ASP.

NET Basic Controls

Button Controls

ASP.NET provides three types of button control:

It displays text within a rectangular area.

It displays text that looks like a hyperlink.

It displays an image.

When a user clicks a button, two events are raised: Click and Command.
Basic syntax of button control:

<asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" onclick="Button1_Click" Text="Click" / >

Common properties of the button control:

Property Description

Text The text displayed on the button. This is for button and link button
controls only.

ImageUrl For image button control only. The image to be displayed for the
button.

AlternateText For image button control only. The text to be displayed if the browser
cannot display the image.

CausesValidation Determines whether page validation occurs when a user clicks the
button. The default is true.

CommandName A string value that is passed to the command event when a user
clicks the button.

CommandArgument A string value that is passed to the command event when a user
clicks the button.

PostBackUrl The URL of the page that is requested when the user clicks the
button.
Text Boxes and Labels

Text box controls are typically used to accept input from the user. A text box control can
accept one or more lines of text depending upon the settings of the TextMode attribute.
Label controls provide an easy way to display text which can be changed from one
execution of a page to the next. If you want to display text that does not change, you use
the literal text.
Basic syntax of text control:

<asp:TextBox ID="txtstate" runat="server" ></asp:TextBox>

Common Properties of the Text Box and Labels:

Property Description

TextMode Specifies the type of text box. SingleLine creates a standard text box, MultiLIne
creates a text box that accepts more than one line of text and the Password causes
the characters that are entered to be masked. The default is SingleLine.

Text The text content of the text box.

MaxLength The maximum number of characters that can be entered into the text box.

Wrap It determines whether or not text wraps automatically for multi-line text box; default
is true.

ReadOnly Determines whether the user can change the text in the box; default is false, i.e., the
user cannot change the text.

Columns The width of the text box in characters. The actual width is determined based on the
font that is used for the text entry.

Rows The height of a multi-line text box in lines. The default value is 0, means a single line
text box.

The mostly used attribute for a label control is 'Text', which implies the text displayed on
the label.
Check Boxes and Radio Buttons

A check box displays a single option that the user can either check or uncheck and radio
buttons present a group of options from which the user can select just one option.
To create a group of radio buttons, you specify the same name for the GroupName attribute
of each radio button in the group. If more than one group is required in a single form, then
specify a different group name for each group.
If you want check box or radio button to be selected when the form is initially displayed, set
its Checked attribute to true. If the Checked attribute is set to true for multiple radio
buttons in a group, then only the last one is considered as true.
Basic syntax of check box:

<asp:CheckBox ID= "chkoption" runat= "Server">

</asp:CheckBox>

Basic syntax of radio button:

<asp:RadioButton ID= "rdboption" runat= "Server">

</asp: RadioButton>

Common properties of check boxes and radio buttons:

Property Description

Text The text displayed next to the check box or radio button.

Checked Specifies whether it is selected or not, default is false.

GroupName Name of the group the control belongs to.

List Controls

ASP.NET provides the following controls

 Drop-down list,
 List box,
 Radio button list,
 Check box list,
 Bulleted list.
These control let a user choose from one or more items from the list. List boxes and drop-
down lists contain one or more list items. These lists can be loaded either by code or by the
ListItemCollection editor.
Basic syntax of list box control:

<asp:DropDownList ID="DropDownList1" runat="server" AutoPostBack="True"

OnSelectedIndexChanged="DropDownList1_SelectedIndexChanged">
</asp:DropDownList>

Common properties of list box and drop-down Lists:

Property Description

Items The collection of ListItem objects that represents the items in the control.
This property returns an object of type ListItemCollection.

Rows Specifies the number of items displayed in the box. If actual list contains
more rows than displayed then a scroll bar is added.

SelectedIndex The index of the currently selected item. If more than one item is selected,
then the index of the first selected item. If no item is selected, the value of
this property is -1.

SelectedValue The value of the currently selected item. If more than one item is selected,
then the value of the first selected item. If no item is selected, the value of
this property is an empty string ("").

SelectionMode Indicates whether a list box allows single selections or multiple selections.

Common properties of each list item objects:

Property Description

Text The text displayed for the item.

Selected Indicates whether the item is selected.

Value A string value associated with the item.

It is important to notes that:

 To work with the items in a drop-down list or list box, you use the Items property of
the control. This property returns a ListItemCollection object which contains all the
items of the list.
 The SelectedIndexChanged event is raised when the user selects a different item
from a drop-down list or list box.

The ListItemCollection

The ListItemCollection object is a collection of ListItem objects. Each ListItem object

represents one item in the list. Items in a ListItemCollection are numbered from 0.
When the items into a list box are loaded using strings like: lstcolor.Items.Add("Blue"), then
both the Text and Value properties of the list item are set to the string value you specify. To
set it differently you must create a list item object and then add that item to the collection.
The ListItemCollection Editor is used to add item to a drop-down list or list box. This is used
to create a static list of items. To display the collection editor, select edit item from the
smart tag menu, or select the control and then click the ellipsis button from the Item
property in the properties window.
Common properties of ListItemCollection:

Property Description

Item(integer) A ListItem object that represents the item at the specified index.

Count The number of items in the collection.

Common methods of ListItemCollection:

Methods Description

Add(string) Adds a new item at the end of the collection and assigns the string
parameter to the Text property of the item.

Add(ListItem) Adds a new item at the end of the collection.

Insert(integer, string) Inserts an item at the specified index location in the collection, and
assigns string parameter to the text property of the item.

Insert(integer, ListItem) Inserts the item at the specified index location in the collection.

Remove(string) Removes the item with the text value same as the string.

Remove(ListItem) Removes the specified item.

RemoveAt(integer) Removes the item at the specified index as the integer.

Clear Removes all the items of the collection.

FindByValue(string) Returns the item whose value is same as the string.

FindByValue(Text) Returns the item whose text is same as the string.

Radio Button list and Check Box list

A radio button list presents a list of mutually exclusive options. A check box list presents a
list of independent options. These controls contain a collection of ListItem objects that
could be referred to through the Items property of the control.
Basic syntax of radio button list:

<asp:RadioButtonList ID="RadioButtonList1" runat="server" AutoPostBack="True"

OnSelectedIndexChanged="RadioButtonList1_SelectedIndexChanged">
</asp:RadioButtonList>

Basic syntax of check box list:

<asp:CheckBoxList ID="CheckBoxList1" runat="server" AutoPostBack="True"

OnSelectedIndexChanged="CheckBoxList1_SelectedIndexChanged">
</asp:CheckBoxList>

Common properties of check box and radio button lists:

Property Description

RepeatLayout This attribute specifies whether the table tags or the normal
html flow to use while formatting the list when it is rendered.
The default is Table.

RepeatDirection It specifies the direction in which the controls to be repeated.

The values available are Horizontal and Vertical. Default is
Vertical.

RepeatColumns It specifies the number of columns to use when repeating the

controls; default is 0.

Bulleted lists and Numbered lists

The bulleted list control creates bulleted lists or numbered lists. These controls contain a
collection of ListItem objects that could be referred to through the Items property of the
control.
Basic syntax of a bulleted list:

<asp:BulletedList ID="BulletedList1" runat="server">

</asp:BulletedList>

Common properties of the bulleted list:

Property Description

BulletStyle This property specifies the style and looks of the bullets, or
numbers.

RepeatDirection It specifies the direction in which the controls to be repeated.

The values available are Horizontal and Vertical. Default is
 Vertical.

RepeatColumns It specifies the number of columns to use when repeating the

controls; default is 0.

HyperLink Control

The HyperLink control is like the HTML <a> element.

Basic syntax for a hyperlink control:

<asp:HyperLink ID="HyperLink1" runat="server">

HyperLink
</asp:HyperLink>

It has the following important properties:

Property Description

ImageUrl Path of the image to be displayed by the control.

NavigateUrl Target link URL.

Text The text to be displayed as the link.

Target The window or frame which loads the linked page.

Image Control

The image control is used for displaying images on the web page, or some alternative text,
if the image is not available.
Basic syntax for an image control:

<asp:Image ID="Image1" runat="server">

It has the following important properties:

Property Description

AlternateText Alternate text to be displayed in absence of the image.

ImageAlign Alignment options for the control.

ImageUrl Path of the image to be displayed by the control.

ASP.NET - Managing State
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is a stateless protocol. When the client disconnects
from the server, the ASP.NET engine discards the page objects. This way, each web
application can scale up to serve numerous requests simultaneously without running out of
server memory.
However, there needs to be some technique to store the information between requests and
to retrieve it when required. This information i.e., the current value of all the controls and
variables for the current user in the current session is called the State.
ASP.NET manages four types of states:

 View State
 Control State
 Session State
 Application State