Golden Research Thoughts

Volume : 1 Issue : 2, August - 2011

ORIGINAL ARTICLE
GRT
CHAMAN NAHAL's AZADI : THE THEME OF PARTITION

Roopa D. Shrinvas
Asst . Prof Of English , Govt . First Grade College , Mamadapur (TB/Dist-Bijapur).

Abstract
Like Train to Pakistan, Chaman Nahal’s Azadi likewise centers mostly around Partition –
the components prompting Partition and its shocking repercussions. Azadi sensationalizes the
dehumanization of life and the breakdown all things considered. The tale composed on an epic
scale, offers a most far reaching record of Partition. Likewise, it is a Partition tale with a
distinction, as Nahal worries through the hero Lala Kanshi Ram the need of human pardoning,
laying due accentuation on" the attestation of life" to which he is "submitted" through his
obvious authenticity gets disseminated by a substantial portion of sentimental love and sex.
M.K. Naik’s perception on Partition books when all is said in done and Azadi specifically is
without a moment's delay pivotal and fascinating: Why must Hindu legends of Partition books
fall, with dreary consistency, in adoration with Muslim young ladies alone? Furthermore, in
portraying with personal detail the contact among Arun and Chandani, the Charwaoman’s girl,
the creator (Chaman Nahal) seems, by all accounts, to be going for murdering with one stone
the two feathered creatures of sex-intrigue and social change. Another genuine imperfection is
the stirring up of the perspective of the hero, Lala Kanshi Ram and that of Arun, which wrecks
the solidarity of impression. In this article, an examination is made to comprehend, survey and
legitimize the commitment of particularly the more youthful age writer like Chaman Nahal to
Indian English fiction.
Azadi is a chronicled novel of Chaman Nahal on the thane of parcel is the most
prominent authentic occasion. Before causing exchange we to need to one and significant thing
that there is the fundamental distinction between the expert students of history the authentic
writer. The expert student of history lights on succession of occasion, he attempts to discover
its way of occurring. He likewise attempts to discover a defense for what occurred. He isn't
worry with feelings and affections for the chronicled author. The expert history specialist lights
on arrangement of occasion, he attempts to discover its way of occurring. He likewise attempts
to discover a defense for what occurred. He isn't worry with feelings and sentiments. For the
chronicled author human enduring of the development has more prominent significance. On
the eve of segment catastrophe terrible human enduring is there. About human catastrophe of
segment Chaman Nahal comments that there is the ethnic viciousness, ethnic put-down and
ethnic requests. There is the move of death on the degree of the awfulness of human qualities.
In Azadi the author Chaman Nahal is worried about indicating how the parcel of India in 1947
wrecked and existing congruity which had won for a considerable length of time. India is known

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Golden Research Thoughts
Volume : 1 Issue : 2, August - 2011
ISSN:- 2231-5063 Available online at www.lbp.world

for its social blend. Multy-culturalism is entirely remarkable element of Indian culture. G.M.
Khobragade expounds on multiculturalism in the accompanying words:
Prior to segment there was the social union in Indian culture. Specifically by the name
there was the social amalgamation of the Hindu and the Muslim culture. The social
combination made conceivable to act according to Indian standards and not according to the
standards of possess faction. Before parcel séance an exceptionally extensive stretch the Hindu
and the Muslims family dwell one next to the other in the tances of town's towns and urban
areas. They had confided in one another. Blending with one another in distresses and
satisfaction. This as well as the Hindu and the Muslim families. Never make locale premise of
their day today choices, nor does Andy one as decisions bone-dry made based on monetary,
expectinence, need or more all fellowship.
Chaman Nahal is an outstanding Indian author and short story essayist. He started his
scholarly vocation as a short story essayist by contributing stories to the Illustrated Weekly of
India in 1957. His accumulation, The Weird Dance and Other Stories was distributed in 1981. He
composed eight books specifically My True Faces (1973), Azadi (1975), Into Another Dawn
(1977), The English Queens (1979), The Crown and the Loincloth (1981), Sun Rise in Fiji (1988),
The Salt of Life (1990), and Triumph of the Tricolor (1993). In his books,
Chamal Nahal depicts the way of life and social issues of India. Azadi (one of the books
of Gandhi Quartet) holds a significant spot and it manages the historical backdrop of parcel. In
1977, Sahitya Academy Award was given to him for Azadi, and it set up him as a noteworthy
essayist of Indian-English fiction. In Azadi, Chaman Nahal depicts the beginning of opportunity,
the segment and its outcome. While finding out about the fierce killings, savage slaughters,
brutal assaults, consuming and plundering of properties, one could feel stunned. It portrays the
extraordinary and revolting occasion which has caused destruction in the lives of individuals
and their enduring. After the segment, there is an enormous scale relocation of individuals from
both the sides of the fringe among India and Pakistan. The tale is isolated into three sections,
for example, "Respite," "Storm’’ and "Consequence." In "Respite," the creator depicts the quiet
environment before the declaration of the parcel. In the subsequent part "Tempest," he
displays the stunning story of the savage murdering of the Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs after the
segment. The third part
"Consequence," he depicts the death of Gandhi and how individuals have endured
because of it. This investigation goes for an examination of Chaman Nahal’s Azadi to draw out
his treatment of the parcel of the nation, the troublesome legislative issues drilled by the
government officials and the indefinable enduring of individuals Key Words: Love, Azadi, Arun
and Chandani.

KEYWORDS : way of life and social issues , Indian-English fiction.

INTRODUCTION:
Indian works in English which delineated the opportunity battle, sociopolitical
discontent and Gandhian standards of peacefulness moved to the subject of holocaust of
parcel, after the fulfillment of freedom in 1947. This terrible catastrophe of segment offered
ascend to another corpus of writing. The blood-coagulating titanic occasion blended the

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Golden Research Thoughts
Volume : 1 Issue : 2, August - 2011
ISSN:- 2231-5063 Available online at www.lbp.world

psyches of the Indian journalists and because of it, various books were composed. A large
portion of the journalists saw this violent disaster that offered vent to their appearances as
books. The deplorability of segment which brought about complete confusion and decimation
furnished the scholars with rich wellspring of fortune for their pen. The parcel of India in 1947
was the most exceedingly awful gigantic occurrence that occurred following the
accomplishment of opportunity. It came as a discourteous stun with its shocking outcomes
which one had not thought, envisioned or envisioned. This chronicled occasion made a
companion transformed into an adversary over night breaking every one of the boundaries of
good relationship that was developed since ages. The recollections of frightfulness, pyro-crime,
murders, assaults, lootings, frequented the brains of the general population giving a sentiment
of stun, dread and frailty. A large number of individuals were removed and moved over the new
outskirts to confront hardships and troubles. The books that manage the topic of parcel
straightforwardly or in a roundabout way are Khushwant Singh's "Train to Pakistan" (1955),
Balchandra Rajan's "The Dark Dancer" (1958), Attia Hosain's "Daylight on a Broken Column"
(1961), Bonophul's "Among Dream and Reality" (1961), Padmini Sengupta's "Red Hibiscus"
(1962), Manohar Malgonkar's "Far off Drum" (1961) and "A Bend in the Ganges" (1964),
Chaman Nahal's "Azadi" (1975) and H.S. Gill's "Fiery remains and Petals" (1978). Among every
one of these books, Khushwant Singh's "Train to Pakistan" and Chaman Nahal's "Azadi"
delineate the subject of parcel legitimately. These books tell about the issues and the
disturbance that ruined India due to segment.
The tale starts with the Viceroy’s declaration of the segment of Indian subcontinent into
two countries: India and Pakistan. Prior to the declaration of segment the Muslims, Hindus and
Sikhs have lived agreeably yet after the declaration, Muslims praise the news. They feel that the
making of Pakistan will present to them another life and they trust in incredible change in their
life. The mutual viciousness breaks out both the sides of the outskirt. Hindus and Sikhs are
focused in the Muslim overwhelmed Pakistan and similarly Muslims are assaulted in India.
There is mass migration of individuals and they look for safe sanctuary to spare their lives. The
hero, Lala Kanshi Ram is a discount grain shipper and lives in Sialkot, a Muslim commanded city.
He is an impassioned supporter of Arya Samaj and he lives with his better half, Prabha Rani,
their child, Arun and their little girl Madhu alongside different families in a lease loft, which has
a place with Bibi Amarvati.
Indian author in English, Chaman Nahal has shockingly eight books. His books in
sequential requests are "My True Faces" (1973), "Azadi" (1975), "Into Another Dawn"(1977),
"The English Queens" (1979), "The Crown and the Loin Cloth" (1981), "Dawn in Fiji" (1988), "The
Salt of Life" (1990) and "The Triumph of Tricolor" (1992). He has depicted Gandhiji in his Gandhi
Quartet. Nahal's Gandhi Quartet includes four books, "The Crown and the Loin Cloth", "The Salt
of Life", "The Triumph of the Tricolor" and "Azadi". This article manages the effect of segment
on affection in Chaman Nahal's epic, "Azadi". "Azadi" is a perfect work of art of Nahal's
inventive virtuoso. Nahal being a local of Sialkot had himself seen the detestations and
holocaust made by public craze. The narrative of the novel covers the period from the
declaration of the Cabinet Mission Plan on June 3, 1947 up to the period after the death of
Mahatma Gandhi on January 30, 1948. This groundbreaking occasion of history concentrates its
effect on couple of people and the group of Lala Kanshi Ram, a grain dealer. The nation's parcel

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Golden Research Thoughts
Volume : 1 Issue : 2, August - 2011
ISSN:- 2231-5063 Available online at www.lbp.world

throttles down the adoration for youthful sweethearts like Arun and Nur and later on his
affection with Chandni. The epic, "Azadi" by Chaman Nahal portrays both torment and delight
during the fulfillment of opportunity of India in 1947. At the point when India was free from the
grasp of the British principle, it was a period of triumph, an event of cheer and festivity, yet
what trailed it was the most noticeably awful and dishonorable act that went into the pages of
the history books to be perused with regret. Ambuj Sharma further says that the novel, Azadi is
about the opportunity battle of India finishing into a story of hardship – a holocaust, massacre,
mass pulverization, illegal conflagration, assault, slaughter and choppiness, gerrymandered by
the British and the Muslim League.3 Though the activity in "Azadi" fixates on the political free
for all at the season of segment of India into India and Pakistan, in actuality it tells about the
effect of the most exceedingly awful disaster ever of India. "Azadi" portrays the pretended by
Indian governmental issues in the lives of both the Hindus and the Muslims all in all and its
effect on the lives of the darlings, as Arun and Nur and later on again the previous with
Chandni.
The adoration among Arun and Nur is very transient and brief. The parcel of India goes
about as a setting in the lives of both Arun and Nur because of which their adoration is
destroyed. Much the same as the segment of the nation into two, there is a sort of division in
their lives as well, that is, the partition of two hearts. Their affection is totally squashed and
broken. The darlings are compelled to isolate from one another because of the overwhelming
political disturbance because of which their future shows up excessively dreary to them. Arun,
who lives in Sialkot with his folks, needs to leave the spot since it turns into a piece of Pakistan.

THEME OF ‘AZADI’:
Chaman Nahal's 'Azadi' is a noteworthy novel on the topic of the segment. The author
reproduces the distinctive subtleties of the results of the segments with reference to a Hindu
family as they voyage structure Sialkot in Pakistan to Delhi, the capital of India. The epic
includes three sections The Lull, the Storm and the Aftermath. They speaks to individually the
beginnings, the center and the finish of the extraordinary occasion of the segment.
On the individual plane, 'Azadi' is the tale of Lala Kanshi Ram and his family living in
Sialkot and on the general plane, of the general population influenced by the segment. Lala
Kanshi Ram, the hero, a discount grain dealer in Sialkot, has earned name, popularity and
fortune by buckling down. His child Arun, an understudy and his cherished spouse, Prabha Rani
makes his natural life calm glad. The initial four sections of this part, The Lull all around intently
familiarize us with Lala Kanshi Ram who is a run of the mill Indian of the time and whose symbol
is Mahatma Gandhi is a patriot Hindu living in the Muslim-greater part Sialkot. He cherishes his
dad and ancestors lived. The British, as indicated by him must stop Indian and offer Azadi to the
Indians.
Be that as it may, the political air in the nation is recently befuddled. The Punjabis are
held under ceaseless pressure and the Muslims just as the Sikhs neglect to figure anything
about the parcel. The narrow minded pioneers assume their insatiable job in all respects
cleverly, just five men sitting and choosing the destiny of the millions. The Arya Samajist Lala
would like to accomplish opportunity with a unified India

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Golden Research Thoughts
Volume : 1 Issue : 2, August - 2011
ISSN:- 2231-5063 Available online at www.lbp.world

The Lala talks in Punjabi and writes in Urdu. For him Urdu isn't the language exclusively
of Muslims, yet he knows about their mentality towards Hindus and Sikhs. He has a firm
confidence in Gandhi and is certain that he will never consent to a division of the nation. In any
case, he is profoundly stressed that everything will be demolished if Pakistan is made. It is with
this dread he puts the fault for the parcel for the most part on Jinnah, Nehru, Baldev Singh,
Rajaji and Kripalan. For him, it is Gandhi and Rajaji who are in charge of bringing Jinnah into
light, who till 1944 was not a man of much significance. He knows about Jinnah's resolved
nature and the expanding requests of the murderous Muslims. In the west Punjab, the Muslims
began killings of the Hindus even preceding the declaration of the parcel.

CONCLUSION:
'Azadi' is past fault. Nahal's work will have its spot as one of the uncommon awful
stories in Indian. It is one of only a handful couple of books to treat parts of the parcel. The
segment changed the impire circumstance. Before the declaration of the parcel plan the life as
delineated in the novel is smooth to the point that various networks drank water from a similar
lake. Be that as it may, the segment harms their relationship. The epic.
Azadi' paints the effect of segment on individual life just as on open life and on the
Indian culture. So 'Azadi' is just an extensive novel which genuinely maps the political brain
science of dread of the two networks. The tale starts with the verifiable comment alluding to 3
June 1947. It was the day Lord Mountbatten had declared the division of the Indian
subcontinent. It was a vital year in the political history of India. The declaration of the artition of
Indian subcontinent has made pressure and nervousness among the general population of both
the Hindu and Muslim people group against one another. That condition has been carefully
delineated by our writer. The sufferings of Kashi Ram's family in novel is the best case of
anindividual disaster which occurred by the making of the new Pakistan for the Muslim people
group. This enduring is the sole topic of 'Azadi'.

REFERENCES:
1. Das, Sisir Kumar, A History Of Indian Literature-1911-1956 - Struggle For Freedom: Triumph
And Tragedy, Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi: 1995, Reprint 2006, p. 371.
2. Sharma, Ambuj, Gandhian Strain in the Indian English Novel, Sarup &Sons, New Delhi: 2004,
pp. 194-195.
3. Ibid. p. 194.
4. Nahal, Chaman, Azadi, Arnold Heinemann, New Delhi: 1975, p. 93.
5. Jha, Mohan, Chaman Nahal’s Azadi: A Search for Identity- Studies in Indian Fiction in English,
Ed. G.S. Balarama Gupta, JIWE Publications, Gulbarga, 1987, pp.39-40.
6. Nahal, Chaman, Azadi, Arnold Heinemann, New Delhi: 1975, p. 266.
7. Ibid. p. 267.
8. Ibid. p. 322.
9. Jha, Mohan, Chaman Nahal’s Azadi: A Search for Identity- Studies in Indian Fiction in English,
Ed. G.S. Balarama Gupta, JIWE Publications, Gulbarga, 1987, p.44