Journal of Positive School Psychology http://journalppw.

com
2022, Vol. 6, No. 3, 6664–6669

IoT Based Accident Detection and Rescue System

M Pavan Manikanta Mamatha Samson Malaka Akash

Ece, Griet Ece, Griet Ece, Griet
Hyderabad, India Hyderabad, India Hyderabad, India
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Arnab Chakrabortty T Rohit

Ece, Griet Ece, Griet
Hyderabad, India Hyderabad, India
[email protected] [email protected]

Abstract
The rapid-fire rise in technology and structure has made our lives easier. The high demand for
motorcars has also increased the business hazards and road accidents. Life of the people is under
high threat. The detention in reaching the ambulance to the accident position and the business
traffic in between the accident position and sanatorium increases the chances of death of the victim.
To overcome this problem our automatic ambulance deliverance system comes to the deliverance.
This proposed IOT grounded accident discovery system helps to reduce the loss of life due to
accidents, and it also cuts down on the time it takes for the ambulance to arrive sanatorium. To
descry the accident there's an accelerometer detector present in this deliverance system and the Wi-
Fi module included sends information about the position to the separate guardian and deliverance
platoon. With the help of the accelerometer detector signal, a severe accident due to a handicap can
be honored. The microcontroller used sends the alert communication through the Wi-Fi module
including the position to guardian or a deliverance platoon. So, the exigency help platoon can
forthwith trace the position through the GPS module, after entering the accident position
information, action can be taken incontinently. This accelerometer grounded accident discovery
system is powered by at mega 328 microcontroller it consists of a display, accelerometer detector,
Wi-Fi module, and alarm. This automatic ambulance deliverance system design is useful in
detecting accidents.
Index Terms— Accident detection, Rescue system, GSM, Internet of Things (IoT), RF signal,
Vehicular ADHOC Network (VANET), Sensor Systems.
end of 2020, the technology will have reached
Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION
possibilities thanks to the Internet of Things.
Everything will be based on the Internet of Things
(IoT), which is a network of physical items that can be Consumers, on the other hand, have the power to
connected and exchange messages without the need for integrate and manage devices for a more customized
human contact. Because it has been employed in a experience. Manufacturers have a significant impact on
variety of mediums such as Home Automation System, how their goods are utilized and performed in the real
IOT home security model, raspberry pi, home world, and they are also economically
automation, and smart water metering, it has been developed. We can clean the dustbin utilizing IOT in this
formally classified as an "Infrastructure of Information article. Because accidents are one of the leading causes of
community." Thus, by installing electronic hardware death in emerging cities, it is critical to have an accident
such as sensors, ARDUINO software, and networking detection and monitoring system in place. Ultrasonic
gear, a physical object can be given an IP address to sensors will be used in this system.
facilitate data transmission through an IoT system. This paper presents how to reduce/avoid accidents using
Internet differs from IoT in that it goes beyond Internet IoT devices. This is accomplished by placing IoT sensors
connectivity by allowing any object with embedded in high-risk zones that detect traffic and collect
circuits to communicate with one another using existing information from the surrounding, a sensor placed on the
Internet infrastructure. Since the scope of IOT has risen road identifies a car that is overspeeding, any other
exponentially, everything will be based on, IOT by the abnormalities determine the car's position and interacts
© 2022 JPPW. All rights reserved
M Pavan Manikanta , et. al. 6665

with the car's IoT device, alerting the driver. In the event By A. Shaik et al., 2019.[4] The system is based on IoT,
of an accident, the gadget alerts the appropriate which helps in detecting vehicle accidents and alerts them
authorities for rapid assistance. immediately. This is done by using smart sensors with a
The remainder of this work is arranged in the following microcontroller installed in the car itself. Other modules
manner. The second section looks at some of the relevant like GSM and GPS are used to locate the person.
studies on this topic. Section III introduces the
recommended technique. The system design and By Shivani Sharma et al., 2019.
architecture are presented in Section IV. In Section V,
the results and findings are discussed. Section Ⅵ Ⅲ. PROPOSED SYSTEM
presents the acknowledgment. Finally, Section Ⅶ
presents the concluding remarks and future direction of We are coming up with an integrated system that helps to
this research. detect
Ⅱ. LITERATURE SURVEY any mishappening like accidents, fire outbreaks and also
develop a rescue system. The system with the help of smart
[1].As the population is increasing at an exponential sensors senses the data and messages are sent with the help
level this simultaneously increases the vehicle of IoT.
requirements. Considering the VANET, transferring the RF communication is also available for no network areas.
emergency message becomes a major challenge of The alert
packet losses. The paper discusses Intelligent message is sent to a dedicated health center and fire station
Transportation System (ITS), IoT and also tried to to
develop emergency issues by using 5G technology. rescue the person. The GSM and GPS modules are used to
locate the vehicle.
By M U Ghazi et al., 2020.
[2].Road accidents cause major fatalities in this world
because of a lack of on-time support. The proposed
system uses the GSM and GPS module, this is properly
complemented with an RF module at traffic signals for
the minimum time delay. The dedicated vibration sensors
are used to detect any mishappening. In case of any
incident, the ambulance receives a message and the
traffic signals are controlled by RF communication. This
helps the patient to get treated as soon as possible.
By R. N. Nayan Kumar et al., 2019.
[3] The paper gives an idea about the feasibility of
installing a vehicle with the technology that detects
accidents and immediately signals the emergency
personnel. IoT can be used to alert the police, family,
ambulance. And further, the GPS location is known and Fig 1.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF HARDWARE
treatment is done. EMBEDDED SYSTEM
detecting the abnormalities to sending the distress signals
to the smartphone through a database server which gets its
data through a micro-controller and wifi module.

Ⅳ. SYSTEM DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE

System Hardware & Functioning:
The Central Processing Unit(In brief, a processor) might
be a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a DSP (Digital
Signal Processor). A low-cost processor is referred to as a
microcontroller. Its key selling point is that it will have
several additional components like memory, a serial
Fig 1.1 PROPOSED SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE connection interface, and an analog-to-digital converter on
Fig 1.1 visualizes the entire framework of the proposed the chip itself. As a result, a microcontroller is the best
system’s working, from sensors in the vehicular unit solution for tiny applications since the number of external
© 2022 JPPW. All rights reserved
6666 Journal of Positive School Psychology

components required is minimal. Microprocessors, on the

other hand, are more powerful, but they require a lot of
extra components. D5P is mostly utilized in applications System Components:
that entail signal processing, such as audio and video
processing.
Memory Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read-Only
Memory (ROM) are two types of memory (ROM). If the
chip's power is turned off, the contents of the RAM are
deleted, however, the contents of the ROM are retained
even if the power is turned off. As a result, the firmware is
kept in the ROM. When the power is turned on, the CPU
reads the ROM and executes the software.

Input devices: Unlike desktop computers, an embedded

system's input devices have relatively restricted
capabilities. Because there will be no keyboard or mouse,
connecting with the embedded system will be difficult.
Many embedded systems will include a tiny keypad where Fig 1.3 Hardware Components & Sensors
you may deliver a specific command by pressing one key.
Only the digits may be entered using a keypad. Many Microcontroller: ARDUINO board that is based on the
embedded systems used in process control lack an input ATmega328 microcontroller (datasheet). It features 14
device for human interaction; instead, they collect input digital input/ affair legs (six of which can be used as
from sensors or transducers and generate electrical signals PWM labors), a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a USB
that are then sent to other systems. connection, a power jack, an ICSP title, and a reset button
It comes with everything you need to get started with the
Output devices of the Embedded systems have fairly microcontroller, simply plugs it into a computer via USB
restricted capabilities as well. A few Light Emitting or power it with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery. The
Diodes (LEDs) will be included in certain embedded Uno is unique among all previous boards in that it does
systems to display the health condition of system not have the FIDI USB-to-periodical motorist chip rather,
components or to visually signal alerts. Some critical it uses an Atmega16U2 (or an Atmega8U2 up to
parameters may also be displayed on a tiny Liquid Crystal interpretation R2) as a USB-to-periodic motor.
Display (LCD)... Modification 2 of the Uno board has a resistor pulling the
8U2 HWB line to base, making it easier to put into DFU
Communication interfaces: The embedded systems may mode: Modification 3 of the board has the following new
need to, interact with other embedded systems at they may features, allowing the securities to acclimate to the
have to transmit data to a desktop. To facilitate this, the voltage supplied by the board. Securities will be
embedded systems are provided with one or a few compatible in the future with both AVR-based boards that
communication interfaces such as RS232, RS422, RS485, run at 5V and ARDUINO Due boards that operate at 3.3
Universal Serial Bus (USB), IEEE 1394, Ethernet, etc. V. The alternate bone is a non-connected limb that will be
used in the future.

A piezoelectric sensor is a device that converts pressure,

acceleration, temperature, strain, or force into an electric
charge via the piezoelectric effect.

A flame sensor is a type of detector that is primarily used

to detect and respond to the existence of a fire or flame.
The flame is recognized at 433 MHz beneath this range
the flame isn't detected. When the flame is identified the
alert is sounded and the recognition message is sent to the
flame station.

Temperature Sensor: DHT11 is a low-cost digital sensor

for sensing temperature and humidity.

© 2022 JPPW. All rights reserved

M Pavan Manikanta , et. al. 6667

This sensor can be easily interfaced with any Vehicle Unit:

microcontroller such as ARDUINO, Raspberry Pi, etc. to
measure humidity and temperature instantaneously.

MEMS is a chip-based technology, MEMS is an

acronym for Micro-Electro-Mechanical System. A
suspended mass is sandwiched between two capacitive
plates in sensors. When the sensor is tilted, the hanging
mass causes an electric potential difference. The
difference is measured as a change in capacitance, Also
known as TILT SENSOR. These are a group of biases,
and their magnitude and design mode can be used to
characterize them. Factors ranging from 1-100
micrometers can be used to create these detectors. These
biases can range from simple structures to extremely
delicate electromechanical systems with numerous
moving parts controlled by in-house micro- electronics.

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) also called TV is

veritably helpful in furnishing stoner interface as well as
for remedying purposes. Utmost of us would have come
across these displays in our day-to-day life, either at Fig 1.4 Transmitter module
PCOs or calculators. The most generally used Character
grounded LCDs are grounded on Hitachi's HD44780 Road Side Unit:
regulator or others that are compatible with HD44580.
The most generally used LCDs plant in the request
moment is 1 Line, 2 Line, or 4 Line LCDs which have
only 1 regulator and support at the utmost of 80
characters, whereas LCDs supporting further than 80
characters make use of 2 HD44780 regulators.

Ⅴ. RESULT

This project shows how to use IoT to create an automatic

automobile accident detection and alerting system. This
concept is a system that can identify accidents in a short
amount of time and communicate the information to a
first-aid facility. This project is simple to use and
dependable. The automotive industry will benefit greatly
from the proposed strategy. Data logging and analysis
will be used in the future to monitor traffic conditions in
various places. This approach gives the best answer to
substandard emergency services supplied to road
accident victims in the most efficient manner feasible. Fig 1.5 Receiver module
This project presents the automatic vehicle accident
identification and alerting system using IoT

© 2022 JPPW. All rights reserved

6668 Journal of Positive School Psychology

on Android devices, the Mobile Telnet was

created.

Ⅵ. ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Many people helped us, directly and indirectly, to

complete our project successfully. We would like to take
this opportunity to thank one and all. Firstly, we would
like to express our deep gratitude towards my internal
guide Mamatha Samson, Professor, Department of ECE
Table Ⅰ System Test for her support in the completion of my dissertation. We
wish to express our sincere thanks to Dr. V Hima Bindu,
HOD, Dept of ECE, and our principal Dr. J Praveen for
providing the facilities to complete the dissertation. We
would like to thank all our faculty and friends for their
help and constructive criticism during the project period.

Ⅶ. CONCLUSION & FUTURE

The number of casualties associated with road collisions

is growing rapidly. If victims are rescued in due time,
several lives may be saved. We discussed various
strategies which focused not only on accident detection
but also on its prevention. These strategies utilized
various sensors such as accelerometer sensors, shock
sensors, pressure sensors, etc., and various machine
learning techniques such as neural networks, support
Table Ⅱ Comparison between Existing System and vector machines, representation learning, etc. for accident
Proposed System detection. Various strategies for accident prevention were
also addressed, which include detection of a drunk and
Mobile app: drowsy driver, regulating vehicle speed, maintaining a
safe distance from obstacles, etc. Once the accident is
detected, the collisions, identifying precise accident
locations and facilitating overall rescue operations. The
integration of these systems with vehicles would be
somehow expensive yet will give information is
communicated to emergency services to provide timely
aid. Such systems provide many advantages such as
mitigating road various advantages. However, the systems
we discussed were all reliant on some kind of hardware or
software-based technology and there is a possibility that
those sensors or devices can themselves be destroyed in
the accident and can generate erroneous readings and
results. So such frameworks are required which are less
reliant on some kind of hardware or software.

➢ This is a free Android Telnet app that is based on REFERENCES

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© 2022 JPPW. All rights reserved
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