Scribd
Upload
64 views1 page

Joints Chart

Joints are connections between bones that allow movement. They are enclosed in a capsule lined with synovial membrane that secretes synovial fluid to lubricate and nourish the joint. There are six main types of joints classified by their shape and movement: ball and socket, hinge, plane, condyloid, saddle, and pivot joints. Each type has characteristic bone surfaces, axes of rotation, and movements. Examples are provided for each type.

Uploaded by

bkpad026
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
64 views1 page

Joints Chart

Joints are connections between bones that allow movement. They are enclosed in a capsule lined with synovial membrane that secretes synovial fluid to lubricate and nourish the joint. There are six main types of joints classified by their shape and movement: ball and socket, hinge, plane, condyloid, saddle, and pivot joints. Each type has characteristic bone surfaces, axes of rotation, and movements. Examples are provided for each type.

Uploaded by

bkpad026
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 1

JOINTS

 Enclosed in a tough, fibrous ligament called capsule or bursa


 Ends of the articulating surfaces of bones are covered by
hyaline cartilage (to avoid friction)
 Separated by synovial cavity - lined by smooth, thin synovial
membrane (contains fat cells - fat pads - cushions to the joint)
 Secretes synovial fluid - clear, yellowish, slimy and viscous
fluid (viscosity due to hyaluronic acid) containing mucus,
albumin, fat and mineral salts & phagocytes. (Deficiency –
Arthrosclerosis; Function – Lubrication, avoid friction,
nourishment to hyaline cartilage)
 Joints are provided with capsular ligaments and numerous
accessory ligaments. Accessory ligaments may be intra or
extra capsular. (Funcn – Avoid dislocn, make joint stonger)

Name Ball & Socket Hinge Plane/ Condyloid/ Saddle Pivotal/ Rotatory
Gliding Ellipsoid
Articuln Globular head Pulley shaped More or less Oval into Reciprocal Central bony pivot
surface/ fitting into cup Spoon shaped Flat surfaces, complimentary concave- fitting in a ring
bones shaped socket surface fits into slide over concavity (both convex
concave cavity each other oval) (saddle shape)
Axis of Multi-axial Uniaxial Non-axial Biaxial Biaxial Uniaxial (vertical
Rotn Common centre Transverse axis axis)
Move- Rotatory 180° Irregular Forward-Back Like In one oane
ment movements Side to side condyloid but
(360°) No Rotation more freedom
Special Prone for easy Strong collateral Convex Modified condyloid Surrounded by
feature dislocation or ligaments surfaces to Most flexible osteo-ligamentous
separation on Resists dislocn avoid friction Significance in human evoln ring
sudden strain Grasping power and skillful work
E.g.  Shoulder joint  Elbow joint  Intercarpal  Radio-carpal Thumb (first Atlanto-axial joint
(Head of (Olecranon process of joints joint metacarpal (odontoid process/
humerus fits into radio-ulna in cavity of  Intercarpal  Metacarpo- and trapezium dens of axis fits in
glenoid cavity of humerus) joints phalangeal joints carpel) anterior chamber
(Ulna works as hinges,
scapula) or neural canal of
so only forward
 Hip joint (Head mvmnt.) atlas) for NO
of femur fits into  Knee joint (femur movement
acetabulum and tibia) (Patella
cavity of pelvic works as hinges, so
girdle) only backward
mvmnt.)
 Mandible-Maxilla
 Atlas-occiital
condyle (YES
movmnt.)

You might also like