Diabetes Treatment Literature Review
Diabetes Treatment Literature Review
Diabetes Treatment Literature Review
Welcome to our guide on navigating the intricate landscape of crafting a literature review focused on
diabetes treatment. Delving into the vast sea of scholarly articles, clinical trials, and medical journals
can be a daunting task, but fear not, as we're here to shed light on the process.
Writing a literature review on diabetes treatment requires meticulous research, critical analysis, and
synthesis of existing knowledge. It involves sifting through a plethora of studies, examining
methodologies, findings, and conclusions to construct a coherent narrative that contributes
meaningfully to the field.
One of the primary challenges lies in the sheer volume of available literature. Diabetes, being a
prevalent chronic condition, has garnered extensive attention from researchers worldwide. As such,
navigating through this vast body of work while ensuring relevance and credibility can be
overwhelming.
Furthermore, ensuring the inclusion of up-to-date research adds another layer of complexity. With
advancements in medical science occurring rapidly, it's imperative to stay abreast of the latest studies
and incorporate them into the review.
Moreover, maintaining objectivity and avoiding bias is paramount. It's essential to critically evaluate
each source, considering factors such as sample size, methodology, and potential conflicts of interest.
Given the intricacies involved, many individuals find themselves seeking assistance in crafting a
literature review that meets scholarly standards. This is where ⇒ StudyHub.vip ⇔ comes into play.
By availing yourself of the services offered by ⇒ StudyHub.vip ⇔, you can ensure that your
literature review on diabetes treatment is meticulously researched, well-structured, and adheres to the
highest academic standards. With their expertise at your disposal, you can confidently navigate the
complexities of academic writing while focusing on other aspects of your research.
In conclusion, writing a literature review on diabetes treatment is undoubtedly challenging, but with
the right approach and support, it can be a rewarding endeavor. For those seeking professional
assistance, ⇒ StudyHub.vip ⇔ stands ready to provide the guidance and expertise needed to craft a
compelling and informative review.
Other studies also indicated that different forms of cancer including liver cancer, pancreatic cancer,
and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma are predominant in diabetic patients. The chances of diabetes were
supposed to be higher in South Asian women mainly because of their diet and obesity issues.
Diabetes and chronic hepatitis C (CHC) alter the immune system concurrently. By concluding these
factors it can be suggested that the combination of VEGF inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors, SiRNA
therapy, MiRNA therapy could be an effective management strategy for diabetic patients alongside
being a reference for developing novel treatment and management methods. On the other hand, self
management is the action taken by an individual for purposes of managing their condition. There is
another type of diabetes called gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) that occurs only during
pregnancy. Medicinal fruits play an important role in the development of potent therapeutic agents.
Oxidative stress induced complications of diabetes may include stroke, neuropathy, retinopathy and
nephropathy. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease (TropicalMed). Standardized Terminologies
There are various ways of managing Diabetes mellitus, which include: Medical Nutrition: In this
intervention the patients has to avoid consuming dietary that contains saturated fats. In T1DM, the
destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic ?-cells is caused by an autoimmune reaction that is
activated by T-lymphocytes reacting against ?-cells. Alam S, Hasan MK, Neaz S, Hussain N,
Hossain MF, Rahman T. Fasting plasma glucose test is another reliable routine method for the
diagnosis of diabetes. Treatment of Type 2 diabetes Individual with Type 2 diabetes are required to
eat diets that are healthy and also take physical exercises regularly. There is lack of information on
the interactivity between environmental and genetic diabetes risk factors. For example, TZDs have a
well-defined set of side effects associated with their action as a PPAR-gamma agonist in adipocytes.
In uncontrolled diabetes, the high blood glucose level in the delicate vessels of the retina increases
osmotic pressure, and the vessels get leaked or rupture in some instances resulting in an impaired
supply of blood to the retina. Although it is incredibly effective, it is also considered a drastic
solution as it permanently changes a person’s gastrointestinal system and comes with the possibility
of complications like infection, bleeding, and other gastrointestinal problems. The surgery works by
shrinking the size of the stomach which helps patients stick to smaller portions. Diabetic ketoacidosis
(DKA) is a feature of insulin insufficiency rather than resistance, which characterizes T2DM. Feature
papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. A
Feature. Diabetes as public health problem Incidents and prevalence of diabetes are quite alarming.
The Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) assay provided an accurate, precise measure of chronic glycemic
levels, and associates with the risk of diabetes complications. Alam, Saruar, Md. Kamrul Hasan,
Sharif Neaz, Nazmul Hussain, Md. In terms of socio-cultural factors, it was found that low economic
status was one of the major reasons behind the prevalence of diabetes (Kanaya, et al, 2008). Alam S,
Hasan MK, Neaz S, Hussain N, Hossain MF, Rahman T. Once individuals have been diagnosed with
diabetes, self-management should be part and parcel of their lives. Results: Diagnostic sensitivity of
all diabetic criteria were 80.33% for A1c; 75% for OGTT and only 41.87% for FPG respectively. On
the other hand, Type 2 diabetes exhibits strong genetic connections. In addition to that, some eating
habits are native in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Several studies indicated that cognitive dysfunction
occurs in T2DM affecting intelligence, attention, memory, learning, and perception.
Moderate exercise which decreases obesity helps lowering blood glucose levels through insulin-
independent glucose transport into the muscle. Pakistan, Brazil, and Mexico are those projected to
the high-end diabetic groups with diabetic patients at around 19 million, 16 million, and 12 million,
respectively. Diabetes Mellitus: Insights from Epidemiology, Biochemistry, Risk Factors, Diagnosis,
Complications and Comprehensive Management. For purposes of reducing its complication risks, an
individual needs to undergo a continuous medical attention and care. This paper will review the
literature in an effort to understand what might be done to prevent these ulcers from occurring and
what is being studied for treatment once they have formed. It was further found that the chances of
diabetes were quite high in Asians compared to other populations (Ye, et al, 2009). Samples under
complete medical fasting state were collected for glucose and glycated hemoglobin analysis, and
then samples were collected at 1 hour and 2 hour for plasma glucose as part of oral glucose tolerance
testing (OGTT). The prevalence of comorbid depression in adults with diabetes: a meta-analysis.
Individuals suffering from diabetes have to make a variety of decisions based on the diet, physical
activities to be performed and how to confront various situations such as stresses and how to adhere
to their prescribed medications. This is because, the selected Saudi population composed of young
and older individuals (20-79yrs). Conclusions: Further investigations are required, and more
attention should be drawn to explore the biological activity of hundreds of traditionally used
medicinal plants both in vitro and in vivo to assess the claimed activity with the aim of finding
potent antidiabetic candidates from the natural resources. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and
oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) are commonly demonstrated for screening diabetes. In Table 2,
seven classes of drugs are listed that have been utilized in pharmacological therapies of DM.
However, it is expected that DM would become globally extinct while these technologies become
available for the general public. 8. Conclusions and Future Perspectives This review focused on the
epidemiology of diabetes, the complications of diabetes, and the appropriate management of the
disease. Lau, Edwin Fisher, Williams Goggins, Brian Oldenburg and Julianna Chan Endocrine
profiles have been measured on blood samples obtained immediately post-competition from 693 elite
athletes from 15 Olympic Sports competing at National or International level; four were
subsequently. She is deeply interested in literature, poetry, cats, and dessert. Prevalence of coronary
artery disease (CAD), heart disease, and sudden cardiac death are elevated in diabetic patients. The
initial symptoms of type 2 Diabetes mellitus are the emission of a faint smell, normally fruit or
vegetable order, in his breath or urine. To achieve successful self-management, it is advisable to offer
patients with information about their conditions. Results: Diagnostic sensitivity of all diabetic
criteria were 80.33% for A1c; 75% for OGTT and only 41.87% for FPG respectively. Diabetic
nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy is caused due to prolonged high blood sugar level over time. A
huge prospective trial should be recommended for purposes of modifying Saudi population life style
through exercise increase, weight reduction and adoption of eating habits that are healthy. An
inappropriate insulin dosing can sometimes lead to hypoglycemia which is even more serious than
hyperglycemia. Multiple risk factors are involved in the etiopathogenesis of the disease and turning
the disease into an epidemic. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. The self-
management programs are such as education structures that are programmed, high quality provision
of information, peer support and care planning for individuals with diabetes. In T1DM, the
destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic ?-cells is caused by an autoimmune reaction that is
activated by T-lymphocytes reacting against ?-cells. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet
faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. Saud Med Journal
2010, 31: 768-774. 20. Peyrot M, Rubin RR. Levels and risks of depression and anxiety
symptomatology among diabetic adults. The reason being that, the insulin produced by the pancreas
is not adequate enough or it is ineffective thus making the body unable to utilize the food
carbohydrates.
In this review, we focused on the biochemical aspects of diabetes, risk factors including both
environmental and genetic, disease complications, diagnosis, management, and currently available
medications for the treatment of diabetes. Fasting plasma glucose test is another reliable routine
method for the diagnosis of diabetes. Lifestyle Related Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in
Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med Journal 2011, 32:953-1050. 22. Stuckler, D. Population Causes and
Consequences of Leading Chronic Diseases: A comparative Analysis of Prevailing Explanations.
Keep on browsing if you are OK with that, or find out how to manage cookies. In order to encounter
the deleterious effects of such species, body has got endogenous antioxidant systems or it obtains
exogenous antioxidants from diet that neutralizes such species and keeps the homeostasis of body.
Depression in diabetic patients: the relationship between mood and glycemic control. Chronic
diseases have been on the rise for the past decades and concentrated in the developing countries. A
total of 868 individuals attended to the medicine outpatient clinic at Lord Buddha Koshi Medical
College, Saharsa, Bihar between Jan 2016 to Dec 2016 were selected for the study after screening a
large cohort visited OPD. Diabetes mellitus delayed diagnosis results in various complications that
disrupt individual productivity and increasing disease burden. Genes behind monogenic diabetes and
their clinical features. In that case, the pancreas cells responsible for producing insulin get attacked
by the body immune system. Please note that many of the page functionalities won't work as
expected without javascript enabled. Thus, high blood glucose levels due to DM results in diabetic
nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and diabetic cataracts. Initial studies showed reductions in
HbA1c with self-monitoring; however, the inclusion of beneficial health behaviors such as diet and
exercise in the analyses makes it difficult to assess the effectiveness of self-monitor blood glucose
alone. Diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy is caused due to prolonged high blood sugar level
over time. Diabetes and chronic hepatitis C (CHC) alter the immune system concurrently. To
overcome this phenomenon often diabetic patients having insulin are advised to keep some sugar or
chocolate with them. However, various epidemiological studies conducted different parts of the
universe have shown significant discordance between HbA1c and glucose-based tests. Several
treatments have been developed so far for diabetes, with a majority of them being focused on type 1
diabetes. As such, more and more emphasis should be directed in early management of the condition
through screening and creation of awareness among the public on Diabetes mellitus. Editors select a
small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly.
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a feature of insulin insufficiency rather than resistance, which
characterizes T2DM. Diabetes mellitus Type 2 (T2DM) is the most common type of the disorder.
Several infectious diseases including coxsackievirus, nonenveloped linear single-stranded RNA virus,
rotavirus, and cytomegalovirus also trigger autoimmunity to T1DM. Various genes are responsible for
the cause of this type of diabetes and are still under scrutiny. Summary of revisions for the 2010
clinical practice recommendations. This is because, the selected Saudi population composed of young
and older individuals (20-79yrs). Medication is the last step in the management of diabetes. In
T2DM, mTOR is overactivated which phosphorylates IRS-1 and attenuates the metabolic pathway of
insulin signaling.
Mutations in genes encoding transcription factors are most common in familial DM. It is therefore of
great clinical significance if research is conducted on specific population of diabetes patients. In order
to be human-readable, please install an RSS reader. The results of FPG, OGTT and HbA1c for 1814
individual were analyzed and all grouped as diabetic patients, glucose intolerant (pre-diabetes)
patients and non-diabetic patients according to new ADA criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes. Other
studies also indicated that different forms of cancer including liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and
non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma are predominant in diabetic patients. Download Free PDF View PDF
GLYCATED HAEMOGLOBIN HbA1c FOR DIAGONOSIS OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Anannya Bose, Susanta Paul Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) gives an estimate of long-term average
glycemic status. The phenomenon is also known as Fournier’s gangrene is a very rare condition
whereas diabetes makes it more common. Assessing glycemia in diabetes using self-monitoring blood
glucose and hemoglobin A1c. Al-Hazzaa, HM. Prevalence of physical inactivity in Saudi Arabia: a
brief review. This is 100% legal. You may not submit downloaded papers as your own, that is
cheating. Also you. Prevalence of diabetes by world regions in 2019 and 2045 (estimated).
Nevertheless, some of these drugs have some metabolic side effects. Conflicts of Interest The authors
declare no conflict of interest. Multiple risk factors are involved in the actual onset of the disease. It
is used routinely to assess glycemic control in diabetics to attain treatment goals and prevent long
term complications. We use cookies to create the best experience for you. See Full PDF Download
PDF About Press Blog People Papers Topics Job Board We're Hiring. Depression in diabetic patients:
the relationship between mood and glycemic control. Oxidative stress induced complications of
diabetes may include stroke, neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy. Based on the results, it was
concluded that the goals for diabetes prevention and. Several studies indicated that cognitive
dysfunction occurs in T2DM affecting intelligence, attention, memory, learning, and perception.
Managing diabetes in Kingdom Saudi Arabia is an uphill task. Keep on browsing if you are OK with
that, or find out how to manage cookies. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Analyses (JETA).
Genes behind monogenic diabetes and their clinical features. The abnormal reaction might be
inflamed by a viral or existing body infection. Prolonged hyperglycemia can cause severe
complications that probably affect every system of the body and every drug taken by the patient.
However, various epidemiological studies conducted different parts of the universe have shown
significant discordance between HbA1c and glucose-based tests. However, it is estimated that almost
30% of subjects with diabetes are not aware of the disease, and moreover, they already have long-
term complications of chronic hyperglycemia at diagnosis. The most commonly used drugs are a
class of biguanides, thiazolidinediones, ?-glucosidase inhibitors, and glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist.
In that case, diabetes should be properly treated and taken seriously. This technology is especially
promising for parents of children with type 1 diabetes who fear dangerous middle-of-the-night blood
sugar drops that could potentially result in coma or hospitalization. All plant extract were most
effective for hypoglycemia and hypocholesterolemia in female mice as compared to male mice.
There is need to increase depression awareness among diabetes patients. I n 1993, the World Health
Organization(WHO) Ad Hoc Diabetes Reporting Group published standardized global estimates for
the prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in adults, based on data from 75
communities in 32 countries. These activities are extremely difficult for individuals leaving with a
permanent condition. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. These subjects were
later stratified to have all the disease ranges in terms of severity by 75 g OGTT results into following
groups: Group-1: Controls, Group-2: Subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), bu. As a matter
of fact, the prevalence of diabetes increases with age. Thus, diabetes can occur due to a complex
interaction among many different risk factors. 4. Diagnosis of Diabetes As untreated DM can lead to
serious complications, early diagnosis of diabetes may prevent serious consequences due to the
illness. As per the National Health Survey, participants from Asian subgroups were asked questions
on their understanding of diabetes in them and around 14% of Asian Indians reported to be having
diabetes (Kanaya, et al, 2008). Diabetes mellitus is of great concern to health care providers from all
specialities of medicine. India seconds the list at 77 million followed by the United States of
America at 31 million demonstrating the US as one of the most diabetic risk countries in the
upcoming decade. This study examined how neighborhood social disorganization i. Traditional plant
treatments have been used throughout the world for the therapy of diabetes mellitus. An artificial
pancreas works by constantly monitoring blood sugar with a continuous glucose monitor alongside
an insulin pump that processes data to deliver the perfect amount of insulin. So this plant part and a
combination of presently used plants can be used for further studies particularly among females by
the purification of active compounds against hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia. We use
cookies on our website to ensure you get the best experience. Antioxidant therapy is effective as it
lowers plasma insulin and HbA1c level. In uncontrolled diabetes, the high blood glucose level in the
delicate vessels of the retina increases osmotic pressure, and the vessels get leaked or rupture in some
instances resulting in an impaired supply of blood to the retina. Ethnobotanical field work is different
from the routine field collection, which are done usually by taxonomists or flora writers in
ethnobotanical study. For purposes of reducing its complication risks, an individual needs to undergo
a continuous medical attention and care. Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in
type 2 diabetes. Feature papers are submitted upon individual invitation or recommendation by the
scientific editors and must receive. Forty seven age and sex matched normoglycemic healthy looking
controls were also included in the study. More research is required before testing can be done on
human subjects, but the breakthrough shows great promise. It appears that uric acid behavior is
closely related to. Managing diabetes in Kingdom Saudi Arabia is an uphill task. She is deeply
interested in literature, poetry, cats, and dessert.
Somatic gene therapy shares a common disadvantage with stem cell technology as both these
technologies are in the development phase and thus unavailable for general clinical practice. An
artificial pancreas would also allow people to see how their blood sugar trends throughout the day
and how eating, exercising, and sleeping makes a difference. Apart from inadequate insulin, diabetes
can also be caused by pancreas diseases. Approximately eighty percent (80%) of the deaths occur in
middle and low-income countries. Funding This research received no external funding. This
technology is especially promising for parents of children with type 1 diabetes who fear dangerous
middle-of-the-night blood sugar drops that could potentially result in coma or hospitalization.
Quality of life in individuals with serious mental illness and type 2 diabetes. Self-management
results to outcomes that are positive. Once individuals have been diagnosed with diabetes, self-
management should be part and parcel of their lives. European Journal of Investigation in Health,
Psychology and Education (EJIHPE). This study examined how neighborhood social disorganization
i. Prevalence of diabetes by world regions in 2019 and 2045 (estimated). The high blood glucose
level in diabetic patients stimulates superoxide production by the Maillard reaction. Another reason
for recorded increase in diabetes according to the study might be the increased risk factors in KSA
responsible for causing diabetes mellitus. Several studies indicated that cognitive dysfunction occurs
in T2DM affecting intelligence, attention, memory, learning, and perception. Insulin secretagogues
are one of the earliest developed antidiabetic drugs and a major disadvantage of them is that there is
always a chance of causing hypoglycemia. Keep on browsing if you are OK with that, or find out
how to manage cookies. Treatment of Type 1 diabetes Individuals with Type 1 diabetes require
insulin injections. Diabetes Mellitus: Insights from Epidemiology, Biochemistry, Risk Factors,
Diagnosis, Complications and Comprehensive Management. Standardized Terminologies There are
various ways of managing Diabetes mellitus, which include: Medical Nutrition: In this intervention
the patients has to avoid consuming dietary that contains saturated fats. Depression in diabetic
patients: the relationship between mood and glycemic control. Visit our dedicated information
section to learn more about MDPI. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more
securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. However, various epidemiological
studies conducted different parts of the universe have shown significant discordance between
HbA1c and glucose-based tests. It was further found that the chances of diabetes were quite high in
Asians compared to other populations (Ye, et al, 2009). Diabetes, for which there is no cure,
apparently can be kept under control by maintaining self-care in daily living, effective diabetes
education, with comprehensive improvements in knowledge, attitudes, skills, and management. It
was found that in terms of the genetics, various participants suffer from diabetes because of the
involvement of genes while many suffer from the insulin secretory defects. All articles published by
MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special. Even
though it can help prevent type 2 diabetes from developing by reversing prediabetes, it is widely
underprescribed by physicians, and researchers aren’t sure why. References 1. Abright, A. Public
Health Practice and Diabetes- What more can be done to halt the epidemic.