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Maths s1 164

This document provides an example of a probability distribution table. [1] It presents a scenario where 10 people (8 youths, 1 man, 1 woman) are boarding a bus randomly and the number of youths (Y) that board is being modeled. [2] A probability distribution table is constructed showing the possible values of Y (1, 2, 3) and their probabilities calculated using combinations. [3] The table satisfies the condition that the sum of the probabilities is 1, correctly representing a probability distribution.

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65 views1 page

Maths s1 164

This document provides an example of a probability distribution table. [1] It presents a scenario where 10 people (8 youths, 1 man, 1 woman) are boarding a bus randomly and the number of youths (Y) that board is being modeled. [2] A probability distribution table is constructed showing the possible values of Y (1, 2, 3) and their probabilities calculated using combinations. [3] The table satisfies the condition that the sum of the probabilities is 1, correctly representing a probability distribution.

Uploaded by

HP Chua
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cambridge International AS & A Level Mathematics: Probability & Statistics 1

KEY POINT 6.1


Answer
A probability
0.05 + c 2 + c + 0.1 + 2c + 0.05 + 0.16 = 1
distribution shows all
We use Σp = 1 to form and solve
c 2 + 3c – 0.64 = 0 the possible values of a
an equation in c.
( c − 0.2)( c + 3.2) = 0 variable and the sum
of the probabilities is
c = 0.2 or c = −3.2 Σp = 1
Note that if c = −3.2, then
The valid solution is c = 0.2 .
P(V = 3) = 10.24, P(V = 4) = −3.1 TIP
and P(V = 5) = −6.35.
∴ P(V > 4) = P(V = 5) + P(V = 6) Do check whether the
= (2 × 0.2) + 0.05 + 0.16 solutions are valid.
= 0.61 Remember that a
probability cannot be
less than 0 or greater
than 1.
WORKED EXAMPLE 6.3

There are spaces for three more passengers on a bus, but eight youths, one man and
one woman wish to board.
The bus driver decides to select three of these people at random and allow them
to board.
Draw up the probability distribution table for Y , the number of youths selected.
152
Answer

Selections are made without replacement, so we can use combinations to find P(Y = y ).

Possible values of Y are 1, 2 and 3 At least one youth will be selected


because there are only two non-youths,
who we denote by Y ′.

10
C3 possible selections. Selecting three from 10 people.

8
C1 × 2C2 1 Selecting one from 8Y , and two
P(Y = 1) = =
10
C3 15 from 2Y ′.

8
C2 × 2C1 7 Selecting two from 8Y , and one
P(Y = 2) = 10 =
C3 15 from 2Y ′.

8
C3 × 2C0 7 Selecting three from 8Y , and none
P(Y = 3) = 10 =
C3 15 from 2Y ′.
y 1 2 3
The table shows the probability
TIP
1 7 7 distribution for Y .
P(Y = y )
15 15 15 Always check that
Σp = 1 .

Copyright Material - Review Only - Not for Redistribution

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