DASMESH GROUP OF SCHOOLS

FARIDKOT/KOTKAPURA/BARGARI

QUESTION BANK
Term-II VIII-MATHS Nov.-2023

Chapter-12 (Factorisation)
Ex. : 12.1
1. Find the highest common factor in each of the following:
(i) 12x, 36
Sol. 12x=223x
36= 2233
Highest common factor = 223=12

(viii) 3x2y3, 10x3y2, 6x2y2z

Sol. 3x 2 y 3 = 3. x. x. y. y. y
10𝑥 3 𝑦 2 = 25. x. x. x. y. y
6𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑧 = 23. x. x. y. y. z
Highest Common factor of 3x2y3, 10x3y2, 6x2y2z
= x2y2 Ans.
2. Factorise the following expressions.
(i) 7x - 42 1
= 7 (x - 6) Ans.

(ii) 10a2 - 15b2 + 20c2 1

= 5 (2a2 - 3b2 + 4c2) Ans.
3. Factorise:
i) x2 + xy + 8x + 8y 1½
= (x2 + xy) + (8x + 8y) (by regrouping)
= x (x + y) + 8 (x + y)
= (x + y) (x + 8) Ans.

iv) 15pq+15+9q+25p=15pq+9q+25p+15
= 3q (5p+3)+5 (5p+3)
= (5p+3) (3q+5)
Ex. : 12.2
1. Factorise the following expressions:
(i) a2 + 8a + 16 [by using identity (a+b)2 = (a2 + 2ab + b2 ] 1½
= (a)2 + 2  a 4 + (4)2
= (a+4)2
= (a+4) (a+4) Ans.
(v) 4x2 - 8x + 4 1½
= 4 (x2 - 2x + 1)
= 4 [x2 - 2x .1 +12)
= 4 (x - 1)2 (using the identity (a-b)2 = a2-2ab+b2)
2. Factorise:
(ii) 63a2 - 112b2 1½
= 7 (9a2 - 16b2)
= 7 [ (3a)2 - (4b)2 ] By using identity (a2 -b2) = (a-b) (a+b)
= 7 (3a + 4b) (3a - 4b) Ans.
(v) (l + m)2 - (l -m)2 2
= [ (l +m) + (l -m) ] [(l +m) - (l -m)] 2 2
By using identity (a -b )= (a+b) (a-b)
= [l + m + l - m] [l+m-l+m]
= 2l x 2m
= 4lm Ans. OR

[l + m)2 - (l-m)2
= (l2 + m2 + 2lm) - (l2 + m2 - 2lm)
= l2 + m2 + 2lm - l2 - m2 + 2lm
= 4lm Ans.
(viii) 25a2 - 4b2 + 28bc - 49c2 by using identity (a-b)2 = a2 + b2 - 2ab 2½
= 25a2 - (4b2 - 28bc + 49c2)
= (5a)2 - [ (2b)2 - 2 x 2b x 7c + (7c)2 ]
= (5a)2 - (2b - 7c)2 [ ∵ (a2 - b2) = (a + b) (a - b)]
= (5a + 2b - 7c) (5a - 2b + 7c) Ans.
3. Factorise the expression:
(i) ax2 + bx 1
= x (ax + b) Ans.

(vii) 5y2 - 20y - 8z + 2yz 2

= (5y2 - 20y) + (2yz-8z)
= 5y (y-4) + 2z (y - 4)
= (y-4) (5y + 2z) Ans.
4. Factorise :
(i) (a4 - b4) 2
= (a2)2 - (b2)2
= (a2 - b2) (a2 + b2) by using identity (a2-b2) = (a + b) (a-b)
= (a + b) (a - b) (a2 + b2) Ans.

(iii) x4 - (y + z)4 2
= (x2)2 - [(y + z)2]2
= [x2 + (y + z)2] [ x2 - (y + z)2] by using identity(a2-b2) = (a + b) (a-b)
= [x2 + (y + z)2] [(x+y+z) (x - y - z) ] Ans.

(iv) x4 - (x-z)4 by using identity (a2-b2) = (a + b) (a-b) 2

= (x2)2 - [ (x-z)2 ]2
= [ x2 + (x-z)2 ] [x2 - (x-z)2 ]
= [ x2 + x2 + z2 - 2xz ] [ (x + x - z) (x - x + z)]
= (2x2 + z2 - 2xz) (2x-z) z Ans.
5. Factorise the following expressions
(i) We use the identity (x+a) (x+b) = x2 + (a+b)x+ab 2
 Here a + b = 6 ab = 8
So a = 4 and b =2
p2 + 6p + 8 = p2+(4+2)p+42
= (p + 4) (p + 2) Ans.
(iii) Here we use the identity (x+a) (x+b) = x2 + (a+b)x+ab 2
a+b = 6 and ab = -16
So, a = 8, b = -2
p2 + 6p - 16
=p2+[8+(-2)]p+8(-2)
= (p + 8) (p-2) Ans.
Alternate method (Splitting the middle term)
p2+6p16
=p2+8p2p16
=p (p+8)2(p+8)
= (p+8) (p2)

Ex. : 12.3
1. Carry out the following divisions: 1
34𝑥 3 𝑦 3 𝑧 3 ÷ 51𝑥𝑦 2 𝑧 3
34𝑥 3 𝑦 3 𝑧 3 34
= = 𝑥 3−1 𝑦 3−2 𝑧 3−3
51𝑥𝑦 2 𝑧 3 51
2
= 𝑥 2 𝑦 Ans.
3
2. Divide the polynomial by the given monomial. 2
8 (x3 y2 z2 + x2 y3 z2 + x2 y2 z3) ÷ 4x2 y2 z2
8 (𝑥 3 𝑦 2 𝑧 2 +𝑥 2 𝑦 3 𝑧 2 +𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑧 3 )
=
4𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑧 2
2 (𝑥 3 𝑦 2 𝑧 2 +𝑥 2 𝑦 3 𝑧 2 +𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑧 3 )
=
𝑥 2𝑦 2𝑧 2
𝑥 3𝑦 2𝑧 2 𝑥 2𝑦 3𝑧 2 𝑥 2𝑦 2𝑧 3
=2 + +
𝑥 2𝑦 2𝑧 2 𝑥 2𝑦 2𝑧 2 𝑥 2𝑦 2𝑧 2
= 2 (x + y + z) Ans.
3. (v) Work out the following divisions 96 abc (3a – 12) (5b - 30) ÷ 144 (a - 4) (b - 6) 2
96𝑎𝑏𝑐 3𝑎 −12 (5𝑏−30)
144 𝑎−4 (𝑏−6)
2𝑎𝑏𝑐 .3 𝑎−4 .5 (𝑏−6)
= 3 𝑎−4 (𝑏−6)
= 10abc Ans.
4. Divide as directed: 1½
(iii) 52 pqr ( p + q) (q + r) (r + p) ÷ 104pq (q + r) (r + p)
52 𝑝𝑞𝑟 𝑝+𝑞 𝑞+𝑟 (𝑟+𝑝)
= 104 𝑝𝑞 𝑞+𝑟 (𝑟+𝑝)
= ½ r (p + q) Ans.
(iv) 20 (y + 4) (y2 + 5y + 3) ÷ 5 (y + 4) 1
20 𝑦 +4 (𝑦 2 +5𝑦 +3)
=
5(𝑦 +4)
2
= 4 (y + 5y + 3) Ans.
5. Factorise the expressions and divide them as directed:
(i) (y2 + 7y + 10) ÷ (y + 5) 2
(𝑦 2 +5𝑦 +2𝑦 +10)
=
𝑦 +5
𝑦 2 +5𝑦 + (2𝑦 +10)
=
𝑦 +5
𝑦 𝑦 +5 +2 (𝑦+5)
=
𝑦 +5
𝑦 +5 (𝑦 +2)
=
𝑦 +5
= y + 2 Ans.
(vii) 39y3 (50y2-98) ÷ 26y2 (5y + 7) 3
39𝑦 3 (50𝑦 2 −98)
=
26𝑦 2 (5𝑦 +7)
3𝑦 . 2 (25𝑦 2 −49)
=
2 (5𝑦 +7)
3𝑦 [ 5𝑦 2 − 7 2 ]
=
5𝑦 +7
3𝑦 5𝑦 −7 (5𝑦 +7)
= using identity (a+b) (a-b) = a2 - b2
5𝑦 +7
= 3y (5y-7) Ans.