Acceptable reasons

Mathematics

Euclidean Geometry: Acceptable reasons

THEOREM STATEMENT ACCEPTABLE REASON(S)

LINES
The adjacent angles on a straight line are supplementary. ∠s on a str line

If the adjacent angles are supplementary, the outer arms of these adj ∠s supp
angles form a straight line.

The adjacent angles in a revolution add up to 360°. ∠s round a pt OR ∠s in a

revolution
Vertically opposite angles are equal. vert opp ∠s =

If AB || CD, then the alternate angles are equal. alt ∠s; AB || CD

If AB || CD, then the corresponding angles are equal. corresp ∠s; AB || CD

If AB || CD, then the co-interior angles are supplementary. co-int ∠s; AB || CD

If the alternate angles between two lines are equal, then the lines are alt ∠s =
parallel.

If the corresponding angles between two lines are equal, then the corresp ∠s =
lines are parallel.

If the co-interior angles between two lines are supplementary, then Co int ∠s supp
the lines are parallel.

TRIANGLES
The interior angles of a triangle are supplementary. ∠ sum in Δ OR sum of ∠s in Δ
OR Int ∠s Δ
The exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the interior ext ∠ of Δ
opposite angles.

The angles opposite the equal sides in an isosceles triangle are ∠s opp equal sides
equal.

The sides opposite the equal angles in an isosceles triangle are sides opp equal ∠s
equal.

In a right-angled triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the Pythagoras OR

sum of the squares of the other two sides. Theorem of Pythagoras

If the square of the longest side in a triangle is equal to the sum of the Converse Pythagoras
squares of the other two sides, then the triangle is right-angled. OR
Converse Theorem of Pythagoras
If three sides of one triangle are respectively equal to three sides of SSS
another triangle, the triangles are congruent.

If two sides and an included angle of one triangle are respectively SAS OR S∠S
equal to two sides and an included angle of another triangle, the
triangles are congruent.

If two angles and one side of one triangle are respectively equal to AAS OR ∠∠S
two angles and the corresponding side in another triangle, the
triangles are congruent.

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 Acceptable reasons
Mathematics

If in two right angled triangles, the hypotenuse and one side of one RHS OR 90°HS
triangle are respectively equal to the hypotenuse and one side of the
other, the triangles are congruent
The line segment joining the midpoints of two sides of a triangle is Midpt Theorem
parallel to the third side and equal to half the length of the third side

If triangles (or parallelograms) are on the same base (or on bases of same base; same height OR
equal length) and between the same parallel lines, then the triangles equal bases; equal height
(or parallelograms) have equal areas.

CIRCLES
The tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius/diameter of the tan ⊥ radius tan ⊥ diameter
circle at the point of contact.

If a line is drawn perpendicular to a radius/diameter at the point line ⊥ radius OR converse tan ⊥
where the radius/diameter meets the circle, then the line is a tangent radius OR converse tan ⊥
to the circle. diameter

The line drawn from the centre of a circle to the midpoint of a chord is line from centre to midpt of chord
perpendicular to the chord.

The line drawn from the centre of a circle perpendicular to a chord line from centre ⊥ to chord
bisects the chord.

The perpendicular bisector of a chord passes through the centre of perp bisector of chord
the circle;

The angle subtended by an arc at the centre of a circle is double the ∠ at centre = 2 ×∠ at
size of the angle subtended by the same arc at the circle (on the circumference
same side of the chord as the centre)

The angle subtended by the diameter at the circumference of the ∠s in semi-circle OR

circle is 90°. diameter subtends right angle OR

If the angle subtended by a chord at the circumference of the circle is chord subtends 90° OR converse
90°, then the chord is a diameter. ∠s in semi-circle

Angles subtended by a chord of the circle, on the same side of the ∠s in the same seg
chord, are equal

If a line segment joining two points subtends equal angles at two line subtends equal ∠s OR
points on the same side of the line segment, then the four points are converse ∠s in the same seg
on the circumference of the circle.

Equal chords subtend equal angles at the circumference of the circle. equal chords; equal ∠s

Equal chords subtend equal angles at the centre of the circle. equal chords; equal ∠s

Equal chords in equal circles subtend equal angles at the equal circles; equal chords; equal
circumference of the circles. ∠s

Equal chords in equal circles subtend equal angles at the centre of equal circles; equal chords; equal
the circles. ∠s

The opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary opp ∠s of cyclic quad

If the opposite angles of a quadrilateral are supplementary, then the opp ∠s quad sup OR converse
quadrilateral is cyclic. opp ∠s of cyclic quad

The exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral is equal to the interior ext ∠ of cyclic quad
opposite angle.

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 Acceptable reasons
Mathematics

If the exterior angle of a quadrilateral is equal to the interior opposite ext ∠ = int opp ∠ OR converse ext
angle of the quadrilateral, then the quadrilateral is cyclic. ∠ of cyclic quad
Two tangents drawn to a circle from the same point outside the circle tans from common pt. OR tans
are equal in length from same pt.

The angle between the tangent to a circle and the chord drawn from tan chord theorem
the point of contact is equal to the angle in the alternate segment.

If a line is drawn through the endpoint of a chord, making with the converse tan chord theorem OR
chord an angle equal to an angle in the alternate segment, then the ∠ between line and chord
line is a tangent to the circle.

QUADRILATERALS
The interior angles of a quadrilateral add up to 360°. sum of ∠s in quad

The opposite sides of a parallelogram are parallel. opp sides of ||m

If the opposite sides of a quadrilateral are parallel, then the opp sides of quad are ||
quadrilateral is a parallelogram.

The opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal in length. opp sides of ||m

If the opposite sides of a quadrilateral are equal , then the opp sides of quad are = OR
quadrilateral is a parallelogram. converse opp sides of a parm

The opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal. opp ∠s of ||m

If the opposite angles of a quadrilateral are equal, then the opp ∠s of quad are = OR
quadrilateral is a parallelogram. converse opp angles of a parm

The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other. diag of ||m

If the diagonals of a quadrilateral bisect each other, then the diags of quad bisect each other
quadrilateral is a parallelogram. OR
converse diags of a parm
If one pair of opposite sides of a quadrilateral is equal and parallel, pair of opp sides = and ||
then the quadrilateral is a parallelogram.

The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect its area. diag bisect area of ||m

The diagonals of a rhombus bisect at right angles. diags of rhombus

The diagonals of a rhombus bisect the interior angles. diags of rhombus

All four sides of a rhombus are equal in length. sides of rhombus

All four sides of a square are equal in length. sides of square

The diagonals of a rectangle are equal in length. diags of rect

The diagonals of a kite intersect at right-angles. diags of kite

A diagonal of a kite bisects the other diagonal. diag of kite

A diagonal of a kite bisects the opposite angles diag of kite

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