CONFIDENTIAL 1 CS/JUL 2020/QMT181/212/216/STA104

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FINAL ASSESSMENT

COURSE : INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS/BUSINESS

STATISTICS
COURSE CODE : QMT181/212/216/STA104
TAKE HOME TEST : JULY 2020
TIME : 3 HOURS 10 MINUTES

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

1. This question paper consists of six (6) questions.

2. Answer ALL question in English.

3. Please check to make sure that this test pack consists of:

a) the Question Paper

b) a three – page Appendix 1

4. Please write your answer on your own papers using pen.

5. Student must ensure that their test papers are readable. Ensure that your answers are written
clearly with your name, group and student ID are provided.

6. Student must prepare their answer on pdf format and submit via Google Classroom.

7. Keep close track of your allocated time. Due to internet connectivity, students are given no
more than 20 minutes (12.10-12.30pm) to submit their works electronically.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This test paper consists of 9 printed pages

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CONFIDENTIAL 2 CS/JUL 2020/QMT181/212/216/STA104

QUESTION 1

a) A list of all 200 customer’s identification number who entered shopping mall was
obtained during Movement Control Order (MCO) due to COVID-19 pandemic in the
country. This will be helped on investigation of some study due to the case. A
researcher interested to take randomly 20 of the customers. Some questions will be
asked to them to make sure the information complete.

i. Explain on how random sample can be applied using systematic sampling.

(4 marks)

ii. Why sampling of the customers is preferred compared to investigation of all

200 customers?
(2 marks)

iii. Imagine you are the researcher. What are the two (2) questions that constitute
to the variables are suitable to be asked to the customers? Give the scale of
measurement for each of them.
(4 marks)

b) Give the suitable scale of measurement for each variable below:

i. Level of educations for a candidate to be fill in a form before entering to the

next stage of interview.
ii. List of car registration numbers from the year 2000 to 2019.
iii. The internet speed in Town A.
iv. The number of calories taken each day for a diabetic patient.
v. Design of front door of house available in catalogue from company ABC for
buyer to choose.
(5 marks)

QUESTION 2

a) The information of the components of Malaysia’s exports for the year 2019 is as follow.

Components Export (RM in billion)

Agricultural Goods 64.86
Mining Goods 80.37
Manufactured Goods 834.15
Others 6.99

Construct a pie chart to represent the above information and give your comment.
(5 marks)

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CONFIDENTIAL 3 CS/JUL 2020/QMT181/212/216/STA104

b) Table below shows the frequency distribution of the number of orders received each
day during the past 50 days at ABC Mail company.

Number of Orders Number of Days

10-12 4

13-15 12

16-18 20

19-21 14

i. Calculate the mean and standard deviation for the above data.
(5 marks)

ii. Calculate the median for the above data.

(2 marks)

iii. Use appropriate measure to determine the skewness of the data.

(2 marks)

iv. Determine the shape of the distribution.

(1 mark)

QUESTION 3

a) Below are the results of the time in years that employee spent at a company and the
employee’s hourly salary for seven employees.

∑ XY = 1814 ∑ X = 53 ∑ X 2
= 499 ∑Y = 220 ∑Y 2
= 7218

i. Calculate the value of Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation and explain its
meaning.
(5 marks)

ii. What is the percentage of the variation in employee’s hourly salary can be
explained by an employee spent at a company?
(2 marks)

b) The table below shows the height (in inches) and the pulse rate (in beats per minutes)
for 8 female students.

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CONFIDENTIAL 4 CS/JUL 2020/QMT181/212/216/STA104

Student 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Height 65 69 70 72 60 55 58 72

Pulse rate 64 72 70 75 58 52 53 76

i. Determine the explanatory variable and the response variable for the above
data.
(2 marks)

ii. Obtain the regression equation using the least squares method. Explain the
meaning of the slope obtained.
(7 marks)

iii. Estimate the pulse rate for a female student who had 68 inches of height. Is
this an accurate prediction? Why?
(4 marks)

QUESTION 4

A vendor sells a variety of vegetables at the Central market, Town ABC. Below are the weekly
prices and quantities sold in 2013, 2016, and 2019.

Vegetables Price (RM/kg) Quantity (kg)

2013 2016 2019 2013 2016 2019

Cucumber 5.50 6.00 7.00 28 32 36

Cabbage 4.20 4.80 5.20 35 40 43

Spinach 3.00 4.50 4.80 49 56 60

a) Calculate the relative price index for Spinach in 2019 using 2013 as the base year and
explain your answer.
(3 marks)

b) Calculate the simple aggregate quantity index for 2019 using 2013 as the base year.
(3 marks)

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CONFIDENTIAL 5 CS/JUL 2020/QMT181/212/216/STA104

c) Using 2016 as the base year, calculate the Laspeyres price index for 2019 and explain
your answer.
(4 marks)

d) Using 2016 as the base year, calculate the Paasche quantity index for 2019 and
explain your answer.
(5 marks)

QUESTION 5

Table below is about quarterly production (in ‘000) speedometer brand XPM in factory from
year 2015 to 2019.

Year QUARTER
I II III IV
2015 - 450 408 665

2016 481 401 657 545

2017 467 518 422 607

2018 543 668 614 498

2019 491 431 482 406

a) Plot the actual value on the graph paper.

(3 marks)

b) Determine the trend values using moving average method (correct to three decimal
places).
(5 marks)

c) Plot the trend value obtained in (b) into graph part (a).
(1 mark)

d) Determine the seasonal index.

(5 marks)

e) Interpret the fourth quarter of seasonal index.

(2 marks)

f) Forecast the first quarter of year 2020 production of speedometer.

(4 marks)
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QUESTION 6

a) Wahab intends to buy either local car or foreign car. The probability that he will buy a
local car is 0.75. From the previous experiences of his family members, he found that
if he preferred to buy a local car the probability that the car will break down is 0.65,
while if he preferred to buy foreign car the probability that the car will break down is
0.45.
i. Construct a tree diagram for the above situation.
(3 marks)

ii. Find the probability that he preferred less problem car.

(2 marks)

iii. Compute the probability that he preferred local car given that he selected less
problem car.
(3 marks)

b) How many different arrangement of the letters in TAPAH can be formed if

i. There is no restriction.
(2 marks)

ii. The consonant must be together.

(2 marks)

c) Given 𝑝𝑝(𝐴𝐴) = 0.4, 𝑝𝑝(𝐵𝐵) = 0.2 and 𝑝𝑝(𝐵𝐵|𝐴𝐴) = 0.3, find:

i. 𝑝𝑝(𝐴𝐴 ∩ 𝐵𝐵)
(2 marks)

ii. Are A and B mutually exclusive events?

(1 mark)

END OF QUESTION PAPER

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CONFIDENTIAL APPENDIX 1 (1) CS/JUL 2020/QMT181/212/216/STA104

FORMULA LIST

Sample Measurements

Mean, x =
∑x or ∑ fx
n n

∑f 
 − ∑ f m −1 
x = Lm +  2
Median, ~ ×C
 fm 
 
 

 ∆ 
Mode, xˆ = Lmo +  1
 × C
 1 ∆2 
∆ +

Standard deviation,

1
[∑ ] 1  ( x )2 
∑ x 2 − ∑
s= (x − x)2 or
n −1 n -1  n 
 

1
[∑ f ( x − x ) ]
2 1 
∑ fx −
2
(∑ fx ) 
2


s= or
n −1 n -1  n 
 

s
Coefficient of Variation, C.V . = × 100
x

Mean − Mode 3(Mean - Median)

Pearson’s Measure of Skewness = or
Standard Deviation Standard Deviation

where

n : total frequency
Lm : lower median class boundary
Lmo : lower modal class boundary
∑fm-1 : cumulative frequencies for the classes before the median class
fm : median class frequency
∆1 : (modal class frequency) – (frequency for the class before the modal class)
∆2 : (modal class frequency) – (frequency for the class after the modal class)
C : class size

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CONFIDENTIAL APPENDIX 1 (2) CS/JUL 2020/QMT181/212/216/STA104

Correlation and Regression

1. Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient

(∑ X )(∑ Y )
n∑ XY − (∑ X )(∑ Y ) ∑ XY − n
r= or
[n∑ X 2
][
− (∑ X ) n∑ Y 2 − (∑ Y )
2 2
] ( X )  
∑ X − ∑
 2
(∑ Y ) 2


2

n 
∑ Y −
n
2


 

2. The least-squares regression line of Y against X , Y= a + Bx

(∑ X )(∑ Y )
i) n∑ XY − (∑ X )(∑ Y ) ∑ XY − n
b= or
n∑ X − (∑ X ) (∑ X )2
2 2

∑X 2
−
n

ii) a = Y - bX or
∑Y − b ∑ X
n n

Index Numbers

=
1. Laspeyres’ price index
∑ ( p q ) ×100 t o

∑( p q ) o o

2. =
Paasche’s price index
∑ ( p q ) ×100 t t

∑( p q ) o t

3. =
Simple aggregate price index
∑ p ×100 t

∑p o

4. Weighted aggregate price= index

∑ p w ×100 t

∑p w o

Where

p0 : price of the base year

pt : price of the current year
q0 : quantity of the base year
qt : quantity of the current year
w : weights

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CONFIDENTIAL APPENDIX 1 (3) CS/JUL 2020/QMT181/212/216/STA104

Probability Theory

1. Conditional Probability

P( A ∩ B )
P(A B ) =
P (B )

2. Multiplicative Rule

( )
a) P( A ∩ B ) = P(B ) ⋅ P A B
b) P( A ∩ B ) = P( A) ⋅ P(B ) if and only if A and B are independent events

3. Bayes Theorem

P( A) ⋅ P (B A)
P(A B ) =
( ) (
P( A) ⋅ P (B A) + P A ' ⋅ P B A ' )

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