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Projectile Ni Noel

This experiment investigated how launch angle and force of ejection impact the trajectory of a projectile. The results showed that increasing the launch angle led to higher initial speed and longer flight duration, with the maximum range achieved at 45 degrees. However, the data may not be entirely reliable due to potential sources of error. Further research is needed to confirm the findings and better understand the relationship between launch parameters and projectile motion.

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Noel Vagilidad
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33 views6 pages

Projectile Ni Noel

This experiment investigated how launch angle and force of ejection impact the trajectory of a projectile. The results showed that increasing the launch angle led to higher initial speed and longer flight duration, with the maximum range achieved at 45 degrees. However, the data may not be entirely reliable due to potential sources of error. Further research is needed to confirm the findings and better understand the relationship between launch parameters and projectile motion.

Uploaded by

Noel Vagilidad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Group #3 Date Performed: March 03, 2023

Members: Score:
Noel Brylle D. Vagilidad
Experiment #1
PROJECTILE MOTION

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate how launch angle and force of
ejection impact the trajectory of a projectile. To do so, we used a projectile launcher,
time of flight accessory, and Xplorer GLX data logger to launch a plastic ball at various
angles and measure its speed and distance traveled. Starting at 15 degrees, we
increased the launch angle in increments up to 75 degrees and recorded the initial
speed and time of flight for each launch. Our findings indicated that increasing the
launch angle resulted in a higher initial speed and longer duration of flight for the
projectile. Using equations to calculate horizontal distance, we were able to determine
the angle that provided the greatest range. This experiment provided valuable insight
into the physics of projectile motion and may have practical applications for
organizations using catapults or other launch mechanisms.

I. OBJECTIVES

1. To find how the range of a projectile depends on the angle at which it is


launched. 2. To determine the angle that gives the greatest range.

II. MATERIALS USED

• Xplorer GLX
• Projectile Launcher
• Plastic Balls
• Photogate Port
• Photogate Head
• Photogate Mounting Bracket
• Time of Flight Accessory
• Universal Table Clamp

III. PROCEDURE
1. Set up the materials and the Xplorer GLX
2. Make sure the plastic ball will land at the same level as the muzzle of the
launcher.
3. Put the plastic ball into the projectile launcher. Cock the launcher to the short
range position.
4. Test fire the ball at an angle of 15° to locate where the ball lands.
5. Reload the ball into the projectile launcher, and cock the launcher to the
shortrange position.
6. Press Play Button of the GLX to start recording data.
7. Shoot the ball on the short-range position. After the ball hits the Time-of-
Flight pad, press Play Button of the GLX to stop data recording. Record the
initial speed and time of flight.
8. Compute horizontal distance, R1 using the equation, 𝑅1 =𝑣0𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃𝑡𝑇.

9. Compute horizontal distance, R2, using the equation 𝑅2 = 𝑣 2


0𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 2𝜃 .

10. Compute percentage difference of the two values.


11. Increase the angle by 15° and repeat steps 3 to 10. Repeat for angles up to
and including 75°.
12. Determine the angle that gives the greatest range.

IV. ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

As the angle of a projectile increases, its initial speed and flight duration also
increase. However, the data may not be entirely reliable due to high error rates
and other factors that could impact the trajectory of the projectile. Further
research is needed to confirm these findings and better understand the
relationship between angle, initial speed, and flight duration.

DATA AND RESULTS


Angle Initial Time of Percentage
speed, Vo flight, tT Range difference
(Degrees)
(m/s) (m)

R1
R2

15 4.36 1.023 1.041 0.979 5.32%

30 4.263 1.580 1.601 1.642 -5.172%

45 4.287 1.904 1.841 1.878 7.520%

60 4.24 1.682 1.625 1.604 5.686%

75 4.227 0.876 0.929 0.917 4.92%

Angle with maximum range = 45 degrees

V. COMPUTATIONS

Sample Computation for 45°.


Raw data: V0:
1st Trial = 1.27
2nd trial = 1.32
3rd trial = 1.27
Ave = 4.287

t: 1st trial = 0.628


2nd trial = 0.628
3rd trial = 0.628
Ave.= 0.628

R1 = V0 cosθt
= (4.287)cos 45°(0.628)
= 1. 904

R2 = V0 ²sin2θ/9.8
= (4.287)²sin(90)/9.8
=1.875

% Difference = [R1-R2/R1+R2/2)%100
= [1.904-1.875/1.904+1.875/2]%100
= 4.320%
Questions and Applications

1. Derive the equation R = 𝒗𝒐


𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐𝛉
𝒈
First: time of flight wherein (Total Time of Flight tmax =
𝟐𝒗𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝛉
𝒈
).
Then the range is = maximum x, wherein maximum x is t = total time of flight
x = (v0 cos θ)t

making it xmax =

but 2cosθsinθ = sin2θ

which resulted to xmax = R

Are there any two angles which will give the same range? If so,
what are
they? If not, why not?

2. Yes, because this can be observed by looking at the table. The angles that
share or will have the equivalent extent are 30 degrees and 60 degrees,
15 degrees and 75 degrees, and also 40 degrees and 50 degrees
because they complement each other. When you sum these angles, they
add up to 90 degrees, indicating that their extents are the same or nearly
identical to their respective complementing angles.
3. Plot a graph of launch angle vs. range. What is the best launch angle for
maximum range?

Chart Title
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1 2 3 4 5

R1 R2

Best launch is 45o which 1m and 1.2m.

VI. Conclusion

It can be concluded that the experiment successfully investigated the impact


of launch angle and force of ejection on the trajectory of a projectile. The results
showed that increasing the launch angle led to higher initial speed and longer
duration of flight. The experiment also determined the angle that provided the
greatest range using equations to calculate horizontal distance. These findings could be
useful for organizations using catapults or other launch mechanisms. However, further
research is needed to confirm the findings and address potential sources of error in the
data.

VII. Factors Affecting Results

Inaccurate calculations and trial-and-error approach could lead to human error in


determining the trajectory and landing site of the projectile, resulting in wasted
time and decreased efficiency.
Equipment error is another factor that could impact the accuracy of the results,
such as failure to properly calibrate the tools or equipment jamming during the
experiment. These errors could be minimized through careful preparation and
testing of the equipment before conducting the experiment.

Other Factors that could affect the results of this experiment include the
consistency of the force of ejection, the angle of the launcher, and potential
variations in the mass of the plastic ball. Additionally, external factors such as air
resistance and wind could have influenced the trajectory of the projectile. To
improve the reliability of future experiments, it may be beneficial to use more
precise and consistent equipment, control for environmental factors, and
increase the number of trials conducted.

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