NO I

VISHNOI CLASSES PVT. LTD. 'APEX' INSTITUTE FOR MATHEMATICS

ASHISH VISHNOI

SH NO
I
B.Tech. - I.I.T. BHU

ANURAG VISHNOI
INSTRUCTORS -

B.Tech. - I.I.T. KANPUR

M.S. - U.S.A.

117/N/583, KAKADEO, KANPUR (Lane behind Kulwanti Hospital) Ph. : 8009014590

LIMITS
2 2 3 2
x +3 3x + 4 x - 5x + 6 x + 3x + 2x
1. lim 2. lim 3. lim 4. lim

VI H
x >2 x-1 x >-1 x - 5
2
x >2 x - 3x + 2 x > -2
2
x -x-6
4 3
2x - x - 10
2
x - 7x + 15x - 9
3 2 x -4 8x - 1
5. lim 6. lim 4 7. Lim 2 8. lim 4
2
x >5/2 2x - 7x + 5
3
x >3 x - 5x + 27x - 27 x > 2 x + 3x 2 - 8 x >1/2 16x - 1

9. lim 2 (1
x >1 x + x - 2
- 3
x
x -1
10. Lim
x
x >0 1 + x - 1) 11. Lim
x >4
3 - (5 + x)
x-4
12. Lim x-5
x >5 6x - 5 - 4x + 5
IS
( )
2
x - 16 a + 2x - 3x 1 1 -1
13. lim 2 14. lim 1 + 2 + x - 3 15. lim 16. lim
0 h x+h x
x >4 x + 9 - 5 x >2 x-2 x >a 3a + x - 2 x h®

3 3 3 2 3
2
3x + 2x - 5 4x - 3 1 + 2 + .... + n x +1-3x +1
17. Lim 18. Lim 19. lim 20. lim
x >
2
x + 5x + 1 x > 2x + 7 n >¥
(n - 1)
4 x >¥4 4 4
x + 1 - 5x + 1

21. Lim 3x2 + x - 1

3 2
22. Lim
x >
1
(1 - x)
2 23. lim
x >
(x 2 2
+ 8x + 3 - x + 4x + 3 )
AG V

x > x -x+7
24. lim ( (x + a)(x + b) - x) 25. It is given that f(x) = ax + b , lim f(x) = 2 and lim f(x) = 1. Prove that f(-2) = 0.
x > 5/7 5/7
x + 1 x® 0 9 9
x® ¥
x -a x m
- a m x +a
26. Lim 27. Lt n (m, n Q) 28. If lim = 9, find the value of a
x >-a x + a
2/7 2/7 n
x >a x -a x >a x - a
2x 3x 2x 3x 4x 5x x
3 -2 3 2 -7 -1
29. lim -e 30. lim
32. lim x 4x 31. lim e
x >0 x x >0 3x
2 -1 x >0 x x >0 3 - 5
UR SH

x
36. Lim tan2x
x x x
1/x a +b +c -3 2 -1
33. lim (a - 1)x 34. Lim 35. lim
x >¥ x >0 x x >0 (1 + x)
1/2
- 1 x >0 x

37. Lim
x >0
tan(x/2)
3x
38. Lim
x >0
sin5x
sin15x
39. Lim tanax
x >0 tanbx
40. Lim
x >0 ( sin3x
x
- sinx )
x
2
tan3x - 2x 2 3 n
(x + x + x +.... + x ) - n sin ax
41. Lim sin2x + sin6x 42. Lim 2 43. lim 44. lim 2
x >0 sin5x - sin3x x >0 3x - sin x x >1 x-1 x >0 sin bx
2
1 - cos4x
47. Lim 1 - cosx
2
2sin 3x
45. Lim 46. Lim sin x 2 48. Lim 2
x >0 x
2
x >0 2x x >0 sin x x >0 x
3 2
tanx - sinx x cotx 1 - cos2x + tan x
49. lim 50. Lim 51. Lim 1 - cos2x 52. lim
I

x >0 3 x >0 1 - cosx x >0 x x >0 xsinx

sin x 2 2 2
1 - cos2mx sinx (1 - cosx ) 56. Lim sin x(1 - cos2x)
cos3x - cos7x
53. lim 54. lim 55. lim
AN H

2
x >0 1 - cos2nx x >0
x
2 x >0
x
6 x >0 x
sin(x + h) - sinx tan(x + a) - tana sin4x x(5 x - 1)
57. lim 58. lim 59. lim 1- 1 - x 60. lim
h® 0 h x® 0 3x x >0 x >0 1 - cosx
0 x2
sinx 2 - 1 + cosx - cosx e
1 + sinx - 1 - sinx
61. lim 62. lim 2 63. lim
64. lim
x
AS

x >0 0 x >0 2 x >0 x >0 x

x x
x x x
10 - 2 - 5 + 1 y-a py 1 + cosx sin(x - p /6)
65. lim 66. Lim sin tan 67. Lim 68. lim
2 2a x-p x > /6
p 3/2 - cosx
x >0 xtanx y®a x >p

Answers : (1) 7 (2) -1/6 (3) -1 (4) -2/5 (5) 3 (6) 2/9 (7) 8/5 (8) 3/4 (9) -1/9 (10) 2 (11) -1/6 (12) 5 (13) 10 (14) 1/8 3
3/7
(15) 2/3 3 (16) -1/(2x x) (17) 3 (18) 2 (19) 1/4 (20) 0 (21) ¥ (22) 0 (23) 2 (24) (a + b)/2 (26) (5/2)a
m-n
(27) (m/n)a (28) +1 (29) ln(9/8) (30) ln9/ln8 (31) -1 (32)
ln(32/7)
ln(3/625) (
(33) ln a (34) ln abc (35) ln4 (36) 2
2 2
)
(37) 1/6 (38) 1/3 (39) a/b (40) 2 (41) 4 (42) 1/3 (43) n(n+1)/2 (44) a /b (45) 18 (46) 0 (47) 1/2 (48) 8
2 2 2
(49) 1/2 (50) 2 (51) 0 (52) 3 (53) m /n (54) 20 (55) 1/2 (57) cosx (58) (1/3)sec a (59) 8 (60) ln25 (61) 1
(62) 1/4 2 (63) 3/2 (64) 1 (65) ln5.ln2 (66) (-a/p
) (67) 0 (68) 2
 cos3x + 3cosx 1 - sin x
3
sinx - sina p x
69. Lim 72. lim (1 - x)tan

NO I
70. Lim 71. Lim
( )
p 3
x >p /2
-x 2
x-a x >1 2
2
x >p /2 cos x x >a

2 -1 -1
73. Lim 2 x - x - 2 74. Lim 5 + cosx 2- 2 sin 7x sin x + sin(x/2)

SH NO
75. lim 76. lim

I
-1
x >2 x - 2x + sin(x - 2) x >p (p - x) x >0 sin 2x x >0 tan(3x/4) + sin7x
1 x - sinx
77. Calculate (i) Lim cosx (ii) Lim sin(1/x) (iii) lim x cos (iv) lim sinx/x (v) lim
x >¥ x >0 x >0 x x >¥ x®¥ x + cos x
2

3
ln(1 + 3x) ln(1 + x ) x+1-1 x sinx 4 + sin3x - 2
78. lim 79. lim 80. Lim 81. Lim 82. lim
2x x >0
3
sin x x®0 ln(x + 1) x® 0
2
ln(1 + x ) x >0 ln(1 + tan2x)
x >0 e -1

( ) ( ) ( )
x+1 2 x x x x 2/x
3x - 4 3 x - 2x + 1 a +b +c cotp
x
83. Lim 84. Lim 85. Lim (a, b, c > 0) 86. Lim (1 + sinp x)
x >¥ 3x + 2 x >¥
2
x - 4x + 2 x® 0 3 x >1

87. Lim [x] 88. lim [x] 89. lim + [x] |x| x
90. lim [x] 91. lim |x| 92. lim 93. lim
x >2 x >5 x >3 x >5 x >0 x >0 x x >0 |x|

VI H
2
94. Lim [2 - x] 95. lim x - [x] 96. lim (x - [x]) 97. Lim x /x
x >1 x >7/4 x >5 x®

{ 2xx ++k,3,
-
¥
98. Find lim+ x . Is it equal to lim - x 99. Find k so that lim f(x) may exist, where f(x) =
x<2
x >3 [x] x >3 [x] x>2

{
x >2
x - [x] , x < 2
4 , x=2
IS
100. Evaluate lim f(x) (if it exists), where f(x) =
x >2 3x - 5 , x > 2
101. Calculate the following Lts. (If they don't exists write the L.H.L. & R.H.L. individually)
x
1/x x-5 e |x - 3| |x - 1|
(i) Lim 5 (ii) Lim (iii) Lim x (iv) Lt (v) Lt
x >0 x >5 |x - 5| x >¥e +1 x >3 x - 3 x >- x-1

102. Calculate the following Lts. ([ ] > integral part) (a) Lim
x >0
sin[x]
[x]
(b) Lim
x >0 [ ]
sinx
x
(c) Lim
x >0
tan[x]
[x]
AG V

[ ] [ ]
-1
tanx sin x
(d) Lim [x - 1] + [1 - x] (e) Lim (f) Lim
x >1 x >0 x x >0 x
1/x 1/x
2 -1 x -x 2 -1
2 -2 106. Let f(x) = - 25 - x then calculate Lt f(x) - f(1)
2
103. lim + 104. lim 105.lim 1/x
x >0 2 +1
1/x
x >+
x
2 +2
-x
x >0 2 +1 x >1 x-1
107. Justify with examples Lt (f(x) + g(x)) exists but Lt f(x) & Lt g(x) may not exist
x >a x >a x >a
UR SH

CALCULATE THE LIMITS USING DL RULE

2 3 2
x + 3x + 2 x - 7x + 15x - 9 3 - (5 + x) a + 2x - 3x
108. lim 109. lim 4 3 110. Lim 111. lim
x
2
>-1 2x + x - 1 x >3 x - 5x + 27x - 27 x >4 x-4 x >a 3a + x - 2 x
2 5/7 5/7 2x
x +1-1
2
12x + 3x + 11 x -a 3 -1 1 - cos4x
112. lim 113. Lim 2 114. Lim 2/7 2/7
115. lim 116. Lim 2
x >0 2
x + 16 - 4 x > 3x + 7x + 8 x >a x -a x >0
2
3x
-1 x >0 x
2
tanx - sinx 2 - 3 cosx - sinx
117. Lim sin2x + sin6x 118. lim 1 - cos2x + tan x 119. lim 120. Lim 2
x >0 sin5x - sin3x x >0 xsinx
x >0
sin x
3 x >p/6 (6x - p)
ln cosx
121. Lim 2 - 1 + 2sinx 122. lim (1 - x)tan px (x + y)sec(x + y) - xsecx
I

123. lim 124. lim 2

x >p/2 2 cos x x >1 2 y >0 y x >0 x

( )
2 x x
x - sinx e -x-1
AN H

x
4 + sin3x - 2 x - 2x + 1 127. Lt 128. Lt 129. Lim+ x
125. lim 126. Lim 2 3 2
x >0 ln(1 + tan2x) x >¥ x - 4x + 2 x >0 x x >0 x x >0

x xcosx
130. Lt (sinx)
tanx
e -e logx lnsin3x -1
cos (1 - x)
+ 131. lim 132. lim ,n>0 133. lim + 134. Lim
x >0 x >0 x + sinx x > xn x >0 lnsinx x®
0 x
f(x) . g(a) - f(a) . g(x)
AS

135. If f(a) = 2, g(a) = -1, f'(a) = 1, g'(a) = 2 then find the value of lt
x >a x-a
Answers : (69) 4 (70) 3/2 (71) cosa (72) 2/p
(73) 1 (74) 1/8 (75) 7/2 (76) 6/31 (77) (i) DNE (ii) DNE (iii) 0 (iv) 0 (v) 1
-2/3 2 2/3
(78) 3/2 (79) 1 (80) (1/2) (81) 1 (82) 3/8 (83) e (84) e (85) (abc) (86) 1/e (87) DNE (88) DNE (89) 3
(90) 4 (91) 0 (92) DNE (93) DNE (94) DNE (95) 3/4 (96) DNE (97) -1 (98) 1,no (99) k = 5 (100) 1
(101) (i) DNE (ii) DNE (iii) 1 (iv) DNE (v) -1 (102) (a) sin1 (b) 0 (c) d.n.e. (d) -1 (e) 1 (f) 1 (103) 1
(104) (1, -1) (105) -1 (106) (1/ 24) (108) -1/3 (109) 2/9 (110) -1/6 (111) 2/3 3 (112) 4 (113) 4
3/7
(114) (5/2)a (115) ln9/ln8 (116) 8 (117) 4 (118) 3 (119) 1/2 (120) 1/36 (121) 1/8 (122) 2/p
2
(123) xsecx tanx + secx (124) -1/2 (125) 3/8 (126) e (127) 1/6 (128) 1/2 (129) 1 (130) 1 (131) 0 (132) 0
2
(133) 1(121) 1/8 (122) 2/p (123) xsecx tanx + secx (124) -1/2 (125) 3/8 (126) e (127) 1/6 (128) 1/2
(129) 1 (130) 1 (131) 0 (132) 0 (133) 1 (134) 2 (135) -5 (136) 1/2 (137) 1/6
 CALCULATE THE LIMITS USING EXPANSION

NO I
x
x - sinx x cosx - log (1+x)
136. Lt
e -x-1
2
137. Lt 3
138. Lim sinx -3tanx 139. lim
x >0 x2
x >0 x x >0 x x®0 x

SH NO
( )
x 2

I
140. Lt ln(1 + x) + x - 1 141. If lim e - 1 - x3 - (x /2) = 6k, then find k.
x >0 x
2 x x® 0 x
142. If lim 4 + sin2x + Asinx + Bcosx exists then find the value of A and B
2
x® 0 x x
(cosx - 1)(cosx - e )
143. Find the integer n for which lim n is a finite non-zero number
x®0 x

STAGE - II
10 10 10 5/2 5/2
(x + 1) + (x + 2) +...+ (x + 100) (x + 2) - (a + 2)
144.lim 145. lim ( x+ x+ x - x) 146. Lim

VI H
x >
10 10 x > x >a x-a
x + 10
147. In a circle of radius r, an isosceles triangle ABC is inscribed with AB = AC. If the ABC has perimeter
D
2 2 3
p = 2( 2hr - h + 2hr) & area A = h 2hr - h , where h is the altitude from A to BC, then find lim + A/p
h®
0
IS
2 2
148. lim 1-x+x - 1+x sec4x - sec2x cosx - cosa
150. Lim 149. lim
x >0 x
4 -1 sec3x - secx x >a cotx - cotax >0

151. Lim nsin p

n >¥ 4n ( ) ( )
cos p
4n
152. lim
y >0
(x + y)sec(x + y) - xsecx
y
153. lim
x >0
sin(a + x) + sin(a - x) - 2sina
xsinx
2 x x x
sin(p
cos x) 27 - 9 - 3 + 1
154. Calculate Lim 2 155. Calculate lim
x®0 x x >0 2 - 1 + cos x
AG V

156. Calculate lt x tan2x - 2x tanx

x® 0 (1 - cos2x)
2 157. Evaluate lim n
n >
2
(1-cos 1 ) (1-cos 1 ) (1-cos 1 ) ............
n n n
sinx
( (
( )
x-2
sinx x-sinx
158. lim
x >2
sin(5 - 1)
ln(x - 1)
159.
x® 0
x
Calculate lt sin + cos
m (
2x 2m/x
m
160. Lim
x >0 x )161. lim
x >0
ln cosx
x
2

2
ln(1 + 6f (x) - 3f(x))
162. If graph of continuous function y = f(x) passes through pt (a, 0) then lt equals
x® 3f(x)
UR SH

a
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) -1 (d) N.O.T.
n n
163. Lt a n + bn where a > b > 0 will be (a) -1 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) N.O.T.
n®¥ a -b
164. Let L1 = Lt sec
x®0
1
- x
sinx
& L2 = Lt sec
x® 0
1
-
(sinx
x
then ) ( )
(a) L1 exists & L2 D.N.E. (b) L1 D.N.E. & L2 exists (c) both L1, L2 exists (d) both L1, L2 D.N.E.
2n
x -1
165. Find value of f(x) for all real values of x if f(x) = Lim 2n
x +1
n®
¥
3
x +x-2 (1-cos2x)/2
I

(1-x) -1 (1-x) -1 [cosx]

166. Find (i) lim + 2
-2
(ii) lim 2
-2 (iii) Lt |x| (iv) lim (v) lim
x >0 x >1 3 2
x -x -x+1 x >0 x
x >1 x >1
AN H

167. Which of following is/are ture (a) lim +

tanx = ¥
(b) lim -
tanx = -¥
(c) tan p
/2 = ¥
(d) tan p
/2 = undefined
x®
x®
p
/
2p
/
2
2n
168. lim tan x is equal to (a) 1 if x = 2np
+p
/4 (b) 1 if x = np
+p
/4 (c) 0 if x ¹
np
+p
/4 (d) 0 if np
-p
/4 < x < np
+p
/4
n® ¥
169. Let L1 = Lt
x®
0 |x| x®
0[ sin|x| ] and L = Lt [ |sinx| ] where [ ] is integral part then
|x| 2
AS

(a) L1 ¹
L2 (b) L1 = L2 (c) L1 = D.N.E. (d) both L1 & L2 D.N.E.

170. Let f : R > R be such that f(1) = 3 and f'(1) = 6. Then find lim
x >0
( f(1 + x)
f(1) ) 1/x

2f(x) - 3f(2x) + f(4x)

171. Let f''(x) be continuous at x = 0 and f''(0) = 4. Then calculate lim 2
x >0 x
Answers : (138) -1/2 (139) 1/2 (140) 1/2 (141) 136 (142) A = -2 & B = -4 (143) 3 (144) 100 (145) 1/2
3/2 3
(146) (5/2)(a + 2) (147) 1/128r (148) -1/2ln4 (149) 3/2 (150) sin a (151) p /4 (152) xsecx tanx + secx
2 2
(153) -sina (154) p (155) (8 2(ln3) ) (156) 1/2 (157) 1/2 (158) ln5 (159) e (160) 1/e (161) -1/2
(162) c (163) b (164) a (165) f(x) = 1 if x < -1 or x > 1 ; f(x) = 0 if x = -1 or 1 ; f(x) = -1
2
if -1 < x < 1 (166) (i) 1 (ii) 0 (iii) 1 (iv) D.N.E. (v) d.n.e. (167) d (168) abd (169) b (170) e (171)12
 ax - xa = -1, then find the value of a.
172. lim x

NO I
x >a x - a a
173. f(x) is a differentiable function. Given f'(1) = 4, f'(2) = 6, where f'(c) means the derivative of function at x = c,
2
f(2 + 2h + h ) - f (2)

SH NO
then find the value of lt

I
2
h >0 f(1 + h - h ) - f(1) 2
f(x ) - f(x)
174. If f(x) is differentiable and strictly increasing function, then find value of lim is
x >0 f(x) - f(0)
cos4x + acos2x + b
175. If 4 has a finite limit as x > 0, find it & determine the necessary values of a & b .
x

( )
2
176. If lim x + 1 - (ax + b) = 0, find values of a & b
x >¥
x+1
2 2
q +q - 2 f(q ) q + 2q -1
177. Assume lt f(q ) exists & £ 2 £ holds true for an interval containing q = -1 then find lt f(q
)
q
® - 1 q +3 q q +3 q® 1
-

BRAIN TEASERS

VI H
4 2 3
x x x x (3x + 2x ) sin(1/x) + |x| + 5
178. lim cos cos cos ... cos n 179. Lt
n > 2 4 8 2 x >-¥
3 2
|x| + |x| + |x| + 1
th r n
180. Let the r term, tr of a series is given by tr = . Then find the value of lim S t r.
IS
2 4 n >¥ r=1
1+r +r
x -x
axe - b log(1 + x) + cxe
181. Find the value of a, b and c such that lim = 2.
x >0 2
x sinx
2 4 2
n
logsecx/2 cosx
182. Let |x| < 1 then find lim (1 + x)(1 + x )(1 + x ).....(1 + x ) 183. lim
n®
¥x >0 log cosx/2 secx

184. [x] + [2x] + [3x] +....+ [nx]

Lt 2 [x] denotes the integral part of x
AG V

n >¥ n 2n
x ln(x + 2) + sinx
185. Calculate the value of lim 2n , depending upon values of x.
n® ¥ x +1
x
(cosx - 1)(cosx - e )
186. The integer n for which lim n is a finite non-zero number is (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
x >0 x
2 3
187. If lim a2sinx - bx + cx 3+ x 4 exists and is finite, then (a) a = b (b) c = 0 (c) a ¹ b (d) c = 2
x® 0 2x log(1 + x) - 2x + x
UR SH

188. If lim x(1 + acosx) 3

- b sinx = 1 , then
(a) b - a = 5/6 (b) a = -5/2 (c) b - a = 1 (d) b = 3/2
x® 0 x
4 2 2
189. If lim ( x - x + 1 - ax - b) = 0 then find the values of a and b

{ }
x > (1-x)/(1 - x)
-ax + sin(x - 1) + a
190. The largest value of the non-negative integer a for which lim = 1/4 is...........
x®
1 x + sin(x - 1) - 1

RANKER'S POINT
I

xn
191. If lim x = 0, (n integer), then the possible set of n (a) n > 0 (b) n < 0 (c) n = 0 (d) n > 2
x > e
AN H

1/x
1/x sinx x x e - (1 + x)
192. Find (i) for x > 0, lim ((sinx) + (1/x) )
(ii) lim a sin (b/a ) (a > 1) (iii) lim
x® 0 x® ¥ x >0 tanx
2 1 / {f(x)}
193. Find Lt ([f(x)] + x ) , where f(x) = tanx & [ ] & { } are integral part & fractional part.
x®0 x
2 2 2 2
cos(sinx) - cosx 2
AS

cosec x cosec x cosec x cosec x sin x

194. Calculate the following : 4(i) Lim (ii) Lim (1 +2 +3 + ..... + n )
x®0 x x® 0
2
2 1 - cos(ax + bx + c)
195. If a
and b
be the roots of ax + bx + c = 0, then calculate lim 2 .
x >a (x - a )

Answers : (172) 1 (173) 3 (174) -1 (175) 9 = -4 ; b = 3 (176) a=1,b=-1 (177) -1 (178) (sinx/x) if x ¹

{
0 ; 1 if x = 0
sinx if |x| < 1
(-sin1)/2 if x = -1
(179) -2 (180) 1/2 (181) a = 3; b = 12 ; c = 9 (182) 1/(1 - x) (183) 16 (184) x/2 (185)
(ln3+sin1)/2 if x = 1
ln(x + 2) if |x| > 1
3
(186) c (187) ab (188) bc (189) a = 1, b = -1/2 (190) 2 (191) e (191) abcd (192) (i) 1 (ii) b (iii) e/2
2 2
(195) a (a-b
)
3
(193) e (194) (i) 1/6 (ii) n
2
 RANKER'S STUDY PACKAGE

NO I
( )
n x n-1 3 cotx

SH NO
196. Let f(x) = lim 3 sin n and g(x) = x - 4f(x). Evaluate lim (1 + g(x))
S e
3 x®
0

I
n=1
n®
¥

m® ¥ n® ¥
2m
x)) then prove that f(x) = 1 if x is rational .
197. Let f(x) = lt ( lt cos ( np
0 if x is irrational {
3 3 3
198.Calculate Lt 33 - 1 . 43 - 1 .............. n3 - 1
n >¥3 +1 4 +1 n +1
n k 2
logx - [x] n .sin n
199. Calculate the following : (i) lim ,n N (ii) Lt ,0<k<1
x > [x] n®
¥ n+2

VI H
x 3-x 3
2 +2 -6 Tan x - 3Tanx
200. Prove that lim -x 1-x - lim x >
>e .
3
201. lim (cos x + 1 - cos x)
x >2 2 -2 x >p
/3 Cos(x + ( /6)) p
IS
2
202. Let (a) and b
a (a) be the roots of the equation ( 3 1 + a - 1) x + ( 1 + a - 1)x + ( 6 1 + a - 1) = 0 where a > -1.
Then calculate the values of lim+ (a) and lim+ b
a (a)
a®
0 a®
0

2 2 2
203. Let L = lim a - a - x4 - (x /4) , a > 0. If L is finite, then find value of a and L
x® 0 x
AG V

-1 -1
sin (1 - {x}) cos (1 - {x})
204. Let f(x) = then find lt f(x) & lt f(x) (here { } is fractional part)
2{x} . (1 - {x}) 0-
+
x® 0 x®

2 1/x 2
205. If lt (1 + x ln(1 + b )) = 2b sin q
,b>0&q
(-p
Î ,p
] then find the value of q
.
x®
0

COMPREHENSION : P
UR SH

206. Read the following piece of information carefully : A circular arc PQ of radius 1

1 subtends on angle of x radians, 0 < x < as shown in the adjacent figure.

p O x R
The point R is the intersection of the two tangents lines at points P and Q of the
1
arc. O is the centre of the circle from which the arc is cut. Let us define the
Q
following functions :
S(x) = area of the sector OPQ ; T(x) = area of the triangle PQR ; U(x) = area of the shaded region

(i) S'(p
4)
has value (a) p /4 (b) p /8 (c) 1 (d) 1/2
I

The expression for T(x) is (a) tan ( ) (b) tan ( ) . sin ( ) (c) tan ( ) sin ( )
x x x 1 x x 2 2
(ii) (d) N.O.T.
2 2 2 2 2 2
AN H

x
(iii) For the domain 0 < x < , the root of the equation
p - U(x) = T(x) is (a) p
/4 (b) p
/3 (c) p
/2 (d) 3p
/4
2
U(x) (a) 1 (b) 3/2 (c) 2/3 (d) 1/2
(iv) The value of the limit Lim+ =
0 T(x)
x®
AS

Answers : (196) 1 (199) 6/7 (199) (i) -1 (ii) 0 (201) '0' (202) -1/2 and -1 (203) a = 2, L = 1/64

(204) p
/2 & p
/2 2 (205) + p
/2 (206) (i) d (ii) b (iii) c (iv) c