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Lecture 2 - Problem Solving

This document discusses problem solving strategies. It defines problem solving as identifying a problem, developing solutions, and taking action. It also defines routine and non-routine problems. Routine problems have immediate solutions using basic math operations, while non-routine problems require creativity. The document outlines George Polya's four-step approach to problem solving: understand the problem, devise a plan, carry out the plan, and review the solution. It provides an example of a routine word problem involving baskets of mangoes.

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Angela Gamayon
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7 views

Lecture 2 - Problem Solving

This document discusses problem solving strategies. It defines problem solving as identifying a problem, developing solutions, and taking action. It also defines routine and non-routine problems. Routine problems have immediate solutions using basic math operations, while non-routine problems require creativity. The document outlines George Polya's four-step approach to problem solving: understand the problem, devise a plan, carry out the plan, and review the solution. It provides an example of a routine word problem involving baskets of mangoes.

Uploaded by

Angela Gamayon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem Solving - try to solve a similar but simpler

problem.
Problem – a word problem in math is a math
Carry Out The Plan – Work carefully.
question written as one sentence or more than
requires children to apply their math knowledge to - Keep accurate and neat records of all
a ‘real-life’ scenario. This means that children your attempts.
must be familiar with the vocabulary associated
- Realize that some of your initial plans
with the mathematical symbols they are used to, in
will not work and that you may have to devise
order to make sense of the word problem.
another plan or modify your existing plan.
Review the Solution – Ensure that the solution is
consistent with the facts of the problem.
- Interpret the solution in the context of the
problem.

Solving – to find an answer to a problem or to


Routine Problem
solve mystery/puzzle. The verb solve is often used It is a type of problem with an immediate
in mathematics, and it means to answer a math solution.
problem.
It involves at least one of the four
Problem Solving – is the process of identifying a arithmetic operations to solve the problem.
problem, developing possible solution paths, and
talking the appropriate course of action. Examples

George Polya – father of modern mathematical There are 312 baskets of mangoes. Each
problem-solving, did extensive studies and wrote basket has 4 mangoes. How many mangoes are
numerous mathematical papers and three books there in all?
about problem solving. A. Understand
He is Hungarian American Mathematician. 1. Read and understand the problem.
1914 – 1940 2. Know what is asked for in the problem.
a. The total number of mangoes.
3. Find the necessary information.
a. The given are: 312 baskets; 4
mangoes in each basket.
B. Plan

Understand The Problem – can you restate the Determine the operation to be used.
problem in your own words? - Multiplication
- Can you determine what is known about Write the number sentence.
these types of problems?
- 312 x 4 = N
Devise the Plan - Make a lists of known
information. C. Solve
- Draw a diagram or illustrayion. Solve using the operation. You can use any
method you are comfortable with.
- work backwards.
- 312 x 4 = 1248
D. Check
See if your answer make sense. State the
complete answer.
- There are 1, 248 mangoes in
all.

Non-Routine Problem
Any complex problem that requires a
degree of creativity and originality to solve the
problem.
Oftentimes, Non-routine problems can be
solved in multiple ways.

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