DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

Unit 1: Introduction to RDBMS

1. Which of the following are steps in query processing?

a) Parsing and translation
b) Optimization
c) Evaluation
d) All of the mentioned

2. A relational algebra operation annotated with instructions on how to evaluate it is called _______
a) Evaluation algebra
b) Evaluation plan
c) Evaluation primitive
d) Evaluation engine

3. A sequence of primitive operations that can be used to evaluate a query are called as __________
a) Query evaluation algebra
b) Query evaluation plan
c) Query evaluation primitive
d) Query evaluation engine

4. The lowest level operator to access data in query processing is _______

a) File scan
b) File manipulation
c) File handling
d) File organization

5. Search algorithms that use an index are referred to as _________

a) Index scans
b) Search scans
c) Primary scans
d) Equality scans

6. Sorting of relations that do not fit in memory is called as _______

a) Internal sorting
b) External sorting
c) Overflow sorting
d) Overload sorting

7. A selection of the form satisfying the intersection of all records satisfying individual simple conditions
is
a) Conjunctive selection
b) Disjunctive selection
c) Negation

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Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

d) None of the mentioned

8. A selection of the form satisfying the union of all records satisfying individual simple conditions is
a) Conjunctive selection
b) Disjunctive selection
c) Negation
d) None of the mentioned

9. A selection of the form giving all the records not satisfying simple individual conditions is ______
a) Conjunctive selection
b) Disjunctive selection
c) Negation
d) None of the mentioned

10. Which of the following can be implemented?

a) Conjunctive selection using one index
b) Conjunctive selection using composite index
c) Conjunctive selection by intersection of identifiers
d) All of the mentioned

11. A join of the form r ⨝r.A=s.B s is called as

a) Equi join
b) Left outer join
c) Right outer join
d) Full outer join

12. for each tuple tr in r do begin

FOR each tuple ts IN s do BEGIN
test pair (tr , ts ) TO see IF they satisfy the JOIN condition _
IF they do, ADD tr • ts TO the RESULT;
END
END
13. What type of join is this?
a) Equi join
b) Hash join
c) Nested loop join
d) Block nested loop join

14. If nested loop join is done on a per block basis rather than on a per tuple basis, it is called as
a) Equi join
b) Hash join
c) Nested loop join

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

d) Block nested loop join

15. The merge join can be used to compute

a) Natural joins
b) Equi joins
c) Both the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

16. The ___________ merges the sorted relation with leaf entries of the secondary B+ tree index.
a) Merge join algorithm
b) Hybrid merge join algorithm
c) Hash join algorithm
d) Hybrid Hash join algorithm

17. The splitting of input until each partition of the build input fits the memory is called as ______
a) Temporary partitioning
b) Block partitioning
c) Recursive partitioning
d) Byte partitioning

18. Overflow resolution is performed when,

a) A hash index overflow is detected
b) Extra hash indices are to be added
c) When the number of partitions are to be increased
d) None of the mentioned

19. Which of the following is not a set operation

a) Union
b) Intersection
c) And operation
d) Set difference

20. Which of the following joins preserves the tuples of the relation on the left side of the operator?
a) Left outer join
b) Natural join
c) Right outer join
d) None of the mentioned

21. State true or false: The aggregation functions can be implemented in the same way as that of duplicate
elimination.
a) True
b) False

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

22. If the results of one operation are passed on to the other, it is called as ________
a) Chain
b) Pipeline
c) Materialized
d) Tree

23. The result of each intermediate operation are created and then are used for valuation of the next level
operations, this evaluation is called as ________
a) Chain evaluation
b) Pipeline evaluation
c) Materialized evaluation
d) Demand driven evaluation

24. If the system makes repeated requests for tuples from the operation at the top of the table, it is called as
_________
a) Demand driven pipeline
b) Producer driven pipeline
c) Query driven pipeline
d) None of the mentioned

25. If the operations do not wait to produce tuples, then it is called as _________
a) Demand driven pipeline
b) Producer driven pipeline
c) Query driven pipeline
d) None of the mentioned

26. State true or false: Sorting is an inherently blocking operation

a) True
b) False

27. State true or false: Join is an inherently blocking operation

a) True
b) False

28. 7. Which of the following techniques does not exist?

a) Pipelined join technique
b) Left pipelined join technique
c) Right pipelined join technique
d) None of the mentioned

29. State true or false: Hybrid hash join is partially pipelined on the probe relation
a) True
b) False

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

30. The usage of two buffers, with one continuing execution of the algorithm while the other is written is
called as __________
a) Double execution
b) Multi tasking
c) Double buffering
d) Double algorithm

31. Which of the following functions does an iterator not provide

a) Open()
b) Next()
c) Close()
d) Wait()

Unit 2 : Transaction Management

32. Collections of operations that form a single logical unit of work are called __________
a) Views
b) Networks
c) Units
d) Transactions

33. The “all-or-none” property is commonly referred to as _________

a) Isolation
b) Durability
c) Atomicity
d) None of the mentioned

34. Which of the following is a property of transactions?

a) Atomicity
b) Durability
c) Isolation
d) All of the mentioned

35. Execution of translation in isolation preserves the _________ of a database

a) Atomicity
b) Consistency
c) Durability
d) All of the mentioned

36. Which of the following is not a property of a transaction?

a) Atomicity
b) Simplicity
c) Isolation

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

d) Durability

37. Which of the following systems is responsible for ensuring durability?

a) Recovery system
b) Atomic system
c) Concurrency control system
d) Compiler system

38. Which of the following systems is responsible for ensuring isolation?

a) Recovery system
b) Atomic system
c) Concurrency control system
d) Compiler system

39. State true or false: Information residing in the volatile storage does not usually survive system crashes
a) True
b) False

40. A transaction that has not been completed successfully is called as _______
a) Compensating transaction
b) Aborted transaction
c) Active transaction
d) Partially committed transaction

41. Which of the following is not a transaction state?

a) Active
b) Partially committed
c) Failed
d) Compensated

42. The execution sequences in concurrency control are termed as ________

a) Serials
b) Schedules
c) Organizations
d) Time tables

43. The scheme that controls the interaction between executing transactions is called as _____
a) Concurrency control scheme
b) Multiprogramming scheme
c) Serialization scheme
d) Schedule scheme

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

44. I and J are _________ if they are operations by different transactions on the same data item, and at
least one of them is a write operation.
a) Conflicting
b) Overwriting
c) Isolated
d) Durable

45. If a schedule S can be transformed into a schedule S’ by a series of swaps of non-conflicting

instructions, then S and S’ are
a) Non conflict equivalent
b) Equal
c) Conflict equivalent
d) Isolation equivalent

46. A schedule is __________ if it is conflict equivalent to a serial schedule.

a) Conflict serializable
b) Conflicting
c) Non serializable
d) None of the mentioned

47. The set of ________ in a precedence graph consists of all the transactions participating in the schedule
a) Vertices
b) Edges
c) Directions
d) None of the mentioned

48. A ___________of the transactions can be obtained by finding a linear order consistent with the partial
order of the precedence graph.
a) Serializability order
b) Direction graph
c) Precedence graph
d) Scheduling scheme

49. State true or false: If I = read(Q) and J = read(Q) then the order of I and J does not matter.
a) True
b) False

50. State true or false: If I = read(Q) and J = write(Q) then the order of I and J does not matter.
a) True
b) False

51. Which of the following is the most expensive method?

a) Timestamping
b) Plain locking

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

c) Predicate locking
d) Snapshot isolation

52. A transaction that performs only one operation is called as a _________

a) Partial schedule
b) Complete schedule
c) Dependent schedule
d) Independent schedule

53. The phenomenon in which one failure leads to a series of transaction rollbacks is called as ________
a) Cascading rollback
b) Cascadeless rollback
c) Cascade cause
d) None of the mentioned

54. State true or false: Every cascadeless schedule is also recoverable

a) True
b) False

55. A ___________ is one where, for each pair of transactions Ti and Tj such that Tj reads a data item
previously written by Ti , the commit operation of Ti appears before the commit operation of Tj
a) Partial schedule
b) Dependent schedule
c) Recoverable schedule
d) None of the mentioned

56. State true or false: Transactions can only run serially

a) True
b) False

57. Which of the following are the advantages of transaction concurrency?

a) Increased throughput
b) Increased utilization
c) Reduces average response time
d) All of the mentioned

58. The average time for a transaction to be completed after it has been submitted is called as __________
a) Minimum response time
b) Average response time
c) Average reaction time
d) Minimum reaction time

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

59. If a schedule is equivalent to a serial schedule, it is called as a _________

a) Serializable schedule
b) Equivalent schedule
c) Committed schedule
d) None of the mentioned

60. Which of the following is not a type of a schedule?

a) Partial schedule
b) Dependent schedule
c) Recoverable schedule
d) None of the mentioned

61. Which of the following is a transaction isolation level as specified by SQL standard?
a) Serializable
b) Repeatable read
c) Read committed
d) All of the mentioned

62. 2. State true or false: Serializable level may allow both serializable and non-serializable executions
a) True
b) False

63. ________ allows only committed data to be read and further requires that no other transaction is
allowed to update it between two reads of a data item by a transaction.
a) Read uncommitted
b) Serializable
c) Repeatable read
d) Read committed

64. ________ allows only committed data to be read, but does not require repeatable reads
a) Read uncommitted
b) Serializable
c) Repeatable read
d) Read committed

65. ___________ allows uncommitted data to be read

a) Read uncommitted
b) Serializable
c) Repeatable read
d) Read committed

66. State true or false: All the isolation levels disallow dirty writes
a) True

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

b) False

67. When is a timestamp allotted

a) When execution begins
b) When execution is taking place
c) When execution is completed
d) None of the mentioned

68. In ___________ isolation each transaction is given its own version of the database
a) Timestamp
b) Snapshot
c) Lock based
d) All of the mentioned

69. What is the disadvantage of locking?

a) Does not control concurrency
b) Is not atomic
c) Is not durable
d) Has a poor degree of concurrency

70. A system is in a _______ state if there exists a set of transactions in which every transaction is waiting
for another transaction in the set.
a) Deadlock
b) Starved
c) Isolated
d) None of the mentioned

71. Which of the following is not a method in deadlock handling

a) Deadlock prevention
b) Deadlock detection
c) Deadlock recovery
d) Deadlock distribution

72. Deadlocks can be prevented using

a) Preemption and transaction rollbacks
b) Wait and die scheme
c) Wound-wait scheme
d) All of the mentioned

73. State true or false: Wait die scheme is a non-preemptive technique

a) True
b) False

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

74. Lock timeouts have which of the following advantages?

a) Unnecessary rollbacks do not occur
b) Transactions do not starve
c) It is easy to implement
d) All of the mentioned

75. The _________ graph describes deadlocks precisely

a) Wound wait graph
b) Wait die graph
c) Wait for graph
d) None of the mentioned

76. How do we generally recover from a deadlock?

a) By aborting all the transactions
b) By rolling back all the transactions
c) By rolling back only a selected number of transactions
d) None of the mentioned

77. State true or false: Partial rollback is not possible.

a) True
b) False

78. Which of the following steps must be taken while choosing a victim?
a) Avoiding starvation
b) Number of transactions involved in rollback
c) Data items used by the transaction
d) All of the mentioned

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

Unit 3 : Concurrency Control

79. If a transaction has obtained a __________ lock, it can read but cannot write on the item
a) Shared mode
b) Exclusive mode
c) Read only mode
d) Write only mode

80. If a transaction has obtained a ________ lock, it can both read and write on the item
a) Shared mode
b) Exclusive mode
c) Read only mode
d) Write only mode

81. A transaction can proceed only after the concurrency control manager ________ the lock to the
transaction
a) Grants
b) Requests
c) Allocates
d) None of the mentioned

82. If a transaction can be granted a lock on an item immediately in spite of the presence of another mode,
then the two modes are said to be ________
a) Concurrent
b) Equivalent
c) Compatible
d) Executable

83. A transaction is made to wait until all ________ locks held on the item are released
a) Compatible
b) Incompatible
c) Concurrent
d) Equivalent

84. State true or false: It is not necessarily desirable for a transaction to unlock a data item immediately
after its final access
a) True
b) False

85. The situation where no transaction can proceed with normal execution is known as ________
a) Road block

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

b) Deadlock
c) Execution halt
d) Abortion

86. The protocol that indicates when a transaction may lock and unlock each of the data items is called as
__________
a) Locking protocol
b) Unlocking protocol
c) Granting protocol
d) Conflict protocol

87. If a transaction Ti may never make progress, then the transaction is said to be ____________
a) Deadlocked
b) Starved
c) Committed
d) Rolled back

88. The two phase locking protocol consists which of the following phases?
a) Growing phase
b) Shrinking phase
c) More than one of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

89. 11. If a transaction may obtain locks but may not release any locks then it is in _______ phase
a) Growing phase
b) Shrinking phase
c) Deadlock phase
d) Starved phase

90. If a transaction may release locks but may not obtain any locks, it is said to be in ______ phase
a) Growing phase
b) Shrinking phase
c) Deadlock phase
d) Starved phase

91. A system is in a _______ state if there exists a set of transactions in which every transaction is waiting
for another transaction in the set.
a) Deadlock
b) Starved
c) Isolated
d) None of the mentioned

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

92. Which of the following is not a method in deadlock handling

a) Deadlock prevention
b) Deadlock detection
c) Deadlock recovery
d) Deadlock distribution

93. Deadlocks can be prevented using

a) Preemption and transaction rollbacks
b) Wait and die scheme
c) Wound-wait scheme
d) All of the mentioned

94. State true or false: Wait die scheme is a non-preemptive technique

a) True
b) False

95. Lock timeouts have which of the following advantages?

a) Unnecessary rollbacks do not occur
b) Transactions do not starve
c) It is easy to implement
d) All of the mentioned

96. The _________ graph describes deadlocks precisely

a) Wound wait graph
b) Wait die graph
c) Wait for graph
d) None of the mentioned

97. 7. How do we generally recover from a deadlock?

a) By aborting all the transactions
b) By rolling back all the transactions
c) By rolling back only a selected number of transactions
d) None of the mentioned

98. State true or false: Partial rollback is not possible.

a) True
b) False

99. 9. Which of the following steps must be taken while choosing a victim?
a) Avoiding starvation
b) Number of transactions involved in rollback
c) Data items used by the transaction
d) All of the mentioned

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

100. Which of the following cannot be used to implement a timestamp

a) System clock
b) Logical counter
c) External time counter
d) None of the mentioned

101. A logical counter is _________ after a new timestamp has been assigned
a) Incremented
b) Decremented
c) Doubled
d) Remains the same

102. W-timestamp(Q) denotes?

a) The largest timestamp of any transaction that can execute write(Q) successfully
b) The largest timestamp of any transaction that can execute read(Q) successfully
c) The smallest timestamp of any transaction that can execute write(Q) successfully
d) The smallest timestamp of any transaction that can execute read(Q) successfully

103. R-timestamp(Q) denotes?

a) The largest timestamp of any transaction that can execute write(Q) successfully
b) The largest timestamp of any transaction that can execute read(Q) successfully
c) The smallest timestamp of any transaction that can execute write(Q) successfully
d) The smallest timestamp of any transaction that can execute read(Q) successfully

104. A ________ ensures that any conflicting read and write operations are executed in timestamp order
a) Organizational protocol
b) Timestamp ordering protocol
c) Timestamp execution protocol
d) 802-11 protocol

105. The default timestamp ordering protocol generates schedules that are
a) Recoverable
b) Non-recoverable
c) Starving
d) None of the mentioned

106. State true or false: The Thomas write rule has a greater potential concurrency than the timestamp
ordering protocol
a) True
b) False

107. Which of the following timestamp based protocols generates serializable schedules?
a) Thomas write rule
b) Timestamp ordering protocol

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

c) Validation protocol
d) None of the mentioned

108. In timestamp ordering protocol, suppose that the transaction Ti issues read(Q) and TS(Ti)<W-
timestamp(Q), then
a) Read operation is executed
b) Read operation is rejected
c) Write operation is executed
d) Write operation is rejected

109. In timestamp ordering protocol, suppose that the transaction Ti issues write(Q) and TS(Ti)<W-
timestamp(Q), then
a) Read operation is executed
b) Read operation is rejected
c) Write operation is executed
d) Write operation is rejected

110. The _________ requires each transaction executes in two or three different phases in its lifetime
a) Validation protocol
b) Timestamp protocol
c) Deadlock protocol
d) View protocol

111. During __________ phase, the system reads data and stores them in variables local to the
transaction.
a) Read phase
b) Validation phase
c) Write phase
d) None of the mentioned

112. During the _________ phase the validation test is applied to the transaction
a) Read phase
b) Validation phase
c) Write phase
d) None of the mentioned

113. During the _______ phase, the local variables that hold the write operations are copied to the
database
a) Read phase
b) Validation phase
c) Write phase
d) None of the mentioned

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

114. Read only operations omit the _______ phase

a) Read phase
b) Validation phase
c) Write phase
d) None of the mentioned

115. Which of the following timestamp is used to record the time at which the transaction started
execution?
a) Start(i)
b) Validation(i)
c) Finish(i)
d) Write(i)

116. Which of the following timestamps is used to record the time when a transaction has finished its
read phase?
a) Start(i)
b) Validation(i)
c) Finish(i)
d) Write(i)

117. Which of the following timestamps is used to record the time when a database has completed its
write operation?
a) Start(i)
b) Validation(i)
c) Finish(i)
d) Write(i)

118. State true or false: Locking and timestamp ordering force a wait or rollback whenever a conflict is
detected.
a) True
b) False

119. State true or false: We determine the serializability order of validation protocol by the validation
ordering technique
a) True
b) False

120. In _______ schemes, each write operation creates a new version of Q

a) Multiversion
b) Snapshot isolation
c) Lock based
d) Timestamp

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

121. If the first update is overwritten by a second, it is called as a _______ update

a) Useful
b) Overlapping
c) Lost
d) Concurrent

122. State true or false: Snapshot isolation prevents lost updates

a) True
b) False

123. Which of the following is a variant of snapshot isolation

a) First committer wins
b) First updater wins
c) More than one of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

124. Under ________ the system uses locking mechanism that applies only to updates
a) First updater wins
b) First committer wins
c) First writer wins
d) None of the mentioned

125. The situation in which each pair of transactions has read a data written by the other, but there is no
data written by the transactions is called as _______
a) Deadlock
b) Read skew
c) Deadlock skew
d) Write skew

126. Oracle uses __________ for the serializable isolation level

a) Multiversion scheme
b) Timestamp protocol
c) Lock based protocol
d) Snapshot isolation

127. State true or false: Snapshot isolation has low overhead

a) True
b) False

128. In ________ no two aborts occur unless two concurrent transactions update the same data item.
a) Multiversion scheme
b) Timestamp protocol
c) Lock based protocol

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

d) Snapshot isolation

129. Which of the following transactions can multiversion two phase locking protocol not differentiate.
a) Read only transactions
b) Update transactions
c) All of the mentioned
d) Double operator transactions

Unit 4 : Recovery System

130. Which of the following can cause a transaction failure

a) Logical error
b) System error
c) More than one of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

131. If the transaction can no longer continue with its normal execution because of some internal
condition, it is called as a _________
a) Logical error
b) System error
c) System crash
d) None of the mentioned

132. If a system has entered and undesirable state due to which it is unable to continue with normal
execution, it is called as _________
a) Logical error
b) System error
c) System crash
d) None of the mentioned

133. If there is a hardware malfunction or a bug in the database that causes the loss of content of volatile
storage, it is called as ________
a) Logical error
b) System error
c) System crash
d) None of the mentioned

134. The assumption that the hardware errors bring the system to a halt is called as ________
a) Halter assumption
b) Phantom assumption
c) Fail-stop assumption
d) Disk failure

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

135. Which of the following is not a classification of storage

a) Volatile storage
b) Nonvolatile storage
c) Stable storage
d) None of the mentioned

136. If a failure has occurred in the midst of a transfer, it is called as _________

a) Successful completion
b) Partial failure
c) Total failure
d) None of the mentioned

137. State true or false: The destination block has incorrect information in case of a total failure
a) True

138. The partitions of the database into fixed length storage units are called as __________
a) Blocks
b) Tuples
c) Relations
d) None of the mentioned

139. The blocks residing on the disk are referred to as ___________

a) Physical blocks
b) Buffer blocks
c) Disk blocks
d) Disk buffer

140. The area of memory where blocks temporarily reside is called as ________
a) Block buffer
b) Disk buffer
c) Physical buffer
d) None of the mentioned

141. The most widely used structure for recording database modification is called as _______
a) Log
b) List
c) Queue
d) Stack

142. An update log record describes a ________ database write

a) Single
b) Double
c) Triple

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

d) Quadruple

143. Which of the following fields does the update log record have?
a) Transaction identifier
b) Data-item identifier
c) Old value
d) All of the mentioned

144. The unique identifier of the transaction that performed the write operation is called as _______
a) Transaction identifier
b) Data-item identifier
c) Old value
d) New value

145. The value of the data item prior to the write is called as _________
a) Transaction identifier
b) Data-item identifier
c) Old value
d) New value

146. If a transaction does not modify the database until it has committed it is said to use a _______
modification technique
a) Deferred
b) Immediate
c) More than one of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

147. We say that a transaction has been ________ when its commit log record has been output to stable
storage.
a) Locked
b) Completed
c) Committed
d) Released

148. State true or false: Using checkpoints reduces overhead

a) True
b) False

149. A __________ checkpoint is a checkpoint where transactions are allowed to perform updates even
while buffer blocks are being written out.
a) Temporary
b) Fuzzy
c) Permanent

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d) Recovery

150. If the database modifications occur while the transaction is still active, the transaction is said to use
the __________ modification technique
a) Deferred
b) Immediate
c) More than one of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned

151. Which of the following is not a feature of a good relational design?

a) Specifying primary keys
b) Specifying foreign keys
c) Preserving integrity constraints
d) Allowing redundancy of attributes

152. The dependency rules specified by the database designer are known as _______
a) Designer dependencies
b) Database rules
c) Functional dependencies
d) None of the mentioned

153. If the decomposition is unable to represent certain important facts about the relation, then such a
decomposition is called as?
a) Lossless decomposition
b) Lossy decomposition
c) Insecure decomposition
d) Secure decomposition

154. If the decomposition is able to represent all the facts about the relation then such a decomposition is
called as?
a) Lossless decomposition
b) Lossy decomposition
c) Insecure decomposition
d) Secure decomposition

155. A domain whose elements are indivisible is called as ______

a) Unique domain
b) Proxy domain
c) Atomic domain
d) Multiple domain

156. If all the domains are atomic then the relational schema is in ________ normal form
a) 1

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b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

157. State true or false: Composite attributes have non-atomic domains.

a) True
b) False

158. State true or false: Redundancy is desired in a relational schema

a) True
b) False
159. An instance of a relation that satisfies all real world constraints is known as?
a) Proper relation
b) Ideal relation
c) Perfect relation
d) Legal relation

160. If K → R then K is said to be the _______ of R

a) Candidate key
b) Foreign key
c) Super key
d) Domain

161. X → Y holds on a schema k(K) if?

a) At least one legal instance satisfies the functional dependency
b) No legal instance satisfies the functional dependency
c) Each and every legal instance satisfies the functional dependency
d) None of the mentioned

162. X→ Y is trivial if?

a) X ⊂ Y
b) Y ⊂ X
c) X ⊇ Y
d) None of the mentioned

163. Which of the following is not a condition for X→ Y in Boyce codd normal form?
a) X → Y is trivial
b) X is the superkey for the relational schema R
c) Y is the superkey for the relational schema R
d) All of the mentioned

164. Which of the following is used to express database consistency?

a) Primary keys
b) Functional dependencies

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Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

c) Check clause
d) All of the mentioned

165. Which of the following is not a condition for the third normal form in the case of XY?
a) X→ Y is trivial
b) X is the superkey for R
c) Each attribute in Y-X is a candidate key for R
d) Each attribute in X-Y is a candidate key for R

166. F+ is called as the ________ of F

a) Closure
b) Sum
c) Cartesian product
d) None of the mentioned

167. State true or false: A functional dependency must first satisfy the second normal form to satisfy the
third normal form.
a) True
b) False

168. State true or false: The fourth normal form does not exist and it is instead called as the BCNF.
a) True
b) False

169. A functional dependency f on R is _______ by a set of functional dependencies F on r if every

instance of r(R) that satisfies f also satisfies F.
a) Logically Defined
b) Logically Derived
c) Logically implied
d) None of the mentioned

170. If F is a set of functional dependencies, then the closure of F is denoted by?

a) F*
b) Fo
c) F+
d) F

171. If a functional dependency is reflexive, B is a subset of A and A is the set of attributes, then
a) B→A holds
b) A→B holds
c) AB→C holds
d) None of the mentioned

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Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

172. State true or false: Armstrong’s axioms allow us to generate all F+ for any given F
a) True
b) False

173. Armstrong axioms are called sound because?

a) They are expensive
b) They cannot generate correct functional dependencies
c) They allow us to generate the complete closure
d) They cannot generate incorrect functional dependencies

174. State true or false: Functional dependencies are transitive

a) True
b) False

175. If A→B, A→ C then which of the following is true?

a) A→BC
b) A→B
c) A→C
d) All of the mentioned

176. If B is an attribute and A→B, Then B is said to be ________ by a.

a) Logically implied
b) Functionally implied
c) Logically determined
d) Functionally determined

177. We say that a decomposition having the property F’+ = F+ is a __________ decomposition.
a) Dependency losing
b) Dependency preserving
c) Lossless
d) None of the mentioned

178. A _________ Fc for F is a set of dependencies such that F logically implies all dependencies in Fc,
and Fc logically implies all dependencies in F.
a) Canonical cover
b) Complete cover
c) Canonical dependency
d) Canonical clause

179. What does the BCNF decomposition algorithm do?

a) States a method to decompose a relation satisfying BCNF
b) States a method for joining two relations satisfying BCNF
c) States a method to decompose a relational schema such that there are no multiple occurrences

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Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

d) None of the mentioned

180. The 3NF decomposition algorithm is also called as _______

a) 3NF normal algorithm
b) 3NF synthesis algorithm
c) 3NF generator
d) Functional dependence algorithm

181. Which of the following is desirable in a database design with functional dependencies?
a) BCNF
b) Losslessness
c) Dependency preservation
d) All of the mentioned

182. State true or false: SQL specifies a way of mentioning functional dependencies
a) True
b) False

183. State true or false: Most current database systems do not support constraints on materialized view
a) True
b) False

184. Multi valued dependencies are also called as __________

a) Equality generating dependencies
b) Tuple generating dependencies
c) Multi-purpose dependencies
d) None of the mentioned

185. Functional dependencies are sometimes referred to as ________

a) Equality generating dependencies
b) Tuple generating dependencies
c) Multi-purpose dependencies
d) None of the mentioned

186. The _______ is a set of all functional and multi values dependencies implied by a set of functional
dependencies
a) Star
b) Closure
c) Derivation
d) Evolution

187. State true or false: If a relational schema is in _______ NF and A is a subset of R and B is also a
subset of R then it is that A is a superkey is a trivial multi values dependency.
a) 1

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 DNYANSAGAR ARTS AND COMMERCE COLLEGE, BALEWADI, PUNE – 45

Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

188. Which of the following normal forms does not exist?

a) BCNF
b) PJNF
c) 5NF
d) None of the mentioned

189. Which of the following is not a process of generating a good relational schema?
a) Converting ER diagrams to relational schema
b) Decomposing the relational schema while satisfying functional dependencies
c) Joining multiple relations together to form a single relation containing all the attributes
d) A design of relations which is then tested and modified to satisfy given normal forms

190. What is unique role assumption?

a) The attribute name has a unique meaning in the database
b) The attributes are all unique
c) No two tuples have even a single same value in a relation
d) None of the mentioned

191. The process of making a normalized schema unnormalized is called as _________

a) Unnormalization
b) Denormalization
c) Renormalization
d) Annormalization

192. State true or false: Crosstabs are not desirable in a database design
a) True
b) False

193. The data that have a time interval associated with them during which they are valid are called as
________
a) Timed data
b) Temporal data
c) Model data
d) Clocked data

194. The value of the data at a particular time is called as?

a) Instance
b) Picture
c) Snapshot

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Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

d) None of the mentioned

195. 7. Functional dependencies that have a time associated with them during which they are valid are
called as________
a) Timed functional dependencies
b) Clocked functional dependencies
c) Temporal functional dependencies
d) Modeled functional dependencies

196. State true or false: Overlapping time intervals cannot be prevented

a) True
b) False

197. Which of the following is the time of temporal data that record when a fact was recorded in a
database?
a) Transaction time
b) Valid time
c) Enter time
d) Exit time

198. To specify the foreign keys in relations referencing temporal data we need to specify _______
a) The time interval
b) The Boolean value for the working
c) The integer corresponding to the relation number
d) None of the mentioned

Unit 5 : PLSQL

199 Which statement is package specification or body of a stored subprogram?

1. Package Specification only requires recompilation

2. Package body only requires recompilation
3. Both package & body requires recompilation
4. Both package & body does not require recompilation.

200 The packaged procedure that makes data in form permanent in the Database is

1. Post
2. Post form

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3. Commit form
4. None of the above

201 Which of the following do not execute multiple PL/SQL programs simultaneously?

1. Oracle Advanced Queuing

2. DBMS_JOB
3. DBMS_SQL
4. Pipelined Functions

202 Which package can you use to output values and messages stored procedures?

1. DBMS_DISPLAY
2. DBMS_OUTPUT
3. DBMS_LIST
4. DBMS_DESCRIBE

203 Which of the package statement is true?

1. Packages can be nested.

2. You can pass parameters to packages.
3. A package is loaded into memory each time it is invoked.
4. The contents of packages can be shared by many applications.

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Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

Answers :
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
d c b a a b a b c d
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
a c d c b c a c a a
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
b c a b a b d a c d
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
b c a b a b d a c d
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
d c d b b a c a b d
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
b a a c a a a a b C
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
a a a c b d b a d a
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
a d d a d c c b d a
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
b a c a a b a b c A
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
b a d d a d c c b d
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 100
a a b c c a b c a B
111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
a c a c a d d a d d
121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130
c a b c c a b b a a
131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140
b a a d a c a c a b
141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150
b d c b a c a b b d
151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160
c b a c a b b d c C
161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170
d a c d d a a b c c
171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180
b a d a d d b a a b
181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190
a b a b a b d d c a
191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200

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Subject : Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) Class : S.Y. BBA(CA)

b a b c c b a a a c
201 202 203
c b d

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