CHAPTER- 04

PRACTICE PAPER
 Answer ALL questions.
1 The table gives the percentage composition by mass of human breast milk, and of
cow’s milk.

(a) Discuss whether cow’s milk is a suitable alternative to breast milk for young babies.
Use data from the table and your own knowledge to support your answer.

(6)

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(b) Human breast milk may contain insufficient vitamin D for a growing child.
Give two ways that additional vitamin D could be provided for the child.
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(c) Describe how a sample of cow’s milk could be tested for protein.
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 (Total for Question 1 = 10 marks)
2 (a) The diagram shows part of the human digestive system.

(b) The liver produces bile.

Explain the role of bile in digestion.
(3)
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(c) Some people have a condition called coeliac disease.
In this condition the body reacts to eating gluten, a protein found in wheat.
This reaction damages the villi in the small intestine.
The diagram shows how the villi in the small intestine are damaged.

(i) Explain how the undamaged villi are adapted for their function.
(4)
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(ii) Explain why children with untreated coeliac disease may grow more slowly
and become tired more easily than children without coeliac disease.
Use the information from the diagram and your own knowledge to support
your answer.
(4)
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(Total for Question 2 = 13 marks)
3 Complex carbohydrates are broken down in the human digestive system.
(a) Name the elements present in a carbohydrate molecule.
(1)

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(b) Starch and glucose are carbohydrates found in living organisms.
Complete the table to show some of the properties of starch and glucose.
Insert a tick (ü) if the property applies or a cross (û) if it does not.
(5)

(c) (i) Describe how you could test for the presence of glucose in a substance.
(2)
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(ii) Give two safety precautions you would take when carrying out the test.
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(Total for Question 3 = 10 marks)

4 The diagram shows the human digestive system.

(a) Use letters from the diagram to answer these questions.

Each answer may be one letter or more than one letter.
(3)
(i) Where is amylase made? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii) Where are faeces stored? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(iii) Where is protein digested? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b) Describe and explain how the structure of the small intestine is adapted for
absorbing digested food.
(5)
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(c) A balanced diet is important to maintain good health.
(i) Suggest the consequences of having a diet that lacks fresh fruit and fibre.
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(ii) Suggest the consequences of having a diet that contains too much fat.
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(Total for Question 4 = 13 marks)
5 The diagram shows parts of the human digestive system.

(a) Describe how food passes from the mouth to the stomach.
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(b) Explain what happens to protein in the stomach.
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(c) Gluten is a protein found in wheat.
In some people, the lining of the small intestine can be damaged by gluten. This
causes a condition called coeliac disease.
The diagram shows the lining of the small intestine of a child unaffected by
gluten and a child with coeliac disease.

Suggest how coeliac disease could affect the growth of a child.

(4)
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(Total for question 5 = 10 marks)
6 Squirrels are animals that live in woodland. They feed on nuts produced by the trees.
The diagram shows a squirrel eating a nut.

(a) Describe a method you could use to show that the nut contains fat.
(3)
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(b) The table lists substances found in two types of nut, A and B.
The mass of each substance is given in milligram per gram of nut.

(i) Explain the role of fibre in the squirrel’s diet.

(2)
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(ii) Explain which nut is better at helping the squirrel make red blood cells.
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(iii) Nut A has a mass of 28.0 grams.
Calculate the total mass of carbohydrate in this nut.
(2)

total mass of carbohydrate = . . . . . . . . . . . . grams

(c) The graphs show the number of squirrels, foxes and trees in a woodland in 2010 and in
2018.

Discuss possible reasons why there is a decrease in the number of squirrels from
2010 to 2018.
Use information from the graphs and your own knowledge in your answer.
(5)
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(Total for Question 6 = 14 marks)
7 (a) A student is given two samples of carbohydrates.
He tests to see if one is glucose and the other one is starch.
Describe the two chemical tests he should use to identify each carbohydrate.
(4)
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(b) Different groups of organism store carbohydrate as different molecules.
Complete the table to show an example from each group of organisms and the
molecule they use to store carbohydrate. (4)

(Total for Question 7 = 8 marks)

8 In digestion large food molecules are broken down into small food molecules by
enzymes.
(a) Use this information to complete the table. (5)
 (Total for Question 8 = 5 marks)
9 A calorimeter is a piece of apparatus used to calculate the energy content of a food
sample.
The diagram shows a calorimeter.

Food is placed in the dish and burnt in air with high levels of oxygen.
The temperature rise of the water is measured using the thermometer.
The energy content of the food is measured in joules per gram of food.
(a) (i) The oxygen gas inlet allows the food to burn in air with high levels of oxygen.
Suggest why this gives a more accurate value of the energy content than
burning food in normal air.
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(ii) Suggest why the calorimeter has an insulated outer container.
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(b) Table 1 shows the mass of fat in five different types of food. The mass is measured in
grams of fat per 100 grams of each food.

A student measures the energy content of the five different foods.

Table 2 shows her results.

The student wrote three conclusions in her notebook.

(i) The student is wrong to believe that ‘the energy in food is all contained in fat’.
Name two other large insoluble molecules in food that contain energy.
(2)
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(ii) Explain whether the student’s results support her conclusion that food with
more fat contains more energy.
(1)
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(iii) The student states that her results are reliable because she did not get an anomaly.
What is meant by the term anomaly?
(1)
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(Total for Question 9 = 7 marks)
10. A student adds oil (lipid) to water.
He then puts drops of the mixture onto a microscope slide.
The diagram shows oil droplets floating on the water, as seen using a microscope.

The student then adds different solutions to four separate samples of oil droplets
floating on the water.
Diagrams A, B and C show the possible appearance of the oil droplets after each
solution is added.
(a) (i) The table lists the solutions added to the oil and water mixture.
Complete the table to show which diagram the mixture would look like after
each solution is added.
You may use each letter once, more than once or not at all.
One has been done for you.
(3)

(ii) Explain why no droplets are seen after bile and lipase solution is added to the
oil and water mixture.
(4)
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(b) Starch is digested in the small intestine. The small intestine contains many
structures that absorb glucose.
The diagram shows one of these structures.

(i) Name this structure.

(1)
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(ii) Explain how this structure is adapted to absorb glucose.

(5)
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(Total for Question 1 = 13 marks)

11(a) The table contains names and descriptions of processes involved in the digestive
system.
Complete the table by filling in the missing names and descriptions. (5)

(b) Describe the process of digestion in the mouth.

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(c) A student carried out some food tests on two samples of food, A and B. The table
shows the results.

The student concluded that both samples of food contained carbohydrates.

Do you agree with this conclusion?
Give reasons for your answer.
(2)
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(Total for Question 4 = 10 marks)

12 The Bristol scale is used to classify human faeces. It is used to help diagnose
patients who have problems with their alimentary canal.

(a) Suggest why a patient might produce Type 1 faeces.

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(b) Suggest why a patient might produce Type 7 faeces.

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(c) Describe how food is moved through the gut.

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(d) Name the part of the gut where faeces are

(i) stored
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(ii) expelled
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(e) Explain how egestion differs from excretion.

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(Total For Question 5 = 11 marks)

MARKSCHEME
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