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File IO

The document discusses various methods for reading and writing files in Python. It explains how to open a file, read the entire file as a string, read line by line, read character by character, read word by word, read numbers, write to a file, and append to a file. Key functions covered include open(), read(), readline(), write(), split(), and int() for file input/output operations in Python.

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almulla7x
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41 views15 pages

File IO

The document discusses various methods for reading and writing files in Python. It explains how to open a file, read the entire file as a string, read line by line, read character by character, read word by word, read numbers, write to a file, and append to a file. Key functions covered include open(), read(), readline(), write(), split(), and int() for file input/output operations in Python.

Uploaded by

almulla7x
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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File I/O

open
• Open is a function that reads a file and returns a file Object

Open(file,mode,…)

Open(‘file1.txt’) #is the same as


Open(‘file1.txt’,’r’) #open file to read from

a = open(‘file1.txt’,’r’) # a is a file object


read & readline
read([size])
Read and return at most size characters from the stream as a single str.
If size is None, reads until EOF.

readline([size])
Read until newline or EOF and return a single str. If the stream is
already at EOF, an empty string is returned.
If size is specified, at most size characters will be read.
Return entire file as a string
#get entire file in one shot
f = open("read1.py",’r')
data = f.read() #returns a string of entire file with \n for each line
print("length: ",len(data))
print(data)
Read line by line from file
#get line by line
# open() returns a file object to read2.py for reading text
f = open("read2.py",'r')
counter = 1
for line in f: #loop over the file object and get line by line

print(counter , line)
counter += 1
‘’’note the output when run. Each line has a space?
why? \n in the line and the print function prints then new
line ‘’’
Read line by line from file, another way
‘’’alternative way; note there is no blank lines between each line like in
previous code ‘’’
f = open("read2.py",'r')
#returns a string of entire file split into lines with \n
listOfLines = f.read().split('\n')
print(listOfLines)
counter = 1
‘’’loop over the list of lines and get line by line; Note each line does
not end with \n ‘’’

for line in listOfLines:


print(counter,line)
counter += 1
Yet another line by line using while loop
#get line by line
f = open("read3.py",'r')
# readline for line with 4 blanks returns 4blanks followed by \n
currentLine = f.readline()
counter=0
#readline for emptyLine returns \n
while currentLine != ’': # readline when reaches eof returns '' empty string
counter += 1
print(counter , currentLine)
currentLine = f.readline()
print('Goodbye')
Getting char by char from input file
#read whole file then return char by char and print each char
file = open('ReadCharByChar2.py','r')
x = file.read()
for char in x:
print(char)
print('Goodbye')
Getting word by word
#get each word
f = open("read2.py",'r')
counter=1
for line in f: #loop over the file object and get line by line
for word in line.split(): #split line into list of words
print(counter , word)
counter += 1
Reading numbers
#get each number
f = open("numbers.txt",'r')
sum = 0
for line in f: #loop over the file object and get line by line
for num in line.split(): #split line into a list words/numbers
print(num)
sum += int(num) #type cast string to int
print(sum)

‘’’ Data file


1 3
4 5 6
2 1 ‘’’
Printing to a file, write
objectOutFile = open('a1.txt','w') # create new else delete then write
for x in range(10):
print(x)
objectOutFile.write(str(x)+'\n') #write only string; no numbers
objectOutFile.close()
Printing to a file, append
objectOutFile = open('a1.txt',’a') #add to file
for x in range(10):
print(x)
objectOutFile.write(str(x)+'\n') #write only string; no numbers
objectOutFile.close()
'''
#get entire file in one shot
f=open('data1.txt','r') #returns a _io.TextIOWrapper
data = f.read() #returns a string of entire file
print(data)

#read char by char,


f=open('homework2v2.py','r')
string=f.read() #returns the whole file as a string
for char in string:
print(char)

#read line by line, method2


f=open('data1.txt','r')
line = f.readline()
while line != '':
print(line)
line = f.readline()

#read word by word


f=open('homework2v2.py','r') #returns a _io.TextIOWrapper
print(type(f))
for line in f:
for word in line.split():
print(word)

#read number by number


f=open('numbers.txt','r') #returns a _io.TextIOWrapper
print(type(f))
sumTotal=0
for line in f:
sumRow=0
for number in line.split():
print(number,end=' ')
sumTotal += int(number)
sumRow += int(number)
print()
print('Sum Row: ',sumRow)
print('sum=',sumTotal)
'''
objectOutFile = open('a1.txt','w') # create new else delete then write
for x in range(10):
print(x)
objectOutFile.write(str(x)+'\n') #write only string; no numbers
objectOutFile.close()

objectOutFile = open('a1.txt','a') # create new else add to end then write


for x in range(10):
print(x)
objectOutFile.write(str(x)+'\n') #write only string; no numbers
objectOutFile.close()
#get each number
f = open("numbers.txt",'r')
sum=0
for line in f: #loop over the file object and get line by line
sumPerLine = 0
for num in line.split(): #split line into a list words/numbers
#print(num)
sumPerLine += int(num) #type cast string to int
sum += int(num)
print('Sum per line',sumPerLine)
print('Total sum',sum)

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