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    Problem 3 - Hóa Lý Hóa Keo

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    thu.tran2301
    1. The boiling points of pure liquids A and B are 100°C and 40°C respectively. 2. For a system of A and B at constant pressure, liquid-vapour equilibrium occurs between 40-100°C, with the vapour phase richer in the more volatile component B. 3. A system Q1 of 0.7 kg A and 0.3 kg B at 30°C exists in the liquid phase with compositions of 70% B and 30% A. Heating this system will cause vaporization and separation of the components.

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    Problem 3 - Hóa Lý Hóa Keo

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    thu.tran2301
    21 views4 pages
    1. The boiling points of pure liquids A and B are 100°C and 40°C respectively. 2. For a system of A and B at constant pressure, liquid-vapour equilibrium occurs between 40-100°C, with the vapour phase richer in the more volatile component B. 3. A system Q1 of 0.7 kg A and 0.3 kg B at 30°C exists in the liquid phase with compositions of 70% B and 30% A. Heating this system will cause vaporization and separation of the components.

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    Problem 3_Hóa lý hóa keo

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    1. The boiling points of pure liquids A and B are 100°C and 40°C respectively. 2. For a system of A and B at constant pressure, liquid-vapour equilibrium occurs between 40-100°C, with the vapour phase richer in the more volatile component B. 3. A system Q1 of 0.7 kg A and 0.3 kg B at 30°C exists in the liquid phase with compositions of 70% B and 30% A. Heating this system will cause vaporization and separation of the components.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views4 pages

    Problem 3 - Hóa Lý Hóa Keo

    Uploaded by

    thu.tran2301
    1. The boiling points of pure liquids A and B are 100°C and 40°C respectively. 2. For a system of A and B at constant pressure, liquid-vapour equilibrium occurs between 40-100°C, with the vapour phase richer in the more volatile component B. 3. A system Q1 of 0.7 kg A and 0.3 kg B at 30°C exists in the liquid phase with compositions of 70% B and 30% A. Heating this system will cause vaporization and separation of the components.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Problem 3: Given the liquid – vapour phase diagram of a 2 component system below.

    Under the
    constant pressure specified for this diagram,
    1. Determine the boiling points of pure liquid A and pure liquid B
    2. Comment about values of temperature for liquid-vapour phase equilibrium of all systems
    (A+B).
    3. Mixing 0.7 kg A with 0.3 kg B at 30oC to get system Q1, mark system Q1 onto the given
    phase diagram and state its characteristics. Determine the compositions of phases in
    system Q1 (if system Q1 is heterogeneous).
    4. Describe the process heating system Q1.
    5. Describe the process cooling system Q in the given phase diagram. Identify (mark) the
    point representing this system at 60oC, denote it as Q60.
    6. Mark the points representing phases in system Q60 and determine their composition. If the
    system Q weight is 50 kg, calculate the weights of phases inside system Q60.
    7. Comment on the possibility to separate 2 components A and B from their solution by
    fractional distillation.
    Suggest an experimental plan to construct a liquid – vapour phase diagram of systems containing
    2 components A and B at atmospheric pressure.

    120 P const
    Q
    100
    T, C

    80
    o

    60

    40

    A0 20 40 60 80 100
    B
    %B

    SOLUTION:

    1. Determine the boiling points of pure liquid A and pure liquid B


    As can be seen from the diagram:
    - The boiling point of pure liquid A is 100℃
    - The boiling point of pure liquid B is 40℃
    2. Comment about values of temperature for liquid-vapour phase equilibrium of all systems
    (A+B).
    For a given constant pressure, the temperature range for liquid-vapour phase equilibrium for all
    systems ( A+B) is between the boiling points for pure liquid A and pure liquid B. Any
    composition within this range will exist in both the liquid and vapour phase at equilibrium.
    The region between the two curves is the vapour and liquid region, the upper curve called as dew
    point curve which gives the vapour phase composition while the bottom curve called as bubble
    point curve which gives the liquid phase composition.

    As can be seen from the phase diagram:


    - Each solution (AB) boils in the temperature range 40℃ - 100℃
    - Component B is more volatile than component A
    - Each vapour phase contains more component B than the corresponding liquid phase
    - Composition of the liquid phase inside Q varies from:
    + XB = 0.03 to 0.2
    + XA = 0.8 to 0.97
    - Composition of the vapour phase inside system Q varies from:
    - + XB = 0.2 to 0.7
    - + XA = 0.3 to 0.8
    3. Mixing 0.7 kg A with 0.3 kg B at 30oC to get system Q1, mark system Q1 onto the given
    phase diagram and state its characteristics. Determine the compositions of phases in
    system Q1 (if system Q1 is heterogeneous).

    As can be seen from the graph, we illustrate the temperature of 30℃, by the red horizontal line
    and the red vertical line is the mass fraction of B is 70% because mass of B is 0.7kg in total 1kg
    in Q system
    The region between two curves is the vapour-liquid phase whereas the upper curve is the vapour
    region and the bottom curve is the liquid region.
    When the temperature is 30℃, we can see in the diagram that system is in liquid phase.
    𝑚𝑙𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑑 = 1 𝑘𝑔
    In the liquid system at 30℃, we have the mass fraction of B is 70% and the mass fraction of A is
    30%
    70 30
    𝑚𝐵 = 1 × 100 = 0.7𝑘𝑔 , 𝑚𝐵 = 1 × 100 = 0.3𝑘𝑔
    4. Describe the process heating system Q1.

    Heating system Q1 would cause the liquid – vapour mixture to vaporize, resulting in a vapour
    phase of composition between pure A and pure B, depending on the temperature of the system.
    By collecting the vapour and condensing it back to a liquid, we can separate the components of
    the mixture.
    We heat the system to the point c which is at approximately 45℃ , the bubble point temperature
    will be reached and we can observe that:
    - At that point, the composition between the two curves will start to separate into two
    phases : liquid and vapour at the same time
    We heat the system to the point d which is at 60℃, the dew point temperature will be reached and
    we can observe that:
    - The composition between the two curves will give a high percentage of B in the vapor
    phase and a low percentage of A in the vapor phase ( the mass fraction of B is 70% and the mass
    fraction of A is 30%).
    We continue to heat the system to point e ( the same temperature as system Q) which is at 110℃,
    we can observe that the percentage of B will start to decrease in the vapor phase due to the
    vaporization of more liquid B at high temperatures.
    After point e, both components are in the vapor phase ( the composition of 70% B and 30% A will
    be retained, only phase changed.

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