Literature Review On Malaria Control
Literature Review On Malaria Control
It requires
extensive research, critical analysis, and synthesis of existing literature to provide a comprehensive
overview of the topic. The process involves searching for relevant scholarly articles, journals, books,
and other sources that discuss various aspects of malaria control, including prevention strategies,
treatment methods, epidemiology, and public health policies.
One of the main challenges of writing a literature review on malaria control is the vast amount of
information available on the subject. With a plethora of studies, reports, and data sets to sift through,
it can be challenging to identify the most relevant and reliable sources. Additionally, understanding
and interpreting complex scientific findings and methodologies can be time-consuming and requires
a strong background in epidemiology, biology, and public health.
Another difficulty in writing a literature review on malaria control is organizing the information in a
coherent and structured manner. It's essential to present the literature in a logical sequence,
highlighting key findings, trends, and gaps in research while avoiding redundancy and repetition.
This requires careful planning and organization to ensure that the review flows smoothly and
effectively communicates the key points to the reader.
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The sampling frame was developed through the use of global positioning system (GPS) linked with
hand-held computers (PDAs) to allow rapid preliminary mapping of the EA from which a simple
random sample of households was selected. Such knowledge is also likely to affect the evaluation of
relatedness to the drug treatment by the investigator. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1989;8:745-7502594448
Google Scholar Crossref 20. Mobile suppliers, such as sales representatives of drug companies or
general distributors, served retailers in many settings, although their popularity and the types of
outlets they served varied. Studies that looked at the structure of the distribution chain, in terms of
supply sources, supplier numbers and characteristics for both anti-malarials and medicines in general
were also included on the basis that anti-malarials are expected to follow the same distribution route
as other drugs and represent an important share of all drugs distributed in developing countries.
Where literature is scarce: observations and lessons learnt from four systematic reviews of zoonoses
in African countries. Artesunate versus quinine for treatment of severe falciparum malaria: a
randomised trial. Lancet. 2005;366:717-72516125588 Google Scholar Crossref 159. Parasitaemia,
another common indicator used to assess malaria control, was also evaluated in this study. EPI-HF)
and year (2005 vs. 2008). Overall, there was no significant effect of type of survey on measured
change in anaemia or parasitaemia over the 3 years. Among sixteen studies in this review, half were
classified as low risk of bias. Kremsner PG, Zotter GM, Feldmeier H, Graninger W, Rocha RM,
Wiedermann G. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000;44:1680-168510817728 Google Scholar
Crossref 135. Scand J Infect Dis. 2003;35:897-89814723376 Google Scholar Crossref 111. The goal
of this paper was to characterize and critically assess the potential for zooprophylaxis to reduce
malaria transmission, with specific attention paid to the contexts under which it may be an effective
component of IVM. Statewide depiction of block level malaria APIs during the year of LLIN
distribution; District and block names are provided for reference, and API is indicated by both
numeric value and color-coding where red indicates the highest malaria burden. Molineaux L. The
epidemiology of human malaria as an explanation of its distribution, including some implications for
its control. Chloroquine efficacy for Plasmodium vivax malaria treatment in southern Ethiopia. Malar
J. 2015;14:525. Article. Hyper-reactive malarial splenomegaly: rare cause of pyrexia of unknown
origin. In addition, the survival through the aquatic stages was adjusted to the field conditions. In the
LMM 2010 version, c is approximated as 20% in contrast to 50% of the LMM 2004, which is
located amidst the observed measurements. An increased risk of stillbirth was observed in the MQ
group (12.5 versus 0%) in the first phase of the trial but this was not confirmed in the second phase.
None of the studies clearly reported how severity of ADRs was assessed and reporting on the
severity of ADRs depended on their statement. FG contributed to the study design, revised critically
the different versions of the draft manuscript and contributed to the final version. Antimicrob Agents
Chemother. 2004;48:1329-133415047537 Google Scholar Crossref 71. Am J Trop Med Hyg.
1998;58:358-3649546419 Google Scholar 179. Otherwise, the hospital should contact their local or
regional distributor to request the drug or contact the Eli Lilly Co directly (telephone: 1-800-821-
0538). 152 Assistance from the company to arrange a rapid shipment of the drug is available between
the hours of 6 AM and 6 PM. Hyperreactive malarial splenomegaly in Europeans: Report of five
cases. Complete risk of bias assessment figures were depicted in Tables 3, 4, and 5. Master
Dissertation. 2006, Federal University of Amazonas, Health Sciences School. Neglected Plasmodium
vivax malaria in northeastern states of India.
District-wise surveillance of malaria in Meghalaya as conducted by the Meghalaya State Malaria
Control Programme is essential to understanding malaria epidemiology statewide and for designing
and conducting studies to improve surveillance, intervention efficacy, and disease management.
Obviously, U 1 is set to zero since female mosquitoes are not able to produce progeny without water
supply. Bull World Health Org. 1978, 56: 147-154. PubMed Central. Temperature, land use and land
cover, surface moisture and vector breeding. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1992;86:121-1221440763
Google Scholar Crossref 127. They buy from upstream suppliers, referred to as primary suppliers if
they are the point of entry into the distribution chain after a drug has left the factory gate, or
intermediate suppliers if they themselves obtain drugs from primary suppliers. Heat map showing the
occurrence of clinical signs and symptoms in patients infected with specific agents. (shading
represents the proportion of positive cases (%)). Blood slides were stained with field stain and read
by an expert microscopist at the College of Medicine. Randomized controlled trial of artesunate plus
tetracycline versus standard treatment (quinine plus tetracycline) for uncomplicated Plasmodium
falciparum malaria in Brazil. Systematic review of the clinical manifestations of glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase deficiency in the Greater Mekong Subregion: implications for malaria elimination
and beyond. Download citation Received: 17 September 2010 Accepted: 11 February 2011
Published: 11 February 2011 DOI: Share this article Anyone you share the following link with will
be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for
this article. Acknowledgment: We thank Phuc Nguyen-Dinh, MD, MPH, Malaria Branch, Division of
Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (retired in February 2007), for his
thorough review and critical comments on the manuscript. Post-Malaria Neurological Syndrome
(PMNS) is a post-infectious complex neurological entity occurring from 2 days up to 2 months after
occurrence of malaria. Acute psychosis after mefloquine: report of six cases. We also thank the
Center for the Study of Complex Malaria in India (CSCMI) personnel based at the Indian Institute
of Public Health-Shillong for organizing and collating the data. Heterogeneity was identified using
the I 2 statistic, in which value I 2 0%-40%: might not be important, 30%-60%: moderate
heterogeneity, 50%-90% substantial heterogeneity, and 75%-100%: considerable heterogeneity. Am J
Trop Med Hyg. 1999;60:526-53210348224 Google Scholar 103. Among children Figure 3 ITN
ownership by wealth index in HH surveys. J Trop Pediatr. 1985;31:213-2153900435 Google Scholar
Crossref 29. Diagnosis of febrile illnesses other than Ebola virus disease at an Ebola treatment unit in
Sierra Leone. Therapeutic responses to quinine and clindamycin in multidrug-resistant falciparum
malaria. No differences were found in the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women exposed to
MQ compared to those exposed to other anti-malarials or to the general population. Not all studies
reported ADRs to anti-malarial drugs, which rendered the current study depend on fewer studies to
assess the safety profiles of these drugs. A clinical trial of mefloquine in the treatment of
Plasmodium vivax malaria. Bibliometric analysis was utilized to measure the number of publications
from primary malaria research conducted in Malawi as a measure of scientific research activity. In
addition, there were no differences in terms of liver, renal, neurological, or cardiac toxicity and no
serious drug-related side effects were reported. Then they read the full text of those retained after the
first screening. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40:1777-178415909266 Google Scholar Crossref 88.
Antibiotics are not beneficial in the management of category III prostatitis: a meta-analysis. Urol J.
2014;11:1377. For the remaining 515 articles (3% of the total) the complete text was available, and
these were included in the analysis (Figure 1 ). Figure 1.
Malarone treatment failure not associated with previously described mutations in the cytochrome b
gene. Malar J. 2004;3:1415186499 Google Scholar Crossref 115. Similar inclusion and exclusion
criteria were used in this search. Results The LMM simulates the spread of malaria at a daily time
resolution, using daily mean temperature ( T ) and 10-day accumulated precipitation ( R ?10 d ).
Information was gathered on ownership of household assets, household net ownership, net use and
health of children under five years of age; blood smears and haemoglobin results were obtained for
children 6-30 months of age. Risk factors for human acute leptospirosis in northern Tanzania. The
higher laboratory survival is because under controlled conditions various natural factors are
eliminated. High seroprevalence of antibodies against spotted fever and scrub typhus bacteria in
patients with febrile Illness, Kenya. The actual efficacy of steroids, IV-Ig, and plasmapheresis is
currently under debate. On day 3 the treatment was switched to oral dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine
for another 3 days. Methods Publication databases were searched using key terms relevant to the
distribution chain serving all types of anti-malarial retailers. Vivax malaria therapy concerns In terms
of therapy, CQ and primaquine (PQ) are still the drugs of choice for the treatment of vivax malaria in
many endemic areas, Brazil included. Clin Sci (Lond). 1991;81:297-3041655329 Google Scholar
189. Only those articles written in English language were considered for this review. Only three
(2.5%) out of 118 journals publishing research on malaria in Malawi were from Africa and the
Malaria Journal, with 76 (15.7%) publications, published most of the research from Malawi, followed
by the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene with 57 (11.8%) in comparison to only 13
(2.7%) published in the local Malawi Medical Journal. Published studies focused on single districts
have made generalization of malaria epidemiology across the state problematic; however in
combination with analysis of Meghalaya State Malaria Control Programme surveillance they provide
a solid foundation for continued malaria prevention, control, and elimination efforts. Am J Trop Med
Hyg. 1991;45:86-911867351 Google Scholar 51. Time of biting and human behaviour may also have
an impact on the effectiveness of bed nets. Trop Geogr Med. 1995;47:179-1808560592 Google
Scholar 48. WHO African Region countries were further sub-divided into (a) central, east and
southern Africa with high transmission; (b) southern Africa with low transmission; and (c) west
Africa. Treatment-seeking rates in malaria endemic countries. Malar J. 2016;15(1):20.
pmid:26754795. New spatial analysis methods have been used taking into account the space itself as
a factor that contributes to malaria heterogeneity between households, communities or
neighborhoods, among other spatial units. Plasmodium falciparum hyperparasitaemia: use of
exchange transfusion in seven patients and a review of the literature. Q J Med. 1990;75:471-
4812201995 Google Scholar 161. Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax malaria in Serbo town,
Jimma zone, south-west Ethiopia. Malar J. 2009;8:177. Article. While mefloquine is not
recommended for malaria treatment during pregnancy, 201 several studies support its safety as
chemoprophylaxis during pregnancy. 202 - 206 After delivery, women should be treated with
primaquine as recommended for nonpregnant adult patients. If further assistance is needed in
managing patients with malaria, health care professionals can contact the CDC Malaria Hotline. In
any case, patients with vivax malaria referring abdominal pain should be investigated for this
complication as some patients may evolve with a bad prognosis if not properly managed by a
surgeon. Efficacy and safety of chloroquine for treatment in patients with uncomplicated
Plasmodium vivax infections in endemic countries. Summary of the search terms applied, to retrieve
the literature for our systematic review from different databases. (DOCX). As for ADEM, most of
the malaria infections preceding AIDP were acquired in India (12 cases, 46.4%), and Africa (11
cases, 29.2%). DCA generally followed P. Except for the mean value of a of Anopheles arabiensis all
the median and mean values of these vectors are consistently higher than 80% for these three vectors.
Severe psychiatric side effects observed during prophylaxis and treatment with mefloquine. J Infect
Dis. 1994;169:467-4708106787 Google Scholar Crossref 62. Estimating the incidence of typhoid
fever and other febrile illnesses in developing countries. Summary data was first plotted to depict
changes and trends over the time frame of interest. P. falciparum was found to be the dominant
cause of malaria in four districts (??90% or more of infections present in West Garo Hills, East Garo
Hills, South Garo Hills, and West Khasi Hills), whereas P. Vanijanonta S, Chantra A, Phophak N,
Chindanond D, Clemens R, Pukrittayakamee S. Two additional, small, randomized but not blinded
P. They considered as splenomegalic a patient with spleen size classified at least in the II or III grade
(Table 1 ). Collaboration in the approved studies was not established because only the institution of
the PI was indicated in the records. By 2018, a total of 285 districts in Indonesia successfully
achieved their target of eliminating malaria. Download citation Received: 06 September 2018
Accepted: 01 November 2018 Published: 06 November 2018 DOI: Share this article Anyone you
share the following link with will be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a shareable
link is not currently available for this article. Due to the extensiveness of the study, it is split into two
parts. Atovaquone and proguanil for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Lancet. 1996;347:1511-
15148684102 Google Scholar Crossref 106. While reduction in malaria case incidence and related
deaths is clear, the changes in malaria transmission and clinical manifestation have not been
characterized. This will be in the same style as our popular Nutrition Poster, Malaria Poster and
Diarrhoea Poster. Despite the need of more pathogenesis studies with the infected placenta,
ultrasound studies in order to search for prognostic markers are urgently needed. Trans R Soc Trop
Med Hyg. 1993;87:6878296378 Google Scholar Crossref 145. Download citation Received: 08
March 2017 Accepted: 28 June 2017 Published: 03 July 2017 DOI: Share this article Anyone you
share the following link with will be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a shareable
link is not currently available for this article. Association of Rift Valley fever virus infection with
miscarriage in Sudanese women: a cross-sectional study. Second, mark-ups were somewhat higher in
rural outlets compared to urban ones. Quinine-induced blindness reversed by an increase in alpha1-
acid glycoprotein level. The present formulation of the LMM actually misses various aspects of
malaria. Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax malaria in Debre Zeit, Ethiopia. Malar J.
2008;7:220. Article. This investigation suggested that a high proportion of treatment success of
different anti-malarial drugs was seen in Ethiopia with an overall treatment success rate of 92.9%.
However, the effectiveness varies between the species and the different anti-malarial drugs and most
of the studies focused on AL and CQ for the management of P. Prevalence of Lassa Virus Disease
(LVD) in Nigerian children with fever or fever and convulsions in an endemic area. Thybo S, Gjorup
I, Ronn AM, Meyrowitsch D, Bygberg IC. The main complaints of recipients were nausea and
itching. Sinusoidal lymphocytosis may be revealed by histologic examination of liver biopsy, but it is
not specific. Inclusion and exclusion criteria Primary malaria research conducted in Malawi was
included in the review, and multi-country primary research that involved collection of primary data
from Malawi. Table 3 Affiliations of first and senior authors in Malawi Full size table. The constant
of proportionality is the so-called rainfall laying multiplier ( R.