to see us?
11. ________ you like travelling by train?
12. How often ________ you have English?
13. What ________ you do at weekends?
14. Why ________ you learning English?
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Activity 8. Write the correct auxiliary verb.
1. Where do you live?

2. How long_______________you lived there?
3. Who________________you live with?
4. Why __________ you studying English?
5. ________________you study here last year?
6. How many countries _____________you been to in your life?
7. What ___________ you do last New Year?
8. Why ___________ Henry live so far away?
9. What ____________you do to relax?
10. _________________you go anywhere interesting last week?
11. What________you going to do after classes?
12. How many times ________________you moved house?
13. How long __________________you known your best friend?
14. ________________you studying any other languages at the moment?
Activity 9. Put the general, alternative and special questions to the sentences.
1. My parents have invited a lot of guests.

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Summer is my favourite season.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. My sister always brings me a present from her holidays.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
4. Charlie's brother arrived at the airport.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
5. His father will go for a business trip next week.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
6. Kate likes going to the cinema.
_____________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
7. Tom is a high - qualified specialist.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
8. They have bought a new car.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
9. My friends will be here in a minute.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
10. Your brother can’t sing very well.
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Home task: ________________________________________
69
Lesson 11.
Theme: Sport. You win some, you lose some.
Types of Questions in English. Disjunctive Questions.
Question Tags.
 READING
Activity 2. Read the text quickly, ignoring the gaps. Match summaries A-G to paragraphs 1-7.
 VOCABULARY
achievement (n) __________________________________

acquire (v) _______________________________________
carry out (phr v) __________________________________
expose (v) _______________________________________
motor skills (n) ___________________________________
running up (phr v) ________________________________
stare (v) ________________________________________
70
Activity 3. Look at the seven sentences in Exercise 5. Match each sentence with an idea.
71
Activity 4. Decide if each idea is mentioned in the paragraph or not. Write Yes or No.
Activity 5. Read the text again. Choose which sentence A-G fits each gap 1-6. There is one
extra sentence you do not need.
 USE OF ENGLISH
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 GRAMMAR
 Disjunctive question (розділове питання) – особливий вид питань,

що складається з розповідного речення (стверджувального або
ж заперечного) та короткого загального питання. В питальній
частині використовується те ж допоміжне або модальне
дієслово, що й в розповідній частині, або ж те, що необхідно
використовувати для утворення питання для головної частини.
Такі питання потребують відповіді «так» або «ні».
 You like this part of the country, don’t you?
 The weather is fine today, isn’t it?
 He did his homework yesterday, didn’t he?
73
1
Question Tags are formed with the auxiliary or modal verb from
the main sentence and the appropriate subject pronoun. When the
verb of the sentence is in the present or past simple, we form the
question tag with do, does or did and the subject pronoun.
 Mike lives in California, doesn’t he?

 They sold their house, didn’t they?
A positive statement is followed by a negative question tag, and a
negative statement is followed by a positive question tag.
 She looks beautiful, doesn’t she?

 You don’t eat meat, do you?
When the sentence contains a word with a negative meaning

like never, hardly, seldom or rarely, the question tag is
positive.
 She never goes anywhere alone, does she?
 When we are sure of the answer and expect agreement,

the voice goes down in the question tag.
This isn’t a cat, is it?
When we aren’t sure of the answer and want to check

Information, the voice goes up in the question tag.
This is a donkey, isn’t it?
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Some verbs/expressions form question tags differently.
 Study the following examples:
Put the disjunctive questions to the sentences below***
***
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Activity 8. Fill in the correct question tags and short answers.

1. A: You’ve seen that film, … haven’t you…?
B: Yes, … I have … .
2. A: They want to go skiing this year, ________________________________ ?
B: No, _____________________. They want to go on an adventure holiday.
3. A: He’ll probably be hungry when he comes in, _______________________?
B: Yes, _______________________________ I’ll make him some sandwiches.
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4. A: She likes going to the cinema, ___________________________________?
B: No, _____________________. She prefers going to the thetre.
5. A: You’ve been to the university, ___________________________________?
B: Yes, ________________________________________________________ .
6. A: I’m a bit younger than Sally, _____________________________________?
B: Yes, _________________________________________________________.
7. A: They aren’t moving, ___________________________________________ ?
B: Yes, _________________________________________________________ .
8. A: You won’t forget to call me, _____________________________________ ?
B: No, ______________________________________________ . Don’t worry.
9. A: You took some photographs at the ceremony, _______________________ ?
B: Yes, _________________________________________. They’re in this album.
10. A: He knows I’m planning a party for him, _____________________________ ?
B: No, ____________________________________. He doesn’t suspect a thing.
11. A: They have bought a new car, _____________________________________ ?
B: Yes, ________________________________________________. It’s a Volvo.
12. A: He works for his father, __________________________________________ ?
B: Yes, _______________________________. His father owns a large company.
13. A: I’m not late, ___________________________________________________ ?
B: No, __________________________________________. You’re just on time.
14. A: They’ll be here in a minute, _________________________________________ ?
B: Yes, __________________________________________ . We’d better tidy up.
15. A: You did the washing up, ____________________________________________ ?
B: Yes, ________________________________________ and I cleaned the kitchen.
Activity 9. Write question tags for these sentences.

1. Your sister did law too, _______________________?
2. She works for a big law firm now, _______________?
3. You're coming to my party, ____________________?
4. Dave hasn't got a girl friend, ___________________?
5. You eat meat, _______________________________?
6. You've got a drink, ___________________________?
7. Tom went to school with you, __________________?
8. He isn't here today, ___________________________?

1. You eat fish, _________________________________?
2. You're a vegetarian, ___________________________?
3. Children love barbecues, _______________________?
4. They came round for dinner once, ________________?
5. He's very sociable, _____________________________?
6. Their garden is looking very nice, _________________?
7. I’ve cooked too much food, ______________________?
8. We've got a barbecue like yours, __________________?
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1. You haven’t learnt English long, ________________________?

2. You work here, _____________________________________?
3. Simon can play the violin, _____________________________?
4. These sandwiches are delicious, ________________________?
5. The weather forcast wasn’t very good, ___________________?
6. Let’s go out somewhere tonight, ________________________?
7. Stop playing computer games, __________________________?
8. Harry isn’t our mentor, ________________________________?
9. There is nothing to argue about, ________________________?
10. Pass the salt over here, ______________________________?
Home task: ________________________________________
Lesson 12.
Theme: Sport.
Types of Questions in English. Subject Questions.
 READING
HEARTBREAKING MOMENTS IN SPORT
1. Nigel Mansell was 2. As she entered the 3. In May 2000, Calais, an

leading the 1986 Formula athletics stadium in the amateur football team from
One drivers’ final of the women’s 20km the fourth division, played
championship by six walk at he the 2000 Sydney first division Nantes in the
Olympics, Australian Jane final of the French Cup.
points from Alain Prost.
Saville was in the lead. She Apart from the Nantes fans,
Only nineteen laps before
was sure to win the gold everyone in France was
the end of the final race of supporting Calais. Just
the season, Mansell was medal. But then an official
before half-time Calais
in third position. If he stepped forward to
scored a goal. Early in the
disqualify her for having
stayed in third, he would second half Nantes
both feet off the ground at
win the title for the first equalized. Then in the final
one point in the race.
time. Just then, one of the minute of the match, the
Saville began screaming:
tyres of his Williams car referee gave Nantes a soft
‘No, not me!’ When asked penalty. The ball hit the
exploded. Prost won the
what she wanted, she goalkeeper’s knee and
race and the title by one replied: ‘A gun to shoot bounced into the net. Calais
point. myself.’ had lost.
77
4. 1992. The Olympic 400m 5. The 1991 World Cup 6. At the 1954 Vancouver
semi-final in Barcelona. Derek semi-final against England marathon Englishman Jim
Redmond felt good. He had was the hardest game Peters ran into the stadium
helped the British 4x400m Scotland’s rugby captain an amazing seventeen
relay team to victory at the
Gavin Hastings ever played minutes ahead of his
world championships. Now,
in. Late in the second half, nearest rival. After twenty-
after years of suffering from
injuries, he was in great with the score 6-6, six miles in the heat, he
physical condition and felt he Scotland had a penalty in was certain to win. But the
had a good chance of winning front of the posts. Hastings crowd’s cheers died as the
Olympic gold. The race had already scored two exhausted athlete fell onto
started, but Derek pulled a more difficult penalties. If the track. For eleven
muscle. Desperately, he tried he succeeded, Scotland dramatic minutes, Peters
to continue running. ‘I told would go three points tried to finish the race, but
myself I had to finish. Then I ahead. Surprisingly he 200 metres from the end
felt a hand on my shoulder.’ It missed it. Nobody in the he fell for the last time.
was his father, Jim. 70,000
ground could believe it. A When he woke up in
people stood and cheered
few minutes later England hospital, he thought he’d
and Derek cried as his father
scored and won the game. won.
helped him finish the race.
Activity 2. Read the text and match the headings A-H to the paragraphs 1-6.
There are two extra headings that you do not need to use.
Activity 3. Complete the sentences with the words – win the race, the World Cup, score a
goal, semi-final, world championships. Change the form of the verb if necessary.
 Think of dramatic moment in sport that you experienced or saw. Prepare to talk about it
using the following questions.
 What was the event?
 Who took part in it?
 What was the situation at first?
 What happened then?
 How did it end
 How did you (or the player) feel?
78
Activity 4. Read the following article that ended in unexpected way. For gaps 1-8 choose the
correct answer A-D.
The strangest football match ever
Why is football so popular all around the world? It’s fast, there are great passes, and the most
memorable thing of all: the goals that the teams score (1)___ each other. However, in a 1994
Caribbean Cup match (2)___ Barbados and Grenada this logic was turned upside down.
It was the last match in the group and Barbados (3)___ only reach the final if they beat Grenada by
two goals. According to the rules, if the match was a draw, the teams had to play extra time, where
a golden goal would count as two goals.
Until about seven minutes before the end of the game Barbados led 2-0, but then Grenada
scored. The result of 2:1 was enough for Barbados to (4)___say goodbye to the Cup. But with one or
two minutes remaining, one of the players from Barbados (5)___ that it was getting very difficult to
score against the other team, so he shot the ball past his own goalkeeper instead, making the score
2:2. Now it was Grenada’s turn to score — at either end of the field! The really funny thing was that
now the Barbadians (6)___ defending both goals — and believe it or not, they managed (7) ___ it!
Finally, in the fourth minute of extra time Barbados scored the golden goal they so much wanted
and got into(8)___final. ‘This game was too confusing. My players didn't even know which way to
attack,’ the Grenada manager said.
1 A against B with C for D to

2 A of B among C with D between
3 A can B could C should D might
4 A must B had to C have to D can
5 A decided B decide C did decide D deciding
6 A had B was C have D were
7 A to do B doing C did D do
8A B the Ca D some
 GRAMMAR
 В питаннях до підмета – Subject Questions - (Who? What?)

допоміжні дієслова do, does, did в Present Simple і в Past Simple
не вживаються і зберігається прямий порядок слів
розповідного або заперечувального речення. Питання до
підмета завжди ставиться до 3 особи однини.
 Who likes this part of the country?
 What is fine today?
 Who did the homework yesterday?
 Зверніть увагу, що іноді можна починати запитання з
Whose + іменник або Which +iменник!!!
 Whose children are playing in the yard?
 Which costs more – the package holiday or the cruise?
79
Put the subject questions to the sentences below***
***
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
SUBJECT OBJECT
Emma called Peter. Emma called Peter.
Who called Peter. Who did Emma call
Who rang you? (Someone rang you) Who did you ring? (You rang someone)
Who is helping you? Who are you helping?
(Someone is helping you) (You ‘re helping someone)
Activity 5. Ask questions to the subject.
1. Someone is looking for you.

2. Jill is planning to have a party.
3. My parents have invited a lot of guests.
4. Children used to go out a lot.
5. I’ll pnohe Jack tomorrow.
6. Einsteine could’t talk until he was 8.
7. Picasso could draw before he could talk.
8. Queen Victoria was Queen of the United Kingdom for nearly sixty — four years.
9. Summer is my favourite season.
10. Their daughter’s mobile phone is missing.
80
Activity 6. Read about the situations and answer each question in a single phrase.
1. Nick wants to marry Rita. She's been out with him a few times, but really she's in love with
Tom.
Unfortunately he isn't in love with her.
a) Who is Nick in love with? _____________ b) Who is in love with Tom?
_______________
2. Mark met Sarah at the airport. The plane was two hours late. On the way out they passed
Mike standing at a bus stop, but they didn't notice him.
a) Who met Sarah?___________. b) What was Mike waiting for?__________________
3. There was an accident at the crossroads. A lorry crashed into a van that was waiting at the
lights. The van slid forward and crashed into a car. The van driver had to go to hospital.
a) What hit the van? ____________ b) What did the van hit? _____________________
Activity 7. Complete the questions.

1. Ryan won two races.
a) Who won two races? – Ryan.
b) How many races did Ryan win? – Two.
2. Stanley goes swimming three times a week.
a) Who ___________________________________________? – Stanley.
b) How often ______________________________________? – Three times a week.
3. There are two shirts. The yellow one is mine.
a) Which __________________________________________? - The yellow one.
b) Whose __________________________________________? – Mine.
4. Steven has broken Jim’s mug.
a) Whose __________________________________________? – Jim’s.
b) Who ____________________________________________? – Steven.
5. Linda is going to the theatre this evening.
a) Who ____________________________________________? – Linda.
b) Where __________________________________________? – To the theatre.
6. Anne bought Ralph a present yesterday.
a) Who ____________________________________________? – Anne.
b) Who ____________________________________________? – Ralph.
7. There are two bags. The one on the chair is Fay’s.
a) Whose __________________________________________? – Fay’s.
b) Which ___________________________________? – The one on the chair.
81
Activity 8. Use the prepositions in brackets to write questions to match the statements.
1. She bought some flowers. Who did she buy them for? (for)
2. I got an invitation this morning. Who ___________________________
_________________________________________________________? (from)
3. Pedro comes from Spain. Where exactly ________________________
_________________________________________________________? (from)
4. I read an interesting article yesterday. What _____________________
_________________________________________________________? (about)
5. Lisa is excited. What ________________________________________? (about)
6. Linda played tennis. Who ____________________________________? (with)
7. Sam wrote a letter. Who _____________________________________? (to)
8. I went to a restaurant last night. Who ___________________________
__________________________________________________________? (with)
Activity 9. People aren't giving you enough information. Ask questions with who or what.
? Something has happened. ~ Oh? What has happened?

? I've invited someone to tea. ~ Well? Who have you invited?
1. Somebody is having a party. ~ Oh, really?

2. I was reading something. ~ Oh?
3. I've learnt something. ~ Go on, tell me.
4. We should do something. ~ Yes, I know, but
5. Someone is looking for you. ~Oh?
6. I'm looking for someone. ~ Maybe I can help
7. Rachel is planning something. ~ Is she?
8. Somebody has moved in next door. ~ Oh,
really?
9. Something is worrying me. ~ Well, tell me.
10. I want to meet someone. ~ What do you mean?
Home task: ________________________________________
82
Lesson 13.
Theme: Sport.
Present Tenses (Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous).
Revision
Activity 1 . Look at the photos of Clem Quinn and Sue Glass. Answer the questions.
Work in two groups. Group A Read about Clem. Group B Read about Sue.
1. What happened when he/she was a child?

2. What job did he/she do when she/he grew up?
3. How did he/she become interested in the sport?
4. Why does he/she like the sport?
5. Does he/she think it is a dangerous sport?
6. Does he/she teach the sport?
7. What are his/her future plans?
8. When is he/she going to stop doing it?
Clem Quinn Sue Glass
Sky diver Racing driver
 READING
Activity 2 . Read the texts.
SKY-DIVER
Clem Quinn was always interested in flying. When he was five, he tried to fly by jumping off
the garden shed with a golf umbrella, but when he grew up he didn't become a pilot, he
became a taxi driver. Then 20 years ago he did a parachute jump and loved it. He decided that
being a taxi driver in London was a lot more dangerous than jumping out of a plane, so he
moved to the country to learn parachute jumping and sky-diving. He is now a full-time teacher
of sky-diving. He says: 'I love sky-diving because the world looks so good - blue sky, green fields,
white clouds. You float through the air, it's like floating in water. You can see forever, all the
way to the French coast. The views are fantastic. You can forget all your worries. People think
it is dangerous but it's very safe, Football is much more dangerous. Footballers often have
accidents. When did you last hear of a sky-diving accident? Next July I'm going to do a sky-dive
with 100 people from six planes. That's a record. I'm never going to retire. I'm going to jump
out of planes until I'm an old man.'
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RACING DRIVER
Sue Glass had a car accident when she was eight so she didn't like driving.
When she grew up this was a problem, because she got a job with a car company. Then six
years ago she met Julian Swayland, a racing driver, and she told him she was afraid of cars. He
wanted to help, so he took her to Brands Hatch, a Grand Prix racing circuit. He drove her round
corners at 100 mph and she loved it. Then she heard about a special motor racing couse. She
did the course with five men and was amazed when she got top marks. She says:
'I think I did well because I listened to everything the teacher said. I needed to because I was so
afraid. The men often didn't listen. The best moment was my first championship race. I didn't
win but I came fourth. I beat 20 men. I love the excitement of motor racing but it's a dangerous
sport and I'm always very frightened. In fact I stopped doing it a year ago, because I got so
nervous before each race, I felt really sick. I'm not going to race again, I'm going to teach other
people to drive. I'm going to open a driving school next year.'
 SPEAKING
Activity 3. Work with a partner from the other group. Compare Clem ans Sue, using your
answers.
 GRAMMAR
PRESENT TENSES
Present Simple Present Present Perfect Present Perfect
Continuous Continuous
+ V or Vs/es am/ is/ are + Ving have/has + V3/ed have/has + been + Ving
? - do/does
84
Activity 4. Open the brackets using the Present Simple, the Present Continuous, the Past
Simple or the Present Perfect Tense.
1. In the morning, coming downstairs, Rosemary _________________________ (see) Tony
lying in the sitting room: What you _______________________________ (do) here? – I
___________________ (sleep) here. - I am sorry we _______________ (take)your room.
2. He’s a night watchman. He works at night and ______________________ (sleep) in the
daytime. It’s noon now, and he still ____________________________________(sleep).
3. I first ____________________(meet) Richard a month ago, and I _________(meet) him
several times since then.
4. I usually _______________________(go) to bed before midnight.
5. I ________________________________(sit) here all night and I swear I _____________
_________________________(not/doze) for a moment.
6. What’s your brother doing? - He ___________________________(play) tennis with our
neighbour, they ______________________________(play) it every day.
7. He wants to buy a car, but first he must learn how to drive, so he _________________
(take) driving lessons.
8. I ____________________________(write) to my parents a fortnight ago, but I’ve not
had a reply, so I ___________________________________just (write) again.
9. Where is my daughter? - She _________________________(talk) to a policeman. -
What _______________________(happen)? - She has been driving without a license.
10. It’s 3 p.m. and he ______________________________(not/eat) anything today, but he
_____________________________(eat) a good dinner last night.
11. Is Mary ready to come out? - No, she ______________________________still (dress).
12. I _______________________________ (read) this book several times. I first
_______________(read) it in 1990.
13. He often _____________________(read) detective stories; he_____________________
(read) a very good one now.
14. She ____________________________(not/have) a holiday since 1996, but she
__________________________________________(have) a very long holiday in 1995.
15. We ___________________________________________(stay) here for nearly a week. - I
hope you (not/think) of leaving.
Activity 5 . Put the verb in brackets into the Present Continuous, the Present Simple, the Past
Simple, the Present Perfect and the Present Perfect Continuous.
1. He ________________________ (not/phone) him since he ____________________ (arrive).
2. What ______________________ (happen) to you since she ____________________(leave)?
3. I ________________ (think) your daughter _______________ (become) a real beauty since I
_________________________(see) her last.
4. What you _______________________________ (do) with the knife? The point is broken off.
5. For these last three years I _______________________ (save) nearly every penny for my trip
to that country.
6. Well, dear, what you _____________________________ (do) all day long?
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You _______________________________________ (look) tired. Come and sit here by the fire.
7. “Hello,” he _________________ (say) holding out his hand, “I _____________________
(look) for you for a long time. I never _________________________ (have) the chance to thank
you for what you ___________________________________ (do) for my brother.”
8. You see, I ______________________________ (do) this kind of thing for the last thirty years.
9 .I __________________________________ (think) of it ever since Molly
________________________ (tell) me about your decision to go to sea.
10. You __________________________ (live) here ever since you___________________(leave)
Canada?
11. Do come in and join us. We __________________________ (have) coffee and (watch) TV.
12. A.: I hear your brother ___________________ (come) back. He ________________ (be) in
the East all this time?
B.: No, he ____________________________(be) in Europe for the last year.
Activity 6. Underline the correct tense.

1. The plane leaves/has left at four o'clock. We must be at the airport by two o`clock.
2. It gets/ is getting colder and colder every day.

3. Have you seen Linda? I have been looking/ am looking for her for almost an hour.
4. Sam is a very interesting person. He knows/ has known all kinds of unusual facts.
5. First, you are heating/ heat the oven to a temperature of 180C

6. Have you heard the news? They have just elected/ have been electing a new club
chairman!
7. Martha is finding/ has found a new job. She is starting next week.
8. The teacher has been correcting/ has corrected essays for three hours.
9. Michael's car broke down last week, so he uses/ is using his father’s for the time being.
10. It rarely gets/ is getting very hot in Britain
Activity 7 . Choose the correct answer.

1 ‘I met our new boss this morning.
'I ..C... him, too. He’s very nice.'
A am meeting B have been meeting C have met
2 ‘……….. in a hotel?’
‘No, but my parents did last summer in Rome.'
A Have you ever stayed B Did you ever stay C Are you ever staying
3 ‘Who is in that new film?’
‘Well, a young actress ……….. the leading role.’
A has been playing B plays C has played
4 ‘Is David at home?’

'Yes, but he ............a shower at the moment.”
A is having B has been having C has
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5 ‘Why are you so upset?’
‘I………. my favourite ring.’
A lose B have been losing C have lost
6 ‘Have you found a house yet?'
‘No. I ………… with my aunt at the moment.’
A stay B am staying C have stayed
Activity 8. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct present form.
1. A: Tortoises … live… (live) to be very old.
B: I`ve heard of one which is over a hundred years old.
2. A: Are you still busy?
B: Yes. I ……….. (read) this article for an hour and I still ……… (not/finish).
3. A: More and more people ……….. (go) to university these days.
B: Yes. I think it’s a good thing.
4. A: I ………… (have) a party tonight. Do you want to come?
B: Yes. What time does it start?
5. A: Why are your shoes wet?
B: I ………. (wash) the car.
6. A: What's the matter?
B: I ………. (break) my ankle.
7. A: What do I need to do next?
B: You ……….. (add) the sugar to the mixture and you …….(mix) it well.
8. A: Who ……….. (use) my car?
B: I have.
9. A: Are you new here?
B: No. Actually. I ………. (live) here for almost ten years.
10. A: Pete is playing his music very loud.
B: Again! He ………. (always/do) that!
11. A: Have you made plans for Saturday yet?
B: I ………….. (go) to the cinema with Jack.
12. A: Mr. Collins is a very good teacher.
B: Well, he ……...... (teach) Maths for twenty-five years, you know.
13. A: Are you going to the concert on Saturday night?
B: Yes. Actually, I ………. (already/buy) the tickets.
14. A: Hello, Simon.
B: Oh! We ……….(always/meet) each other in this supermarket.
Home task: ________________________________________
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Lesson 14.
Theme: Sport.
Past Tenses (Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous).
Revision
 VOCABULARY
General Sports Vocabulary (part I)
Activity 1. Read and learn new words. Write the translation of them.
1 arena________________________
The arena was full of excited spectators cheering on their team.
a level area for holding sports events, surrounded by seats for spectators
2 amateur_____________________
The Olympic Games were originally for amateur athletes only.
engaged in something, like playing sports, without payment; non-professional
3 athlete______________________
Most professional athletes spend hours every day in training.
a person who trains for and competes in a sport
4 athletics_____________________
There are some very good runners on our athletics team.
'track and field' events of running, jumping, throwing, etc.
5 award_______________________
All the members of the winning team were awarded a gold medal.
to give someone something as a reward for high achievement
6 beat_________________________
Italy beat France to win the 2006 FIFA World Cup.
to defeat someone in a game or a competition
7 captain_______________________
The captain usually leads his or her team onto the field.
the leader of a team
8 catch_________________________
A wicketkeeper in cricket must be very good at catching the ball.
to grab and hold something that has been thrown
9 champion_____________________
The boxer Muhammad Ali was World Heavyweight Champion three times.
a top-rated, highly successful player
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10 cheer on______________________
The fans made a lot of noise cheering on their team.
to shout encouragement to a team or a player
11 coach________________________
Players should carry out their coach's instructions during a game.
a person who trains and directs an athlete or a sports team
12 compete______________________
Over 10,000 athletes will compete in the Olympic Games.
to take part in a contest or a competition
13 competition____________________
The English Premiership League is one of the world's top football competitions.
an organized event in which people compete to win
14 competitor_____________________
Each competitor in a golf tournament must record his or her own score.
a person who takes part in a competition or a sporting contest
15 contest________________________
Do you know who won this year's figure skating contest?
a game or event in which people compete to win
16 court__________________________
The tennis courts at Wimbledon in London have a grass surface.
a quadrangular area on which ball games are played, such as tennis or basketball
17 course_________________________
A golf course usually has eighteen holes.
an area of land prepared for racing, golf, or other sports
18 cup____________________________
After they won the final game, the winners were awarded the Championship Cup.
a cup-shaped trophy, awarded as a prize in a contest
19 defeat__________________________
Our players were very happy after they defeated their opponents in the final game.
to win a victory over opponents in a game or contest; to beat
20 defend__________________________
The team attacked and scored two goals, then spent the rest of the game defending the lead.
to protect one's goal rather than attempt to score against one's opponents
21 draw____________________________
The score was 1-0, but the losing team got a late goal and the game ended in a 1-1 draw.
to finish a contest or game with an even score; tie
22 event___________________________
The 100 metres run is one of the most exciting events in athletics.
a particular contest in a sporting programme
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23 fan_____________________________
Sometimes the umpire of a tennis match has to tell noisy fans to be quiet.
a person who supports a particular sport, team or player
24 field___________________________
How many players are allowed on the field during a baseball game?
a piece of land marked out for a sports contest e.g. hockey field
25 final score________________________
Today's basketball game was very close. The final score was 84 to 82.
the score at the end of a game
26 fitness___________________________
I exercise at the gym every day for fitness and good health.
the condition of being physically fit and healthy
27 goal_____________________________
Jimmy got the ball, ran down the pitch, and then scored the best goal of the game.
an instance of scoring in a ball game by getting the ball into a target such as between goal-
posts, through a hoop, or into a net.
28 gym / gymnasium__________________
Our gym has a lot of new exercise equipment, including running machines and cycling machines.
a room or building equipped for physical exercise
29 half-time__________________________
The players went into the rooms at half-time and listened to their coach.
the interval between the first and second halves of a game
30 udge_____________________________
In sports like diving and gymnastics, judges score each performance in a contest.
a person who rates the quality of a sporting performance, usually by awarding points
31 league____________________________
Nearly every town in the U.S. has teams in a local baseball league.
a group of sports clubs that play each other over a period for a championship
32 leisure____________________________
It's good for kids to spend some of their leisure time playing sports.
free time, or the use of free time for enjoyment
33 lob_______________________________
Her lob flew high into the air and dropped into the back of the court, just inside the baseline.
a shot that is hit in a high arc, usually over the opponent's head
34 manager__________________________
Liverpool sacked their manager after they lost eight of their previous ten games.
the person in charge of a sports team
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35 medal____________________________
Every athlete's dream is to win a gold medal at the Olympic Games.
a piece of engraved metal given to signify an achievement or an honor
36 object____________________________
The object of the game of football is to score more goals than the opponents.
the thing you want to get or achieve; what you aim to do
 SPEAKING
Activity 2. Speak on the following.
 Most people understand the importance of sports in people's life but not all people go
in for sports. Can you explain why?
 Do you and other members of your family (relatives or friends) go in for sports? What
kind? Doy you/they enjoy doing it? Are you/they amateurs or professionals?
 Which sport would you like to learn and why?
 What kinds of sport do you like and what do you dislike? Why?
 Do you support a particular team? Which one? How often do you go to sports events or
do you prefer to watch sports on TV?
 What do you think is the most popular sport activity in your country? Why do you think
so?
 What do you think is more important: to develop professional sports or to pay more
attention to the physical culture pf all people?
 Some people say that it is impossible to achieve high results in sports without strong
will-power. What do you think about it? Can you give any examples?
 Think of a particular sport and describe the qualities that a good player needs to have.
 There is an opinion that women's boxing and other dangerous kinds of sports should be
banned. What do you think about it?
 GRAMMAR
PAST TENSES
Past Simple Past Continuous Past Perfect Past Perfect Continuous
+ V2/ed was/ were + Ving had + V3/ed had+ been + Ving

? - did
Activity 3. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Simple, the Past Perfect and the Past Perfect
Continuous.
1. When I _______________________ (leave) home, the snow _____________ already (stop).
2. It ________________(be) 6 p.m. and Jack _______________________(be) tired because he
____________________________(work) hard all day.
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3. He clearly ______________________(listen) to our conversation and I ________________
(wonder) how much he _____________________________ (hear).
4. She _____________________(say) she____________________________________ (teach) at
this school for twenty years.
5. He ___________________(say) he ____________________________ just (finish) the book
he ___________________________________(read) all this time.
6. The postman ________________________(come) after lunch and ______________(bring)
me a letter which I __________________________________________(expect) for a long time.
7. It ____________________________(rain) since the morning, and the fields
_________________________________________________ (be) quite muddy.
Activity 4. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Simple, the Past Continuous, the Past Perfect
and the Past Perfect Continuous.
1. How your chief_________________(find out) that you______________ (come) to work late?
2. I____________ (leave) my house yesterday in a hurry, but I ________________ (not/go) far
before I ___________________ (discover) that it ___________________ (be) going to rain and I
______________________________ (leave) my umbrella at home.
3. He told me that his aunt ___________________________ (live) with them for three months.
4. The discovery of the art of writing ______________________ (enable) the Ancient Egyptians
to remember what their ancestors _________________________________ (do) before them.
5. The Romans___________________________ (destroy) Jerusalem with fire
and____________ ________________________ (kill) many of the inhabitants.
6. He scarcely__________________ (get) outside the door when he ________________ (hear)
Wardle’s voice talking loudly.
7. I knew right away that that was the place I_______________________ (look for) all my life.
8. At nine o’clock that evening a long black Packard roadster ________________(draw) up to
her door, and Arnie _______________________(step) out of the front seat where
he______________________________________(sit) with the driver and a girl between them.
9. Mrs Monroe put down the telephone receiver. She____________________ (ring) twice and
each time the answer_____________________________ (be) the same: Miss Marple was out.
10. I ________________(shout) to him to stop, but at that moment he _____________(run) too
fast to hear.
11. He_____________________________ (pick) up the book he____________________ (read)
before I____________________ (come) into the room, and________________________ (turn)
the corner of the page to mark the place where he________________________(stop) reading.
12. He_______________________________ (not / eat) since nine that morning and his
stomach__________________________________ (growl) with hunger.
13. No sooner they______________________________ (arrive) at this point than a most
violent and startling knocking was heard at the door.
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Activity 5. Choose the correct answer.
1 ‘Were you expecting James and Paul to stay for dinner?’

‘No, but I ...4... a lot of food, so it didn’t matter.'
A had prepared B was preparing C had been preparing
2 ‘Tony has been singing for years, hasn`t he?'
‘Yes. He .......... his first record when he was sixteen.’
A made B was making C had made
3 ‘There was a power cut last night.’
‘I know. I ............. some paperwork when the lights went out.’
A had been doing B was doing C had done
4 ‘Did you see Paul Simon in concert?’
‘No. I was hoping to get tickets, but they ……….’
A had sold out B sold out C were selling out
5 ‘The restaurant was packed last night.’

‘Yes. Luckily, I ………. a table in advance.
A was booking B had booked C had been booking
6 ‘Did you watch the film yesterday?’
‘No. It...........by the time we got home.'
A finished B was finishing C had finished
7 ‘Did you stay up late last night?’

‘No. I ……… all day, so I went to bed early.’
A had been working B worked C was working
8 ‘Did you enjoy your holiday?'

‘Yes. We ………. most of our time on the beach.’
A had spent B were spending C spent
9 ‘Kim looked tired this morning.’

‘I know. She ………. All night long.’
A studied B had studied C had been studying
10 ‘So what happened?'
‘We ………. Through the woods when we heard a gunshot.’
A had walked B walked C were walking
Activity 6. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
1 A: What … were you doing... (you/do) at ten o'clock this morning?

B: I ……….. (read) some important documents in my office.
2 A: Why are you so disappointed?

B: Because I ……… (hope) that I would pass the test, but I didn’t.
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3 A: Have you found your bag yet?
B: No, but I………(report) it stolen to the police yesterday.
4 A: Did you enjoy the play last night?

B: No. even though I……. (read) good reviews of it before I bought the tickets.
5. A: Have you written your report yet?

B: I……….(just/start) when you came in, actually.
6 A: Sorry I`m late.

B: Where have you been? I ………. (expect) you an hour ago.
7 A: We……… (go) to an antique market yesterday.

B: ……….. (you/buy) anything?
8 A: Were you surprised that the factory closed down?

B: Not really. In fact, I ………. (know) it was going to happen.
9 A: Julia did well in the test, didn’t she?

B: Yes. She ……… (study) very hard for it.
Activity 7. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.
A When Simon 1) ..arrived... (arrive) at the cinema, dozens of people 2) ………. (queue)
outside. They 3) ………. (wait) to see the same film as Simon. Simon, however. 4) ……….
(buy) a ticket in advance, so he
5) ………. (walk) straight to the front of the queue and 6) ………. (enter) the cinema. He 7)
………. (feel) relieved that he didn’t have to queue. He 8) ………. (reach) his seat just as
the lights 9) ………. (go down) for the start of the film.
B Last weekend. Cathy 1) ..........(hire) a car and 2)………. (drive) to the seaside. When she 3)
......................................................………. (arrive) the wind 4) ……….. (blow) and the sky 5) ……….
(be) cloudy. She 6) ……….. (get out) of the car and 7) ……….. (take) a walk along the seafront.
Then she 8)……….. (decide) to go for fish and chips at a nearby restaurant that she 9) ………
(see) earlier and liked the look of. By the time she 10) ……….. (leave) the restaurant, it 11)
......................................................……….. (already/grow) dark. As she 12) ………. (walk) to her
car it 13) ...................... (begin) to rain. However, Cathy 14) ................ (not/mind) because
she 15) .........................................(have) a wonderful day.
Activity 8. Complete the sentences using any appropriate past forms.
1. While Joanne ... was washing... her hair. Carl was cleaning the house.
2. I have no idea where I ……. my wallet
3. He………… his leg when he fell off his skateboard
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4. We ………… in the classroom for ten minutes before the teacher arrived.
5. She ……… to the theatre last night.
6. My tooth……… for a week before I went to the dentist's.
7. She cried when she ……….. her driving test.
8. What ……….. when the alarm went off?
9. They got into the car and ……….. away.
10. I could tell she............................................... the competition because she
couldn’t stop smiling.
11. We ………… along the beach when we heard a cry for help.
12. Tom ……….. the piano for years before he became famous.
Home task: ________________________________________
Lesson 15.
Theme: Sport.
Future Tenses (Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous).
Revision
VOCABULARY
General Sports Vocabulary (part II)
Activity 1. Read and learn new words. Write the translation of them.
1 offside___________________________
Forwards have to learn how to avoid being caught in an offside position.
In an illegal position ahead of the ball (in football, rugby, hockey, etc.)
2 opponent_________________________
Roger Federer's opponent in the Wimbledon final was Rafael Nadal.
the person one competes against in a contest or a game; rival
3 pass_____________________________
A defender tries to pass the ball to a forward in a good position to score.
to throw or kick the ball to another player on one's own team
4 penalty__________________________
The penalty for abusing a referee is usually a one-match suspension.
a punishment imposed on a player or team for breaking the rules of a sport
95
5 perform__________________________
All the athletes will do their best to perform well in the Olympic Games.
to carry out a practised activity, such a play a sport
6 performance_____________________
Venus Williams put in one the best performances of her life to win the tournament.
an instance of competing in a sports event in public
7 physique_________________________
Rugby players work hard in the gym to build up their physiques.
the form or shape of a person's body
8 pitch (1)__________________________
The fans cheered as the players ran onto the pitch.
a playing field (British)
9 pitch (2) _________________________

Our pitcher threw one of the best pitches of his life to win the game.
a throw of the ball, esp. in baseball and softball
10 player __________________________
How many players are on the court during a doubles match in tennis?
a person who plays a sport
11 practise _________________________
(U.S. spelling: practice)
Professional golfers spend hours every day practising their shots.
to repeatedly do something in order to develop one's skill
12 professional _____________________
Tiger Woods has been a professional golfer since he was 20 years old.
a person whose paid occupation is playing a sport
13 record __________________________
Do you know who holds the world record for the men's 100 metres?
the best performance that has been officially measured and noted
14 referee _________________________
The referee saw a foul, blew his whistle and awarded a free kick.
a sports official with authority to make rulings during a contest
15 rules ____________________________
In several sports there is an offside rule, and it's often difficult to explain.
the laws or regulations that govern how a game or sport is played
16 score ____________________________
Do you know how to keep score in badminton?
the number of points a competitor or team earns during a game
96
17 serve ____________________________
Serving the ball is one of the most important skills in sports like tennis.
to hit the ball to begin play (in tennis, table tennis, squash, volleyball, etc.)
18 shoot ____________________________
In basketball, players try shoot from outside the 3-point line to score the extra points.
to kick, hit, or throw the ball in an attempt to score a goal (in soccer, hockey, basketball, etc.)
19 skill ______________________________
Ken has gone to a boxing camp to improve his boxing skills.
the ability to do something well
20 spectator _________________________
Spectators can add a lot to sporting events by creating an exciting atmosphere.
a person who watches an event
21 sportsmanship _____________________
Good managers know how to teach their players sportsmanship.
an attitude of fairness, respect for opponents, and graciousness in winning or losing
22 stadium __________________________
plural: stadiums or stadia
The stadium was built for sports, but it's sometimes used for concerts as well.
a sports arena with tiered seating for spectators
23 strategy __________________________
One of the jobs of the manager or coach is to develop a strategy for winning each game.
a plan to achieve an objective
24 tackle ____________________________
Rugby players have to learn how to tackle an opponent strongly but fairly.
to challenge an opponent who has the ball
25tactics _____________________________
Players use tactics such as attacking their opponent's weaknesses in order to win.
an action or strategy planned to achieve an objective
26 talent _____________________________
Our daughter's basketball coach says she has a lot of natural talent for the game.
a natural aptitude or skill
27 teammate __________________________
The team wins because the players are always looking for their teammates.
a fellow member of a sports team
28 teamwork __________________________
The best teams spend a lot of time on the training ground working on teamwork.
the combined action of a group of people
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29 tie ________________________________
The score was very close throughout the game, and it ended in a tie with 89 points each.
a result in a game in which teams have the same final score; a draw
30 tournament ________________________
The four major tennis tournaments form what is known as the 'Grand Slam'.
a series of contests between a number of competitors, who compete for an overall prize
31 trainer ____________________________
Some players are a bit lazy and need a strict trainer to make them work hard.
a person who helps athletes develop their skills and fitness
32 train ______________________________
The hockey team trains every Tuesday and Thursday after school.
to teach a skill over time through instruction; to practise a skill
33 trophy _____________________________
The players carried the trophy over their heads as they ran around the stadium.
a decorative object awarded as a prize in a contest or a tournament
34 umpire _____________________________
In a game of cricket, there are two umpires on the field during play.
a sports official with authority to make rulings during a contest
35 victory ______________________________
The players had worked very hard, and they deserved their victory.
the act of winning a game or contest
36 whistle ______________________________
The referee blew his whistle twice to signal the end of the match.
a small instrument that makes a high-pitched noise when blown
 SPEAKING
Activity 2. Answer the questions.
1. Have you ever taken part in sports competitions?

2. What do you prefer: to watch sports competitions or to take part in them?
3. Does sport help you to keep fit?
4. How often do you go to the sports ground?
5. What sports are popular in your family (in your region)?
6. Do you want to be a sportsman?
7. Are you good at running (swimming, skating)?
8. Can you say that sport is your hobby?
98
9. What sports are you fond of?
10. What team games can you name?
11. Is football popular in Ukraine?
12. What sports are popular with people of all ages?
13. Why do many people go in for sports?
 GRAMMAR
FUTURE TENSES
Future Simple Future Continuous Future Perfect Future Perfect Continuous
will + V will + be + Ving will + have + V3/ed will + have+ been + Ving
Activity 3. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct future tense.
1. A: Your house is very small.
B: I know. I ...’m going to move... (move) to a bigger house next year.
2. A: I have got a new job!
B: Wonderful! I ………. (call) Mum and tell her the good news.
3. A: How old is your daughter?
B: She ……….(be) fourteen next week.
4. A: I must phone Julia.
B: Well, don't phone her now. She ……….(sleep).
5. A: Have you been living here long?
B: Yes. By next month, I ……….. (live) here for ten years.
6. A: Are you having a party next weekend?
B: Yes. I hope I ……….(finish) decorating the house by then.
7. A: What are your plans for tonight?
B: Well, I ……….. (meet) Steve at eight o’clock.
8. A: I must buy some bread.
B: You’d better hurry. The shops ………. (close) in half an hour.
9. A: Shall I call you at ten o clock tomorrow?
B: No. I ……….. (leave) for work by then.
10. A: Are you coming to the disco on Friday night?
B: I can't. I ……….(study) for my exam then.
11. A: Are you excited about going to California?
B: Yes! This time tomorrow I ………. (fly) across the Atlantic.
12. A: It's seven o clock.
B: Yes. John ……….. (leave) the office by now.
13. A: There’s somebody at the door.
B: Oh. That ………. (be) the postman
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14. A: I’ve left my jacket at home.
B: I …….(go) back and get it for you.
15. A: Have you booked a taxi to take you to the airport?
B: Yes. It……………..(come) at eight o’clock in the morning.
16. A: Are you nervous about the interview?
B: Yes. This time tomorrow. I ………. (talk) to the managing director.
Activity 4. Underline the correct tense.
A Next Saturday, Daisy 1) is flying /flies to Paris for a business meeting. Her
secretary has already booked the flight. The plane 2) will leave/leaves at
nine o'clock in the morning and one of her business clients 3) will have
met/will be meeting her at the airport when the plane lands. She doesn't
know how long the meeting will last, but she 4) will have returned/will
have been returning home by Thursday evening.
B Florence 1) is going to become/will be becoming a doctor when she
finishes medical school. She thinks she 2) will/ probably work/will have
probably worked in a hospital for most of her career. This time next
month, she 3) will have revised/will be revising hard for her exams. By
the time she gets her degree she 4) will have been studying/ will have
studied medicine for five years. Florence hopes she 5) will have passed/
will pass all the exams with excellent grades.
Home task: ________________________________________
Lesson 16. Модульна контрольна робота
Lesson 17. Узагальнення лексичного та граматичнного матеріалу
100

Англ.мова 2 курс 1 семестр 2023

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Київський коледж зв’язку

1. to make use of smth— _______________________________________

Activity 1. Read and translate the text.

LANGUAGE IN THE LIFE OF MAN AND HUMAN SOCIETY

Activity 2. Write the sentences.

Activity 4. Give nouns corresponding to the following verbs.

 create — creation — creator — creative — creativity — creature;

Людська мова being

1. English ________a Germanic language. It_________ a long and complicated

I’ve worked/ He’s worked

I have worked I have not worked Have I worked?

 which happened more than once in the past

 just (middle of the sentence)

1. People _______________________ sheep’s wool to make clothing for centuries.

Activity 14. Make questions using the words given.

1. (you/read/any books recently?) ____________________________________________

2. (you/hear/from Tom in the past few days?) ___________________________________

3. (you/buy/any new records recently?) ________________________________________

4. (you/eat/anything today?) _________________________________________________

5. (you/see/any good films recently?) __________________________________________

6. (it/snow/here this year yet?) _______________________________________________

2. I ________________________ (want) to see you. I ____________________ (not/see) you for ages!

13. I _______________________________________________ (know) you nearly all my life, but I

Home task: ________________________________________

Activity 1. In pairs or as a group, answer the questions.

1. The phrase ‘forbidden zone’ in paragraph 2 is probably

2. The word ‘alert’ in paragraph 2 is probably closest to the word

3. The phrase ‘sleep deprivation’ in paragraph 3 probably means

4. The word ‘trigger’ in the final paragraph probably means

Present Perfect (have/has done) Past Simple (did)

 When? Whose? Where?

1. I (not yet to eat) today.

1. (it / not / rain / this week) It hasn'trained this week

1. It (to be) very cold yesterday.

Activity 14. Use the Present Continuous or Present Perfect Tenses.

1. What you (to talk) _________________________________about?

Activity 15. Use the verbs in Present Perfect or Past Simple.

Home task: ________________________________________

Activity 1. In pairs or as a group, answer the questions.

bulky (adj) ________________________________________

Activity 8. Choose the correct word to fill each gap.

The Past Perfect Tense

I had worked I had not worked Had I worked?

when I called him.

_______PAST PERFECT____________________ _______PAST SIMPLE_______________

2. She felt tired because she (walk a lot/that day)_______________________________________

4. I didn’t know what to do when they (show/me/the picture)_____________________________

5. I didn’t look at the present until after she (go)________________________________________

6. I was very sorry to hear that he (die) _______________________________________________

7. He didn’t start speaking until the children (leave/the room)_____________________________

8. When I met Helen, I understood why Bill (marry her)___________________________________

9. He understood the book only after he (read it/again)___________________________________

1.Tom ( to return) home by 5 o’clock.

Activity 14. Use the Present Perfect or the Past Perfect.

Activity 15. Use the Past Continious or the Past Perfect.

1. By two o'clock the teacher (to examine) all the students.

Theme: Human being and society.

Activity 1. In pairs or as a group, answer the questions.

? It isn't raining now. It's stopped (stop) at last.

1. The park looked awful. People ___________________ (leave) litter ewrywhere.

1. English a Germanic language. It_ a long and complicated

2. I ____ (want) to see you. I (not/see) you for ages!

_PAST PERFECT__________ _PAST SIMPLE_____________

10. The phone rang, so I it up and _____ hello.

14. It’s raining hard. It ___an hour ago and yet.