Literature Review On Abortion in Kenya

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Title: Navigating the Complexity of Writing a Literature Review on Abortion in Kenya

Embarking on a literature review journey can be both daunting and challenging, especially when
delving into sensitive topics like abortion in a specific context such as Kenya. Crafting a
comprehensive and insightful literature review requires not only extensive research but also a deep
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contributes meaningfully to the existing body of knowledge presents its own set of challenges. It
requires critical thinking skills to evaluate the reliability and validity of sources, identify gaps in
research, and propose insightful interpretations.

In the case of examining abortion in Kenya, cultural, legal, and ethical nuances further complicate the
task. Understanding the socio-political landscape, prevailing attitudes towards reproductive rights,
and the impact of governmental policies is essential to provide a nuanced perspective.

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For the first time, it includes sub-classifications within the unsafe abortion category as less safe or
least safe. In other communities, single mothers are isolated from the rest of the community and
stigmatized. The main contributors that push women to procure unsafe abortions are: Read also
Illuminati churches in Kenya: Things to condsider Restrictive laws that do not allow safe abortion
Unavailability of safe abortion services - In most rural areas, women do not have access to safe
abortion. Next, the doctor inserts a tube into the patient’s womb and applies gentle suction, hereby
ending the pregnancy. In Great Britain laws on abortion began to be included in legislation and dealt
with in government courts with the creation of Lord Ellenborough’s Act in 1803. The clinic however
had been closed by police. In 1970 Ms. McCorvey’s attorneys, Linda Coffee and Sarah Weddington,
filed a suit with Ms. McCorvey under the alias Jane Roe against the Dallas County District Attorney
Henry Wade. Nine states have also enacted laws that require the woman to make to separate trips to
the clinic to obtain the procedure (2012). Teaming up with the Planned Parenthood Federation of
American (who previously had been against abortion and geared more towards contraceptives) the
ACLU rapidly gained support with members of the feminist movement. Roe v. Wade was and is a
controversial court case that eventually made its way to the Supreme Court where it was decided
January 22, 1973 with a seven-to-two majority in favor of Roe. The Gallup Organization, who
interview over one thousand individuals per day to compile their polling data, has since 1996 polled
individuals on the question of whether they consider themselves Pro-Choice or Pro-Life on the topic
of abortion. However, we think that Marie Stopes’ management team should also be tried for
violating the country’s laws. No limit was placed on time of publication as this varied by study
depending on when abortion has been legalised. Changes in morbidity and Abortion Care in Ethiopia
after Legal Reform: National Results from 2008 and 2014. The Creative Commons Public Domain
Dedication waiver ( ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. You
can download the paper by clicking the button above. The full data extraction table, complete with
key study characteristics such as study type, methods, purpose and main findings, is listed in
Additional file. Three doctors had been needed to certify that an abortion was necessary to save the
life of the mother. On the first visit, the woman is usually given mifepristone, an oral medicine that
blocks progesterone, a hormone which is critically needed for the pregnancy to continue. Induced
Abortion: a systematic review and induced Abortion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. How
do the United States policies on abortion compare and differ from those of Great 4. To prevent
unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions, countries must make supportive policies and financial
commitments to provide comprehensive sexuality education; a wide range of contraceptive methods,
including emergency contraception; accurate family planning counselling; and access to safe, legal
abortion. One of the broad themes emerging review in this study is the great stigma that is attached
to abortion, in particular if the pregnancy is the result of premarital sex. Most of the procedures have
taken place in unsafe conditions, either outside of medical facilities or without the assistance of
trained professionals. Previous experiences of mistreatment, such as shaming and general hostility by
health workers or hearing of other women’s experiences of mistreatment, was a strong deterrent to
seeking a legal abortion. According to The Penal Code, Laws of Kenya, Cap. 63, Revised Edition
2009 (2008), Articles 158-160, 228 and 240, the following laws surround the legality of abortion in
Kenya: Article 158. The song’s message, which is evident in its title, is that abortion is an act that
should be shunned upon. Despite these shortcomings, we believe this review represents a meaningful
contribution to the existing knowledge of why women keep taking the risk of undertaking informal
abortion practices even when legal options are available. The original determination in Roe was that
abortions should be dealt with, by the states, on a case by case basis and on the trimester time frame.
It is a safe, non-evasive alternative to surgical abortion. In 1929 when the Infant Life (Preservation)
Act 1929 was passed it criminalized the intentional killing of a child who had been capable of being
born alive. Any person who, when a woman is about to be delivered of a child, prevents the child
from being born alive by any act or omission of such a nature that, if the child had been born alive
and had then died, he would be deemed to have unlawfully killed the child, is guilty of a felony and
is liable to imprisonment for life.
In case of heavy bleeding, the patient is normally advised to seek immediate medical attention. The
publication dates of the included studies ranged from 1998 to 2018, although the majority were
published after 2010. A review of the included studies highlighted the important role that women’s
social network played in shaping her journey to procuring an informal sector abortion. Social Science
and Medicine, (153), 2016;(February). Some themes such as the issue of long waiting lists and
regulations were found to be largely country specific. Kenya has not carried out a death sentence
since 1987. Articles that did not give away enough information through their titles on the relevance
of their content were reserved for step two, where abstracts were assessed. To prevent unintended
pregnancies and unsafe abortions, countries must make supportive policies and financial
commitments to provide comprehensive sexuality education; a wide range of contraceptive methods,
including emergency contraception; accurate family planning counselling; and access to safe, legal
abortion. In some communities, furthermore, this is considered a taboo. The report finds that there
are sweeping shortages of healthcare professionals and specialists across India, poor public health
infrastructure and healthcare funding exacerbated by unsound privatisation policies, and significant
data gaps for doctor availability. This, therefore, means that the number could be higher. A
systematic review of the qualitative literature on informal sector abortions in settings where abortion
is legal. A number of gaps were identified in the literature, which may represent areas for future
research on the subject. In many contexts where abortion is legal, providers may be unwilling to
provide abortion for personal, religious and cultural reasons. Other key domestic and international
stakeholders can take action now to support the following measures. The health facilities were
sampled using a stratified random sampling strategy. The main reason for this, the board claims, was
because of complaints from the public who were angered at the fact that Marie Stopes allegedly
performed abortions on underage girls, and also because Marie Stopes allegedly administered
contraceptives to underage girls without the knowledge of the girls’ parents. Thousands of women in
Kenya are treated each year for complications after unsafe abortions - a survey last year put the
figure in 2012 at 120,000. Later on, the Kenya Medical Practitioners and Dentists Board banned
Marie Stopes from carrying out abortions in Kenya. Ladies who take Mifepristone are advised to
avoid alcohol after taking the drug. This number translates to seven women a day succumbing to
unsafe abortion complications. For the first time, it includes sub-classifications within the unsafe
abortion category as less safe or least safe. The reasons for abortion vary from age group to the next.
Ten key reasons for women opting to have an informal sector abortion, emerged in the form of
themes from the literature surveyed, ranging from privacy, attitude of healthcare staff, to costs
involved and timeliness of the intervention (Table 2 ). For those with moderate complications, the
price is 2,353 shillings, while for those with severe complications; the price is 5,653 Kenyan shillings.
Induced Abortion: a systematic review and induced Abortion: a systematic review and meta-
analysis. In case abortion does not occur within four hours of taking the prostaglandin, the woman
might need another dose of the medicine, either as a tablet or as a pessary. Although the procedure
had a low rate of use, representing 0.17% of all abortions performed in the United States in the year
2000, is has developed into a major talking point of the abortion debate (Finer, Henshaw, 2003).
Delays in seeking care and reporting to the provider that they interfered with the continuation of
their pregnancy were highly associated with the severity of complications. Thirteen of the sixteen
studies included recruited participants who had specified either having undergone or attempted an
informal sector abortion either by recruiting women who presented at hospitals with post abortion
complications or recruiting women via snowball sampling, surveys and informal sector abortion
organisations such as Women on Web.
By 1900 every state in the Union had some form of abortion legislation (Cole, Frankowski 1987).
Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review to be conducted on the
qualitative evidence around the reasons why women who live in settings where abortion is legal end
up having informal sector abortions, using predominantly unsafe and ineffective methods. There are
three main types of abortion: Safe, unsafe, and threatened abortion. It is also used to reduce blood
loss by mothers during childbirth. These mandates require that women who are seeking an abortion
wait a specific period of time, normally twenty-four hours, during which time she receives
counseling before the procedure is performed. The full data extraction table, complete with key study
characteristics such as study type, methods, purpose and main findings, is listed in Additional file. A
report released last year by the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights found unsafe
abortions caused up to 50 percent of maternal deaths in Kenya. This suggests that there is potential to
address the issue of ISA through education and awareness raising campaigns aimed at communities
where abortion is legal. This was compounded by the fact that most abortion clinics require two or
more appointments to administer the pills and follow up for complications. The Act did require
additionally that the abortion had to be certified necessary by two physicians before it was
performed. Abortion legislation in the United States began development during the early 1820’s
when Connecticut became the first state to put into practice statues that made abortion illegal.
Findings were reported following the PRISMA guidelines. The Act covered abortion for any of the
following grounds: to save a woman’s life, to prevent grave permanent injury to the mother’s mental
or physical health, before 28 weeks gestation to avoid injuring the physical or mental health of the
mother or existing child(ren), or if the child was likely to be extremely mentally or physically
handicapped (2002). Previous experiences of mistreatment, such as shaming and general hostility by
health workers or hearing of other women’s experiences of mistreatment, was a strong deterrent to
seeking a legal abortion. The Guttmacher Institute is registered as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization
under the tax identification number 13-2890727. They were asked four questions to determine
gender, whether their identified themselves as Pro-Choice or Pro-Life, whether they believed
government should be involved in women’s reproductive issues and if they were affiliated with a
specific political party. It is a safe, non-evasive alternative to surgical abortion. Intact dilation and
extraction (IDX), more commonly known as “partial-birth” abortions have also been challenged by
eighteen states that now prohibit this practice which involves reducing the diameter of the fetal head
to allow vaginal passage. At home oral abortifacients included misoprostol and mifepristone, the
standard for a medical abortion and less effective and more dangerous methods such as overdosing
on vitamin c and taking herbal concoctions. But Tali said Ms Atieno had sought help after a botched
abortion elsewhere. These regions also have some of the lowest abortion rates. This information
reflects the recent upturn in the numbers of the Gallup Poll and although these numbers cannot be
conclusive on the general trends of the United States at large, it does indicate, in association with the
Gallup Poll, a general rise in the number of individuals who identify themselves as Pro-Life. Unsafe
abortion: This is the termination of pregnancy by people who lack the necessary skills, or in an
environment lacking minimal standards, or both. It terminates pregnancy by stopping the
progesterone hormone from working. Bars represent individuals and their answers to questions
presented by the author. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the
Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. The total average cost of treating a patient
suffering from the complications that arise from unsafe abortions is 4,943 Kenyan shillings. Such
encounters, we believe, can breed tolerance, compassion and growth. The district court ruled in Ms.
McCorvey’s favor citing the following: “On the merits, plaintiffs argue as their principal contention
that the Texas Abortion Laws must be declared unconstitutional because they deprive single women
and married couple of their rights secured by the Ninth Amendment to choose whether to have
children. We agree.” (Roe v. Wade, 1973) Roe v. Wade was appealed and did reach the Supreme
Court in 1970. The expansion of PAC services in the country as a whole should also continue,
through training of midlevel providers, offering services at lower-level health facilities and ensuring
that facilities are adequately stocked with drugs and supplies.
Installeer Google Chrome of update uw browser voor meer internetveiligheid en een beter weergave.
Abortion facilities that did not protect women’s anonymity were deemed to be unsafe. Results The
review highlights the diverse reasons women turn to the informal sector, as abortions outside of legal
health facilities were reported to be a widespread and normalised practice in countries where legal
abortion is provided. The report found that Rwandan police unjustly harass, arrest, prosecute and
imprison hundreds of women and girls on abortion or infanticide-related charges each year and calls
on the Rwandan government to take steps to address this ongoing human rights violation. At the
same time however they were also the first state that included a “therapeutic exception” that allowed
for abortions to protect the life of the mother (1987). Women wishing to terminate and an unwanted
pregnancy may wish to do so in a legal, formal health facility or in the informal sector either through
self-inducing or visiting one of many informal sector providers, such as traditional birth attendants.
READ ALSO: Kenyan doctors ban Marie Stopes from conducting any abortion in the country
SOURCE: pexels.com Source: UGC 4. What are the methods used for abortion. For example, the
significance of women’s’ social networks in influencing their abortion trajectories was an important
point raised in this review. The abortion debate is one that has been going on for a while, not only in
Kenya but also worldwide. Thirteen of the sixteen studies included recruited participants who had
specified either having undergone or attempted an informal sector abortion either by recruiting
women who presented at hospitals with post abortion complications or recruiting women via
snowball sampling, surveys and informal sector abortion organisations such as Women on Web. The
clinic however had been closed by police. In 1970 Ms. McCorvey’s attorneys, Linda Coffee and
Sarah Weddington, filed a suit with Ms. McCorvey under the alias Jane Roe against the Dallas
County District Attorney Henry Wade. They were asked four questions to determine gender,
whether their identified themselves as Pro-Choice or Pro-Life, whether they believed government
should be involved in women’s reproductive issues and if they were affiliated with a specific
political party. Women who had sought to self-induce their abortion described a preference for their
more private and familiar surroundings of their home. The district court ruled in Ms. McCorvey’s
favor citing the following: “On the merits, plaintiffs argue as their principal contention that the Texas
Abortion Laws must be declared unconstitutional because they deprive single women and married
couple of their rights secured by the Ninth Amendment to choose whether to have children. We
agree.” (Roe v. Wade, 1973) Roe v. Wade was appealed and did reach the Supreme Court in 1970.
Read also What happens if a US president refuses to concede an election. In case of heavy bleeding,
the patient is normally advised to seek immediate medical attention. In case there is any tissue still
left in the womb, it will be removed by suction with vacuum aspiration as detailed above. A study of
health facilities in three districts of Tanzania found that on the day of the survey, only 24% of
facilities had manual vacuum aspiration kits in stock, and only one of the five hospitals surveyed had
both misoprostol and the kits, which can be used for the treatment of incomplete abortion. 24. At
home oral abortifacients included misoprostol and mifepristone, the standard for a medical abortion
and less effective and more dangerous methods such as overdosing on vitamin c and taking herbal
concoctions. Deaths from complications of unsafe abortion were high in regions where most
abortions happened in the least safe circumstances. Whether you’ve been turned off by religion in the
past, have a question about one of the world’s religions or are simply looking for content we no
longer have, we hope you’ll stay and see what Patheos has to offer. Contributions are tax deductible
to the fullest extent allowable. This allowed for abortion up to full term for disability and life and
health of the mother. Methods We used the PRISMA guidelines to search Pubmed, Web of Science,
Sciencedirect and Google Scholar databases between January and February 2018. 2794 documents
in English and French were screened for eligibility against pre-determined inclusion and exclusion
criteria. To prevent unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions, countries must make supportive
policies and financial commitments to provide comprehensive sexuality education; a wide range of
contraceptive methods, including emergency contraception; accurate family planning counselling;
and access to safe, legal abortion. But Tali said Ms Atieno had sought help after a botched abortion
elsewhere. The Act covered abortion for any of the following grounds: to save a woman’s life, to
prevent grave permanent injury to the mother’s mental or physical health, before 28 weeks gestation
to avoid injuring the physical or mental health of the mother or existing child(ren), or if the child was
likely to be extremely mentally or physically handicapped (2002). When abortions are performed in
accordance with WHO guidelines and standards, the risk of severe complications or death is
negligible. Women who have had bacterial or viral infections during pregnancy Women who have
experienced trauma to their abdomen Women of an advanced maternal age (women over 35 years of
age) Those suffering from obesity Those who have uncontrolled diabetes Those who have had
exposure to certain chemicals or medication To avoid threatened abortion or miscarriage, one should
do the following: Avoid alcohol, cigarettes, and illegal drugs. Please include what you were doing
when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page.
In the year 2012, 433 million Kenyan shillings were used to reduce complications due to unsafe
abortion practices. The reasons for this were clearly stated at the beginning of the article. She also
advises on planning, monitoring and evaluation in several Rutgers programmes. This was
compounded by the fact that most abortion clinics require two or more appointments to administer
the pills and follow up for complications. Three studies focussed on members of the community who
had either were ISA providers or had friends or family who had experienced an ISA (Additional file
2 ). Witnesses told the high court that Jackson Namunya Tali had agreed to help the woman,
Christine Atieno, who wanted to terminate her early pregnancy. In the first, titles were assessed
against the inclusion and exclusion criteria by one of the authors (SC), allowing for the rapid
elimination of ineligible articles. The same year, the country recorded an approximate 500,000 unsafe
abortions. A significant proportion of unsafe abortions in the informal sector could have been averted
if women’s’ social network had been excluded from the decision making process. The use of medical
abortion pills for self-induction, as a harm reduction programme is another area of interest
highlighted in this study. For those with moderate complications, the price is 2,353 shillings, while
for those with severe complications; the price is 5,653 Kenyan shillings. Still out of these 500,000, a
quarter of the women succumbed to the complications. In 1929 when the Infant Life (Preservation)
Act 1929 was passed it criminalized the intentional killing of a child who had been capable of being
born alive. A number of gaps were identified in the literature, which may represent areas for future
research on the subject. The findings have already contributed to increased awareness and publicity
on the issue in both countries amongst journalists, young activists, midwives, and doctors. During
the second visit, the woman is given prostaglandin. The drug is not sold over the counter by
pharmacies in the Central Business District in Nairobi, but it can be found in River Road pharmacies
for about 150 Kenyan shillings a pill. A few limitations should be considered when interpreting the
findings from this review. For example, the significance of women’s’ social networks in influencing
their abortion trajectories was an important point raised in this review. After taking this drug, the
woman may experience vaginal bleeding. A further five studies were identified through searching the
reference lists of relevant articles, resulting in a total of 16 studies being included in the final
synthesis (Fig. 2 ). Fig. 2 PRISMA Flow diagram of the study search Full size image Study
characteristics A total of 16 studies, spanning twelve countries, were included in the qualitative
synthesis. Thirteen of the sixteen studies included recruited participants who had specified either
having undergone or attempted an informal sector abortion either by recruiting women who
presented at hospitals with post abortion complications or recruiting women via snowball sampling,
surveys and informal sector abortion organisations such as Women on Web. The report concludes
that increasing access to contraceptives and other reproductive health services is key to preventing
unsafe abortions. One in four married women and one in three unmarried women of reproductive
age have an unmet need for contraception, and this proportion has changed little since 1999. 11 In
2010, the level of unmet need was even higher among women who had low economic status, were
less educated or resided in rural areas. However, what we all ask ourselves when it comes to this
topic is, “Is it ethical to legalize abortion?” Let us delve deeper into this debate, mainly using
abortion in Kenya as a case study. By 1900 every state in the Union had some form of abortion
legislation (Cole, Frankowski 1987). The following are the laws talking about abortion in Kenya:
According to the Constitution of Kenya (2010), Article 26(4): Article 26(4). All in all, it is safe to
say that the debate on abortion in the country is one that will probably never come to an end.
Judging from its official regulation of the practice, Northern Ireland for example, may be considered
a country with relatively little abortion restrictions, particularly considering the exceptions to protect
woman’s mental health; however, women’s access to abortion services is in practice severely limited
in the country. Although all of the women had sought out an informal sector abortion they were well
aware of the medical risks that this form of abortion carried.
Together we were able to delve deeper into the data with them which brought out additional
information that we would have missed without them,” says Ramatou. Apart from that, there is very
little that can be done to reduce the cases of unsafe abortion in the country. In cooperation with the
Kenyan Ministry of Health, the study was conducted in a large representative sample of 328 public
and private health facilities across the nation, along with a survey of 124 health care professionals
who are knowledgeable about issues of access to abortion care. In the first, titles were assessed
against the inclusion and exclusion criteria by one of the authors (SC), allowing for the rapid
elimination of ineligible articles. The rest of the states do allow individuals to purchase abortion
coverage under their private insurance plans. Kenya has not carried out a death sentence since 1987.
It is a safe, non-evasive alternative to surgical abortion. Previous experiences of mistreatment, such
as shaming and general hostility by health workers or hearing of other women’s experiences of
mistreatment, was a strong deterrent to seeking a legal abortion. Earlier this year, WHO and the
Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs launched a
new, open-access database of laws, policies and health standards on abortion in countries worldwide.
Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world. The potential
consequences of confidentiality breaches for women undergoing abortion are severe. Witnesses told
the high court that Jackson Namunya Tali had agreed to help the woman, Christine Atieno, who
wanted to terminate her early pregnancy. The abortion debate is one that has been going on for a
while, not only in Kenya but also worldwide. Bourne which dealt with and abortion performed on a
girl who had been raped, also allowed for abortion coverage to avoid mental and physical trauma to
the mother. How do people in the general public of the United States feel about government
involvement in women’s reproductive rights, specifically relating to abortion. The case dealt with a
woman by the name of Norma L. In this distinction as the categories move up, the grounds on which
abortion is permitted become less restrictive. For those with moderate complications, the price is
2,353 shillings, while for those with severe complications; the price is 5,653 Kenyan shillings.
Language barriers were another restriction of our search, as only English and French articles were
included, potentially introducing a language bias. The report focuses on access to abortion services in
the country and specifically explores the feasibility of setting up Medical Boards for abortion. After
all this, what all Kenyans want to know is, “What is the stand on abortion in Kenya?” Read also 10
most beautiful Iranian women you should definitely know about Abortion laws in Kenya SOURCE:
canva.com (modified by author) Source: Original Abortion is illegal in Kenya, and that is what
everyone should know before going on with this article. The report found that Rwandan police
unjustly harass, arrest, prosecute and imprison hundreds of women and girls on abortion or
infanticide-related charges each year and calls on the Rwandan government to take steps to address
this ongoing human rights violation. Some health workers were also unwilling to provide abortions
or make a referral, thereby forcing women to turn to the informal sector. Women ’ s experiences
seeking informal sector abortion services in Cape Town, South Africa: a descriptive study. However,
one thing is as clear as day: women need to take control of their reproductive health to ensure that
the need for abortion is averted. A systematic review of the research evidence on cross-country
features of illegal abortions. Complications from “least-safe” abortions can include incomplete
abortion (failure to remove all of the pregnancy tissue from the uterus), haemorrhage, vaginal,
cervical and uterine injury, and infections. In both countries when we invited health care workers,
young peer educators and journalists to talk about our findings midwives, doctors, journalists, health
care workers shared their personal commitments to reduce the vulnerability of girls and women to
unsafe abortion based on the study findings and recommendations.”. Please download one of these
browsers for the best experience on freep.com Google Chrome Mozilla Firefox Opera Microsoft
Edge Safari. About 10-15 abortions are procured at the Kenyatta National Hospital every day, and
this is done on referral.
Read also How to register a church in Kenya SOURCE: who.int Source: UGC Out of these unsafe
abortion cases, 86% of these women sought Post Abortion Care (PAC). However, between 2004 and
2010, the use of a modern contraceptive method has increased among both married women (from
20% to 26%) and sexually active unmarried women (from 36% to 44%). 11 Nonetheless, the
demand for family planning remains high in Tanzania. The motive behind procuring an abortion is
also different depending on literacy levels among different women. Induced Abortion: a systematic
review and induced Abortion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. On the first visit, the woman
is usually given mifepristone, an oral medicine that blocks progesterone, a hormone which is critically
needed for the pregnancy to continue. This allowed for abortion up to full term for disability and
life and health of the mother. A review of the included studies highlighted the important role that
women’s social network played in shaping her journey to procuring an informal sector abortion. It is
a safe, non-evasive alternative to surgical abortion. The provision of PAC services, including
contraceptive counseling, is an important strategy for preventing future unintended pregnancy and
mitigating the effects of unsafe abortion, and can greatly reduce maternal mortality. Pain in the
abdomen - The patient may experience abdominal pain that is likened to strong period pains. Yet the
majority of abortion-related deaths are preventable, as are the unintended pregnancies associated
with abortion. We exist to help provide information, stories and conversation that leads to
understanding, empathy and acceptance of all faiths. Approximately 55% of all abortions from 2010
to 2014 were conducted safely, which means they were performed by a trained health worker using
a WHO-recommended method appropriate to the pregnancy duration. No national abortion
incidence data are available in Tanzania, however, estimates for regions of Africa indicate that unsafe
abortion is common and represents the majority of induced abortions. 4 In Eastern Africa, which
includes Tanzania, the estimated number of unsafe induced abortions was 2. 4 million in 2008, or 36
unsafe abortions per 1,000 women of reproductive age (Table 1) 5 —the highest regional unsafe
abortion rate in Africa. Worldwide, an estimated one-third of the 8.5 million women who have
complications from unsafe abortion do not seek care in health facilities. 13. This literature review
provides information about the different legislation currently in place that affects women’s
reproductive rights. READ ALSO: Parents have a role to play in stopping early pregnancies among
teenagers The abortion debate in Kenya: The state of the country As I stated earlier, Marie Stopes, an
international organization that provides reproductive health facilities (among them abortion services)
to over 37 countries in the world, was banned from conducting abortions in Kenya. ISAs were
reported in low-income as well as high-income countries; long waiting lists, costs, and lack of
awareness about the legality of abortion appeared to be the dominant concern in the former
countries, while privacy concerns and lack of insurance coverage were quoted in some high-income
studies. Here are the main causes of abortion: Unwanted pregnancy is the biggest reason for abortion.
Other key domestic and international stakeholders can take action now to support the following
measures. When abortions are performed in accordance with WHO guidelines and standards, the risk
of severe complications or death is negligible. Teaming up with the Planned Parenthood Federation of
American (who previously had been against abortion and geared more towards contraceptives) the
ACLU rapidly gained support with members of the feminist movement. Roe v. Wade was and is a
controversial court case that eventually made its way to the Supreme Court where it was decided
January 22, 1973 with a seven-to-two majority in favor of Roe. Some health workers were also
unwilling to provide abortions or make a referral, thereby forcing women to turn to the informal
sector. A significant proportion of unsafe abortions in the informal sector could have been averted if
women’s’ social network had been excluded from the decision making process. Long waiting lists
were cited as a factor by three studies, two of which are from South Africa, suggesting that is a
persistent issue in South Africa. Finally, relevant information was extracted and analysed by the two
authors. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Women who chose to pursue
informal sector abortion because of issues of privacy felt that the need to conceal their abortion and
protect their social security outweighed their physical safety needs. READ ALSO: Breakdown of
alarming teenage pregnancy rates in Kenya per county SOURCE: pixabay.com Source: UGC
Abortion in Kenya: A statistical overview A study by the African Population and Health Research
Centre (APHRC) in conjunction with the Ministry of Health (MoH) in Kenya uncovered the
following details about abortion in Kenya. There are three main types of abortion: Safe, unsafe, and
threatened abortion.

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