User’s Manual

HEIDENHAIN
Conversational Format

iTNC 530

NC Software
606420-04 SP8
606421-04 SP8
606424-04 SP8
606425-04 SP8

English (en)
3/2016
Controls of the TNC Program/file management, TNC functions
Keys on visual display unit Key Function
Key Function Select or delete programs and files,
external data transfer
Select split screen layout
Define program call, select datum and
point tables
Toggle the display between machining
and programming modes
Select MOD functions
Soft keys for selecting functions on
screen
Display help text for NC error messages,
call TNCguide
Shift between soft-key rows
Display all current error messages

Alphanumeric keyboard
Show calculator
Key Function
File names, comments
Navigation keys
ISO programming Key Function
Move highlight

Machine operating modes

Go directly to blocks, cycles and
Key Function
parameter functions
Manual Operation
Potentiometer for feed rate and spindle speed
Electronic Handwheel Feed rate Spindle speed

100 100
smarT.NC

50 150 50 150
Positioning with Manual Data Input
F % S %
0 0
Program Run, Single Block
Cycles, subprograms and program section repeats
Program Run, Full Sequence Key Function
Define touch probe cycles
Programming modes
Key Function Define and call cycles
Programming and Editing
Enter and call labels for
subprogramming and program section
Test Run repeats

Enter program stop in a program

Tool functions Coordinate axes and numbers: Entering and editing
Key Function Key Function
Define tool data in the program Select coordinate axes or
... enter them into the program

Call tool data Numbers

...

Programming path movements Decimal point / Reverse algebraic sign

Key Function
Polar coordinate input / Incremental
Approach/depart contour values

Q-parameter programming /
FK free contour programming Q parameter status

Save actual position or values from

Linear calculator

Skip dialog questions, delete words

Circle center/pole for polar coordinates

Confirm entry and resume dialog

Circular arc with center

Conclude block and exit entry

Circle with radius

Clear numerical entry or TNC error

Circular arc with tangential connection message

Abort dialog, delete program section

Chamfer/Corner rounding

Special functions / smarT.NC

Key Function
Show special functions

smarT.NC: Select next tab on form

smarT.NC: Select first input field in

previous/next frame
 About this manual
About this manual
The symbols used in this manual are described below.

This symbol indicates that important information about the

function described must be considered.

This symbol indicates that there is one or more of the

following risks when using the described function:
 Danger to workpiece
 Danger to fixtures
 Danger to tool
 Danger to machine
 Danger to operator

This symbol indicates that the described function must be

adapted by the machine tool builder. The function
described may therefore vary depending on the machine.

This symbol indicates that you can find detailed

information about a function in another manual.

Would you like any changes, or have you found

any errors?
We are continuously striving to improve our documentation for you.
Please help us by sending your requests to the following e-mail
address: [email protected].

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 5

TNC model, software and features

TNC model, software and features

This manual describes functions and features provided by TNCs as of
the following NC software numbers.

TNC model NC software number

iTNC 530, HSCI and HEROS 5 606420-04 SP8

iTNC 530 E, HSCI and HEROS 5 606421-04 SP8

iTNC 530 programming station, 606424-04 SP8

HEROS 5

iTNC 530 programming station, 606425-04 SP8

HEROS 5 for virtualization software

The suffix E indicates the export version of the TNC. The export
versions of the TNC have the following limitations:
 Simultaneous linear movement in up to 4 axes
HSCI (HEIDENHAIN Serial Controller Interface) identifies the new
hardware platform of the TNC controls.
HEROS 5 identifies the operating system of HSCI-based TNC controls.
The machine tool builder adapts the usable features of the TNC to his
machine by setting machine parameters. Some of the functions
described in this manual may therefore not be among the features
provided by the TNC on your machine tool.
TNC functions that may not be available on your machine include:
 Tool measurement with the TT
Please contact your machine tool builder to become familiar with the
features of your machine.
Many machine manufacturers, as well as HEIDENHAIN, offer
programming courses for the TNCs. We recommend these courses as
an effective way of improving your programming skill and sharing
information and ideas with other TNC users.

User's Manual for Cycle Programming:

All of the cycle functions (touch probe cycles and fixed
cycles) are described in a separate manual. Please contact
HEIDENHAIN if you require a copy of this User's Manual.
ID: 670388-xx

smarT.NC user documentation:

The smarT.NC operating mode is described in a separate
Pilot. Please contact HEIDENHAIN if you require a copy of
this Pilot. ID: 533191-xx.

6
 TNC model, software and features
Software options
The iTNC 530 features various software options that can be enabled
by you or your machine tool builder. Each option is to be enabled
separately and contains the following respective functions:

Software option 1
Cylinder surface interpolation (Cycles 27, 28, 29 and 39)

Feed rate in mm/min for rotary axes: M116

Tilting the machining plane (Cycle 19, PLANE function and 3-D ROT
soft key in the Manual Operation mode)

Circular in 3 axes with tilted working plane

Software option 2
5-axis interpolation

Spline interpolation

3-D machining:
 M114: Automatic compensation of machine geometry when
working with tilted axes
 M128: Maintaining the position of the tool tip when positioning
with swivel axes (TCPM)
 FUNCTION TCPM: Maintaining the position of the tool tip when
positioning with tilted axes (TCPM) in selectable modes
 M144: Compensating the machine’s kinematic configuration for
ACTUAL/NOMINAL positions at end of block
 Additional parameters for finishing/roughing and tolerance
for rotary axes in Cycle 32 (G62)
 LN blocks (3-D compensation)

DCM Collision software option Description

Function that monitors areas defined by the Page 406
machine manufacturer to prevent collisions.

DXF Converter software option Description

Extract contours and machining positions Page 274
from DXF files (R12 format).

Global Program Settings software option Description

Function for superimposing coordinate Page 425
transformations in the Program Run modes,
handwheel superimposed traverse in virtual
axis direction.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 7

TNC model, software and features

AFC software option Description

Function for adaptive feed-rate control for Page 440
optimizing the machining conditions during
series production.

KinematicsOpt software option Description

Touch-probe cycles for inspecting and User’s Manual for
optimizing the machine accuracy Cycles

3D-ToolComp software option Description

3-D radius compensation depending on the Page 536
tool’s contact angle for LN blocks.

Expanded Tool Management software

Description
option
Tool management that can be changed by the Page 205
machine manufacturer using Python scripts

Interpolation turning software option Description

Interpolation turning of a shoulder with Cycle User’s Manual for
290. Cycles

CAD Viewer software option Description

Opening of 3-D models on the control Page 292

Remote Desktop Manager software

Description
option
Remote operation of external computer units Machine Manual
(e.g. a Windows PC) via the user interface of
the TNC

8
 TNC model, software and features
Cross Talk Compensation software option
Description
(CTC)
Compensation of axis couplings Machine Manual

Position Adaptive Control (PAC) software

Description
option
Adaptation of control parameters Machine Manual

Load Adaptive Control (LAC) software

Description
option
Dynamic changing of control parameters Machine Manual

Active Chatter Control (ACC) software

Description
option
Fully automatic function for chatter control Machine Manual
during machining

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 9

TNC model, software and features

Feature content level (upgrade functions)

Along with software options, significant further improvements of the
TNC software are managed via the Feature Content Level upgrade
functions. Functions subject to the FCL are not available simply by
updating the software on your TNC.

All upgrade functions are available to you without surcharge

when you receive a new machine.

Upgrade functions are identified in the manual with FCL n, where n

indicates the sequential number of the feature content level.
You can purchase a code number in order to permanently enable the
FCL functions. For more information, contact your machine tool
builder or HEIDENHAIN.

FCL 4 functions Description

Graphical depiction of the protected Page 410
space when DCM collision monitoring is
active

Handwheel superimposition in stopped Page 409

condition when DCM collision
monitoring is active

3-D basic rotation (set-up Machine Manual

compensation)

FCL 3 functions Description

Touch probe cycle for 3-D probing User’s Manual for
Cycles

Touch probe cycles for automatic datum User’s Manual for

setting using the center of a slot/ridge Cycles

Feed-rate reduction for the machining of User’s Manual for

contour pockets with the tool being in Cycles
full contact with the workpiece

PLANE function: Entry of axis angle Page 504

User documentation as a context- Page 170

sensitive help system

smarT.NC: Programming of smarT.NC Page 131

and machining can be carried out
simultaneously

smarT.NC: Contour pocket on point smarT.NC Pilot

pattern

smarT.NC: Preview of contour smarT.NC Pilot

programs in the file manager

10
 TNC model, software and features
FCL 3 functions Description
smarT.NC: Positioning strategy for smarT.NC Pilot
machining point patterns

FCL 2 functions Description

3-D line graphics Page 162

Virtual tool axis Page 622

USB block devices supported (memory Page 141

sticks, hard disks, CD-ROM drives)

Filtering of externally created contours Page 455

Possibility of assigning different depths User’s Manual for

to each subcontour in the contour Cycles
formula

Touch-probe cycle for global setting of Touch Probe Cycles

touch-probe parameters User's Manual

smarT.NC: Graphic support of block smarT.NC Pilot

scan

smarT.NC: Coordinate transformation smarT.NC Pilot

smarT.NC: PLANE function smarT.NC Pilot

Intended place of operation

The TNC complies with the limits for a Class A device in accordance
with the specifications in EN 55022, and is intended for use primarily
in industrially-zoned areas.

Legal information
This product uses open source software. Further information is
available on the control under
 Programming and Editing operating mode
 MOD function
 LEGAL INFORMATION SOFT KEY

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 11

New functions in version 60642x-01 since the predecessor version 34049x-05

New functions in version 60642x-01

since the predecessor version
34049x-05
 Opening and editing of externally created files has been added (see
"Additional tools for management of external file types" on page 146)
 New functions in the task bar have been added (see "Task bar" on
page 96)
 Enhanced functions for configuration of the Ethernet interface (see
"Configuring the TNC" on page 671)
 Improvements regarding functional safety FS (option):
 General information on functional safety (FS) (see "Miscellaneous"
on page 581)
 Explanation of terms (see "Explanation of terms" on page 582)
 Checking the axis positions (see "Checking the axis positions" on
page 583)
 Activating feed-rate limitation (see "Activating feed-rate limitation"
on page 585)
 Improvements regarding the general status view of a TNC with
functional safety (see "Additional status displays" on page 585)
 The new HR 520 and HR 550 FS handwheels are supported (see
"Traversing with electronic handwheels" on page 569)
 New software option 3-D ToolComp: 3-D tool radius compensation
depending on the tool’s contact angle on blocks with surface normal
vectors (LN blocks, see "3-D tool radius compensation depending on
the tool’s contact angle (3D-ToolComp software option)", page 536)
 3-D line graphics now also possible in full-screen mode (see "3-D line
graphics (FCL2 function)" on page 162)
 A file selection dialog for selecting files in different NC functions and
in the table view of the pallet table is available now (see "Calling any
program as a subprogram" on page 301)
 DCM: Saving and restoring of fixture situations
 DCM: The form for test program generation now also contains icons
and tooltips (see "Checking the position of the measured fixture" on
page 417)
 DCM, FixtureWizard: Touch points and probing sequence are shown
more clearly now
 DCM, FixtureWizard: Designations, touch points and measuring
points can be shown or hidden as desired (see "Operating
FixtureWizard" on page 414)
 DCM, FixtureWizard: Chucking equipment and insertion points can
now also be selected by mouse click
 DCM: A library with standard chucking equipment is available now
(see "Fixture templates" on page 413)
 DCM: Tool carrier management (see "Tool-carrier management
(DCM software option)" on page 422)
 In the Test Run mode, the working plane can now be defined
manually (see "Setting a tilted working plane for the test run" on
page 646)

12
 In Manual mode the RW-3D mode for position display is now also

New functions in version 60642x-01 since the predecessor version 34049x-05

available (see "Position display types" on page 685)
 Entries in the tool table TOOL.T (see "Tool table: Standard tool data"
on page 182):
 New DR2TABLE column for definition of a compensation table for
tool radius compensation depending on the tool’s contact angle
 New LAST_USE column, into which the TNC enters the date and
time of the last tool call
 Q-parameter programming: QS string parameters can now also be
used for jump addresses of conditional jumps, subprograms or
program section repeats (see "Calling a subprogram", page 298, see
"Calling a program section repeat", page 299 and see "Programming
if-then decisions", page 325)
 The generation of tool usage lists in the Program Run modes can be
configured in a form (see "Settings for the tool usage test" on page
202)
 The behavior during deletion of tools from the tool table can now be
influenced via machine parameter 7263 see "Editing tool tables",
page 189
 In the positioning mode TURN of the PLANE function you can now
define a clearance height to which the tool is to be retracted before
tilting to tool axis direction (see "Automatic positioning:
MOVE/TURN/STAY (entry is mandatory)" on page 506)
 The following additional functions are now available in the expanded
tool management (see "Tool management (software option)" on
page 205):
 Columns with special functions are also editable now
 The form view of the tool data can now be exited with or without
saving changed values
 The table view now offers a search function
 Indexed tools are now shown correctly in the form view
 The tool sequence list includes more detailed information now
 The loading and unloading list of the tool magazine can now be
loaded and unloaded by drag and drop
 Columns in the table view can be moved simply by drag and drop

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 13

  Several special functions (SPEC FCT) are now available in the MDI
New functions in version 60642x-01 since the predecessor version 34049x-05

operating mode (see "Programming and executing simple machining

operations" on page 624)
 There is a new manual probing cycle that can be used to
compensate workpiece misalignments by rotating the rotary table
(see "Workpiece alignment using 2 points" on page 607)
 New touch probe cycle for calibrating a touch probe by means of a
calibration sphere (see User's Manual for Cycle Programming)
 KinematicsOpt: Better support for positioning of Hirth-coupled axes
(see User's Manual for Cycle Programming)
 KinematicsOpt: An additional parameter for determination of the
backlash in a rotary axis was introduced (see User's Manual for
Cycle Programming)
 New Cycle 275 for Trochoidal Slot Milling (see User’s Manual for
Cycle Programming)
 In Cycle 241 "Single-Fluted Deep-Hole Drilling" it is now possible to
define a dwell depth (see User's Manual for Cycle Programming)
 The approach and departure behavior of Cycle 39 "Cylinder Surface
Contour" can now be adjusted (see User's Manual for Cycle
Programming)

14
 New functions in version 60642x-02
New functions in version 60642x-02
 New function for opening 3-D data (software option) directly on the
TNC (see "Opening 3-D CAD data (software option)" page 292 ff)
 Improvement of Dynamic Collision Monitoring (DCM):
 Chucking equipment archives can now be activated (see "Loading
fixtures under program control" on page 421) and deactivated (see
"Deactivating fixtures under program control" on page 421) under
program control
 The display of stepped tools has been improved
 When you select tool carrier kinematics, the TNC now displays a
graphical preview of the carrier kinematics (see "Assigning the
tool-carrier kinematics" on page 192)
 Extension of the functions for multiple axis machining:
 In the Manual Operation mode you can now move the axes even
if TCPM and Tilt Working Plane are active at the same time
 You can now also change tools when M128/FUNCTION TCPM is active
 File management: archiving of files in ZIP archives (see "Archiving
files" page 144 ff)
 The nesting depth for program calls has been increased from 6 to 10
(see "Nesting depth" on page 302)
 smarT.NC units can now be inserted anywhere in plain-language
programs (see "smartWizard" on page 461)
 There is now a search function based on tool names available in the
tool selection pop-up window (see "Search for tool names in the
selection window" on page 198)
 Improvements in pallet machining:
 The new column FIXTURE has been added to the pallet table to be
able to activate fixtures automatically (see "Pallet operation with
tool-oriented machining" page 550 ff)
 The new workpiece status SKIP has been added to the pallet table
(see "Setting up the pallet level" page 556 ff)
 If a tool sequence list is created for a pallet table, the TNC now
also checks whether all the NC programs of the pallet table are
available (see "Calling the tool management" on page 205)

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 15

  The new host computer operation was introduced (see "Host
New functions in version 60642x-02

computer operation" on page 698)

 The SELinux security software is available (see "SELinux security
software" on page 97)
 Improvements to the DXF converter:
 Contours can now also be extracted from .H files (see "Data
transfer from plain-language programs" on page 290)
 Preselected contours can now also be selected in the tree
structure (see "Selecting and saving a contour" on page 280)
 A snap function facilitates contour selection
 Extended status display (see "Basic settings" on page 276)
 Adjustable background color (see "Basic settings" on page 276)
 Display can be changed between 2-D and 3-D (see "Basic settings"
on page 276)
 Improvements to the global program settings (GS):
 All the form data can now be set and reset under program control
(see "Technical requirements" on page 427)
 Handwheel superimposition value VT can be reset when tool is
changed (see "Virtual axis VT" on page 435)
 If the Swapping Axes function is active, it is now permitted to
position to machine-based positions on the axes that have not
been swapped
 Using the new SEL PGM function you can assign variable program
names via QS string parameters call them with CALL SELECTED (see
"Defining a program call" on page 460)
 Improvements to the tool table TOOL.T:
 Using the FIND ACTIVE TOOL NAMES soft key you can check
whether identical tool names are defined in the tool table (see
"Editing tool tables" page 189 ff)
 The input range of the delta values DL, DR and DR2 was increased
to 999.9999 mm (see "Tool table: Standard tool data" page 182 ff)
 The following additional functions are now available in the expanded
tool management (see "Tool management (software option)" on
page 205):
 Importing of tool data in CSV format (see "Importing tool data" on
page 210)
 Exporting of tool data in CSV format (see "Exporting tool data" on
page 212)
 Marking and deleting of selectable tool data (see "Deleting marked
tool data" on page 213)
 Inserting of tool indices (see "Operating the tool management" on
page 207)

16
 New Cycle 225 ENGRAVING (see User’s Manual for Cycle

New functions in version 60642x-02

Programming)
 New Cycle 276 CONTOUR TRAIN (see User’s Manual for Cycle
Programming)
 New Cycle 290 INTERPOLATION TURNING (software option, see
User’s Manual for Cycle Programming)
 In the thread milling cycles 26x a separate feed rate is now available
for tangential approach to the thread (see User’s Manual for Cycle
Programming)
 The following improvements were made to the KinematicsOpt
cycles (see User’s Manual for Conversational Programming):
 Newer, faster optimization algorithm
 It is no longer necessary to run a separate measurement series for
position optimization after angle optimization
 Return of the offset errors (change of machine datum) to the
parameters Q147-149
 More plane measuring points for ball measurement
 Rotary axes that are not configured are ignored by the TNC when
executing the cycle

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 17

New functions in version 60642x-03

New functions in version 60642x-03

 New software option Active Chatter Control (ACC)(see "Active
Chatter Control (ACC—software option)" on page 451)
 Improvement of Dynamic Collision Monitoring (DCM):
 For the NC syntax SEL FIXTURE, the software now supports a
selection window with file preview for selecting saved fixtures
(see "Loading fixtures under program control" on page 421)
 The nesting depth for program calls has been increased from 10 to
30 (see "Nesting depth" on page 302)
 When using the second Ethernet interface for a machine network,
you can now also configure a DHCP server to provide the machines
with dynamic IP addresses (see "General network settings" page
672 ff)
 Machine parameter 7268.x can now be used to arrange or hide
columns in the datum table (see "List of general user parameters"
page 705 ff)
 The SEQ switch of the PLANE function can now also be assigned a
Q parameter (see "Selection of alternate tilting possibilities: SEQ +/–
(entry optional)" on page 509)
 Improvements to the NC editor:
 Saving a program (see "Deliberately saving changes" on page 115)
 Saving a program under another name (see "Saving a program to
a new file" on page 116)
 Canceling changes (see "Undoing changes" on page 116)
 Improvements to the DXF converter: (see "DXF data processing
(software option)" page 274 ff)
 Improvements to the status bar
 The DXF converter saves various pieces of information when it is
exited and restores them when it is recalled
 The desired file format can now be selected when saving
contours and points
 Machining positions can now be saved in plain-language programs
 DXF converter now in new look and feel if the DXF file is directly
opened via the file management

18
 Improvements to the file management:

New functions in version 60642x-03

 A preview function is now available in the file management (see
"Calling the file manager" on page 127)
 Additional setting possibilities are available in the file
management (see "Adapting the file manager" on page 142)
 Improvements to the global program settings (GS):
 The limit plane function is now available (see "Limit plane" on page
436)
 Improvements to the tool table TOOL.T:
 The contents of table rows can be copied and pasted by using soft
keys or shortcuts (see "Editing functions" on page 190)
 The new column ACC was introduced (see "Tool table: Standard
tool data" on page 182)
 The following additional functions are now available in the expanded
tool management:
 Graphic depiction of tool type in the table view and in the tool data
form (see "Tool management (software option)" on page 205)
 New function REFRESH VIEW for reinitializing a view if the data
stock is inconsistent (see "Operating the tool management" on
page 207)
 New function "Fill in the table" during the import of tool data (see
"Importing tool data" on page 210)
 The additional status display now has a new tab, in which the range
limits and the actual values of handwheel superimpositions are
displayed (see "Information on handwheel superimpositioning (POS
HR tab)" on page 91)
 A preview image that can be used to graphically select the startup
position is now available for mid-program startup in a point table (see
"Mid-program startup (block scan)" on page 653)
 With Cycle 256 RECTANGULAR STUD, a parameter is now available
with which you can determine the approach position on the stud
(see User's Manual for Cycle Programming).
 With Cycle 257, CIRCULAR STUD, a parameter is now available
with which you can determine the approach position on the stud
(see User's Manual for Cycle Programming)

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 19

New functions in version 60642x-04

New functions in version 60642x-04

 A new NC syntax was introduced for controlling the AFC function
(adaptive feed control) (see "Recording a teach-in cut" on page 443)
 You can now use the global program settings to perform handwheel
impositioning in a tilted coordinate system (see "Handwheel
superimposition" on page 434)
 Tool names in the TOOL CALL block can now also be called via QS
string parameters (see "Calling tool data" on page 197)
 The nesting depth for program calls has been increased from 10 to
30 (see "Nesting depth" on page 302)
 The new column ACC was introduced (see "Tool table: Standard
tool data" on page 182)
 The following new columns are available in the tool table:
 Column OVRTIME: Definition of the maximum possible violation of
the tool life (see "Tool table: Standard tool data" on page 182)
 Column P4: Possibility of transferring a value to the PLC (see "Tool
table: Standard tool data" on page 182)
 Column CR: Possibility of transferring a value to the PLC (see "Tool
table: Standard tool data" on page 182)
 Column CL: Possibility of transferring a value to the PLC (see "Tool
table: Standard tool data" on page 182)
 DXF converter:
 Bookmark can be inserted when saving (see "Bookmarks" on page
281)
 Cycle 25: Automatic identification of residual material added (see
User’s Manual for Cycle Programming)
 Cycle 200: Input parameter Q359 added to allow definition of the
depth reference (see User’s Manual for Cycle Programming)
 Cycle 203: Input parameter Q359 added to allow definition of the
depth reference (see User’s Manual for Cycle Programming)
 Cycle 205: Input parameter Q208 for retraction feed rate added (see
User’s Manual for Cycle Programming)
 Cycle 205: Input parameter Q359 added to allow definition of the
depth reference (see User’s Manual for Cycle Programming)

20
 Cycle 225: Input of German umlauts is now possible; text can also

New functions in version 60642x-04

be arranged at an angle (see User’s Manual for Cycle Programming)
 Cycle 253: Input parameter Q439 for feed rate reference added (see
User’s Manual for Cycle Programming)
 Cycle 254: Input parameter Q439 for feed rate reference added (see
User’s Manual for Cycle Programming)
 Cycle 276: Automatic identification of residual material added (see
User’s Manual for Cycle Programming)
 Cycle 290: It is now also possible to machine a recess with Cycle
290 (see User’s Manual for Cycle Programming)
 Cycle 404: Input parameter Q305 added to allow saving a basic
rotation in any line of the datum table (see User’s Manual for Cycle
Programming)
 Cycle 253: With Cycle 253, Slot Milling, a parameter is now available
with which you can define the feed rate reference when machining
the slot (see User's Manual for Cycle Programming)
 Cycle 254: With Cycle 254, Circular Slot, a parameter is now
available with which you can define the feed rate reference when
machining the slot (see User's Manual for Cycle Programming)

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 21

Changed functions in version 60642x-01 since the predecessor version
34049x-05

Changed functions in version

60642x-01 since the predecessor
version 34049x-05
 Q-parameter programming: In the FN20 function WAIT FOR you can
now enter 128 characters (see "FN 20: WAIT FOR: NC and PLC
synchronization" on page 347)
 In the calibration menus for touch probe length and radius, the
number and name of the active tool are also displayed now (if the
calibration data from the tool table are to be used, MP7411 = 1, see
"Managing more than one block of calibration data", page 601)
 During tilting in the Distance-To-Go mode, the PLANE function now
shows the angle actually left to be traversed until the target position
(see "Position display" on page 491)
 The approach behavior during side finishing with Cycle 24 (DIN/ISO:
G124) was changed (see User's Manual for Cycle Programming)

22
 Changed functions in version 60642x-02
Changed functions in version
60642x-02
 Tool names can now be defined with 32 characters (see "Tool
numbers and tool names" on page 180)
 Improved and simplified operation by mouse and touchpad in all
graphics windows (see "Functions of the 3-D line graphics" on page
162)
 Various pop-up windows have been redesigned
 If you do a Test Run without calculating the machining time, the TNC
generates a tool usage file nevertheless (see "Tool usage test" on
page 202)
 The size of the Service ZIP files has been increased to 40 MB (see
"Generating service files" on page 169)
 M124 can now be deactivated by entering M124 without T (see "Do
not include points when executing non-compensated line blocks:
M124" on page 384)
 The PRESET TABLE soft key has been renamed to DATUM
MANAGEMENT
 The SAVE PRESET soft key has been renamed to SAVE ACTIVE
PRESET

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 23

Changed functions in version 60642x-03

Changed functions in version

60642x-03
 Various pop-up windows (e.g. measuring log windows, FN16
windows) have been redesigned. These windows now feature a
scroll bar and can be moved on the screen using the mouse
 A basic rotation can now also be probed with inclined rotary axes
(see "Introduction" on page 602)
 The values in the datum table are now displayed in inches if the
position display is set to INCH (see "Management of presets with the
preset table" on page 588)

24
 Changed functions in version 60642x-04
Changed functions in version
60642x-04
 DXF converter:
 The direction of a contour is now already defined by the first click
on the first contour element (see "Selecting and saving a contour"
on page 280)
 Multiple drilling positions that have already been selected can
now be deleted by drawing a rectangle around them while
pressing the CTRL key (see "Quick selection of hole positions in
an area defined by the mouse" on page 285)
 The TNC shows the drives in the file manager in a defined sequence
(see "Calling the file manager" on page 127)
 The TNC evaluates the column PITCH of the tool table in connection
with tapping cycles (see "Tool table: Standard tool data" on page 182)

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 25

 Changed functions in version 60642x-04

26
Contents First Steps with the iTNC 530
1
Introduction
2
Programming: Fundamentals, File
Management 3
Programming: Programming Aids
4
Programming: Tools
5
Programming: Programming Contours
6
Programming: Data Transfer from DXF
Files or Plain-language Contours 7
Programming: Subprograms and Program
Section Repeats 8
Programming: Q Parameters
9
Programming: Miscellaneous Functions
10
Programming: Special Functions
11
Programming: Execution of CAM
programs, multi-axis machining 12
Programming: Pallet Management
13
Manual Operation and Setup
14
Positioning with Manual Data Input
15
Test Run and Program Run
16
MOD Functions
17
Tables and Overviews
18

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 27

1 First Steps with the iTNC 530 ..... 55
1.1 Overview ..... 56
1.2 Machine switch-on ..... 57
Acknowledging the power interruption and moving to the reference points ..... 57
1.3 Programming the first part ..... 58
Selecting the correct operating mode ..... 58
The most important TNC keys ..... 58
Creating a new program/file management ..... 59
Defining a workpiece blank ..... 60
Program layout ..... 61
Programming a simple contour ..... 62
Creating a cycle program ..... 65
1.4 Graphically testing the first part ..... 68
Selecting the correct operating mode ..... 68
Selecting the tool table for the test run ..... 68
Choosing the program you want to test ..... 69
Selecting the screen layout and the view ..... 69
Starting the test run ..... 70
1.5 Setting up tools ..... 71
Selecting the correct operating mode ..... 71
Preparing and measuring tools ..... 71
The tool table TOOL.T ..... 71
The pocket table TOOL_P.TCH ..... 72
1.6 Workpiece setup ..... 73
Selecting the correct operating mode ..... 73
Clamping the workpiece ..... 73
Aligning the workpiece with a touch probe ..... 74
Datum setting with a touch probe ..... 75
1.7 Running the first program ..... 76
Selecting the correct operating mode ..... 76
Choosing the program you want to run ..... 76
Start the program ..... 76

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 29

2 Introduction ..... 77
2.1 The iTNC 530 ..... 78
Programming: HEIDENHAIN conversational, smarT.NC and ISO formats ..... 78
Compatibility ..... 78
2.2 Visual display unit and keyboard ..... 79
Visual display unit ..... 79
Set the screen layout ..... 80
Operating panel ..... 81
2.3 Operating modes ..... 82
Manual Operation and El. Handwheel ..... 82
Positioning with Manual Data Input ..... 82
Programming and Editing ..... 83
Test Run ..... 83
Program Run, Full Sequence and Program Run, Single Block ..... 84
2.4 Status displays ..... 85
"General" status display ..... 85
Additional status displays ..... 87
2.5 Window manager ..... 95
Task bar ..... 96
2.6 SELinux security software ..... 97
2.7 Accessories: HEIDENHAIN touch probes and electronic handwheels ..... 98
Touch probes ..... 98
HR electronic handwheels ..... 99

30
3 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management ..... 101
3.1 Fundamentals ..... 102
Position encoders and reference marks ..... 102
Reference system ..... 102
Reference system on milling machines ..... 103
Polar coordinates ..... 104
Absolute and incremental workpiece positions ..... 105
Setting the datum ..... 106
3.2 Creating and writing programs ..... 107
Organization of an NC program in HEIDENHAIN Conversational format ..... 107
Define the blank: BLK FORM ..... 108
Creating a new part program ..... 109
Programming tool movements in conversational format ..... 111
Actual position capture ..... 113
Editing a program ..... 114
The TNC search function ..... 119
3.3 File management: Fundamentals ..... 121
Files ..... 121
Showing externally created files on the TNC ..... 123
Data backup ..... 123

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 31

 3.4 Working with the file manager ..... 124
Directories ..... 124
Paths ..... 124
Overview: Functions of the file manager ..... 125
Calling the file manager ..... 127
Selecting drives, directories and files ..... 129
Creating a new directory (only possible on the drive TNC:\) ..... 132
Creating a new file (only possible on the drive TNC:\) ..... 132
Copying a single file ..... 133
Copying files into another directory ..... 134
Copying a table ..... 135
Copying a directory ..... 136
Choosing one of the last files selected ..... 136
Deleting a file ..... 137
Deleting a directory ..... 137
Tagging files ..... 138
Renaming a file ..... 140
Miscellaneous functions ..... 141
Working with shortcuts ..... 143
Archiving files ..... 144
Extracting files from archive ..... 145
Additional tools for management of external file types ..... 146
Data transfer to or from an external data medium ..... 151
The TNC in a network ..... 153
USB devices on the TNC (FCL 2 function) ..... 154

32
4 Programming: Programming Aids ..... 155
4.1 Adding comments ..... 156
Application ..... 156
Entering comments during programming ..... 156
Inserting comments after program entry ..... 156
Entering a comment in a separate block ..... 156
Functions for editing of the comment ..... 157
4.2 Structuring programs ..... 158
Definition and applications ..... 158
Displaying the program structure window / Changing the active window ..... 158
Inserting a structuring block in the (left) program window ..... 158
Selecting blocks in the program structure window ..... 158
4.3 Integrated calculator ..... 159
Operation ..... 159
4.4 Programming graphics ..... 160
Generating / not generating graphics during programming ..... 160
Generating a graphic for an existing program ..... 160
Block number display ON/OFF ..... 161
Erasing the graphic ..... 161
Magnifying or reducing a detail ..... 161
4.5 3-D line graphics (FCL2 function) ..... 162
Application ..... 162
Functions of the 3-D line graphics ..... 162
Highlighting NC blocks in the graphics ..... 164
Block number display ON/OFF ..... 164
Erasing the graphic ..... 164
4.6 Immediate Help for NC Error Messages ..... 165
Show error messages ..... 165
Display HELP ..... 165
4.7 List of all current error messages ..... 166
Function ..... 166
Showing the error list ..... 166
Window contents ..... 167
Calling the TNCguide help system ..... 168
Generating service files ..... 169
4.8 The context-sensitive help system TNCguide (FCL3 function) ..... 170
Application ..... 170
Working with TNCguide ..... 171
Downloading current help files ..... 175

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 33

5 Programming: Tools ..... 177
5.1 Entering tool-related data ..... 178
Feed rate F ..... 178
Spindle speed S ..... 179
5.2 Tool data ..... 180
Requirements for tool compensation ..... 180
Tool numbers and tool names ..... 180
Tool length L ..... 180
Tool radius R ..... 180
Delta values for lengths and radii ..... 181
Entering tool data into the program ..... 181
Entering tool data in the table ..... 182
Tool-carrier kinematics ..... 192
Using an external PC to overwrite individual tool data ..... 193
Pocket table for tool changer ..... 194
Calling tool data ..... 197
Tool change ..... 199
Tool usage test ..... 202
Tool management (software option) ..... 205
5.3 Tool compensation ..... 214
Introduction ..... 214
Tool length compensation ..... 214
Tool radius compensation ..... 215

34
6 Programming: Programming Contours ..... 219
6.1 Tool movements ..... 220
Path functions ..... 220
FK free contour programming ..... 220
Miscellaneous functions M ..... 220
Subprograms and program section repeats ..... 220
Programming with Q parameters ..... 220
6.2 Fundamentals of path functions ..... 221
Programming tool movements for workpiece machining ..... 221
6.3 Contour approach and departure ..... 225
Overview: Types of paths for contour approach and departure ..... 225
Important positions for approach and departure ..... 226
Approaching on a straight line with tangential connection: APPR LT ..... 228
Approaching on a straight line perpendicular to the first contour point: APPR LN ..... 228
Approaching on a circular path with tangential connection: APPR CT ..... 229
Approaching on a circular arc with tangential connection from a straight line to the contour: APPR LCT ..... 230
Departing on a straight line with tangential connection: DEP LT ..... 231
Departing on a straight line perpendicular to the last contour point: DEP LN ..... 231
Departing on a circular path with tangential connection: DEP CT ..... 232
Departing on a circular arc tangentially connecting the contour and a straight line: DEP LCT ..... 232
6.4 Path contours—Cartesian coordinates ..... 233
Overview of path functions ..... 233
Straight line L ..... 234
Inserting a chamfer between two straight lines ..... 235
Corner rounding RND ..... 236
Circle center CC ..... 237
Circular arc C around circle center CC ..... 238
Circular path CR with defined radius ..... 239
Circular path G06 with tangential connection ..... 241
6.5 Path contours—Polar coordinates ..... 246
Overview ..... 246
Zero point for polar coordinates: pole CC ..... 247
Straight line LP ..... 247
Circular path CP around pole CC ..... 248
Circular path CTP with tangential connection ..... 249
Helical interpolation ..... 250

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 35

 6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming ..... 254
Fundamentals ..... 254
Graphics during FK programming ..... 256
Converting FK programs into HEIDENHAIN conversational format ..... 257
Initiating the FK dialog ..... 258
Pole for FK programming ..... 259
Free programming of straight lines ..... 259
Free programming of circular arcs ..... 260
Input possibilities ..... 260
Auxiliary points ..... 264
Relative data ..... 265

36
7 Programming: Data Transfer from DXF Files or Plain-language Contours ..... 273
7.1 DXF data processing (software option) ..... 274
Application ..... 274
Opening a DXF file ..... 275
Working with the DXF converter ..... 275
Basic settings ..... 276
Layer settings ..... 277
Specifying the reference point ..... 278
Selecting and saving a contour ..... 280
Selecting and storing machining positions ..... 283
7.2 Data transfer from plain-language programs ..... 290
Application ..... 290
Opening plain-language files ..... 290
Defining a reference point; selecting and saving contours ..... 291
7.3 Opening 3-D CAD data (software option) ..... 292
Application ..... 292
Operating the CAD viewer ..... 293

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 37

8 Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats ..... 295
8.1 Labeling subprograms and program section repeats ..... 296
Labels ..... 296
8.2 Subprograms ..... 297
Procedure ..... 297
Programming notes ..... 297
Programming a subprogram ..... 297
Calling a subprogram ..... 298
8.3 Program section repeats ..... 299
Label LBL ..... 299
Procedure ..... 299
Programming notes ..... 299
Programming a program section repeat ..... 299
Calling a program section repeat ..... 299
8.4 Any desired program as subprogram ..... 300
Procedure ..... 300
Programming notes ..... 300
Calling any program as a subprogram ..... 301
8.5 Nesting ..... 302
Types of nesting ..... 302
Nesting depth ..... 302
Subprogram within a subprogram ..... 303
Repeating program section repeats ..... 304
Repeating a subprogram ..... 305
8.6 Programming examples ..... 306

38
9 Programming: Q Parameters ..... 313
9.1 Principle and overview ..... 314
Programming notes ..... 316
Calling Q-parameter functions ..... 317
9.2 Part families—Q parameters in place of numerical values ..... 318
Application ..... 318
9.3 Describing contours through mathematical operations ..... 319
Application ..... 319
Overview ..... 319
Programming fundamental operations ..... 320
9.4 Trigonometric functions ..... 321
Definitions ..... 321
Programming trigonometric functions ..... 322
9.5 Calculating circles ..... 323
Application ..... 323
9.6 If-then decisions with Q parameters ..... 324
Application ..... 324
Unconditional jumps ..... 324
Programming if-then decisions ..... 325
Abbreviations used: ..... 325
9.7 Checking and changing Q parameters ..... 326
Procedure ..... 326
9.8 Additional functions ..... 327
Overview ..... 327
FN 14: ERROR: Displaying error messages ..... 328
FN 15: PRINT: Output of texts or Q parameter values ..... 332
FN 16: F-PRINT: Formatted output of text and Q parameter values ..... 333
FN 18: SYS-DATUM READ: Read system data ..... 338
FN 19: PLC: Transfer values to the PLC ..... 346
FN 20: WAIT FOR: NC and PLC synchronization ..... 347
9.9 Entering formulas directly ..... 349
Entering formulas ..... 349
Rules for formulas ..... 351
Programming example ..... 352

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 39

 9.10 String parameters ..... 353
String processing functions ..... 353
Assigning string parameters ..... 354
Chain-linking string parameters ..... 355
Converting a numerical value to a string parameter ..... 356
Copying a substring from a string parameter ..... 357
Copying system data to a string parameter ..... 358
Converting a string parameter to a numerical value ..... 360
Checking a string parameter ..... 361
Finding the length of a string parameter ..... 362
Comparing alphabetic priority ..... 363
9.11 Preassigned Q parameters ..... 364
Values from the PLC: Q100 to Q107 ..... 364
WMAT block: QS100 ..... 364
Active tool radius: Q108 ..... 364
Tool axis: Q109 ..... 365
Spindle status: Q110 ..... 365
Coolant on/off: Q111 ..... 365
Overlap factor: Q112 ..... 365
Unit of measurement for dimensions in the program: Q113 ..... 366
Tool length: Q114 ..... 366
Coordinates after probing during program run ..... 366
Deviation between actual value and nominal value during automatic tool measurement with the TT 130 ..... 367
Tilting the working plane with mathematical angles: rotary axis coordinates calculated by the TNC ..... 367
Measurement results from touch probe cycles (see also User’s Manual for Cycle Programming) ..... 368
9.12 Programming examples ..... 370

40
10 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions ..... 377
10.1 Entering miscellaneous functions M and STOP ..... 378
Fundamentals ..... 378
10.2 Miscellaneous functions for program run control, spindle and coolant ..... 379
Overview ..... 379
10.3 Miscellaneous functions for coordinate data ..... 380
Programming machine-referenced coordinates: M91/M92 ..... 380
Activating the most recently entered reference point: M104 ..... 382
Moving to positions in a non-tilted coordinate system with a tilted working plane: M130 ..... 382
10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior ..... 383
Smoothing corners: M90 ..... 383
Inserting a rounding arc between straight lines: M112 ..... 383
Do not include points when executing non-compensated line blocks: M124 ..... 384
Machining small contour steps: M97 ..... 385
Machining open contour corners: M98 ..... 387
Feed rate factor for plunging movements: M103 ..... 388
Feed rate in millimeters per spindle revolution: M136 ..... 389
Feed rate for circular arcs: M109/M110/M111 ..... 390
Calculating the radius-compensated path in advance (LOOK AHEAD): M120 ..... 391
Superimposing handwheel positioning during program run: M118 ..... 393
Retraction from the contour in the tool-axis direction: M140 ..... 394
Suppressing touch probe monitoring: M141 ..... 395
Deleting modal program information: M142 ..... 396
Deleting basic rotation: M143 ..... 396
Automatically retract tool from the contour at an NC stop: M148 ..... 397
Suppressing the limit switch message: M150 ..... 398
10.5 Miscellaneous functions for laser cutting machines ..... 399
Principle ..... 399
Direct output of the programmed voltage: M200 ..... 399
Output of voltage as a function of distance: M201 ..... 399
Output of voltage as a function of speed: M202 ..... 400
Output of voltage as a function of time (time-dependent ramp): M203 ..... 400
Output of voltage as a function of time (time-dependent pulse): M204 ..... 400

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 41

11 Programming: Special Functions ..... 401
11.1 Overview of special functions ..... 402
Main menu for SPEC FCT special functions ..... 402
Program defaults menu ..... 403
Functions for contour and point machining menu ..... 403
Functions for contour and point machining menu ..... 404
Menu of various conversational functions ..... 404
Programming aids menu ..... 405
11.2 Dynamic collision monitoring (software option) ..... 406
Function ..... 406
Collision monitoring in the manual operating modes ..... 408
Collision monitoring in Automatic operation ..... 409
Graphic depiction of the protected space (FCL 4 function) ..... 410
Collision monitoring in the Test Run mode of operation ..... 411
11.3 Fixture monitoring (DCM software option) ..... 412
Fundamentals ..... 412
Fixture templates ..... 413
Setting parameter values for the fixture: FixtureWizard ..... 413
Placing the fixture on the machine ..... 415
Editing fixtures ..... 416
Removing fixtures ..... 416
Checking the position of the measured fixture ..... 417
Managing fixtures ..... 419
11.4 Tool-carrier management (DCM software option) ..... 422
Fundamentals ..... 422
Tool-carrier templates ..... 422
Setting the tool carrier parameters: ToolHolderWizard ..... 423
Removing a tool carrier ..... 424
11.5 Global Program Settings (software option) ..... 425
Application ..... 425
Technical requirements ..... 427
Activating/deactivating a function ..... 428
Basic rotation ..... 430
Swapping axes ..... 431
Superimposed mirroring ..... 432
Additional, additive datum shift ..... 432
Axis locking ..... 433
Superimposed rotation ..... 433
Feed rate override ..... 433
Handwheel superimposition ..... 434
Limit plane ..... 436

42
 11.6 Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—software option) ..... 440
Application ..... 440
Defining the AFC basic settings ..... 441
Recording a teach-in cut ..... 443
Activating/deactivating AFC ..... 447
Log file ..... 448
Tool breakage/tool wear monitoring ..... 450
Spindle load monitoring ..... 450
11.7 Active Chatter Control (ACC—software option) ..... 451
Application ..... 451
Activating/deactivating ACC ..... 451
11.8 Generating a backward program ..... 452
Function ..... 452
Prerequisites for the program to be converted ..... 453
Application example ..... 454
11.9 Filtering contours (FCL 2 function) ..... 455
Function ..... 455
11.10 File functions ..... 456
Application ..... 456
Defining file functions ..... 456
11.11 Defining coordinate transformations ..... 457
Overview ..... 457
TRANS DATUM AXIS ..... 457
TRANS DATUM TABLE ..... 458
TRANS DATUM RESET ..... 459
Defining a program call ..... 460
11.12 smartWizard ..... 461
Application ..... 461
Inserting a UNIT ..... 462
Editing a UNIT ..... 463
11.13 Creating text files ..... 464
Application ..... 464
Opening and exiting text files ..... 464
Editing texts ..... 465
Deleting and re-inserting characters, words and lines ..... 466
Editing text blocks ..... 467
Finding text sections ..... 468

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 43

 11.14 Working with cutting data tables ..... 469
Note ..... 469
Possible applications ..... 469
Table for workpiece materials ..... 470
Table for tool cutting materials ..... 471
Table for cutting data ..... 471
Data required for the tool table ..... 472
Working with automatic speed / feed rate calculation ..... 473
Data transfer from cutting data tables ..... 474
Configuration file TNC.SYS ..... 474
11.15 Freely definable tables ..... 475
Fundamentals ..... 475
Creating a freely definable table ..... 475
Editing the table format ..... 476
Switching between table and form view ..... 477
FN 26: TABOPEN: Opening a freely definable table ..... 478
FN 27: TABWRITE: Writing to a freely definable table ..... 479
FN 28: TABREAD: Reading a freely definable table ..... 480

44
12 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining ..... 481
12.1 Execution of CAM programs ..... 482
From 3-D model to NC program ..... 482
Please note for the configuration of the post processor ..... 483
Please note the following for CAM programming ..... 485
Possibilities for user intervention on the TNC ..... 487
12.2 Functions for multiple axis machining ..... 488
12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1) ..... 489
Introduction ..... 489
Defining the PLANE function ..... 491
Position display ..... 491
Resetting the PLANE function ..... 492
Defining the machining plane with spatial angles: PLANE SPATIAL ..... 493
Defining the machining plane with projection angles: PROJECTED PLANE ..... 495
Defining the machining plane with Euler angles: EULER PLANE ..... 497
Defining the working plane with two vectors: VECTOR PLANE ..... 499
Defining the working plane via three points: PLANE POINTS ..... 501
Defining the machining plane with a single, incremental spatial angle: PLANE RELATIVE ..... 503
Tilting the working plane through axis angle: PLANE AXIAL (FCL 3 function) ..... 504
Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE function ..... 506
12.4 Inclined-tool machining in the tilted plane ..... 512
Function ..... 512
Inclined-tool machining via incremental traverse of a rotary axis ..... 512
Inclined-tool machining via normal vectors ..... 513
12.5 TCPM FUNCTION (software option 2) ..... 514
Function ..... 514
Define TCPM FUNCTION ..... 515
Mode of action of the programmed feed rate ..... 515
Interpretation of the programmed rotary axis coordinates ..... 516
Type of interpolation between the starting and end position ..... 517
Reset TCPM FUNCTION ..... 518

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 45

 12.6 Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes ..... 519
Feed rate in mm/min on rotary axes A, B, C: M116 (software option 1) ..... 519
Shorter-path traverse of rotary axes: M126 ..... 520
Reducing display of a rotary axis to a value less than 360°: M94 ..... 521
Automatic compensation of machine geometry when working with tilted axes: M114 (software option 2) ..... 522
Maintaining the position of the tool tip when positioning with tilted axes (TCPM): M128 (software
option 2) ..... 524
Exact stop at corners with nontangential transitions: M134 ..... 527
Selecting tilting axes: M138 ..... 527
Compensating the machine’s kinematics configuration for ACTUAL/NOMINAL positions at end of block: M144
(software option 2) ..... 528
12.7 Three-dimensional tool compensation (software option 2) ..... 529
Introduction ..... 529
Definition of a normalized vector ..... 530
Permissible tool shapes ..... 531
Using other tools: Delta values ..... 531
3-D compensation without tool orientation ..... 532
Face milling: 3-D compensation with and without tool orientation ..... 532
Peripheral milling: 3-D radius compensation with workpiece orientation ..... 534
3-D tool radius compensation depending on the tool’s contact angle (3D-ToolComp software option) ..... 536
12.8 Path contours—Spline interpolation (software option 2) ..... 540
Application ..... 540

46
13 Programming: Pallet Management ..... 543
13.1 Pallet management ..... 544
Application ..... 544
Selecting a pallet table ..... 546
Exiting the pallet file ..... 546
Pallet datum management with the pallet preset table ..... 547
Executing the pallet file ..... 549
13.2 Pallet operation with tool-oriented machining ..... 550
Application ..... 550
Selecting a pallet file ..... 555
Setting up the pallet file with the entry form ..... 555
Sequence of tool-oriented machining ..... 560
Exiting the pallet file ..... 561
Executing a pallet file ..... 561

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 47

14 Manual Operation and Setup ..... 563
14.1 Switch-on, switch-off ..... 564
Switch-on ..... 564
Switch-off ..... 566
14.2 Moving the machine axes ..... 567
Note ..... 567
Moving the axis using the machine axis direction buttons ..... 567
Incremental jog positioning ..... 568
Traversing with electronic handwheels ..... 569
14.3 Spindle speed S, feed rate F and miscellaneous functions M ..... 579
Application ..... 579
Entering values ..... 579
Changing the spindle speed and feed rate ..... 580
14.4 Functional safety FS (option) ..... 581
Miscellaneous ..... 581
Explanation of terms ..... 582
Checking the axis positions ..... 583
Overview of permitted feed rates and speeds ..... 584
Activating feed-rate limitation ..... 585
Additional status displays ..... 585
14.5 Workpiece presetting without a touch probe ..... 586
Note ..... 586
Preparation ..... 586
Workpiece presetting with axis keys ..... 587
Management of presets with the preset table ..... 588
14.6 Using touch-probes ..... 595
Overview ..... 595
Selecting touch probe cycles ..... 596
Recording measured values from the touch-probe cycles ..... 596
Writing the measured values from touch probe cycles to datum tables ..... 597
Writing the measured values from touch probe cycles in the preset table ..... 598
Storing measured values in the pallet preset table ..... 598
14.7 Calibrating touch probes ..... 599
Introduction ..... 599
Calibrating the effective length ..... 599
Calibrating the effective radius and compensating center offset ..... 600
Displaying calibration values ..... 601
Managing more than one block of calibration data ..... 601
14.8 Compensating workpiece misalignment with a 3-D touch probe ..... 602
Introduction ..... 602
Basic rotation using 2 points: ..... 604
Determining basic rotation using 2 holes/studs: ..... 606
Workpiece alignment using 2 points ..... 607

48
 14.9 Workpiece presetting with a touch probe ..... 608
Overview ..... 608
Workpiece presetting in any axis ..... 608
Corner as preset—using points that were already probed for a basic rotation ..... 609
Corner as datum—without using points that were already probed for a basic rotation ..... 609
Circle center as preset ..... 610
Center line as preset ..... 611
Setting presets using holes/circular studs ..... 612
Measuring the workpiece with a touch probe ..... 613
Using touch probe functions with mechanical probes or dial gauges ..... 616
14.10 Tilting the working plane (software option 1) ..... 617
Application, function ..... 617
Traversing reference points in tilted axes ..... 619
Setting a preset in a tilted coordinate system ..... 619
Datum setting on machines with rotary tables ..... 619
Datum setting on machines with spindle-head changing systems ..... 620
Position display in a tilted system ..... 620
Limitations on working with the tilting function ..... 620
Activating manual tilting ..... 621
Setting the current tool-axis direction as the active machining direction (FCL 2 function) ..... 622

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 49

15 Positioning with Manual Data Input ..... 623
15.1 Programming and executing simple machining operations ..... 624
Positioning with manual data input (MDI) ..... 624
Protecting and erasing programs in $MDI ..... 627

50
16 Test Run and Program Run ..... 629
16.1 Graphics ..... 630
Application ..... 630
Overview of display modes ..... 632
Plan view ..... 632
Projection in 3 planes ..... 633
3-D view ..... 634
Magnifying details ..... 637
Repeating graphic simulation ..... 638
Displaying the tool ..... 638
Measurement of machining time ..... 639
16.2 Functions for program display ..... 640
Overview ..... 640
16.3 Test Run ..... 641
Application ..... 641
16.4 Program Run ..... 647
Application ..... 647
Running a part program ..... 648
Interrupting machining ..... 649
Moving the machine axes during an interruption ..... 651
Resuming program run after an interruption ..... 652
Mid-program startup (block scan) ..... 653
Returning to the contour ..... 657
16.5 Automatic program start ..... 658
Application ..... 658
16.6 Optional block skip ..... 659
Application ..... 659
Erasing the "/" character ..... 659
16.7 Optional program-run interruption ..... 660
Application ..... 660

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 51

17 MOD Functions ..... 661
17.1 Selecting MOD functions ..... 662
Selecting the MOD functions ..... 662
Changing the settings ..... 662
Exiting the MOD functions ..... 662
Overview of MOD functions ..... 663
17.2 Software numbers ..... 664
Application ..... 664
17.3 Entering code numbers ..... 665
Application ..... 665
17.4 Loading service packs ..... 666
Application ..... 666
17.5 Setting the data interfaces ..... 667
Application ..... 667
Setting the RS-232 interface ..... 667
Setting the RS-422 interface ..... 667
Setting the operating mode of the external device ..... 667
Setting the baud rate ..... 667
Assignment ..... 668
Software for data transfer ..... 669
17.6 Ethernet interface ..... 671
Introduction ..... 671
Connection possibilities ..... 671
Configuring the TNC ..... 671
Connecting the iTNC directly with a Windows PC ..... 678
17.7 Configuring PGM MGT ..... 679
Application ..... 679
Changing the PGM MGT setting ..... 679
Dependent files ..... 680
17.8 Machine-specific user parameters ..... 681
Application ..... 681
17.9 Showing the workpiece blank in the working space ..... 682
Application ..... 682
Rotating the entire image ..... 684
17.10 Position display types ..... 685
Application ..... 685
17.11 Unit of measurement ..... 686
Application ..... 686
17.12 Selecting the programming language for $MDI ..... 687
Application ..... 687
17.13 Selecting the axes for generating L blocks ..... 688
Application ..... 688

52
 17.14 Entering the axis traverse limits, datum display ..... 689
Application ..... 689
Working without additional traverse limits ..... 689
Finding and entering the maximum traverse ..... 689
Display of presets ..... 690
17.15 Displaying HELP files ..... 691
Application ..... 691
Selecting HELP files ..... 691
17.16 Displaying operating times ..... 692
Application ..... 692
17.17 Checking the data carrier ..... 693
Application ..... 693
Performing the data carrier check ..... 693
17.18 Setting the system time ..... 694
Application ..... 694
Selecting appropriate settings ..... 694
17.19 TeleService ..... 695
Application ..... 695
Calling/exiting TeleService ..... 695
17.20 External access ..... 696
Application ..... 696
17.21 Host computer operation ..... 698
Application ..... 698
17.22 Configuring the HR 550 FS wireless handwheel ..... 699
Application ..... 699
Assigning the handwheel to a specific handwheel holder ..... 699
Setting the transmission channel ..... 700
Selecting the transmitter power ..... 701
Statistics ..... 701

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 53

18 Tables and Overviews ..... 703
18.1 General user parameters ..... 704
Input possibilities for machine parameters ..... 704
Selecting general user parameters ..... 704
List of general user parameters ..... 705
18.2 Pin layouts and connecting cables for the data interfaces ..... 721
RS-232-C/V.24 interface for HEIDENHAIN devices ..... 721
Non-HEIDENHAIN devices ..... 722
RS-422/V.11 Interface ..... 723
Ethernet interface RJ45 socket ..... 723
18.3 Technical information ..... 724
18.4 Exchanging the buffer battery ..... 734

54
First Steps with the
iTNC 530
1.1 Overview

1.1 Overview
This chapter is intended to help TNC beginners quickly learn to handle
the most important procedures. For more information on a respective
topic, see the section referred to in the text.
The following topics are included in this chapter:
 Machine switch-on
 Programming the first part
 Graphically testing the first part
 Setting up tools
 Workpiece setup
 Running the first program

56 First Steps with the iTNC 530

 1.2 Machine switch-on
1.2 Machine switch-on
Acknowledging the power interruption and
moving to the reference points

Switch-on and crossing the reference points can vary

depending on the machine tool. Your machine manual
provides more detailed information.

 Switch on the power supply for control and machine. The TNC starts
the operating system. This process may take several minutes. Then
the TNC will display the message "Power interrupted" in the screen
header
 Press the CE key: The TNC compiles the PLC program

 Switch on the control voltage: The TNC checks

operation of the emergency stop circuit and goes into
the reference run mode
 Cross the reference points manually in the displayed
sequence: For each axis press the machine START
button. If you have absolute linear and angle encoders
on your machine there is no need for a reference run
The TNC is now ready for operation in the Manual Operation mode.

Further information on this topic

 Traversing the reference marks: See "Switch-on", page 564
 Operating modes: See "Programming and Editing", page 83

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 57

1.3 Programming the first part

1.3 Programming the first part

Selecting the correct operating mode
You can write programs only in the Programming and Editing mode:
 Press the operating modes key: The TNC goes into
the Programming and Editing mode

Further information on this topic

 Operating modes: See "Programming and Editing", page 83

The most important TNC keys

Functions for conversational guidance Key

Confirm entry and activate the next dialog
prompt

Ignore the dialog question

End the dialog immediately

Abort dialog, discard entries

Soft keys on the screen with which you select

functions appropriate to the active state

Further information on this topic

 Writing and editing programs: See "Editing a program", page 114
 Overview of keys: See "Controls of the TNC", page 2

58 First Steps with the iTNC 530

 1.3 Programming the first part
Creating a new program/file management
 Press the PGM MGT key: The TNC opens the file
manager. The file management of the TNC is
arranged much like the file management on a PC with
the Windows Explorer. The file management enables
you to manipulate data on the TNC hard disk
 Use the arrow keys to select the folder in which you
want to open the new file
 Enter a file name with the extension .H: The TNC then
automatically opens a program and asks for the unit
of measure for the new program. Please note the
restrictions regarding special characters in the file
name (see "File names" on page 122)
 To select the unit of measure, press the MM or INCH
soft key: The TNC automatically starts the workpiece
blank definition (see "Defining a workpiece blank" on
page 60)
The TNC automatically generates the first and last blocks of the
program. Afterwards you can no longer change these blocks.

Further information on this topic

 File management: See "Working with the file manager", page 124
 Creating a new program: See "Creating and writing programs", page
107

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 59

1.3 Programming the first part

Defining a workpiece blank

Immediately after you have created a new program, the TNC starts the
dialog for entering the workpiece blank definition. Always define the
workpiece blank as a cuboid by entering the MIN and MAX points,
each with reference to the selected reference point.
After you have created a new program, the TNC automatically initiates
the workpiece blank definition and asks for the required data:
 Spindle axis Z?: Enter the active spindle axis. Z is saved as default
setting. Accept with the ENT key
 Def BLK FORM: Min-corner?: Smallest X coordinate of the workpiece
blank with respect to the reference point, e.g. 0. Confirm with the
ENT key
 Def BLK FORM: Min-corner?: Smallest Y coordinate of the workpiece
blank with respect to the reference point, e.g. 0. Confirm with the
ENT key
 Def BLK FORM: Min-corner?: Smallest Z coordinate of the workpiece
blank with respect to the reference point, e.g. -40. Confirm with the
ENT key
 Def BLK FORM: Max-corner?: Largest X coordinate of the workpiece
blank with respect to the reference point, e.g. 100. Confirm with the
ENT key Z
 Def BLK FORM: Max-corner?: Largest Y coordinate of the workpiece MAX
blank with respect to the reference point, e.g. 100. Confirm with the Y
ENT key
100
 Def BLK FORM: Max-corner?: Largest Z coordinate of the workpiece
blank with respect to the reference point, e.g. 0. Confirm with the X
ENT key
0
Example NC blocks 100
0 BEGIN PGM NEW MM MIN
-40 0
1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-40
2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
3 END PGM NEW MM

Further information on this topic

 Defining the workpiece blank: (see page 109)

60 First Steps with the iTNC 530

 1.3 Programming the first part
Program layout
NC programs should be arranged consistently in a similar manner. This
makes it easier to find your place, accelerates programming and
reduces errors.

Recommended program layout for simple, conventional contour

machining
1 Call the tool, define the tool axis Example: Layout of contour machining programs
2 Retract the tool
0 BEGIN PGM EXCONT MM
3 Preposition the tool in the working plane near the contour starting
point 1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X... Y... Z...
4 In the tool axis, position the tool above the workpiece, or 2 BLK FORM 0.2 X... Y... Z...
preposition immediately to workpiece depth. If required, switch on 3 TOOL CALL 5 Z S5000
the spindle/coolant
5 Approach the contour 4 L Z+250 R0 FMAX
6 Machine the contour 5 L X... Y... R0 FMAX
7 Depart the contour 6 L Z+10 R0 F3000 M13
8 Retract the tool, end the program 7 APPR ... RL F500
Further information on this topic: ...
 Contour programming: See "Tool movements", page 220 16 DEP ... X... Y... F3000 M9
17 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M2
18 END PGM EXCONT MM

Recommended program layout for simple cycle programs

1 Call the tool, define the tool axis Example: Cycle program layout
2 Retract the tool
0 BEGIN PGM EXCYC MM
3 Define the machining positions
1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X... Y... Z...
4 Define the fixed cycle
5 Call the cycle, switch on the spindle/coolant 2 BLK FORM 0.2 X... Y... Z...
6 Retract the tool, end the program 3 TOOL CALL 5 Z S5000

Further information on this topic: 4 L Z+250 R0 FMAX

 Cycle programming: See User’s Manual for Cycles 5 PATTERN DEF POS1( X... Y... Z... ) ...
6 CYCL DEF...
7 CYCL CALL PAT FMAX M13
8 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M2
9 END PGM EXCYC MM

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 61

1.3 Programming the first part

Programming a simple contour

The contour shown to the right is to be milled once to a depth of 5 mm.
You have already defined the workpiece blank. After you have initiated Y 10
a dialog through a function key, enter all the data requested by the
TNC in the screen header. 3
95
2

10
 Call the tool: Enter the tool data. Confirm each of your
entries with the ENT key. Do not forget the tool axis
 Retract the tool: Press the orange axis key Z in order
to get clear in the tool axis, and enter the value for the
position to be approached, e.g. 250. Confirm with the
ENT key

20
1 4
 Confirm Radius comp.: RL/RR/no comp? by pressing 5

the ENT key: Do not activate the radius compensation 20 X

 Confirm Feed rate F=? with the ENT key: Move at 5 9
rapid traverse (FMAX)
 Confirm Miscellaneous function M? with the END
key: The TNC saves the entered positioning block
 Preposition the tool in the working plane: Press the
orange X axis key and enter the value for the position
to be approached, e.g. –20
 Press the orange Y axis key and enter the value for the
position to be approached, e.g. –20. Confirm with the
ENT key
 Confirm Radius comp.: RL/RR/no comp? by pressing
the ENT key: Do not activate the radius compensation
 Confirm Feed rate F=? with the ENT key: Move at
rapid traverse (FMAX)
 Confirm Miscellaneous function M? with the END
key: The TNC saves the entered positioning block
 Move the tool to workpiece depth: Press the orange
axis key and enter the value for the position to be
approached, e.g. –5. Confirm with the ENT key
 Confirm Radius comp.: RL/RR/no comp? by pressing
the ENT key: Do not activate the radius compensation
 Feed rate F=? Enter the positioning feed rate, e.g.
3000 mm/min and confirm with the ENT key
 Miscellaneous function M? Switch on the spindle
and coolant, e.g. M13. Confirm with the END key: The
TNC saves the entered positioning block

62 First Steps with the iTNC 530

 1.3 Programming the first part
 Move to the contour: Press the APPR/DEP key: The
TNC shows a soft-key row with approach and
departure functions
 Select the approach function APPR CT: Enter the
coordinates of the contour starting point 1 in X and Y,
e.g. 5/5. Confirm with the ENT key
 Center angle? Enter the approach angle, e.g. 90°, and
confirm with the ENT key
 Circle radius? Enter the approach radius, e.g. 8 mm,
and confirm with the ENT key
 Confirm the Radius comp.: RL/RR/no comp? with the
RL soft key: Activate the radius compensation to the
left of the programmed contour
 Feed rate F=? Enter the machining feed rate, e.g. 700
mm/min, and confirm your entry with the END key
 Machine the contour and move to contour point 2: You
only need to enter the information that changes. In
other words, enter only the Y coordinate 95 and save
your entry with the END key
 Move to contour point 3: Enter the X coordinate 95
and save your entry with the END key
 Define the chamfer at contour point 3: Enter the
chamfer width 10 mm and save with the END key
 Move to contour point 4: Enter the Y coordinate 5 and
save your entry with the END key
 Define the chamfer at contour point 4: Enter the
chamfer width 20 mm and save with the END key
 Move to contour point 1: Enter the X coordinate 5 and
save your entry with the END key

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 63

1.3 Programming the first part

 Depart the contour

 Select the departure function DEP CT

 Center angle? Enter the departure angle, e.g. 90°,
and confirm with the ENT key
 Circle radius? Enter the departure radius, e.g. 8 mm,
and confirm with the ENT key
 Feed rate F=? Enter the positioning feed rate, e.g.
3000 mm/min and confirm with the ENT key
 Miscellaneous function M? Switch off the coolant,
e.g. M9, with the END key: The TNC saves the entered
positioning block
 Retract the tool: Press the orange axis key Z in order
to get clear in the tool axis, and enter the value for the
position to be approached, e.g. 250. Confirm with the
ENT key
 Confirm Radius comp.: RL/RR/no comp? by pressing
the ENT key: Do not activate the radius compensation
 Confirm Feed rate F=? with the ENT key: Move at
rapid traverse (FMAX)
 Miscellaneous function M? Enter M2 to end the
program and confirm with the END key: The TNC
saves the entered positioning block

Further information on this topic

 Complete example with NC blocks: See "Example: Linear
movements and chamfers with Cartesian coordinates", page 242
 Creating a new program: See "Creating and writing programs", page
107
 Approaching/departing contours: See "Contour approach and
departure", page 225
 Programming contours: See "Overview of path functions", page 233
 Programmable feed rates: See "Possible feed rate input", page 112
 Tool radius compensation: See "Tool radius compensation", page
215
 Miscellaneous functions (M): See "Miscellaneous functions for
program run control, spindle and coolant", page 379

64 First Steps with the iTNC 530

 1.3 Programming the first part
Creating a cycle program
The holes (depth of 20 mm) shown in the figure at right are to be drilled
with a standard drilling cycle. You have already defined the workpiece
blank. Y
100
 Call the tool: Enter the tool data. Confirm each of your
90
entries with the ENT key. Do not forget the tool axis
 Retract the tool: Press the orange axis key Z in order
to get clear in the tool axis, and enter the value for the
position to be approached, e.g. 250. Confirm with the
ENT key
 Confirm Radius comp.: RL/RR/no comp? by pressing
the ENT key: Do not activate the radius compensation 10

 Confirm Feed rate F=? with the ENT key: Move at X

10 20 80 90 100
rapid traverse (FMAX)
 Confirm Miscellaneous function M? with the END
key: The TNC saves the entered positioning block
 Call the cycle menu

 Display the drilling cycles

 Select the standard drilling cycle 200: The TNC starts

the dialog for cycle definition. Enter all parameters
requested by the TNC step by step and conclude each
entry with the ENT key. In the screen to the right, the
TNC also displays a graphic showing the respective
cycle parameter

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 65

1.3 Programming the first part

 Call the menu for special functions

 Display the functions for point machining

 Select the pattern definition

 Select point entry: Enter the coordinates of the 4

points and confirm each with the ENT key. After
entering the fourth point, save the block with the END
key
 Display the menu for defining the cycle call

 Run the drilling cycle on the defined pattern:

 Confirm Feed rate F=? with the ENT key: Move at
rapid traverse (FMAX)
 Miscellaneous function M? Switch on the spindle and
coolant, e.g. M13. Confirm with the END key: The TNC
saves the entered positioning block
 Retract the tool: Press the orange axis key Z in order
to get clear in the tool axis, and enter the value for the
position to be approached, e.g. 250. Confirm with the
ENT key
 Confirm Radius comp.: RL/RR/no comp? by pressing
the ENT key: Do not activate the radius compensation
 Confirm Feed rate F=? with the ENT key: Move at
rapid traverse (FMAX)
 Miscellaneous function M? Enter M2 to end the
program and confirm with the END key: The TNC
saves the entered positioning block

66 First Steps with the iTNC 530

 1.3 Programming the first part
Example NC blocks
0 BEGIN PGM C200 MM
1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-40 Definition of workpiece blank
2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
3 TOOL CALL 5 Z S4500 Tool call
4 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool
5 PATTERN DEF Define the machining positions
POS1 (X+10 Y+10 Z+0)
POS2 (X+10 Y+90 Z+0)
POS3 (X+90 Y+90 Z+0)
POS4 (X+90 Y+10 Z+0)
6 CYCL DEF 200 DRILLING Define the cycle
Q200=2 ;SET-UP CLEARANCE
Q201=-20 ;DEPTH
Q206=250 ;FEED RATE FOR PLNGNG
Q202=5 ;PLUNGING DEPTH
Q210=0 ;DWELL TIME AT TOP
Q203=-10 ;SURFACE COORDINATE
Q204=20 ;2ND SET-UP CLEARANCE
Q211=0.2 ;DWELL TIME AT DEPTH
7 CYCL CALL PAT FMAX M13 Spindle and coolant on, call the cycle
8 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M2 Retract the tool, end program
9 END PGM C200 MM

Further information on this topic

 Creating a new program: See "Creating and writing programs", page
107
 Cycle programming: See User’s Manual for Cycles

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 67

1.4 Graphically testing the first part

1.4 Graphically testing the first part

Selecting the correct operating mode
You can test programs only in the Test Run mode:
 Press the Test Run operating mode key: the TNC
switches to that mode

Further information on this topic

 Operating modes of the TNC: See "Operating modes", page 82
 Testing programs: See "Test Run", page 641

Selecting the tool table for the test run

You only need to execute this step if you have not activated a tool
table in the Test Run mode.
 Press the PGM MGT key: The TNC opens the file
manager
 Press the SELECT TYPE soft key: The TNC shows a
soft-key menu for selection of the file type to be
displayed
 Press the SHOW ALL soft key: The TNC shows all
saved files in the right window
 Move the highlight to the left onto the directories

 Move the highlight to the TNC:\ directory

 Move the highlight to the right onto the files

 Move the highlight to the file TOOL.T (active tool

table) and load with the ENT key: TOOL.T receives
the status S and is therefore active for the test run
 Press the END key: Exit the file manager

Further information on this topic

 Tool management: See "Entering tool data in the table", page 182
 Testing programs: See "Test Run", page 641

68 First Steps with the iTNC 530

 1.4 Graphically testing the first part
Choosing the program you want to test
 Press the PGM MGT key: The TNC opens the file
manager
 Press the LAST FILES soft key: The TNC opens a pop-
up window with the most recently selected files
 Use the arrow keys to select the program that you
want to test. Load with the ENT key

Further information on this topic

 Selecting a program: See "Working with the file manager", page 124

Selecting the screen layout and the view

 Press the key for selecting the screen layout. The TNC
shows all available alternatives in the soft-key row
 Press the PROGRAM + GRAPHICS soft key: In the
left half of the screen the TNC shows the program; in
the right half it shows the workpiece blank
 Select the desired view via soft key
 Plan view

 Projection in three planes

 3-D view

Further information on this topic

 Graphic functions: See "Graphics", page 630
 Running a test run: See "Test Run", page 641

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 69

1.4 Graphically testing the first part

Starting the test run

 Press the RESET + START soft key: The TNC
simulates the active program up to a programmed
break or to the program end
 While the simulation is running, you can use the soft
keys to change views
 Press the STOP soft key: The TNC interrupts the test
run
 Press the START soft key: the TNC resumes the test
run after an interruption.

Further information on this topic

 Running a test run: See "Test Run", page 641
 Graphic functions: See "Graphics", page 630
 Adjusting the test speed: See "Setting the speed of the test run",
page 631

70 First Steps with the iTNC 530

 1.5 Setting up tools
1.5 Setting up tools
Selecting the correct operating mode
Tools are set up in the Manual Operation mode:
 Press the Manual Operation operating mode key: the
TNC switches to that mode

Further information on this topic

 Operating modes of the TNC: See "Operating modes", page 82

Preparing and measuring tools

 Clamp the required tools in their chucks
 When measuring with an external tool presetter: Measure the tools,
note down the length and radius, or transfer them directly to the
machine through a transfer program
 When measuring on the machine: store the tools in the tool changer
(see page 72)

The tool table TOOL.T

In the tool table TOOL.T (permanently saved under TNC:\), save the
tool data such as length and radius, but also further tool-specific
information that the TNC needs to conduct its functions.
To enter tool data in the tool table TOOL.T, proceed as follows:
 Display the tool table

 Edit the tool table: Set the EDITING soft key to ON

 With the upward or downward arrow keys you can
select the tool number that you want to edit
 With the rightward or leftward arrow keys you can
select the tool data that you want to edit
 To exit the tool table, press the END key

Further information on this topic

 Operating modes of the TNC: See "Operating modes", page 82
 Working with the tool table: See "Entering tool data in the table",
page 182

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 71

1.5 Setting up tools

The pocket table TOOL_P.TCH

The function of the pocket table depends on the machine.

Your machine manual provides more detailed information.

In the pocket table TOOL_P.TCH (permanently saved under TNC:\) you

specify which tools your tool magazine contains.
To enter data in the pocket table TOOL_P.TCH, proceed as follows:
 Display the tool table

 Display the pocket table

 Edit the pocket table: Set the EDITING soft key to ON
 With the upward or downward arrow keys you can
select the pocket number that you want to edit
 With the rightward or leftward arrow keys you can
select the data that you want to edit
 To leave the pocket table, press the END key

Further information on this topic

 Operating modes of the TNC: See "Operating modes", page 82
 Working with the pocket table: See "Pocket table for tool changer",
page 194

72 First Steps with the iTNC 530

 1.6 Workpiece setup
1.6 Workpiece setup
Selecting the correct operating mode
Workpieces are set up in the Manual Operation or Electronic
Handwheel mode
 Press the Manual Operation operating mode key: the
TNC switches to that mode

Further information on this topic

 Manual Operation mode: See "Moving the machine axes", page 567

Clamping the workpiece

Mount the workpiece with a fixture on the machine table. If you have
a touch probe on your machine, then you do not need to clamp the
workpiece parallel to the axes.
If you do not have a touch probe available, you have to align the
workpiece so that it is fixed with its edges parallel to the machine
axes.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 73

1.6 Workpiece setup

Aligning the workpiece with a touch probe

 Insert the touch probe: In the Manual Data Input (MDI) operating
mode, run a TOOL CALL block containing the tool axis, and then return
to the Manual Operation mode (in MDI mode you can run an
individual NC block independently of the others)
 Select the probing functions: The TNC displays all
available functions in the soft-key row
 Measure the basic rotation: The TNC displays the
basic rotation menu. To identify the basic rotation,
probe two points on a straight surface of the
workpiece
 Use the axis-direction keys to preposition the touch
probe to a position near the first contact point
 Select the probing direction via soft key
 Press NC start: The touch probe moves in the defined
direction until it contacts the workpiece and then
automatically returns to its starting point
 Use the axis-direction keys to preposition the touch
probe to a position near the second contact point
 Press NC start: The touch probe moves in the defined
direction until it contacts the workpiece and then
automatically returns to its starting point
 Then the TNC shows the measured basic rotation
 Press the END key to close the menu and then
answer the question of whether the basic rotation
should be transferred to the preset table by pressing
the NO ENT key (no transfer)

Further information on this topic

 MDI operating mode: See "Programming and executing simple
machining operations", page 624
 Workpiece alignment: See "Compensating workpiece misalignment
with a 3-D touch probe", page 602

74 First Steps with the iTNC 530

 1.6 Workpiece setup
Datum setting with a touch probe
 Insert the touch probe: In the MDI mode, run a TOOL CALL block
containing the tool axis and then return to the Manual Operation
mode
 Select the probing functions: The TNC displays all
available functions in the soft-key row
 Set the reference point at a workpiece corner, for
example: The TNC asks whether the probe points
from the previously measured basic rotation should
be loaded. Press the ENT key to load points
 Position the touch probe at a position near the first
touch point of the side that was not probed for basic
rotation
 Select the probing direction via soft key
 Press NC start: The touch probe moves in the defined
direction until it contacts the workpiece and then
automatically returns to its starting point
 Use the axis-direction keys to preposition the touch
probe to a position near the second contact point
 Press NC start: The touch probe moves in the defined
direction until it contacts the workpiece and then
automatically returns to its starting point
 Then the TNC shows the coordinates of the measured
corner point
 Set to 0: Press the SET DATUM soft key
 Press the END to close the menu

Further information on this topic

 Datum setting: See "Workpiece presetting with a touch probe", page
608

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 75

1.7 Running the first program

1.7 Running the first program

Selecting the correct operating mode
You can run programs either in the Single Block or the Full Sequence
mode:
 Press the operating mode key: The TNC goes into the
Program Run, Single Block mode and the TNC
executes the program block by block. You have to
confirm each block with the NC start key
 Press the Program Run, Full Sequence operating
mode key: The TNC switches to that mode and runs
the program after NC start up to a program
interruption or to the end of the program

Further information on this topic

 Operating modes of the TNC: See "Operating modes", page 82
 Running programs: See "Program Run", page 647

Choosing the program you want to run

 Press the PGM MGT key: The TNC opens the file
manager
 Press the LAST FILES soft key: The TNC opens a pop-
up window with the most recently selected files
 If desired, use the arrow keys to select the program
that you want to run. Load with the ENT key

Further information on this topic

 File management: See "Working with the file manager", page 124

Start the program

 Press the NC start key: The TNC runs the active
program

Further information on this topic

 Running programs: See "Program Run", page 647

76 First Steps with the iTNC 530

Introduction
2.1 The iTNC 530

2.1 The iTNC 530

HEIDENHAIN TNC controls are workshop-oriented contouring
controls that enable you to program conventional machining
operations right at the machine in an easy-to-use conversational
programming language. They are designed for milling, drilling and
boring machines, as well as for machining centers. The iTNC 530 can
control up to 18 axes. You can also change the angular position of up
to 2 spindles under program control.
An integrated hard disk provides storage for as many programs as you
like, even if they were created off-line. For quick calculations you can
call up the on-screen pocket calculator at any time.
Keyboard and screen layout are clearly arranged in such a way that the
functions are fast and easy to use.

Programming: HEIDENHAIN conversational,

smarT.NC and ISO formats
The HEIDENHAIN conversational programming format is an especially
easy method of writing programs. Interactive graphics illustrate the
individual machining steps for programming the contour. If a
production drawing is not dimensioned for NC, the FK free contour
programming feature performs the necessary calculations
automatically. Workpiece machining can be graphically simulated
either during or before actual machining.
The smarT.NC operating mode offers TNC beginners an especially
simple possibility to quickly and without much training create
structured conversational dialog programs. Separate user
documentation is available for smarT.NC.
It is also possible to program the TNCs in ISO format or DNC mode.
You can also enter and test one program while the control is running
another.

Compatibility
The TNC can run all part programs that were written on HEIDENHAIN
contouring controls starting from the TNC 150 B. In as much as old
TNC programs contain OEM cycles, the iTNC 530 must be adapted to
them with the PC software CycleDesign. For more information,
contact your machine tool builder or HEIDENHAIN.

78 Introduction
 2.2 Visual display unit and keyboard
2.2 Visual display unit and
keyboard
Visual display unit
The TNC is shipped with a 15-inch color flat-panel screen. A 19-inch
color flat-panel screen is also available as an alternative.
1 8
1 Header
When the TNC is on, the selected operating modes are shown in
the screen header: the machining mode at the left and the
programming mode at right. The currently active operating mode
is displayed in the larger box, where the dialog prompts and TNC 91
7
messages also appear (unless the TNC is showing only graphics).
2 Soft keys
In the footer the TNC indicates additional functions in a soft-key
row. You can select these functions by pressing the keys 5 2
immediately below them. The lines immediately above the soft-
key row indicate the number of soft-key rows that can be called 6
1
with the black arrow keys to the right and left. The bar
31
representing the active soft-key row is highlighted. 4 4
The15-inch screen has 8 soft keys, the 19-inch screen has 10 soft
keys.
3 Soft-key selection keys
4 Shift between soft-key rows
5 Setting the screen layout
1
6 Shift key for switchover between machining and programming
modes
7 Soft-key selection keys for machine tool builder soft keys
The15-inch screen has 6 soft keys, the 19-inch screen has 18 soft
keys.
8 Switching the soft-key rows for machine tool builders 7 7

2 8
5 6
1
4 31 4

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 79

2.2 Visual display unit and keyboard

Set the screen layout

You select the screen layout yourself: In the PROGRAMMING AND
EDITING mode of operation, for example, you can have the TNC show
program blocks in the left window while the right window displays
programming graphics. You could also display the program structure
in the right window instead, or display only program blocks in one large
window. The available screen windows depend on the selected
operating mode.
To change the screen layout:

Press the screen layout key: The soft-key row shows

the available layout options (see "Operating modes",
page 82)

Select the desired screen layout

80 Introduction
 2.2 Visual display unit and keyboard
Operating panel
The TNC is available with different operating panels. The figures show
the controls and displays of the TE 730 (15") and TE 740 (19") operating 7
panels:

1 Alphabetic keyboard for entering texts and file names, and for ISO
programming.
Dual-processor version: Additional keys for Windows operation 1
2  File management 2
1
5 9
7 6
 Calculator
 MOD function 3
4
1
 HELP function 8
3 Programming modes
4 Machine operating modes
5 Initiation of programming dialogs 7
6 Navigation keys and GOTO jump command
10
7 Numerical input and axis selection
8 Touchpad
9 smarT.NC navigation keys
1
10 USB connection 2
1 9
7
5 6
The functions of the individual keys are described on the inside front
cover. 4
1 3
8

Some machine manufacturers do not use the standard

operating panel from HEIDENHAIN. Please refer to your
machine manual in these cases.
Machine panel buttons, e.g. NC START or NC STOP, are
also described in the manual for your machine tool.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 81

2.3 Operating modes

2.3 Operating modes

Manual Operation and El. Handwheel
The Manual Operation mode is required for setting up the machine
tool. In this mode of operation, you can position the machine axes
manually or by increments, set the datums, and tilt the working plane.
The El. Handwheel mode of operation allows you to move the
machine axes manually with the HR electronic handwheel.
Soft keys for selecting the screen layout (select as described
previously)

Window Soft key

Positions

Left: positions, right: status display

Left: positions, right: active collision objects

(FCL4 function).

Positioning with Manual Data Input

This mode of operation is used for programming simple traversing
movements, such as for face milling or prepositioning.
Soft keys for selecting the screen layout
Window Soft key
Program

Left: program blocks, right: status display

Left: program blocks, right: active collision

objects (FCL4 function). If this view is selected,
then the TNC indicates a collision with a red
frame around the graphics window.

82 Introduction
 2.3 Operating modes
Programming and Editing
In this mode of operation you can write your part programs. The FK
free programming feature, the various cycles and the Q parameter
functions help you with programming and add necessary information.
If desired, the programming graphics or the 3-D line graphics (FCL 2
function) display the programmed traverse paths.
Soft keys for selecting the screen layout

Window Soft key

Program

Left: program, right: program structure

Left: program, right: programming graphics

Left: program blocks, right: 3-D line graphics

3-D line graphics

Test Run
In the Test Run mode of operation, the TNC checks programs and
program sections for errors, such as geometrical incompatibilities,
missing or incorrect data within the program or violations of the
working space. This simulation is supported graphically in different
display modes.
With the dynamic collision monitoring (DCM) software option you can
test the program for potential collisions. As during program run, the
TNC takes into account all permanent machine components defined
by the machine manufacturer as well as all measured fixtures.
Soft keys for selecting the screen layout: see "Program Run, Full
Sequence and Program Run, Single Block", page 84.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 83

2.3 Operating modes

Program Run, Full Sequence and Program Run,

Single Block
In the Program Run, Full Sequence mode of operation the TNC
executes a part program continuously to its end or to a manual or
programmed stop. You can resume program run after an interruption.
In the Program Run, Single Block mode of operation you execute each
block separately by pressing the machine START button.
Soft keys for selecting the screen layout

Window Soft key

Program

Left: program, right: program structure

Left: program, right: status

Left: program, right: graphics

Graphics

Left: program blocks, right: active collision

objects (FCL4 function). If this view is selected,
then the TNC indicates a collision with a red
frame around the graphics window.

Active collision objects (FCL4 function). If this

view is selected, then the TNC indicates a
collision with a red frame around the graphics
window.

Soft keys for selecting the screen layout for pallet tables

Window Soft key

Pallet table

Left: program, right: pallet table

Left: pallet table, right: status

Left: pallet table, right: graphics

84 Introduction
 2.4 Status displays
2.4 Status displays
"General" status display
The status display in the lower part of the screen informs you of the
current state of the machine tool. It is displayed automatically in the
following modes of operation:
 Program Run, Single Block and Program Run, Full Sequence, except
if the screen layout is set to display graphics only, and
 Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI).
In the Manual Operation and El. Handwheel modes the status display
appears in the large window.
Information in the status display

Symbol Meaning
ACTL. Actual or nominal coordinates of the current position

XYZ Machine axes; the TNC displays auxiliary axes in

lower-case letters. The sequence and quantity of
displayed axes is determined by the machine tool
builder. Refer to your machine manual for more
information

FSM The displayed feed rate in inches corresponds to one

tenth of the effective value. Spindle speed S, feed
rate F and active M functions

Program run started

Axis is locked

Axis can be moved with the handwheel

Axes are moving under a basic rotation

Axes are moving in a tilted working plane

The M128 function or TCPM FUNCTION is active

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 85

2.4 Status displays

Symbol Meaning
Dynamic Collision Monitoring (DCM) is active

Adaptive Feed Function (AFC) is active (software

option)

One or more global program settings are active

(software option)

Active Chatter Control (ACC) is active (software

option)

Cross Talk Compensation (CTC) for compensation

of acceleration-dependent position errors is active
(software option)

Number of the active presets from the preset table.

If the preset was set manually, the TNC displays the
text MAN behind the symbol

86 Introduction
 2.4 Status displays
Additional status displays
The additional status displays contain detailed information on the
program run. They can be called in all operating modes except for the
Programming and Editing mode of operation.

To switch on the additional status display:

Call the soft-key row for screen layout

Select the screen layout with additional status

display: In the right half of the screen, the TNC shows
the Overview status form

To select an additional status display:

Switch the soft-key rows until the STATUS soft keys

appear

Either select the additional status display directly by

soft key, e.g. positions and coordinates, or

use the switch-over soft keys to select the desired

view

The available status displays described below can be selected either

directly by soft key or with the switch-over soft keys.

Please note that some of the status information described

below is not available unless the associated software
option is enabled on your TNC.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 87

 Overview
2.4 Status displays

After switch-on, the TNC displays the Overview status form, provided
that you have selected the PROGRAM+STATUS screen layout (or
POSITION + STATUS). The overview form contains a summary of the
most important status information, which you can also find on the
various detail forms.

Soft key Meaning

Position display in up to 5 axes

Tool information

Active M functions

Active coordinate transformations

Active subprogram

Active program section repeat

Program called with PGM CALL

Current machining time

Name of the active main program

General program information (PGM tab)

Soft key Meaning

No direct Name of the active main program
selection
possible

Circle center CC (pole)

Dwell time counter

Machining time when the program was

completely simulated in the Test Run operating
mode

Current machining time in percent

Current time

Current feed rate

Active programs

88 Introduction
 2.4 Status displays
General pallet information (PAL tab)

Soft key Meaning

No direct Number of the active pallet preset
selection
possible

Program section repeat/Subprograms (LBL tab)

Soft key Meaning

No direct Active program section repeats with block
selection number, label number, and number of
possible programmed repeats/repeats yet to be run

Active subprogram numbers with block number

in which the subprogram was called and the
label number that was called

Information on standard cycles (CYC tab)

Soft key Meaning

No direct Active machining cycle
selection
possible

Active values of Cycle 32 Tolerance

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 89

2.4 Status displays

Active miscellaneous functions M (M tab)

Soft key Meaning

No direct List of the active M functions with fixed
selection meaning
possible

List of the active M functions that are adapted

by your machine manufacturer

90 Introduction
 2.4 Status displays
Positions and coordinates (POS tab)

Soft key Meaning

Type of position display, e.g. actual position

Value traversed in virtual axis direction VT (only

with "Global Program Settings" software option)

Tilt angle of the working plane

Angle of a basic rotation

Information on handwheel superimpositioning (POS HR tab)

Soft key Meaning

No direct  Axis display: Display of all active machine
selection axes (VT = Virtual axis)
possible  Max. value display:
Maximum permissible traverse range in the
respective axis (defined with M118 or global
program settings)
 Actual value display:
Actual value traversed in the respective axis
using handwheel superimpositioning

Information on tools (TOOL tab)

Soft key Meaning

 T: Tool number and name
 RT: Number and name of a replacement tool

Tool axis

Tool length and radii

Oversizes (delta values) from the tool table

(TAB) and the TOOL CALL (PGM)

Tool life, maximum tool life (TIME 1) and

maximum tool life for TOOL CALL (TIME 2)

Display of the active tool and the (next)

replacement tool

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 91

2.4 Status displays

Tool measurement (TT tab)

The TNC displays the TT tab only if the function is active

on your machine.

Soft key Meaning

No direct Number of the tool to be measured
selection
possible

Display whether the tool radius or the tool

length is being measured

MIN and MAX values of the individual cutting

edges and the result of measuring the rotating
tool (DYN = dynamic measurement)

Cutting edge number with the corresponding

measured value. If the measured value is
followed by an asterisk, the allowable tolerance
in the tool table was exceeded The TNC
displays the measured values of up to 24 teeth.

Coordinate transformations (TRANS tab)

Soft key Meaning

Name of the active datum table

Active datum number (#), comment from the

active line of the active datum number (DOC)
from Cycle 7

Active datum shift (Cycle 7); The TNC displays

an active datum shift in up to 8 axes

Mirrored axes (Cycle 8)

Active basic rotation

Active rotation angle (Cycle 10)

Active scaling factor/factors (Cycles 11 / 26);

The TNC displays an active scaling factor in up
to 6 axes

Scaling datum

For further information, refer to the User's Manual for Cycles,

"Coordinate Transformation Cycles."

92 Introduction
 2.4 Status displays
Global program settings 1 (GPS1 tab, software option)

The TNC displays the tab only if the function is active on

your machine.

Soft key Meaning

No direct Swapped axes
selection possible

Superimposed datum shift

Superimposed mirroring

Global program settings 2 (GPS2 tab, software option)

The TNC displays the tab only if the function is active on

your machine.

Soft key Meaning

No direct selection Locked axes
possible

Superimposed basic rotation

Superimposed rotation

Active feed rate factor

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 93

2.4 Status displays

Adaptive Feed Control (AFC tab, software option)

The TNC displays the AFC tab only if the function is active
on your machine.

Soft key Meaning

No direct Active mode in which adaptive feed control is
selection running
possible

Active tool (number and name)

Cut number

Current factor of the feed potentiometer in

percent

Active spindle load in percent

Reference load of the spindle

Current spindle speed

Current deviation of the speed

Current machining time

Line diagram, in which the current spindle load

and the value commanded by the TNC for the
feed-rate override are shown

94 Introduction
 2.5 Window manager
2.5 Window manager

The machine tool builder determines the scope of function

and behavior of the window manager. The machine
manual provides further information.

The TNC features the Xfce window manager. Xfce is a standard

application for UNIX-based operating systems, and is used to manage
graphical user interfaces. The following functions are possible with the
window manager:
 Display a task bar for switching between various applications (user
interfaces).
 Manage an additional desktop, on which special applications from
your machine tool builder can run.
 Control the focus between NC-software applications and those of
the machine tool builder.
 The size and position of pop-up windows can be changed. It is also
possible to close, minimize and restore the pop-up windows.

The TNC shows a star in the upper left of the screen if an

application of the window manager or the window
manager itself has caused an error. In this case, switch to
the window manager and correct the problem. If required,
refer to your machine manual.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 95

2.5 Window manager

Task bar
The task bar that can be shown by pressing the left Windows key on
the ASCII keyboard enables you to select different workspaces with
the mouse. The iTNC provides the following workspaces:
 Workspace 1: Active mode of operation
 Workspace 2: Active programming mode
 Workspace 3: Manufacturer's applications (optionally available), e.g.
remote control of a Windows computer
In the task bar you can also select other applications that you have
started together with the TNC (switch for example to the PDF viewer
or TNCguide)
Click the green HEIDENHAIN symbol to open a menu in which you can
get information, make settings or start applications. The following
functions are available:
 About HEROS: Information about the operating system of the TNC
 NC Control: Start and stop the TNC software. Only permitted for
diagnostic purposes
 Web Browser: Start Mozilla Firefox
 RemoteDesktopManager: Configuration of the
RemoteDesktopManager software option
 Diagnostics: Available only to authorized specialists to start
diagnostic functions
 Settings: Configuration of miscellaneous settings
 Screen savers: Configuration of the available screen savers
 Date/Time: Set the date and time
 Firewall: Configuration of the firewall
 Language: Language setting for the system dialogs. During startup
the TNC overwrites this setting with the language setting of MP
7230
 Network: Network setting
 SELinux: Configuration of the virus scanner
 Shares: Configure network connections
 VNC: Configuration of the VNC server
 WindowManagerConfig: Configuration of the Window manager
 Tools: Only for authorized users. The applications available under
Tools can be started directly by selecting the pertaining file type in
the file management of the TNC (see "Additional tools for
management of external file types" on page 146)

96 Introduction
 2.6 SELinux security software
2.6 SELinux security software
SELinux is an extension for Linux-based operating systems. SELinux
is an additional security software package based on Mandatory
Access Control (MAC) and protects the system against the running of
unauthorized processes or functions and therefore protects against
viruses and other malware.
MAC means that each action must be specifically permitted otherwise
the TNC will not run it. The software is intended as protection in
addition to the normal access restriction in Linux. Certain processes
and actions can only be executed if the standard functions and access
control of SELinux permit it.

The SELinux installation of the TNC is prepared to permit

running of only those programs installed with the
HEIDENHAIN NC software. You cannot run other
programs with the standard installation.

The access control of SELinux under HEROS 5 is regulated as follows:

 The TNC runs only those applications installed with the
HEIDENHAIN NC software.
 Files in connection with the security of the software (SELinux
system files, HEROS 5 boot files, etc.) may only be changed by
programs that are selected explicitly.
 New files generated by other programs must never be executed.
 There are only two processes that are permitted to execute new
files:
 Starting of a software update
A software update from HEIDENHAIN can replace or change
system files.
 Starting of the SELinux configuration
The configuration of SELinux is usually password-protected by
your machine tool builder. Refer here to the relevant machine tool
manual.

HEIDENHAIN generally recommends activating SELinux

because it provides additional protection against attacks
from outside.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 97

2.7 Accessories: HEIDENHAIN touch probes and electronic handwheels

2.7 Accessories: HEIDENHAIN

touch probes and electronic
handwheels
Touch probes
The various HEIDENHAIN touch probes enable you to:
 Automatically align workpieces
 Quickly and precisely set datums
 Measure the workpiece during program run
 Measure and inspect tools

All of the touch probe functions are described in the

User’s Manual for Cycles. Please contact HEIDENHAIN if
you require a copy of this User’s Manual. ID: 670388-xx.
Please note that HEIDENHAIN grants a warranty for the
function of the touch probe cycles only if HEIDENHAIN
touch probes are used!

TS 220, TS 640 and TS 440 touch trigger probes

These touch probes are particularly effective for automatic workpiece
alignment, datum setting and workpiece measurement. The TS 220
transmits the triggering signals to the TNC via cable and is a cost-
effective alternative for applications where digitizing is not frequently
required.
The TS 640 (see figure) and the smaller TS 440 feature infrared
transmission of the triggering signal to the TNC. This makes them
highly convenient for use on machines with automatic tool changers.
Principle of operation: HEIDENHAIN triggering touch probes feature a
wear resisting optical switch that generates an electrical signal as
soon as the stylus is deflected. This signal is transmitted to the
control, which stores the current position of the stylus as the actual
value.

98 Introduction
 2.7 Accessories: HEIDENHAIN touch probes and electronic handwheels
TT 140 tool touch probe for tool measurement
The TT 140 is a triggering touch probe for tool measurement and
inspection. Your TNC provides three cycles for this touch probe with
which you can measure the tool length and radius automatically either
with the spindle rotating or stopped. The TT 140 features a particularly
rugged design and a high degree of protection, which make it
insensitive to coolants and swarf. The triggering signal is generated by
a wear-resistant and highly reliable optical switch.

HR electronic handwheels
Electronic handwheels facilitate moving the axis slides precisely by
hand. A wide range of traverses per handwheel revolution is available.
Apart from the HR130 and HR150 integral handwheels, HEIDENHAIN
also offers the HR 520 and HR 550 FS portable handwheels. You will
find a detailed description of HR 520 in Chapter 14 of this manual (see
"Traversing with electronic handwheels" on page 569).

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 99

 2.7 Accessories: HEIDENHAIN touch probes and electronic handwheels

100
Introduction
Programming:
Fundamentals, File
Management
3.1 Fundamentals

3.1 Fundamentals
Position encoders and reference marks
Z
The machine axes are equipped with position encoders that register
the positions of the machine table or tool. Linear axes are usually Y
equipped with linear encoders, rotary tables and tilting axes with angle
encoders. X
When a machine axis moves, the corresponding position encoder
generates an electrical signal. The TNC evaluates this signal and
calculates the precise actual position of the machine axis.
If there is a power interruption, the calculated position will no longer
correspond to the actual position of the machine slide. To recover this
association, incremental position encoders are provided with
reference marks. The scales of the position encoders contain one or
more reference marks that transmit a signal to the TNC when they are
crossed over. From that signal the TNC can re-establish the
assignment of displayed positions to machine positions. For linear
encoders with distance-coded reference marks, the machine axes
need to move by no more than 20 mm, for angle encoders by no more
than 20°.
With absolute encoders, an absolute position value is transmitted to
the control immediately upon switch-on. In this way the assignment XMP
of the actual position to the machine slide position is re-established
directly after switch-on.
X (Z,Y)
Reference system
A reference system is required to define positions in a plane or in
space. The position data are always referenced to a predetermined
point and are described through coordinates.
The Cartesian coordinate system (a rectangular coordinate system) is
based on the three coordinate axes X, Y and Z. The axes are mutually
perpendicular and intersect at one point called the datum. A
coordinate identifies the distance from the datum in one of these
directions. A position in a plane is thus described through two
coordinates, and a position in space through three coordinates.
Coordinates that are referenced to the datum are referred to as Z
absolute coordinates. Relative coordinates are referenced to any other
known position (reference point) you define within the coordinate
system. Relative coordinate values are also referred to as incremental
coordinate values. Y

102 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.1 Fundamentals
Reference system on milling machines
When using a milling machine, you orient tool movements to the
Cartesian coordinate system. The illustration at right shows how the
Cartesian coordinate system describes the machine axes. The figure
illustrates the right-hand rule for remembering the three axis +Y +Z
directions: the middle finger points in the positive direction of the tool +X
axis from the workpiece toward the tool (the Z axis), the thumb points
in the positive X direction, and the index finger in the positive Y
direction.
The iTNC 530 can control up to 18 axes. The axes U, V and W are
secondary linear axes parallel to the main axes X, Y and Z, respectively.
+Z
Rotary axes are designated as A, B and C. The illustration at lower right +X
shows the assignment of secondary axes and rotary axes to the main +Y
axes.
In addition, the machine tool builder can define any number of auxiliary
axes identified by lowercase letters

Y W+
C+
B+
V+ A+ X

U+

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 103

3.1 Fundamentals

Polar coordinates
If the production drawing is dimensioned in Cartesian coordinates, you
also write the NC program using Cartesian coordinates. For parts
containing circular arcs or angles it is often simpler to give the Y
dimensions in polar coordinates.
While the Cartesian coordinates X, Y and Z are three-dimensional and PR
can describe points in space, polar coordinates are two-dimensional PA2
and describe points in a plane. Polar coordinates have their datum at a
circle center (CC), or pole. A position in a plane can be clearly defined PA3 PR
by the: PR
PA1
 Polar Radius, the distance from the circle center CC to the position, 10 0°
CC
and the
 Polar Angle, the value of the angle between the angle reference axis
and the line that connects the circle center CC with the position. X
30
Setting the pole and the angle reference axis
The pole is set by entering two Cartesian coordinates in one of the
three planes. These coordinates also set the reference axis for the
polar angle PA.

Pole coordinates (plane) Reference axis of the angle

Z Y
X/Y +X

Y/Z +Y

Z/X +Z Z
Y
X
Z Y

104 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.1 Fundamentals
Absolute and incremental workpiece positions
Absolute workpiece positions
Absolute coordinates are position coordinates that are referenced to
the datum of the coordinate system (origin). Each position on the Y
workpiece is uniquely defined by its absolute coordinates.
Example 1: Holes dimensioned in absolute coordinates 3
30
Hole 1 Hole 2 Hole 3 2
X = 10 mm X = 30 mm X = 50 mm 20
Y = 10 mm Y = 20 mm Y = 30 mm 1
10

Incremental workpiece positions

Incremental coordinates are referenced to the last programmed X
nominal position of the tool, which serves as the relative (imaginary)
10 30 50
datum. When you write an NC program in incremental coordinates,
you thus program the tool to move by the distance between the
previous and the subsequent nominal positions. This is why they are
also referred to as chain dimensions.
To program a position in incremental coordinates, enter the function "I" Y
before the axis.
Example 2: Holes dimensioned in incremental coordinates 6
Absolute coordinates of hole 4 5
10

X = 10 mm
Y = 10 mm 4
10

Hole 5 with respect to hole 4 Hole 6 with respect to hole 5

10

X = 20 mm X = 20 mm
Y = 10 mm Y = 10 mm
10 20 20 X
Absolute and incremental polar coordinates
Absolute polar coordinates always refer to the pole and the angle
reference axis.
Incremental coordinates always refer to the last programmed nominal
position of the tool.
Y

+IPR
PR

+IPA +IPA PR
PR PA
10 0°
CC

X
30

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3.1 Fundamentals

Setting the datum

A production drawing identifies a certain form element of the
workpiece, usually a corner, as the absolute datum. When setting the
datum, you first align the workpiece along the machine axes, and then
move the tool in each axis to a defined position relative to the
workpiece. Set the display of the TNC either to zero or to a known
Z
position value for each position. This establishes the reference system MAX
for the workpiece, which will be used for the TNC display and your part Y
program.
If the production drawing is dimensioned in relative coordinates,
simply use the coordinate transformation cycles (see User’s Manual X
for Cycle Programming, Cycles for Coordinate Transformation).
If the production drawing is not dimensioned for NC, set the datum at
a position or corner on the workpiece from which the dimensions of
the remaining workpiece positions can be most easily measured. MIN

The fastest, easiest and most accurate way of setting the datum is by
using a touch probe from HEIDENHAIN. See "Datum setting with
touch probes" in the Touch Probe Cycles User’s Manual.
Y
Example
The workpiece drawing shows holes (1 to 4), whose dimensions are 7 150
shown with respect to an absolute datum with the coordinates X=0 3 4
0
Y=0. The coordinates of holes 5 to 7 refer to the relative datum with 750 6
the absolute coordinates X=450 Y=750. By using the DATUM SHIFT 5 -150
cycle you can shift the datum temporarily to the position X=450, 300±0,1
Y=750 and program the holes (5 to 7) without further calculations.

0
320
1 2

X
325 450 900
950

106 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.2 Creating and writing programs
3.2 Creating and writing programs
Organization of an NC program in HEIDENHAIN
Conversational format
A part program consists of a series of program blocks. The figure at
right illustrates the elements of a block.
The TNC numbers the blocks in ascending sequence.
The first block of a program is identified by BEGIN PGM, the program
Set
name and the active unit of measure.
10 L X+10 Y+5 R0 F100 M3
The subsequent blocks contain information on:
 The workpiece blank
 Tool calls Path function Words
 Approaching a safe position
 Feed rates and spindle speeds, as well as Block no.
 Path contours, cycles and other functions
The last block of a program is identified by END PGM, the program name
and the active unit of measure.

Danger of collision!
After each tool call, HEIDENHAIN recommends always
traversing to a safe position from which the TNC can
position the tool for machining without causing a collision!

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3.2 Creating and writing programs

Define the blank: BLK FORM

Immediately after initiating a new program, you define a cuboid
workpiece blank. If you wish to define the blank at a later stage, press
the SPEC FCT key and then the PROGRAM DEFAULTS and BLK
FORM soft keys. This definition is needed for the TNC’s graphic
simulation feature. The sides of the workpiece blank lie parallel to the
X, Y and Z axes and can be up to 100 000 mm long. The workpiece
blank is defined by two of its corner points:
 MIN point: the smallest X, Y and Z coordinates of the blank form,
entered as absolute values
 MAX point: the largest X, Y and Z coordinates of the blank form,
entered as absolute or incremental values

You only need to define the workpiece blank if you wish

to run a graphic test for the program!

108 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.2 Creating and writing programs
Creating a new part program
You always enter a part program in the Programming and Editing
mode of operation. An example of program initiation:

Select the Programming and Editing mode of

operation

Call the file manager: Press the PGM MGT key

Select the directory in which you wish to store the new program:

FILE NAME = OLD.H

Enter the new program name and confirm your entry

with the ENT key

Select the unit of measure: Press the MM or INCH

soft key. The TNC switches the screen layout and
initiates the dialog for defining the BLK FORM
(workpiece blank)

WORKING SPINDLE AXIS X/Y/Z?

Enter spindle axis, e.g. Z

DEF BLK FORM: MIN-CORNER ?

Enter in sequence the X, Y and Z coordinates of the

MIN point and confirm each of your entries with the
ENT key.

DEF BLK FORM: MAX CORNER?

Enter in sequence the X, Y and Z coordinates of the

MAX point and confirm each of your entries with the
ENT key

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3.2 Creating and writing programs

Example: Display the BLK form in the NC program

0 BEGIN PGM NEW MM Program begin, name, unit of measure
1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-40 Spindle axis, MIN point coordinates
2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 MAX point coordinates
3 END PGM NEW MM Program end, name, unit of measure

The TNC automatically generates the block numbers as well as the

BEGIN and END blocks.

If you do not wish to define a blank form, cancel the dialog

at Working spindle axis X/Y/Z by pressing the DEL key.
The TNC can display the graphics only if the shortest side
is at least 50 µm long and the longest side is no longer
than 99 999.999 mm.

110 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.2 Creating and writing programs
Programming tool movements in conversational
format
To program a block, initiate the dialog by pressing a function key. In the
screen headline, the TNC then asks you for all the information
necessary to program the desired function.

Example of a positioning block

Start block

COORDINATES?

Enter the target coordinate for the X axis

10

Enter the target coordinate for the Y axis, and go to

20
the next question with ENT

TOOL RADIUS COMP: RL/RR/NO COMP?

Enter “No radius compensation” and go to the next

question with ENT

FEED RATE F=? / F MAX = ENT

Enter a feed rate of 100 mm/min for this path contour;

100
go to the next question with ENT

MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTION M?

Enter the miscellaneous function M3 "spindle ON."

3
Pressing the ENT key terminates this dialog

The program-block window displays the following line:

3 L X+10 Y+5 R0 F100 M3

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3.2 Creating and writing programs

Possible feed rate input

Functions for setting the feed rate Soft key

Rapid traverse, non-modal. Exception: If defined
before an APPR block, FMAX is also in effect for
moving to an auxiliary point (see "Important
positions for approach and departure" on page
226)

Traverse feed rate automatically calculated in

TOOL CALL

Move at the programmed feed rate (unit of

measure is mm/min or 1/10 inch/min). With
rotary axes, the TNC interprets the feed rate in
degrees/min, regardless of whether the program
is written in mm or inches

With FT, instead of a speed you define a time in

seconds (input range 0.001 to 999.999 seconds),
in which the programmed path is to be traversed.
FT is effective only blockwise.

With FMAXT, instead of a speed you define a time

in seconds (input range 0.001 to 999.999
seconds), in which the programmed path is to be
traversed. FMAXT is effective only for keyboards
with a rapid traverse potentiometer. FMAXT is
effective only blockwise.

Define the feed per revolution (units in mm/rev or

inch/rev). Caution: In inch-programs, FU cannot
be combined with M136

Define the tooth feed (units in mm/tooth or

inch/tooth). The number of teeth must be defined
in the tool table in the CUT. column.

Functions for conversational guidance Key

Ignore the dialog question

End the dialog immediately

Abort the dialog and erase the block

112 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.2 Creating and writing programs
Actual position capture
The TNC enables you to transfer the current tool position into the
program, for example during
 Positioning-block programming
 Cycle programming
 Tool definition with TOOL DEF
To transfer the correct position values, proceed as follows:
 Place the input box at the position in the block where you want to
insert a position value
 Select the actual-position-capture function: In the soft-
key row the TNC displays the axes whose positions
can be transferred
 Select the axis: The TNC writes the current position of
the selected axis into the active input box

In the working plane the TNC always captures the

coordinates of the tool center, even though tool radius
compensation is active.
In the tool axis the TNC always captures the coordinates
of the tool tip and thus always takes the active tool length
compensation into account.
The TNC keeps the soft-key row for axis selection active
until you deactivate it by pressing the actual-position-
capture key again. This behavior remains in effect even if
you save the current block and open a new one with a path
function key. If you select a block element in which you
must choose an input alternative via soft key (e.g. for
radius compensation), then the TNC also closes the soft-
key row for axis selection.
The actual-position-capture function is not allowed if the
tilted working plane function is active.

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3.2 Creating and writing programs

Editing a program

You cannot edit a program while it is being run by the TNC

in a machine operating mode. The TNC allows you to place
the cursor in the block, but it does not save the changes
and responds instead with an error message.

While you are creating or editing a part program, you can select any
desired line in the program or individual words in a block with the
arrow keys or the soft keys:

Function Soft key/Keys

Go to previous page

Go to next page

Go to beginning of program

Go to end of program

Change the position of the current block on

the screen. Press this soft key to display
additional program blocks that are
programmed before the current block

Change the position of the current block on

the screen. Press this soft key to display
additional program blocks that are
programmed after the current block

Move from one block to the next

Select individual words in a block

To select a certain block, press the GOTO key,

enter the desired block number, and confirm
with the ENT key. Or: Enter any number and
press the N LINES soft key to jump up or
down the entered number of lines.

114 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.2 Creating and writing programs
Function Soft key/key
Set the selected word to zero

Erase an incorrect number

Clear a (non-blinking) error message

Delete the selected word

Delete the selected block

Erase cycles and program sections

Insert the block that you last edited or deleted

Inserting blocks at any desired location

 Select the block after which you want to insert a new block and
initiate the dialog

Deliberately saving changes

The TNC normally saves changes automatically if you switch the
operating mode or if you select the file manager or MOD function. If
you deliberately want to save changes to the program, proceed as
follows:
 Select the soft-key row with the saving functions
 Press the SAVE soft key for the TNC to save all changes made since
the last time you saved the program

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3.2 Creating and writing programs

Saving a program to a new file

If desired, you can save the contents of the currently active program
under a different program name. Proceed as follows:
 Select the soft-key row with the saving functions
 Press the SAVE AS soft key: The TNC opens a window in which you
can enter the directory and the new file name
 Enter the file name and confirm with the OK soft key or the ENT key,
or press the CANCEL soft key to abort

Undoing changes
If desired, you can undo all changes made since the last time you
saved the program. Proceed as follows:
 Select the soft-key row with the saving functions
 Press the CANCEL CHANGE soft key: The TNC opens a window in
which you can confirm or cancel this action
 Press the YES soft key or the ENT key to discard the changes made.
Abort with the NO soft key

Editing and inserting words

 Select a word in a block and overwrite it with the new one. The plain-
language dialog is available while the word is highlighted
 To accept the change, press the END key

If you want to insert a word, press the horizontal arrow key repeatedly
until the desired dialog appears. You can then enter the desired value.

116 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.2 Creating and writing programs
Looking for the same words in different blocks
Set the AUTO DRAW soft key to OFF.

Select a word in a block: Press the arrow keys

repeatedly until the highlight is on the desired word

Select a block with the arrow keys

The word that is highlighted in the new block is the same as the one
you selected previously.

If you have started a search in a very long program, the

TNC shows a progress display window. You then have the
option of canceling the search via soft key.

Finding any text

 Select the search function: Press the FIND soft key. The TNC
displays the Find text: dialog prompt
 Enter the text that you wish to find
 Find the text: Press the EXECUTE soft key

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3.2 Creating and writing programs

Marking, copying, deleting and inserting program sections

The TNC provides certain functions for copying program sections
within an NC program or into another NC program—see the table
below.
To copy a program section, proceed as follows:
 Select the soft-key row containing the marking functions
 Select the first (last) block of the section you wish to copy
 To mark the first (last) block, press the SELECT BLOCK soft key.
The TNC then highlights the first character of the block and the
CANCEL SELECTION soft key appears
 Move the highlight to the last (first) block of the program section you
wish to copy or delete. The TNC shows the marked blocks in a
different color. You can end the marking function at any time by
pressing the CANCEL SELECTION soft key
 To copy the selected program section, press the COPY BLOCK soft
key. To delete the selected section, press the DELETE BLOCK soft
key. The TNC stores the selected block
 Using the arrow keys, select the block after which you wish to insert
the copied (deleted) program section

To insert the section into another program, select the

corresponding program using the file manager and then
mark the block after which you wish to insert the copied
block.

 To insert the block, press the INSERT BLOCK soft key

 To end the marking function, press the CANCEL SELECTION soft
key

Function Soft key

Switch the marking function on

Switch the marking function off

Delete the marked block

Insert the block that is stored in the buffer

memory

Copy the marked block

118 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.2 Creating and writing programs
The TNC search function
The search function of the TNC enables you to search for any text
within a program and replace it by a new text, if required.

Finding any text

 If required, select the block containing the word you wish to find
 Select the search function: The TNC superimposes
the search window and displays the available search
functions in the soft-key row (see table of search
functions)
 Enter the text to be searched for. Please note that the
+40
search is case-sensitive
 Start the search process: The TNC displays the
available search options in the soft-key row (see the
table of search options)
 If required, change the search options

 Start the search process: The TNC moves to the next

block containing the text you are searching for
 Repeat the search process: The TNC moves to the
next block containing the text you are searching for
 End the search function

Search functions Soft key

Show the pop-up window containing the last
search items. Use the arrow keys to select a
search item and confirm with the ENT key.

Show the pop-up window containing possible

search items of the current block. Use the arrow
keys to select a search item and confirm with the
ENT key.

Show the pop-up window containing a selection

of the most important NC functions. Use the
arrow keys to select a search item and confirm
with the ENT key.

Activate the Search/Replace function

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3.2 Creating and writing programs

Search options Soft key

Define the search direction

Define the end of the search: With COMPLETE,

the search starts at the current block and
continues until it reaches it again

Start a new search

Finding/Replacing any text

The find/replace function is not possible if

 a program is protected
 the program is currently being run by the TNC
When using the REPLACE ALL function, ensure that you
do not accidentally replace text that you do not want to
change. Once replaced, such text cannot be restored.

 If required, select the block containing the word you wish to find
 Select the Search function: The TNC superimposes
the search window and displays the available search
functions in the soft-key row
 Activate the Replace function: The TNC superimposes
a window for entering the text to be inserted
 Enter the text to be searched for. Please note that the
search is case-sensitive. Then confirm with the ENT
key
 Enter the text to be inserted. Please note that the
entry is case-sensitive
 Start the search process: The TNC displays the
available search options in the soft-key row (see the
table of search options)
 If required, change the search options

 Start the search process: The TNC moves to the next

occurrence of the text you are searching for
 To replace the text and then move to the next
occurrence of the text, press the REPLACE soft key.
To replace all text occurrences, press the REPLACE
ALL soft key. To skip the text and move to its next
occurrence press the DO NOT REPLACE soft key
 End the search function

120 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.3 File management: Fundamentals
3.3 File management:
Fundamentals
Files

Files in the TNC Model

Programs
In HEIDENHAIN format .H
In DIN/ISO format .I

smarT.NC files
Structured unit programs .HU
Contour descriptions .HC
Point tables for machining positions .HP

Tables for
Tools .T
Tool changers .TCH
Pallets .P
Zero points .D
Points .PNT
Presets .PR
Cutting data .CDT
Cutting materials, workpiece materials .TAB

Texts as
ASCII files .A
Help files .CHM

Drawing data as
ASCII files .DXF

Other files
Fixture templates .CFT
Parameterized fixtures .CFX
Dependent data (such as structure items) .DEP
Archive .ZIP

When you write a part program on the TNC, you must first enter a
program name. The TNC saves the program to the hard disk as a file
with the same name. The TNC can also save texts and tables as files.
The TNC provides a special file management window in which you can
easily find and manage your files. Here you can call, copy, rename and
erase files.
You can manage an almost unlimited number of files with the TNC, at
least 21 GB. The actual size of the hard disk depends on the main
computer installed in your machine. Please refer to the specifications.
A single NC program can be up to 2 GB in size.

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3.3 File management: Fundamentals

File names
When you store programs, tables and texts as files, the TNC adds an
extension to the file name, separated by a point. This extension
indicates the file type.

PROG20 .H
File name File type

File names should not exceed 25 characters, otherwise the TNC

cannot display the entire file name.
File names on the TNC must comply with this standard: The Open
Group Base Specifications Issue 6 IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition
(Posix-Standard). Accordingly, the file names may include the
characters below:
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghi
jklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789._-
You should not use any other characters in file names in order to
prevent any file transfer problems.

The maximum limit for the path and file name together is
82 characters (see "Paths" on page 124).

122 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.3 File management: Fundamentals
Showing externally created files on the TNC
The TNC features several additional tools which you can use to display
the files shown in the table below. Some of the files can also be
edited.

File types Type

PDF files pdf
Excel tables xls
csv
Internet files html

Text files txt

ini

Graphics files bmp

gif
jpg
png

For further information about displaying and editing the listed file
types: See "Additional tools for management of external file types" on
page 146.

Data backup
We recommend saving newly written programs and files on a PC at
regular intervals.
The TNCremoNT data transmission freeware from HEIDENHAIN is a
simple and convenient method for backing up data stored on the TNC.
You additionally need a data medium on which all machine-specific
data, such as the PLC program, machine parameters, etc., are stored.
Ask your machine manufacturer for assistance, if necessary.

Saving the contents of the entire hard disk (2GB) can take
up to several hours. In this case, it is a good idea to save
the data outside of work hours, e.g. during the night.
Take the time occasionally to delete any unneeded files so
that the TNC always has enough hard-disk space for
system files (such as the tool table).

Depending on operating conditions (e.g., vibration load),

hard disks generally have a higher failure rate after three to
five years of service. HEIDENHAIN therefore
recommends having the hard disk inspected after three to
five years.

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3.4 Working with the file manager

3.4 Working with the file manager

Directories
To ensure that you can easily find your files, we recommend that you
organize your hard disk into directories. You can divide a directory into
further directories, which are called subdirectories. With the –/+ key or
ENT you can show or hide the subdirectories.

The TNC can manage up to 6 directory levels.

If you save more than 512 files in one directory, the TNC
no longer sorts them alphabetically.

Directory names
The maximum limit for the path, including the directory name, is 82
characters (see "Paths" on page 124).

Paths
A path indicates the drive and all directories and subdirectories under
which a file is saved. The individual names are separated by a
backslash "\".

The path, including all drive characters, directory and the

file name, including the extension, must not exceed 82
characters.
Drive designations must not include more than 8
uppercase letters.

Example
The directory AUFTR1 was created on the TNC:\ drive. Then, in the
AUFTR1 directory, the directory NCPROG was created and the part TNC:\
program PROG1.H was copied into it. The part program now has the
following path: AUFTR1
TNC:\AUFTR1\NCPROG\PROG1.H NCPROG
The chart at right illustrates an example of a directory display with WZTAB
different paths.
A35K941
ZYLM
TESTPROG
HUBER
KAR25T

124 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.4 Working with the file manager
Overview: Functions of the file manager

If you want to use the old file management system, you

must use the MOD function to switch to the old file
manager (see "Changing the PGM MGT setting" on page
679).

Function Soft key Page

Copy (and convert) individual files Page 133

Select target directory Page 133

Display a specific file type Page 129

Create new file Page 132

Display the last 10 files that were Page 136

selected

Delete a file or directory Page 137

Tag a file Page 138

Rename a file Page 140

Protect a file against editing and erasure Page 141

Cancel file protection Page 141

Archive files Page 144

Restore files from archive Page 145

Open a smarT.NC program Page 131

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3.4 Working with the file manager

Function Soft key Page

Manage network drives Page 153

Copy a directory Page 136

Update the directory tree, e.g. to be able

to see if a new directory was created
while the file manager was opened.

126 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.4 Working with the file manager
Calling the file manager

Press the PGM MGT key: The TNC displays the file
management window (see figure for default setting.
If the TNC displays a different screen layout, press
the WINDOW soft key.)

The narrow window on the left shows the available drives and
directories. Drives designate devices with which data are stored or
transferred. One drive is the hard disk of the TNC. Other drives are the
interfaces (RS232, RS422, Ethernet), which can be used, for example,
to connect a personal computer. A directory is always identified by a
folder symbol to the left and the directory name to the right.
Subdirectories are shown to the right of and below their parent
directories. A triangle in front of the folder symbol indicates that there
are further subdirectories, which can be shown with the –/+ or ENT
keys.

The TNC always shows drives in the following sequence:

 First serial interfaces (RS232 and RS422)
 Then the TNC drive
 Then all other drives
Within the three groups the TNC shows the drives in
alphabetically ascending order.

The wide window on the right shows you all files that are stored in the
selected directory. Each file is shown with additional information,
illustrated in the table below.

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3.4 Working with the file manager

Display Meaning
File name Name with max. 25 characters

Type File type

Size File size in bytes

Changed Date and time that the file was last changed.
The date format can be set

Status File properties:

E: Program is selected in the Programming
and Editing mode of operation.
S: Program is selected in the Test Run mode
of operation.
M: Program is selected in a Program Run
mode of operation.
P: File is protected against deletion and
editing.
+: Dependent files exist (structure file, tool-
usage file)

For most file types, the TNC also displays a preview of the currently
highlighted file in the window at bottom left. With very large files, it
may take some time for the preview to appear. You can also
deactivate the file preview function (see "Adapting the file manager"
on page 142)

128 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.4 Working with the file manager
Selecting drives, directories and files

Call the file manager

Use the arrow keys or the soft keys to move the highlight to the
desired position on the screen:

Moves the highlight from the left to the right window,

and vice versa

Moves the highlight up and down within a window

Moves the highlight one page up or down within a

window

Step 1: Select drive

Move the highlight to the desired drive in the left window:

To select a drive, press the SELECT soft key, or

Press the ENT key

Step 2: Select a directory

Move the highlight to the desired directory in the left-hand window—

the right-hand window automatically shows all files stored in the
highlighted directory

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3.4 Working with the file manager

Step 3: Select a file

Press the SELECT TYPE soft key

Press the soft key for the desired file type, or

Press the SHOW ALL soft key to display all files; or

4*.H Use wild card characters, e.g. to show all files of the
file type .H that begin with 4

Move the highlight to the desired file in the right window:

Press the SELECT soft key, or

Press the ENT key

The TNC opens the selected file in the operating mode from which you
called the file manager

130 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.4 Working with the file manager
Selecting smarT.NC programs
Programs created in the smarT.NC operating mode can be opened in
the Programming and Editing mode with either the smarT.NC editor
or the conversational editor. By default the TNC always opens .HU and
.HC programs with the smarT.NC editor. If you want to open the
programs in the conversational editor, proceed as follows:

Call the file manager

With the arrow keys or the soft keys you can move the highlight to an
.HU or an .HC file:

Moves the highlight from the left to the right window,

and vice versa

Moves the highlight up and down within a window

Moves the highlight one page up or down within a

window

Shift the soft-key row

Select the submenu for selecting the editor

Open the .HU or .HC program with the conversational

editor.

Open the .HU program with the smarT.NC editor.

Open the .HC program with the smarT.NC editor

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3.4 Working with the file manager

Creating a new directory (only possible on the

drive TNC:\)

Move the highlight in the left window to the directory in which you
want to create a subdirectory

NEW Enter the new file name, and confirm with ENT

CREATE \NEW DIRECTORY?

Press the YES soft key to confirm, or

Abort with the NO soft key

Creating a new file (only possible on the drive

TNC:\)

Select the directory in which you wish to create the new file

NEW Enter the new file name with the file extension, and
confirm with ENT

Open the dialog box for creating a new file

NEW Enter the new file name with the file extension, and
confirm with ENT

132 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.4 Working with the file manager
Copying a single file
 Move the highlight to the file you wish to copy
 Press the COPY soft key to select the copy function.
The TNC displays a soft-key row with soft keys for
different functions. You can also start the copy
process by pressing CTRL+C
 Enter the name of the target file and confirm your
entry with the ENT key or OK soft key: the TNC
copies the file to the active directory or to the
selected target directory. The original file is retained.
 Press the Target Directory soft key to call a pop-up
window in which you select the target directory by
pressing the ENT key or the OK soft key: the TNC
copies the file to the selected directory. The original
file is retained

When the copying process has been started with ENT or

the OK soft key, the TNC displays a pop-up window with a
progress indicator.

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3.4 Working with the file manager

Copying files into another directory

 Select a screen layout with two equally sized windows
 To display directories in both windows, press the PATH soft key
In the right window
 Move the highlight to the directory into which you wish to copy the
files, and display the files in this directory with the ENT key
In the left window
 Select the directory with the files that you wish to copy and press
ENT to display the files in this directory.
 Call the file tagging functions

 Move the highlight to the file you want to copy and tag
it. You can tag several files in this way, if desired
 Copy the tagged files into the target directory

Additional tagging functions: see "Tagging files", page 138.

If you have tagged files in both the left and right windows, the TNC
copies from the directory in which the highlight is located.

Overwriting files
If you copy files into a directory in which other files are stored under
the same name, the TNC will ask whether the files in the target
directory should be overwritten:
 To overwrite all files, press the YES soft key, or
 To overwrite no files, press the NO soft key, or
 To confirm each file separately before overwriting it, press the
CONFIRM soft key
If you wish to overwrite a protected file, this must also be confirmed
or aborted separately.

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 3.4 Working with the file manager
Copying a table
If you are copying tables, you can overwrite individual rows or columns
in the target table with the REPLACE FIELDS soft key. Prerequisites:
 The target table must already exist
 The file to be copied must only contain the columns or lines you
want to replace

The REPLACE FIELDS soft key does not appear if you want
to overwrite the table in the TNC with an external data
transfer software, such as TNCremoNT. Copy the
externally created file into a different directory, and then
copy the desired fields with the TNC file management.
The file extension of the externally created table should be
.A (ASCII). In these cases the table can contain any
number of lines. If you create a file of type *.T, then the
table must contain sequential line numbers beginning with
0.

Example
With a tool presetter you have measured the length and radius of ten
new tools. The tool presetter then generates the tool table TOOL.A
with 10 rows (for the 10 tools) and the columns
 Tool number (column T)
 Tool length (column L)
 Tool radius (column R)
 Copy this table from the external data medium to any directory
 Copy the externally created table over the existing table using the
TNC file manager. The TNC asks if you wish to overwrite the
existing TOOL.T tool table:
 If you press the YES soft key, the TNC will completely overwrite the
current TOOL.T tool table. After this copying process the new
TOOL.T table consists of 10 lines. The only remaining columns in
the table are tool number, tool length and tool radius
 Or, if you press the REPLACE FIELDS soft key, the TNC merely
overwrites the first 10 lines of the number, length and radius
columns in the TOOL.T file. The data of the other lines and columns
is not changed

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3.4 Working with the file manager

Copying a directory

In order to copy directories, you must have set the view so

that the TNC displays directories in the window on the
right (see "Adapting the file manager" on page 142).
Please note that when copying directories, the TNC only
copies those files that are displayed by the current filter
settings.

 Move the highlight in the right window onto the directory you want
to copy
 Press the COPY soft key: the TNC opens the window for selecting
the target directory
 Select the target directory and confirm with ENT or the OK soft key:
The TNC copies the selected directory and all its subdirectories to
the selected target directory

Choosing one of the last files selected

Call the file manager

Display the last 15 files selected: Press the LAST

FILES soft key

Use the arrow keys to move the highlight to the file you wish to select:
Moves the highlight up and down within a window

To select the file, press the SELECT soft key, or

Press the ENT key

136 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.4 Working with the file manager
Deleting a file

Caution: Data may be lost!

Once you delete files they cannot be restored!

 Move the highlight to the file you want to delete

 To select the erasing function, press the DELETE soft
key. The TNC asks whether you really want to delete
the file
 To confirm, press the YES soft key
 To abort erasure, press the NO soft key.

Deleting a directory

Caution: Data may be lost!

Once you delete directories they cannot be undeleted!

 Move the highlight to the directory you want to delete

 To select the erasing function, press the DELETE soft
key. The TNC inquires whether you really intend to
delete the directory and all its subdirectories and files
 To confirm, press the YES soft key
 To abort erasure, press the NO soft key.

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3.4 Working with the file manager

Tagging files

Tagging function Soft key

Move cursor upward

Move cursor downward

Tag a single file

Tag all files in the directory

Untag a single file

Untag all files

Copy all tagged files

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 3.4 Working with the file manager
Some functions, such as copying or erasing files, can not only be used
for individual files, but also for several files at once. To tag several files,
proceed as follows:

Move the highlight to the first file

To display the tagging functions, press the TAG soft

key

To tag a file, press the TAG FILE soft key

Move the highlight to the next file you wish to tag:

Only works via soft keys. Do not use the arrow keys!

To tag further files, press the TAG soft key, etc

To copy the tagged files, press the COPY TAG soft

key, or

Delete the tagged files by pressing the END soft key

to end the tagging functions, and then the DELETE
soft key to delete the tagged files

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3.4 Working with the file manager

Tagging files with shortcuts

 Move the highlight to the first file
 Press and hold the CTRL key.
 Use the arrow keys to move the cursor frame to other files
 Press the spacebar to tag a file.
 When you have tagged all desired files: release the CTRL key and
perform the desired file operation.

CTRL+A tags all of the files in the current directory.

If you press the SHFT key instead of the CTRL key, the
TNC automatically tags all files that you select with the
arrow keys.

Renaming a file
 Move the highlight to the file you want to rename
 Select the renaming function

 Enter the new file name; the file type cannot be

changed
 To execute renaming, press the ENT key

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 3.4 Working with the file manager
Miscellaneous functions
Protecting a file / Canceling file protection
 Move the highlight to the file you want to protect
 Select the miscellaneous functions: press the MORE
FUNCTIONS soft key
 To activate file protection, press the PROTECT soft
key. The file now has status P
 To cancel file protection, press the UNPROTECT soft
key

Connecting/removing a USB device

 Move the highlight to the left window
 Select the miscellaneous functions: press the MORE
FUNCTIONS soft key
 Search for a USB device
 In order to remove the USB device, move the highlight
to the USB device
 Remove the USB device

For more information: See "USB devices on the TNC (FCL 2 function)"
on page 154.

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3.4 Working with the file manager

Adapting the file manager

You open the menu for adapting the file manager either by clicking the
path name or with soft keys:
 Select the file manager: Press the PGM MGT key
 Select the third soft-key row
 Press the MORE FUNCTIONS soft key
 Press the OPTIONS soft key: the TNC displays the menu for
adapting the file manager
 Use the arrow keys to move the highlight to the desired setting
 Activate or deactivate the desired setting with the spacebar
You can adapt the file manager as follows:
 Bookmarks
You can use bookmarks to manage your favorite directories. You
can add or delete the current directory to or from the list, or delete
all bookmarks. All directories that you have added appear in the
bookmark list, making them available for rapid selection
 View...
In the View menu item you specify the type of information the TNC
is to display in the file window
 Date format
In the Date format menu you specify the format in which the TNC
displays the date in the Changed column
 Settings
 Cursor: Change window
If the cursor is in the directory tree: specify if the TNC is to switch
windows when the right arrow key is pressed, or if the TNC is to
open any subdirectories
 Folder: Search
Specify whether the TNC is to search the currently active folder
for subfolders when you navigate in the directory structure
(inactive: increased speed)
 Preview: Show
Specify whether the TNC is to show the preview window (see
"Calling the file manager" on page 127)

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 3.4 Working with the file manager
Working with shortcuts
Shortcuts are commands triggered by certain key combinations.
Shortcuts always perform a function that you can also trigger via soft
key. The following shortcuts are available:
 CTRL+S:
Select a file (see also "Selecting drives, directories and files" on page
129)
 CTRL+N:
Open a dialog box in order to create a new file or directory (see also
"Creating a new file (only possible on the drive TNC:\)" on page 132)
 CTRL+C:
Open a dialog box in order to copy selected files or directories (see
also "Copying a single file" on page 133)
 CTRL+R:
Open a dialog box in order to rename a selected file or directory (see
also "Renaming a file" on page 140)
 DEL key:
Open a dialog box in order to delete selected files or directories (see
also "Deleting a file" on page 137)
 CTRL+O:
Open an "Open with" dialog box (see also "Selecting smarT.NC
programs" on page 131)
 CTRL+W:
Switch the screen layout (see also "Data transfer to or from an
external data medium" on page 151)
 CTRL+E:
Show functions for adapting the file management (see also
"Adapting the file manager" on page 142)
 CTRL+M:
Connect USB device (see also "USB devices on the TNC (FCL 2
function)" on page 154)
 CTRL+K:
Remove USB device (see also "USB devices on the TNC (FCL 2
function)" on page 154)
 SHIFT + UP or DOWN arrow key:
Tag several files or directories (see also "Tagging files" on page 138)
 ESC key:
Cancel function

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3.4 Working with the file manager

Archiving files
You can use the TNC archiving function to save files and directories in
a ZIP archive. You can open the ZIP archives externally using standard
programs.

The TNC packs all the marked files and directories into the
desired ZIP archive. The TNC packs TNC-specific files
(e.g. plain-language programs) in ASCII format so that you
can open them externally with an ASCII editor, if
necessary

Follow the steps outlined below for archiving:

 In the right half of the screen, you mark the files and directories you
want to archive
 Select the miscellaneous functions: press the MORE
FUNCTIONS soft key
 To create an archive, press the ZIP soft key. The TNC
will show a window for entering the archive name
 Enter the desired archive name
 Confirm with the OK soft key: the TNC shows a
window for selecting the directory where you want to
store your archive
 Select the desired directory and confirm with the OK
soft key

If your control is incorporated in your company network

and has write rights, you can store the archive directly on
a network drive.
The shortcut CTRL+Q enables you to directly archive files
that are already marked.

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 3.4 Working with the file manager
Extracting files from archive
Follow the steps outlined below for extracting:
 In the right half of the screen, you mark the ZIP file you want to
extract
 Select the miscellaneous functions: press the MORE
FUNCTIONS soft key
 To extract the selected archive, press the UNZIP soft
key. The TNC will show a window for selecting the
target directory
 Select the desired target directory
 Confirm with the OK soft key and the TNC extracts the
archive

The TNC always extracts the files to the target directory

you have selected. If the archive contains directories, the
TNC creates subdirectories for them.
The shortcut CTRL+T enables you to directly extract a
marked ZIP file.

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3.4 Working with the file manager

Additional tools for management of external file

types
The additional tools enable you to display or edit various externally
created file types on the TNC.

File types Description

PDF files (pdf) Page 146
Excel spreadsheets (xls, csv) Page 147
Internet files (htm, html) Page 147
ZIP archives (zip) Page 148

Text files (ASCII files, e.g. txt, ini) Page 149

Graphics files (bmp, jpg, gif, png) Page 150

If you transfer files from a PC to the control by means of

TNCremoNT, you must have entered the file name
extension pdf, xls, zip, bmp gif, jpg and png in the list of
the file types for binary transmission (menu item Extras
>Configuration >Mode in TNCremoNT).

Displaying PDF files

To open PDF files directly on the TNC, proceed as follows:
 Call the file manager
 Select the directory in which the PDF file is saved
 Move the highlight to the PDF file
 Press ENT: The TNC opens the PDF file in its own
application using the PDF viewer additional tool

With the key combination ALT+TAB you can always return to the TNC
user interface while leaving the PDF file open. Alternatively, you can
also click the corresponding symbol in the task bar to switch back to
the TNC interface.
If you position the mouse pointer over a button, a brief tooltip
explaining the function of this button will be displayed. More
information on how to use the PDF viewer is provided under Help.
To exit the PDF viewer, proceed as follows:
 Use the mouse to select the File menu item
 Select the menu item Close: The TNC returns to the file manager

146 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.4 Working with the file manager
Displaying and editing Excel files
Proceed as follows to open and edit Excel files with the extension xls
or csv directly on the TNC:
 Call the file manager
 Select the directory in which the Excel file is saved
 Move the highlight to the Excel file
 Press ENT: The TNC opens the Excel file in its own
application using the Gnumeric additional tool

With the key combination ALT+TAB you can always return to the TNC
user interface while leaving the Excel file open. Alternatively, you can
also click the corresponding symbol in the task bar to switch back to
the TNC interface.
If you position the mouse pointer over a button, a brief tooltip
explaining the function of this button will be displayed. More
information on how to use the Gnumeric function is provided under
Help.
To exit Gnumeric, proceed as follows:
 Use the mouse to select the File menu item
 Select the menu item Quit: The TNC returns to the file manager

Displaying Internet files

To open Internet files with the extension htm or html directly on the
TNC, proceed as follows:
 Call the file manager
 Select the directory in which the Internet file is saved
 Move the highlight to the Internet file
 Press ENT: The TNC opens the Internet file in its own
application using the Mozilla Firefox additional tool

With the key combination ALT+TAB you can always return to the TNC
user interface while leaving the PDF file open. Alternatively, you can
also click the corresponding symbol in the task bar to switch back to
the TNC interface.
If you position the mouse pointer over a button, a brief tooltip
explaining the function of this button will be displayed. More
information on how to use Mozilla Firefox is provided under Help.
To exit Mozilla Firefox, proceed as follows:
 Use the mouse to select the File menu item
 Select the menu item Quit: The TNC returns to the file manager

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3.4 Working with the file manager

Working with ZIP archives

To open ZIP archives with the extension zip directly on the TNC,
proceed as follows:
 Call the file manager
 Select the directory in which the archive file is saved
 Move the highlight to the archive file
 Press ENT: The TNC opens the archive file in its own
application using the Xarchiver additional tool

With the key combination ALT+TAB you can always return to the TNC
user interface while leaving the archive file open. Alternatively, you
can also click the corresponding symbol in the task bar to switch back
to the TNC interface.
If you position the mouse pointer over a button, a brief tooltip
explaining the function of this button will be displayed. More
information on how to use Xarchiver function is provided under Help.

Please note that the TNC does not carry out any binary-to-
ASCII conversion or vice versa when compressing or
decompressing NC programs and NC tables. When such
files are transferred to TNC controls using other software
versions, the TNC may not be able to read them.

To exit Xarchiver, proceed as follows:

 Use the mouse to select the Archive menu item
 Select the menu item Close: The TNC returns to the file manager

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 3.4 Working with the file manager
Displaying or editing text files
To open and edit text files (ASCII files, e.g. with the extension txt or
ini), proceed as follows:
 Call the file manager
 Select the drive and the directory in which the text file
is saved
 Move the highlight to the text file
 Press the ENT key: The TNC displays a window for
selection of the editor
 Press ENT to select the Mousepad application.
Alternatively, you can also open the TXT files with the
TNC's internal text editor
 The TNC opens the text file in its own application
using the Mousepad additional tool

If you open an H or I file on an external drive and save it

on the TNC drive using Mousepad, the programs are not
converted automatically to the internal control format.
Programs that are saved in this way cannot be run or
opened with the TNC editor.

With the key combination ALT+TAB you can always return to the TNC
user interface while leaving the text file open. Alternatively, you can
also click the corresponding symbol in the task bar to switch back to
the TNC interface.
The shortcuts you are familiar with from Windows, which you can use
to edit texts quickly (CTRL+C, CTRL+V,...), are available within
Mousepad.
To exit Mousepad, proceed as follows:
 Use the mouse to select the File menu item
 Select the menu item Close: The TNC returns to the file manager

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3.4 Working with the file manager

Displaying graphics files

To open graphics files with the extension bmp, gif, jpg or png directly
on the TNC, proceed as follows:
 Call the file manager
 Select the directory in which the graphics file is saved
 Move the highlight to the graphics file
 Press the ENT key The TNC opens the text file in its
own application using the ristretto additional tool

With the key combination ALT+TAB you can always return to the TNC
user interface while leaving the graphics file open. Alternatively, you
can also click the corresponding symbol in the task bar to switch back
to the TNC interface.
More information on how to use ristretto function is provided under
Help.
To exit ristretto, proceed as follows:
 Use the mouse to select the File menu item
 Select the menu item Close: The TNC returns to the file manager

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 3.4 Working with the file manager
Data transfer to or from an external data
medium

Before you can transfer data to an external data medium,

you must set up the data interface (see "Setting the data
interfaces" on page 667).
Depending on the data transfer software you use,
problems can occur occasionally when you transmit data
over a serial interface. They can be overcome by repeating
the transmission.

Call the file manager

Select the screen layout for data transfer: press the

WINDOW soft key. In the left half of the screen the
TNC shows all files in the current directory. In the
right half of the screen it shows all files saved in the
root directory (TNC:\ )

Use the arrow keys to highlight the file(s) that you want to transfer:
Moves the highlight up and down within a window

Moves the highlight from the left to the right window,

and vice versa
If you wish to copy from the TNC to the external data medium, move
the highlight in the left window to the file to be transferred.

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3.4 Working with the file manager

If you wish to copy from the external data medium to the TNC, move
the highlight in the right window to the file to be transferred.

To select another drive or directory: Press the soft key

for choosing the directory. The TNC opens a pop-up
window. Select the desired directory in the pop-up
window by using the arrow keys and the ENT key

Transfer a single file: Press the COPY soft key, or

Transfer several files: Press the TAG soft key (in the
second soft-key row, see "Tagging files", page 138)

Confirm with the OK soft key or with the ENT key. A status window
appears on the TNC, informing about the copying progress, or

To end data transfer, move the highlight into the left

window and then press the WINDOW soft key. The
standard file manager window is displayed again

To select another directory in the split-screen display,

press the soft key for choosing the directory. Select the
desired directory in the pop-up window by using the arrow
keys and the ENT key.

152 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

 3.4 Working with the file manager
The TNC in a network

To connect the Ethernet card to your network, see

"Ethernet interface", page 671.
The TNC logs error messages during network operation
see "Ethernet interface", page 671.

If the TNC is connected to a network, the directory window displays

up to 7 additional drives in the directory window to the left (see figure).
All the functions described above (selecting a drive, copying files, etc.)
also apply to network drives, provided that you have been granted the
corresponding rights.

Connecting and disconnecting a network drive

 To select the program management: Press the PGM
MGT key. If necessary, press the WINDOW soft key
to set up the screen as it is shown to the upper right.
 To manage the network drives: Press the NETWORK
soft key (second soft-key row). In the right-hand
window the TNC shows the network drives available
for access. With the soft keys described below you
can define the connection for each drive.

Function Soft key

Establish network connection. If the connection
is active, the TNC shows an M in the Mnt column.
You can connect up to 7 additional drives with
the TNC.

Disconnect the network connection

Automatically establish network connection

whenever the TNC is switched on. The TNC
shows an A in the Auto column if the connection
is established automatically

Do not establish network connection

automatically when the TNC is switched on

It may take some time to mount a network device. At the upper right
of the screen the TNC displays [READ DIR] to indicate that a
connection is being established. The maximum transmission speed is
2 to 5 Mbit/s, depending on the type of file being transferred and how
busy the network is.

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3.4 Working with the file manager

USB devices on the TNC (FCL 2 function)

Backing up data from or loading onto the TNC is especially easy with
USB devices. The TNC supports the following USB block devices:
 Floppy disk drives with FAT/VFAT file system
 Memory sticks with the FAT/VFAT file system
 Hard disks with the FAT/VFAT file system
 CD-ROM drives with the Joliet (ISO 9660) file system
The TNC automatically detects these types of USB devices when
connected. The TNC does not support USB devices with other file
systems (such as NTFS). The TNC displays the USB: TNC does not
support device error message when such a device is connected.

The TNC also displays the USB: TNC does not support
device error message if you connect a USB hub. In this
case, simply acknowledge the message with the CE key.
In theory, you should be able to connect all USB devices
with the file systems mentioned above to the TNC. If you
nevertheless encounter problems, please contact
HEIDENHAIN.

The USB devices appear as separate drives in the directory tree, so

you can use the file-management functions described in the earlier
chapters correspondingly.

Your machine manufacturer can assign permanent names

for USB devices. Refer to your machine manual.

To remove a USB device, proceed as follows:

 Call the file manager: Press the PGM MGT key

 Select the left window with the arrow key

 Use the arrow keys to select the USB device to be

removed
 Scroll through the soft-key row

 Select additional functions

 Select the function for removing USB devices. The

TNC removes the USB device from the directory tree
 Exit the file manager

In order to re-establish a connection with a USB device that has been

removed, press the following soft key:
 Select the function for reconnection of USB devices

154 Programming: Fundamentals, File Management

Programming:
Programming Aids
4.1 Adding comments

4.1 Adding comments

Application
You can add comments to any desired block in the part program to
explain program steps or make general notes.

If the TNC cannot show the entire comment on the

screen, the >> sign is displayed.
The last character in a comment block must not have any
tilde (~).

There are three possibilities for adding comments:

Entering comments during programming

 Enter the data for a program block, then press the semicolon key ";"
on the alphabetic keyboard—the TNC displays the dialog prompt
Comment?
 Enter your comment and conclude the block by pressing the END
key

Inserting comments after program entry

 Select the block to which a comment is to be added
 Select the last word in the block with the right arrow key: A
semicolon appears at the end of the block and the TNC displays the
dialog prompt COMMENT?
 Enter your comment and conclude the block by pressing the END
key

Entering a comment in a separate block

 Select the block after which the comment is to be inserted
 Initiate the programming dialog with the semicolon key (;) on the
alphabetic keyboard
 Enter your comment and conclude the block by pressing the END
key

156 Programming: Programming Aids

 4.1 Adding comments
Functions for editing of the comment

Function Soft key

Jump to beginning of comment

Jump to end of comment

Jump to the beginning of a word. Words must be

separated by a space

Jump to the end of a word. Words must be

separated by a space

Switch between insert mode and overwrite

mode

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4.2 Structuring programs

4.2 Structuring programs

Definition and applications
This TNC function enables you to comment part programs in
structuring blocks. Structuring blocks are short texts with up to
37 characters and are used as comments or headlines for the
subsequent program lines.
With the aid of appropriate structuring blocks, you can organize long
and complex programs in a clear and comprehensible manner.
This function is particularly convenient if you want to change the
program later. Structuring blocks can be inserted into the part program
at any point. They can also be displayed in a separate window, and
edited or added to, as desired.
The inserted structure items are managed by the TNC in a separate file
(extension: .SEC.DEP). This speeds navigation in the program
structure window.

Displaying the program structure window /

Changing the active window
 To display the program structure window, select the
screen display PROGRAM + SECTS
 To change the active window, press the "Change
window" soft key

Inserting a structuring block in the (left) program

window
 Select the block after which the structuring block is to be inserted
 Press the INSERT SECTION soft key or the * key on
the ASCII keyboard
 Enter the structuring text with the alphabetic
keyboard
 If necessary, change the structure depth with the soft
key

Selecting blocks in the program structure

window
If you are scrolling through the program structure window block by
block, the TNC at the same time automatically moves the
corresponding NC blocks in the program window. This way you can
quickly skip large program sections.

158 Programming: Programming Aids

 4.3 Integrated calculator
4.3 Integrated calculator
Operation
The TNC features an integrated calculator with the basic mathematical
functions.
 Use the CALC key to show and hide the on-line calculator
 The calculator is operated with short commands through the
alphabetic keyboard. The commands are shown in a special color in
the calculator window

Mathematical function Command (key)

Addition +

Subtraction –

Multiplication *

Division :

Sine S

Cosine C

Tangent T

Arc sine AS

Arc cosine AC

Arc tangent AT

Powers ^

Square root Q

Inversion /

Calculations in parentheses ()

pi (3.14159265359) P

Display result =

Transferring the calculated value into the program

 Use the arrow keys to select the word into which the calculated
value is to be transferred
 Superimpose the on-line calculator by pressing the CALC key and
perform the desired calculation
 Press the actual-position-capture key for the TNC to transfer the
calculated value into the active input box and to close the calculator

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4.4 Programming graphics

4.4 Programming graphics

Generating / not generating graphics during
programming
While you are writing the part program, you can have the TNC
generate a 2-D pencil-trace graphic of the programmed contour.
 To switch the screen layout to displaying program blocks to the left
and graphics to the right, press the SPLIT SCREEN key and
PROGRAM + GRAPHICS soft key
 Set the AUTO DRAW soft key to ON. While you are
entering the program lines, the TNC generates each
path contour you program in the graphics window in
the right screen half
If you do not wish to have the TNC generate graphics during
programming, set the AUTO DRAW soft to OFF.
Even when AUTO DRAW ON is active, graphics are not generated for
program section repeats.

Generating a graphic for an existing program

 Use the arrow keys to select the block up to which you want the
graphic to be generated, or press GOTOand enter the desired block
number
 To generate graphics, press the RESET + START soft
key

Additional functions:
Function Soft key
Generate a complete graphic

Generate programming graphic blockwise

Generate a complete graphic or complete it after

RESET + START

Stop the programming graphics. This soft key

only appears while the TNC is generating the
interactive graphics

Redraw the programming graphics, for example

if lines were deleted by intersections

The programming graphics does not account for tilting

functions; in such cases the TNC generates an error
message (if applicable).

160 Programming: Programming Aids

 4.4 Programming graphics
Block number display ON/OFF

 Shift the soft-key row: see figure

 To show block numbers: Set the SHOW OMIT BLOCK

NR.soft key to SHOW
 To hide block numbers: Set the SHOW OMIT BLOCK
NR. soft key to OMIT

Erasing the graphic

 Shift the soft-key row: see figure

 Erase graphic: Press the CLEAR GRAPHICS soft key

Magnifying or reducing a detail

You can select the graphics display by selecting a detail with the frame
overlay. You can now magnify or reduce the selected detail.
 Select the soft-key row for detail magnification/reduction (second
row, see figure)
The following functions are available:

Function Soft key

Show and move the frame overlay. Press and
hold the desired soft key to move the frame
overlay

Reduce the frame overlay—press and hold the

soft key to reduce the detail

Enlarge the frame overlay—press and hold the

soft key to magnify the detail

 Confirm the selected area with the WINDOW DETAIL

soft key
With the WINDOW BLK FORM soft key, you can restore the original
section.

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4.5 3-D line graphics (FCL2 function)

4.5 3-D line graphics (FCL2

function)
Application
Use the 3-D line graphics to have the TNC show the programmed
traverse paths in three dimensions. A powerful zoom function is
available for recognizing details quickly.
You should especially use the 3-D line graphics to inspect programs
created externally for irregularities before machining, in order to avoid
undesirable traces of the machining process on the workpiece. Such
traces of machining can occur when points are output incorrectly by
the postprocessor.
In order to find the error location quickly, the TNC shows the currently
active block of the 3-D line graphics in a different color in the left
window (default setting: red).
You can use the 3-D line graphics in Split-Screen mode or in Full-
Screen mode:
 To show program blocks to the left and 3-D line graphics to the right,
press the SPLIT SCREEN key and PROGRAM + 3D LINES soft key
 To show the 3-D line graphics on the entire screen, press the SPLIT
SCREEN key and 3D LINES soft key

Functions of the 3-D line graphics

Function Soft key

Show and move the zoom frame up. Press and
hold the soft key to move the frame

Show and move the zoom frame down. Press

and hold the soft key to move the frame

Show and move the zoom frame to the left.

Press and hold the soft key to move the frame

Show and move the zoom to the right. Press and

hold the soft key to move the frame

Enlarge the frame overlay—press and hold the

soft key to magnify the detail

Reduce the frame overlay—press and hold the

soft key to reduce the detail

Reset detail magnification so that the workpiece

is displayed as it was programmed with BLK
FORM

Select the isolated detail

162 Programming: Programming Aids

 4.5 3-D line graphics (FCL2 function)
Function Soft key
Rotate workpiece clockwise

Rotate workpiece counterclockwise

Tilt workpiece backward

Tilt workpiece forward

Magnify the graphic stepwise If the view is

magnified, the TNC shows the letter Z in the
footer of the graphic window

Reduce the graphic stepwise If the view is

reduced, the TNC shows the letter Z in the footer
of the graphic window

Show workpiece at original size

Show workpiece in the last active view

Show/hide programmed end points with a dot on

the line

Do or do not highlight the selected NC block of

the 3-D line graphics in the left window

Do or do not show block numbers

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4.5 3-D line graphics (FCL2 function)

You can also use the mouse with the 3-D line graphics. The following
functions are available:
 In order to rotate the wire model shown in three dimensions: Hold
the right mouse button down and move the mouse. The TNC
displays a coordinate system showing the currently active
orientation of the workpiece. After you release the right mouse
button, the TNC orients the workpiece to the defined orientation
 In order to shift the wire model shown: Hold the center mouse
button or the wheel button down and move the mouse. The TNC
shifts the workpiece in the corresponding direction. After you
release the center mouse button, the TNC shifts the workpiece to
the defined position
 In order to zoom in on a certain area with the mouse: Draw a
rectangular zoom area while holding the left mouse button down.
You can shift the zoom area by moving the mouse horizontally and
vertically as required. After you release the left mouse button, the
TNC zooms in on the defined area of the workpiece
 In order to quickly zoom in and out with the mouse: Rotate the
wheel button forward or backward
 Double-click with the right mouse button: Select standard view

Highlighting NC blocks in the graphics

 Shift the soft-key row

 To highlight the NC block selected in the left window

in the 3-D line graphics in the right window, set the
MARK THIS ELEMENT OFF / ON soft key to ON.
 To not highlight the NC block selected in the left
window in the 3-D line graphics in the right window,
set the MARK THIS ELEMENT OFF / ON soft key to
OFF.

Block number display ON/OFF

 Shift the soft-key row

 To show block numbers: Set the SHOW OMIT BLOCK

NR.soft key to SHOW
 To hide block numbers: Set the SHOW OMIT BLOCK
NR. soft key to OMIT

Erasing the graphic

 Shift the soft-key row

 Erase graphic: Press the CLEAR GRAPHICS soft key

164 Programming: Programming Aids

 4.6 Immediate Help for NC Error Messages
4.6 Immediate Help for NC Error
Messages
Show error messages
The TNC automatically generates error messages when it detects
problems such as
 Incorrect data input
 Logical errors in the program
 Contour elements that are impossible to machine
 Incorrect use of touch probes
An error message that contains a program block number was caused
by an error in the indicated block or in the preceding block. The TNC
error messages can be canceled with the CE key, after the cause of
the error has been removed. Error messages causing a control crash
must be acknowledged by pressing the END key. The TNC will restart.
If you require more information on a particular error message, press
theHELP key. A pop-up window then appears, in which the cause of
the error is explained and suggestions are made for correcting the
error.

Display HELP
 To display Help, press the HELP key
 Read the description of the error and the possibilities
for correcting it. The TNC may show additional
information that can be helpful to trained
HEIDENHAIN personnel during troubleshooting.
Close the Help window with the CE key, thus
canceling the error message
 Remove the cause of the error as described in the
Help window

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4.7 List of all current error messages

4.7 List of all current error

messages
Function
Use this function to show a pop-up window in which the TNC shows
all current error messages. The TNC shows errors both from the NC
as well as those from the machine tool builder.

Showing the error list

You can call the list as soon as at least one error message is present:
 To display the list, press the ERR key
 You can select one of the current error messages with
the arrow keys
 With the CE key or the DEL key you can delete the
error message from the pop-up window momentarily
selected. When you delete the last error message,
the pop-up window closes as well
 To close the pop-up window, press the ERR key again.
Current error messages are retained

Parallel to the error list you can also view the respective
help text in a separate window: Press the HELP key.

166 Programming: Programming Aids

 4.7 List of all current error messages
Window contents

Column Meaning
Number Error number (–1: no error number defined),
issued by HEIDENHAIN or your machine tool
builder

Class Error class; Defines how the TNC processes

this error:
 ERROR
Collective error class for errors that can
cause various error reactions depending on
the condition of the machine or the active
operating mode)
 FEED HOLD
The feed-rate release is canceled
 PGM HOLD
The program run is interrupted (the control-
in-operation symbol blinks)
 PGM ABORT
The program run is interrupted (INTERNAL
STOP)
 EMERG. STOP
EMERGENCY STOP is triggered
 RESET
TNC executes a system restart
 WARNING
Warning message, program run resumes
 INFO
Info message, program run resumes

Category Group. Specifies from which section of the

operating system software the error message
was generated
 OPERATING
 PROGRAMMING
 PLC
 GENERAL

Error message Respective error text displayed by the TNC

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4.7 List of all current error messages

Calling the TNCguide help system

You can call the TNC's help system via soft key. Immediately the help
system shows you the same error explanation that you receive by
pressing the HELP key.

If your machine manufacturer also provides a help

system, the TNC shows an additional MACHINE
MANUFACTURER soft key with which you can call this
separate help system. There you will find further, more
detailed information on the error message concerned.

 Call the help for HEIDENHAIN error messages

 Call the help for machine-specific error messages, if

available

168 Programming: Programming Aids

 4.7 List of all current error messages
Generating service files
You can use this function to save all files relevant to service purposes
in a ZIP file. The appropriate data from the NC and PLC are saved by
the TNC in the file TNC:\service\service<xxxxxxxx>.zip. The TNC
determines the name of the file automatically. The character string
<xxxxxxxx> clearly indicates the system time.
The following possibilities exist for generating a service file:
 By pressing the SAVE SERVICE FILES soft key after you have
pressed the ERR key
 Externally via the data transmission software TNCremoNT
 If the NC software crashes due to a serious error, the TNC
automatically generates a service file.
 In addition, your machine tool builder can have service files be
generated automatically for PLC error messages
The following data (and other information) is saved in the service file:
 Log
 PLC log
 Selected files (*.H/*.I/*.T/*.TCH/*.D) of all operating modes
 *.SYS files
 Machine parameters
 Information and log files of the operating system (can be partially
activated via MP7691)
 Contents of PLC memory
 NC macros defined in PLC:\NCMACRO.SYS
 Information about the hardware
In addition, the service department can help you save the control file
TNC:\service\userfiles.sys in ASCII format. The TNC will then
include the data defined there in the ZIP file.

The service file contains all NC data needed for

troubleshooting. By passing on the service file you declare
your consent to your machine tool builder or DR.
JOHANNES HEIDENHAIN GmbH to use these data for
diagnostic purposes.
The maximum size of a service file is 40 MB.

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4.8 The context-sensitive help system TNCguide (FCL3 function)

4.8 The context-sensitive help

system TNCguide (FCL3
function)
Application

The TNCguide help system is only available if your control

hardware has as least 256 MB RAM and FCL3 is enabled.

The TNCguide context-sensitive help system includes the user

documentation in HTML format. The TNCguide is called with the
HELP key, and the TNC often immediately displays the information
specific to the condition from which the help was called (context-
sensitive call). Even if you are editing an NC block and press the HELP
key, you are usually brought to the exact place in the documentation
that describes the corresponding function.
The English and German documentation is shipped as standard with
each NC software level. HEIDENHAIN provides the remaining
conversational languages for cost-free download as soon as the
respective translations are available (see "Downloading current help
files" on page 175).

The TNC always tries to start TNCguide in the language

that you have selected as the conversational language on
your TNC. If the files with this language are not yet
available on your TNC, it automatically opens the English
version.

The following user documentation is available in TNCguide:

 Conversational Programming User's Manual (BHBKlartext.chm)
 DIN/ISO User's Manual (BHBIso.chm)
 User’s Manual for Cycles (BHBcycles.chm)
 User’s Manual for smarT.NC BHBSmart.chm) (same format as a
"Pilot")
 List of All Error Messages (errors.chm)
In addition, the main.chm "book" file is available, with the contents of
all existing .chm files.

As an option, your machine tool builder can embed

machine-specific documentation in TNCguide. These
documents then appear as a separate book in the
main.chm file.

170 Programming: Programming Aids

 4.8 The context-sensitive help system TNCguide (FCL3 function)
Working with TNCguide
Call TNCguide
There are several ways to start the TNCguide:
 Press the HELP key if the TNC is not already showing an error
message
 Click the help symbol at the lower right of the screen beforehand,
then click the appropriate soft keys
 Open a help file (CHM file) via the file management. The TNC can
open any .chm file, even if it is not saved on the TNC’s hard disk

If one or more error messages are waiting for your

attention, the TNC shows the help directly associated
with the error messages. To start the TNCguide, you first
have to acknowledge all error messages.
When the help system is called on the programming
station or the dual-processor version, the TNC starts the
internally defined standard browser (usually the Internet
Explorer), and on the single-processor version a browser
adapted by HEIDENHAIN.

For many soft keys there is a context-sensitive call through which you
can go directly to the description of the soft key's function. This
functionality requires using a mouse. Proceed as follows:
 Select the soft-key row containing the desired soft key
 Click with the mouse on the help symbol that the TNC displays just
above the soft-key row: The mouse pointer turns into a question
mark
 Move the question mark to the soft key for which you want an
explanation, and click: The TNC opens TNCguide. If no specific part
of the help is assigned to the selected soft key, the control opens
the book file main.chm, in which you can use the search function
or the navigation to find the desired explanation manually.
Even if you are editing an NC block, context-sensitive help is available:
 Select any NC block
 Use the arrow keys to move the cursor to the block
 Press the HELP key: The TNC starts the help system and shows a
description for the active function (does not apply to miscellaneous
functions or cycles that were integrated by your machine tool
builder)

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4.8 The context-sensitive help system TNCguide (FCL3 function)

Navigating in the TNCguide

It's easiest to use the mouse to navigate in TNCguide. A table of
contents appears on the left side of the screen. By clicking the
rightward pointing triangle you open subordinate sections, and by
clicking the respective entry you open the individual pages. It is
operated in the same manner as the Windows Explorer.
Linked text positions (cross references) are shown underlined and in
blue. Clicking the link opens the associated page.
Of course you can also operate TNCguide through keys and soft keys.
The following table contains an overview of the corresponding key
functions.

Function Soft key

 If the table of contents at left is active:
Select the entry above it or below it
 If the text window at right is active:
Move the page downward or upward if texts or
graphics are not shown completely

 If the table of contents at left is active:

Open a branch of the table of contents. If the
branch is at its end, jump into the window at
right
 If the text window at right is active:
No function

 If the table of contents at left is active:

Close a branch of the table of contents
 If the text window at right is active:
No function

 If the table of contents at left is active:

Use the cursor key to show the selected page
 If the text window at right is active:
If the cursor is on a link, jump to the linked page

 If the table of contents at left is active:

Switch the tab between the display of the table
of contents, display of the subject index, and
the full-text search function and switching to
the screen half at right
 If the text window at right is active:
Jump back to the window at left

 If the table of contents at left is active:

Select the entry above it or below it
 If the text window at right is active:
Jump to the next link

Select the page last shown

Page forward if you have used the "Select page

last shown" function

172 Programming: Programming Aids

 4.8 The context-sensitive help system TNCguide (FCL3 function)
Function Soft key
Move up by one page

Move down by one page

Display or hide table of contents

Switch between full-screen display and reduced

display. With the reduced display you can see
some of the rest of the TNC window

The focus is switched internally to the TNC

application so that you can operate the control
when the TNCguide is open. If the full screen is
active, the TNC reduces the window size
automatically before the change of focus

Exit TNCguide

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4.8 The context-sensitive help system TNCguide (FCL3 function)

Subject index
The most important subjects in the Manual are listed in the subject
index (Index tab). You can select them directly by mouse or with the
cursor keys.
The left side is active.
 Select the Index tab
 Activate the Keyword input field
 Enter the word for the desired subject and the TNC
synchronizes the index and creates a list in which you
can find the subject more easily, or
 Use the arrow key to highlight the desired keyword
 Use the ENT key to call the information on the
selected keyword

Full-text search
In the Find tab you can search all of TURNguide for a specific word.
The left side is active.
 Select the Find tab
 Activate the Find: input field
 Enter the desired word and confirm with the ENT key:
The TNC lists all sources containing the word
 Use the arrow key to highlight the desired source
 Press the ENT key to go to the selected source

The full-text search only works for single words.

If you activate the Search only in titles function (by
mouse or by using the cursor and the space key), the TNC
searches only through headings and ignores the body
text.

174 Programming: Programming Aids

 4.8 The context-sensitive help system TNCguide (FCL3 function)
Downloading current help files
You'll find the help files for your TNC software on the HEIDENHAIN
homepage www.heidenhain.de under:
 Documentation / Information
 Documentation
 Manuals
 TNCguide
 Select the desired language, e.g. English
 TNC Controls
 TNC 500 series
 Desired NC software number, e.g. iTNC 530 (340 49x-06)
 Select the desired language version from the TNCguide online
help (CHM files) table
 Download the ZIP file and unzip it
 Move the unzipped CHM files to the TNC in the TNC:\tncguide\en
directory or into the respective language subdirectory (see also the
following table)

If you want to use TNCremoNT to transfer the CHM files

to the TNC, then in the
Extras>Configuration>Mode>Transfer in binary
format menu item you have to enter the extension .CHM.

Language TNC directory

German TNC:\tncguide\de

English TNC:\tncguide\en

Czech TNC:\tncguide\cs

French TNC:\tncguide\fr

Italian TNC:\tncguide\it

Spanish TNC:\tncguide\es

Portuguese TNC:\tncguide\pt

Swedish TNC:\tncguide\sv

Danish TNC:\tncguide\da

Finnish TNC:\tncguide\fi

Dutch TNC:\tncguide\nl

Polish TNC:\tncguide\pl

Hungarian TNC:\tncguide\hu

Russian TNC:\tncguide\ru

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4.8 The context-sensitive help system TNCguide (FCL3 function)

Language TNC directory

Chinese (simplified) TNC:\tncguide\zh

Chinese (traditional) TNC:\tncguide\zh-tw

Slovenian (software option) TNC:\tncguide\sl

Norwegian TNC:\tncguide\no

Slovak TNC:\tncguide\sk

Latvian TNC:\tncguide\lv

Korean TNC:\tncguide\kr

Estonian TNC:\tncguide\et

Turkish TNC:\tncguide\tr

Romanian TNC:\tncguide\ro

Lithuanian TNC:\tncguide\lt

176 Programming: Programming Aids

Programming: Tools
5.1 Entering tool-related data

5.1 Entering tool-related data

Feed rate F
The feed rate F is the speed (in millimeters per minute or inches per
minute) at which the tool center point moves. The maximum feed
rates can be different for the individual axes and are set in machine S
parameters. Z
S
Input Y
You can enter the feed rate in the TOOL CALL block and in every F
positioning block (see "Creating the program blocks with the path X
function keys" on page 224). In millimeter-programs you enter the feed
rate in mm/min, and in inch-programs, for reasons of resolution, in
1/10 inch/min.

Rapid traverse
If you wish to program rapid traverse, enter F MAX. To enter FMAX,
press the ENT key or the FMAX soft key when the dialog question
FEED RATE F = ? appears on the control's screen.

To move your machine at rapid traverse, you can also

program the corresponding numerical value, e.g. F30000.
Unlike FMAX, this rapid traverse remains in effect not only
in the individual block but in all blocks until you program a
new feed rate.

Duration of effect
A feed rate entered as a numerical value remains in effect until a block
with a different feed rate is reached. F MAX is only effective in the block
in which it is programmed. After the block with F MAXis executed, the
feed rate will return to the last feed rate entered as a numerical value.

Changing during program run

You can adjust the feed rate during program run with the feed-rate
override knob F.

178 Programming: Tools

 5.1 Entering tool-related data
Spindle speed S
The spindle speed S is entered in revolutions per minute (rpm) in a
TOOL CALL block. Instead, you can also define the cutting speed Vc in
m/min.

Programmed change
In the part program, you can change the spindle speed in a TOOL CALL
block by entering the spindle speed only:
 Program a tool call: Press the TOOL CALL key
 Ignore the dialog question for Tool number? with the
NO ENT key
 Ignore the dialog question for Working spindle axis
X/Y/Z ? with the NO ENT key
 Enter the new spindle speed for the dialog question
Spindle speed S= ? and confirm with END, or switch
via the VC soft key to entry of the cutting speed

Changing during program run

You can adjust the spindle speed during program run with the spindle
speed override knob S.

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5.2 Tool data

5.2 Tool data

Requirements for tool compensation
You usually program the coordinates of path contours as they are
dimensioned in the workpiece drawing. To allow the TNC to calculate
the tool center path—i.e. the tool compensation—you must also enter
the length and radius of each tool you are using.
Tool data can be entered either directly in the part program with TOOL 1 8 12 13 18
DEF or separately in a tool table. In a tool table, you can also enter
additional data for the specific tool. The TNC will consider all the data
entered for the tool when executing the part program. Z 8

L
Tool numbers and tool names
R
Each tool is identified by a number between 0 and 30000. If you are
working with tool tables, you can also enter a tool name for each tool.
Tool names can have up to 32 characters. X
Permitted special characters: # $ % & , - . 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
789@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVW
X Y Z _.
Impermissible characters: <blank space> ! “ ‘ ( ) * + : ;
<=>?[/]^`abcdefghIjklmnopqrstuvwx
yz{|}~

The tool number 0 is automatically defined as the zero tool with the
length L=0 and the radius R=0. In tool tables, tool T0 should also be
defined with L=0 and R=0.

Tool length L
You should always enter the tool length L as an absolute value based
on the tool reference point. The entire tool length is essential for the
TNC in order to perform numerous functions involving multi-axis Z
machining.
L3
Tool radius R L1
L2
You can enter the tool radius R directly.

180 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Delta values for lengths and radii
Delta values are offsets in the length and radius of a tool.
A positive delta value describes a tool oversize (DL, DR, DR2>0). If you
are programming the machining data with an allowance, enter the R R
oversize value in the TOOL CALL.
A negative delta value describes a tool undersize (DL, DR, DR2<0). An
undersize is entered in the tool table for wear.
L DR<0
Delta values are usually entered as numerical values. In a TOOL CALL
block, you can also assign the values to Q parameters.
DR>0
Input range: You can enter a delta value with up to ± 99.999 mm.
DL<0
Delta values from the tool table influence the graphical
DL>0
representation of the tool. The representation of the
workpiece remains the same in the simulation.
Delta values from the TOOL CALL block change the
represented size of the workpiece during the simulation.
The simulated tool size remains the same.

Entering tool data into the program

The number, length and radius of a specific tool is defined in the
TOOL DEF block of the part program:
 Select the tool definition: Press the TOOL DEF key
 Tool number: Each tool is uniquely identified by its tool
number
 Tool length: Compensation value for the tool length
 Tool radius: Compensation value for the tool radius

In the programming dialog, you can transfer the value for

tool length and tool radius directly into the input line by
pressing the desired axis soft key.
If the tool table TOOL.T is active, use a TOOL DEF block to
preselect the tool. The machine manual provides further
information.

Example
4 TOOL DEF 5 L+10 R+5

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5.2 Tool data

Entering tool data in the table

You can define and store up to 30000 tools and their tool data in a tool
table. In Machine Parameter 7260, you can define how many tool
places are to be reserved by the TNC when a new table is set up. Also
see the editing functions later in this Chapter. In order to be able to
assign various compensation data to a tool (indexing tool number),
machine parameter 7262 must not be equal to 0.
You must use tool tables if
 you wish to use indexed tools such as stepped drills with more than
one length compensation value (see page 190)
 your machine tool has an automatic tool changer
 you want to measure tools automatically with the TT 130 touch
probe (see the Touch Probe Cycles User’s Manual)
 you want to rough-mill the contour with Cycle 22, (see "User's
Manual for Cycles, ROUGH-OUT")
 you want to work with Cycles 251 to 254 (see "User's Manual for
Cycles," Cycles 251 to 254)
 you want to work with automatic cutting data calculations.

Tool table: Standard tool data

Abbr. Inputs Dialog
T Number by which the tool is called in the program (e.g. 5, -
indexed: 5.2).

NAME Name by which you call the tool in the program. Tool name?
Input range: 32 characters max., only capital letters, no space
characters.
When transferring tool tables to older software versions of the
iTNC 530 or to older TNC controls, you must make sure that tool
names are not longer than 16 characters, because otherwise they
will be truncated accordingly by the TNC when read in. This can
lead to errors in connection with the Replacement Tool function.

L Compensation value for tool length L. Tool length?

Input range in mm: -99999.9999 to +99999.9999
Input range in inches: -3936.9999 to +3936.9999

R Compensation value for the tool radius R. Tool radius R?

Input range in mm: -99999.9999 to +99999.9999
Input range in inches: -3936.9999 to +3936.9999

R2 Tool radius 2 for toroid cutters (only for 3-D radius compensation Tool radius R2?
or graphical representation of a machining operation with
spherical or toroid cutters).
Input range in mm: -99999.9999 to +99999.9999
Input range in inches: -3936.9999 to +3936.9999

182 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Abbr. Inputs Dialog
DL Delta value for tool length L. Tool length oversize?
Input range in mm: -999.9999 to +999.9999
Input range in inches: -39.37 to +39.37

DR Delta value for tool radius R. Tool radius oversize?

Input range in mm: -999.9999 to +999.9999
Input range in inches: -39.37 to +39.37

DR2 Delta value for tool radius R2. Tool radius oversize R2?
Input range in mm: -999.9999 to +999.9999
Input range in inches: -39.37 to +39.37

LCUTS Tooth length of the tool for Cycle 22. Tooth length in the tool axis?
Input range in mm: 0 to +99999.9999
Input range in inches: 0 to +3936.9999

ANGLE Maximum plunge angle of the tool for reciprocating plunge-cut in Maximum plunge angle?
Cycles 22, 208 and 25x.
Input range: 0 to 90°

TL Set tool lock (TL: for Tool Locked). Tool locked?

Yes = ENT / No = NO ENT
Input range: L or space character

RT Number of a replacement tool, if available (RT: for replacement Replacement tool?

tool); see also TIME2).
Input range: 0 to 65535

TIME1 Maximum tool life in minutes. This function can vary depending Maximum tool age?
on the individual machine tool. Your machine manual provides
more information.
Input range: 0 to 9999 minutes

TIME2 Maximum tool life in minutes during a TOOL CALL: If the current Maximum tool age for TOOL CALL?
tool age reaches or exceeds this value, the TNC changes the tool
during the next TOOL CALL (see also CUR.TIME).
Input range: 0 to 9999 minutes

CUR.TIME Current age of the tool in minutes: The TNC automatically counts Current tool age?
the current tool life (CUR.TIME). A starting value can be entered for
used tools.
Input range: 0 to 99999 minutes

OVRTIME Maximum amount in minutes that the tool life may be exceeded. Permitted overrun of service life?
This function can vary depending on the individual machine tool.
Your machine manual provides more information.
Input range: 0 to 99 minutes

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5.2 Tool data

Abbr. Inputs Dialog

DOC Comment on the tool. Tool comment?
Input range: 16 characters max.

PLC Information on this tool that is to be sent to the PLC. PLC status?
Input range: 8 characters bit-coded

PLC-VAL Value of this tool that is to be sent to the PLC. PLC value?
Input range: -99999.9999 to +99999.9999

PTYP Tool type for evaluation in the pocket table. Tool type for pocket table?
Input range: 0 to +99

NMAX Limit the spindle speed for this tool. The programmed value is Maximum speed [rpm]?
monitored (error message) as well as an increase in the shaft
speed via the potentiometer. Function inactive: Enter –
Input range: 0 to +99999, if function not active: enter –

LIFTOFF Definition of whether the TNC should retract the tool in the Retract tool Y/N ?
direction of the positive tool axis at an NC stop or power failure in
order to avoid leaving dwell marks on the contour. If Y is entered,
the TNC retracts the tool from the contour by up to 30mm,
provided that this function was activated in the NC program with
M148 (see "Automatically retract tool from the contour at an NC
stop: M148" on page 397).
Input: Y and N

P1 ... P4 Machine-dependent function: Transfer of a value to the PLC. Value?

Refer to the machine manual.
Input range: -99999.9999 to +99999.9999

KINEMATIC Machine-dependent function: Kinematics description for vertical Additional kinematic description?
milling heads, which the TNC adds to the active machine
kinematics. Assign available kinematic descriptions by using the
ASSIGN KINEMATICS soft key (see also "Tool-carrier kinematics"
on page 192).
Input range: 16 characters max.

T-ANGLE Point angle of the tool. Is used by Drilling cycles 200, 203, 205 and Point angle (Type DRILL+CSINK)?
240 in order to calculate the depth from the diameter entry.
Input range: -180 to +180°

184 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Abbr. Inputs Dialog
PITCH Thread pitch of the tool. Is used by Tapping cycles 206, 207 and Thread pitch (only type TAP)?
209 in order to monitor whether the pitch defined in the cycle
matches the pitch of the tool.
Input range in mm: -99999.99990 to +99999.9999
Input range in inches: -3936.9999 to +3936.9999

AFC Control setting for the adaptive feed control AFC that you have Feedback-control strategy?
defined in the NAME column of the AFC.TAB table. Apply the
feedback-control strategy with the ASSIGN AFC CONTROL
SETTING soft key (3rd soft-key row)
Input range: 10 characters max.

DR2TABLE 3D ToolComp: software option: Enter the name of the Compensation-value table?
compensation value table from which the TNC is to take the
angle-dependent delta radius values DR2 (see also "3-D tool radius
compensation depending on the tool’s contact angle (3D-
ToolComp software option)" on page 536)
Input range: Max. 16 characters without file extension

LAST_USE Date and time that the tool was last inserted via TOOL CALL Date/time of last tool call?
Input range: Max. 16 characters, format specified internally: Date
= yyyy.mm.dd, time = hh.mm

ACC Activate or deactivate active chatter control for the respective tool ACC status 1=active/0=inactive
(see also "Active Chatter Control (ACC—software option)" on page
451).
Input range: 0 (inactive) and 1 (active)

CR Machine-dependent function: Transfer of a value to the PLC. Value?

Refer to the machine manual.
Input range: -99999.9999 to +99999.9999

CL Machine-dependent function: Transfer of a value to the PLC. Value?

Refer to the machine manual.
Input range: -99999.9999 to +99999.9999

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5.2 Tool data

Tool table: Tool data required for automatic tool measurement

For a description of the cycles for automatic tool

measurement, see the User's Manual for Cycle
Programming.

Abbr. Inputs Dialog

CUT Number of teeth (99 teeth maximum) Number of teeth?
Input range: 0 to 99

LTOL Permissible deviation from tool length L for wear detection. If the Wear tolerance: length?
entered value is exceeded, the TNC locks the tool (status L). Input
range: 0 to 0.9999 mm
Input range in mm: 0 to +0.9999
Input range in inches: 0 to +0.03936

RTOL Permissible deviation from tool radius R for wear detection. If the Wear tolerance: radius?
entered value is exceeded, the TNC locks the tool (status L). Input
range: 0 to 0.9999 mm
Input range in mm: 0 to +0.9999
Input range in inches: 0 to +0.03936

R2TOL Permissible deviation from tool radius R2 for wear detection. If Wear tolerance: Radius 2?
the entered value is exceeded, the TNC locks the tool (status L).
Input range: 0 to 0.9999 mm
Input range in mm: 0 to +0.9999
Input range in inches: 0 to +0.03936

DIRECT. Cutting direction of the tool for measuring the tool during rotation Cutting direction (M3 = –)?

TT:R-OFFS Tool length measurement: Tool offset between stylus center and Tool offset: radius?
tool center. Default setting: Tool radius R (NO ENT key enters R)
Input range in mm: -99999.9999 to +99999.9999
Input range in inches: -3936.9999 to +3936.9999

TT:L-OFFS Radius measurement: tool offset in addition to MP6530 between Tool offset: length?
upper surface of stylus and lower surface of tool. Default: 0
Input range in mm: -99999.9999 to +99999.9999
Input range in inches: -3936.9999 to +3936.9999

186 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Abbr. Inputs Dialog
LBREAK Permissible deviation from tool length L for breakage detection. If Breakage tolerance: length?
the entered value is exceeded, the TNC locks the tool (status L).
Input range: 0 to 0.9999 mm
Input range in mm: 0 to 3.2767
Input range in inches: 0 to +0,129

RBREAK Permissible deviation from tool radius R for breakage detection. If Breakage tolerance: radius?
the entered value is exceeded, the TNC locks the tool (status L).
Input range: 0 to 0.9999 mm
Input range in mm: 0 to 0.9999
Input range in inches: 0 to +0.03936

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5.2 Tool data

Tool table: Tool data for automatic speed/feed rate calculation

Abbr. Inputs Dialog
TYPE Tool type: Press the ASSIGN TYPE soft key (3rd soft-key row); the Tool type?
TNC superimposes a window where you can select the type of
tool. Functions are currently only assigned to the DRILL and MILL
tool types

TMAT Tool material: Press the ASSIGN MATERIAL soft key (3rd soft-key Tool material?
row): The TNC superimposes a window where you can select the
type of cutting material
Input range: 16 characters max.

CDT Cutting data table: Press the SELECT CDT soft key (3rd soft-key Name of cutting data table?
row): The TNC displays a pop-up window where you can select a
cutting data table
Input range: 16 characters max.

Tool table: Tool data for touch trigger probes (only when bit 1 is
set in MP7411 = 1, also see the Touch Probe Cycles Manual)
Abbr. Inputs Dialog
CAL-OF1 During calibration, the TNC stores in this column the center Center misalignmt. in ref. axis?
misalignment in the reference axis of the touch probe, if a tool
number is indicated in the calibration menu
Input range in mm: -99999.9999 to +99999.9999
Input range in inches: -3936.9999 to +3936.9999

CAL-OF2 During calibration, the TNC stores in this column the center Center misalignment minor axis?
misalignment in the minor axis of the touch probe, if a tool
number is indicated in the calibration menu
Input range in mm: -99999.9999 to +99999.9999
Input range in inches: -3936.9999 to +3936.9999

CAL-ANG During calibration, the TNC stores in this column the spindle angle Spindle angle for calibration?
at which the touch probe was calibrated, if a tool number is
indicated in the calibration menu.
Input range: -360 to +360°

188 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Editing tool tables
The tool table that is active during execution of the part program is
designated TOOL.T. TOOL.T must be stored in the directory TNC:\ and
can be edited only in one of the machine operating modes. Other tool
tables that are to be archived or used for test runs are given different
file names with the extension .T.
To open the tool table TOOL.T:
 Select any machine operating mode
 Select the tool table: Press the TOOL TABLE soft key

 Set the EDIT soft key to ON

Opening any other tool table

 Select the Programming and Editing mode of operation
 Call the file manager

 Press the SELECT TYPE soft key to select the file type
 Show files of type .T press the SHOW .T soft key
 Select a file or enter a new file name. Conclude your
entry with the ENT key or the SELECT soft key

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5.2 Tool data

Editing functions
When you have opened the tool table, you can edit the tool data by
moving the cursor to the desired position in the table with the arrow
keys or the soft keys. You can overwrite the stored values, or enter
new values at any position. The available editing functions are
illustrated in the table below.
If the TNC cannot show all positions in the tool table in one screen
page, the highlight bar at the top of the table will display the symbol
>> or <<.
Editing functions for tool tables Soft key
Select beginning of table

Select end of table

Select previous page in table

Select next page in table

Look for the tool name in the table

Show tool information in columns or show all

information on one tool on one screen page

Move to beginning of line

Move to end of line

Copy highlighted field

Insert copied field

Add the entered number of lines (tools) at the

end of the table

Insert a line for the indexed tool number after the

active line. The function is only active if you are
permitted to store multiple compensation data
for a tool (MP7262 not equal to 0). The TNC
inserts a copy of the tool data after the last
available index and increases the index by 1.
Application: e.g. stepped drill with more than one
length compensation value.

190 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Editing functions for tool tables Soft key
Delete current line (tool): The TNC will then
delete the content of the line in the table. If the
tool to be deleted has been entered in the pocket
table, the behavior of this function depends on
MP 7263 (see "List of general user parameters"
on page 705)

Display / Do not display pocket numbers

Display all tools / only those tools that are stored

in the pocket table

Search tool table for tool name of selected tool.

The TNC shows the list with identical names in a
pop-up window if it finds a tool with an identical
name. Double-click the relevant tool in the
window or select it using the arrow keys, confirm
with the ENT key and the TNC highlights the
selected tool

Copy all tool data of a line (can also be done using

CTRL+C)

Paste all previously copied tool data (can also be

done using CTRL+V)

Exiting the tool table

 Call the file manager and select a file of a different type, such as a
part program

Additional notes on tool tables

MP7266.x defines which data can be entered in the tool table and in
which sequence the data is displayed.

You can overwrite individual columns or lines of a tool

table with the contents of another file. Prerequisites:
 The target file must exist
 The file to be copied must contain only the columns (or
lines) you want to replace
To copy individual columns or lines, press the REPLACE
FIELDS soft key (see "Copying a single file" on page 133).

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5.2 Tool data

Tool-carrier kinematics

The TNC must be adapted by your machine tool builder to

be able to account for the tool carrier kinematics. In
particular, your machine tool builder must provide the
corresponding carrier kinematics or parameterizable tool
carriers. Refer to your machine manual.

In the KINEMATIC column of the tool table TOOL.T you can assign each
tool with an additional tool carrier kinematic description. In the
simplest case, this carrier kinematics can simulate the taper shank in
order to include it in the dynamic collision monitoring. Also, you can
use this function to very easily integrate angle heads into the machine
kinematic description.

HEIDENHAIN provides tool-carrier kinematics for

HEIDENHAIN touch probes. If required, please contact
HEIDENHAIN.

Assigning the tool-carrier kinematics

Follow the procedure below to assign carrier kinematics to a tool:
 Select any machine operating mode
 Select the tool table: Press the TOOL TABLE soft key

 Set the EDIT soft key to ON

 Select the last soft key row

 Show the list of available kinematics: The TNC

displays all tool carrier kinematics (.TAB files) and all
tool carrier kinematics you have already
parameterized (.CFX files). In addition, the selection
window shows a preview of the currently active
carrier kinematics
 Select the desired kinematics configuration with the
arrow keys and confirm your selection with the OK
soft key

Please also note the information on tool-carrier

management in combination with Dynamic Collision
Monitoring (DCM): See "Tool-carrier management (DCM
software option)" on page 422.

192 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Using an external PC to overwrite individual tool
data
The HEIDENHAIN data transfer software TNCremoNT provides an
especially convenient way to use an external PC to overwrite tool data
(see "Software for data transfer" on page 669). This applies when you
measure tool data on an external tool presetter and then want to
transfer the data to the TNC. Follow this procedure:
 Copy the tool table TOOL.T to the TNC, for example to TST.T
 Start the data transfer software TNCremoNT on the PC
 Establish a connection with the TNC
 Transfer the copied tool table TST.T to the PC
 Use any text editor to reduce TST.T to the lines and columns to be
changed (see figure). Make sure that the header is not changed and
the data is always flush in the column. The tool number (column T)
need not be consecutive
 In TNCremoNT, select the menu item <Extras> and <TNCcmd>:
This starts TNCcmd.
 To transfer TST.T to the TNC, enter the following command and
confirm with the return key (see figure):
put tst.t tool.t /m

During transfer, only the tool data defined in the subfile

(e.g. TST.T) is overwritten. All other tool data of the table
TOOL.T remains unchanged.
The procedure for copying tool tables using the TNC file
manager is described in the section on file management
(see "Copying a table" on page 135).

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5.2 Tool data

Pocket table for tool changer

The machine tool builder adapts the features of the

pocket table to the requirements of your machine. The
machine manual provides further information.

For automatic tool changing you need the pocket table TOOL_P.TCH.
The TNC can manage several pocket tables with any file names. To
activate a specific pocket table for program run, you must select it in
the file management of a Program Run mode of operation (status M).
In order to be able to manage various magazines in a tool-pocket table
(indexing the pocket number), machine parameters 7261.0 to 7261.3
must not be equal to 0.
The TNC can control up to 9999 magazine pockets in the pocket
table.

Editing a pocket table in a Program Run operating mode

 Select the tool table: Press the TOOL TABLE soft key

 Select the pocket table: Press the POCKET TABLE

soft key
 Set the EDIT soft key to ON. On your machine this
might not be necessary or even possible. Refer to
your machine manual

194 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Selecting a pocket table in the Programming and Editing mode of
operation
 Call the file manager

 Press the SELECT TYPE soft key to select the file type
 Press the soft key TCH FILES (second soft-key row) to
show files of the type .TCH
 Select a file or enter a new file name. Conclude your
entry with the ENT key or the SELECT soft key

Abbr. Inputs Dialog

P Pocket number of the tool in the tool magazine -

T Tool number Tool number?

ST Special tool; If your special tool blocks pockets in front of and behind its Special tool?
actual pocket, these additional pockets need to be locked in column L
(status L).

F The tool is always returned to the same pocket in the tool magazine Fixed pocket? Yes = ENT /
No = NO ENT

L Locked pocket (see also column ST) Pocket locked Yes = ENT /
No = NO ENT

PLC Information on this tool pocket that is to be sent to the PLC PLC status?

TNAME Display of the tool name from TOOL.T -

DOC Display of the comment to the tool from TOOL.T -

PTYP Tool type. Function is defined by the machine tool builder. The machine tool Tool type for pocket
documentation provides further information table?

P1 ... P5 Function is defined by the machine tool builder. The machine tool Value?
documentation provides further information

RSV Pocket reservation for box magazines Pocket reserv.: Yes = ENT
/ No = NOENT

LOCKED_ABOVE Box magazine: Lock the pocket above Lock the pocket above?

LOCKED_BELOW Box magazine: Lock the pocket below Lock the pocket below?

LOCKED_LEFT Box magazine: Lock the pocket at left Lock the pocket at left?

LOCKED_RIGHT Box magazine: Lock the pocket at right Lock the pocket at right?

S1 ... S5 Function is defined by the machine tool builder. The machine tool Value?
documentation provides further information

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5.2 Tool data

Editing functions for pocket tables Soft key

Select beginning of table

Select end of table

Select previous page in table

Select next page in table

Reset pocket table

Reset tool number column T

Go to beginning of next line

Reset column to original state. Only applies to

the columns RSV, LOCKED_ABOVE, LOCKED_BELOW,
LOCKED_LEFT, and LOCKED_RIGHT

Copy all tool data of a line (can also be done using

CTRL+C)

Paste all previously copied tool data (can also be

done using CTRL+V)

196 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Calling tool data
A TOOL CALL block in the part program is defined with the following
data:
 Select the tool call function with the TOOL CALL key
 Tool number: Enter the number or name of the tool.
The tool must already be defined in a TOOL DEF block
or in the tool table. Press the TOOL NAME soft key to
enter the name. The TNC automatically places the
tool name in quotation marks. Names always refer to
an entry in the active tool table TOOL .T. You can also
use the QS soft key to define a string parameter
containing the name of the tool to be called. If you
wish to call a tool with other compensation values,
also enter the index you defined in the tool table after
the decimal point. There is a SELECT soft key for
calling a window from which you can select a tool
defined in the tool table TOOL.T directly without
having to enter the number or name: See also "Editing
tool data in the selection window" on page 198.
 Working spindle axis X/Y/Z: Enter the tool axis
 Spindle speed S: Enter the spindle speed directly or
allow the TNC to calculate the spindle speed if you are
working with cutting data tables. Press the S
CALCULATE AUTOMAT. soft key. The TNC limits the
spindle speed to the maximum value set in MP 3515.
Alternatively, you can define the cutting speed Vc in
m/min. Press the VC soft key
 Feed rate F: Enter the feed rate directly or allow the
TNC to calculate the feed rate if you are working with
cutting data tables. Press the F CALCULATE
AUTOMAT. soft key. The TNC limits the feed rate to
the maximum feed rate of the slowest axis (set in
MP1010). F is effective until you program a new feed
rate in a positioning or TOOL CALL block
 Tool length oversize DL: Enter the delta value for the
tool length
 Tool radius oversize DR: Enter the delta value for the
tool radius
 Tool radius oversize DR2: Enter the delta value for
the tool radius 2

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5.2 Tool data

Editing tool data in the selection window

In the pop-up window for tool selection you can also edit the displayed
tool data:
 Use the arrow keys to select the line and then the column of the
value to be edited: The light-blue background marks the editable
field
 Set the EDIT soft key to ON, enter the desired value and confirm
with the ENT key
 If needed, select further columns and repeat the described
procedure
 Press the ENT key to load the selected tool into the program

Search for tool names in the selection window

In the pop-up window for tool selection you can search for tool names:
 Press the SEARCH soft key
 Enter the desired tool name and confirm with the ENT key: The TNC
highlights the next line in which the tool name being searched for
occurs

Example: Tool call

Call tool number 5 in the tool axis Z with a spindle speed 2500 rpm and
a feed rate of 350 mm/min. The tool length and tool radius 2 are to be
programmed with an oversize of 0.2 and 0.05 mm, the tool radius with
an undersize of 1 mm.

20 TOOL CALL 5.2 Z S2500 F350 DL+0,2 DR-1 DR2+0,05

The character D preceding L and R designates delta values.

Tool preselection with tool tables

If you are working with tool tables, use a TOOL DEF block to preselect
the next tool. Simply enter the tool number or a corresponding Q
parameter, or type the tool name in quotation marks.

198 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Tool change

The tool change function can vary depending on the

individual machine tool. The machine manual provides
further information.

Tool change position

The tool change position must be approachable without collision. With
the miscellaneous functions M91 and M92, you can enter machine-
referenced (rather than workpiece-referenced) coordinates for the tool
change position. If TOOL CALL 0 is programmed before the first tool
call, the TNC moves the tool spindle in the tool axis to a position that
is independent of the tool length.

Manual tool change

To change the tool manually, stop the spindle and move the tool to the
tool change position:
 Move to the tool change position under program control
 Interrupt program run (see "Interrupting machining", page 649)
 Tool change
 Resume program run (see "Resuming program run after an
interruption", page 652)

Automatic tool change

If your machine tool has automatic tool changing capability, the
program run is not interrupted. When the TNC reaches a tool call with
TOOL CALL, it replaces the inserted tool by another from the tool
magazine.

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5.2 Tool data

Automatic tool change if the tool life expires: M101

The function of M101 can vary depending on the individual

machine tool. The machine manual provides further
information.
The TNC can only perform an automatic tool change if the
tool change is executed via an NC macro. Refer to your
machine manual.

The TNC automatically changes the tool if the tool life TIME2 expires
during program run. To use this miscellaneous function, activate M101
at the beginning of the program. M101 is reset with M102, by reselecting
the program, or by selecting another NC block with GOTO. When
TIME1 is reached, the TNC merely sets an internal marker that can be
evaluated via the PLC (refer to your machine manual). The machine
tool builder also defines the effect of the maximum permitted violation
of the tool life OVRTIME. Refer to your machine manual.
You enter the number of the replacement tool in the RT column of the
tool table If no tool number is entered there, the TNC inserts a tool that
has the same name as the momentarily active one. The TNC starts the
search from the beginning of the tool table and inserts the first tool it
finds.
The tool is changed automatically
 after the next NC block after expiration of the tool life, or
 about one minute plus one NC block after tool life expires
(calculation is for a potentiometer setting of 100 %)

If the tool life ends during an active M120 (look ahead), the
TNC waits to change the tool until after the block in which
you canceled the radius compensation.
The TNC does not execute any automatic tool change if it
is currently running a cycle. Exception: During the Pattern
Cycles 220 and 221 (circular hole pattern and linear
pattern) the TNC can execute an automatic tool change
between two machining positions, if required.
An automatic tool change with active radius
compensation is not possible.

Caution: Danger to the workpiece and tool!

Switch off the automatic tool change with M102 if you are
working with special tools (e.g. side mill cutter) because
the TNC at first always moves the tool away from the
workpiece in tool axis direction.

200 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Prerequisites for standard NC blocks with radius compensation
RR, RL
The radius of the replacement tool must be the same as that of the
original tool. If the radii are not equal, the TNC displays an error
message and does not replace the tool.
On NC programs without radius compensation the TNC does not
check the tool radius of the replacement tool during the change.

Prerequisites for NC blocks with surface-normal vectors and 3-D

compensation
See "Three-dimensional tool compensation (software option 2)" on
page 529. The radius of the replacement tool can differ from the radius
of the original tool. The tool radius is not included in program blocks
transmitted from CAM systems. You can enter the delta value (DR)
either in the tool table or in the TOOL CALL block.
If DR is greater than zero, the TNC displays an error message and does
not replace the tool. You can suppress this message with the M
function M107, and reactivate it with M108.

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5.2 Tool data

Tool usage test

The tool usage test function must be enabled by your

machine manufacturer. Refer to your machine manual.

The following are prerequisites for a tool usage test:

 Bit 2 of the machine parameter must be set to 7246=1
 The machining timer must be active in the Test Run operating mode
 A simulation of the plain language program must have been
completed in the Test Run operating mode

If there is no valid tool usage file available and the

machining time calculation is deactivated, then the TNC
creates a tool usage file with a default time of 10s for each
tool usage.

Settings for the tool usage test

To be able to influence the behavior of the tool usage test, a form is
available, which you can call as follows:
 Select the Program Run, Single Block mode or the Program Run, Full
Sequence mode.
 Press the Tool Usage soft key: The TNC shows a soft-key row with
functions for the usage test.
 Press the SETTINGS soft key: The TNC displays the form with the
available settings.
You can define the following settings separately for Program Run,
Full Sequence / Single Block and the Test Run:
 Do not generate tool-usage file setting:
The TNC does not generate a tool usage file
 Generate tool-usage file once setting:
The TNC generates a tool usage file once with the next NC start or
start of the simulation. Then the TNC automatically deactivates the
Do not generate tool-usage file mode to prevent the usage file
from being overwritten during further NC starts
 Generate new tool usage file after changes or as needed
(default setting):
The TNC generates a tool usage file with every NC start or every
start of the test run. The setting ensures that the TNC also
generates a new tool-usage file after program changes

202 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Applying the tool usage test
With the TOOL USAGE and TOOL USAGE TEST soft keys, you can
check before starting a program in a Program Run operating mode
whether the tools being used in the selected program have enough
service life remaining. The TNC then compares the actual service-life
values in the tool table with the nominal values from the tool usage
file.
After you have pressed the TOOL USAGE TEST soft key, the TNC
displays the result of the tool usage test in a pop-up window. Use the
CE key to close the pop-up window.
The TNC saves the tool usage times in a separate file with the
extension pgmname.H.T.DEP. (see "Changing the MOD setting for
dependent files" on page 680). The generated tool usage file contains
the following information:

Column Meaning
TOKEN  TOOL: Tool usage time per TOOL CALL. The
entries are listed in chronological order.
 TTOTAL: Total usage time of a tool
 STOTAL: Call of a subprogram (incl. cycles);
the entries are listed in chronological order
 TIMETOTAL: The total machining time of the
NC program is entered in the WTIME column.
In the PATH column the TNC saves the path
name of the corresponding NC programs.
The TIME column shows the sum of all TIME
entries (only when the spindle is on, and
without rapid traverse). The TNC sets all
other columns to 0
 TOOLFILE: In the PATH column, the TNC
saves the path name of the tool table with
which you conducted the Test Run. This
enables the TNC during the actual tool
usage test to detect whether you
performed the test run with the TOOL.T

TNR Tool number (–1: No tool inserted yet)

IDX Tool index

NAME Tool name from the tool table

TIME Tool usage time in seconds (time with feed

rate)

WTIME Tool-usage time in seconds (total usage time

between tool changes)

RAD Tool radius R + Oversize of tool radius DR

from the tool table. The unit is 0.1 µm.

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5.2 Tool data

Column Meaning
BLOCK Block number in which the TOOL CALL block
was programmed

PATH  TOKEN = TOOL: Path name of the active main

program or subprogram
 TOKEN = STOTAL: Path name of the
subprogram

T Tool number with tool index

OVRMAX Maximum feed rate override that occurred

during machining. During Test Run the TNC
enters the value 100 (%)

OVRMIN Minimum feed rate override that occurred

during machining. During Test Run the TNC
enters the value –1

NAMEPROG  0: The tool number is programmed

 1: The tool name is programmed

There are two ways to run a tool usage test for a pallet file:
 The highlight is on a pallet entry in the pallet file:
The TNC runs the tool usage test for the entire pallet
 The highlight is on a program entry in the pallet file:
The TNC runs the tool usage test only for the selected program

204 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Tool management (software option)

Tool management is a machine-dependent function,

which may be partly or completely deactivated. The
machine tool builder defines the exact range of functions,
so refer to your machine manual.

With the tool management, your machine tool builder can provide
many functions with regard to tool handling. Examples:
 Easily readable and, if you desired, adaptable representation of the
tool data in fillable forms
 Any description of the individual tool data in the new table view
 Mixed representation of data from the tool table and the pocket
table
 Fast sorting of all tool data by mouse
 Use of graphic aids, e.g. color coding of tool or magazine status
 Program-specific list of all available tools
 Program-specific usage sequence of all tools
 Copying and pasting of all tool data pertaining to a tool
 Graphic depiction of tool type in the table view and in the detail view
for a better overview of the available tool types

Calling the tool management

The tool management call can differ as described below;

refer to your machine manual!

 Select the tool table: Press the TOOL TABLE soft key

 Scroll through the soft-key row

 Press the TOOL MANAGEMENT soft key: The TNC

goes into the new table view (see figure at right)

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5.2 Tool data

In the new view, the TNC presents all tool information in the following
four tabs:
 Tools:
Tool specific information
 Tool pockets:
Pocket-specific information
 Tooling list:
List of all tools in the NC program that is selected in the Program
Run mode (only if you have already created a tool usage file, see
"Tool usage test", page 202). The TNC shows the tools missing in
the tooling list in the TOOL INFO column with the not defined dialog
marked in red
 T usage order:
List of the sequence of all tools that are inserted in the program
selected in the Program Run mode (only if you have already made a
tool usage file, see "Tool usage test", page 202). The TNC shows the
tools missing in the usage order list in the TOOL INFO column with
the not defined dialog marked in red

You can edit the tool data only in the form view, which you
can activate by pressing the FORM FOR TOOL soft key or
the ENT key for the currently highlighted tool.

206 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Operating the tool management
The tool management can be operated by mouse or with the keys and
soft keys:
Editing functions for tool management Soft key
Select beginning of table

Select end of table

Select previous page in table

Select next page in table

Call the fillable form view for the tool or magazine

pocket highlighted in the table. Alternative
function: Press the ENT key

Go to next tab: Tools, Pockets, Tooling list, T

usage order

Go to previous tab: Tools, Pockets, Tooling

list, T usage order

Search function (Find): Here you can select the

column to be searched and the search term via a
list or by entering it

Import tool data: Importing of tool data in CSV

format (see "Importing tool data" on page 210)

Export tool data: Exporting of tool data in CSV

format (see "Exporting tool data" on page 212)

Delete marked tool data: See "Deleting marked

tool data" on page 213

Refresh view for reinitializing a view if the data

stock is inconsistent

Show programmed-tools column (if Pockets tab

is active)

Define the settings:

 SORT COLUMN active:
Click the column header to sort the content of
the column
 MOVE COLUMN active:
The column can be moved by drag and drop

Reset the manually changed settings (moved

columns) to original condition

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5.2 Tool data

In addition, you can perform the following functions by mouse:

 Sorting function
You can sort the data in ascending or descending order (depending
on the active setting) by clicking a column of the table head.
 Moving columns
You can arrange the columns in any sequence you want by clicking
a column of the table head and then moving it with the mouse key
pressed down. The TNC does not save the current column
sequence when you exit the tool management (depending on the
active setting).
 Showing additional information in the fillable form view
The TNC displays tool tips when you leave the mouse pointer on an
active input field for more than a second and when you have set the
EDIT ON/OFF soft key to ON

208 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
If the form view is active, the following functions are available to you:

Editing functions, form view Soft key

Select the tool data of the previous tool

Select the tool data of the next tool

Select previous tool index (only active if indexing

is enabled)

Select the next tool index (only active if indexing

is enabled)

Discard all changes made since the form was

called ("Undo" function)

Insert new tool (2nd soft-key row)

Delete tool (2nd soft-key row)

Insert tool index (2nd soft-key row)

Delete tool index (2nd soft-key row)

Copy the tool data of the selected tool (2nd soft-

key row)

Insert the copied tool data in the selected tool

(2nd soft-key row)

Select/deselect check boxes (e.g. for TL line)

Open selection lists of combo boxes (e.g. for AFC

line)

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5.2 Tool data

Importing tool data

Using this function you can simply import tool data that you have
measured externally on a presetting device, for example. The file to be
imported must have the CSV format (comma separated values). The
CSV file format describes the structure of a text file for exchanging
simply structured data. Accordingly, the import file must have the
following structure:
 Line 1:
In the first line you define the column names in which the data
defined in the subsequent lines is to be placed. The column names
are separated from each other by commas.
 Other lines:
All the other lines contain the data that you wish to import into the
tool table. The order of the data must match the order of the column
names in Line 1. The data is separated by commas, decimal
numbers are to be defined with a decimal point.
Follow the steps outlined below for importing:
 Copy the tool table to be imported to the hard disk of the TNC in the
TNC:\systems\tooltab directory
 Start Expanded Tool Management
 Press the IMPORT TOOL soft key in the Tool Management: The
TNC shows a pop-up window with the CSV files stored in the
TNC:\systems\tooltab directory
 Use the arrow keys or mouse to select the file to be imported and
confirm with the ENT key: The TNC shows the content of the CSV
file in a pop-up window
 Press the OK and EXECUTE soft keys to start the import process.
 If the tool data file to be imported contains tool numbers that are not
available in the internal tool table, the TNC displays the COMPLETE
THE TABLE soft key. If you press this soft key, the TNC will insert
empty data records until the higher tool numbers can be transferred.

 The CSV file to be imported must be stored in the

TNC:\system\tooltab directory.
 If you import the tool data of tools whose numbers are
in the pocket table, the TNC issues an error message.
You can then decide whether you want to skip this data
record or insert a new tool. The TNC inserts a new tool
into the first empty line of the tool table.
 Make sure that the column designations are specified
correctly (see "Tool table: Standard tool data" on page
182).
 You can import any tool data, the associated data record
does not have to contain all the columns (or data) of the
tool table.
 The column names can be in any order, the data must
be defined in the corresponding order.

210 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Sample import file:

T,L,R,DL,DR Line 1 with column names

4,125.995,7.995,0,0 Line 2 with tool data
9,25.06,12.01,0,0 Line 3 with tool data
28,196.981,35,0,0 Line 4 with tool data

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5.2 Tool data

Exporting tool data

Using this function you can simply export tool data to read it into the
tool database of your CAM system, for example. The TNC stores the
exported file in the CSV format (comma separated values). The CSV
file format describes the structure of a text file for exchanging simply
structured data. The export file has the following structure:
 Line 1:
In the first line the TNC stores the column names of all the relevant
tool data to be defined. The column names are separated from each
other by commas.
 Other lines:
All the other lines contain the data of the tools that you have
exported. The order of the data matches the order of the column
names in Line 1. The data is separated by commas, the TNC outputs
decimal numbers with a decimal point.
Follow the steps outlined below for exporting:
 In the tool management you use the arrow keys or mouse to mark
the tool data that you wish to export
 Press the EXPORT TOOL soft key. The TNC shows a pop-up
window: specify the name for the CSV file and confirm with the ENT
key
 Press the OK and EXECUTE soft keys to start the export process:
The TNC shows the status of the export process in a pop-up window
 Terminate the export process by pressing the END key or soft key

The TNC always stores the exported CSV file in the

TNC:\system\tooltab directory.

212 Programming: Tools

 5.2 Tool data
Deleting marked tool data
Using this function you can simply delete tool data that you no longer
need.
Follow the steps outlined below for deleting:
 In the tool management you use the arrow keys or mouse to mark
the tool data that you wish to delete
 Press the DELETE MARKED TOOLS soft key. The TNC shows a
pop-up window listing the tool data to be deleted
 Press the START soft key to start the deletion process: The TNC
shows the status of the delete process in a pop-up window
 Terminate the deletion process by pressing the END key or soft key

 The TNC deletes all the data of all the tools selected.
Make sure that you really no longer need the tool data,
because there is no Undo function available.
 You cannot delete the tool data of tools still stored in
the pocket table. First remove the tool from the
magazine.

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5.3 Tool compensation

5.3 Tool compensation

Introduction
The TNC adjusts the spindle path in the spindle axis by the
compensation value for the tool length. In the working plane, it
compensates the tool radius.
If you are writing the part program directly on the TNC, the tool radius
compensation is effective only in the working plane. The TNC
accounts for the compensation value in up to five axes including the
rotary axes.

If a part program generated by a CAM system contains

surface-normal vectors, the TNC can perform three-
dimensional tool compensation (see "Three-dimensional
tool compensation (software option 2)", page 529).

Tool length compensation

Length compensation becomes effective automatically as soon as a
tool is called and the spindle axis moves. To cancel length
compensation, call a tool with the length L=0.

Danger of collision!
If you cancel a positive length compensation with TOOL
CALL 0, the distance between tool and workpiece will be
reduced.
After TOOL CALL, the path of the tool in the spindle axis, as
entered in the part program, is adjusted by the difference
between the length of the previous tool and that of the
new one.

For tool length compensation, the control takes the delta values from
both the TOOL CALL block and the tool table into account:
Compensation value = L + DLTOOL CALL + DLTAB where

L: Tool length L from the TOOL DEF block or tool table

DL TOOL CALL: Oversize for length DL in the TOOL CALL 0 block
(not taken into account by the position display)
DL TAB: Oversize for length DL in the tool table

214 Programming: Tools

 5.3 Tool compensation
Tool radius compensation
The NC block for programming a tool movement contains:
 RL or RR for radius compensation RL
 R+ or R-, for radius compensation in single-axis movements R0
 R0 if there is no radius compensation
Radius compensation becomes effective as soon as a tool is called
and is moved with a straight line block in the working plane with RL or
RR. R

The TNC automatically cancels radius compensation if

you:
R
 program a straight line block with R0. If the straight-line
block contains only one coordinate in the tool-axis
direction, then the TNC cancels the radius
compensation but it does not necessarily move
correctly in the working plane.
 depart the contour with the DEP function
 program a PGM CALL
 select a new program with PGM MGT

For radius compensation, the TNC takes the delta values from both the
TOOL CALL block and the tool table into account:
Compensation value = R + DRTOOL CALL + DRTAB where
R: Tool radius R from the TOOL DEF block or tool table
DR TOOL CALL: Oversize for radius DR in the TOOL CALL block (not
taken into account by the position display)
DR TAB: Oversize for radius DR in the tool table

Contouring without radius compensation: R0

The tool center moves in the working plane along the programmed
path or to the programmed coordinates.
Applications: Drilling and boring, pre-positioning
Z
Y

X
Y

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5.3 Tool compensation

Contouring with radius compensation: RR and RL

RR The tool moves to the right of the programmed contour

RL The tool moves to the left of the programmed contour
Y
The tool center moves along the contour at a distance equal to the
radius. "Right" or "left" are to be understood as based on the direction
of tool movement along the workpiece contour. See figures.

Between two program blocks with different radius

compensations RR and RL you must program at least one
traversing block in the working plane without radius RL
compensation (that is, with R0).
The TNC does not put radius compensation into effect
until the end of the block in which it is first programmed.
You can also activate the radius compensation for X
secondary axes in the working plane. Program the
secondary axes too in each following block, since
otherwise the TNC will execute the radius compensation
in the principal axis again.
In the first block in which radius compensation is activated
with RR/RL or canceled with R0 the TNC always positions Y
the tool perpendicular to the programmed starting or end
position. Position the tool at a sufficient distance from the
first or last contour point to prevent the possibility of
damaging the contour.

RR

216 Programming: Tools

 5.3 Tool compensation
Entering radius compensation

Radius compensation is entered in an L block. Enter the coordinates

of the target point and confirm your entry with ENT

RADIUS COMP.: RL/RR/NO COMP.?

Select tool movement to the left of the contour: Press

the RL soft key or

Select tool movement to the right of the contour:

Press the RR soft key or

Select tool movement without radius compensation

or cancel radius compensation: Press the ENT key

Terminate the block: Press the END key

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5.3 Tool compensation

Radius compensation: Machining corners

 Outside corners:
If you program radius compensation, the TNC moves the tool
around outside corners either on a transitional arc or on a spline
(selectable via MP7680). If necessary, the TNC reduces the feed
rate at outside corners to reduce machine stress, for example at
very great changes of direction.
 Inside corners:
The TNC calculates the intersection of the tool center paths at inside
RL
corners under radius compensation. From this point it then starts
the next contour element. This prevents damage to the workpiece
at the inside corners. The permissible tool radius, therefore, is
limited by the geometry of the programmed contour.

Caution: Danger to the workpiece!

To prevent the tool from damaging the contour, be careful
not to program the starting or end position for machining
inside corners at a corner of the contour.

Machining corners without radius compensation

If you program the tool movement without radius compensation, you
can change the tool path and feed rate at workpiece corners with the
miscellaneous function M90, see "Smoothing corners: M90", page 383.

RL RL

218 Programming: Tools

Programming:
Programming Contours
6.1 Tool movements

6.1 Tool movements

Path functions
A workpiece contour is usually composed of several contour elements
such as straight lines and circular arcs. With the path functions, you L
can program the tool movements for straight lines and circular arcs. L CC

FK free contour programming L

If a production drawing is not dimensioned for NC and the dimensions

C
given are not sufficient for creating a part program, you can program
the workpiece contour with the FK free contour programming. The
TNC calculates the missing data.
With FK programming, you also program tool movements for straight
lines and circular arcs.

Miscellaneous functions M
With the TNC’s miscellaneous functions you can affect
 The program run, e.g., a program interruption
 The machine functions, such as switching spindle rotation and Y
coolant supply on and off
 The path behavior of the tool 80
CC
60
Subprograms and program section repeats

0
R4
40
If a machining sequence occurs several times in a program, you can
save time and reduce the chance of programming errors by entering
the sequence once and then defining it as a subprogram or program
section repeat. If you wish to execute a specific program section only
under certain conditions, you also define this machining sequence as X
a subprogram. In addition, you can have a part program call a separate 10 115
program for execution.
Programming with subprograms and program section repeats is
described in Chapter 8.

Programming with Q parameters

Instead of programming numerical values in a part program, you enter
markers called Q parameters. You assign the values to the Q
parameters separately with the Q parameter functions. You can use
the Q parameters for programming mathematical functions that
control program execution or describe a contour.
In addition, programming with Q parameters enables you to measure
with the touch probe during program run.
Programming with Q parameters is described in Chapter 9.

220 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.2 Fundamentals of path functions
6.2 Fundamentals of path functions
Programming tool movements for workpiece
Z
machining
You create a part program by programming the path functions for the
individual contour elements in sequence. You usually do this by Y
entering the coordinates of the end points of the contour
elements given in the production drawing. The TNC calculates the X
actual path of the tool from these coordinates, and from the tool data
and radius compensation.
The TNC moves all axes programmed in a single block simultaneously.
100
Movement parallel to the machine axes
The program block contains only one coordinate. The TNC thus moves
the tool parallel to the programmed axis.
Depending on the individual machine tool, the part program is
executed by movement of either the tool or the machine table on
which the workpiece is clamped. Nevertheless, you always program
path contours as if the tool were moving and the workpiece remaining
stationary. Z
Example:

50 L X+100 Y
X
50 Block no. 50
L Path function "straight line at "
X+100 Coordinate of the end point
The tool retains the Y and Z coordinates and moves to the position 70
X=100. See figure.

Movement in the main planes

The program block contains two coordinates. The TNC thus moves the
tool in the programmed plane.
Example:

L X+70 Y+50
Z
The tool retains the Z coordinate and moves in the XY plane to the
position X=70, Y=50. See picture
Y
Three-dimensional movement
X
The program block contains three coordinates. The TNC thus moves
the tool in space to the programmed position.
Example:

L X+80 Y+0 Z-10 80

-10

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6.2 Fundamentals of path functions

Entering more than three coordinates

The TNC can control up to 5 axes simultaneously (software option).
Machining with five axes, for example, moves three linear and two
rotary axes simultaneously.
Such programs are too complex to program at the machine, however,
and are usually created with a CAM system.
Example:

L X+20 Y+10 Z+2 A+15 C+6 R0 F100 M3

Circles and circular arcs

The TNC moves two axes simultaneously on a circular path relative to
the workpiece. You can define a circular movement by entering the
circle center CC.
When you program a circle, the control assigns it to one of the main
planes. This plane is defined automatically when you set the spindle
axis during a TOOL CALL:

Spindle axis Main plane

Z XY, also
Y Y
UV, XV, UY

Y ZX, also
WU, ZU, WX
CC
X YZ, also YCC
VW, YW, VZ

You can program circles that do not lie parallel to a main

plane by using the function for tilting the working plane X X
XCC
(see User's Manual for Cycles, Cycle 19, WORKING
PLANE) or Q parameters (see "Principle and overview",
page 314).

222 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.2 Fundamentals of path functions
Direction of rotation DR for circular movements
When a circular path has no tangential transition to another contour
element, enter the direction of rotation as follows:
Z
Clockwise direction of rotation: DR-
DR+
Counterclockwise direction of rotation: DR+
Y DR– CC
Radius compensation
CC
The radius compensation must be in the block in which you move to X
the first contour element. You cannot activate radius compensation in
a circle block. Activate it beforehand in a straight-line block (see "Path
contours—Cartesian coordinates", page 233) or approach block (APPR
block, see "Contour approach and departure", page 225).

Pre-positioning
Before running a part program, always pre-position the tool to prevent
the possibility of damaging it or the workpiece.

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6.2 Fundamentals of path functions

Creating the program blocks with the path function keys

The gray path function keys initiate the plain-language dialog. The TNC
asks you successively for all the necessary information and inserts the
program block into the part program.
Example—programming a straight line:

Initiate the programming dialog, e.g. for a straight line

COORDINATES?

Enter the coordinates of the straight-line end point,

e.g. –20 in X

COORDINATES?

Enter the coordinates of the straight-line end point,

e.g. 30 in Y, and confirm with the ENT key

RADIUS COMP.: RL/RR/NO COMP.?

Select the radius compensation (here, press the R0

soft key—the tool moves without compensation)

FEED RATE F=? / F MAX = ENT

Enter the feed rate (here, 100 mm/min), and confirm

100 your entry with ENT. For programming in inches:
Entry of 100 corresponds to a feed rate of 10
inches/min.

Move at rapid traverse: Press the F MAX soft key, or

Traverse with the feed rate defined in the TOOL CALL

block: Press the F AUTO soft key

MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTION M?

3 Enter a miscellaneous function (here, M3), and

terminate the dialog with ENT

The part program now contains the following line:

L X-20 Y+30 R0 FMAX M3

224 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.3 Contour approach and departure
6.3 Contour approach and
departure
Overview: Types of paths for contour approach
and departure
The functions for contour approach APPR and departure DEP are
activated with the APPR/DEP key. You can then select the desired
path function with the corresponding soft key:

Function Approach Departure

Straight line with tangential connection

Straight line perpendicular to a contour

point

Circular arc with tangential connection

Circular arc with tangential connection

to the contour. Approach and departure
to an auxiliary point outside the contour
on a tangentially connecting line

Approaching and departing a helix

The tool approaches and departs a helix on its extension by moving in
a circular arc that connects tangentially to the contour. You program
helix approach and departure with the APPR CT and DEP CT functions.

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6.3 Contour approach and departure

Important positions for approach and departure

 Starting point PS
You program this position in the block before the APPR block. PS lies
outside the contour and is approached without radius compensation
(R0).
 Auxiliary point PH RL
Some of the paths for approach and departure go through an
auxiliary point PH that the TNC calculates from your input in the
APPR or DEP block. The TNC moves from the current position to the RL
auxiliary point PH at the feed rate last programmed. If you have
programmed FMAX (positioning at rapid traverse) in the last
PN R0
positioning block before the approach function, the TNC also
approaches the auxiliary point PH at rapid traverse. PA RL PE RL
 First contour point PA and last contour point PE
You program the first contour point PA in the APPR block. The last PH RL
contour point PE can be programmed with any path function. If the
APPR block also contains a Z axis coordinate, the TNC will first move PS R0
the tool to PH in the working plane, and then move it to the entered
depth in the tool axis.
 End point PN
The position PN lies outside of the contour and results from your
input in the DEP block. If the DEP block also contains a Z axis
coordinate, the TNC will first move the tool to PH in the working
plane, and then move it to the entered height in the tool axis.

Short designation Meaning

APPR Approach

DEP Departure

L Line

C Circle

T Tangential (smooth connection)

N Normal (perpendicular)

When moving from the present position to the auxiliary

point PH the TNC does not check whether the
programmed contour will be damaged. Use the test
graphics to check.
With the APPR LT, APPR LN and APPR CT functions, the
TNC moves the tool from the actual position to the
auxiliary point PH at the feed rate that was last
programmed. With the APPR LCT function, the TNC
moves to the auxiliary point PH at the feed rate
programmed with the APPR block. If no feed rate is
programmed before the approach block, the TNC
generates an error message.

226 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.3 Contour approach and departure
Polar coordinates
You can also program the contour points for the following
approach/departure functions over polar coordinates:
 APPR LT becomes APPR PLT
 APPR LN becomes APPR PLN
 APPR CT becomes APPR PCT
 APPR LCT becomes APPR PLCT
 DEP LCT becomes DEP PLCT
Select by soft key an approach or departure function, then press the
orange P key.

Radius compensation
The tool radius compensation is programmed together with the first
contour point PA in the APPR block. The DEP blocks automatically
discard the tool radius compensation.
Contour approach without radius compensation: If you program the
APPR block with R0, the TNC will calculate the tool path for a tool
radius of 0 mm and a radius compensation RR! The radius
compensation is necessary to set the direction of contour approach
and departure in the APPR/DEP LN and APPR/DEP CT functions. In
addition, you must program both coordinates in the working plane in
the first traverse block after APPR.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 227

6.3 Contour approach and departure

Approaching on a straight line with tangential

connection: APPR LT Y
35
The tool moves on a straight line from the starting point PS to an
auxiliary point PH. It then moves to the first contour point PA on a

RR
straight line that connects tangentially to the contour. The auxiliary PA

15
point PH is separated from the first contour point PA by the distance 20 RR
LEN.
 Use any path function to approach the starting point PS
10
 Initiate the dialog with the APPR/DEP key and the APPR LT soft key: PH PS
 Coordinates of the first contour point PA RR R0

 LEN: Distance from the auxiliary point PH to the first

contour point PA X
20 35 40
 Radius compensation RR/RL for machining

Example NC blocks
7 L X+40 Y+10 R0 FMAX M3 Approach PS without radius compensation
8 APPR LT X+20 Y+20 Z-10 LEN15 RR F100 PA with radius comp. RR, distance PH to PA: LEN=15
9 L X+35 Y+35 End point of the first contour element
10 L ... Next contour element

Approaching on a straight line perpendicular to

the first contour point: APPR LN Y
35
The tool moves on a straight line from the starting point PS to an
auxiliary point PH. It then moves to the first contour point PA on a
RR
straight line perpendicular to the first contour element. The auxiliary PA
point PH is separated by the distance LEN plus the tool radius from the 20 RR
first contour point PA. 15
 Use any path function to approach the starting point PS
10
 Initiate the dialog with the APPR/DEP key and the APPR LN soft key: PH PS
 Coordinates of the first contour point PA RR R0
 Length: Distance to the auxiliary point PH. Always
enter LEN as a positive value! X
10 20 40
 Radius compensation RR/RL for machining

Example NC blocks
7 L X+40 Y+10 R0 FMAX M3 Approach PS without radius compensation
8 APPR LN X+10 Y+20 Z-10 LEN15 RR F100 PA with radius comp. RR
9 L X+20 Y+35 End point of the first contour element
10 L ... Next contour element

228 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.3 Contour approach and departure
Approaching on a circular path with tangential
connection: APPR CT Y
35
The tool moves on a straight line from the starting point PS to an
auxiliary point PH. It then moves to the first contour point PA following

RR
a circular arc that is tangential to the first contour element. PA
20 RR
The arc from PH to PA is determined through the radius R and the CCA=
center angle CCA. The direction of rotation of the circular arc is 180°
automatically derived from the tool path for the first contour element. 0
10 R1
 Use any path function to approach the starting point PS PS
R0
 Initiate the dialog with the APPR/DEP key and the APPR CT soft key:
PH
 Coordinates of the first contour point PA
X
 Radius R of the circular arc 10 20 40
 If the tool should approach the workpiece in the
direction defined by the radius compensation: Enter
R as a positive value
 If the tool should approach from the workpiece
side:
Enter R as a negative value.
 Center angle CCA of the arc
 CCA can be entered only as a positive value
 Maximum input value 360°
 Radius compensation RR/RL for machining

Example NC blocks
7 L X+40 Y+10 R0 FMAX M3 Approach PS without radius compensation
8 APPR CT X+10 Y+20 Z-10 CCA180 R+10 RR F100 PA with radius comp. RR, radius R=10
9 L X+20 Y+35 End point of the first contour element
10 L ... Next contour element

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 229

6.3 Contour approach and departure

Approaching on a circular arc with tangential

connection from a straight line to the contour: Y
35
APPR LCT
The tool moves on a straight line from the starting point PS to an

RR
auxiliary point PH. It then moves to the first contour point PA on a PA
circular arc. The feed rate programmed in the APPR block is effective 20 RR
for the entire path that the TNC traversed in the approach block (path
PS to PA).
0
10 R1
If you have programmed the coordinates of all three principal axes X, PS
Y and Z in the approach block, the TNC moves the tool from the
R0
position defined before the APPR block simultaneously in all three PH
axes to the auxiliary point PH and then, only in the working plane, from RR
PH to PA. X
10 20 40
The arc is connected tangentially both to the line PS – PH as well as to
the first contour element. Once these lines are known, the radius then
suffices to completely define the tool path.
 Use any path function to approach the starting point PS
 Initiate the dialog with the APPR/DEP key and the APPR LCT soft
key:
 Coordinates of the first contour point PA

 Radius R of the circular arc. Enter R as a positive value

 Radius compensation RR/RL for machining

Example NC blocks
7 L X+40 Y+10 R0 FMAX M3 Approach PS without radius compensation
8 APPR LCT X+10 Y+20 Z-10 R10 RR F100 PA with radius comp. RR, radius R=10
9 L X+20 Y+35 End point of the first contour element
10 L ... Next contour element

230 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.3 Contour approach and departure
Departing on a straight line with tangential
connection: DEP LT Y
The tool moves on a straight line from the last contour point PE to the RR
end point PN. The line lies on the extension of the last contour
element. PN is separated from PE by the distance LEN.
 Program the last contour element with the end point PE and radius 20 PE
compensation RR

12.5
 Initiate the dialog with the APPR/DEP key and the DEP LT soft key:
 LEN: Enter the distance from the last contour element
PE to the end point PN PN
R0

X
Example NC blocks
23 L Y+20 RR F100 Last contour element: PE with radius compensation
24 DEP LT LEN12.5 F100 Depart contour by LEN=12.5 mm
25 L Z+100 FMAX M2 Retract in Z, return to block 1, end program

Departing on a straight line perpendicular to the

last contour point: DEP LN Y
The tool moves on a straight line from the last contour point PE to the RR
end point PN. The line departs on a perpendicular path from the last PN
contour point PE. PN is separated from PE by the distance LEN plus the
tool radius. R0
20 PE
 Program the last contour element with the end point PE and radius
RR
compensation 20
 Initiate the dialog with the APPR/DEP key and the DEP LN soft key:
 LEN: Enter the distance from the last contour element
to PN
Always enter LEN as a positive value!
X

Example NC blocks
23 L Y+20 RR F100 Last contour element: PE with radius compensation
24 DEP LN LEN+20 F100 Depart perpendicular to contour by LEN=20 mm
25 L Z+100 FMAX M2 Retract in Z, return to block 1, end program

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 231

6.3 Contour approach and departure

Departing on a circular path with tangential

connection: DEP CT Y
The tool moves on a circular arc from the last contour point PE to the RR
end point PN. The circular arc connects tangentially to the last contour PN
element.
R0
 Program the last contour element with the end point PE and radius 20
PE
compensation 180°

R8
RR
 Initiate the dialog with the APPR/DEP key and the DEP CT soft key:
 Center angle CCA of the arc
 Radius R of the circular arc
 If the tool should depart the workpiece in the X
direction of the radius compensation (i.e. to the
right with RR or to the left with RL): Enter R as a
positive value
 If the tool should depart the workpiece in the
direction opposite to the radius compensation:
Enter R as a negative value

Example NC blocks
23 L Y+20 RR F100 Last contour element: PE with radius compensation
24 DEP CT CCA 180 R+8 F100 Center angle=180°,
arc radius=8 mm
25 L Z+100 FMAX M2 Retract in Z, return to block 1, end program

Departing on a circular arc tangentially

connecting the contour and a straight line: Y
DEP LCT RR

The tool moves on a circular arc from the last contour point PE to an
auxiliary point PH. It then moves on a straight line to the end point PN.
20
The arc is tangentially connected both to the last contour element and PE
R8

to the line from PH to PN. Once these lines are known, the radius R RR
suffices to unambiguously define the tool path. 12
PH
 Program the last contour element with the end point PE and radius PN
compensation R0
R0
 Initiate the dialog with the APPR/DEP key and the DEP LCT soft key:
 Enter the coordinates of the end point PN X
10
 Radius R of the circular arc. Enter R as a positive value

Example NC blocks
23 L Y+20 RR F100 Last contour element: PE with radius compensation
24 DEP LCT X+10 Y+12 R+8 F100 Coordinates PN, arc radius=8 mm
25 L Z+100 FMAX M2 Retract in Z, return to block 1, end program

232 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.4 Path contours—Cartesian coordinates
6.4 Path contours—Cartesian
coordinates
Overview of path functions
Function Path function key Tool movement Required input Page
Line L Straight line Coordinates of the end Page 234
point of the straight line

Chamfer: CHF Chamfer between two Chamfer side length Page 235
straight lines

Circle Center CC None Coordinates of the circle Page 237

center or pole

Circular arc C Circular arc around a circle Coordinates of the arc end Page 238
center CC to an arc end point, direction of rotation
point

Circular arc CR Circular arc with a certain Coordinates of the arc end Page 239
radius point, arc radius, direction
of rotation

Circular arc CT Circular arc with tangential Coordinates of the arc end Page 241
connection to the point
preceding and subsequent
contour elements

Corner Rounding RND Circular arc with tangential Rounding radius R Page 236
connection to the
preceding and subsequent
contour elements

FK free contour Straight line or circular path see "Path contours—FK Page 258
programming with any connection to the free contour programming",
preceding contour element page 254

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 233

6.4 Path contours—Cartesian coordinates

Straight line L
The TNC moves the tool in a straight line from its current position to
the straight-line end point. The starting point is the end point of the Y
preceding block.
40
 Coordinates of the end point of the straight line, if
necessary

15
 Radius compensation RL/RR/R0

10
 Feed rate F
 Miscellaneous function M

Example NC blocks
7 L X+10 Y+40 RL F200 M3 20 X
10
8 L IX+20 IY-15
60
9 L X+60 IY-10

Actual position capture

You can also generate a straight-line block (L block) by using the
ACTUAL-POSITION-CAPTURE key:
 In the Manual Operation mode, move the tool to the position you
want to capture
 Switch the screen display to Programming and Editing
 Select the program block after which you want to insert the L block
 Press the ACTUAL-POSITION-CAPTURE key: The
TNC generates an L block with the actual position
coordinates

In the MOD function, you define the number of axes that

the TNC saves in a L block (see "Selecting the axes for
generating L blocks", page 688).

234 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.4 Path contours—Cartesian coordinates
Inserting a chamfer between two straight lines
The chamfer enables you to cut off corners at the intersection of two
straight lines.
 The line blocks before and after the CHF block must be in the same
Y 12
working plane as the chamfer.
 The radius compensation before and after the CHF block must be the
same

12
5
 The chamfer must be machinable with the current tool 30

 Chamfer side length: Length of the chamfer, and if

necessary:
 Feed rate F (effective only in CHF block)

Example NC blocks 5 X
7 L X+0 Y+30 RL F300 M3 40
8 L X+40 IY+5
9 CHF 12 F250
10 L IX+5 Y+0

You cannot start a contour with a CHF block.

A chamfer is possible only in the working plane.
The corner point is cut off by the chamfer and is not part
of the contour.
A feed rate programmed in the CHF block is effective only
in that block. After the CHF block, the previous feed rate
becomes effective again

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 235

6.4 Path contours—Cartesian coordinates

Corner rounding RND

The RND function is used for rounding off corners.
The tool moves on an arc that is tangentially connected to both the Y
preceding and subsequent contour elements.
The rounding arc must be machinable with the called tool.
40
 Rounding radius: Enter the radius, and if necessary:
 Feed rate F (effective only in RND block) R5 25

Example NC blocks
5 L X+10 Y+40 RL F300 M3
5
6 L X+40 Y+25
7 RND R5 F100 X
10 40
8 L X+10 Y+5

In the preceding and subsequent contour elements, both

coordinates must lie in the plane of the rounding arc. If
you machine the contour without tool-radius
compensation, you must program both coordinates in the
working plane.
The corner point is cut off by the rounding arc and is not
part of the contour.
A feed rate programmed in the RND block is effective only
in that RND block. After the RND block, the previous feed
rate becomes effective again.
You can also use an RND block for a tangential contour
approach.

236 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.4 Path contours—Cartesian coordinates
Circle center CC
You can define a circle center for circles that you have programmed
with the C key (circular path C). This is done in the following ways:
 Entering the Cartesian coordinates of the circle center in the
Z
working plane, or Y
 Using the circle center defined in an earlier block, or
 Capturing the coordinates with the ACTUAL-POSITION-CAPTURE CC
key
 Enter the coordinates for the circle center, or YCC X
If you want to use the last programmed position,
enter no coordinates

Example NC blocks
X CC
5 CC X+25 Y+25

or

10 L X+25 Y+25
11 CC

The program blocks 10 and 11 do not refer to the illustration.

Duration of effect
The circle center definition remains in effect until a new circle center
is programmed. You can also define a circle center for the secondary
axes U, V and W.
Entering the circle center incrementally
If you enter the circle center with incremental coordinates, you have
programmed it relative to the last programmed position of the tool.

The only effect of CC is to define a position as circle

center: The tool does not move to this position.
The circle center is also the pole for polar coordinates.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 237

6.4 Path contours—Cartesian coordinates

Circular arc C around circle center CC

Before programming a circular arc, you must first enter the circle
center CC. The last programmed tool position will be the starting point
of the arc. Y
 Move the tool to the circle starting point
 Enter the coordinates of the circle center

 Enter the coordinates of the arc end point, and if

necessary:
E S
 Direction of rotation DR CC

 Feed rate F
 Miscellaneous function M
X
The TNC normally makes circular movements in the active
working plane. If you program circular arcs that do not lie
in the active working plane, for example C Z... X... DR+
with a tool axis Z, and at the same time rotate this
movement, then the TNC moves the tool in a spatial arc,
which means a circular arc in 3 axes.

Example NC blocks
5 CC X+25 Y+25 Y
6 L X+45 Y+25 RR F200 M3
7 C X+45 Y+25 DR+ DR+

Full circle CC
25
For the end point, enter the same point that you used for the starting
point.
DR–
The starting and end points of the arc must lie on the
circle.
X
25 45
Input tolerance: up to 0.016 mm (selected with MP7431).
Smallest possible circle that the TNC can traverse: 0.0016
µm.

238 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.4 Path contours—Cartesian coordinates
Circular path CR with defined radius
The tool moves on a circular path with the radius R.
 Coordinates of the arc end point Y
 Radius R
Note: The algebraic sign determines the size of the
arc!
 Direction of rotation DR R
Note: The algebraic sign determines whether the arc E1=S
is concave or convex! S1=E
CC
 Miscellaneous function M
 Feed rate F
Full circle
X
For a full circle, program two blocks in succession:
The end point of the first semicircle is the starting point of the second.
The end point of the second semicircle is the starting point of the first.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 239

6.4 Path contours—Cartesian coordinates

Central angle CCA and arc radius R

The starting and end points on the contour can be connected with four
arcs of the same radius: Y
Smaller arc: CCA<180°
Enter the radius with a positive sign R>0
1 DR–
Larger arc: CCA>180°
Enter the radius with a negative sign R<0
40 DR+
The direction of rotation determines whether the arc is curving ZW
outward (convex) or curving inward (concave): R R

Convex: Direction of rotation DR– (with radius compensation RL) 2

Concave: Direction of rotation DR+ (with radius compensation RL)

Example NC blocks
X
40 70
10 L X+40 Y+40 RL F200 M3
11 CR X+70 Y+40 R+20 DR- (ARC 1)
3
or Y

11 CR X+70 Y+40 R+20 DR+ (ARC 2) DR–

ZW

or
R R
11 CR X+70 Y+40 R-20 DR- (ARC 3) 40

or
4
11 CR X+70 Y+40 R-20 DR+ (ARC 4) DR+

X
The distance from the starting and end points of the arc 40 70
diameter cannot be greater than the diameter of the arc.
The maximum radius that can be entered directly is
99.9999 m, with Q parameter programming 210 m.
You can also enter rotary axes A, B and C.

240 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.4 Path contours—Cartesian coordinates
Circular path G06 with tangential connection
The tool moves on an arc that starts tangentially to the previously
programmed contour element. Y
A transition between two contour elements is called tangential when
there is no kink or corner at the intersection between the two
contours—the transition is smooth.
The contour element to which the tangential arc connects must be
programmed immediately before the CT block. This requires at least 30
two positioning blocks. 25
 Coordinates of the arc end point, and if necessary: 20

 Feed rate F
 Miscellaneous function M

Example NC blocks
X
25 45
7 L X+0 Y+25 RL F300 M3
8 L X+25 Y+30
9 CT X+45 Y+20
10 L Y+0

A tangential arc is a two-dimensional operation: the

coordinates in the CT block and in the contour element
preceding it must be in the same plane of the arc!

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 241

6.4 Path contours—Cartesian coordinates

Example: Linear movements and chamfers with Cartesian coordinates

Y 10

3
95
2

10
20
1 4
5

20 X
5 9

0 BEGIN PGM LINEAR MM

1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Define the workpiece blank for graphic workpiece simulation
2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
3 TOOL CALL 1 Z S4000 Call the tool in the spindle axis and with the spindle speed S
4 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool in the spindle axis at rapid traverse FMAX
5 L X-10 Y-10 R0 FMAX Pre-positioning the tool
6 L Z-5 R0 F1000 M3 Move to working depth at feed rate F = 1000 mm/min
7 APPR LT X+5 Y+5 LEN10 RL F300 Approach the contour at point 1 on a straight line with tangential
connection
8 L Y+95 Move to point 2
9 L X+95 Point 3: first straight line for corner 3
10 CHF 10 Program a chamfer with length 10 mm
11 L Y+5 Point 4: 2nd straight line for corner 3, 1st straight line for corner 4
12 CHF 20 Program a chamfer with length 20 mm
13 L X+5 Move to last contour point 1, second straight line for corner 4
14 DEP LT LEN10 F1000 Depart the contour on a straight line with tangential connection
15 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M2 Retract the tool, end program
16 END PGM LINEAR MM

242 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.4 Path contours—Cartesian coordinates
Example: Circular movements with Cartesian coordinates

95
2 4 5

R3
85
R10 3

0
6
40

1 7
5

X
5 30 40 70 95

0 BEGIN PGM CIRCULAR MM

1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Define the workpiece blank for graphic workpiece simulation
2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
3 TOOL CALL 1 Z S4000 Call the tool in the spindle axis and with the spindle speed S
4 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool in the spindle axis at rapid traverse FMAX
5 L X-10 Y-10 R0 FMAX Pre-positioning the tool
6 L Z-5 R0 F1000 M3 Move to working depth at feed rate F = 1000 mm/min
7 APPR LCT X+5 Y+5 R5 RL F300 Approach the contour at point 1 on a circular arc with tangential
connection
8 L X+5 Y+85 Point 2: First straight line for corner 2
9 RND R10 F150 Insert radius with R = 10 mm, feed rate: 150 mm/min
10 L X+30 Y+85 Move to point 3: Starting point of the arc with CR
11 CR X+70 Y+95 R+30 DR- Move to point 4: End point of the arc with CR, radius 30 mm
12 L X+95 Move to point 5
13 L X+95 Y+40 Move to point 6
14 CT X+40 Y+5 Move to point 7: End point of the arc, circular arc with tangential
connection to point 6, TNC automatically calculates the radius

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 243

6.4 Path contours—Cartesian coordinates

15 L X+5 Move to last contour point 1

16 DEP LCT X-20 Y-20 R5 F1000 Depart the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection
17 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M2 Retract the tool, end program
18 END PGM CIRCULAR MM

244 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.4 Path contours—Cartesian coordinates
Example: Full circle with Cartesian coordinates

CC
50

X
50

0 BEGIN PGM C-CC MM

1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Definition of workpiece blank
2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
3 TOOL CALL 1 Z S3150 Tool call
4 CC X+50 Y+50 Defining the circle center
5 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool
6 L X-40 Y+50 R0 FMAX Pre-positioning the tool
7 L Z-5 R0 F1000 M3 Move to working depth
8 APPR LCT X+0 Y+50 R5 RL F300 Approach the starting point of the circle on a circular arc with
tangential connection
9 C X+0 DR- Move to the circle end point (= circle starting point)
10 DEP LCT X-40 Y+50 R5 F1000 Depart the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection
11 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M2 Retract the tool, end program
12 END PGM C-CC MM

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 245

6.5 Path contours—Polar coordinates

6.5 Path contours—Polar

coordinates
Overview
With polar coordinates you can define a position in terms of its angle
PA and its distance PR relative to a previously defined pole CC.
Polar coordinates are useful with:
 Positions on circular arcs
 Workpiece drawing dimensions in degrees, e.g. bolt hole circles

Overview of path functions with polar coordinates

Function Path function key Tool movement Required input Page
Straight line LP + Straight line Polar radius, polar angle of Page 247
the straight-line end point

Circular arc CP + Circular path around circle Polar angle of the arc end Page 248
center/pole to arc end point point, direction of rotation

Circular arc CTP + Circular arc with tangential Polar radius, polar angle of Page 249
connection to the preceding the arc end point
contour element

Helical interpolation + Combination of a circular and Polar radius, polar angle of Page 250
a linear movement the arc end point, coordinate
of the end point in the tool
axis

246 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.5 Path contours—Polar coordinates
Zero point for polar coordinates: pole CC
You can define the pole CC anywhere in the part program before
blocks containing polar coordinates. Set the pole in the same way as
you would program the circle center. Y
 Coordinates: Enter Cartesian coordinates for the pole
or, if you want to use the last programmed position,
enter: no coordinates. Before programming polar
coordinates, define the pole. You can only define the
pole in Cartesian coordinates. The pole remains in CC
effect until you define a new pole. YCC

Example NC blocks
12 CC X+45 Y+25

X
Straight line LP XCC

The tool moves in a straight line from its current position to the
straight-line end point. The starting point is the end point of the
preceding block.
Y
 Polar-coordinates radius PR: Enter the distance
from the pole CC to the straight-line end point
 Polar-coordinates angle PA: Angular position of the

30
straight-line end point between –360° and +360° 60°
60°
The sign of PA depends on the angle reference axis:
25
 If the angle from the angle reference axis to PR is counterclockwise: CC
PA>0
 If the angle from the angle reference axis to PR is clockwise: PA<0

Example NC blocks
X
12 CC X+45 Y+25 45

13 LP PR+30 PA+0 RR F300 M3

14 LP PA+60
15 LP IPA+60
16 LP PA+180

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 247

6.5 Path contours—Polar coordinates

Circular path CP around pole CC

The polar coordinate radius PR is also the radius of the arc. PR is defined
by the distance from the starting point to the pole CC The last
programmed tool position will be the starting point of the arc. Y
 Polar-coordinates angle PA: Angular position of the
arc end point between -99999.9999° and
+99999.9999°
0
 Direction of rotation DR R2
25
Example NC blocks CC

18 CC X+25 Y+25
19 LP PR+20 PA+0 RR F250 M3
20 CP PA+180 DR+ X
25

For incremental coordinates, enter the same sign for DR

and PA.

248 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.5 Path contours—Polar coordinates
Circular path CTP with tangential connection
The tool moves on a circular path, starting tangentially from a
preceding contour element. Y
 Polar coordinate radius PR: Distance from the arc
end point to the pole CC
 Polar coordinates angle PA: Angular position of the 120°
arc end point

5
0
R3

R2
Example NC blocks 30°
35
12 CC X+40 Y+35 CC

13 L X+0 Y+35 RL F250 M3

14 LP PR+25 PA+120
15 CTP PR+30 PA+30
X
16 L Y+0 40

The pole is not the center of the contour arc!!

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 249

6.5 Path contours—Polar coordinates

Helical interpolation
A helix is a combination of a circular movement in a main plane and a
linear movement perpendicular to this plane. You program the circular
path in a main plane.
Z
A helix is programmed only in polar coordinates.
Y CC
Application
 Large-diameter internal and external threads
X
 Lubrication grooves

Calculating the helix

To program a helix, you must enter the total angle through which the
tool is to move on the helix in incremental dimensions, and the total
height of the helix.
For calculating a helix that is to be cut in an upward direction, you need
the following data:
Thread revolutions n Thread revolutions + thread overrun at
thread beginning and end
Total height h Thread pitch P times thread revolutions n
Incremental total Number of revolutions times 360° + angle for
angle IPA beginning of thread + angle for thread
overrun
Starting coordinate Z Pitch P times (thread revolutions + thread
overrun at start of thread)

Shape of the helix

The table below illustrates in which way the shape of the helix is
determined by the work direction, direction of rotation and radius
compensation.

Work direc- Direction of Radius com-

Internal thread
tion rotation pensation
Right-handed Z+ DR+ RL
Left-handed Z+ DR– RR

Right-handed Z– DR– RR
Left-handed Z– DR+ RL

External thread
Right-handed Z+ DR+ RR
Left-handed Z+ DR– RL

Right-handed Z– DR– RL
Left-handed Z– DR+ RR

250 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.5 Path contours—Polar coordinates
Programming a helix

Always enter the same algebraic sign for the direction of

rotation and the incremental total angle IPA. The tool may
otherwise move in a wrong path and damage the contour. Z
For the total angle IPA you can enter a value of Y
-99 999.9999° to +99 999.9999°. CC
R3

5
270°
 Polar coordinates angle: Enter the total angle of tool
25 X
traverse along the helix in incremental dimensions.
After entering the angle, specify the tool axis with
an axis selection key. 40
 Enter the coordinate for the height of the helix in
incremental dimensions
 Direction of rotation DR
Clockwise helix: DR–
Counterclockwise helix: DR+
 Enter the radius compensation according to the table
Example NC blocks: Thread M6 x 1 mm with 4 revolutions

12 CC X+40 Y+25
13 L Z+0 F100 M3
14 LP PR+3 PA+270 RL F50
15 CP IPA-1440 IZ+5 DR-

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6.5 Path contours—Polar coordinates

Example: Linear movement with polar coordinates

Y
100
3
2
60°

5
R4
CC
50 1 4

6 5
5

X
5 50 100

0 BEGIN PGM LINEARPO MM

1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Definition of workpiece blank
2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
3 TOOL CALL 1 Z S4000 Tool call
4 CC X+50 Y+50 Define the datum for polar coordinates
5 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool
6 LP PR+60 PA+180 R0 FMAX Pre-positioning the tool
7 L Z-5 R0 F1000 M3 Move to working depth
8 APPR PLCT PR+45 PA+180 R5 RL F250 Approach the contour at point 1 on a circular arc with tangential
connection
9 LP PA+120 Move to point 2
10 LP PA+60 Move to point 3
11 LP PA+0 Move to point 4
12 LP PA-60 Move to point 5
13 LP PA-120 Move to point 6
14 LP PA+180 Move to point 1
15 DEP PLCT PR+60 PA+180 R5 F1000 Depart the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection
16 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M2 Retract the tool, end program
17 END PGM LINEARPO MM

252 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.5 Path contours—Polar coordinates
Example: Helix

Y
100

M64 x 1,5
CC
50

X
50 100

0 BEGIN PGM HELIX MM

1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Definition of workpiece blank
2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
3 TOOL CALL 1 Z S1400 Tool call
4 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool
5 L X+50 Y+50 R0 FMAX Pre-positioning the tool
6 CC Transfer the last programmed position as the pole
7 L Z-12.75 R0 F1000 M3 Move to working depth
8 APPR PCT PR+32 PA-182 CCA180 R+2 RL F100 Approach the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection
9 CP IPA+3240 IZ+13.5 DR+ F200 Helical traverse
10 DEP CT CCA180 R+2 Depart the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection
11 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M2 Retract the tool, end program
12 END PGM HELIX MM

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6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming

6.6 Path contours—FK free contour

programming
Fundamentals
Workpiece drawings that are not dimensioned for NC often contain
¬36
unconventional coordinate data that cannot be entered with the gray
path function keys. For example: 88.15°

 Known coordinates on the contour element or in its proximity

 Coordinate data can be referenced to another contour element

28
Y

.5
R2
 Directional data and data regarding the course of the contour

18
You can enter such dimensional data directly by using the FK free
X
contour programming function. The TNC derives the contour from the
known coordinate data and supports the programming dialog with the
interactive programming graphics. The figure at upper right shows a

R4
workpiece drawing for which FK programming is the most convenient 45°
programming method.

¬
21
20 10 5 0

254 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming
The following prerequisites for FK programming must
be observed:
The FK free contour programming feature can only be
used for programming contour elements that lie in the
working plane. The working plane is defined in the first BLK
FORM block of the part program.
You must enter all available data for every contour
element. Even the data that does not change must be
entered in every block—otherwise it will not be
recognized.
Q parameters are permissible in all FK elements, except in
elements with relative references (e.g. RX or RAN), or in
elements that are referenced to other NC blocks.
If both FK blocks and conventional blocks are entered in a
program, the FK contour must be fully defined before you
can return to conventional programming.
The TNC needs a fixed point from which it can calculate
the contour elements. Use the gray path function keys to
program a position that contains both coordinates of the
working plane immediately before programming the FK
contour. Do not enter any Q parameters in this block.
If the first block of an FK contour is an FCT or FLT block, you
must program at least two NC blocks with the gray path
function keys to fully define the direction of contour
approach.
Do not program an FK contour immediately after an LBL
command.

Creating FK programs for TNC 4xx:

For a TNC 4xx to be able to read-in FK programs created
on an iTNC 530, the individual FK elements within a block
must be in the same sequence as displayed in the soft-key
row.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 255

6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming

Graphics during FK programming

If you wish to use graphic support during FK

programming, select the PROGRAM + GRAPHICS screen
layout (see "Programming and Editing" on page 83).

Incomplete coordinate data often is not sufficient to fully define a

workpiece contour. In this case, the TNC indicates the possible
solutions in the FK graphic. You can then select the contour that
matches the drawing. The FK graphic displays the elements of the
workpiece contour in different colors:
Blue The contour element is fully defined
Green The entered data describe a limited number of possible
solutions: select the correct one
Red The entered data are not sufficient to determine the
contour element: enter further data

If the entered data permit a limited number of possible solutions and

the contour element is displayed in green, select the correct contour
element as follows:
 Press the SHOW SOLUTION soft key repeatedly until
the correct contour element is displayed. Use the
zoom function (2nd soft-key row) if you cannot
distinguish possible solutions in the standard setting
 The contour element shown corresponds to the
drawing: With the SELECT SOLUTION soft key the
TNC inserts the desired solution with the NC block
FSELECTn, where n designates the internal solution
number. You should not change the solution number
n by direct editing, but by restarting the programming
graphics and pressing the SHOW SOLUTION soft key
If you do not yet wish to select a green contour element, press the
END SELECT soft key to continue the FK dialog.

Select the green contour elements as soon as possible

with the SELECT SOLUTION soft key. This way you can
reduce the ambiguity of subsequent elements..
The machine tool builder may use other colors for the FK
graphics.
NC blocks from a program that you called with PGM CALL
are displayed in another color.

Showing block numbers in the graphic window

To show a block number in the graphic window:
 Set the SHOW OMIT BLOCK NR soft key to SHOW
(soft-key row 3)

256 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming
Converting FK programs into HEIDENHAIN
conversational format
The TNC features two possibilities for converting FK programs to
plain-language programs:
 Convert the program so that the program structure is maintained
(program-section repeats and subprogram calls). This is not possible
if you have used Q-parameter functions in the FK sequence.
 Convert the program so that program-section repeats, subprogram
calls and Q-parameter calculations are linearized. For linearization,
instead of the program-section repeats and subprogram calls, the
TNC writes the NC blocks processed internally into the generated
program or calculates values assigned via Q-parameter calculations
within an FK sequence
 Select the program you want to convert

 Select the special functions

 Select the programming aids

 Select the soft-key row with functions for converting

programs
 Convert the FK blocks of the selected program. The
TNC converts all FK blocks into straight-line blocks (L)
and circular-arc blocks (CC, C), and the program
structure is maintained, or
 Convert the FK blocks of the selected program. The
TNC converts all FK blocks into straight-line blocks (L)
and circular-arc blocks (CC, C), and the TNC linearizes
the program

The name of the file created by the TNC consists of the

old file name plus the extension _nc. Example:
 File name of the FK program: LEVER.H
 File name of the conversational dialog program
converted by the TNC: LEVER_nc.h
The resolution of the created conversational program is
0.1 µm.
After the converted NC blocks, the converted program
includes the comment SNR and a number. The number
indicates the block number of the FK program from which
the respective conversational block was calculated.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 257

6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming

Initiating the FK dialog

If you press the gray FK button, the TNC displays the soft keys you can
use to initiate an FK dialog—see the following table. Press the FK
button a second time to deselect the soft keys.
If you initiate the FK dialog with one of these soft keys, the TNC shows
additional soft-key rows that you can use for entering known
coordinates, directional data and data regarding the course of the
contour.

FK element Soft key

Straight line with tangential connection

Straight line without tangential connection

Circular arc with tangential connection

Circular arc without tangential connection

Pole for FK programming

258 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming
Pole for FK programming
 To display the soft keys for free contour programming,
press the FK soft key
 To initiate the dialog for defining the pole, press the
FPOL soft key. The TNC then displays the axis soft
keys of the active working plane
 Enter the pole coordinates using these soft keys

The pole for FK programming remains active until you

define a new one using FPOL.

Free programming of straight lines

Straight line without tangential connection
 To display the soft keys for free contour programming,
press the FK soft key
 To initiate the dialog for free programming of straight
lines, press the FL soft key. The TNC displays
additional soft keys
 Enter all known data in the block by using these soft
keys. The FK graphic displays the programmed
contour element in red until sufficient data is entered.
If the entered data describes several solutions, the
graphic will display the contour element in green (see
"Graphics during FK programming", page 256)

Straight line with tangential connection

If the straight line connects tangentially to another contour element,
initiate the dialog with the FLT soft key:
 To display the soft keys for free contour programming,
press the FK soft key
 To initiate the dialog, press the FLT soft key
 Enter all known data in the block by using the soft
keys

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 259

6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming

Free programming of circular arcs

Circular arc without tangential connection
 To display the soft keys for free contour programming,
press the FK soft key
 To initiate the dialog for free programming of circular
arcs, press the FC soft key. The TNC displays soft
keys with which you can directly enter data on the
circular arc or the circle center
 Enter all known data in the block by using these soft
keys. The FK graphic displays the programmed
contour element in red until sufficient data is entered.
If the entered data describes several solutions, the
graphic will display the contour element in green (see
"Graphics during FK programming", page 256)

Circular arc with tangential connection

If the arc connects tangentially to another contour element, initiate the
dialog with the FCT soft key:
 To display the soft keys for free contour programming,
press the FK soft key
 To initiate the dialog, press the FCT soft key
 Enter all known data in the block by using the soft
keys

Input possibilities
End point coordinates

Known data Soft keys

Y
Cartesian coordinates X and Y

R15
30
Polar coordinates referenced to FPOL 30°

20
Example NC blocks

7 FPOL X+20 Y+30

8 FL IX+10 Y+20 RR F100
9 FCT PR+15 IPA+30 DR+ R15
10 X
20

260 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming
Direction and length of contour elements

Known data Soft keys

Length of a straight line Y

Gradient angle of a straight line IAN

AN
Chord length LEN of an arc LEN
0°

Gradient angle AN of an entry tangent

Center angle of an arc X

Example NC blocks

27 FLT X+25 LEN 12.5 AN+35 RL F200

28 FC DR+ R6 LEN 10 AN-45
Y
29 FCT DR- R15 LEN 15
10

R6
.5
12

R1
35°

5
15

45°

X
25

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 261

6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming

Circle center CC, radius and direction of rotation in the FC/FCT

block
The TNC calculates a circle center for free-programmed arcs from the
data you enter. This makes it possible to program full circles in an FK Y
program block.
If you wish to define the circle center in polar coordinates you must
use FPOL, not CC, to define the pole. FPOL is entered in Cartesian
coordinates and remains in effect until the control encounters a block
in which another FPOL is defined. 5
R3
A circle center that was calculated or programmed 40°
FPOL
conventionally is then no longer valid as a pole or circle 15
CC
center for the new FK contour: If you enter conventional
polar coordinates that refer to a pole from a CC block you
have defined previously, then you must enter the pole
again in a CC block after the FK contour. X
20
Known data Soft keys
Circle center in Cartesian coordinates

Circle center in polar coordinates

Rotational direction of an arc

Radius of an arc

Example NC blocks

10 FC CCX+20 CCY+15 DR+ R15

11 FPOL X+20 Y+15
12 FL AN+40
13 FC DR+ R15 CCPR+35 CCPA+40

262 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming
Closed contours
You can identify the beginning and end of a closed contour with the
CLSD soft key. This reduces the number of possible solutions for the
last contour element. Y
Enter CLSD as an addition to another contour data entry in the first and
last blocks of an FK section.

Beginning of contour: CLSD+ CLSD+

End of contour: CLSD–
Example NC blocks

12 L X+5 Y+35 RL F500 M3

13 FC DR- R15 CLSD+ CCX+20 CCY+35 CLSD–

... X
17 FCT DR- R+15 CLSD-

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6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming

Auxiliary points
For both free-programmed straight lines and free-programmed circular
arcs, you can enter the coordinates of auxiliary points that are located
on the contour or in its proximity.

Auxiliary points on a contour

The auxiliary points are located on the straight line, the extension of
the straight line, or on the circular arc.
Y
Known data Soft keys
60.071 R10
X coordinate of an auxiliary
53
point
P1 or P2 of a straight line
70°
Y coordinate of an auxiliary
point
P1 or P2 of a straight line

X coordinate of an auxiliary
point
P1, P2 or P3 of a circular arc X
50
42.929
Y coordinate of an auxiliary
point
P1, P2 or P3 of a circular arc

Auxiliary points near a contour

Known data Soft keys

X and Y coordinates of an auxiliary point near
a straight line

Distance of auxiliary point to straight line

X and Y coordinates of an auxiliary point near

a circular arc

Distance of auxiliary point to circular arc

Example NC blocks

13 FC DR- R10 P1X+42.929 P1Y+60.071

14 FLT AN-70 PDX+50 PDY+53 D10

264 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming
Relative data
Data whose values are based on another contour element are called
relative data. The soft keys and program words for entries begin with
the letter R for Relative. The figure at right shows the entries that Y
should be programmed as relative data.

The coordinates and angles for relative data are always 20

programmed in incremental dimensions. You must also
enter the block number of the contour element on which 20 45°
the data are based. 90°

R20
20°
The block number of the contour element on which the 10
relative data are based can only be located up to 64 FPOL
positioning blocks before the block in which you program
the reference. 35 X
If you delete a block on which relative data are based, the 10
TNC will display an error message. Change the program
first before you delete the block.

Data relative to block N: End point coordinates

Known data Soft keys

Cartesian coordinates
relative to block N

Polar coordinates relative to block N

Example NC blocks

12 FPOL X+10 Y+10

13 FL PR+20 PA+20
14 FL AN+45
15 FCT IX+20 DR- R20 CCA+90 RX 13
16 FL IPR+35 PA+0 RPR 13

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6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming

Data relative to block N: Direction and distance of the contour

element

Known data Soft key

Angle between a straight line and another element Y
or between the entry tangent of the arc and another
element

Straight line parallel to another contour element

220°

95°

20
Distance from a straight line to a parallel contour

12.5
element

105° 15°
Example NC blocks
12.5 X
17 FL LEN 20 AN+15
20
18 FL AN+105 LEN 12.5
19 FL PAR 17 DP 12.5
20 FSELECT 2
21 FL LEN 20 IAN+95
22 FL IAN+220 RAN 18

Data relative to block N: Circle center CC

Known data Soft key

Y
Cartesian coordinates of the circle center
relative to block N
20
Polar coordinates of the circle center 35
relative to block N

15
R10
Example NC blocks
CC
12 FL X+10 Y+10 RL 10
13 FL ...
14 FL X+18 Y+35
15 FL ... X
10 18
16 FL ...
17 FC DR- R10 CCA+0 ICCX+20 ICCY-15 RCCX12 RCCY14

266 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming
Example: FK programming 1

Y
100

R1
5
75

R18
30
R15
20

X
20 50 75 100

0 BEGIN PGM FK1 MM

1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Definition of workpiece blank
2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
3 TOOL CALL 1 Z S500 Tool call
4 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool
5 L X-20 Y+30 R0 FMAX Pre-positioning the tool
6 L Z-10 R0 F1000 M3 Move to working depth
7 APPR CT X+2 Y+30 CCA90 R+5 RL F250 Approach the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection
8 FC DR- R18 CLSD+ CCX+20 CCY+30 FK contour section:
9 FLT Program all known data for each contour element
10 FCT DR- R15 CCX+50 CCY+75
11 FLT
12 FCT DR- R15 CCX+75 CCY+20
13 FLT
14 FCT DR- R18 CLSD- CCX+20 CCY+30
15 DEP CT CCA90 R+5 F1000 Depart the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection
16 L X-30 Y+0 R0 FMAX
17 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M2 Retract the tool, end program
18 END PGM FK1 MM

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6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming

Example: FK programming 2

10
Y 10

R20

55
R30 60°
30

X
30

0 BEGIN PGM FK2 MM

1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Definition of workpiece blank
2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
3 TOOL CALL 1 Z S4000 Tool call
4 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool
5 L X+30 Y+30 R0 FMAX Pre-positioning the tool
6 L Z+5 R0 FMAX M3 Pre-position the tool in the tool axis
7 L Z-5 R0 F100 Move to working depth

268 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming
8 APPR LCT X+0 Y+30 R5 RR F350 Approach the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection
9 FPOL X+30 Y+30 FK contour section:
10 FC DR- R30 CCX+30 CCY+30 Program all known data for each contour element
11 FL AN+60 PDX+30 PDY+30 D10
12 FSELECT 3
13 FC DR- R20 CCPR+55 CCPA+60
14 FSELECT 2
15 FL AN-120 PDX+30 PDY+30 D10
16 FSELECT 3
17 FC X+0 DR- R30 CCX+30 CCY+30
18 FSELECT 2
19 DEP LCT X+30 Y+30 R5 Depart the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection
20 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M2 Retract the tool, end program
21 END PGM FK2 MM

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6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming

Example: FK programming 3

Y
R1
0
50

R36
R24
R1,5

R5

30
R6
R6 R5 X
-10

0
R4

R65
-25

R5
0
12 44 65 110

0 BEGIN PGM FK3 MM

1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X-45 Y-45 Z-20 Definition of workpiece blank
2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+120 Y+70 Z+0
3 TOOL CALL 1 Z S4500 Tool call
4 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool
5 L X-70 Y+0 R0 FMAX Pre-positioning the tool
6 L Z-5 R0 F1000 M3 Move to working depth

270 Programming: Programming Contours

 6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming
7 APPR CT X-40 Y+0 CCA90 R+5 RL F250 Approach the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection
8 FC DR- R40 CCX+0 CCY+0 FK contour section:
9 FLT Program all known data for each contour element
10 FCT DR- R10 CCX+0 CCY+50
11 FLT
12 FCT DR+ R6 CCX+0 CCY+0
13 FCT DR+ R24
14 FCT DR+ R6 CCX+12 CCY+0
15 FSELECT 2
16 FCT DR- R1.5
17 FCT DR- R36 CCX+44 CCY-10
18 FSELECT 2
19 FCT DR+ R5
20 FLT X+110 Y+15 AN+0
21 FL AN-90
22 FL X+65 AN+180 PAR21 DP30
23 RND R5
24 FL X+65 Y-25 AN-90
25 FC DR+ R50 CCX+65 CCY-75
26 FCT DR- R65
27 FSELECT 1
28 FCT Y+0 DR- R40 CCX+0 CCY+0
29 FSELECT 4
30 DEP CT CCA90 R+5 F1000 Depart the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection
31 L X-70 R0 FMAX
32 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M2 Retract the tool, end program
33 END PGM FK3 MM

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 271

 6.6 Path contours—FK free contour programming

272
Programming: Programming Contours
Programming: Data
Transfer from DXF Files
or Plain-language
Contours
7.1 DXF data processing (software option)

7.1 DXF data processing

(software option)
Application
DXF files created in a CAD system can be opened directly by the TNC,
in order to extract contours or machining positions, and save them as
conversational programs or as point files. Plain-language programs
acquired in this manner can also be run by older TNC controls, since
these contour programs contain only L and CC/C blocks.
If you process DXF files in the Programming and Editing operating
mode, the TNC generates contour programs with the file extension .H
and point files with the extension .PNT by default. If you process DXF
files in the smarT.NC operating mode, the TNC generates contour
programs with the file extension .HC and point files with the extension
.HP by default. However, you can choose the desired file type in the
saving dialog. Furthermore, you can also save the selected contour or
the selected machining positions to the clipboard of the TNC and then
insert them directly in an NC program.

The DXF file to be processed must be stored on the hard

disk of your TNC.
Before loading the file to the TNC, ensure that the name
of the DXF file does not contain any blank spaces or illegal
special characters.(see "File names" on page 122)
The DXF file to be opened must contain at least one layer.
The TNC supports the most common DXF format, R12
(equivalent to AC1009).
The TNC does not support binary DXF format. When
generating the DXF file from a CAD or drawing program,
make sure that you save the file in ASCII format.
The following DXF elements are selectable as contours:
 LINE (straight line)
 CIRCLE (complete circle)
 ARC (circular arc)
 POLYLINE

274 Programming: Data Transfer from DXF Files or Plain-language Contours

 7.1 DXF data processing (software option)
Opening a DXF file
 Select the Programming and Editing operating mode

 Call the file manager

 In order to see the soft-key menu for selecting the file

type to be displayed, press the SELECT TYPE soft key
 In order to show all DXF files, press the SHOW DXF
soft key
 Select the directory in which the DXF file is saved
 Select the desired DXF file, and load it with the ENT
key. The TNC starts the DXF converter and shows the
contents of the DXF file on the screen. The TNC
shows the layers in the left window, and the drawing
in the right window

Working with the DXF converter

A mouse is required to use the DXF converter. Operating

modes and functions as well as contours and machining
positions can only be selected with the mouse.

The DXF converter runs as a separate application on the third desktop

of the TNC. This enables you to use the screen switchover key to
switch between the machine operating modes, the programming
modes and the DXF converter as desired. This is especially useful if
you want to insert contours or machining positions in a plain-language
program by copying through the clipboard.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 275

7.1 DXF data processing (software option)

Basic settings
The basic settings specified below are selected using the icons in the
toolbar. The icons displayed may vary depending on the operating
mode of the TNC.

Setting Icon
Set the zoom to the largest possible view

Change colors (change the background color)

Switch between 2-D and 3-D mode. If 3-D mode

is active, you can rotate and tilt the view with the
right mouse button

Set the unit of measure (mm or inches) of the

DXF file. The TNC then outputs the contour
program and the machining positions in this unit
of measure

The resolution specifies how many decimal

places the TNC should use when generating the
contour program. Default setting: 4 decimal
places (equivalent to resolution of 0.1 µm when
the unit of measure MM is active).

Contour transfer mode, set the tolerance: The

tolerance specifies how far apart neighboring
contour elements may be from each other. You
can use the tolerance to compensate for
inaccuracies that occurred when the drawing
was made. The default setting depends on the
extent of the entire DXF file.

The mode for point transfer on circles and circle

segments determines whether the TNC
automatically loads the circle center point when
selecting machining positions via mouse click
(OFF), or if additional points on the circle should
be shown as well.
 OFF
Do not show additional points on the circle.
Assume the circle center point directly when
a circle or arc is clicked
 ON
Show additional points on the circle.
Assume each desired circle point by
clicking it

Mode for point assumption: Specify whether the

TNC should display the tool path during selection
of machining positions.

276 Programming: Data Transfer from DXF Files or Plain-language Contours

 7.1 DXF data processing (software option)
Please note that you must set the correct unit of
measurement, since the DXF file does not contain any
such information.
If you want to generate programs for older TNC controls,
you must limit the resolution to three decimal places. In
addition, you must remove the comments that the DXF
converter inserts into the contour program.
The TNC displays the active basic settings in the footer of
the screen.

Layer settings
As a rule, DXF files contain multiple layers, with which the designer
organizes the drawing. The designer uses the layers to create groups
of various types of elements, such as the actual workpiece contour,
dimensions, auxiliary and design lines, shadings, and texts.
So that as little unnecessary information as possible appears on the
screen during selection of the contours, you can hide all excessive
layers contained in the DXF file.

The DXF file to be processed must contain at least one

layer.
You can even select a contour if the designer has saved it
on different layers.

 If it has not already been activated, select the mode

for the layer settings. In the left window the TNC
shows all layers contained in the active DXF file
 To hide a layer, select the layer with the left mouse
button, and click its check box to hide it
 To show a layer, select the layer with the left mouse
button, and click its check box again to show it

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7.1 DXF data processing (software option)

Specifying the reference point

The datum of the drawing for the DXF file is not always located in a
manner that lets you use it directly as a reference point for the
workpiece. Therefore, the TNC has a function with which you can shift
the drawing datum to a suitable location by clicking an element.
You can define a reference point at the following locations:
 At the beginning, end or center of a straight line
 At the beginning or end of a circular arc
 At the transition between quadrants or at the center of a complete
circle
 At the intersection between:
 A straight line and a straight line, even if the intersection is actually
on the extension of one of the lines
 Straight line – circular arc
 Straight line – full circle
 Circle – circle (regardless of whether a circular arc or a full circle)

You must use the touchpad on the TNC keyboard or a

mouse attached via the USB port in order to specify a
reference point.
You can also change the reference point once you have
already selected the contour. The TNC does not calculate
the actual contour data until you save the selected
contour in a contour program.

278 Programming: Data Transfer from DXF Files or Plain-language Contours

 7.1 DXF data processing (software option)
Selecting a reference point on a single element
 Select the mode for specifying the reference point

 Click the element on which you want to set the

reference point with the left mouse button: The TNC
indicates possible locations for reference points on
the selected element with stars
 Click the star you want to select as reference point.
The TNC sets the reference-point symbol to the
selected location. Use the zoom function if the
selected element is too small.

Selecting a reference point on the intersection of two elements

 Select the mode for specifying the reference point

 Click the first element (straight line, complete circle or

circular arc) with the left mouse button: The TNC
indicates possible locations for reference points on
the selected element with stars
 Click the second element (straight line, complete
circle or circular arc) with the left mouse button: The
TNC sets the reference-point symbol on the
intersection

The TNC calculates the intersection of two elements even

if it is on the extension of one of these elements.
If the TNC calculates multiple intersections, it selects the
intersection nearest the mouse-click on the second
element.
If the TNC cannot calculate an intersection, it rescinds the
marking of the first element.

Element information
At the bottom left of the screen, the TNC shows how far the reference
point you haven chosen is located from the drawing datum.

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7.1 DXF data processing (software option)

Selecting and saving a contour

You must use the touchpad on the TNC keyboard or a

mouse attached via the USB port in order to select a
contour.
If you are not using the contour program in the smarT.NC
operating mode, you must specify the machining
sequence when selecting the contour that it matches the
desired machining direction.
Select the first contour element such that approach
without collision is possible.
If the contour elements are very close to one another, use
the zoom function.

 Select the mode for choosing a contour. The TNC

hides the layers shown in the left window, and the
right window becomes active for contour selection
 In order to select a contour element, hover over the
contour element to be selected with the mouse
pointer. The TNC displays an arrow to indicate the
current machining direction, which you can change on
the contour element by changing the position of the
mouse. Click the desired contour element with the
left mouse button. The selected contour element
turns blue. At the same time, the TNC marks the
selected element with a symbol (circle or line) in the
left window. If further contour elements in the
selected machining sequence are clearly selectable,
these elements turn green. Click on the last green
element to assume all elements into the contour
program. The TNC shows all selected contour
elements in the left window. The TNC displays
elements that are still green in the NC column without
a check mark. The TNC does not save these elements
to the contour program. You can also include the
marked elements in the contour program by clicking
in the left window
 If necessary you can also deselect elements that you
already selected, by clicking the element in the right
window again, but this time while pressing the CTRL
key. You can deselect all selected elements by
clicking the recycle bin icon

If you have selected polylines, the TNC shows a two-level

ID number in the left window. The first number is the
serial contour element number, the second element is the
element number of the respective polyline from the DXF
file.

280 Programming: Data Transfer from DXF Files or Plain-language Contours

 7.1 DXF data processing (software option)
 Save the selected contour elements to the clipboard
of the TNC so that you can then insert the contour in
a plain-language program, or
 To save the selected contour elements in a plain-
language program, enter any file name and the target
directory in the pop-up window displayed by the TNC.
Default setting: Name of the DXF file. If the name of
the DXF file contains special characters or spaces, the
TNC replaces the characters with underscores. As an
alternative, you can also select the file type: Plain-
language program (.H) or contour description (.HC)
 Confirm the entry: The TNC saves the contour
program to the selected directory
 If you want to select more contours, press the Cancel
Selected Elements soft key and select the next
contour as described above.

The TNC also transfers two workpiece-blank definitions

(BLK FORM) to the contour program. The first definition
contains the dimensions of the entire DFX file. The
second one, which is the active one, contains only the
selected contour elements, so that an optimized size of
the workpiece blank results.
The TNC only saves elements that have actually been
selected (blue elements), which means that they have
been given a check mark in the left window.

Bookmarks
You can use the bookmarks to manage your directory favorites. You
can add or delete the current directory to or from the list, or delete all
bookmarks. All directories that you have added appear in the
bookmark list, making them available for rapid selection.
You activate the bookmark function by clicking the path name in the
right part of the pop-up window of the "Save" function.
Bookmarks are managed as follows:
 The "Save" function is active: The TNC displays the Define file
name for contour program pop-up window.
 Click (with the left mouse button) in the top right part of the pop-up
window on the currently displayed path name: The TNC then
displays a pop-up menu
 With the left mouse button, click the menu item Bookmarks and
select the desired function.

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7.1 DXF data processing (software option)

Dividing, extending and shortening contour elements

If contour elements to be selected in the drawing connect poorly, then
you must first divide the contour element. This function is
automatically available if you are in the mode for selecting a contour.
Proceed as follows:
 The poorly connecting contour element is selected, so it is colored
blue
 Click the contour element to be divided: The TNC shows the point
of intersection with a star in a circle, and the selectable end points
with simple stars
 Press the CTRL key and click the point of intersection: The TNC
divides the contour element at the point of intersection and the stars
disappear. If necessary, the TNC extends or shortens the bluntly
connecting contour element to the point of intersection of the two
elements.
 Click the divided contour element again: The TNC shows the end
points and points of intersection again
 Click the desired end point: The TNC now colors the divided element
blue
 Select the next contour element

If the contour element to be extended or shortened is a

straight line, then the TNC extends/shortens the contour
element along the same line. If the contour element to be
extended or shortened is a circular arc, then the TNC
extends/shortens the contour element along the same
arc.
In order to use this function, at least two contour
elements must already be selected, so that the direction
is clearly determined.

Element information
At the bottom left of the screen, the TNC displays information about
the contour element that you last selected via mouse click in the left
or right window.
 Straight line
End point of the straight line, and the starting point is grayed out
 Circle or arc
Circle center point, circle end point, and direction of rotation. Grayed
out: the starting point and circle radius

282 Programming: Data Transfer from DXF Files or Plain-language Contours

 7.1 DXF data processing (software option)
Selecting and storing machining positions

You must use the touchpad on the TNC keyboard or a

mouse attached via the USB port in order to select a
machining position.
If the positions to be selected are very close to one
another, use the zoom function.
If required, configure the basic settings so that the TNC
shows the tool paths (see "Basic settings" on page 276).

Three possibilities are available in the pattern generator for defining

machining positions:
 Individual selection:
You select the desired machining position through individual mouse
clicks (see "Individual selection" on page 284)
 Quick selection of hole positions in an area defined by the mouse:
By dragging the mouse to define an area, you can select all the hole
positions within it (see "Quick selection of hole positions in an area
defined by the mouse" on page 285)
 Quick selection of hole positions by entering a diameter:
By entering a hole diameter, you can select all hole positions with
that diameter in the DXF file (see "Quick selection of hole positions
by entering a diameter" on page 286)

Select a file type

The following file types are available:
 Point tables (.PNT)
 Pattern generator tables for smarT.NC (.HP)
 Plain-language Klartext program (.H)
If you save the machining positions to a plain-language program, the
TNC creates a separate linear block with cycle call for every machining
position (L X... Y... M99). You can also transfer this program to old
TNC controls and run it there.

The point tables (.PNT) of the TNC 640 and iTNC 530 are
not compatible. Transferring and processing on the other
control type in each case may lead to problems and
unforeseen performance.

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7.1 DXF data processing (software option)

Individual selection
 Select the mode for choosing a machining position.
The TNC hides the layers shown in the left window,
and the right window becomes active for position
selection
 In order to select a machining position, click the
desired element with the left mouse button. The TNC
indicates possible locations for machining positions
on the selected element with stars. Click one of the
stars: The TNC loads the selected position into the
left window (displays a point symbol). If you click a
circle, the TNC adopts the circle center as machining
position
 If necessary you can also deselect elements that you
already selected, by clicking the element in the right
window again, but this time while pressing the CTRL
key (click inside the marked area)
 If you want to specify the machining position at the
intersection of two elements, click the first element
with the left mouse button: the TNC displays stars at
the selectable machining positions
 Click the second element (straight line, complete
circle or circular arc) with the left mouse button. The
TNC loads the intersection of the elements into the
left window (displays a point symbol)
 Save the selected machining positions to the
clipboard of the TNC so that you can then insert them
as a positioning block with cycle call in a plain-
language program, or
 To save the selected machining positions to a point
file, enter the target directory and any file name in the
pop-up window displayed by the TNC. Default
setting: Name of the DXF file. If the name of the DXF
file contains special characters or spaces, the TNC
replaces the characters with underscores.
Alternately, you can also select the file type, see also
"Select a file type" on page 283
 Confirm the entry: The TNC saves the contour
program in the directory in which the DXF file is also
saved
 If you want to select more machining positions in
order to save them to a different file, press the Cancel
selected elements icon and select as described
above

284 Programming: Data Transfer from DXF Files or Plain-language Contours

 7.1 DXF data processing (software option)
Quick selection of hole positions in an area defined by the mouse
 Select the mode for choosing a machining position.
The TNC hides the layers shown in the left window,
and the right window becomes active for position
selection
 Press the shift key on the keyboard and drag the left
mouse button to define an area in which the TNC is to
adopt all included circle centers as hole positions: the
TNC opens a window in which you can filter the holes
by size
 Configure the filter settings (see "Filter settings" on
page 288) and click the Use button to confirm: The
TNC loads the selected positions into the left window
(displays a point symbol)
 If necessary you can also deselect elements that you
already selected, by dragging an area open again, but
this time while pressing the CTRL key
 Save the selected machining positions to the
clipboard of the TNC so that you can then insert them
as a positioning block with cycle call in a plain-
language program, or
 To save the selected machining positions to a point
file, enter the target directory and any file name in the
pop-up window displayed by the TNC. Default
setting: Name of the DXF file. If the name of the DXF
file contains special characters or spaces, the TNC
replaces the characters with underscores.
Alternately, you can also select the file type, see also
"Select a file type" on page 283
 Confirm the entry: The TNC saves the contour
program in the directory in which the DXF file is also
saved
 If you want to select more machining positions in
order to save them to a different file, press the Cancel
selected elements icon and select as described
above

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7.1 DXF data processing (software option)

Quick selection of hole positions by entering a diameter

 Select the mode for choosing a machining position.
The TNC hides the layers shown in the left window,
and the right window becomes active for position
selection
 Open the dialog for diameter input: enter any diameter
in the pop-up window displayed by the TNC
 Enter the desired diameter and confirm it with the
ENT key: the TNC searches the DXF file for the
entered diameter and then shows a pop-up window
with the diameter selected that is closest to the
diameter you entered. Also, you can retroactively
filter the holes according to size
 If required, configure the filter settings (see "Filter
settings" on page 288) and click the Use button to
confirm: The TNC loads the selected positions into
the left window (displays a point symbol)
 If necessary you can also deselect elements that you
already selected, by dragging an area open again, but
this time while pressing the CTRL key

286 Programming: Data Transfer from DXF Files or Plain-language Contours

 7.1 DXF data processing (software option)
 Save the selected machining positions to the
clipboard of the TNC so that you can then insert them
as a positioning block with cycle call in a plain-
language program, or
 To save the selected machining positions to a point
file, enter the target directory and any file name in the
pop-up window displayed by the TNC. Default
setting: Name of the DXF file. If the name of the DXF
file contains special characters or spaces, the TNC
replaces the characters with underscores.
Alternately, you can also select the file type, see also
"Select a file type" on page 283
 Confirm the entry: The TNC saves the contour
program in the directory in which the DXF file is also
saved
 If you want to select more machining positions in
order to save them to a different file, press the Cancel
selected elements icon and select as described
above

Bookmarks
You can use the bookmarks to manage your directory favorites. You
can add or delete the current directory to or from the list, or delete all
bookmarks. All directories that you have added appear in the
bookmark list, making them available for rapid selection.
You activate the bookmark function by clicking the path name in the
right part of the pop-up window of the "Save" function.
Bookmarks are managed as follows:
 The "Save" function is active: The TNC displays the Define file
name for contour program pop-up window.
 Click (with the left mouse button) in the top right part of the pop-up
window on the currently displayed path name: The TNC then
displays a pop-up menu
 With the left mouse button, click the menu item Bookmarks and
select the desired function.

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7.1 DXF data processing (software option)

Filter settings
After you have used the quick selection function to mark hole
positions, a pop-up window appears in which the smallest diameter
found is to the left and the largest diameter to the right. With the
buttons just below the diameter display you can adjust the smallest
diameter in the left area and largest in the right area so that you can
load the hole diameters that you want.
The following buttons are available:
Filter setting of smallest diameter Icon
Display the smallest diameter found (default
setting)

Display the next smaller diameter found

Display the next larger diameter found

Display the largest diameter found. The TNC sets

the filter for the smallest diameter to the value
set for the largest diameter

Filter setting of largest diameter Icon

Display the smallest diameter found. The TNC
sets the filter for the largest diameter to the value
set for the smallest diameter

Display the next smaller diameter found

Display the next larger diameter found

Display the largest diameter found (default

setting)

With the Apply path optimization option on (default setting), the TNC
sorts the selected machining positions for the most efficient possible
tool path. You can have the tool path displayed by clicking the Show
tool path icon (see "Basic settings" on page 276).

288 Programming: Data Transfer from DXF Files or Plain-language Contours

 7.1 DXF data processing (software option)
Element information
At the bottom left of the screen, the TNC displays the coordinates of
the machining position that you last selected via mouse click in the left
or right window

Undoing actions
You can undo the four most recent actions that you have taken in the
mode for selecting machining positions. The following icons are
available:

Function Icon
Undo the most recently conducted action

Repeat the most recently conducted action

Mouse functions
Use the mouse for magnifying and reducing as follows:
 Define the zoom area by dragging the mouse with the left button
depressed
 If you have a wheel mouse, you can use it to zoom in and out. The
zooming center is the location of the mouse pointer
 Click the magnifying glass icon or double-click with the right mouse
button to reset the view to the default setting
You can move the current view by depressing the center mouse
button.
If 3-D mode is active, you can rotate and tilt the view by depressing
the right mouse button.
Double-click with the right mouse button to reset the zoom factor.
Press the SHIFT key and double-click with the right mouse button to
reset the zoom factor and the angle of rotation.

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7.2 Data transfer from plain-language programs

7.2 Data transfer from plain-

language programs
Application
Using this function you can take contour sections or complete
contours from existing plain-language programs, especially those
created with CAM systems. The TNC shows the plain-language
dialogs in two-dimensional or three-dimensional form.
It is particularly efficient to use data transfer in conjunction with the
smartWizard, which provides contour editing UNITs for 2-D and 3-D
processing.

Opening plain-language files

 Select the Programming and Editing operating mode

 Call the file manager

 In order to see the soft-key menu for selecting the file

type to be displayed, press theSELECT TYPE soft key
 In order to show all plain-language files, press the
SHOW H soft key
 Select the directory in which the file is saved
 Select the desired H file
 Use the CTRL+O key combination to select the Open
with... dialog
 Select Open with Converter, confirm with the ENT
key and the TNC opens the plain-language file and
shows contour elements in graphical form

290 Programming: Data Transfer from DXF Files or Plain-language Contours

 7.2 Data transfer from plain-language programs
Defining a reference point; selecting and saving
contours
Setting the reference point and selecting the contours is identical to
data transfer from the DXF file:
 See "Specifying the reference point" on page 278
 See "Selecting and saving a contour" on page 280
In addition, a special function is available to quickly select contours:
The TNC displays contour names in the layer mode if the program
contains appropriately formatted structure items.
Double-click a layer to have the TNC automatically select the complete
contour up to the next structure item. Use the Save function to save
the selected contour directly as an NC program.

Example NC blocks
6 ... Any desired lead program
7 L Z... Pre-positioning
8 * – Inside contour Structure block that the TNC displays as a layer
9 L X+20 Y+20 RR F100 First contour point
10 L X+35 Y+35 End point of the first contour element
11 L ... Further contour elements
12 L ...
2746 L ... Last contour point
2747 * - Contour end Structure block identifying the contour end
2748 L ... Intermediate positioning movements

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7.3 Opening 3-D CAD data (software option)

7.3 Opening 3-D CAD data

(software option)
Application
A new function allows you to open standardized 3-D CAD data formats
directly on the TNC. It is irrelevant whether the file is available on the
hard disk of the iTNC or a connected drive.
The file can simply be selected via the file manager of the TNC, just
like NC programs or other files. This permits you to check quickly and
simply for problems directly in the 3-D model.
The TNC currently supports the following types of file formats:
 Step files (file extension STP)
 Iges files (file extension IGS or IGES)

292 Programming: Data Transfer from DXF Files or Plain-language Contours

 7.3 Opening 3-D CAD data (software option)
Operating the CAD viewer

Function Icon
Show shaded model

Show wire model

Show wire model without invisible edges

Adapt display size to screen size

Select standard 3-D view

Select plan view

Select view from below

Select view from left

Select view from right

Select view from front

Select view from behind

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7.3 Opening 3-D CAD data (software option)

Mouse functions
The following functions are available for mouse operation:
 In order to rotate the wire model shown in three dimensions you
hold the right mouse button down and move the mouse. After you
release the right mouse button, the TNC orients the model to the
defined orientation
 In order to shift the model shown: Hold the center mouse button or
the wheel button down and move the mouse. The TNC shifts the
model in the corresponding direction. After you release the center
mouse button, the TNC shifts the model to the defined position
 In order to zoom in on a certain area with the mouse: Draw a
rectangular zoom area while holding the left mouse button down.
You can shift the zoom area by moving the mouse horizontally and
vertically as required. After you release the left mouse button, the
TNC zooms in on the defined area of the workpiece
 In order to quickly zoom in and out with the mouse: Rotate the
wheel button forward or backward
 Double-click with the right mouse button: Select standard view

294 Programming: Data Transfer from DXF Files or Plain-language Contours

 Programming:
Subprograms and
Program Section
Repeats

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8.1 Labeling subprograms and program section repeats

8.1 Labeling subprograms and

program section repeats
Subprograms and program section repeats enable you to program a
machining sequence once and then run it as often as necessary.

Labels
The beginnings of subprograms and program section repeats are
marked in a part program by labels (LBL).
A LABEL is identified by a number between 1 and 999 or by a name
you define. Each LABEL number or LABEL name can be set only once
in the program with the LABEL SET key. The number of label names
you can enter is only limited by the internal memory.

If a label name or number is set more than once, the TNC

sends an error message at the end of the LBL block. With
very long programs, you can limit the number of blocks to
be checked for repeated labels with MP7229.

Label 0 (LBL 0) is used exclusively to mark the end of a subprogram

and can therefore be used as often as desired.

296 Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats

 8.2 Subprograms
8.2 Subprograms
Procedure
1 The TNC executes the part program up to the block in which a
subprogram is called with CALL LBL
2 The subprogram is then executed from beginning to end. The
subprogram end is marked LBL 0
3 The TNC then resumes the part program from the block after the
subprogram call CALL LBL

Programming notes
 You can call subprograms in any sequence and as often as desired
 A subprogram cannot call itself
 Write subprograms at the end of the main program (behind the block
with M2 or M30)
 If subprograms are located before the block with M2 or M30, they
will be executed at least once even if they are not called

Programming a subprogram
 To mark the beginning, press the LBL SET key
 Enter the subprogram number. If you want to use a
label name, press the LBL NAME soft key to switch
to text entry
 To mark the end, press the LBL SET key and enter the
label number "0"

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8.2 Subprograms

Calling a subprogram
 To call a subprogram, press the LBL CALL key
 Call subprogram /repeat: Enter the label number of
the subprogram you wish to call. If you want to use a
label name, press the LBL NAME soft key to switch
to text entry. If you want to enter the number of a
string parameter as target address: Press the QS soft
key; the TNC will then jump to the label name that is
specified in the string parameter defined
 Repeat REP: Ignore the dialog question with the NO
ENT key. Repeat REP is used only for program
section repeats.

CALL LBL 0 is not permitted (Label 0 is only used to mark

the end of a subprogram).

298 Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats

 8.3 Program section repeats
8.3 Program section repeats
Label LBL
The beginning of a program section repeat is marked by the label LBL.
The end of a program section repeat is identified by CALL LBL n REPn.
0 BEGIN PGM ...
Procedure 1

1 The TNC executes the part program up to the end of the program LBL1
section (CALL LBL n REPn)
2 R 2/1 R 2/2
2 Then the program section between the called LBL and the label
call CALL LBL n REPn is repeated the number of times entered for
REP CALL LBL 1 REP 2
3 The TNC then resumes the part program after the last repetition 3

Programming notes END PGM ...

 You can repeat a program section up to 65 534 times in succession

 The total number of times the program section is executed is always
one more than the programmed number of repeats

Programming a program section repeat

 To mark the beginning, press the LBL SET key and
enter a LABEL NUMBER for the program section you
wish to repeat. If you want to use a label name, press
the LBL NAME soft key to switch to text entry
 Enter the program section

Calling a program section repeat

 Press the LBL CALL key
 Call subprogram /repeat: Enter the label number of
the subprogram you wish to call. If you want to use a
label name, press the LBL NAME soft key to switch
to text entry. If you want to enter the number of a
string parameter as target address: Press the QS soft
key; the TNC will then jump to the label name that is
specified in the string parameter defined
 Repeat REP: Enter the number of repeats, then
confirm with the ENT key

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8.4 Any desired program as subprogram

8.4 Any desired program as

subprogram
Procedure

If you want to program variable program calls in

connection with string parameters, use the SEL PGM (see
"Defining a program call" on page 460)
0 BEGIN PGM A 0 BEGIN PGM B
1 The TNC executes the part program up to the block in which 1 S
another program is called with CALL PGM
2
2 Then the other program is run from beginning to end CALL PGM B
3 The TNC then resumes the first (calling) part program with the
3
block after the program call R

END PGM A END PGM B

Programming notes
 No labels are needed to call any program as a subprogram
 The called program must not contain the miscellaneous functions M2
or M30. If you have defined subprograms with labels in the called
program, you can then replace M2 or M30 with the FN 9: IF +0 EQU
+0 GOTO LBL 99 jump function in order to jump to the end of a
program In this case enter LBL 99 in the called program before the
END PGM block.
 The called program must not contain a CALL PGM call into the calling
program, otherwise an infinite loop will result.

300 Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats

 8.4 Any desired program as subprogram
Calling any program as a subprogram
 Select the functions for program call: Press the PGM
CALL key
 Press the PROGRAM soft key

 Press the WINDOW SELECTION soft key: The TNC

superimposes a window where you can select the
program to be called
 Select a program with the arrow keys or by mouse
click and confirm by pressing ENT: The TNC enters
the complete path name in the CALL PGM block
 Conclude this function with the END key
Alternatively you can also enter the program name or the complete
path name of the program to be called directly via the keyboard.

The program you are calling must be stored on the hard

disk of your TNC.
If the program you want to call is located in the same
directory as the program you are calling it from, then you
only need to enter the program name.
If the called program is not located in the same directory
as the program you are calling it from, you must enter the
complete path, e.g. TNC:\ZW35\SCHRUPP\PGM1.H or you can
select the program via the WINDOW SELECTION soft
key.
If you want to call a DIN/ISO program, enter the file type .I
after the program name.
You can also call a program with Cycle 12 PGM CALL.
As a rule, Q parameters are effective globally with a PGM
CALL. So please note that changes to Q parameters in the
called program can also influence the calling program.

Danger of collision!
Coordinate transformations that you define in the called
program remain in effect for the calling program too,
unless you reset them. The setting of machine parameter
MP7300 has no influence on this.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 301

8.5 Nesting

8.5 Nesting
Types of nesting
 Subprograms within a subprogram
 Program section repeats within a program section repeat
 Subprograms repeated
 Program section repeats within a subprogram

Nesting depth
The nesting depth is the number of successive levels in which
program sections or subprograms can call further program sections or
subprograms.
 Maximum nesting depth for subprograms: 8
 Maximum nesting depth for main program calls: 30, where a CYCL
CALL acts like a main program call
 You can nest program section repeats as often as desired

302 Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats

 8.5 Nesting
Subprogram within a subprogram
Example NC blocks
0 BEGIN PGM SUBPGMS MM
...
17 CALL LBL “SP1“ Call the subprogram marked with LBL SP1
...
35 L Z+100 R0 FMAX M2 Last program block of the
main program (with M2)
36 LBL “SP1“ Beginning of subprogram SP1
...
39 CALL LBL 2 Call the subprogram marked with LBL 2
...
45 LBL 0 End of subprogram 1
46 LBL 2 Beginning of subprogram 2
...
62 LBL 0 End of subprogram 2
63 END PGM SUBPGMS MM

Program execution
1 Main program SUBPGMS is executed up to block 17
2 Subprogram SP1 is called, and executed up to block 39
3 Subprogram 2 is called, and executed up to block 62. End of
subprogram 2 and return jump to the subprogram from which it
was called.
4 Subprogram 1 is executed from block 40 up to block 45. End of
subprogram 1 and return jump to the main program SUBPGMS.
5 Main program SUBPGMS is executed from block 18 up to block
35. Return jump to block 1 and end of program.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 303

8.5 Nesting

Repeating program section repeats

Example NC blocks
0 BEGIN PGM REPS MM
...
15 LBL 1 Beginning of program section repeat 1
...
20 LBL 2 Beginning of program section repeat 2
...
27 CALL LBL 2 REP 2 The program section between LBL 2 and this block
... (block 20) is repeated twice
35 CALL LBL 1 REP 1 The program section between this block and LBL 1
... (block 15) is repeated once
50 END PGM REPS MM

%REPS G71 *
...
N15 G98 L1 * Beginning of program section repeat 1
...
N20 G98 L2 * Beginning of program section repeat 2
...
N27 L2,2 * Program section between this block and G98 L2
... (block N20) is repeated twice
N35 L1,1 * Program section between this block and G98 L1
... (block N15) is repeated once
N99999999 %REPS G71 *

Program execution
1 Main program REPS is executed up to block 27
2 Program section between block 20 and block 27 is repeated twice
3 Main program REPS is executed from block 28 to block 35
4 Program section between block 15 and block 35 is repeated once
(including the program section repeat between 20 and block 27)
5 Main program REPS is executed from block 36 to block 50 (end of
program)

304 Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats

 8.5 Nesting
Repeating a subprogram
Example NC blocks
0 BEGIN PGM SUBPGREP MM
...
10 LBL 1 Beginning of program section repeat 1
11 CALL LBL 2 Subprogram call
12 CALL LBL 1 REP 2 The program section between LBL 1 and this block
... (block 10) is repeated twice
19 L Z+100 R0 FMAX M2 Last block of the main program with M2
20 LBL 2 Beginning of subprogram
...
28 LBL 0 End of subprogram
29 END PGM SUBPGREP MM

Program execution
1 Main program SUBPGREP is executed up to block 11
2 Subprogram 2 is called and executed
3 Program section between block 10 and block 12 is repeated twice:
Subprogram 2 is repeated twice
4 Main program SUBPGREP is executed from block 13 to block 19;
end of program

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 305

8.6 Programming examples

8.6 Programming examples

Example: Milling a contour in several infeeds

Program sequence
 Pre-position the tool to the workpiece surface
 Enter the infeed depth in incremental values Y
 Contour milling
100
 Repeat infeed and contour-milling

R1
5
75

R18
30
R15
20

X
20 50 75 100

0 BEGIN PGM PGMREP MM

1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-40
2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
3 TOOL CALL 1 Z S500 Tool call
4 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool
5 L X-20 Y+30 R0 FMAX Pre-position in the working plane
6 L Z+0 R0 FMAX M3 Pre-position to the workpiece surface

306 Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats

 8.6 Programming examples
7 LBL 1 Set label for program section repeat
8 L IZ-4 R0 FMAX Infeed depth in incremental values (in space)
9 APPR CT X+2 Y+30 CCA90 R+5 RL F250 Contour approach
10 FC DR- R18 CLSD+ CCX+20 CCY+30 Contour
11 FLT
12 FCT DR- R15 CCX+50 CCY+75
13 FLT
14 FCT DR- R15 CCX+75 CCY+20
15 FLT
16 FCT DR- R18 CLSD- CCX+20 CCY+30
17 DEP CT CCA90 R+5 F1000 Depart the contour
18 L X-20 Y+0 R0 FMAX Retract tool
19 CALL LBL 1 REP 4 Return jump to LBL 1; section is repeated a total of 4 times
20 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M2 Retract the tool, end program
21 END PGM PGMREP MM

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 307

8.6 Programming examples

Example: Groups of holes

Program sequence
 Approach the groups of holes in the main
program Y
 Call the group of holes (subprogram 1)
100
 Program the group of holes only once in
subprogram 1

2
60

5
20

1 3

20
10

X
15 45 75 100

0 BEGIN PGM SP1 MM

1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20
2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
3 TOOL CALL 1 Z S5000 Tool call
4 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool
5 CYCL DEF 200 DRILLING Cycle definition: drilling
Q200=2 ;SET-UP CLEARANCE
Q201=-10 ;DEPTH
Q206=250 ;FEED RATE FOR PLNGNG
Q202=5 ;PLUNGING DEPTH
Q210=0 ;DWELL TIME AT TOP
Q203=+0 ;SURFACE COORDINATE
Q204=10 ;2ND SET-UP CLEARANCE
Q211=0.25 ;DWELL TIME AT DEPTH

308 Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats

 8.6 Programming examples
6 L X+15 Y+10 R0 FMAX M3 Move to starting point for group 1
7 CALL LBL 1 Call the subprogram for the group
8 L X+45 Y+60 R0 FMAX Move to starting point for group 2
9 CALL LBL 1 Call the subprogram for the group
10 L X+75 Y+10 R0 FMAX Move to starting point for group 3
11 CALL LBL 1 Call the subprogram for the group
12 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M2 End of main program
13 LBL 1 Beginning of subprogram 1: Group of holes
14 CYCL CALL Hole 1
15 L IX+20 R0 FMAX M99 Move to 2nd hole, call cycle
16 L IY+20 R0 FMAX M99 Move to 3rd hole, call cycle
17 L IX-20 R0 FMAX M99 Move to 4th hole, call cycle
18 LBL 0 End of subprogram 1
19 END PGM SP1 MM

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 309

8.6 Programming examples

Example: Group of holes with several tools

Program sequence
 Program the fixed cycles in the main program
Y Y
 Call the entire hole pattern (subprogram 1)
 Approach the groups of holes in subprogram 100
1, call group of holes (subprogram 2)
 Program the group of holes only once in
subprogram 2 2
60

5
20

1 3

20
10

X Z
15 45 75 100 -15

-20

0 BEGIN PGM SP2 MM

1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20
2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
3 TOOL CALL 1 Z S5000 Call tool: center drill
4 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool
5 CYCL DEF 200 DRILLING Cycle definition: CENTERING
Q200=2 ;SET-UP CLEARANCE
Q201=-3 ;DEPTH
Q206=250 ;FEED RATE FOR PLNGNG
Q202=3 ;PLUNGING DEPTH
Q210=0 ;DWELL TIME AT TOP
Q203=+0 ;SURFACE COORDINATE
Q204=10 ;2ND SET-UP CLEARANCE
Q211=0.25 ;DWELL TIME AT DEPTH
6 CALL LBL 1 Call subprogram 1 for the entire hole pattern

310 Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats

 8.6 Programming examples
7 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M6 Tool change
8 TOOL CALL 2 Z S4000 Call tool: drill
9 FN 0: Q201 = -25 New depth for drilling
10 FN 0: Q202 = +5 New plunging depth for drilling
11 CALL LBL 1 Call subprogram 1 for the entire hole pattern
12 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M6 Tool change
13 TOOL CALL 3 Z S500 Call tool: reamer
14 CYCL DEF 201 REAMING Cycle definition: REAMING
Q200=2 ;SET-UP CLEARANCE
Q201=-15 ;DEPTH
Q206=250 ;FEED RATE FOR PLNGNG
Q211=0.5 ;DWELL TIME AT DEPTH
Q208=400 ;RETRACTION FEED RATE
Q203=+0 ;SURFACE COORDINATE
Q204=10 ;2ND SET-UP CLEARANCE
15 CALL LBL 1 Call subprogram 1 for the entire hole pattern
16 L Z+250 R0 FMAX M2 End of main program

17 LBL 1 Beginning of subprogram 1: Entire hole pattern

18 L X+15 Y+10 R0 FMAX M3 Move to starting point for group 1
19 CALL LBL 2 Call subprogram 2 for the group
20 L X+45 Y+60 R0 FMAX Move to starting point for group 2
21 CALL LBL 2 Call subprogram 2 for the group
22 L X+75 Y+10 R0 FMAX Move to starting point for group 3
23 CALL LBL 2 Call subprogram 2 for the group
24 LBL 0 End of subprogram 1

25 LBL 2 Beginning of subprogram 2: Group of holes

26 CYCL CALL 1st hole with active fixed cycle
27 L IX+20 R0 FMAX M99 Move to 2nd hole, call cycle
28 L IY+20 R0 FMAX M99 Move to 3rd hole, call cycle
29 L IX-20 R0 FMAX M99 Move to 4th hole, call cycle
30 LBL 0 End of subprogram 2
31 END PGM SP2 MM

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 311

8.6 Programming examples

312 Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats

Programming:
Q Parameters
9.1 Principle and overview

9.1 Principle and overview

You can program entire families of parts in a single part program. You
do this by entering variables called Q parameters instead of fixed
numerical values.
Q parameters can represent information such as:
Q6
 Coordinate values
 Feed rates
Q1 Q3
 Spindle speeds
 Cycle data Q4
Q2
Q parameters also enable you to program contours that are defined
with mathematical functions. You can also use Q parameters to make
the execution of machining steps depend on logical conditions. In Q5
conjunction with FK programming you can also combine contours that
do not have NC-compatible dimensions with Q parameters.
Q parameters are designated by letters and a number between 0 and
1999. Parameters that take effect in different manners are available.
Please refer to the following table:

Meaning Area
Freely applicable parameters, as long as no Q0 to Q99
overlapping with SL cycles can occur. They
are globally effective for all programs stored
in the TNC memory.

Parameters for special TNC functions Q100 to Q199

Parameters that are primarily used for cycles, Q200 to Q1199

globally effective for all programs stored in
the TNC memory

Parameters that are primarily used for OEM Q1200 to Q1399

cycles, globally effective for all programs
stored in the TNC memory. This may require
coordination with the machine manufacturer
or supplier.

Parameters that are primarily used for call- Q1400 to Q1499

active OEM cycles, globally effective for all
programs that are stored in the TNC memory

Parameters that are primarily used for Def- Q1500 to Q1599

active OEM cycles, globally effective for all
programs that are stored in the TNC memory

314 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.1 Principle and overview
Meaning Area
Freely applicable parameters, globally Q1600 to Q1999
effective for all programs stored in the TNC
memory

Freely usable QL parameters, only effective QL0 to QL499

locally (within a program)

Freely usable QR parameters that are QR0 to QR499

nonvolatile, i.e. they remain in effect even
after a power interruption

QS parameters (S stands for string) are also available on the TNC and
enable you to process texts. In principle, the same ranges are available
for QS parameters as for Q parameters (see table above).

Note that for the QS parameters the QS100 to QS199 range

is reserved for internal texts.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 315

9.1 Principle and overview

Programming notes
You can mix Q parameters and fixed numerical values within a
program.
Q parameters can be assigned numerical values between 999 999 999
and +999 999 999, meaning that up to nine digits plus the algebraic
sign are permitted. You can set the decimal point at any position.
Internally, the TNC can calculate up to a range of 57 bits before and
7 bits after the decimal point (32-bit data width corresponds to a
decimal value of 4 294 967 296).
You can assign a maximum of 254 characters to QS parameters.

Some Q and QS parameters are always assigned the

same data by the TNC. For example, Q108 is always
assigned the current tool radius (see "Preassigned Q
parameters", page 364).
If you are using the parameters Q60 to Q99 in encoded
OEM cycles, define via MP7251 whether the parameters
are only to be used locally in the OEM cycles (.CYC file), or
may be used globally.
With MP7300 you specify whether the TNC should reset
Q parameters at the end of the program, or if the values
should be saved. Make sure that this setting does not
have any effect on your Q parameter programs!
The TNC saves numerical values internally in a binary
number format (standard IEEE 754). Due to this
standardized format some decimal numbers do not have
an exact binary representation (round-off error). Keep this
in mind especially when you use calculated Q-parameter
contents for jump commands or positioning movements.

316 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.1 Principle and overview
Calling Q-parameter functions
When you are writing a part program, press the "Q" key (in the numeric
keypad for numerical input and axis selection, below the +/– key). The
TNC then displays the following soft keys:

Function group Soft key Page

Basic arithmetic (assign, add, Page 319
subtract, multiply, divide, square root)

Trigonometric functions Page 321

Function for calculating circles Page 323

If/then conditions, jumps Page 324

Other functions Page 327

Entering formulas directly Page 349

Function for machining complex Cycles

contours Manual

Function for string processing Page 353

The TNC opens the dialog for formula entry directly when
you press the Q key on the ASCII keyboard.
In order to define or assign QL local parameters, first press
the Q key in any dialog, and then press the L on the ASCII
keyboard.
In order to define or assign QR nonvolatile parameters, first
press the Q key in any dialog, and then press the R on the
ASCII keyboard.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 317

9.2 Part families—Q parameters in place of numerical values

9.2 Part families—Q parameters in

place of numerical values
Application
The Q parameter function FN 0: ASSIGN assigns numerical values to
Q parameters. This enables you to use variables in the program
instead of fixed numerical values.

Example NC blocks
15 FN O: Q10=25 Assign
... Q10 is assigned the
value 25
25 L X +Q10 Means L X +25

You need write only one program for a whole family of parts, entering
the characteristic dimensions as Q parameters.
To program a particular part, you then assign the appropriate values to
the individual Q parameters.

Example
Cylinder with Q parameters
Cylinder radius R = Q1
Cylinder height H = Q2 Q1
Cylinder Z1 Q1 = +30
Q2 = +10
Cylinder Z2 Q1 = +10
Q2 = +50 Q1

Q2 Z2

Q2
Z1

318 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.3 Describing contours through mathematical operations
9.3 Describing contours through
mathematical operations
Application
The Q parameters listed below enable you to program basic
mathematical functions in a part program:
 Select a Q parameter function: Press the Q key (in the numerical
keypad at right). The Q parameter functions are displayed in a soft-
key row
 Select the mathematical functions: Press the BASIC ARITHMETIC
soft key. The TNC then displays the following soft keys:

Overview

Function Soft key

FN 0: ASSIGN
Example: FN 0: Q5 = +60
Assign a numerical value

FN 1: ADDITION
Example: FN 1: Q1 = -Q2 + -5
Calculate and assign the sum of two values

FN 2: SUBTRACTION
Example: FN 2: Q1 = +10 - +5
Calculates and assigns the difference of two values

FN 3: MULTIPLICATION
Example: FN 3: Q2 = +3 * +3
Calculates and assigns the product of two values

FN 4: DIVISION
Example: FN 4: Q4 = +8 DIV +Q2
Calculate and assign the quotient of two values
Not permitted: You cannot divide by 0!

FN 5: SQUARE ROOT
Example: FN 5: Q20 = SQRT 4
Calculate and assign the square root of a number
Not permitted: Calculating the square root of a
negative value!

To the right of the "=" character you can enter the following:
 Two numbers
 Two Q parameters
 A number and a Q parameter
The Q parameters and numerical values in the equations can be
entered with positive or negative signs.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 319

9.3 Describing contours through mathematical operations

Programming fundamental operations

Example: Beispiel: Program blocks in the TNC

16 FN 0: Q5 = +10
Call the Q parameter functions by pressing the Q key
17 FN 3: Q12 = +Q5 * +7

Select the mathematical functions: Press the

BASIC ARITHMETIC soft key

Select the Q parameter function ASSIGN: Press the

FN0 X = Y soft key

PARAMETER NO. FOR RESULT?

5 Enter the number of the Q parameter, e.g. 5

1ST VALUE OR PARAMETER?

10 Assign the value 10 to Q5

Call the Q parameter functions by pressing the Q key

Select the mathematical functions: Press the

BASIC ARITHMETIC soft key

Select the Q parameter function MULTIPLICATION:

Press the FN3 X * Y soft key

PARAMETER NO. FOR RESULT?

12 Enter the number of the Q parameter, e.g. 12

1ST VALUE OR PARAMETER?

Q5 Enter Q5 for the first value

2ND VALUE OR PARAMETER?

7 Enter 7 for the second value

320 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.4 Trigonometric functions
9.4 Trigonometric functions
Definitions
Sine, cosine and tangent are terms designating the ratios of sides of
right triangles. In this case:
Sine: sin α = a / c
Cosine: cos α = b / c
Tangent: tan α = a / b = sin α / cos α

where c
a
 c is the side opposite the right angle
Þ
 a is the side opposite the angle α
b
 b is the third side.
The TNC can find the angle from the tangent:
α = arctan (a / b) = arctan (sin α / cos α)

Example:
a = 25 mm
b = 50 mm
α = arctan (a / b) = arctan 0.5 = 26.57°
Furthermore:
a² + b² = c² (where a² = a x a)
c = (a² + b²)

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 321

9.4 Trigonometric functions

Programming trigonometric functions

Press the TRIGONOMETRY soft key to call the trigonometric
functions. The TNC then displays the soft keys that are listed in the
table below.
Programming: Compare "Example: Programming fundamental
operations."

Function Soft key

FN 6: SINE
Example: FN 6: Q20 = SIN-Q5
Calculate the sine of an angle in degrees (°) and
assign it to a parameter.

FN 7: COSINE
Example: FN 7: Q21 = COS-Q5
Calculate the cosine of an angle in degrees (°) and
assign it to a parameter.

FN 8: ROOT SUM OF SQUARES

Example: FN 8: Q10 = +5 LEN +4
Calculates and assigns length from two values.

FN 13: ANGLE
Example: FN 13: Q20 = +25 ANG-Q1
Calculate the angle from the arc tangent of two sides
or from the sine and cosine of the angle (0 < angle <
360°) and assign it to a parameter.

322 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.5 Calculating circles
9.5 Calculating circles
Application
The TNC can use the functions for calculating circles to calculate the
circle center and the circle radius from three or four given points on the
circle. The calculation is more accurate if four points are used.
Application: These functions can be used if you wish to determine the
location and size of a hole or a pitch circle using the programmable
probing function.

Function Soft key

FN 23: Determining the CIRCLE DATA from three
points
Example: FN 23: Q20 = CDATA Q30

The coordinate pairs of three points on a circle must be saved in Q30

and the following five parameters—in this case, up to Q35.
The TNC then saves the circle center in the reference axis (X if spindle
axis is Z) in parameter Q20, the circle center in the minor axis (Y if
spindle axis is Z) in parameter Q21, and the circle radius in parameter
Q22.

Function Soft key

FN 24: Determining the CIRCLE DATA from four
points
Example: FN 24: Q20 = CDATA Q30

The coordinate pairs of four points on a circle must be saved in Q30

and the following seven parameters—in this case, up to Q37.
The TNC then saves the circle center in the reference axis (X if spindle
axis is Z) in parameter Q20, the circle center in the minor axis (Y if
spindle axis is Z) in parameter Q21, and the circle radius in parameter
Q22.

Note that FN 23 and FN 24 automatically overwrite the

resulting parameter and the two following parameters.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 323

9.6 If-then decisions with Q parameters

9.6 If-then decisions with

Q parameters
Application
The TNC can make logical if-then decisions by comparing a Q
parameter with another Q parameter or with a numerical value. If the
condition is fulfilled, the TNC continues the program at the label that
is programmed after the condition (for information on labels, see
"Labeling subprograms and program section repeats", page 296). If it
is not fulfilled, the TNC continues with the next block.
To call another program as a subprogram, enter a PGM CALL program
call after the block with the target label.

Unconditional jumps
An unconditional jump is programmed by entering a conditional jump
whose condition is always true. Example:
FN 9: IF+10 EQU+10 GOTO LBL1

324 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.6 If-then decisions with Q parameters
Programming if-then decisions

There are three possibilities for entering the jump address:

 Label number, selectable via LBL NUMBER soft key
 Label name, selectable via LBL NAME soft key
 String parameter, selectable via QS soft key

Press the JUMP soft key to call the if-then conditions. The TNC then
displays the following soft keys:
Function Soft key
FN 9: IF EQUAL, JUMP
Example: FN 9: IF +Q1 EQU +Q3 GOTO LBL “SPCAN25“
If the two values or parameters are equal, jump to the
given label

FN 10: IF UNEQUAL, JUMP

Example: FN 10: IF +10 NE –Q5 GOTO LBL 10
If the two values or parameters are not equal, jump to
the given label.

FN 11: IF GREATER, JUMP

Example: FN 11: IF+Q1 GT+10 GOTO LBL QS5
If the first value or parameter is greater than the
second, jump to the given label.

FN 12: IF LESS, JUMP

Example: FN 12: IF+Q5 LT+0 GOTO LBL “ANYNAME“
If the first value or parameter is less than the second,
jump to the given label.

Abbreviations used:
IF : If
EQU : Equal to
NE : Not equal
GT : Greater than
LT : Less than
GOTO : Go to

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 325

9.7 Checking and changing Q parameters

9.7 Checking and changing

Q parameters
Procedure
You can check and edit Q parameters when writing, testing and
running programs in the Programming and Editing, Test Run, Program
Run Full Sequence, and Program Run Single Block modes.
 If you are in a program run, interrupt it if required (for example, by
pressing the machine STOP button and the INTERNAL STOP soft
key). If you are in a test run, interrupt it
 To call Q parameter functions: Press the Q key or the
Q INFO soft key in the Programming and Editing
mode of operation
 The TNC lists all parameters and their current values.
With the arrow keys or the soft keys, go pagewise to
the desired parameters
 If you would like to change the value, enter a new
value and confirm with the ENT KEY
 To leave the value unchanged, press the PRESENT
VALUE soft key or end the dialog with the END KEY

The parameters used by the TNC internally or in cycles are

provided with comments.
If you want to check or edit local, global or string
parameters, press the SHOW PARAMETERS Q QL QR QS
soft key. The TNC then displays all respective parameters
and the above described also apply.

326 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.8 Additional functions
9.8 Additional functions
Overview
Press the DIVERSE FUNCTION soft key to call the additional
functions. The TNC then displays the following soft keys:

Function Soft key Page

FN 14:ERROR Page 328
Output error messages

FN 15:PRINT Page 332

Unformatted output of texts or Q
parameter values

FN 16:F-PRINT Page 333

Formatted output of texts or Q parameter
values

FN 18: SYS-DATUM READ Page 338

Read system data

FN 19:PLC Page 346

Send values to the PLC

FN 20:WAIT FOR Page 347

NC and PLC synchronization

FN 26:TABOPEN Page 478

Opening a freely definable table

FN 27:TABWRITE Page 479

Write to a freely definable table

FN 28:TABREAD Page 480

Read from a freely definable table

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 327

9.8 Additional functions

FN 14: ERROR: Displaying error messages

With the function FN 14: ERROR you can call messages under program
control. The messages are predefined by the machine tool builder or
by HEIDENHAIN. Whenever the TNC comes to a block with FN 14 in
the Program Run or Test Run mode, it interrupts the program run and
displays a message. The program must then be restarted. The error
numbers are listed in the table below.

Range of error numbers Standard dialog text

0 ... 299 FN 14: Error code 0 .... 299

300 ... 999 Machine-dependent dialog

1000 ... 1099 Internal error messages (see table

at right)

Example NC block
The TNC is to display the text stored under error number 254:

180 FN 14: ERROR = 254

Error message predefined by HEIDENHAIN

Error number Text

1000 Spindle?

1001 Tool axis is missing

1002 Tool radius too small

1003 Tool radius too large

1004 Range exceeded

1005 Start position incorrect

1006 ROTATION not permitted

1007 SCALING FACTOR not permitted

1008 MIRRORING not permitted

1009 Datum shift not permitted

1010 Feed rate is missing

1011 Input value is incorrect

1012 Incorrect sign

1013 Entered angle not permitted

1014 Touch point inaccessible

1015 Too many points

328 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.8 Additional functions
Error number Text
1016 Contradictory input

1017 CYCL incomplete

1018 Plane wrongly defined

1019 Wrong axis programmed

1020 Wrong rpm

1021 Radius comp. undefined

1022 Rounding-off undefined

1023 Rounding radius too large

1024 Program start undefined

1025 Excessive nesting

1026 Angle reference missing

1027 No fixed cycle defined

1028 Slot width too small

1029 Pocket too small

1030 Q202 not defined

1031 Q205 not defined

1032 Q218 must be greater than Q219

1033 CYCL 210 not permitted

1034 CYCL 211 not permitted

1035 Q220 too large

1036 Q222 must be greater than Q223

1037 Q244 must be greater than 0

1038 Q245 must not equal Q246

1039 Angle range must be under 360°

1040 Q223 must be greater than Q222

1041 Q214: 0 not permitted

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9.8 Additional functions

Error number Text

1042 Traverse direction not defined

1043 No datum table active

1044 Position error: center in axis 1

1045 Position error: center in axis 2

1046 Hole diameter too small

1047 Hole diameter too large

1048 Stud diameter too small

1049 Stud diameter too large

1050 Pocket too small: rework axis 1

1051 Pocket too small: rework axis 2

1052 Pocket too large: scrap axis 1

1053 Pocket too large: scrap axis 2

1054 Stud too small: scrap axis 1

1055 Stud too small: scrap axis 2

1056 Stud too large: rework axis 1

1057 Stud too large: rework axis 2.A.

1058 TCHPROBE 425: length exceeds max

1059 TCHPROBE 425: length below min

1060 TCHPROBE 426: length exceeds max

1061 TCHPROBE 426: length below min

1062 TCHPROBE 430: diameter too large

1063 TCHPROBE 430: diameter too small

1064 No measuring axis defined

1065 Tool breakage tolerance exceeded

1066 Enter Q247 unequal to 0

1067 Enter Q247 greater than 5

1068 Datum table?

1069 Enter Q351 unequal to 0

1070 Thread depth too large

330 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.8 Additional functions
Error number Text
1071 Missing calibration data

1072 Tolerance exceeded

1073 Block scan active

1074 ORIENTATION not permitted

1075 3-D ROT not permitted

1076 Activate 3-D ROT

1077 Enter depth as negative

1078 Q303 in meas. cycle undefined!

1079 Tool axis not allowed

1080 Calculated values incorrect

1081 Contradictory meas. points

1082 Incorrect clearance height

1083 Contradictory plunge type

1084 This fixed cycle not allowed

1085 Line is write-protected

1086 Oversize greater than depth

1087 No point angle defined

1088 Contradictory data

1089 Slot position 0 not allowed

1090 Enter an infeed not equal to 0

1091 Switchover of Q399 not allowed

1092 Tool not defined

1093 Tool number not permitted

1094 Tool name not permitted

1095 Software option not active

1096 Kinematics cannot be restored

1097 Function not permitted

1098 Contradictory workpc. blank dim.

1099 Measuring position not allowed

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9.8 Additional functions

Error number Text

1100 Kinematic access not possible

1101 Meas. pos. not in traverse range

1102 Preset compensation not possible

FN 15: PRINT: Output of texts or Q parameter

values

Setting the data interface: In the menu option PRINT or

PRINT-TEST, you must enter the path for storing the texts
or Q parameters. See "Assignment" on page 668.

The function FN 15: PRINT transfers Q parameter values and error

messages through the data interface, for example to a printer. When
you save the data in the TNC memory or transfer them to a PC, the
TNC stores the data in the file %FN 15RUN.A (output in program run
mode) or in the file %FN15SIM.A (output in test run mode).
The data are transmitted from a buffer. Data output begins at the latest
by program end or when you stop the program. In the Single Block
mode of operation, data transfer begins at block end.

To output dialog texts and error messages with FN 15: PRINT

"numerical value"
Numerical values from 0 to 99: Dialog texts for OEM cycles
Numerical values 100 and above: PLC error messages
Example: Output of dialog text 20
67 FN 15: PRINT 20

Outputting dialog texts and Q parameters with FN 15: PRINT "Q

parameter"
Application example: Recording workpiece measurement.
You can transfer up to six Q parameters and numerical values
simultaneously. The TNC separates them with slashes.

Example: Output of dialog text 1 and numerical value for Q1

70 FN 15: PRINT1/Q1

332 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.8 Additional functions
FN 16: F-PRINT: Formatted output of text and Q
parameter values

Setting the data interface: In the menu option PRINT or

PRINT-TEST, you must enter the path for storing the text
file. See "Assignment" on page 668.
With FN 16 you can also output to the screen any
messages from the NC program. Such messages are
displayed by the TNC in a pop-up window.

The function FN 16: F-PRINT transfers Q parameter values and texts

in a selectable format through the data interface, for example to a
printer. If you save the values internally or send them to a computer,
the TNC saves the data in the file that you defined in the FN 16 block.
To output the formatted texts and Q-parameter values, create a text
file with the TNC’s text editor. In this file you then define the output
format and Q parameters you want to output.
Example of a text file to define the output format:
"MEASURING LOG OF IMPELLER CENTER OF GRAVITY";
"DATE: %2d-%2d-%4d",DAY,MONTH,YEAR4;
"TIME: %2d:%2d:%2d",HOUR,MIN,SEC;
"NO. OF MEASURED VALUES: = 1";
“X1 = %9.3LF“, Q31;
“Y1 = %9.3LF“, Q32;
"Z1 = %9.3LF", Q33;
When you create a text file, use the following formatting functions:

Special
Function
characters
"..........." Define output format for texts and variables
between the quotation marks

%9.3LF Define format for Q parameter:

9 total characters (incl. decimal point), of which
3 are after the decimal, Long, Floating (decimal
number)

%S Format for text variable

, Separation character between output format

and parameter

; End of block character

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9.8 Additional functions

The following functions allow you to include the following additional

information in the protocol log file:

Keyword Function
CALL_PATH Indicates the path for the NC program where
you will find the FN16 function. Example:
"Measuring program: %S",CALL_PATH;

M_CLOSE Closes the file to which you are writing with

FN16. Example: M_CLOSE;

ALL_DISPLAY Outputs Q parameter values regardless of

MM/INCH setting of the MOD function

MM_DISPLAY Outputs Q parameter values in millimeters,

if MM display is set in the MOD function

INCH_DISPLAY Converts Q parameter values to inches if

INCH display is set in the MOD function

L_CHINESE Outputs text only for Chinese (simplified)

conversational language

L_CHINESE_TRAD Outputs text only for Chinese (traditional)

conversational language

L_CZECH Outputs text only for Czech conversational

language

L_DANISH Outputs text only for Danish conversational

language

L_DUTCH Outputs text only for Dutch conversational

language

L_ENGLISH Outputs text only for English conversational

language

L_ESTONIA Outputs text only for Estonian

conversational language

L_FINNISH Outputs text only for Finnish conversational

language

L_FRENCH Outputs text only for French conversational

language

L_GERMAN Outputs text only for German conversational

language

L_HUNGARIA Outputs text only for Hungarian

conversational language

L_ITALIAN Outputs text only for Italian conversational

language

L_KOREAN Outputs text only for Korean conversational

language

334 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.8 Additional functions
Keyword Function
L_LATVIAN Outputs text only for Latvian conversational
language

L_LITHUANIAN Outputs text only for Lithuanian

conversational language

L_NORWEGIAN Outputs text only for Norwegian

conversational language

L_POLISH Outputs text only for Polish conversational

language

L_ROMANIAN Outputs text only for Romanian

conversational language

L_PORTUGUE Outputs text only for Portuguese

conversational language

L_RUSSIAN Outputs text only for Russian conversational

language

L_SLOVAK Outputs text only for Slovak conversational

language

L_SLOVENIAN Outputs text only for Slovenian

conversational language

L_SPANISH Outputs text only for Spanish conversational

language

L_SWEDISH Outputs text only for Swedish

conversational language

L_TURKISH Outputs text only for Turkish conversational

language

L_ALL Outputs text independently of the

conversational language

HOUR Number of hours from the real-time clock

MIN Number of minutes from the real-time clock

SEC Number of seconds from the real-time clock

DAY Day from the real-time clock

MONTH Month as a number from the real-time clock

STR_MONTH Month as a string abbreviation from the real-

time clock

YEAR2 Two-digit year from the real-time clock

YEAR4 Four-digit year from the real-time clock

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9.8 Additional functions

In the part program, program FN 16: F-PRINT to activate the

output:
96 FN 16: F-PRINT TNC:\MASK\MASK1.A/RS232:\PROT1.A

The TNC then outputs the file PROT1.A through the serial interface:
MEASURING LOG OF IMPELLER CENTER OF GRAVITY
DATE: 11/27/2001
TIME: 8:56:34
NO. OF MEASURED VALUES : = 1
X1 = 149.360
Y1 = 25.509
Z1 = 37.000

The output file is not stored until the TNC reads the END
PGM block, or you press the NC stop button, or you close
the file with M_CLOSE.
In the FN 16 block, program the format file and the log file
with their respective extensions.
If you enter only the file name for the path of the log file,
the TNC saves the log file in the directory in which the NC
program with the FN 16 function is located.
You can output up to 32 Q parameters per line in the
format description file.
If you create the text file with the definition of the output
format using a text editor on a PC, then please note that
the TNC can only interpret files in ASCII format or UTF-8
format with BOM (byte order mark).

336 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.8 Additional functions
Displaying messages on the TNC screen
You can also use the function FN 16 to display any messages from the
NC program in a pop-up window on the TNC screen. This makes it
easy to display explanatory texts, including long texts, at any point in
the program in a way that the user has to react to them. You can also
display Q parameter contents if the protocol description file contains
such instructions.
For the message to appear on the TNC screen, you need only enter
SCREEN: as the name of the protocol file.

96 FN 16: F-PRINT TNC:\MASK\MASK1.A/SCREEN:

If the message has more lines than fit in the pop-up window, you can
use the arrow keys to page in the window.
To close the pop-up window, press the CE key. To have the program
close the window, program the following NC block:

96 FN 16: F-PRINT TNC:\MASK\MASK1.A/SCLR:

All the previously described conventions apply to the

protocol description file.
If you output to the screen more than one text in the
program, the TNC appends all texts to the end of the text
already displayed. To display each text individually on the
screen, program the function M_CLOSEat the end of the
protocol description file.

Exporting messages
You can also use the FN 16 function in the NC program in order to
externally save the files generated with FN 16. Two possibilities are
available for this:
Enter the complete target path in the FN 16 function:

96 FN 16: F-PRINT TNC:\MASK\MASK1.A /

PC325:\LOG\PRO1.TXT

Specify the target path in the MOD function under Print or Print-
Test if you always want to save to the same directory on the server
(see also "Assignment" on page 668):

96 FN 16: F-PRINT TNC:\MASK\MASK1.A / PRO1.TXT

All the previously described conventions apply to the

protocol description file.
If you output the same file more than once in the program,
the TNC appends all texts to the end of the texts already
output within the target file.

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9.8 Additional functions

FN 18: SYS-DATUM READ: Read system data

With the function FN 18: SYS-DATUM READ you can read system data
and store it in Q parameters. You select the system data through a
group name (ID number), and additionally through a number and an
index.

Group name, ID no. Number Index Meaning

Program information, 10 1 - mm/inch condition

2 - Overlap factor for pocket milling

3 - Number of the active fixed cycle

4 - Number of the active machining cycle (for cycles

with numbers greater than 200)

Machine status, 20 1 - Active tool number

2 - Prepared tool number

3 - Active tool axis

0=X, 1=Y, 2=Z, 6=U, 7=V, 8=W

4 - Programmed spindle speed

5 - Active spindle status: –1=undefined, 0=M3 active,

1=M4 active, 2=M5 after M3, 3=M5 after M4

8 - Coolant status: 0=off, 1=on

9 - Active feed rate

10 - Index of prepared tool

11 - Index of active tool

15 - Number of logical axis

0=X, 1=Y, 2=Z, 3=A, 4=B, 5=C, 6=U, 7=V, 8=W

17 - Number of the current traverse range (0, 1, 2)

Cycle parameter, 30 1 - Set-up clearance of active fixed cycle

2 - Drilling depth / milling depth of active fixed cycle

3 - Plunging depth of active fixed cycle

4 - Feed rate for pecking in active fixed cycle

5 - 1st side length for rectangular pocket cycle

6 - 2nd side length for rectangular pocket cycle

7 - 1st side length for slot cycle

8 - 2nd side length for slot cycle

9 - Radius for circular pocket cycle

338 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.8 Additional functions
Group name, ID no. Number Index Meaning
10 - Feed rate for milling in active fixed cycle

11 - Direction of rotation for active fixed cycle

12 - Dwell time for active fixed cycle

13 - Thread pitch for Cycles 17, 18

14 - Finishing allowance for active fixed cycle

15 - Direction angle for rough out in active fixed cycle

Data from the tool table, 50 1 Tool no. Tool length

2 Tool no. Tool radius

3 Tool no. Tool radius R2

4 Tool no. Oversize for tool length DL

5 Tool no. Tool radius oversize DR

6 Tool no. Tool radius oversize DR2

7 Tool no. Tool locked (0 or 1)

8 Tool no. Number of the replacement tool

9 Tool no. Maximum tool age TIME1

10 Tool no. Maximum tool age TIME2

11 Tool no. Current tool age CUR. TIME

12 Tool no. PLC status

13 Tool no. Maximum tooth length LCUTS

14 Tool no. Maximum plunge angle ANGLE

15 Tool no. TT: Number of tool teeth CUT

16 Tool no. TT: Wear tolerance for length LTOL

17 Tool no. TT: Wear tolerance for radius RTOL

18 Tool no. TT: Rotational direction DIRECT

(0=positive/-1=negative)

19 Tool no. TT: Offset in plane R-OFFS

20 Tool no. TT: Offset in length L-OFFS

21 Tool no. TT: Break tolerance for length LBREAK

22 Tool no. TT: Break tolerance for radius RBREAK

23 Tool no. PLC value

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9.8 Additional functions

Group name, ID no. Number Index Meaning

24 Tool no. TS: Center misalignment in reference axis

25 Tool no. TS: Center misalignment in minor axis

26 Tool no. TS: Spindle angle for calibration

27 Tool no. Tool type for the pocket table

28 Tool no. Maximum speed

No index: Data of the currently active tool

Pocket table data, 51 1 Pocket number Tool number

2 Pocket number Special tool: 0=No, 1=Yes

3 Pocket number Fixed pocket: 0=No, 1=Yes

4 Pocket number Locked pocket: 0=No, 1=Yes

5 Pocket number PLC status

6 Pocket number Tool type

7 to 11 Pocket number Value from column P1 to P5

12 Pocket number Pocket reserved: 0=No, 1=Yes

13 Pocket number Box magazine: Pocket above locked (0=No,

1=Yes)

14 Pocket number Box magazine: Pocket below locked (0=No,

1=Yes)

15 Pocket number Box magazine: Pocket to the left locked (0=No,

1=Yes)

16 Pocket number Box magazine: Pocket to the right locked (0=No,

1=Yes)

Tool pocket, 52 1 Tool no. Pocket number P

2 Tool no. Tool magazine number

File information, 56 1 - Number of lines in the tool table TOOL.T

2 - Number of lines in the active datum table

3 Q parameter number, Number of active axes that are programmed in the

as of which the status active datum table
of the axes is stored.
+1: Axis active,
-1: Axis inactive

340 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.8 Additional functions
Group name, ID no. Number Index Meaning
Position programmed 1 - Position valid / invalid (0/0)
immediately after TOOL CALL, 70

2 1 in X axis

2 2 Y axis

2 3 Z axis

3 - Programmed feed rate (–1: no feed rate

programmed)

Active tool compensation, 200 1 - Tool radius (including delta values)

2 - Tool length (including delta values)

Active transformations, 210 1 - Basic rotation in MANUAL OPERATION mode

2 - Programmed rotation with Cycle 10

3 - Active mirrored axis

0: Mirroring not active

+1: X axis mirrored

+2: Y axis mirrored

+4: Z axis mirrored

+64: U axis mirrored

+128: V axis mirrored

+256: W axis mirrored

Combinations = Sum of individual axes

4 1 Active scaling factor in X axis

4 2 Active scaling factor in Y axis

4 3 Active scaling factor in Z axis

4 7 Active scaling factor in U axis

4 8 Active scaling factor in V axis

4 9 Active scaling factor in W axis

5 1 3-D ROT A axis

5 2 3-D ROT B axis

5 3 3-D ROT C axis

6 - Tilted working plane active / inactive (value not

equal to 0/0) in a Program Run operating mode

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9.8 Additional functions

Group name, ID no. Number Index Meaning

7 - Tilted working plane active / inactive (value not
equal to 0/0) in a Manual operating mode

Path tolerance, 214 8 - Tolerance programmed with Cycle 32 or MP 1096

Active datum shift, 220 2 1 in X axis

2 Y axis

3 Z axis

4 A axis

5 B axis

6 C axis

7 U axis

8 5th axis

9 W axis

Traverse range, 230 2 1 to 9 Negative software limit switch in axes 1 to 9

3 1 to 9 Positive software limit switch in axes 1 to 9

Nominal position in the REF 1 1 in X axis

system, 240

2 Y axis

3 Z axis

4 A axis

5 B axis

6 C axis

7 U axis

8 5th axis

9 W axis

Current position in the active 1 1 in X axis

coordinate system, 270

2 Y axis

3 Z axis

4 A axis

5 B axis

6 C axis

342 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.8 Additional functions
Group name, ID no. Number Index Meaning
7 U axis

8 5th axis

9 W axis

Status of M128, 280 1 - 0: M128 inactive, value not equal to 0: M128

active

2 - Feed rate that was programmed with M128

Status of M116, 310 116 - 0: M116 inactive, value not equal to 0: M116
active

128 - 0: M128 inactive, value not equal to 0: M128

active

144 - 0: M144 inactive, value not equal to 0: M144

active

Current system time of the TNC, 1 0 System time in seconds that have elapsed since
320 00:00 of January 1, 1970

Status of global program 0 0 0: No global program setting active,

settings GS, 331 1: A global program setting active

1 0 1: Basic rotation active, otherwise 0

2 0 1: Swapping axes active, otherwise 0

3 0 1: Mirroring axes active, otherwise 0

4 0 1: Shifting active, otherwise 0

5 0 1: Rotation active, otherwise 0

6 0 1: Feed rate factor active, otherwise 0

7 0 1: Disabling axes active, otherwise 0

8 0 1: Handwheel superimposition active, otherwise 0

9 0 1: Handwheel superimposition active in virtual

axis, otherwise 0

11 0 1: Limit plane active, otherwise 0

15 0 0: Machine coordinate system active

1: Workpiece coordinate system active
2: Tilted input coordinate system active

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9.8 Additional functions

Group name, ID no. Number Index Meaning

Values from global program 1 0 Value of basic rotation
settings GS, 332

2 1 to 9 (X to W) Provides the index of the axis on which the

queried axis was swapped: 1=X, 2=Y, 3=Z, 4=Y,
5=B, 6=C, 7=U, 8=V, 9=W

3 1 to 9 (X to W) Provides 1 if the queried axis is mirrored

4 1 to 9 (X to W) Supplies the shift value of the queried axis

5 0 Provides the active rotation angle

6 0 Provides the active value of the feed-rate override

7 1 to 9 (X to W) Provides 1 if the queried axis is disabled

8 1 to 10 (X to VT) Provides the max. value of the handwheel

superimposition in the queried axis

9 1 to 10 (X to VT) Provides the actual value of the handwheel

superimposition in the queried axis

11 1 to 7 Provides the values X Min, X Max, Y Min, Y Max, Z

Min, Z Max, Safety clearance

12 1 to 7 Returns the value 0 if the respective value is set to

inactive, otherwise 1. Index identical to FN18
ID332 NR11

13 0 Returns the selected coordinate system

0=Machine coordinate system,
1=Workpiece coordinate system,
2=Input coordinate system

14 0 "Machining at limit height" mode: 0=No

machining, 1=Machine at limit

TS triggering touch probe, 350 10 - Touch probe axis

11 - Effective ball radius

12 - Effective length

13 - Radius setting ring

14 1 Center offset (reference axis)

2 Center offset (minor axis)

15 - Direction of center misalignment compared with

0° position. The value refers to 4096 increments
per 360°. The value 1 therefore equals
0.087890625°

344 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.8 Additional functions
Group name, ID no. Number Index Meaning
TT tool touch probe 20 1 Center of X axis (REF system)

2 Center of Y axis (REF system)

3 Center of Z axis (REF system)

21 - Probe contact radius

Last touch point in TCH PROBE 1 1 to 9 Position in the active coordinate system in axes
Cycle 0 or last touch point from 1 to 9
manual operating mode, 360

2 1 to 9 Position in the REF system in axes 1 to 9

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9.8 Additional functions

Group name, ID no. Number Index Meaning

Value from the active datum Datum 1 to 9 X axis to W axis
table in the active coordinate number

REF value from the active datum Datum 1 to 9 X axis to W axis

table, 501 number

Read value from the preset Preset 1 to 9 X axis to W axis

table, considering the machine number
kinematics, 502

Read value directly from the Preset 1 to 9 X axis to W axis

preset table, 503 number

Read basic rotation from the Preset - Basic rotation from the ROT column
preset table, 504 number

Datum table selected, 505 1 - Return code = 0: No datum table active

Return code not equal to 0: Datum table active

Data from the active pallet table, 1 - Active line

510

2 - Pallet number from PAL/PGM field

3 - Current line of the pallet table

4 - Last line of the NC program of the current pallet

Existence of machine MP MP index Return value = 0: MP does not exist

parameter, 1010 number Return code not equal to 0: MP exists

Example: Assign the value of the active scaling factor for the Z
axis to Q25
55 FN 18: SYSREAD Q25 = ID210 NR4 IDX3

FN 19: PLC: Transfer values to the PLC

The FN 19: PLC function transfers up to two numerical values or Q
parameters to the PLC.
Increments and units: 0.1 µm or 0.0001°

Example: Transfer the numerical value 10 (which means 1 µm or

0.001°) to the PLC
56 FN 19: PLC=+10/+Q3

346 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.8 Additional functions
FN 20: WAIT FOR: NC and PLC synchronization

This function may only be used with the permission of

your machine tool builder.

With the FN 20: WAIT FOR function you can synchronize the NC and
PLC during a program run. The NC stops machining until the condition
that you have programmed in the FN 20 block is fulfilled. The TNC can
check the following PLC operands:

PLC Short
Address range
operand designation
Markers M 0 to 4999

Entrance I 0 to 31, 128 to 152

64 to 126 (first PL 401 B)
192 to 254 (second PL 401 B)

Output O 0 to 30
32 to 62 (first PL 401 B)
64 to 94 (second PL 401 B)

Counter C 48 to 79

Timers T 0 to 95

Byte B 0 to 4095

Word W 0 to 2047

Double D 2048 to 4095

word

In an FN20 block you can define a condition with a

maximum length of 128 characters.

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9.8 Additional functions

The following conditions are permitted in the FN 20 block:

condition Short designation

Equal to ==

Less than <

Greater than >

Less than or equal <=

Greater than or equal >=

In addition, the FN20: WAIT FOR SYNC function is available. WAIT FOR
SYNC is used whenever you read, for example, system data via FN18
that require synchronization with real time. The TNC stops the look-
ahead calculation and executes the subsequent NC block only when
the NC program has actually reached that block.

Example: Stop program run until the PLC sets marker 4095 to 1
32 FN 20: WAIT FOR M4095==1

Example: Pause internal look-ahead calculation, read current

position in the X axis
32 FN 20: WAIT FOR SYNC
33 FN 18: SYSREAD Q1 = ID270 NR1 IDX1

348 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.9 Entering formulas directly
9.9 Entering formulas directly
Entering formulas
You can enter mathematical formulas that include several operations
directly into the part program by soft key.
Press the FORMEL soft key to call the mathematical functions. The
TNC displays the following soft keys in several soft-key rows:

Mathematical function Soft key

Addition
Example: Q10 = Q1 + Q5

Subtraction
Example: Q25 = Q7 – Q108

Multiplication
Example: Q12 = 5 * Q5

Division
Example: Q25 = Q1 / Q2

Opening parenthesis
Example: Q12 = Q1 * (Q2 + Q3)

Closing parenthesis
Example: Q12 = Q1 * (Q2 + Q3)

Square of a value
Example: Q15 = SQ 5

Square root
Example: Q22 = SQRT 25

Sine of an angle
Example: Q44 = SIN 45

Cosine of an angle
Example: Q45 = COS 45

Tangent of an angle
Example: Q46 = TAN 45

Arc sine
Inverse of the sine. Determines the angle from the
ratio of the side opposite the angle and the
hypotenuse
Example: Q10 = ASIN 0.75

Arc cosine
Inverse of the cosine. Determines the angle from the
ratio of the side adjacent to the angle and the
hypotenuse
Example: Q11 = ACOS Q40

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9.9 Entering formulas directly

Mathematical function Soft key

Arc tangent
Inverse of the tangent. Determines the angle from the
ratio of the opposite side to the adjacent side
Example: Q12 = ATAN Q50

Powers of values
Example: Q15 = 3^3

Constant "pi" (3.14159)

Example: Q15 = PI

Natural logarithm (LN) of a number

Base 2.7183
Example: Q15 = LN Q11

Logarithm of a number, base 10

Example: Q33 = LOG Q22

Exponential function, 2.7183 to the power of n

Example: Q1 = EXP Q12

Negate (multiplication by –1)

Example: Q2 = NEG Q1

Truncate decimal places

Form an integer
Example: Q3 = INT Q42

Absolute value of a number

Example: Q4 = ABS Q22

Truncate places before the decimal point

Form a fraction
Example: Q5 = FRAC Q23

Check algebraic sign of a number

Example: Q12 = SGN Q50
If result for Q12 = 1, then Q50 >= 0
If result for Q12 = –1, then Q50 < 0

Calculate modulo value (division remainder)

Example: Q12 = 400 % 360
Result: Q12 = 40

350 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.9 Entering formulas directly
Rules for formulas
Mathematical formulas are programmed according to the following
rules:

Higher-level operations are performed first

12 Q1 = 5 * 3 + 2 * 10 = 35

1st calculation 5 * 3 = 15
2ndcalculation 2 * 10 = 20
3rdcalculation 15 + 20 = 35

or
13 Q2 = SQ 10 - 3^3 = 73

1st calculation: 10 squared = 100

2ndcalculation: 3 to the power of 3 = 27
3rdcalculation: 100 – 27 = 73

Distributive law
Law for calculating with parentheses
a * (b + c) = a * b + a * c

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9.9 Entering formulas directly

Programming example
Calculate an angle with the arc tangent from the opposite side (Q12)
and adjacent side (Q13); then store in Q25.

To select the formula entering function, press the Q

key and the FORMULA soft key, or use the shortcut:

Press the Q key on the ASCII keyboard

PARAMETER NO. FOR RESULT?

Enter the parameter number

25

Shift the soft-key row and select the arc tangent

function

Shift the soft-key row and open the parentheses

Enter Q parameter number 12

12

Select division

Enter Q parameter number 13

13

Close parentheses and conclude formula entry

Example NC block
37 Q25 = ATAN (Q12/Q13)

352 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.10 String parameters
9.10 String parameters
String processing functions
You can use the QS parameters to create variable character strings.
You can output such character strings for example through the
FN 16:F-PRINT function to create variable logs.
You can assign a linear sequence of characters (letters, numbers,
special characters and spaces) up to a length of 256 characters to a
string parameter. You can also check and process the assigned or
imported values by using the functions described below. As in Q-
parameter programming, you can use a total of 2000 QS parameters
(see also "Principle and overview" on page 314).
The STRING FORMULA and FORMULA Q-parameter functions
contain various functions for processing the string parameters.

STRING FORMULA FUNCTIONS Soft key Page

Assigning string parameters Page 354

Chain-link string parameters Page 355

Convert a numerical value to a string Page 356

parameter

Copy a substring from a string Page 357

parameter

Copy system data to a string parameter Page 358

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9.10 String parameters

FORMULA string functions Soft key Page

Converting a string parameter to a Page 360
numerical value

Check a string parameter Page 361

Find the length of a string parameter Page 362

Compare alphabetic priority Page 363

When you use a STRING FORMULA, the result of the

arithmetic operation is always a string. When you use the
FORMULA function, the result of the arithmetic operation
is always a numeric value.

Assigning string parameters

You have to assign a string variable before you use it. Use the DECLARE
STRINGcommand to do so.
 Show the soft-key row with special functions

 Select the menu for defining various plain-language

functions
 Select string functions

 Select the DECLARE STRING function

Example NC block:
37 DECLARE STRING QS10 = "WORKPIECE"

354 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.10 String parameters
Chain-linking string parameters
With the concatenation operator (string parameter || string
parameter) you can make a chain of two or more string parameters.
 Show the soft-key row with special functions

 Select the menu for defining various plain-language

functions
 Select string functions

 Select the STRING FORMULA function

 Enter the number of the string parameter in which the
TNC is to save the concatenated string. Confirm with
the ENT key
 Enter the number of the string parameter in which the
first substring is saved. Confirm with the ENT key:
The TNC displays the concatenation symbol ||
 Confirm your entry with the ENT key
 Enter the number of the string parameter in which the
second substring is saved. Confirm with the ENT key
 Repeat the process until you have selected all the
required substrings. Conclude with the END key

Example: QS10 is to include the complete text of QS12, QS13 and

QS14
37 QS10 = QS12 || QS13 || QS14

Parameter contents:
 QS12: Workpiece
 QS13: Status:
 QS14: Scrap
 QS10: Workpiece Status: Scrap

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9.10 String parameters

Converting a numerical value to a string

parameter
With the TOCHAR function, the TNC converts a numerical value to a
string parameter. This enables you to chain numerical values with
string variables.
 Select Q-parameter functions

 Select the STRING FORMULA function

 Select the function for converting a numerical value to

a string parameter
 Enter the number or the desired Q parameter to be
converted, and confirm with the ENT key
 If desired, enter the number of decimal places that the
TNC should convert, and confirm with the ENT key
 Close the parenthetical expression with the ENT key
and confirm your entry with the END key

Example: Convert parameter Q50 to string parameter QS11, use

3 decimal places
37 QS11 = TOCHAR ( DAT+Q50 DECIMALS3 )

356 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.10 String parameters
Copying a substring from a string parameter
The SUBSTR function copies a definable range from a string parameter.
 Select Q-parameter functions

 Select the STRING FORMULA function

 Enter the number of the string parameter in which the
TNC is to save the copied string. Confirm with the
ENT key
 Select the function for cutting out a substring
 Enter the number of the QS parameter from which the
substring is to be copied. Confirm with the ENT key
 Enter the number of the place starting from which to
copy the substring, and confirm with the ENT key
 Enter the number of characters to be copied, and
confirm with the ENT key
 Close the parenthetical expression with the ENT key
and confirm your entry with the END key

Remember that the first character of a text sequence

starts internally with the zeroth place.

Example: A four-character substring (LEN4) is read from the

string parameter QS10 beginning with the third character (BEG2)
37 QS13 = SUBSTR ( SRC_QS10 BEG2 LEN4 )

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9.10 String parameters

Copying system data to a string parameter

The SYSSTR function copies system data to a string parameter. At
present only reading of the system time is available.
 Select Q-parameter functions

 Select the STRING FORMULA function

 Enter the number of the string parameter in which the
TNC is to save the copied string. Confirm with the
ENT key
 Select the function for copying system data
 Enter the Number of the system key (ID321 for the
system time) that you want to copy, and confirm with
the ENT key
 Enter the Index for system key. It defines the format
for the system time to be output. Confirm with the
ENT key (see description below)
 Array index of the source to be read has no
function yet. Confirm with the NO ENT key
 Number to be converted to text, has no function yet.
Confirm with the NO ENT key
 Close the parenthetical expression with the ENT key
and confirm your entry with the END key

This function is prepared for future expansions. The

parameters IDX and DAT currently have no function.

358 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.10 String parameters
You can use the following formats to display the date:
 00: DD.MM.YYYY hh:mm:ss
 01: D.MM.YYYY h:mm:ss
 02: D.MM.YYYY h:mm
 03: D.MM.YY h:mm
 04: YYYY-MM-DD- hh:mm:ss
 05: YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm
 06: YYYY-MM-DD h:mm
 07: YY-MM-DD h:mm
 08: DD.MM.YYYY
 09: D.MM.YYYY
 10: D.MM.YY
 11: YYYY-MM-DD
 12: YY-MM-DD
 13: hh:mm:ss
 14: h:mm:ss
 15: h:mm

Example: Read out the current system time in the format

DD.MM.YYYY hh:mm:ss, and save it in parameter QS13.
37 QS13 = SYSSTR ( ID321 NR0)

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9.10 String parameters

Converting a string parameter to a numerical

value
The TONUMB function converts a string parameter to a numerical value.
The value to be converted should be only numerical.

The QS parameter must contain only one numerical value.

Otherwise the TNC will output an error message.

 Select Q-parameter functions

 Select the FORMULA function

 Enter the number of the parameter in which the TNC
is to save the numerical value. Confirm with the ENT
key
 Shift the soft-key row

 Select the function for converting a string parameter

to a numerical value
 Enter the number of the Q parameter to be converted,
and confirm with the ENT key
 Close the parenthetical expression with the ENT key
and confirm your entry with the END key

Example: Convert string parameter QS11 to a numerical

parameter Q82
37 Q82 = TONUMB ( SRC_QS11 )

360 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.10 String parameters
Checking a string parameter
The INSTR function checks whether a string parameter is contained in
another string parameter.
 Select Q-parameter functions

 Select the FORMULA function

 Enter the number of the Q parameter in which the
TNC is to save the place at which the search text
begins. Confirm with the ENT key
 Shift the soft-key row

 Select the function for checking a string parameter

 Enter the number of the QS parameter in which the
text to be searched for is saved. Confirm with the
ENT key
 Enter the number of the QS parameter to be
searched, and confirm with the ENT key
 Enter the number of the place starting from which the
TNC is to search the substring, and confirm with the
ENT key
 Close the parenthetical expression with the ENT key
and confirm your entry with the END key

Remember that the first character of a text sequence

starts internally with the zeroth place.
If the TNC cannot find the required substring, it will save
the total length of the string to be searched (counting
starts at 1) in the result parameter.
If the substring is found in more than one place, the TNC
returns the first place at which it finds the substring.

Example: Search through QS10 for the text saved in parameter

QS13. Begin the search at the third place.
37 Q50 = INSTR ( SRC_QS10 SEA_QS13 BEG2 )

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9.10 String parameters

Finding the length of a string parameter

The STRLEN function returns the length of the text saved in a selectable
string parameter.
 Select Q-parameter functions

 Select the FORMULA function

 Enter the number of the Q parameter in which the
TNC is to save the ascertained string length. Confirm
with the ENT key
 Shift the soft-key row

 Select the function for finding the text length of a

string parameter
 Enter the number of the QS parameter whose length
the TNC is to ascertain, and confirm with the ENT key
 Close the parenthetical expression with the ENT key
and confirm your entry with the END key

Example: Find the length of QS15

37 Q52 = STRLEN ( SRC_QS15 )

362 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.10 String parameters
Comparing alphabetic priority
The STRCOMP function compares string parameters for alphabetic
priority.
 Select Q-parameter functions

 Select the FORMULA function

 Enter the number of the Q parameter in which the
TNC is to save the result of comparison. Confirm with
the ENT key
 Shift the soft-key row

 Select the function for comparing string parameters

 Enter the number of the first QS parameter to be
compared, and confirm with the ENT key
 Enter the number of the second QS parameter to be
compared, and confirm with the ENT key
 Close the parenthetical expression with the ENT key
and confirm your entry with the END key

The TNC returns the following results:

 0: The compared QS parameters are identical
 -1: The first QS parameter precedes the second QS
parameter alphabetically
 +1: The first QS parameter follows the second QS
parameter alphabetically

Example: QS12 and QS14 are compared for alphabetic priority

37 Q52 = STRCOMP ( SRC_QS12 SEA_QS14 )

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9.11 Preassigned Q parameters

9.11 Preassigned Q parameters

The Q parameters Q100 to Q199 are assigned values by the TNC. The
following types of information are assigned to Q parameters:
 Values from the PLC
 Tool and spindle data
 Data on operating status
 Results of measurements from touch probe cycles etc.

Preassigned Q parameters (QS parameters) between Q100

and Q199 (QS100 and QS199) must not be used in NC
programs as calculation parameters. Otherwise you might
receive undesired results.

Values from the PLC: Q100 to Q107

The TNC uses the parameters Q100 to Q107 to transfer values from
the PLC to an NC program.

WMAT block: QS100

The TNC saves the material defined in the WMAT block in parameter
QS100.

Active tool radius: Q108

The active value of the tool radius is assigned to Q108. Q108 is
calculated from:
 Tool radius R (tool table or TOOL DEF block)
 Delta value DR from the tool table
 Delta value DR from the TOOL CALL block

The TNC remembers the current tool radius even if the

power is interrupted.

364 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.11 Preassigned Q parameters
Tool axis: Q109
The value of Q109 depends on the current tool axis:

Tool axis Parameter value

No tool axis defined Q109 = –1

in X axis Q109 = 0

Y axis Q109 = 1

Z axis Q109 = 2

U axis Q109 = 6

5th axis Q109 = 7

W axis Q109 = 8

Spindle status: Q110

The value of the parameter Q110 depends on the M function last
programmed for the spindle.

M function Parameter value

No spindle status defined Q110 = –1

M3: Spindle ON, clockwise Q110 = 0

M4: Spindle ON, counterclockwise Q110 = 1

M5 after M3 Q110 = 2

M5 after M4 Q110 = 3

Coolant on/off: Q111

M function Parameter value

M8: Coolant ON Q111 = 1

M9: Coolant OFF Q111 = 0

Overlap factor: Q112

The overlap factor for pocket milling (MP7430) is assigned to Q112.

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9.11 Preassigned Q parameters

Unit of measurement for dimensions in the

program: Q113
During nesting the PGM CALL, the value of the parameter Q113
depends on the dimensional data of the program from which the other
programs are called.

Dimensional data of the main program Parameter value

Metric system (mm) Q113 = 0

Inch system (inches) Q113 = 1

Tool length: Q114

The current value for the tool length is assigned to Q114.
The current value for the tool length is assigned to Q114. Q114 is
calculated from:
 Tool length L (tool table or TOOL DEF block)
 Delta value DL from the tool table
 Delta value DL from the TOOL CALL block

The TNC remembers the current tool length even if the

power is interrupted.

Coordinates after probing during program run

The parameters Q115 to Q119 contain the coordinates of the spindle
position at the moment of contact during programmed measurement
with the touch probe. The coordinates refer to the datum point that is
active in the Manual Operation mode.
The length of the stylus and the radius of the ball tip are not
compensated in these coordinates.
Coordinate axis Parameter value
in X axis Q115

Y axis Q116

Z axis Q117

4th Traverse the axis Q118

depending on MP100

5th axis Q119

depending on MP100

366 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.11 Preassigned Q parameters
Deviation between actual value and nominal
value during automatic tool measurement with
the TT 130

Deviation of actual from nominal value Parameter value

Tool length Q115

Tool radius Q116

Tilting the working plane with mathematical

angles: rotary axis coordinates calculated by the
TNC

Coordinates Parameter value

A axis Q120

B axis Q121

C axis Q122

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9.11 Preassigned Q parameters

Measurement results from touch probe cycles

(see also User’s Manual for Cycle Programming)

Measured actual values Parameter value

Angle of a straight line Q150

Center in reference axis Q151

Center in minor axis Q152

Diameter Q153

Pocket length Q154

Pocket width Q155

Length of the axis selected in the cycle Q156

Position of the centerline Q157

Angle in the A axis Q158

Angle in the B axis Q159

Coordinate of the axis selected in the cycle Q160

Measured deviation Parameter value

Center in reference axis Q161

Center in minor axis Q162

Diameter Q163

Pocket length Q164

Pocket width Q165

Measured length Q166

Position of the centerline Q167

Determined space angles Parameter value

Rotation about the A axis Q170

Rotation about the B axis Q171

Rotation about the C axis Q172

368 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.11 Preassigned Q parameters
Workpiece status Parameter value
Good Q180

Rework Q181

Scrap Q182

Measured deviation with Cycle 440 Parameter value

in X axis Q185

Y axis Q186

Z axis Q187

Marker for cycles Q188

Tool measurement with the BLUM laser Parameter value

Reserved Q190

Reserved Q191

Reserved Q192

Reserved Q193

Reserved for internal use Parameter value

Marker for cycles Q195

Marker for cycles Q196

Marker for cycles (machining patterns) Q197

Number of the last active measuring cycle Q198

Status of tool measurement with TT Parameter value

Tool within tolerance Q199 = 0.0

Tool is worn (LTOL/RTOL is exceeded) Q199 = 1.0

Tool is broken (LBREAK/RBREAK is Q199 = 2.0

exceeded)

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9.12 Programming examples

9.12 Programming examples

Example: Ellipse

Program sequence
 The contour of the ellipse is approximated by
many short lines (defined in Q7). The more Y
calculation steps you define for the lines, the
smoother the curve becomes.
 The machining direction can be altered by 50
changing the entries for the starting and end
angles in the plane:

30
Clockwise machining direction:
starting angle > end angle
50
Counterclockwise machining direction:
starting angle < end angle
 The tool radius is not taken into account.

X
50

0 BEGIN PGM ELLIPSE MM

1 Q1 = +50 Center in X axis
2 Q2 = +50 Center in Y axis
3 Q3 = +50 Semiaxis in X
4 Q4 = +30 Semiaxis in Y
5 Q5 = +0 Starting angle in the plane
6 Q6 = +360 End angle in the plane
7 Q7 = +40 Number of calculation steps
8 Q8 = +0 Rotational position of the ellipse
9 Q9 = +5 Milling depth
10 Q10 = +100 Feed rate for plunging
11 Q11 = +350 Feed rate for milling
12 Q12 = +2 Set-up clearance for pre-positioning
13 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Definition of workpiece blank
14 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
15 TOOL CALL 1 Z S4000 Tool call
16 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool
17 CALL LBL 10 Call machining operation

370 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.12 Programming examples
18 L Z+100 R0 FMAX M2 Retract the tool, end program
19 LBL 10 Subprogram 10: Machining operation
20 CYCL DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT Shift datum to center of ellipse
21 CYCL DEF 7.1 X+Q1
22 CYCL DEF 7.2 Y+Q2
23 CYCL DEF 10.0 ROTATION Account for rotational position in the plane
24 CYCL DEF 10.1 ROT+Q8
25 Q35 = (Q6 - Q5) / Q7 Calculate angle increment
26 Q36 = Q5 Copy starting angle
27 Q37 = 0 Set counter
28 Q21 = Q3 * COS Q36 Calculate X coordinate for starting point
29 Q22 = Q4 * SIN Q36 Calculate Y coordinate for starting point
30 L X+Q21 Y+Q22 R0 FMAX M3 Move to starting point in the plane
31 L Z+Q12 R0 FMAX Pre-position in spindle axis to set-up clearance
32 L Z-Q9 R0 FQ10 Move to working depth

33 LBL 1
34 Q36 = Q36 + Q35 Update the angle
35 Q37 = Q37 + 1 Update the counter
36 Q21 = Q3 * COS Q36 Calculate the current X coordinate
37 Q22 = Q4 * SIN Q36 Calculate the current Y coordinate
38 L X+Q21 Y+Q22 R0 FQ11 Move to next point
39 FN 12: IF +Q37 LT +Q7 GOTO LBL 1 Unfinished? If not finished, return to LBL 1

40 CYCL DEF 10.0 ROTATION Reset the rotation

41 CYCL DEF 10.1 ROT+0
42 CYCL DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT Reset the datum shift
43 CYCL DEF 7.1 X+0
44 CYCL DEF 7.2 Y+0
45 L Z+Q12 R0 FMAX Move to set-up clearance
46 LBL 0 End of subprogram
47 END PGM ELLIPSE MM

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9.12 Programming examples

Example: Concave cylinder machined with spherical cutter

Program sequence
Z
 This program functions only with a spherical
cutter. The tool length refers to the sphere R4
center. 0 X
 The contour of the cylinder is approximated by
many short line segments (defined in Q13). The
more line segments you define, the smoother -50
the curve becomes. Y Y
 The cylinder is milled in longitudinal cuts (here: 100
parallel to the Y axis).
 The machining direction can be altered by
changing the entries for the starting and end
angles in space:
Clockwise machining direction:
starting angle > end angle
Counterclockwise machining direction:
starting angle < end angle
 The tool radius is compensated automatically.
50 100 X Z

0 BEGIN PGM CYLIN MM

1 Q1 = +50 Center in X axis
2 Q2 = +0 Center in Y axis
3 Q3 = +0 Center in Z axis
4 Q4 = +90 Starting angle in space (Z/X plane)
5 Q5 = +270 End angle in space (Z/X plane)
6 Q6 = +40 Cylinder radius
7 Q7 = +100 Length of the cylinder
8 Q8 = +0 Rotational position in the X/Y plane
9 Q10 = +5 Allowance for cylinder radius
10 Q11 = +250 Feed rate for plunging
11 Q12 = +400 Feed rate for milling
12 Q13 = +90 Number of cuts
13 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-50 Definition of workpiece blank
14 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
15 TOOL CALL 1 Z S4000 Tool call
16 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool
17 CALL LBL 10 Call machining operation
18 FN 0: Q10 = +0 Reset allowance
19 CALL LBL 10 Call machining operation

372 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.12 Programming examples
20 L Z+100 R0 FMAX M2 Retract the tool, end program

21 LBL 10 Subprogram 10: Machining operation

22 Q16 = Q6 - Q10 - Q108 Account for allowance and tool, based on the cylinder radius
23 Q20 = +1 Set counter
24 Q24 = +Q4 Copy starting angle in space (Z/X plane)
25 Q25 = (Q5 - Q4) / Q13 Calculate angle increment
26 CYCL DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT Shift datum to center of cylinder (X axis)
27 CYCL DEF 7.1 X+Q1
28 CYCL DEF 7.2 Y+Q2
29 CYCL DEF 7.3 Z+Q3
30 CYCL DEF 10.0 ROTATION Account for rotational position in the plane
31 CYCL DEF 10.1 ROT+Q8
32 L X+0 Y+0 R0 FMAX Pre-position in the plane to the cylinder center
33 L Z+5 R0 F1000 M3 Pre-position in the spindle axis
34 LBL 1
35 CC Z+0 X+0 Set pole in the Z/X plane
36 LP PR+Q16 PA+Q24 FQ11 Move to starting position on cylinder, plunge-cutting obliquely into
the material
37 L Y+Q7 R0 FQ12 Longitudinal cut in Y+ direction
38 Q20 = +Q20 + +1 Update the counter
39 Q24 = +Q24 + +Q25 Update solid angle
40 FN 11: IF +Q20 GT +Q13 GOTO LBL 99 Finished? If finished, jump to end
41 LP PR+Q16 PA+Q24 FQ11 Move in an approximated "arc" for the next longitudinal cut
42 L Y+0 R0 FQ12 Longitudinal cut in Y– direction
43 Q20 = +Q20 + +1 Update the counter
44 Q24 = +Q24 + +Q25 Update solid angle
45 FN 12: IF +Q20 LT +Q13 GOTO LBL 1 Unfinished? If not finished, return to LBL 1
46 LBL 99
47 CYCL DEF 10.0 ROTATION Reset the rotation
48 CYCL DEF 10.1 ROT+0
49 CYCL DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT Reset the datum shift
50 CYCL DEF 7.1 X+0
51 CYCL DEF 7.2 Y+0
52 CYCL DEF 7.3 Z+0
53 LBL 0 End of subprogram
54 END PGM CYLIN

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9.12 Programming examples

Example: Convex sphere machined with end mill

Program sequence
 This program requires an end mill.
 The contour of the sphere is approximated by Y Y
many short lines (in the Z/X plane, defined in
Q14). The smaller you define the angle 100
increment, the smoother the curve becomes.
 You can determine the number of contour cuts
through the angle increment in the plane

5
5
R4

R4
(defined in Q18).
 The tool moves upward in three-dimensional 50
cuts.
 The tool radius is compensated automatically.

X Z
50 100 -50

0 BEGIN PGM SPHERE MM

1 Q1 = +50 Center in X axis
2 Q2 = +50 Center in Y axis
3 Q4 = +90 Starting angle in space (Z/X plane)
4 Q5 = +0 End angle in space (Z/X plane)
5 Q14 = +5 Angle increment in space
6 Q6 = +45 Sphere radius
7 Q8 = +0 Starting angle of rotational position in the X/Y plane
8 Q9 = +360 End angle of rotational position in the X/Y plane
9 Q18 = +10 Angle increment in the X/Y plane for roughing
10 Q10 = +5 Allowance in sphere radius for roughing
11 Q11 = +2 Set-up clearance for pre-positioning in the spindle axis
12 Q12 = +350 Feed rate for milling
13 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-50 Definition of workpiece blank
14 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0
15 TOOL CALL 1 Z S4000 Tool call
16 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool

374 Programming: Q Parameters

 9.12 Programming examples
17 CALL LBL 10 Call machining operation
18 Q10 = +0 Reset allowance
19 Q18 = +5 Angle increment in the X/Y plane for finishing
20 CALL LBL 10 Call machining operation
21 L Z+100 R0 FMAX M2 Retract the tool, end program
22 LBL 10 Subprogram 10: Machining operation
23 Q23 = +Q11 + +Q6 Calculate Z coordinate for pre-positioning
24 Q24 = +Q4 Copy starting angle in space (Z/X plane)
25 Q26 = +Q6 + +Q108 Compensate sphere radius for pre-positioning
26 Q28 = +Q8 Copy rotational position in the plane
27 Q16 = +Q6 + -Q10 Account for allowance in the sphere radius
28 CYCL DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT Shift datum to center of sphere
29 CYCL DEF 7.1 X+Q1
30 CYCL DEF 7.2 Y+Q2
31 CYCL DEF 7.3 Z-Q16
32 CYCL DEF 10.0 ROTATION Account for starting angle of rotational position in the plane
33 CYCL DEF 10.1 ROT+Q8
34 LBL 1 Pre-position in the spindle axis
35 CC X+0 Y+0 Set pole in the X/Y plane for pre-positioning
36 LP PR+Q26 PA+Q8 R0 FQ12 Pre-position in the plane
37 CC Z+0 X+Q108 Set pole in the Z/X plane, offset by the tool radius
38 L Y+0 Z+0 FQ12 Move to working depth

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9.12 Programming examples

39 LBL 2
40 LP PR+Q6 PA+Q24 FQ12 Move upward in an approximated "arc"
41 Q24 = +Q24 - +Q14 Update solid angle
42 FN 11: IF +Q24 GT +Q5 GOTO LBL 2 Inquire whether an arc is finished. If not finished, return to LBL 2
43 LP PR+Q6 PA+Q5 Move to the end angle in space
44 L Z+Q23 R0 F1000 Retract in the spindle axis
45 L X+Q26 R0 FMAX Pre-position for next arc
46 Q28 = +Q28 + +Q18 Update rotational position in the plane
47 Q24 = +Q4 Reset solid angle
48 CYCL DEF 10.0 ROTATION Activate new rotational position
49 CYCL DEF 10.0 ROT+Q28
50 FN 12: IF +Q28 LT +Q9 GOTO LBL 1
51 FN 9: IF +Q28 EQU +Q9 GOTO LBL 1 Unfinished? If not finished, return to LBL 1
52 CYCL DEF 10.0 ROTATION Reset the rotation
53 CYCL DEF 10.1 ROT+0
54 CYCL DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT Reset the datum shift
55 CYCL DEF 7.1 X+0
56 CYCL DEF 7.2 Y+0
57 CYCL DEF 7.3 Z+0
58 LBL 0 End of subprogram
59 END PGM SPHERE MM

376 Programming: Q Parameters

Programming:
Miscellaneous
Functions
10.1 Entering miscellaneous functions M and STOP

10.1 Entering miscellaneous

functions M and STOP
Fundamentals
With the TNC's miscellaneous functions—also called M functions—
you can affect
 The program run, e.g., a program interruption
 the machine functions, such as switching spindle rotation and
coolant supply on and off
 The path behavior of the tool

The machine tool builder may add some M functions that

are not described in this User's Manual. Refer to your
machine manual.

You can enter up to two M functions at the end of a positioning block

or in a separate block. The TNC displays the following dialog question:
Miscellaneous function M ?
You usually enter only the number of the M function in the
programming dialog. Some M functions can be programmed with
additional parameters. In this case, the dialog is continued for the
parameter input.
In the Manual Operation and El. Handwheel modes of operation, the
M functions are entered with the M soft key.

Please note that some M functions become effective at

the start of a positioning block, and others at the end,
regardless of their position in the NC block.
M functions come into effect in the block in which they are
called.
Some M functions are effective only in the block in which
they are programmed. Unless the M function is only
effective blockwise, either you must cancel it in a
subsequent block with a separate M function, or it is
automatically canceled by the TNC at the end of the
program.

Entering an M function in a STOP block

If you program a STOP block, the program run or test run is interrupted
at the block, for example for tool inspection. You can also enter an M
function in a STOP block:
 To program an interruption of program run, press the
STOP key
 Enter a miscellaneous function M
Example NC blocks

87 STOP M6

378 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions

 10.2 Miscellaneous functions for program run control, spindle and coolant
10.2 Miscellaneous functions for
program run control, spindle
and coolant
Overview

The machine tool builder can influence the behavior of the

miscellaneous functions described below. Refer to your
machine manual.

M Effect Effective at block Start End

M0 Program STOP 
Spindle STOP

M1 Optional program STOP 

Spindle STOP if necessary
Coolant OFF if necessary (not
effective during Test Run, function
determined by the machine tool
builder)

M2 Program STOP 
Spindle STOP
Coolant off
Go to block 1
Clear the status display (depends on
MP7300)

M3 Spindle ON clockwise 

M4 Spindle ON counterclockwise 

M5 Spindle STOP 

M6 Tool change 
Spindle STOP
Program run STOP (depends on
MP7440)

M8 Coolant ON 

M9 Coolant OFF 

M13 Spindle ON clockwise 

Coolant ON

M14 Spindle ON counterclockwise 

coolant on

M30 Same as M2 

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 379

10.3 Miscellaneous functions for coordinate data

10.3 Miscellaneous functions for

coordinate data
Programming machine-referenced coordinates:
M91/M92
Scale reference point
On the scale, a reference mark indicates the position of the scale
reference point.

Machine datum XMP

The machine datum is required for the following tasks:
 Defining the limits of traverse (software limit switches) X (Z,Y)
 Approach machine-referenced positions (such as tool change
positions)
 Set a workpiece datum
The distance in each axis from the scale reference point to the
machine datum is defined by the machine tool builder in a machine
parameter.

Standard behavior
The TNC references coordinates to the workpiece datum, see
"Workpiece presetting without a touch probe", page 586.

Behavior with M91—Machine datum

If you want the coordinates in a positioning block to be referenced to
the machine datum, end the block with M91.

If you program incremental coordinates in an M91 block,

enter them with respect to the last programmed M91
position. If no M91 position is programmed in the active
NC block, then enter the coordinates with respect to the
current tool position.
If you program M3 or M4 together in a block with M91,
then always program M3 before M91.

The coordinate values on the TNC screen are referenced to the

machine datum. Switch the display of coordinates in the status display
to REF, see "Status displays", page 85.

380 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions

 10.3 Miscellaneous functions for coordinate data
Behavior with M92—Additional machine datum

In addition to the machine datum, the machine tool builder

can also define an additional machine-based position as a
reference point.
For each axis, the machine tool builder defines the
distance between the machine datum and this additional
machine reference point. Refer to the machine manual for
more information.

If you want the coordinates in a positioning block to be based on the

additional machine reference point, end the block with M92.

Radius compensation remains the same in blocks that are

programmed with M91 or M92. The tool length, however,
is not compensated.
If you program M3 or M4 together in a block with M92,
then always program M3 before M92.

Effect
M91 and M92 are effective only in the blocks in which they are
programmed.
M91 and M92 take effect at the start of block.

Workpiece reference point

If you want the coordinates to always be referenced to the machine
datum, you can inhibit reference-point setting for one or more axes.
Z
If reference-point setting is inhibited for all axes, the TNC no longer
displays the SET DATUM soft key in the Manual Operation mode. Z
The figure shows coordinate systems with the machine datum and Y
workpiece datum.
Y
M91/M92 in the Test Run mode X
In order to be able to graphically simulate M91/M92 movements, you
need to activate working space monitoring and display the workpiece
blank referenced to the set reference point (see "Showing the X
workpiece blank in the working space", page 682). M

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10.3 Miscellaneous functions for coordinate data

Activating the most recently entered reference

point: M104
Function
When processing pallet tables, the TNC may overwrite your most
recently entered reference point with values from the pallet table.
With M104 you can reactivate the original reference point.

Effect
M104 is effective only in the blocks in which it is programmed.
M104 becomes effective at the end of block.

The TNC does not change the active basic rotation when
running the M104 function.

Moving to positions in a non-tilted coordinate

system with a tilted working plane: M130
Standard behavior with a tilted working plane
The TNC places the coordinates in the positioning blocks in the tilted
coordinate system.

Behavior with M130

The TNC places coordinates in straight line blocks in the untilted
coordinate system.
The TNC then positions the (tilted) tool to the programmed
coordinates of the untilted system.

Danger of collision!
Subsequent positioning blocks or fixed cycles are carried
out in a tilted coordinate system. This can lead to problems
in fixed cycles with absolute pre-positioning.
The function M130 is allowed only if the tilted working
plane function is active.

Effect
M130 functions blockwise in straight-line blocks without tool radius
compensation.

382 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions

 10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior
10.4 Miscellaneous functions for
contouring behavior
Smoothing corners: M90
Standard behavior
The TNC stops the tool briefly in positioning blocks without tool radius
compensation. This is called an exact stop. Y
In program blocks with radius compensation (RR/RL), the TNC
automatically inserts a transition arc at outside corners.

Behavior with M90

The tool moves at corners with constant speed: This provides a
smoother, more continuous surface. Machining time is also reduced.
Application example: Surface consisting of a series of straight line
segments.

Effect
M90 is effective only in the blocks in which it is programmed.
M90 becomes effective at the start of block. Operation with servo lag X
must be active.

Inserting a rounding arc between straight lines:

M112 Y
Compatibility
For reasons of compatibility, the M112 function is still available.
However, to define the tolerance for fast contour milling,
HEIDENHAIN recommends the use of the TOLERANCE cycle (see
User's Manual for Cycles, section 32 TOLERANCE).

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10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior

Do not include points when executing non-

compensated line blocks: M124
Standard behavior
The TNC runs all line blocks that have been entered in the active
program.

Behavior with M124

When running non-compensated line blocks with very small point
intervals, you can use parameter T to define a minimum point interval
up to which the TNC will not include points during execution.

Effect
M124 becomes effective at the start of block.
The TNC resets M124 if you enter M124 without the T parameter, or
if you select a new program.

Programming M124
If you enter M124 in a positioning block, the TNC continues the dialog
for this block by asking you the minimum distance between points T.
You can also define T through Q parameters (see "Principle and
overview" on page 314).

384 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions

 10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior
Machining small contour steps: M97
Standard behavior
The TNC inserts a transition arc at outside corners. If the contour steps
are very small, however, the tool would damage the contour.
In such cases the TNC interrupts program run and generates the error Y
message "Tool radius too large."

Behavior with M97

The TNC calculates the intersection of the contour elements—as at
inside corners—and moves the tool over this point.
Program M97 in the same block as the outside corner.

Instead of M97 you should use the much more powerful

function M120 LA (see "Calculating the radius-compensated
path in advance (LOOK AHEAD): M120" on page 391).
X
Effect
M97 is effective only in the blocks in which it is programmed.

A corner machined with M97 will not be completely Y

finished. You may wish to rework the contour with a
smaller tool.

S S

13 16
17

14 15

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10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior

Example NC blocks
5 TOOL CALL 20 ... Tool with large tool radius
...
13 L X... Y... R... F... M97 Move to contour point 13
14 L IY-0.5 ... R... F... Machine small contour step 13 to 14
15 L IX+100 ... Move to contour point 15
16 L IY+0.5 ... R... F... M97 Machine small contour step 15 to 16
17 L X... Y... Move to contour point 17

386 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions

 10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior
Machining open contour corners: M98
Standard behavior
The TNC calculates the intersections of the cutter paths at inside
corners and moves the tool in the new direction at those points.
If the contour is open at the corners, however, this will result in Y
incomplete machining.

Behavior with M98

With the miscellaneous function M98, the TNC temporarily suspends
radius compensation to ensure that both corners are completely
machined:

Effect
M98 is effective only in the blocks in which it is programmed. S S
M98 takes effect at the end of block.
X
Example NC blocks
Move to the contour points 10, 11 and 12 in succession:

10 L X... Y... RL F
11 L X... IY... M98
Y
12 L IX+ ...

10

11 12
X

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10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior

Feed rate factor for plunging movements: M103

Standard behavior
The TNC moves the tool at the last programmed feed rate, regardless
of the direction of traverse.

Behavior with M103

The feed rate reduction with M103 is only effective if bit 4

in MP7440 has been set to 1.

The TNC reduces the feed rate when the tool moves in the negative
direction of the tool axis. The feed rate for plunging FZMAX is
calculated from the last programmed feed rate FPROG and a factor
F%:
FZMAX = FPROG x F%

Programming M103
If you enter M103 in a positioning block, the TNC continues the dialog
by asking you the factor F.

Effect
M103 becomes effective at the start of block.
To cancel M103, program M103 once again without a factor.

M103 is also effective in an active tilted working plane.

The feed rate reduction is then effective during traverse in
the negative direction of the tilted tool axis.

Example NC blocks
The feed rate for plunging is to be 20% of the feed rate in the plane.

... Actual contouring feed rate (mm/min):

17 L X+20 Y+20 RL F500 M103 F20 500
18 L Y+50 500
19 L IZ-2.5 100
20 L IY+5 IZ-5 141
21 L IX+50 500
22 L Z+5 500

388 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions

 10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior
Feed rate in millimeters per spindle revolution:
M136
Standard behavior
The TNC moves the tool at the programmed feed rate F in mm/min.

Behavior with M136

In inch-programs, M136 is not permitted in combination

with the new alternate feed rate FU.
The spindle is not permitted to be controlled when M136
is active.

With M136, the TNC does not move the tool in mm/min, but rather at
the programmed feed rate F in millimeters per spindle revolution. If
you change the spindle speed by using the spindle override, the TNC
changes the feed rate accordingly.

Effect
M136 becomes effective at the start of block.
You can cancel M136 by programming M137.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 389

10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior

Feed rate for circular arcs: M109/M110/M111

Standard behavior
The TNC applies the programmed feed rate to the path of the tool
center.

Behavior at circular arcs with M109

The TNC adjusts the feed rate for circular arcs at inside and outside
contours so that the feed rate at the tool cutting edge remains
constant.

Caution: Danger to the workpiece and tool!

On very small outside corners the TNC may increase the
feed rate so much that the tool or workpiece can be
damaged. Avoid M109 with small outside corners.

Behavior at circular arcs with M110

The TNC keeps the feed rate constant for circular arcs at inside
contours only. At outside contours, the feed rate is not adjusted.

M110 is also effective for the inside machining of circular

arcs using contour cycles (special case).
If you define M109 or M110 before calling a machining cycle
with a number greater than 200, the adjusted feed rate is
also effective for circular arcs within these machining
cycles. The initial state is restored after finishing or
aborting a machining cycle.

Effect
M109 and M110 become effective at the start of block. To cancel
M109 or M110, enter M111.

390 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions

 10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior
Calculating the radius-compensated path in
advance (LOOK AHEAD): M120
Standard behavior
If the tool radius is larger than the contour step that is to be machined
with radius compensation, the TNC interrupts program run and
generates an error message. M97 (see "Machining small contour
steps: M97" on page 385) inhibits the error message, but this results
in dwell marks and will also move the corner.
If the programmed contour contains undercut features, the tool may
damage the contour.

Behavior with M120

The TNC checks radius-compensated paths for contour undercuts and
tool path intersections, and calculates the tool path in advance from
the current block. Areas of the contour that might be damaged by the Y
tool are not machined (dark areas in figure). You can also use M120 to
calculate the radius compensation for digitized data or data created on
an external programming system. This means that deviations from the
theoretical tool radius can be compensated.
Use LA (Look Ahead) behind M120 to define the number of blocks
(maximum: 99) that you want the TNC to calculate in advance. Note
that the larger the number of blocks you choose, the higher the block
processing time will be.

Input
If you enter M120 in a positioning block, the TNC continues the dialog
for this block by asking you the number of blocks LA that are to be X
calculated in advance.

Effect
M120 must be located in an NC block that also contains radius
compensation RL or RR. M120 is then effective from this block until
 radius compensation is canceled with R0
 M120 LA0 is programmed, or
 M120 is programmed without LA, or
 another program is called with PGM CALL
 the working plane is tilted with Cycle 19 or the PLANE function
M120 becomes effective at the start of block.

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10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior

Restrictions

 After an external or internal stop, you can only re-enter

the contour with the function RESTORE POS. AT N.
Before you start the block scan, you must cancel M120
(select program again via PGM MGT, do not use GOTO
0), otherwise the TNC will output an error message
 When using the path functions RND and CHF, the blocks
before and after RND or CHF must contain only
coordinates in the working plane.
 If you enter an LA value that is too great, the edited
contour might change, because the TNC might then
output too many NC blocks
 If you want to approach the contour on a tangential
path, you must use the function APPR LCT. The block
with APPR LCT must contain only coordinates of the
working plane
 If you want to depart the contour on a tangential path,
use the function DEP LCT. The block with DEP LCT
must contain only coordinates of the working plane
 Before using the functions listed below, you have to
cancel M120 and the radius compensation:
 Cycle 32 Tolerance
 Cycle 19 Working plane
 PLANE function
 M114
 M128
 M138
 M144
 TCPM FUNCTION
 WRITE TO KINEMATIC

392 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions

 10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior
Superimposing handwheel positioning during
program run: M118
Standard behavior
In the program run modes, the TNC moves the tool as defined in the
part program.

Behavior with M118

M118 permits manual corrections by handwheel during program run.
Just program M118 and enter an axis-specific value (linear or rotary
axis) in millimeters.

Input
If you enter M118 in a positioning block, the TNC continues the dialog
for this block by asking you the axis-specific values. The coordinates
are entered with the orange axis direction buttons or the ASCII
keyboard.

Effect
Cancel handwheel positioning by programming M118 once again
without coordinate input.
M118 becomes effective at the start of block.

Example NC blocks
You want to be able to use the handwheel during program run to move
the tool in the working plane X/Y by ±1 mm and in the rotary axis B by
±5° from the programmed value:

L X+0 Y+38.5 RL F125 M118 X1 Y1 B5

M118 is always effective in the original coordinate system,

even if the working plane is tilted.
In a program with millimeters set as unit of measure, the
TNC interprets M118 values for linear axes in millimeters.
In an inch program it interprets it as inches.
M118 also functions in the Positioning with MDI mode of
operation!
M118 in combination with DCM collision monitoring is
only possible in stopped condition (blinking control-in-
operation symbol). If you try to move an axis during
handwheel superimposition, the TNC will generate an
error message.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 393

10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior

Retraction from the contour in the tool-axis

direction: M140
Standard behavior
In the program run modes, the TNC moves the tool as defined in the
part program.

Behavior with M140

With M140 MB (move back) you can enter a path in the direction of
the tool axis for departure from the contour.

Input
If you enter M140 in a positioning block, the TNC continues the dialog
and asks for the desired path of tool departure from the contour. Enter
the requested path that the tool should follow when departing the
contour, or press the MB MAX soft key to move to the limit of the
traverse range.
In addition, you can program the feed rate at which the tool traverses
the entered path. If you do not enter a feed rate, the TNC moves the
tool along the entered path at rapid traverse.

Effect
M140 is effective only in the block in which it is programmed.
M140 becomes effective at the start of block.

Example NC blocks
Block 250: Retract the tool 50 mm from the contour.
Block 251: Move the tool to the limit of the traverse range.

250 L X+0 Y+38.5 F125 M140 MB 50 F750

251 L X+0 Y+38.5 F125 M140 MB MAX

M140 is also effective if the tilted-working-plane function,

M114 or M128 is active. On machines with tilting heads,
the TNC then moves the tool in the tilted coordinate
system.
With the FN18: SYSREAD ID230 NR6 function you can find
the distance from the current position to the limit of the
traverse range in the positive tool axis.
With M140 MB MAX you can only retract in the positive
direction.
Always define a TOOL CALL with a tool axis before
entering M140, otherwise the direction of traverse is not
defined.

394 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions

 10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior
Danger of collision!
When dynamic collision monitoring (DCM) is active, the
TNC might move the tool only until it detects a collision
and, from there, complete the NC program without any
error message. This can result in tool paths different from
those programmed!

Suppressing touch probe monitoring: M141

Standard behavior
When the stylus is deflected, the TNC outputs an error message as
soon as you attempt to move a machine axis.

Behavior with M141

The TNC moves the machine axes even if the touch probe is
deflected. This function is required if you wish to write your own
measuring cycle in connection with measuring cycle 3 in order to
retract the stylus by means of a positioning block after it has been
deflected.

Danger of collision!
If you use M141, make sure that you retract the touch
probe in the correct direction.
M141 functions only for movements with straight-line
blocks.

Effect
M141 is effective only in the block in which it is programmed.
M141 becomes effective at the start of block.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 395

10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior

Deleting modal program information: M142

Standard behavior
The TNC resets modal program information in the following situations:
 Select a new program
 Execute a miscellaneous function M2, M30, or an END PGM block
(depending on MP7300)
 Define the cycle for basic behavior with a new value

Behavior with M142

All modal program information except for basic rotation, 3-D rotation
and Q parameters is reset.

The function M142 is not permitted during mid-program

startup.

Effect
M142 is effective only in the block in which it is programmed.
M142 becomes effective at the start of the block.

Deleting basic rotation: M143

Standard behavior
The basic rotation remains in effect until it is reset or is overwritten
with a new value.

Behavior with M143

The TNC erases a programmed basic rotation from the NC program.

The function M143 is not permitted during mid-program

startup.

Effect
M143 is effective only in the block in which it is programmed.
M143 becomes effective at the start of the block.

396 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions

 10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior
Automatically retract tool from the contour at an
NC stop: M148
Standard behavior
At an NC stop the TNC stops all traverse movements. The tool stops
moving at the point of interruption.

Behavior with M148

The M148 function must be enabled by the machine tool

builder.

The TNC retracts the tool by 0.1 mm in the direction of the tool axis if,
in the LIFTOFF column of the tool table, you set the parameter Y for the
active tool (see "Tool table: Standard tool data" on page 182).
LIFTOFF takes effect in the following situations:
 An NC stop triggered by you
 An NC stop triggered by the software, e.g. if an error occurred in the
drive system
 When a power interruption occurs. The path that the TNC
withdraws if a power interruption occurs is set by your machine tool
builder in machine parameter 1160

Danger of collision!
Remember that, especially on curved surfaces, the
surface can be damaged during return to the contour.
Retract the tool before returning to the contour!

Effect
M148 remains in effect until deactivated with M149.
M148 becomes effective at the start of block, M149 at the end of
block.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 397

10.4 Miscellaneous functions for contouring behavior

Suppressing the limit switch message: M150

Standard behavior
The TNC stops program run with an error message if the tool were to
leave the active working space during a positioning block. The error
message is output before the positioning block is executed.

Behavior with M150

If the end point of a positioning block with M150 is outside the current
working space, the TNC moves the tool to the edge of the working
space, and then continues the program run without an error message.

Danger of collision!
Keep in mind that the approach path to the position
programmed after the M150 block might be changed
significantly!
M150 is also effective on traverse range limits defined
with the MOD function.
M150 is effective even if you have the handwheel
superimposition function active. The TNC then moves the
tool by the defined maximum value of the handwheel
superimposition away from the limit switch.
When dynamic collision monitoring (DCM) is active, the
TNC might move the tool only until it detects a collision
and, from there, complete the NC program without any
error message. This can result in tool paths different from
those programmed!

Effect
M150 is effective only in straight-line blocks and the block in which it
is programmed.
M150 becomes effective at the start of block.

398 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions

 10.5 Miscellaneous functions for laser cutting machines
10.5 Miscellaneous functions for
laser cutting machines
Principle
The TNC can control the cutting efficiency of a laser by transferring
voltage values through the S-analog output. You can influence laser
efficiency during program run through the miscellaneous functions
M200 to M204.

Entering miscellaneous functions for laser cutting machines

If you enter an M function for laser cutting machines in a positioning
block, the TNC continues the dialog by asking you the required
parameters for the programmed function.
All miscellaneous functions for laser cutting machines become
effective at the start of the block.

Direct output of the programmed voltage: M200

Behavior with M200
The TNC outputs the value programmed after M200 as the voltage V.
Input range: 0 to 9999 V

Effect
M200 remains in effect until a new voltage is output through M200,
M201, M202, M203 or M204.

Output of voltage as a function of distance:

M201
Behavior with M201
M201 outputs the voltage in dependence on the distance to be
covered. The TNC increases or decreases the current voltage linearly
to the value programmed for V.
Input range: 0 to 9999 V

Effect
M201 remains in effect until a new voltage is output through M200,
M201, M202, M203 or M204.

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10.5 Miscellaneous functions for laser cutting machines

Output of voltage as a function of speed: M202

Behavior with M202
The TNC outputs the voltage as a function of speed. In the machine
parameters, the machine tool builder defines up to three characteristic
curves FNR in which specific feed rates are assigned to specific
voltages. Use miscellaneous function M202 to select the curve FNR
from which the TNC is to determine the output voltage.
Input range 1 to 3

Effect
M202 remains in effect until a new voltage is output through M200,
M201, M202, M203 or M204.

Output of voltage as a function of time (time-

dependent ramp): M203
Behavior with M203
The TNC outputs the voltage V as a function of the time TIME. The
TNC increases or decreases the current voltage linearly to the value
programmed for V within the time programmed for TIME.

Input range
Voltage V: 0 to 9999 Volt
TIME: 0 to 1999 seconds
Effect
M203 remains in effect until a new voltage is output through M200,
M201, M202, M203 or M204.

Output of voltage as a function of time (time-

dependent pulse): M204
Behavior with M204
The TNC outputs a programmed voltage as a pulse with a
programmed duration TIME.

Input range
Voltage V: 0 to 9999 Volt
TIME: 0 to 1999 seconds

Effect
M204 remains in effect until a new voltage is output through M200,
M201, M202, M203 or M204.

400 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions

Programming:
Special Functions
11.1 Overview of special functions

11.1 Overview of special functions

The TNC provides the following powerful special functions for a large
number of applications:

Function Description
Dynamic Collision Monitoring (DCM—software Page 406
option)

Global Program Settings (GS—software option) Page 425

Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—software option) Page 440

Active Chatter Control (ACC—software option) Page 451

Working with text files Page 464

Working with cutting data tables Page 469

Working with freely definable tables Page 475

Press the SPEC FCT and the corresponding soft keys to access further
special functions of the TNC. The following tables give you an
overview of which functions are available.

Main menu for SPEC FCT special functions

 Press the special functions key

Function Soft key Description

Insert smarT.NC units in plain- Page 461
language programs

Functions for contour and point Page 403

machining

Define the PLANE function Page 491

Define various conversational Page 404

functions

Use programming aids Page 405

Define structure items Page 158

402 Programming: Special Functions

 11.1 Overview of special functions
Program defaults menu
 Select the program defaults menu

Function Soft key Description

Workpiece blank definition Page 108

Define the material Page 470

Define global cycle parameters See User's

Manual for Cycles

Select datum table See User's

Manual for Cycles

Load fixture Page 421

Reset fixture Page 421

Functions for contour and point machining

menu
 Select the menu for functions for contour and point
machining

Function Soft key Description

Define a simple contour formula See User's
Manual for Cycles

Call the menu for complex See User's

contour formula Manual for Cycles

Define regular machining pattern See User's

Manual for Cycles

Select the point file with See User's

machining positions Manual for Cycles

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 403

11.1 Overview of special functions

Functions for contour and point machining

menu
 Select the menu for functions for contour and point
machining

Function Soft key Description

Select a contour definition See User's
Manual for Cycles

Assign contour description See User's

Manual for Cycles

Define a complex contour See User's

formula Manual for Cycles

Menu of various conversational functions

 Select the menu for defining various plain-language
functions

Function Soft key Description

Define the positioning behavior Page 514
for rotary axes

Define file functions Page 456

Define program call Page 460

Define coordinate Page 457

transformations

Define string functions Page 353

404 Programming: Special Functions

 11.1 Overview of special functions
Programming aids menu
 Select the programming aids menu

 Select the menu for file conversion

Function Soft key Description

Structured program conversion Page 257
from FK to H

Unstructured program Page 257

conversion from FK to H

Generate a backward program Page 452

Filter contours Page 455

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 405

11.2 Dynamic collision monitoring (software option)

11.2 Dynamic collision monitoring

(software option)
Function

Dynamic collision monitoring (DCM) must be adapted by

the machine manufacturer for the TNC and for the
machine. Refer to your machine manual.

The machine manufacturer can define any objects that are monitored
by the TNC during all machining operations and even in the Test Run
mode. If two objects monitored for collision come within a defined
distance of each other, the TNC outputs an error message during Test
Run and machining.
The TNC can display the defined collision objects graphically in all
machining modes and during test run (see "Graphic depiction of the
protected space (FCL 4 function)" on page 410).
The TNC also monitors the current tool with the length and radius
entered in the tool table for collision (assuming a cylindrical tool). TNC
likewise monitors the stepped tool according to the definition in the
tool table and also displays it accordingly.
Provided that you have defined a separate tool holder kinematic
description for the respective tool, including a collision body
description, and have assigned it to the tool in the KINEMATIC
column, the TNC monitors this tool holder also (see "Tool-carrier
kinematics" on page 192).
Also, you can integrate simple fixtures in the collision monitoring (see
"Fixture monitoring (DCM software option)" on page 412).

406 Programming: Special Functions

 11.2 Dynamic collision monitoring (software option)
Keep these constraints in mind:
 DCM helps to reduce the danger of collision. However,
the TNC cannot consider all possible constellations in
operation.
 Collisions of defined machine components and the tool
with the workpiece are not detected by the TNC.
 DCM can only protect those machine components from
collision that your machine tool builder has correctly
defined with regard to dimensions and position in the
machine coordinate system.
 The TNC can monitor the tool only if a positive tool
radius has been defined in the tool table. The TNC
cannot monitor tools with a radius of 0 (as is often used
in drilling tools) and therefore issues an appropriate error
message.
 The TNC can only monitor tools for which you have
defined positive tool lengths.
 When a touch probe cycle starts, the TNC no longer
monitors the stylus length and ball-tip diameter so that
you can also probe in collision objects.
 For certain tools (such as face milling cutters), the
diameter that would cause a collision can be greater
than the dimensions defined in the tool-compensation
data.
 The handwheel superimpositioning function (M118 and
global program settings) in combination with collision
monitoring is only possible in stopped condition
(blinking control-in-operation symbol). To be able to use
M118 without limitations, you have to deselect DCM
either by soft key in the Collision Monitoring (DCM)
menu, or activate a kinematics model without collision
monitored objects (CMOs).
 With the rigid-tapping cycles, DCM works only if the
exact interpolation of the tool axis with the spindle is
activated through MP7160.

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11.2 Dynamic collision monitoring (software option)

Collision monitoring in the manual operating

modes
In the Manual Operation or El. Handwheel operating modes, the TNC
stops a motion if two objects monitored for collision approach each
other within a distance of 3 to 5 mm. In this case, the TNC displays an
error message naming the two objects causing collision.
If you have selected a screen layout in which positions are displayed
on the left and collision objects on the right, then the TNC additionally
marks the colliding objects in red.

Once a collision warning is displayed, machine motions via

the direction keys or handwheel are possible only if the
motion increases the distance between the collision
objects. For example, by pressing the axis direction key for
the opposite direction.
Motions that reduce the distance or leave it unchanged are
not allowed as long as collision monitoring is active.

Deactivating collision monitoring

If you have to reduce the distance between collision-monitored
objects for lack of space, the collision monitoring function must be
deactivated.

Danger of collision!
If you have deactivated the collision monitoring, the
symbol for collision monitoring flashes (see following
table).

Function Icon
Symbol that appears in the operating mode bar
when collision monitoring is not active.

 Shift the soft-key row if necessary

 Select the menu for deactivating collision monitoring

 Select the Manual Operation menu item

 To deactivate collision monitoring, press the ENT key,
and the symbol for collision monitoring in the
operating mode display starts to blink
 Move axes manually, pay attention to traverse direction
 To reactivate collision monitoring: Press the ENT key

408 Programming: Special Functions

 11.2 Dynamic collision monitoring (software option)
Collision monitoring in Automatic operation

The handwheel superimpositioning function with M118 in

combination with collision monitoring is only possible in
stopped condition (blinking control-in-operation symbol).
If collision monitoring is on, the TNC shows the
symbol in the position display.
If you have deactivated collision monitoring, the symbol
for collision monitoring flashes in the operating-mode bar.

Danger of collision!
The M140 (see "Retraction from the contour in the tool-
axis direction: M140" on page 394) and M150 (see
"Suppressing the limit switch message: M150" on page
398) functions might cause non-programmed movements
if the TNC detects a collision when executing these
functions!

The TNC monitors motions blockwise, i.e. it outputs a warning in the

block which would cause a collision, and interrupts program run. A
reduction of the feed rate, as with Manual Operation, does not occur.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 409

11.2 Dynamic collision monitoring (software option)

Graphic depiction of the protected space (FCL 4

function)
You can use the split-screen layout key to have the machine-based
collision objects defined on your machine and measured fixtures be
shown in three dimensions (see "Program Run, Full Sequence and
Program Run, Single Block" on page 84).
You can switch between the various views via soft key:

Function Soft key

Switch between wire-frame and solid-object
view

Switch between solid and transparent view

Display/hide the coordinate systems that result

from transformations in the kinematics
description

Functions for rotating in the X and Z axes, and

magnifying/reducing

You can also use the mouse for the graphics. The following functions
are available:
 In order to rotate the wire model shown in three dimensions you
hold the right mouse button down and move the mouse. After you
release the right mouse button, the TNC orients the workpiece to
the defined orientation
 In order to shift the model shown: Hold the center mouse button or
the wheel button down and move the mouse. The TNC shifts the
model in the corresponding direction. After you release the center
mouse button, the TNC shifts the model to the defined position
 In order to zoom in on a certain area with the mouse: Draw a
rectangular zoom area while holding the left mouse button down.
You can shift the zoom area by moving the mouse horizontally and
vertically as required. After you release the left mouse button, the
TNC zooms in on the defined area of the workpiece
 In order to quickly zoom in and out with the mouse: Rotate the
wheel button forward or backward
 Double-click with the right mouse button to reset the zoom factor
 Press the SHIFT key and double-click with the right mouse button to
reset the zoom factor and the angle of rotation

410 Programming: Special Functions

 11.2 Dynamic collision monitoring (software option)
Collision monitoring in the Test Run mode of
operation
Application
This feature enables you to test for collisions before actual machining.

Requirements

The graphic simulation testing must be enabled by your

machine tool builder in order to run.

Conducting a collision test

You specify the datum for the collision test in the

“workpiece blank in working space” function (see
"Showing the workpiece blank in the working space" on
page 682)!

 Select the Test Run operating mode

 Select the program that you want to check for collision
 Select the PROGRAM+KINEMATICS or KINEMATICS
screen layout
 Shift the soft-key row twice

 Set the collision testing to ON

 Shift the soft-key row back twice

 Start the test run

You can switch between the various views via soft key:
Function Soft key
Switch between wire-frame and solid-object
view

Switch between solid and transparent view

Display/hide the coordinate systems that result

from transformations in the kinematics
description

Functions for rotating in the X and Z axes, and

magnifying/reducing

Mouse operation: (see "Graphic depiction of the protected space (FCL

4 function)" on page 410)

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 411

11.3 Fixture monitoring (DCM software option)

11.3 Fixture monitoring

(DCM software option)
Fundamentals

Your machine tool builder must define permissible

location points in the kinematic description before you can
use the fixture monitoring. The machine manual provides
further information.
Your machine has to feature a touch probe for workpiece
measurement. Otherwise you cannot locate the fixture on
the machine.

Using the fixture management in the Manual operating mode, you can
place simple fixtures in the working space of the machine in order to
implement collision monitoring between the tool and the fixture.
Several work steps are required to place fixtures:
 Model the fixture template
On its Web site, HEIDENHAIN provides fixture templates such as
vises or jaw chucks in a fixture template library (see "Fixture
templates" on page 413), that were created with the PC program
KinematicsDesign. The machine tool builder can model additional
fixture templates and provide you with them. The fixture templates
have the file name extension cft
 Setting the fixture parameter values: FixtureWizard
With the FixtureWizard you define the exact dimensions of the
fixture by entering parameters values in the fixture template. The
FixtureWizard is available as a component of the TNC fixture
management. It generates a placeable fixture with concrete
dimensions defined by you, (see "Setting parameter values for the
fixture: FixtureWizard" on page 413). Placeable fixture templates
have the file name extension cfx
 Placing the fixture on the machine
In an interactive menu the TNC guides you through the actual
measurement process. The measurement process consists
essentially of the performance of various probing functions on the
fixture and entering variable sizes, for example the jaw gap of a vise
(see "Placing the fixture on the machine" on page 415)
 Checking the position of the measured fixture
After you have placed the fixture, you can have the TNC create a
measuring program as needed with which you can have the actual
position of the placed fixture compared with the nominal position. If
the deviations between the nominal and actual positions are too
large, the TNC issues an error message (see "Checking the position
of the measured fixture" on page 417)

412 Programming: Special Functions

 11.3 Fixture monitoring (DCM software option)
Fixture templates
HEIDENHAIN provides various fixture templates in a fixture library. If
you need any of them, please contact HEIDENHAIN (e-mail address
[email protected]) or your machine tool builder.

Setting parameter values for the fixture:

FixtureWizard
With the FixtureWizard you can use a fixture template to create a
fixture with exact dimensions. HEIDENHAIN provides templates for
standard fixtures. Your machine tool builder may also provide fixture
templates.

Before you start the FixtureWizard, you must have copied

the fixture template and its parameters to the TNC!

 Call the fixture management

 Start the FixtureWizard: The TNC opens the menu for

parameterization of fixture templates
 Select the fixture template: The TNC opens the
window for selecting a fixture template (files with
extension CFT). The TNC displays a preview if a CFT
file is highlighted
 Use the mouse to select the fixture template for
which you want to enter values and confirm with Open
 Enter the values of all the fixture parameters shown in
the left window. Use the arrow keys to move the
cursor to the next input field. After value entry, the
TNC updates the 3-D view of the fixture in the
window below. As far as is available, the TNC displays
an illustration in the upper right window graphically
showing the fixture parameter to be entered.
 Enter the name of the defined fixture in the Output
file input field and confirm with the Generate file
button. It is not necessary to enter the file extension
(CFX for parameterized)
 Exit FixtureWizard

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11.3 Fixture monitoring (DCM software option)

Operating FixtureWizard
FixtureWizard is operated primarily with the mouse. You can change
the screen layout by pulling the separator lines so that the Parameters,
Help graphics and 3-D graphics are displayed in the size you prefer.
You can change the depiction of the 3-D graphics as follows:
 Enlarge/reduce the model:
Turning the mouse wheel enlarges or reduces the model
 Move the model:
Pressing the mouse wheel and moving the mouse at the same
time moves the model
 Rotate the model:
Pressing the mouse key and moving the mouse at the same time
rotates the model
In addition, buttons are available that perform the following function
when clicked:
Function Icon
Exit FixtureWizard

Open a fixture template (files with the extension

CFT)

Switch between wire-frame and solid-object

view

Switch between solid and transparent view

Show/hide the designations of the collision

bodies defined in the fixture

Show/hide the test points defined in the fixture

(no function in the ToolHolderWizard)

Show/hide the measurement points defined in

the fixture (no function in the ToolHolderWizard)

Restore the initial position of the 3-D view

414 Programming: Special Functions

 11.3 Fixture monitoring (DCM software option)
Placing the fixture on the machine

Insert a touch probe before you place a fixture!

 Call the fixture management

 Select the fixture: The TNC opens the menu for fixture
selection and shows in the left window all fixtures
available in the active directory. Once you selected a
fixture, the TNC displays a graphic preview in the right
window to assist you in selecting the correct fixture.
Fixtures have the file name extension CFX
 In the left window, use the mouse or arrow keys to
select a fixture. In the right window the TNC shows a
preview of the respectively selected fixture
 Load fixture: The TNC calculates the required
sequence of measurement and displays it in the left
window. In the right window it shows the fixture.
Measurement points are marked with a colored
datum symbol on the fixture. In addition, there is a
sequence of numbers to show you the order for
measuring the fixture
 Start the measurement process: The TNC shows a
soft-key row with permitted scanning functions for
the respective measuring process
 Select the required probing function: The TNC is in the
menu for manual probing. Description of the probing
functions: See "Overview" on page 608
 At the end of the probing process the TNC displays
the measured values
 Load the measured values: The TNC ends the
measuring process, checks it off in the measurement
sequence and places the highlight on the subsequent
task
 If input of a value is required in the respective fixture,
the TNC shows a highlight at the lower end of the
screen. Enter the requested value, e.g. jaw width of a
vise, and confirm with the ACCEPT VALUE soft key
 When all measuring tasks are checked off by the TNC,
complete the measuring process with the
COMPLETE soft key

The sequence of measurement is specified in the fixture

template. You have to run through the sequence of
measurements step by step from top to bottom.
With multiple setup you have to place each fixture
separately.

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11.3 Fixture monitoring (DCM software option)

Editing fixtures

Only value input is editable. The position of the fixture on

the machine table cannot be corrected after placement. To
change the position of the fixture you have to remove it
first and then place it again!

 Call the fixture management

 Use the mouse or the arrow keys to select the fixture
that you want to edit. The TNC highlights the selected
fixture with color
 To change the selected fixture, in the Sequence of
measurement window the TNC shows the fixture
parameters that you can edit
 Confirm removal with the YES soft key or cancel it
with NO

Removing fixtures

Danger of collision!
If you remove a fixture, the TNC no longer monitors it,
even if it is still clamped on the machine table!

 Call the fixture management

 Use the mouse or the arrow keys to select the fixture
that you want to remove. The TNC highlights the
selected fixture with color
 Remove selected fixture
 Confirm removal with the YES soft key or cancel it
with NO

416 Programming: Special Functions

 11.3 Fixture monitoring (DCM software option)
Checking the position of the measured fixture
To inspect measured fixtures, you can have the TNC generate a test
program. You have to run the inspection program in the Full Sequence
operating mode. The TNC probes test points that are specified by the
fixture designer in the fixture template and evaluates them. It provides
the result of the inspection on screen and in a log file.

The TNC always saves inspection programs in the

TNC:system\Fixture\TpCheck_PGM directory.

 Call the fixture management

 In the Place fixtures window, use the mouse to
mark the fixture to be inspected. The TNC displays
the marked fixture in a different color in the 3-D view
 Start the dialog for generating the inspection program.
The TNC opens the window for entering the Test
program parameters
 Manual positioning: Specify whether you want to
position the touch probe manually or automatically
between the individual inspection points:
1: Manual positioning. You have to move to each
inspection point with the axis-direction keys and
confirm the measuring process with NC start
0: After you have manually pre-positioned the touch
probe to clearance height, the test program runs
automatically
 Feed rate for measurement:
Touch probe feed rate in mm/min for the measuring
process. Input range 0 to 3000
 Feed rate for pre-positioning:
Positioning feed rate in mm/min for moving to the
individual measurement positions. Input range 0 to
99999.999

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11.3 Fixture monitoring (DCM software option)

 Set-up clearance:
Setup clearance to the measuring point that the TNC
should maintain during pre-positioning. Input range
0 to 99999.9999
 Tolerance:
Maximum permissible deviation between nominal
and actual position of the respective test points. Input
range 0 to 99999.999. If the test point is out of
tolerance, the TNC issues an error message
 Tool number/tool name:
Tool number (or name) of the touch probe. Input
range 0 to 30000.9 if a number is entered; maximum
16 characters if a name is entered. If entering a tool
name, enter it between single quotation marks
 Confirm the entries: The TNC generates the test
program, shows the name of the test program in a
pop-up window and asks whether you want to run the
test program
 Answer with NO if you want to run the test program
later, and with YES if you want to run it now
 If you have confirmed with YES, the TNC changes to
the Full Sequence mode and automatically selects
the generated program
 Start the test program: The TNC prompts you to
manually pre-position the touch probe so that it is
located at clearance height. Follow the instructions in
the pop-up window
 Start the measuring process: The TNC moves to each
test point one after the other. With a soft key you
specify the positioning strategy. Conform with NC
start each time
 At the end of the test program the TNC displays a pop-
up window with the deviations from the nominal
position. If a test point is out of tolerance, the TNC
issues an error message in the pop-up window

418 Programming: Special Functions

 11.3 Fixture monitoring (DCM software option)
Managing fixtures
You can save and restore measured fixtures via the Archive function.
This function is especially useful for integrated fixtures and speeds up
the setup procedure considerably.

Functions for managing fixtures

The following functions for fixture management are available:
Function Soft key
Save fixture

Load saved fixture

Copy saved fixture

Rename saved fixture

Delete saved fixture

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11.3 Fixture monitoring (DCM software option)

Saving fixtures
 Call the fixture management if required

 With the arrow keys, choose the chucking equipment

you want to save
 Select Archive function: The TNC displays a window
and shows the fixtures that have been saved
 Save the active chucking equipment to an archive (zip
file): The TNC displays a window in which you can
define the name of the archive
 Enter the file name and confirm with the YES soft key:
The TNC saves the zip archive in a permanently
assigned archive folder
(TNC:\system\Fixture\Archive)

Manually loading fixtures

 Call the fixture management if required

 If required, use the arrow keys to select an insertion

point at which you wish to restore a saved fixture
 Select Archive function: The TNC displays a window
and shows the fixtures that have been saved
 With the arrow keys, select the fixture you wish to
restore
 Load the fixture: The TNC activates the selected
fixture and displays and image of the chucking
equipment contained in the fixture

If you restore the fixture to another insertion point, you

have the confirm the corresponding dialog question of the
TNC with the YES soft key.

420 Programming: Special Functions

 11.3 Fixture monitoring (DCM software option)
Loading fixtures under program control
You can also activate and deactivate saved fixtures under program Beispiel: NC block
control. Proceed as follows:
13 SEL FIXTURE "TNC:\SYSTEM\FIXTURE\F.ZIP"
 Show the soft-key row with special functions

 Select the PROGRAM DEFAULTS group.

 Scroll through the soft-key row

 Enter the path and file name of the stored fixture and
confirm with the ENT key, or open the file selection
dialog with the SELECTION WINDOW soft key in
order to select the stored fixture. The TNC displays a
preview in the selection dialog if you highlight a
stored fixture.

Stored fixtures are by default in the

TNC:\system\Fixture\Archive directory.
Make sure that the fixture to be loaded has also been
saved with the active kinematics.
Make sure that no other chucking equipment is active
during automatic activation of a fixture. If necessary, make
prior use of the FIXTURE SELECTION RESET function.
You can also activate fixtures via the pallet tables in the
FIXTURE column.

Deactivating fixtures under program control

You can deactivate active fixtures under program control. Proceed as Beispiel: NC block
follows:
13 FIXTURE SELECTION RESET
 Show the soft-key row with special functions

 Select the PROGRAM DEFAULTS group.

 Scroll through the soft-key row

 Select the reset function and confirm with the END

key

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 421

11.4 Tool-carrier management (DCM software option)

11.4 Tool-carrier management

(DCM software option)
Fundamentals

Your machine tool builder must have prepared the TNC for
this function, refer to your machine manual.

Just as fixture monitoring, you can also integrate tool carriers in the
collision monitoring.
Several work steps are required to enable tool carriers for collision
monitoring:
 Model the tool carrier
On its Web site, HEIDENHAIN provides tool carrier templates that
were created with a PC software (KinematicsDesign). Your machine
tool builder can model additional tool carrier templates and provide
you with them. The tool carrier templates have the extension cft
 Set the tool carrier parameters: ToolHolderWizard
With the ToolHolderWizard you define the exact dimensions of the
tool carrier (holder) by entering parameter values in the tool carrier
template. Call the ToolHolderWizard from the tool table if you wish
to assign tool carrier kinematics to a tool. Tool carrier templates with
parameters have the extension cfx
 Activate the tool carrier
In the tool table TOOL.T, assign the selected tool carrier to a tool in
the KINEMATIC column (see "Assigning the tool-carrier kinematics" on
page 192).

Tool-carrier templates
HEIDENHAIN provides various tool carrier templates. If you need any
of them, please contact HEIDENHAIN (e-mail address service.nc-
[email protected]) or your machine tool builder.

422 Programming: Special Functions

 11.4 Tool-carrier management (DCM software option)
Setting the tool carrier parameters:
ToolHolderWizard
With the ToolHolderWizard you can use a tool-carrier template to
create a tool carrier with exact dimensions. HEIDENHAIN provides
templates for tool carriers. Your machine tool builder may also provide
tool carrier templates.

Before you start the ToolHolderWizard, you must have

copied the tool carrier template to be parameterized to the
TNC!

Follow the procedure below to assign carrier kinematics to a tool:

 Select any machine operating mode
 Select the tool table: Press the TOOL TABLE soft key

 Set the EDIT soft key to ON

 Select the last soft key row

 Show the list of available kinematics: The TNC

displays all tool carrier kinematics (.TAB files) and all
tool carrier kinematics you have already
parameterized (.CFX files)
 Call the ToolHolderWizard

 Select the tool carrier template: The TNC opens the

window for selecting a tool carrier template (files with
extension CFT)
 Use the mouse to select the tool carrier template for
which you want to enter parameter values and
confirm with Open
 Enter all of the parameters shown in the left window.
Use the arrow keys to move the cursor to the next
input field. After value entry, the TNC updates the 3-
D view of the tool carrier in the window at bottom
right. As far as is available, the TNC displays an
illustration in the upper right window graphically
showing the parameter to be entered
 Enter the name of the defined tool carrier in the
Output file input field and confirm with the Generate
file button. It is not necessary to enter the file
extension (CFX for parameterized)
 Exit the ToolHolderWizard

Operating the ToolHolderWizard

The ToolHolderWizard is operated in the same way as the
FixtureWizard: (see "Operating FixtureWizard" on page 414)

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11.4 Tool-carrier management (DCM software option)

Removing a tool carrier

Danger of collision!
If you remove a tool carrier, the TNC no longer monitors it,
even if it is still in the spindle!

 Delete the name of the tool carrier from the KINEMATIC column in
the tool table (TOOL.T).

424 Programming: Special Functions

 11.5 Global Program Settings (software option)
11.5 Global Program Settings
(software option)
Application
The global program settings, which are used in particular for large
molds and dies, are available in the Program Run mode and MDI
mode. You can use them to define various coordinate transformations
and settings that are globally effective and are superimposed on the
respectively selected NC program so that you do not need to edit the
NC program.
You can activate and deactivate global program settings, even in mid-
program if you have interrupted the program run (see "Interrupting
machining" on page 649). The TNC immediately accounts for the
values you have defined after you have restarted the NC program. The
control might move to the new position over the reapproach menu
(see "Returning to the contour" on page 657).
The following global program settings are available:

Functions Icon Page

Basic rotation Page 430

Swapping axes Page 431

Additional, additive datum shift Page 432

Superimposed mirroring Page 432

Axis locking Page 433

Superimposed rotation Page 433

Definition of a globally effective feed rate Page 433

factor

Definition of a handwheel Page 434

superimposition, even in the virtual axis
direction VT

Definition of limit planes, graphically Page 436

supported

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 425

11.5 Global Program Settings (software option)

You cannot use the following global program run settings

if you have used the M91/M92 function (moving to machine-
referenced positions) in your NC program:
 Swapping of axes in the axes in which you approach
machine-based positions
 Disabling axes
You can use the look-ahead function M120 if you have
activated the global program settings before starting the
program. If M120 is active and you change global settings
during the program, the TNC will show an error message
and stop any further machining.
If DCM collision monitoring is active you can only move
with handwheel superimposition if you have interrupted
the machining program with an external stop.
In the fillable form the TNC grays out any axes that are not
active on your machine.
Shift values and values for handwheel superimposition in
the fillable form must always be defined in millimeters;
angle values for rotations must be defined in degrees.

426 Programming: Special Functions

 11.5 Global Program Settings (software option)
Technical requirements

The global program settings function is a software

option and must be enabled by your machine tool builder.
The machine tool builder can provide functions with which
you can set and reset global program settings under
program control, e.g. M functions or manufacturer cycles.
You can use the Q-parameter function to query the status
of the global program settings GS (see "FN 18: SYS-
DATUM READ: Read system data" page 338 ff).

To be able to use the handwheel superimposition function,

HEIDENHAIN recommends the use of the HR 520 handwheel (see
"Traversing with electronic handwheels" on page 569). Direct selection
of the virtual tool axis is possible with the HR 520.
In principle, you can then use the HR 410 handwheel, but your
machine tool builder must then assign a function key of the handwheel
to selection of the virtual tool axis and program it in his PLC program.

To be able to use all functions without limits, the following

machine parameters must be set:
 MP7641, bit 4 = 1:
Permit selection of the virtual axis on the HR 420
 MP7503 = 1:
Traverse in active tool-axis direction is active in the
Manual Operation mode and during a program
interruption
 MP7682, bit 9 = 1:
Automatic transfer of the tilt status from the automatic
mode to the Move axes during a program
interruption function
 MP7682, bit 10 = 1:
Permit 3-D compensation with active tilted working
plane and active M128 (TCPM)

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11.5 Global Program Settings (software option)

Activating/deactivating a function

Global program settings remain active until you manually

reset them. Note that your machine tool builder can
provide functions with which you can set and reset global
program settings also under program control.
If a global program setting is active, the TNC shows
the symbol in the position display.
If you use the file manager to select a program, the TNC
displays a warning message if global settings are active.
Then you can simply acknowledge the message with the
soft key or call the form directly to make the changes.
Global program settings have no effect in the smarT.NC
operating mode.

 Select the Program Run or Manual Data Input

operating mode
 Shift the soft-key row

 Call the global program settings form

 Activate the desired functions with the corresponding
values

If you activate more than one global program setting, the

TNC calculates the transformations internally in the
following sequence:
 1: Basic rotation
 2: Axis swapping
 3: Mirror image
 4: Shift
 5: Superimposed rotation

The remaining functions such as axis locking, handwheel

superimposition, limit plane and feed rate factor act independently.

428 Programming: Special Functions

 11.5 Global Program Settings (software option)
The following functions help you to navigate in the form. You can also
use the mouse to use the form.

Key /
Functions
Soft key
Jump to previous function

Jump to next function

Select the next element

Select the previous element

Axis swapping function: Open the list of available

axes

Switch the function on/off if the cursor is on a check

box

Reset the global program settings:

 Deactivate all functions
 Set all entered values to 0, set feed rate factor to
100. Set basic rotation = 0 if no basic rotation is
active in the basic rotation menu or in the ROT
column of the active preset in the preset table.
Otherwise the TNC activates the basic rotation
entered there

Discard all changes since the form was last called

Deactivate all active functions. The entered or

adjusted values remain

Save all changes and close the form

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11.5 Global Program Settings (software option)

Basic rotation
The basic rotation function enables you to compensate a workpiece
misalignment. The effect corresponds to the basic rotation function
that you can define in the manual mode with the probing functions.
You can change the basic rotation value in the form, but the TNC does
not write it back into the basic rotation menu or the preset table.
Please also note that when a preset is activated by an NC program
(e.g. via Cycle 247), the TNC activates the basic rotation entered in the
corresponding row of the preset table (ROT column of the preset table).
In this case the TNC replaces the value entered in the form with the
value from the preset table. If the value 0 is entered in the preset table,
then no basic rotation is active once such a row has been activated.
If you press the SET STANDARD VALUES soft key, the TNC restores
the basic rotation assigned to the active preset.

Remember that you may have to return to the contour

after activation of this function. The TNC then
automatically calls the return-to-contour menu after the
form is closed (see "Returning to the contour" on page
657).
Please note that probing cycles with which you measure
and write a basic rotation during program run overwrite the
value defined by you in the fillable form.

430 Programming: Special Functions

 11.5 Global Program Settings (software option)
Swapping axes
With the axis swapping function you can adapt the axes programmed
in any NC program to your machine’s currently available axis
configuration or to the respective clamping situation.

After activation of the axis swapping function, all

subsequent transformations are applied to the swapped
axes.
Be sure to swap the axes sensibly. Otherwise the TNC will
display error messages.
Positioning to M91 positions is not permitted for swapped
axes.
Remember that you may have to return to the contour
after activation of this function. The TNC then
automatically calls the return-to-contour menu after the
form is closed (see "Returning to the contour" on page
657).

 In the global program settings form, move the cursor to EXCHANGE

ON/OFF, and use the SPACE key to activate the function
 With the downward arrow key, set the cursor to the line showing at
left the axis to be swapped
 Press the GOTO key to display the list of axes with which you can
exchange it
 With the downward arrow key, select the axes with which you wish
to exchange, and confirm with the ENT key
If you work with a mouse, you can select the desired axis directly by
clicking it in the respective pull-down menu.

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11.5 Global Program Settings (software option)

Superimposed mirroring
With the superimposed mirroring function you can mirror all active
axes.

The mirrored axes defined in the form work in addition to

the values already defined in the program through Cycle 8
(mirroring).
Remember that you may have to return to the contour
after activation of this function. The TNC then
automatically calls the return-to-contour menu after the
form is closed (see "Returning to the contour" on page
657).

 In the global program settings form, move the cursor to MIRRORING

ON/OFF, and use the SPACE key to activate the function
 With the downward arrow key, set the cursor to the axis that you
want to mirror
 Press the SPACE key to mirror the axis. Pressing the SPACE key
again cancels the function
If you work with a mouse, you can select the desired axis directly by
clicking it.

Additional, additive datum shift

With the additive datum shift function you can compensate any
offsets in all active axes.

The values defined in the form work in addition to the

values already defined in the program through Cycle 7
(datum shift).
Please note that the shifts defined when the working
plane is tilted are effective in the machine coordinate
system.
Remember that you may have to return to the contour
after activation of this function. The TNC then
automatically calls the return-to-contour menu after the
form is closed (see "Returning to the contour" on page
657).

432 Programming: Special Functions

 11.5 Global Program Settings (software option)
Axis locking
With this function you can lock all active axes. Then when you run a
program, the TNC does not move any of the axes you locked.

When you activate this function, ensure that the positions

of the locked axes cannot cause any collisions.

 In the global program settings form, move the cursor to LOCK

ON/OFF, and use the SPACE key to activate the function
 With the downward arrow key, set the cursor to the axis that you
want to lock
 Press the SPACE key to lock the axis. Pressing the SPACE key again
cancels the function
If you work with a mouse, you can select the desired axis directly by
clicking it.

Superimposed rotation
With the superimposed rotation function you can define any rotation
of the coordinate system in the presently active working plane.

The superimposed rotation defined in the form works in

addition to the values already defined in the program
through Cycle 10 (rotation).
Remember that you may have to return to the contour
after activation of this function. The TNC then
automatically calls the return-to-contour menu after the
form is closed (see "Returning to the contour" on page
657).

Feed rate override

With the feed rate override function, you can decrease or increase the
programmed feed rate by a percentage. The input range is 1% to
1000%.

Remember that the TNC always applies the feed rate

factor to the current feed rate, which you may already
have changed through the feed rate override.

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11.5 Global Program Settings (software option)

Handwheel superimposition
The handwheel superimposition function enables you to use the
handwheel to move the axes while the TNC is running a program. If
the"Tilt the working plane" function is active, you can select via check
1 2
box whether you want to traverse the tool in the machine-based
coordinate system or in the tilted input coordinate system:
 Traverse in the machine-based coordinate system 1:
The TNC moves the tool in the machine-based coordinate system,
i.e. always parallel to the machine axes X, Y or Z. While doing so, the
TNC does not take any basic rotation or active coordinate
transformations into account.
 Traverse in the tilted coordinate system 2:
If the function for tilting the working plane (PLANE) is active, the TNC
moves the tool in the tilted working plane defined in PLANE.
In the Max. val. column you define the maximum distance by which
you can move the axis by handwheel. As soon as you interrupt the
program run (control-in-operation signal is off), the TNC shows the
distances actually moved in each axis in the actual value column. The
actual value remains saved until you delete it, even after a power
interruption. You can also edit the actual value. If required, the TNC
decreases the value that you entered to the respective Max. val.

If an actual value is entered during activation of the

function, then when the window closes, the TNC calls the
Return to contour function to move by the defined value
(see "Returning to the contour" on page 657).
The TNC overwrites a maximum traverse distance, already
defined in the NC program with M118 by the value entered
in the form. In turn, the TNC enters distances that have
already been traversed with the handwheel using M118 in
the actual value column of the form so that there is no
jump in the display during activation. If the distance
already traversed with M118 is greater than the maximum
permissible value in the form, then when the window
closes the TNC calls the "return to contour" function in
order to move by the difference value (see "Returning to
the contour" on page 657).
If you try to enter a actual value greater than the max.
value, the TNC shows an error message. Never enter an
actual value greater that the Max. value.

434 Programming: Special Functions

 11.5 Global Program Settings (software option)
Virtual axis VT

To be able to traverse with the handwheel in the virtual

axis direction VT you have to enable M128 or FUNCTION
TCPM.
You can only move with handwheel superimpositioning in
the virtual axis direction if DCM is inactive.

You can also carry out handwheel superimpositioning in the currently

active tool axis direction. You can use the virtual tool axis line (VT) for
this.
Values traversed with the handwheel in a virtual axis remain active in
the default setting even after a tool change. Using the Reset VT value
function you can specify that the TNC resets to values traversed in VT
upon tool change:
 In the global program settings form, move the cursor to Reset VT
value and use the SPACE key to activate the function
You can select the VT axis via a HR 5xx handwheel in order to traverse
with superimpositioning in the virtual axis direction (see "Selecting the
axis to be moved" on page 574). Working with the virtual VT axis is
particularly convenient with the HR 550 FS wireless handwheel (see
"Traversing with electronic handwheels" on page 569).
The TNC also shows the path traversed in the virtual axis in the
additional status display (POS tab) in the separate VT position display.

Your machine tool builder can provide functions with

which the procedure can be influenced by the PLC in the
virtual axis direction.

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11.5 Global Program Settings (software option)

Limit plane
The Limit Plane function provided by the TNC is a powerful function
for different applications. This function makes it especially easy for
you to realize the following machining operations:
 Avoiding limit switch messages:
NC programs created in CAM systems often output safety
positioning movements near the limit switch range of a specific
machine. If you need to change to a smaller machine on short
notice, these positioning blocks result in interruptions of program
run. The Limit Plane function enables you to limit the traverse range
of a smaller machine so that limit switch messages are no longer
generated.
 Machining definable ranges:
During repair work that is often limited to a small range the Limit
Plane function enables you to quickly and easily define the range
with graphic support. The TNC then only machines within the
defined range.
 Machining at limit height:
The definition of a limit plane in the tool-axis direction enables you—
if only the finishing contour is available, for example—to simulate
infeeds in the negative direction by moving the limit multiple times.
The TNC executes machining operations that are defined outside
the limit, but the tool is kept at the defined limit in the tool-axis
direction.

436 Programming: Special Functions

 11.5 Global Program Settings (software option)
Description of function

Danger of collision!
Please note that the definition of one or more limit planes
will result in positioning movements that are not defined
in the NC program, and therefore cannot be simulated!
Use the Limit Plane function only in conjunction with
straight-line blocks. The TNC does not monitor any circular
movements!
For mid-program startup at a position outside the active
traverse range, the TNC positions the tool to the position
at which it would leave the defined traverse range.
If the tool is located at a position outside the traverse
range when a cycle is called, then the cycle will not be
executed!
The TNC executes all miscellaneous functions M that are
defined outside the traverse range in the NC program.
This also applies to PLC positioning movements or
traverse commands from NC macros.
The limit plane function is also active in MDI mode.

The functions for defining the limit plane are available in the Global
Program Settings form on the Limit plane tab. Once you enabled the
Limit Plane function (On/Off checkbox) and selected a checkbox to
activate an axis range, the TNC graphically displays this plane on the
right side of the screen. The green cuboid represents your machine's
traverse range.
The TNC provides the functions described below:
 Coordinate system section:
Here you specify the coordinate system on which the data entered
in the Limit values range is to be based.
 Machine coordinate system:
Limit values are based on the machine coordinate system (M91
system)
 Workpiece coordinate system:
Limit values are based on the workpiece coordinate system. The
workpiece coordinate system is based on the datum set on the
workpiece without consideration of a defined basic rotation and
without consideration of any active coordinate transformations.
 Input coordinate system:
Limit values are based on the input coordinate system. The input
coordinate system coincides with the workpiece coordinate
system if no coordinate transformations are active. If any
coordinate transformations (basic rotation, datum shift, mirroring,
rotation, scaling, tilted working plane) are active, the input
coordinate system differs from the workpiece coordinate system
correspondingly.

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  Limit values range:
11.5 Global Program Settings (software option)

Here you define the actual limit values. You can define a minimum
and maximum limit plane for every axis. You also need to select a
checkbox to activate the function for the respective axis.
 X Min:
Minimum value of the limit plane in X direction in mm or inches
 X Max:
Maximum value of the limit plane in X direction in mm or inches
 Y Min:
Minimum value of the limit plane in Y direction in mm or inches
 Y Max:
Maximum value of the limit plane in Z direction in mm or inches
 Z Min:
Minimum value of the limit plane in Z direction in mm or inches
 Z Max:
Maximum value of the limit plane in Z direction in mm or inches
 Z-limit mode range:
Here you specify how the TNC is to behave at a limit plane in the
tool-axis direction.
 Hide machining:
The TNC stops the tool at the position where it reaches the
minimum axis limit in tool-axis direction. If a set-up clearance is
defined, the TNC retracts the tool by the respective value. As soon
as a position is within the permissible traverse range again, the
TNC positions the tool to this position using positioning logic and
takes the approach clearance into account if defined.
 Move the Z axis:
The TNC stops movements in the direction of the negative tool
axis, but it executes all movements outside the limit in the
machining plane. As soon as the position in the tool axis is within
the traverse range again, the TNC continues moving the tool as
programmed. Function not available for movement in the positive
tool-axis direction

438 Programming: Special Functions

 Additional data range:

11.5 Global Program Settings (software option)

 Lift-off height:
Set-up clearance by which the TNC moves the tool in the direction
of the positive tool axis if a position exceeds a limit plane. Effect
of the value is incremental. If you have entered 0 here, the tool
stops at the point of exit.
 Approach clearance:
Advance stop distance to which the TNC positions the tool once
the tool has returned to within the traverse range. The effect of
the value is incremental on the point of reentry.

Positioning logic
The TNC uses the following positioning logic to move between the
point of exit and the point of reentry:
 If defined, the TNC retracts the tool by the lift-off height in the
positive machine-axis direction. If tilting of the working plane is
active, (PLANE function), the TNC retracts the tool in the active tool-
axis direction by the Lift-off height.
 Then the TNC positions the tool on a straight line to the point of
reentry. If defined, the TNC moves the point of reentry by the
Approach clearance in the positive tool-axis direction.
 Then the TNC moves the tool to the point of reentry and continues
running the program

Danger of collision!
Please note that with M128 (FUNCTION TCPM) active and
tilted head axes, the TNC always retracts the tool in the
machine axis Z by the Lift-off height.

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11.6 Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—software option)

11.6 Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—

software option)
Application

The AFC feature must be enabled and adapted by the

machine tool builder. Refer to your machine manual.
Your machine tool builder may also have specified
whether the TNC uses the spindle power or any other
value as the input value for the feed control.

Adaptive feed control is not intended for tools with

diameters less than 5 mm. This limit diameter might also
be greater if the spindle’s rated power is very high.
Do not work with adaptive feed control in operations in
which the feed rate and spindle speed must be adapted to
each other, such as tapping.

In adaptive feed control the TNC automatically controls the feed rate
during program run as a function of the current spindle power
consumption. The spindle power required for each machining step is
to be recorded in a teach-in cut and saved by the TNC in a file
belonging to the part program. When each machining step is started,
which is normally when the spindle is switched on, the TNC controls
the feed rate so that it remains within the limits that you have defined.
This makes it possible to avoid negative effects on the tool, the
workpiece, and the machine that might be caused by changing cutting
conditions. Cutting conditions are changed particularly by:
 Tool wear
 Fluctuating cutting depths that occur especially with cast parts
 Fluctuating hardness caused by material flaws
Adaptive feed control (AFC) offers the following benefits:
 Optimization of machining time
By controlling the feed rate, the TNC tries to maintain the recorded
maximum spindle power during the entire machining time. It
shortens the machining time by increasing the feed rate in
machining zones with little material removal.
 Tool monitoring
If the spindle power exceeds the recorded maximum value, the TNC
decreases the feed rate until the reference spindle power is
reattained. If the maximum spindle power is exceeded during
machining and at the same time the feed rate falls below the
minimum that you defined, the TNC reacts by shutting down. This
helps to prevent further damage after a tool breaks or is worn out.
 Protection of the machine's mechanical elements
Timely feed rate reduction and shutdown responses help to avoid
machine overload

440 Programming: Special Functions

 11.6 Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—software option)
Defining the AFC basic settings
You enter the settings for the TNC feed rate control in the table
AFC.TAB, which must be saved in the root directory TNC:\.
The data in this table are default values that were copied during a
teach-in cut into a file belonging to the respective program and serve
as the basis for control. The following data are to be defined in this
table:

Column Function
NR Consecutive line number in the table (has no further
functions)

Adaptive Name of the control setting. You enter this name in the
Feed AFC column of the tool table. It specifies the
Control assignment of control parameters to the tool.
(AFC)

FMIN Feed rate at which the TNC is to conduct a shutdown

response. Enter the value in percent with respect to
the programmed feed rate. Input range: 50 to 100%

FMAX Maximum feed rate in the material up to which the TNC

can automatically increase the feed rate. Enter the
value in percent of the programmed feed rate.

FIDL Feed rate for traverse when the tool is not cutting.
Enter the value in percent of the programmed feed
rate.

FENT Feed rate for traverse when the tool moves into or out
of the material. Enter the value in percent with respect
to the programmed feed rate. Maximum input value:
100%

OVLD Desired reaction of the TNC to overload:

 M: Execution of a macro defined by the machine tool
builder
 S: Immediate NC stop
 F: NC stop if the tool has been retracted
 E: Just display an error message on the screen
 -: No overload reaction
The TNC conducts a shutdown response if the
maximum spindle power is exceeded for more than
one second and at the same time the feed rate falls
below the minimum you defined. Enter the desired
function via the ASCII keyboard.

POUT Spindle power at which the TNC is to detect tool exit

from the workpiece. Enter the value in percent of the
learned reference load. Recommended input value:
8%

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11.6 Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—software option)

Column Function
SENS Sensitivity (aggressiveness) of regulation. A value
between 50 and 200 can be entered. 50 is for slow
control, 200 for a very aggressive control. An
aggressive control reacts quickly and with strong
changes to the values, but it tends to overshoot.
Recommended value: 100

PLC Value that the TNC is to transfer to the PLC at the

beginning of a machining step. The machine tool
builder defines the function, so refer to your machine
manual.

In the AFC.TAB table you can define as many control

settings (lines) as desired.
If there is no AFC.TAB table in the TNC:\ directory, the
TNC uses permanently defined internal control settings for
the teach-in cut. It is best, however, to work with the
AFC.TAB table.

Proceed as follows to create the AFC.TAB file (only necessary if the

file does not yet exist):
 Select the Programming and Editing mode of operation
 Call the file manager: Press the PGM MGT key
 Select the TNC:\ directory
 Make the new file AFC.TAB and confirm with the ENT key: The TNC
shows a list of table formats
 Select the AFC.TAB table format and confirm with the ENT key: The
TNC creates a table with the Standard control settings

442 Programming: Special Functions

 11.6 Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—software option)
Recording a teach-in cut
The TNC provides several cycles that enable you start and stop a
teach-in step:
 FUNCTION AFC CUT BEGIN TIME1 DIST2 LOAD3: The TNC starts a
sequence of cuts with active AFC. The switch from the teach-in cut
to closed-loop mode begins as soon as the reference load was
determined in the teach-in phase, or once one of the conditions
TIME, DIST, or LOAD is fulfilled. With TIME you define the maximum
duration in seconds of the teach-in phase. DIST defines the
maximum distance for the teach-in cut. With LOAD you can set a
reference load directly. The entries in TIME, DIST, and LOAD are
modally effective. You can reset the respective function by
programming it again with the value 0.
 FUNCTION AFC CUT END: The AFC CUT END function deactivates AFC
control
 FUNCTION AFC CTRL: The function AFC CTRL activates closed-loop
mode starting with this block, even if the learning phase has not
been completed yet.
To program the AFC functions for starting and ending the teach in cut,
proceed as follows:
 In the Programming mode, press the SPEC FCT key
 Press the PROGRAM FUNCTIONS soft key
 Press the FUNCTION AFC soft key
 Select the function
With a teach-in cut the TNC firstly copies the basic settings defined in
the AFC.TAB table into the file <name>.H.AFC.DEP for each machining
step. <name> is the name of the NC program for which you have
recorded the teach-in cut. In addition, the TNC measures the
maximum spindle power consumed during the teach-in cut and saves
this value in the table.

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11.6 Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—software option)

Each line in the <name>.H.AFC.DEP file stands for a machining section,

which you start with FUNCTION AFC CUT BEGIN and complete with
FUNCTION AFC CUT END. You can edit all data of the <name>.H.AFC.DEP
file if you wish to optimize them. If you have optimized the values in
comparison with the values in the AFC.TAB table, the TNC places an
asterisk * in front of the control settings in the AFC column. Besides
the data from the AFC.TAB table (see "Defining the AFC basic settings"
on page 441), the TNC saves the following additional information in the
<name>.H.AFC.DEP file:

Column Function
NR Number of the machining step

TOOL Number or name of the tool with which the machining

step was made (not editable)

IDX Index of the tool with which the machining step was
performed (not editable)

N Difference for tool call:

 0: Tool was called by its tool number
 1: Tool was called by its tool name

PREF Reference load of the spindle. The TNC measures the

value in percent with respect to the rated power of the
spindle

ST Status of the machining step:

 L: In the next program run, a teach-in cut is recorded
for this machining step. The TNC overwrites any
existing values in this line
 C: The teach-in cut was completed successfully. The
next program run can be conducted with automatic
feed control

Adaptive Name of the control setting

Feed
Control
(AFC)

444 Programming: Special Functions

 11.6 Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—software option)
Remember the following before you record a teach-in cut:
 If required, adapt the control settings in the AFC.TAB table
 Enter the desired control setting for all tools in the AFC column of the
tool table TOOL.T
 Select the program for teach-in
 Activate the adaptive feed control by soft key (see
"Activating/deactivating AFC" on page 447)

When you are performing a teach-in cut, the TNC shows

the spindle reference power determined until this time in
a pop-up window.
You can reset the reference power at any time by pressing
the PREF RESET soft key. The TNC then restarts the
learning phase.
When you record a teach-in cut, the TNC internally sets
the spindle override to 100%. Then you can no longer
change the spindle speed.
During the teach-in cut, you can influence the measured
reference load by using the feed rate override to make any
changes to the contouring feed rate.
You do not have to run the entire machining step in
learning mode. If the cutting conditions do not change
significantly, you can switch to the control mode
immediately. Press the EXIT LEARNING soft key, and the
status changes from L to C.
You can repeat a teach-in cut as often as desired. Manually
change the status from ST back to L. It may be necessary
to repeat the teach-in cut if the programmed feed rate is
far too fast, and forces you to sharply decrease the feed
rate override during the machining step.
The TNC changes the status from teach-in (L) to controlling
(C) only when the recorded reference load is greater than
2%. Adaptive feed control is not possible for smaller
values.

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11.6 Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—software option)

Proceed as follows to select and, if required, edit the

<name>.H.AFC.DEP file:
 Select the Program Run, Full Sequence operating
mode

 Shift the soft-key row

 Select the table of AFC settings

 Make optimizations if required

Note that the <name>.H.AFC.DEP file is locked against

editing as long as the NC program <name>.H is running. The
TNC then displays the data in the table in red.
The TNC removes the editing lock if one of the following
functions has been executed:
 M02
 M30
 END PGM

You can also edit the <name>.H.AFC.DEP file in the Programming and
Editing mode of operation. If necessary, you can even delete a
machining step (entire line) there.

In order to edit the <name>.H.AFC.DEP file, you must first

set the file manager so that the TNC can display
dependent files (see "Configuring PGM MGT" on page
679).

446 Programming: Special Functions

 11.6 Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—software option)
Activating/deactivating AFC
 Select the Program Run, Full Sequence operating
mode

 Shift the soft-key row

 To activate the adaptive feed control: Set the soft key

to ON, and the TNC displays the AFC symbol in the
position display (see "Status displays" on page 85)
 To deactivate the adaptive feed control: Set the soft
key to OFF

The adaptive feed control remains active until you

deactivate it by soft key. The TNC remembers the setting
of the soft key even if the power is interrupted.
If the adaptive feed control is active in the Control mode,
the TNC internally sets the spindle override to 100%. Then
you can no longer change the spindle speed.
If the adaptive feed control is active in the Control mode,
the TNC takes over the feed rate override function:
 If you increase the feed rate override, it has no influence
on the control.
 If you decrease the feed rate override by more than 10%
with respect to the maximum setting, the TNC switches
the adaptive feed control off. In this case the TNC
displays a window to inform you.
In NC blocks containing FMAX, the adaptive feed control is
not active.
Mid-program startup is allowed during active feed control
and the TNC takes the cut number of the startup point into
account.
In the additional status display, the TNC displays various
information when the adaptive feed control is active (see
"Adaptive Feed Control (AFC tab, software option)" on
page 94). In addition, the TNC shows the symbol in the
position display.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 447

11.6 Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—software option)

Log file
The TNC stores various pieces of information for each machining step
of a teach-in cut in the <name>.H.AFC2.DEP file. <name> is the name of
the NC program for which you have recorded the teach-in cut. During
control, the TNC updates the data and makes various evaluations. The
following data are to be saved in this table:

Column Function
NR Number of the machining step

TOOL Number or name of the tool with which the machining

step was made

IDX Index of the tool with which the machining step was
made

SNOM Nominal spindle speed [rpm]

SDIF Maximum difference of the spindle speed in % of the

nominal speed

LTIME Machining time for the teach-in cut

CTIME Machining time for the control cut

TDIFF Time difference in % between the machining time

during teach-in and control

PMAX Maximum recorded spindle power during machining.

The TNC shows the value as a percent of the spindle's
rated power.

PREF Reference load of the spindle. The TNC shows the

value as a percent of the spindle's rated power.

FMIN Smallest occurring feed factor. The TNC shows the

value as a percentage of the programmed feed rate

OVLD Reaction by the TNC to overload:

 M: A macro defined by the machine tool builder has
been run
 S: Immediate NC stop was conducted
 F: NC stop was conducted after the tool was
retracted
 E: An error message was displayed
 -: There was no overload reaction

BLOCK Block number at which the machining step begins

448 Programming: Special Functions

 11.6 Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—software option)
The TNC records the total machining time for all teach-in
cuts (LTIME), all control cuts (CTIME) and the total time
difference (TDIFF), and enters this data after the keyword
TOTAL in the last line of the log file.
The TNC can only calculate the time difference (TDIFF) if
you have completed the teach-in step. Otherwise the
column remains empty.

Proceed as follows to select the <name>.H.AFC2.DEP file:

 Select the Program Run, Full Sequence operating
mode

 Shift the soft-key row

 Select the table of AFC settings

 Show the log file

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 449

11.6 Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—software option)

Tool breakage/tool wear monitoring

This feature must be enabled and adapted by the machine

tool builder. Refer to your machine manual.

With the breakage/wear monitor, a cut-based tool breakage detection

during active AFC can be realized.
Through the functions that can be defined by the machine tool builder
you can define a percentage value for wear or breakage detection with
respect to the rated power.
When the defined limit spindle power range is not maintained, the
TNC conducts an NC stop.

Spindle load monitoring

This feature must be enabled and adapted by the machine

tool builder. Refer to your machine manual.

With the spindle load monitoring function you can easily have the
spindle load monitored in order, for example, to detect overloading the
spindle power.
The function is independent of AFC, i.e. it is not cut-based and does
not depend on teach-in steps. Through the functions that can be
defined by the machine tool builder, you only need to define the
percentage value for spindle limit power with respect to the rated
power.
When the defined limit spindle power range is not maintained, the
TNC conducts an NC stop.

450 Programming: Special Functions

 11.7 Active Chatter Control (ACC—software option)
11.7 Active Chatter Control (ACC—
software option)
Application

The ACC feature must be enabled and adapted by the

machine tool builder. Refer to your machine manual.

Strong forces come into play during roughing (power milling).

Depending on the tool spindle speed, the resonances in the machine
tool and the chip volume (metal-removal rate during milling), the tool
can sometimes begin to “chatter.” This chattering places heavy strain
on the machine, and causes ugly marks on the workpiece surface. The
tool, too, is subject to heavy and irregular wear from chattering. In
extreme cases it can result in tool breakage.
To reduce the inclination to chattering, HEIDENHAIN now offers an
effective antidote with ACC (Active Chatter Control). The use of this
control function is particularly advantageous during heavy cutting. ACC
makes substantially higher metal removal rates possible. This makes
it possible to increase your metal removal rate by up to 25 % and
more, depending on the type of machine. You reduce the mechanical
load on the machine and increase the life of your tools at the same
time.

Please note that ACC was developed especially for heavy

cutting and is particularly effective in this area. You need
to conduct appropriate tests to ensure whether ACC is
also advantageous during standard roughing.

Activating/deactivating ACC
In order to activate ACC you need to set the column ACC to 1, and enter
the number of tool teeth in the CUT. column. Other settings are not
required. If ACC is active, the TNC shows a corresponding symbol in
the position display.
In order to deactivate ACC, you need to set the column ACC to 0.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 451

11.8 Generating a backward program

11.8 Generating a backward

program
Function
With this TNC function you can reverse the machining direction of a
contour.

Note that the TNC may need many times more free
memory space on the hard disk than the size of the
program file to be converted.

 Select the program whose machining direction you

want to reverse
 Select the special functions

 Select the programming aids

 Select the soft-key row with functions for converting

programs
 Generate a forward and backward program

The name of the file created by the TNC consists of the

old file name and the extension _rev. Example:
 File name of the program whose machining direction is
to be reversed: CONT1.H
 File name of the backward program to be generated by
the TNC: CONT1_rev.h
To be able to generate a backward program, the TNC
must first generate a linearized forward program, i.e. a
program in which all contour elements are resolved. This
program is also executable and has the file name
extension _fwd.h.

452 Programming: Special Functions

 11.8 Generating a backward program
Prerequisites for the program to be converted
The TNC reverses the sequence of all positioning blocks in the
program. The following functions are not taken into the backward
program:
 Definition of workpiece blank
 Tool calls
 Coordinate transformation cycles
 Fixed cycles and probing cycles
 Cycle calls CYCL CALL, CYCL CALL PAT, CYCL CALL POS
 Miscellaneous (M) FUNCTIONS
HEIDENHAIN therefore recommends converting only programs
containing a pure contour description. All path functions available on
the TNC are permitted, including FK blocks. RND and CHF blocks are
moved by the TNC so that they can be executed again at the correct
position on the contour.
The TNC also calculates the radius compensation for the other
direction.

If the program included contour approach and departure

functions (APPR/DEP/RND), check the backward program
with the programming graphics. Certain geometric
conditions might result in incorrect contours.
The program to be converted must not contain any NC
blocks with M91 or M92.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 453

11.8 Generating a backward program

Application example
The contour CONT1.H is to be milled in several infeeds. The TNC
generates the forward file CONT1_fwd.h and the backward file
CONT1_rev.h.

NC blocks
...
5 TOOL CALL 12 Z S6000 Tool call
6 L Z+100 R0 FMAX Retract in the tool axis
7 L X-15 Y-15 R0 F MAX M3 Pre-position in the plane, spindle on
8 L Z+0 R0 F MAX Approach the starting point in the tool axis
9 LBL 1 Set a mark
10 L IZ-2.5 F1000 Infeed depth in incremental values
11 CALL PGM CONT1_FWD.H Call the forward program
12 L IZ-2.5 F1000 Infeed depth in incremental values
13 CALL PGM CONT1_REV.H Call backward program
14 CALL LBL 1 REP3 Repeat program part three times starting with block
9
15 L Z+100 R0 F MAX M2 Retract tool, end of program

454 Programming: Special Functions

 11.9 Filtering contours (FCL 2 function)
11.9 Filtering contours (FCL 2
function)
Function
With this TNC function you can filter contours that were created on
offline programming stations and contain only straight line segments.
The filter smoothes the contour, which usually results in faster
machining with less jerk.
After you have entered the filter settings, the TNC generates a new
program, with filtered contours, from the original program.
 Select the program you want to filter

 Select the special functions

 Select the programming aids

 Select the soft-key row with functions for converting

programs
 Select the filter function: The TNC opens a pop-up
window for the definition of the filter settings
 Enter the length of the filter range in mm (inches for
inch programs). Starting from the point in question,
the filter range defines the actual length on the
contour (before and after the point) within which the
TNC is to filter the points. Confirm with the ENT key
 Enter the maximum permitted path deviation in mm
(inches for inch programs). Confirm the tolerance
value, which is the most that the contour may deviate
from the original contour, with the ENT key

You can only filter plain-language programs. The TNC

does not support filtering of DIN/ISO programs.
Depending on the filter settings, the newly generated file
may contain significantly more points (straight-line blocks)
than the original file.
The maximum permitted path deviation should not
exceed the actual point separation, otherwise the TNC
linearizes the contour excessively.
The program to be filtered must not contain any NC blocks
with M91 or M92.
The name of the file created by the TNC consists of the
old file name plus the extension _flt. Example:
 File name of the program whose machining direction is
to be filtered: CONT1.H
 File name of the filtered program generated by the TNC:
CONT1_flt.h

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 455

11.10 File functions

11.10 File functions

Application
The FILE FUNCTION features are used to copy, move and delete files
from within the part program.

You must not use FILE functions on programs or files, to

which you have previously made reference with functions
such as CALL PGM or CYCL DEF 12 PGM CALL.

Defining file functions

 Press the special functions key

 Select the program functions

 Select the file functions: The TNC displays the

available functions

Function Meaning Soft key

FILE COPY Copy a file:
Enter the name and path of the file to
be copied, as well as the target path.

FILE MOVE Move a file:

Enter the path of the file to be moved,
as well as the target path.

FILE DELETE Delete a file:

Enter the path and name of the file to
be deleted.

456 Programming: Special Functions

 11.11 Defining coordinate transformations
11.11 Defining coordinate
transformations
Overview
As an alternative to the coordinate transformation Cycle 7 DATUM
SHIFT, you can use the TRANS DATUM plain-language function. Just as
in Cycle 7, you can use TRANS DATUM to directly program shift values or
activate a line from a selectable datum table. In addition, there is also
the TRANS DATUM RESET function, which you can easily use to reset a
datum shift.

TRANS DATUM AXIS

You can define a datum shift by entering values in the respective axes Beispiel: NC block
with the TRANS DATUM AXIS function. You can define up to nine
coordinates in one block, and incremental entries are possible. 13 TRANS DATUM AXIS X+10 Y+25 Z+42
Proceed as follows for the definition:
 Show the soft-key row with special functions

 Select the menu for defining various plain-language

functions
 Select transformations

 Select datum shifting with TRANS DATUM

 Enter the datum shift in the affected axes, confirming
with the ENT key each time

Values entered as absolute values refer to the workpiece

datum, which is specified either by datum setting or with
a preset from the preset table.
Incremental values always refer to the datum which was
last valid (this may be a datum which has already been
shifted).

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 457

11.11 Defining coordinate transformations

TRANS DATUM TABLE

You can define a datum shift by selecting a datum number from a Beispiel: NC block
datum table with the TRANS DATUM TABLE function. Proceed as follows
for the definition: 13 TRANS DATUM TABLE TABLINE25

 Show the soft-key row with special functions

 Select the menu for defining various plain-language

functions
 Select transformations

 Select datum shifting with TRANS DATUM

 Select datum shifting with TRANS DATUM TABLE

 Enter the line number to be activated by the TNC, and
confirm with the ENT key
 If desired, enter the name of the datum table from
which you want to activate the datum number, and
confirm with the ENT key. If you do not want to define
a datum table, confirm with the NO ENT key

If you have selected a datum table in the TRANS DATUM

TABLE block, then the TNC uses the programmed line
number only until the next call of a datum number
(blockwise effective datum shift).
If you did not define a table in the TRANS DATUM TABLE
block, then the TNC uses the datum table already selected
in the NC program with SEL TABLE or the datum table with
status M selected in one of the Program Run modes.

458 Programming: Special Functions

 11.11 Defining coordinate transformations
TRANS DATUM RESET
Use the TRANS DATUM RESET function to cancel a datum shift. How you Beispiel: NC block
previously defined the datum is irrelevant. Proceed as follows for the
definition: 13 TRANS DATUM RESET

 Show the soft-key row with special functions

 Select the menu for defining various plain-language

functions
 Select transformations

 Select datum shifting with TRANS DATUM

 Press the arrow key to move to TRANS AXIS

 Select the TRANS DATUM RESET datum shift

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 459

11.11 Defining coordinate transformations

Defining a program call

Using the program selection functions you can select any NC program Beispiel: NC blocks
with the SEL PGM function and call it later with CALL SELECTED PGM. The
SEL PGM function is also permitted with string parameters, so that you 13 SEL PGM “ROT34.H“
can dynamically control program calls. 14 ...
Define the program to be called 33 CALL SELECTED PGM
 Show the soft-key row with special functions 34 ...
66 SEL PGM QS35
 Select the menu for defining various plain-language
65 CALL SELECTED PGM
functions
 Select the menu for functions for defining the
program selection
 Select the SEL PGM function: enter path names directly
or select the program via the SELECTION WINDOW
soft key. To enter a string parameter you press the Q
key and then enter the string number

Calling a selected program

 Show the soft-key row with special functions

 Select the menu for defining various plain-language

functions
 Select the menu for functions for defining the
program selection
 Select the CALL SELECTED PGM function: enter path
names directly or select the program via the
SELECTION WINDOW soft key. To enter a string
parameter you press the Q key and then enter the
string number

If you have selected a datum table in the TRANS DATUM

TABLE block, then the TNC uses the programmed line
number only until the next call of a datum number
(blockwise effective datum shift).
If you did not define a table in the TRANS DATUM TABLE
block, then the TNC uses the datum table already selected
in the NC program with SEL TABLE or the datum table with
status M selected in one of the Program Run modes.

460 Programming: Special Functions

 11.12 smartWizard
11.12 smartWizard
Application
The new smart wizard completely unifies the worlds of smarT.NC and
conversational programming. The strengths of both worlds are now
available in a single user interface. You can now combine the full
flexibility of conversational programming, based on NC blocks, at any
location with the fast, form-based workstep programming method of
smarT.NC.
Programming is significantly faster particularly in combination with SL
cycles, the DXF converter or the graphically supported definition of
any machining patterns. All other machining units available in
smarT.NC also simplify the creation of conversational programs.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 461

11.12 smartWizard

Inserting a UNIT

An overview of all the UNITs available can be found in the

smarT.NC pilot. The pilot also describes the fundamentals
of working with UNITs and how to navigate in the forms.

Note that the first UNIT in your conversational program

must always be the program header UNIT 700. All UNITs
use data from UNIT 700 as preset default values. If there
are no default values available, the TNC will display an
error message.
The UNIT numbers are based on the cycle number with
which the TNC executes the machining in each case.

 In your conversational program you select the NC block after which

you wish to insert a UNIT
 Press the special functions key

 Select smartWizard: The TNC displays a soft-key row

showing the available UNIT groups
 Using the GOTO key you display a list of all the
available UNITs or select the desired machining UNIT
via the soft-key structure: The TNC displays the form
for the selected UNIT in the right part of the screen
and in the left part you continue to see the
conversational program
 Enter all the necessary UNIT parameters, quit the
form with the END key: The TNC inserts all the
conversational program blocks belonging to the
selected UNIT

462 Programming: Special Functions

 11.12 smartWizard
Editing a UNIT
Changes can be made either in the form or directly in the appropriate
conversational program block. Here you can decide yourself which
method you prefer.
If you want to modify the conversational program block concerned,
use the arrow keys to select the value to be corrected.
If you want to make changes via the form, proceed as follows:
 Select the initial block of the UNIT you want to edit
 Use the arrow key to move the cursor to the right: The TNC opens
the form
 Make the desired changes, save the changes with the END key and
quit the form.

If you wish to discard changes and you are still editing the
form, simply press the DEL key. The TNC then resets to
the data stored before you called the form.
Once you have inserted a UNIT for the first time, you can
insert any conversational program blocks in the UNIT. If
you insert conversational program blocks later and then
make changes via the form, the TNC deletes the inserted
blocks again. In such cases you should always make the
changes via the conversational program editor.
It is not permitted to delete conversational program
blocks in the UNIT as it would lead to error messages and
incorrect machining.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 463

11.13 Creating text files

11.13 Creating text files

Application
You can use the TNC’s text editor to write and edit texts. Typical
applications:
 Recording test results
 Documenting working procedures
 Creating formula collections
Text files have the extension .A (for ASCII files). If you want to edit
other types of files, you must first convert them into type .A files.
Text files have the extension .A (for ASCII files). If you wish to edit
other files, use the additional Mousepad tool (see "Displaying or
editing text files" on page 149).

Opening and exiting text files

 Select the Programming and Editing mode of operation
 Call the file manager: Press the PGM MGT key
 Display all type .A files: Press the SELECT TYPE and then the SHOW
.A soft keys
 Select a file and open it with the SELECT soft key or ENT key, or
create a new file by entering the new file name and confirming your
entry with the ENT key
To leave the text editor, call the file manager and select a file of a
different file type, for example a part program

Cursor movements Soft key

Move cursor one word to the right

Move cursor one word to the left

Go to next screen page

Go to previous screen page

Go to beginning of file

Go to end of file

464 Programming: Special Functions

 11.13 Creating text files
Editing functions Key
Begin a new line

Erase the character to the left of the cursor

Insert a blank space

Switch between upper and lower case letters

Editing texts
The first line of the text editor is an information headline displaying the
file name, and the location and writing mode of the cursor:
File: Name of the text file
Line: Line in which the cursor is presently located
Column: Column in which the cursor is presently located
INSERT: Insert new text, pushing the existing text to the
right
OVERWRITE: Write over the existing text, erasing it by replacing
it with new text

The text is inserted or overwritten at the location of the cursor. You

can move the cursor to any desired position in the text file by pressing
the arrow keys.
The line in which the cursor is presently located is depicted in a
different color. A line can have up to 77 characters. To start a new line,
press the RET (Return) key or the ENT key.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 465

11.13 Creating text files

Deleting and re-inserting characters, words and

lines
With the text editor, you can erase words and even lines, and insert
them at any desired location in the text.
 Move the cursor to the word or line that you wish to erase and insert
at a different place in the text
 Press the DELETE WORD or DELETE LINE soft key. The text is
placed in the buffer memory
 Move the cursor to the location where you wish to insert the text,
and press the RESTORE LINE/WORD soft key

Function Soft key

Delete and temporarily store a line

Delete and temporarily store a word

Delete and temporarily store a character

Insert a line or word from temporary storage

466 Programming: Special Functions

 11.13 Creating text files
Editing text blocks
You can copy and erase text blocks of any size, and insert them at
other locations. Before any of these actions, you must first select the
desired text block:
 To select a text block, move the cursor to the first character of the
text you wish to select
 Press the MARK BLOCK soft key

 Move the cursor to the last character of the text you

wish to select. You can select whole lines by moving
the cursor up or down directly with the arrow keys—
the selected text is shown in a different color
After selecting the desired text block, you can edit the text with the
following soft keys:

Function Soft key

Delete the selected block and store temporarily

Store the selected block temporarily without

erasing (copy)

If desired, you can now insert the temporarily stored block at a

different location:
 Move the cursor to the location where you want to insert the
temporarily stored text block
 Press the INSERT BLOCK soft key for the text block
to be inserted
You can insert the temporarily stored text block as often as desired

Transferring the selected block to a different file

 Select the text block as described previously
 Press the APPEND TO FILE soft key. The TNC
displays the dialog prompt Destination file =
 Enter the path and name of the destination file. The
TNC appends the selected text to the specified file. If
no target file with the specified name is found, the
TNC creates a new file with the selected text.

To insert another file at the cursor position,

 Move the cursor to the location in the text where you wish to insert
another file
 Press the READ FILE soft key. The TNC displays the
dialog prompt File name =
 Enter the path and name of the file you want to insert

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 467

11.13 Creating text files

Finding text sections

With the text editor, you can search for words or character strings in a
text. Two functions are available:

Finding the current text

The search function is used for finding the next occurrence of the
word in which the cursor is presently located:
 Move the cursor to the desired word.
 Select the search function: Press the FIND soft key.
 Press the FIND CURRENT WORD soft key
 Exit the search function: Press the END soft key

Finding any text

 Select the search function: Press the FIND soft key. The TNC
displays the dialog prompt Find text:
 Enter the text that you wish to find
 Find the text: Press the EXECUTE soft key
 Exit the search function: Press the END soft key

468 Programming: Special Functions

 11.14 Working with cutting data tables
11.14 Working with cutting data
tables
Note

The TNC must be specially prepared by the machine tool

builder for the use of cutting data tables.
Some functions or additional functions described here
may not be provided on your machine tool. Refer to your
machine manual.

Possible applications
In cutting data tables containing various workpiece and cutting DATEI: TOOL.T MM
material combinations, the TNC can use the cutting speed VC and the T R CUT. TYP TMAT CDT
0 ... ... ... ... ...
tooth feed fZ to calculate the spindle speed S and the feed rate F. This 1 ... ... ... ... ...
2 +5 4 MILL HSS PRO1
calculation is only possible if you defined the workpiece material in the 3 ... ... ... ... ...
program and various tool-specific features in the tool table. 4 ... ... ... ... ...

Before you let the TNC automatically calculate the cutting DATEI: PRO1.CDT
NR WMAT TMAT Vc1 F1
data, the tool table from which the TNC is to take the tool- 0 ... ... ... ...
specific data must be first be activated in the Test Run 1 ... ... ... ...
2 ST65 HSS 40 0.06
mode (status S). 3 ... ... ... ...
4 ... ... ... ...

Editing function for cutting data tables Soft key

0 BEGIN PGM xxx.H MM
1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20
Insert line 2 BLK FORM 0.2 Z X+100 Y+100 Z+0
3 WMAT "ST65"
4 ...
5 TOOL CALL 2 Z S1273 F305
Delete line

Go to beginning of next line

Sort the table

Copy the highlighted field (2nd soft-key row)

Insert the copied field (2nd soft-key row)

Edit the table format (2nd soft-key row)

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 469

11.14 Working with cutting data tables

Table for workpiece materials

Workpiece materials are defined in the table WMAT.TAB (see figure).
WMAT.TAB is stored in the TNC:\ directory and can contain as many
materials as you want. The name of the material type can have up to
32 characters (including spaces). The TNC displays the contents of the
NAME column when you are defining the workpiece material in the
program (see the following section).

If you change the standard workpiece material table, you

must copy it into a new directory. Otherwise your
changes will be overwritten during a software update by
the HEIDENHAIN standard data. Define the path in the
TNC.SYS file with the code word WMAT= (see
"Configuration file TNC.SYS", page 474).
To avoid losing data, save the WMAT.TAB file at regular
intervals.

Defining the workpiece material in the NC program

In the NC program select the workpiece material from the WMAT.TAB
table using the WMAT soft key:
 Show the soft-key row with special functions

 Select the PROGRAM DEFAULTS group.

 Program the workpiece material: In the Programming

and Editing operating mode, press the WMAT soft
key.
 The WMAT.TAB table is superimposed: Press the
SELECTION WINDOW soft key, and in a second
window the TNC displays the list of materials that are
stored in the WMAT.TAB table.
 Select your workpiece material by using the arrow
keys to move the highlight onto the material you wish
to select and confirming with the ENT key. The TNC
transfers the selected material to the WMAT block.
 To terminate the dialog, press the END key

If you change the WMAT block in a program, the TNC

outputs a warning. Check whether the cutting data stored
in the TOOL CALL block are still valid.

470 Programming: Special Functions

 11.14 Working with cutting data tables
Table for tool cutting materials
Tool cutting materials are defined in the TMAT.TAB table. TMAT.TAB
is stored in the TNC:\ directory and can contain as many material
names as you want (see figure). The name of the cutting material type
can have up to 16 characters (including spaces). The TNC displays the
NAME column when you are defining the tool cutting material in the
TOOL.T tool table.

If you change the standard tool cutting material table, you

must copy it into a new directory. Otherwise your
changes will be overwritten during a software update by
the HEIDENHAIN standard data. Define the path in the
TNC.SYS file with the code word TMAT= (see
"Configuration file TNC.SYS", page 474).
To avoid losing data, save the TMAT.TAB file at regular
intervals.

Table for cutting data

Define the workpiece material/cutting material combinations with the
corresponding cutting data in a file table with the file name extension
.CDT; see figure. You can freely configure the entries in the cutting
data table. Besides the obligatory columns NR, WMAT and TMAT, the
TNC can also manage up to four cutting speed (VC) / feed rate (F)
combinations.
The standard cutting data table FRAES_2.CDT is stored in the
directory TNC:\. You can edit FRAES_2.CDT, or add as many new
cutting-data tables as you wish.

If you change the standard cutting data table, you must

copy it into a new directory. Otherwise your changes will
be overwritten during a software update by the
HEIDENHAIN standard data (see "Configuration file
TNC.SYS", page 474).
All of the cutting data tables must be stored in the same
directory. If the directory is not the standard directory
TNC:\, then behind the code word PCDT= you must enter
the path in which your cutting data is stored.
To avoid losing data, save your cutting data tables at
regular intervals.

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11.14 Working with cutting data tables

Creating a new cutting data table

 Select the Programming and Editing mode of operation
 Select the file manager: Press the PGM MGT key
 Select the directory where the cutting data table is to be stored
 Enter any file name with the file name extension .CDT, and confirm
with ENT
 On the right half of the screen, the TNC opens a standard cutting
data table or displays various table formats (machine-dependent).
These tables differ from each other in the number of cutting
speed/feed rate combinations they allow. In this case use the arrow
keys to move the highlight onto the table format you wish to select
and confirm with ENT. The TNC generates a new, empty cutting
data table

Data required for the tool table

 Tool radius—column R (DR)
 Number of teeth (only with tools for milling)—column CUT
 Tool type—column TYPE
 The tool type influences the calculation of the feed rate:
Milling tools: F = S · fZ · z
All other tools: F = S · fU
S: Spindle speed
fZ: Feed per tooth
fU: Feed per revolution
z: Number of teeth
 Tool cutting material—column TMAT
 Name of the cutting data table for which this tool will be used—
column CDT
 In the tool table, select the tool type, tool cutting material and the
name of the cutting data table via soft key (see "Tool table: Tool data
for automatic speed/feed rate calculation", page 188).

472 Programming: Special Functions

 11.14 Working with cutting data tables
Working with automatic speed / feed rate
calculation
1 If it has not already been entered, enter the type of workpiece
material in the file WMAT.TAB
2 If it has not already been entered, enter the type of cutting material
in the file TMAT.TAB
3 If not already entered, enter all of the required tool-specific data in
the tool table:
 Tool radius
 Number of teeth
 Tool type
 Tool material
 The cutting data table for each tool
4 If not already entered, enter the cutting data in any cutting data
table (CDT file).
5 Test Run operating mode: Activate the tool table from which the
TNC is to take the tool-specific data (status S).
6 In the NC program, set the workpiece material by pressing the
WMAT soft key
7 In the NC program, let the TOOL CALL block automatically calculate
the spindle speed and feed rate via soft key

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11.14 Working with cutting data tables

Data transfer from cutting data tables

If you output a file type .TAB or .CDT via an external data interface, the
TNC also transfers the structural definition of the table. The structural
definition begins with the line #STRUCTBEGIN and ends with the line
#STRUCTEND. The meanings of the individual code words are shown
in the table "Structure Command" (see "Freely definable tables", page
475). Behind #STRUCTEND the TNC saves the actual content of the
table.

Configuration file TNC.SYS

You must use the configuration file TNC.SYS if your cutting data tables
are not stored in the standard directory TNC:\. In TNC.SYS you must
then define the paths in which you have stored your cutting data
tables.

The TNC.SYS file must be stored in the root directory

TNC:\.

Entries in TNC.SYS Meaning

WMAT= Path for workpiece material table

TMAT= Path for cutting material table

PCDT= Path for cutting data tables

Example of TNC.SYS
WMAT=TNC:\CUTTAB\WMAT_GB.TAB
TMAT=TNC:\CUTTAB\TMAT_GB.TAB
PCDT=TNC:\CUTTAB\

474 Programming: Special Functions

 11.15 Freely definable tables
11.15 Freely definable tables
Fundamentals
In freely definable tables you can read and save any information from
the NC program. The Q parameter functions FN 26 to FN 28 are
provided for this purpose.
You can change the format of freely definable tables, i.e. the columns
and their properties, by using the structure editor. They enable you to
make tables that are exactly tailored to your application.
You can also switch between table view (default setting) and form
view.

Creating a freely definable table

 To call the file management, press the PGM MGT key
 Enter any file name with the TAB extension and confirm with the
ENT key. The TNC displays a pop-up window with permanently
saved table formats
 Use the arrow key to select the table format EXAMPLE.TAB and
confirm with the ENT key. The TNC opens a new table containing
only one line and one column
 To adapt the table to your requirements you have to edit the table
format (see "Editing the table format" on page 476)

If the TNC does not show a pop-up window when you

open a new .tab file, you must first use the COPY
SAMPLE FILES function to generate the table formats
(see "Copying sample files" on page 665).

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11.15 Freely definable tables

Editing the table format

 Press the EDIT FORMAT soft key (2nd soft-key level). The TNC
opens the editing window, in which the table structure is shown
rotated by 90°. In other words, a line in the editing window defines
a column in the associated table. The meanings of the structure
commands (header entries) are shown in the following table.

Structure
Meaning
command
NR Column number

NAME Column name

TYPE N: Numerical input

C: Alphanumeric input
L: Input value in long format
X: Permanently defined format for date and time:
hh:mm:ss dd.mm.yyyy

WIDTH Width of column. For type N it includes the

algebraic sign, decimal point and decimal places.
For type X you can decide through the column
width whether the TNC saves the complete date
or only the time

DEC Number of decimal places (max. 4, effective

only for type N)

ENGLISH Language-sensitive dialogs (max. 32 characters)

To
HUNGARIA

The TNC can process up to 200 characters per row, and

up to 30 columns.
If you insert a column into an existing table, the TNC does
not automatically shift the values already entered.

Exiting the structure editor

 Press the END key. The TNC changes data that was already in the
table into the new format. Elements that the TNC could not convert
into the new structure are indicated with a hash mark # (e.g., if you
have narrowed the column width).

476 Programming: Special Functions

 11.15 Freely definable tables
Switching between table and form view
All tables with the file extension .TAB can be opened in either list view
or form view.
 Press the FORM LIST soft key. The TNC switches to the view that
is not highlighted in the soft key.
In the form view the TNC lists the line numbers with the contents of
the first column in the left half of the screen.
In the right half you can change the data.
 Press the ENT or click in the input field with the mouse
 To save any data you have changed, press the END key or the SAVE
soft key
 To discard any changes, press the DEL key or the CANCEL soft key

The TNC aligns the entry fields on the right side left-
justified according to the longest dialog text. If an entry
field exceeds the greatest width that can be displayed, a
scrollbar appears at the bottom of the window. Use the
mouse or soft keys to scroll.

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11.15 Freely definable tables

FN 26: TABOPEN: Opening a freely definable

table
With FN 26: TABOPEN you can define a table to be written with FN27,
or to be read from with FN 28.

Only one table can be open in an NC program. A new block

with TABOPEN automatically closes the last opened table.
The table to be opened must have the file name extension
.TAB.

Example: Open the table TAB1.TAB, which is saved in the

directory TNC:\DIR1.
56 FN 26: TABOPEN TNC:\DIR1\TAB1.TAB

478 Programming: Special Functions

 11.15 Freely definable tables
FN 27: TABWRITE: Writing to a freely definable
table
After you have opened a table with FN 27: TABWRITE you can use the
function FN 26: TABOPEN to write to it.
You can define and write in up to 8 column names in a TABWRITE
block. The column names must be written between quotation marks
and separated by a comma. You define the values that the TNC is to
write to the respective column with Q parameters.

Note that by default the FN 27: TABWRITE function writes

values to the currently open table also in the Test Run
mode. The FN18 ID990 NR2 IDX16=1 function enables you
to query in which operating mode the program is currently
running. You can also use a query to avoid values from
being written during a test run. FN 18 ID990 returns the
value 0 if FN27 is running in the Test Run mode, and the
value 1, if it is running in one of the Program Run modes.
You can write only to numerical table fields.
If you wish to write to more than one column in a block,
you must save the values under successive Q parameter
numbers.

Example:
You wish to write to the columns “Radius,” “Depth” and “D” in line
5 of the presently opened table. The values to be written to the table
must be saved in the Q parameters Q5, Q6 and Q7.

53 FN0: Q5 = 3.75
54 FN0: Q6 = -5
55 FN0: Q7 = 7.5
56 FN 27: TABWRITE 5/“RADIUS,DEPTH,D“ = Q5

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11.15 Freely definable tables

FN 28: TABREAD: Reading a freely definable

table
After you have opened a table with FN 28: TABREAD, you can use the
function FN 26: TABOPEN to read from it.
You can define, i.e. read in, up to 8 column names in a TABREAD
block. The column names must be written between quotation marks
and separated by a comma. In the FN 28 block you can define the Q
parameter number in which the TNC is to write the value that is first
read.

You can read only numerical table fields.

If you wish to read from more than one column in a block,
the TNC will save the values under successive Q
parameter numbers.

Example:
You wish to read the values of the columns “Radius,” “Depth” and
“D” from line 6 of the presently opened table. Save the first value in
Q parameter Q10 (second value in Q11, third value in Q12).

56 FN 28: TABREAD Q10 = 6/“RADIUS,DEPTH,D“

480 Programming: Special Functions

Programming: Execution
of CAM Programs, Multi-
axis Machining
12.1 Execution of CAM programs

12.1 Execution of CAM programs

If you create NC programs externally using a CAM system, you should
pay attention to the recommendations detailed below. This will enable
you to optimally use the powerful path control of the TNC, and as a
rule create better workpiece surfaces with shorter machining times.
Especially noteworthy is that the TNC achieves very high contouring
accuracy despite the high machining speeds. The basis for this is the
HeROS 5 real-time operating system of the TNC, which is also very
good at processing NC programs with high point densities.

From 3-D model to NC program

Here is a simplified description of the process for creating an NC
program from a CAD model:
 CAD: Creation of the model
Design departments prepare a 3-D model of the workpiece to be
machined. Ideally the 3-D model is designed for the center of
tolerance.
 CAM: Path generation, tool compensation
The CAM programmer specifies the machining strategies for the
areas of the workpiece to be machined. The CAM system uses the
surfaces of the CAD model to calculate the paths of the tool
movements. These tool paths consist of individual points calculated
by the CAM system so that each surface to be machined is
approximated as nearly as possible while considering chord errors
and tolerances. This way, a machine-neutral NC program is created,
known as a CLDATA file (cutter location data). A postprocessor
adapted to the machine and control generates a machine- and
control-specific NC program, which can be processed by the
numerical control, from the CLDATA. The post processor is the link
between the CAM system and the CNC control.
 TNC: Motion control, tolerance monitoring, velocity profile
The TNC uses the points defined in the NC program to calculate the
motions of each machine axes as well as the required velocity
profiles. Powerful filter functions then process and smooth the
contour so that the TNC does not exceed the maximum permissible
path deviation.
 Mechatronics: Feed rate control, drive technology, machine
The motions and velocity profiles calculated by the TNC are realized
as actual movements of the tool by the machine’s drive system.

482 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.1 Execution of CAM programs
Please note for the configuration of the post
processor
 Always set the data output for axis positions to exactly four decimal Beispiel: NC blocks with variable feed-rate
places. This way you improve the quality of the NC data and avoid definitions
rounding errors, which can result in defects visible to the naked eye
on the workpiece surface 1 Q50 = 7500 ; POSITION FEED RATE
 Always set the data output for the machining of surface normal 2 Q51 = 750 ; FEED RATE FOR PLUNGING
vectors (LN blocks, see "Three-dimensional tool compensation
3 Q52 = 1350 ; FEED RATE FOR MILLING
(software option 2)", page 529) to exactly seven decimal places
 Set the tolerance in Cycle 32 so that in standard behavior it is at least ...
twice as large as the chord error defined in the CAM system Also ...
pay attention to the description of functions for Cycle 32 in the
“Cycles: Special Functions” chapter of the Cycle Programming 25 L Z+250 R0 FMAX
User's Manual 26 L X+235 Y-25 FQ50
 If the chord error selected in the CAM program is too large, then, 27 L Z+35.5
depending on the respective curvature of a contour, large distances
between NC blocks can result, each with large changes of direction. 28 L Z+33.2571 FQ51
During machining this leads to drops in the feed rate at the block 26 L X+231.7562 Y-24.9573 Z+33.3978 FQ52
transitions. Recurring and equal accelerations (i.e. force excitation),
caused by feed-rate drops in the heterogeneous NC program, can ...
lead to undesirable excitation of vibrations in the machine structure.
 You can also use arc blocks instead of linear blocks to connect the
path points calculated by the CAM system. The TNC internally
calculates circles more exactly than can be defined via the input
format
 Do not output any intermediate points on exactly straight lines.
Intermediate points that are not exactly on a straight line can result
in defects visible to the naked eye on the workpiece surface
 There should be exactly one NC data point at curvature transitions
(corners)
 Avoid sequences of many short block paths. Short paths between
blocks are generated in the CAM system when there are large
curvature transitions with very small chord errors in effect. Exactly
straight lines do not require such short block paths, which are often
forced by the continuous output of points from the CAM system
 Avoid a perfectly even distribution of points over surfaces with a
uniform curvature, since this could result in patterns on the
workpiece surface
 For 5-axis simultaneous programs: avoid the duplicated output of
positions if they only differ in the tool’s angle of inclination
 Avoid the output of the feed rate in every NC block. This would
negatively influence the TNC’s velocity profile

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  Other useful post-processor configurations for the machine tool
12.1 Execution of CAM programs

operator:
 Separate feed rates for pre-positioning, machining, and
downfeeds, and define them via Q parameters at the beginning of
the program (see example)
 In order to improve the structure of large NC programs, use the
TNC’s structuring function: See "Structuring programs" on page
158
 Use the TNC’s commenting function in order to document NC
programs: See "Adding comments" on page 156
 Use the comprehensive cycles of the TNC available for the
machining of drill holes and simple pocket geometries: See the
Cycle Programming User's Manual
 For fits, output the contours with RL/RR tool radius compensation:
See "Tool radius compensation" on page 215. This makes it easy
for the machine operator to make necessary compensations

484 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.1 Execution of CAM programs
Please note the following for CAM programming

When defining roughing operations, make sure that the CAM PP TNC
sum of the chord error defined in the CAM system and
the tolerance from Cycle 32 is less than the defined S
machining oversize. This ensures that no contour gouging

T
will occur.
When defining finishing operations, make sure that the
chord error defined in the CAM system is not set to
greater than 5 µm. In Cycle 32, use the appropriate
tolerance factor T of 1.3 to 5. Z

 How to adapt the chord error in the CAM program, depending on the
machining:
X
 Roughing with a preference to speed
Use higher values for the chord error and the appropriate
tolerance in Cycle 32. Both values depend on the oversize
required on the contour. Typical values for the tolerance in Cycle
32 are between 0.05 mm and 0.3 mm. A typical chord error in the
CAM program is between 0.004 mm and 0.030 mm. If a special
cycle is available on your machine, use the roughing mode. In
roughing mode the machine generally moves with high jerk values
and high accelerations
 Finishing with a preference to high accuracy
Use smaller values for the chord error and an appropriately small
tolerance in Cycle 32. The data density must be high enough for
the TNC to detect transitions and corners exactly. Typical values
for the tolerance in Cycle 32 are between 0.002 mm and
0.006 mm. A typical chord error in the CAM program is between
0.001 mm and 0.004 mm. If a special cycle is available on your
machine, use the finishing mode. In finishing mode the machine
generally moves with low jerk values and low accelerations
 Finishing with a preference to high surface definition
Use smaller values for the chord error and an appropriately large
tolerance in Cycle 32. The TNC then smoothes the contour more
exactly. Typical values for the tolerance in Cycle 32 are between
0.010 mm and 0.020 mm. Do not define the chord error in the
CAM program to a value greater than 0.005 mm. If a special cycle
is available on your machine, use the finishing mode. In finishing
mode the machine generally moves with low jerk values and low
accelerations

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  For slow machining feed rates or contours with large radii, define
12.1 Execution of CAM programs

the chord error to be only one-third to one-fifth of the tolerance T in

Cycle 32. Additionally, define the maximum permissible point
spacing to be between 0.25 mm and 0.5 mm
 Even at higher machining feed rates, point spacings of greater than
2.5 mm are not recommended for curved contour areas
 For straight contour elements, one NC point at the beginning of a
line and one NC point at the end suffice. Avoid the output of
intermediate positions
 In programs with five axes moving simultaneously, avoid large
changes in the ratio of path lengths in linear and rotational blocks.
Otherwise large reductions in the feed rate could result at the tool
reference point (TCP)
 The feed-rate limitation for compensating movements (e.g. via M128
F..., see "Maintaining the position of the tool tip when positioning
with tilted axes (TCPM): M128 (software option 2)", page 524)
should be used only in exceptional cases. The feed-rate limitation for
compensating movements can cause large reductions in the feed
rate at the tool reference point (TCP).
 NC programs for 5-axis simultaneous machining with spherical
cutters should preferably be output for the center of the sphere. The
NC data are then generally more consistent. Additionally, n Cycle 32
you can set a higher rotational axis tolerance TA (e.g. between one
and two degrees) for an even more constant feed-rate curve at the
tool reference point (TCP)
 For NC programs for 5-axis simultaneous machining with toroid
cutters or radius cutters where the NC output is for the south pole
of the sphere, choose a lower rotational axis tolerance 0.1° is a
typical value. However, the maximum permissible contour damage
is the decisive factor for the rotational axis tolerance. This contour
damage, in turn, depends on the possible inclination of the tool, the
tool radius, and the engagement depth of the tool. For 5-axis
hobbing with an end mill you can calculate the maximum
permissible contour damage T directly from the cutter engagement
length L and the permitted contour tolerance TA:
T ~ K x L x TA K = 0.0175 [1/°]
Example: L = 10 mm, TA = 0.1°: T = 0.0175 mm

486 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.1 Execution of CAM programs
Possibilities for user intervention on the TNC
Cycle 32 TOLERANCE is available for the influencing of CAM programs Beispiel: NC blocks for Cycle 32
directly on the TNC. Pay attention to the description of functions for
Cycle 32 in the “Cycles: Special Functions” chapter of the Cycle 95 CYCL DEF 32.0 TOLERANCE
Programming User's Manual. Also note the interactions with the 96 CYCL DEF 32.1 T0.05
chord error defined in the CAM system, see "Please note the following
for CAM programming", page 485. 97 CYCL DEF 32.2 HSC-MODE:1 TA3

Some machine tool builders provide an additional cycle for

adapting the behavior of the machine to the respective
machining operation, such as Cycle 332 Tuning. Cycle
332 can be used to modify filter settings, acceleration
settings, and jerk settings. Your machine manual provides
more detailed information.

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12.2 Functions for multiple axis machining

12.2 Functions for multiple axis

machining
The TNC functions for multiple axis machining are described in this
chapter.

TNC function Description Page

PLANE Define machining in the tilted working plane Page 489

PLANE/M128 Inclined-tool machining Page 512

FUNCTION TCPM Define the behavior of the TNC when positioning the rotary axes (improvement of Page 514
M128)

M116 Feed rate of rotary axes Page 519

M126 Shortest-path traverse of rotary axes Page 520

M94 Reduce display value of rotary axes Page 521

M114 Define the behavior of the TNC when positioning the rotary axes Page 522

M128 Define the behavior of the TNC when positioning the rotary axes Page 524

M134 Exact stop for positioning with rotary axes Page 527

M138 Selection of tilted axes Page 527

M144 Calculate machine kinematics Page 528

LN blocks Three-dimensional tool compensation Page 529

SPL blocks Spline interpolation Page 540

488 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the
working plane (software option 1)
Introduction

The machine manufacturer must enable the functions for

tilting the working plane!
All PLANE functions, with the exception of PLANE AXIAL,
require the use of tool axis Z.
You can only use the PLANE function on machines which
have at least two rotary axes (head and/or table).
Exception: PLANE AXIAL can also be used if only a single
rotary axis is present or active on your machine.

The PLANE function is a powerful function for defining tilted working

planes in various manners.
All PLANE functions available on the TNC describe the desired working
plane independently of the rotary axes actually present on your
machine. The following possibilities are available:

Function Required parameters Soft key Page

SPATIAL Three spatial angles: SPA, SPB, SPC Page 493

PROJECTED Two projection angles: PROPR and PROMIN and a Page 495
rotation angle ROT

EULER Three Euler angles: precession (EULPR), nutation Page 497

(EULNU) and rotation (EULROT)

VECTOR Normal vector for defining the plane and base Page 499
vector for defining the direction of the tilted X axis

POINTS Coordinates of any three points in the plane to be Page 501

tilted

RELATIVE Single, incrementally effective spatial angle Page 503

AXIAL Up to three absolute or incremental axis angles Page 504

A, B, C

RESET Resetting the PLANE function Page 492

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12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)

In order to make the differences between each definition possibility

more clear even before selecting the function, you can start an
animated sequence via soft key.

The parameter definition of the PLANEfunction is separated

into two parts:
 The geometric definition of the plane, which is different
for each of the available PLANE functions.
 The positioning behavior of the PLANE function, which is
independent of the plane definition and is identical for all
PLANE functions, (see "Specifying the positioning
behavior of the PLANE function" on page 506).

The actual-position-capture function is not possible with

an active tilted working plane.
If you use the PLANE function when M120 M120 is active,
the TNC automatically rescinds the radius compensation,
which also rescinds the M120 M120 function.
Always use PLANE RESET to reset PLANE functions. Entering
0 in all PLANE parameters does not completely reset the
function.

490 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
Defining the PLANE function
 Show the soft-key row with special functions

 Select the PLANE function: Press the TILT MACHINING

PLANE soft key: The TNC displays the available
definition possibilities in the soft-key row
Selecting the function while animation is active
 Activate animation: Set the SELECT ANIMATION ON/OFF soft key
to ON
 Start an animation for one of the definition possibilities: Press one
of the available soft keys. The TNC highlights the soft key with a
different color and begins the appropriate animation
 To assume the currently active function: Press the ENT key or press
the soft key of the active function again. The TNC continues the
dialog and requests the required parameters.
Selecting the function while animation is inactive
 Select the desired function directly via soft key. The TNC continues
the dialog and requests the required parameters

Position display
As soon as any PLANE function is active, the TNC shows the calculated
spatial angle in the additional status display (see figure). As a rule, the
TNC internally always calculates with spatial angles, independent of
which PLANE function is active.
During tilting (MOVE or TURN mode) in the Distance-To-Go mode (DIST),
the TNC shows (in the rotary axis) the distance to go (or calculated
distance) to the final position of the rotary axis.

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12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)

Resetting the PLANE function

 Show the soft-key row with special functions Beispiel: NC block

25 PLANE RESET MOVE DIST50 F1000

 To select special TNC functions, press the SPECIAL
TNC FUNCT. soft key
 Select the PLANE function: Press the TILT
MACHINING PLANE soft key: The TNC displays the
available definition possibilities in the soft-key row
 Select the Reset function. This internally resets the
PLANE function, but does not change the current axis
positions
 Specify whether the TNC should automatically move
the rotary axes to the default setting (MOVE or TURN) or
not (STAY), (see "Automatic positioning:
MOVE/TURN/STAY (entry is mandatory)" on page 506)
 Terminate the entry: Press the END key

The PLANE RESET function resets the current

PLANEfunction—or an active cycle 19—completely (angles
= 0 and function is inactive). It does not need to be defined
more than once.

492 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
Defining the machining plane with spatial
angles: PLANE SPATIAL
Application
Spatial angles define a working plane using up to three rotations of the
coordinate system; two perspectives that have always the same
result are available for this purpose.
 Rotations about the machine-based coordinate system:
The sequence of the rotations is as follows: First around the
machine axis C, then around the machine axis B, and then around
the machine axis A.
 Rotations about the tilted coordinate system:
The sequence of rotations is as follows: First around the machine
axis C, then around the rotated axis B, and then around the rotated
axis A. This perspective is usually easier to understand, because one
rotary axis is fixed so that the rotations of the coordinate system are
easier to comprehend.

Before programming, note the following

You must always define the three spatial angles SPA, SPB
and SPC, even if one of them = 0
This operation corresponds to Cycle19 if the entries in
Cycle 19 are defined as spatial angles on the machine side.
Parameter description for the positioning behavior: See
"Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE
function" on page 506.

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12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)

Input parameters
 Spatial angle A?: Rotational angle SPA around the
fixed machine axis X (see figure at top right). Input
range from –359.9999° to +359.9999°
 Spatial angle B?: Rotational angle SPB around the
fixed machine axis Y (see figure at top right). Input
range from –359.9999° to +359.9999°
 Spatial angle C?: Rotational angle SPC around the
fixed machine axis Z (see figure at center right). Input
range from –359.9999° to +359.9999°
 Continue with the positioning properties (see
"Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE
function" on page 506)
Abbreviations used

Abbreviation Meaning
SPATIAL spatial means in space

SPA spatial A: Rotation around the X axis

SPB spatial B: Rotation around the Y axis

SPC spatial C: Rotation around the Z axis

Beispiel: NC block

5 PLANE SPATIAL SPA+27 SPB+0 SPC+45 .....

494 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
Defining the machining plane with projection
angles: PROJECTED PLANE
Application
Projection angles define a machining plane through the entry of two
angles that you determine by projecting the first coordinate plane (Z/X
plane with tool axis Z) and the second coordinate plane (Y/Z with tool
axis Z) onto the machining plane to be defined.

Before programming, note the following

You can only use projection angles if the angle definitions
are given with respect to a rectangular cuboid. Otherwise
there will be deformations on the workpiece.
Parameter description for the positioning behavior: See
"Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE
function" on page 506.

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12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)

Input parameters
 Proj. angle 1st coordinate plane?: Projected angle
of the tilted machining plane in the 1st coordinate
plane of the fixed machine coordinate system (Z/X for
tool axis Z, see figure at top right). Input range: from
-89.9999° to +89.9999°. The 0° axis is the principal
axis of the active working plane (X for tool axis Z. See
figure at top right for positive direction)
 Proj. angle 2nd coordinate plane?: Projected angle
in the 2nd coordinate plane of the fixed machine
coordinate system (Y/Z for tool axis Z, see figure at
top right). Input range: from –89.9999° to +89.9999°.
The 0° axis is the minor axis of the active machining
plane (Y for tool axis Z)
 ROT angle of the tilted plane?: Rotation of the
tilted coordinate system around the tilted tool axis
(corresponds to a rotation with Cycle 10 ROTATION).
The rotation angle is used to simply specify the
direction of the principal axis of the working plane (X
for tool axis Z, Z for tool axis Y; see figure at bottom
right). Input range: from 0° to +360°.
 Continue with the positioning properties (see
"Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE
function" on page 506)
NC block

5 PLANE PROJECTED PROPR+24 PROMIN+24 ROT+30 .....

Abbreviations used

Abbreviation Meaning
PROJECTED Projected

PROPR Principal plane

PROMIN Minor plane

ROT Rotation

496 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
Defining the machining plane with Euler angles:
EULER PLANE
Application
Euler angles define a machining plane through up to three rotations
about the respectively tilted coordinate system. The Swiss
mathematician Leonhard Euler defined these angles. When applied to
the machine coordinate system, they have the following meanings:

Precession angle Rotation of the coordinate system around the

EULPR Z axis
Nutation angle Rotation of the coordinate system around the
EULNU X axis already shifted by the precession angle
Rotation angle Rotation of the tilted machining plane around the
EULROT tilted Z axis

Before programming, note the following

Parameter description for the positioning behavior: See
"Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE
function" on page 506.

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12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)

Input parameters
 Rot. angle main coordinate plane?: Rotary
angleEULPR around the Z axis (see figure at top right).
Please note:
 Input range: -180.0000° to 180.0000°
 The 0° axis is the X axis
 Swivel angle of tool axis?: Tilting angle EULNU of the
coordinate system around the X axis shifted by the
precession angle (see figure at center right). Please
note:
 Input range: 0° to 180.0000°
 The 0° axis is the Z axis
 ROT angle of the tilted plane?: Rotation EULROT of
the tilted coordinate system around the tilted Z axis
(corresponds to a rotation with Cycle 10 ROTATION).
Use the rotation angle to simply define the direction
of the X axis in the tilted machining plane (see figure
at bottom right). Please note:
 Input range: 0° to 360.0000°
 The 0° axis is the X axis
 Continue with the positioning properties (see
"Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE
function" on page 506)
NC block

5 PLANE EULER EULPR45 EULNU20 EULROT22 .....

Abbreviations used

Abbreviation Meaning
EULER Swiss mathematician who defined these angles

EULPR Precession angle: angle describing the rotation of

the coordinate system around the Z axis

EULNU Nutation angle: angle describing the rotation of

the coordinate system around the X axis shifted
by the precession angle

EULROT Rotation angle: angle describing the rotation of

the tilted machining plane around the tilted Z axis

498 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
Defining the working plane with two vectors:
VECTOR PLANE
Application
You can use the definition of a working plane via two vectors if your
CAD system can calculate the base vector and normal vector of the
tilted machining plane. A normalized input is not necessary. The TNC
calculates the normal, so you can enter values between –99.999999
and +99.999999.
The base vector required for the definition of the machining plane is
defined by the components BX, BY and BZ (see figure at right). The
normal vector is defined by the components NX, NY, and NZ.

Before programming, note the following

The base vector defines the direction of the principal axis
in the tilted machining plane, and the normal vector
determines the orientation of the tilted machining plane,
and at the same time is perpendicular to it.
The TNC calculates standardized vectors from the values
you enter.
Parameter description for the positioning behavior: See
"Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE
function" on page 506.

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12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)

Input parameters
 X component of base vector?: X component BX of the
base vector B (see figure at top right). Input range
-99.9999999 to +99.9999999
 Y component of base vector?: Y component BY of the
base vector B (see figure at top right). Input range
-99.9999999 to +99.9999999
 Z component of base vector?: Z component BZ of the
base vector B (see figure at top right). Input range
-99.9999999 to +99.9999999
 X component of normal vector?: X component NX of
the normal vector N (see figure at center right). Input
range -99.9999999 to +99.9999999
 Y component of normal vector?: Y component NY of
the normal vector N (see figure at center right). Input
range -99.9999999 to +99.9999999
 Z component of normal vector?: Z component NZ of
the normal vector N (see figure at center right). Input
range -99.9999999 to +99.9999999
 Continue with the positioning properties (see
"Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE
function" on page 506)
NC block

5 PLANE VECTOR BX0.8 BY-0.4 BZ-0.42 NX0.2 NY0.2 NZ0.92 ..

Abbreviations used

Abbreviation Meaning
VECTOR Vector

BX, BY, BZ Base vector: X, Y and Z components

NX, NY, NZ Normal vector: X, Y and Z components

500 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
Defining the working plane via three points:
PLANE POINTS
Application
A working plane can be uniquely defined by entering any three points
P1 to P3 in this plane. This possibility is realized in the PLANE POINTS P3
function.
P2
Before programming, note the following
The connection from Point 1 to Point 2 determines the
direction of the tilted main axis (X for tool axis Z).
P1 +Z
The direction of the tilted tool axis is determined by the
position of Point 3 relative to the connecting line between +X
Point 1 and Point 2. Use the right-hand rule (thumb = X
axis, index finger = Y axis, middle finger = Z axis (see +Y
figure at right)) to remember: thumb (X axis) points from
Point 1 to Point 2, index finger (Y axis) points parallel to the
tilted Y axis in the direction of Point 3. Then the middle
finger points in the direction of the tilted tool axis.
The three points define the slope of the plane. The
position of the active datum is not changed by the TNC.
Parameter description for the positioning behavior: See
"Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE
function" on page 506.

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12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)

Input parameters
 X coordinate of 1st plane point?: X coordinate P1X
of the 1st plane point (see figure at top right)
 Y coordinate of 1st plane point?: Y coordinate P1Y
of the 1st plane point (see figure at top right)
 Z coordinate of 1st plane point?: Z coordinate P1Z
of the 1st plane point (see figure at top right)
 X coordinate of 2nd plane point?: X coordinate P2X
of the 2nd plane point (see figure at center right)
 Y coordinate of 2nd plane point?: Y coordinate P2Y
of the 2nd plane point (see figure at center right)
 Z coordinate of 2nd plane point?: Z coordinate P2Z
of the 2nd plane point (see figure at center right)
 X coordinate of 3rd plane point?: X coordinate P3X
of the 3rd plane point (see figure at bottom right)
 Y coordinate of 3rd plane point?: Y coordinate P3Y
of the 3rd plane point (see figure at bottom right)
 Z coordinate of 3rd plane point?: Z coordinate P3Z
of the 3rd plane point (see figure at bottom right)
 Continue with the positioning properties (see
"Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE
function" on page 506)
NC block

5 PLANE POINTS P1X+0 P1Y+0 P1Z+20 P2X+30 P2Y+31 P2Z+20

P3X+0 P3Y+41 P3Z+32.5 .....

Abbreviations used

Abbreviation Meaning
POINTS Points

502 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
Defining the machining plane with a single,
incremental spatial angle: PLANE RELATIVE
Application
Use an incremental spatial angle when an already active tilted working
plane is to be tilted by another rotation. Example: machining a 45°
chamfer on a tilted plane.

Before programming, note the following

The defined angle is always in effect in respect to the
active working plane, regardless of the function you have
used to activate it.
You can program any number of PLANE RELATIVE functions
in a row.
If you want to return to the machining plane that was
active before the PLANE RELATIVE function, define the
PLANE RELATIVE function again with the same angle but
with the opposite algebraic sign.
If you use the PLANE RELATIVE function in a non-tilted
working plane, then you simply rotate the non-tilted plane
about the spatial angle defined in the PLANE function
Parameter description for the positioning behavior: See
"Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE
function" on page 506.

Input parameters
 Incremental angle?: Spatial angle about which the
active machining plane is to be rotated additionally
(see figure at right). Use a soft key to select the axis
to be rotated about. Input range: –359.9999° to
+359.9999°
 Continue with the positioning properties (see
"Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE
function" on page 506)
Abbreviations used

Abbreviation Meaning
RELATIV Relative to

Beispiel: NC block

5 PLANE RELATIV SPB-45 .....

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12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)

Tilting the working plane through axis

angle: PLANE AXIAL (FCL 3 function)
Application
The PLANE AXIAL function defines both the position of the working
plane and the nominal coordinates of the rotary axes. This function is
particularly easy to use on machines with Cartesian coordinates and
with kinematics structures in which only one rotary axis is active.

PLANE AXIAL can also be used if you have only one rotary
axis active on your machine.
Yo can use the PLANE RELATIV function after PLANE AXIAL
if your machine allows spatial angle definitions. The
machine manual provides further information.

Before programming, note the following

Enter only axis angles that actually exist on your machine.
Otherwise the TNC generates an error message.
Rotary axis coordinates defined with PLANE AXIAL are
modally effective. Successive definitions therefore build
on each other. Incremental input is allowed.
Use PLANE RESET to reset the PLANE AXIAL function.
Resetting by entering 0 does not deactivate PLANE AXIAL.
SEQ, TABLE ROT and COORD ROT have no function in
conjunction with PLANE AXIAL.
Parameter description for the positioning behavior: See
"Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE
function" on page 506.

504 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
Input parameters
 Axis angle A?: Axis angle to which the A axis is to be
tilted. If entered incrementally, it is the angle by
which the A axis is to be tilted from its current
position. Input range: –99999.9999° to +99999.9999°
 Axis angle B?: Axis angle to which the B axis is to be
tilted. If entered incrementally, it is the angle by
which the B axis is to be tilted from its current
position. Input range: –99999.9999° to +99999.9999°
 Axis angle C?: Axis angle to which the C axis is to be
tilted. If entered incrementally, it is the angle by
which the C axis is to be tilted from its current
position. Input range: –99999.9999° to +99999.9999°
 Continue with the positioning properties (see
"Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE
function" on page 506)
Abbreviations used
Beispiel: NC block
Abbreviation Meaning
5 PLANE AXIAL B-45 .....
AXIAL In the axial direction

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12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)

Specifying the positioning behavior of the

PLANE function
Overview
Independently of which PLANE function you use to define the tilted
machining plane, the following functions are always available for the
positioning behavior:
 Automatic positioning
 Selection of alternate tilting possibilities
 Selection of the type of transformation

Automatic positioning: MOVE/TURN/STAY (entry is mandatory)

After you have entered all parameters for the plane definition, you
must specify how the rotary axes will be positioned to the calculated
axis values:
 The PLANE function is to automatically position the
rotary axes to the calculated position values. The
position of the tool relative to the workpiece is to
remain the same. The TNC carries out a
compensation movement in the linear axes
 The PLANE function is to automatically position the
rotary axes to the calculated position values, but only
the rotary axes are positioned. The TNC does not
carry out a compensation movement in the linear
axes
 You will position the rotary axes later in a separate
positioning block
If you have selected the MOVE option (PLANE function is to position the
axes automatically), the following two parameters must still be
defined: Dist. tool tip – center of rot. and Feed rate? F=.
If you have selected the TURN option (PLANE function is to position the
axes automatically without any compensating movement), the
following parameters must still be defined: Retraction length MB and
Feed rate? F=.
As an alternative to defining a feed rate F directly by numerical value,
you can also position with FMAX (rapid traverse) or FAUTO (feed rate from
the TOOL CALL block).

If you use the PLANE AXIAL together with STAY, you have
to position the rotary axes in a separate block after the
PLANE function (see "Positioning the rotary axes in a
separate block" on page 508).

506 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
 Dist. tool tip – center of rot. (incremental): The TNC tilts the
tool (or table) relative to the tool tip. The DIST parameter shifts the
center of rotation of the positioning movement relative to the
current position of the tool tip.

 If the tool is already at the given distance to the

workpiece before positioning, then relatively speaking
the tool is at the same position after positioning (see
figure at center right, 1 = DIST)
 If the tool is not at the given distance to the workpiece 1
before positioning, then relatively speaking the tool is
offset from the original position after positioning (see 1
figure at bottom right, 1 = DIST)

 Feed rate? F=: Contour speed at which the tool should be

positioned
 Retraction length in the tool axis?: Retraction path MB is
effective incrementally from the current tool position in the active
tool axis direction that the TNC approaches before tilting. MB MAX
positions the tool just before the software limit switch.

1
1

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12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)

Positioning the rotary axes in a separate block

Proceed as follows if you want to position the rotary axes in a separate
positioning block (STAY option selected):

Danger of collision!
Pre-position the tool to a position where there is no danger
of collision with the workpiece (clamping devices) during
positioning.

 Select any PLANE function, and define automatic positioning with the
STAY option. During program execution the TNC calculates the
position values of the rotary axes present on the machine, and
stores them in the system parameters Q120 (A axis), Q121 (B axis)
and Q122 (C axis)
 Define the positioning block with the angular values calculated by
the TNC
NC example blocks: Position a machine with a rotary table C and a
tilting table A to a spatial angle of B+45°.

...
12 L Z+250 R0 FMAX Position at clearance height
13 PLANE SPATIAL SPA+0 SPB+45 SPC+0 STAY Define and activate the PLANE function
14 L A+Q120 C+Q122 F2000 Position the rotary axis with the values calculated by
the TNC
... Define machining in the tilted working plane

508 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
Selection of alternate tilting possibilities: SEQ +/–(entry optional)
The position you define for the working plane is used by the TNC to
calculate the appropriate positioning of the rotary axes present on the
machine. In general there are always two possible solutions.
Use the SEQ switch to specify which possibility the TNC should use:
 SEQ+ positions your machine’s main rotary axis so that it assumes
a positive angle. The main rotary axis is the first rotary axis in the
kinematics description of your machine if you follow the description
starting from the tool, through the machine, to the workpiece:
 For pure head kinematics (e.g. fork head) with the rotary axes B
and C, the B axis is the main axis
 For pure table kinematics with the rotary axes A and C, the A axis
is the main rotary axis
 For mixed head/table kinematics with the rotary axes Bin the head
and C in the table, the B axis is the main rotary axis (see figure at
top right)
 SEQ- positions the main rotary axis so that it assumes a negative
angle
If the solution you chose with SEQ is not within the machine’s range of
traverse, the TNC displays the Entered angle not permitted error
message.

When the PLANE AXIS function is used, the SEQ switch is

nonfunctional.
You can also use Q parameters to program the SEQ switch.
Positive Q parameters result in the solution SEQ+, negative
Q parameters in the solution SEQ–.
If you use the PLANE SPATIAL A+0 B+0 C+0 function, you
must not program SEQ-; if you do so, the TNC will output
an error message.

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12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)

If you do not define SEQ, the TNC determines the solution as follows:
1 The TNC first checks whether both solution possibilities are within
the traverse range of the rotary axes.
2 If they are, the TNC selects the solution with which it can move the
rotary axes on the shortest path from the actual position to the
nominal position. The TNC then calculates the root of the square
sum of the rotary axis path of each solution, and then uses the
solution with the smaller value.
3 If only one solution is within the traverse range, the TNC selects
this solution.
4 If neither solution is within the traverse range, the TNC displays
the Entered angle not permitted error message.
Example for a machine with a rotary table C and a tilting table A.
Programmed function: PLANE SPATIAL SPA+0 SPB+45 SPC+0

Resulting axis
End switch Starting point SEQ
position
None A+0, C+0 not prog. A+45, C+90

None A+0, C+0 + A+45, C+90

None A+0, C+0 – A–45, C–90

None A+0, C-105 not prog. A–45, C–90

None A+0, C-105 + A+45, C+90

None A+0, C-105 – A–45, C–90

–90 < A < +10 A+0, C+0 not prog. A–45, C–90

–90 < A < +10 A+0, C+0 + Error message

None A+0, C–135 + A+45, C+90

510 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.3 The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
Selecting the type of transformation (entry optional)
On machines with C-rotary tables, a function is available for specifying
the type of transformation:
 COORD ROT specifies that the PLANE function should
only rotate the coordinate system to the defined
tilting angle. The rotary table is not moved; the
compensation is purely mathematical.
 TABLE ROT specifies that the PLANE function should
position the rotary table to the defined tilting angle.
Compensation results from rotating the workpiece.

When the PLANE AXIS function is used, COORD ROT and

TABLE ROT are nonfunctional.
If you use the TABLE ROT function in conjunction with a
basic rotation and a tilting angle of 0, then the TNC tilts the
table to the angle defined in the basic rotation.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 511

12.4 Inclined-tool machining in the tilted plane

12.4 Inclined-tool machining in the

tilted plane
Function
In combination with M128 and the new PLANE functions, inclined
machining in a tilted machining plane is now possible. Two
possibilities are available for definition:
 Inclined-tool machining via incremental traverse of a rotary axis
 Inclined-tool machining via normal vectors IB

Inclined-tool machining in a tilted machining plane only

functions with spherical cutters.
With 45° swivel heads and tilting tables you can also
define the incline angle as a space angle. Use the TCPM
FUNCTION (see "TCPM FUNCTION (software option 2)" on
page 514).

Inclined-tool machining via incremental traverse

of a rotary axis
 Retract the tool
 Define any PLANE function; consider the positioning behavior
 Via a straight-line block, traverse to the desired incline angle in the
appropriate axis incrementally
 Activate M128

Example NC blocks:
...
12 L Z+50 R0 FMAX Position at clearance height
13 PLANE SPATIAL SPA+0 SPB-45 SPC+0 MOVE DIST50 F1000 Define and activate the PLANE function
14 L IB-17 F1000 M128 Set the incline angle and activate M128
... Define machining in the tilted working plane

512 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.4 Inclined-tool machining in the tilted plane
Inclined-tool machining via normal vectors

Only one directional vector can be defined in the LN block.

This vector defines the incline angle (normal vector NX, NY,
NZ or tool direction vector TX, TY, TZ).

 Retract the tool

 Activate M128
 Define any PLANE function; consider the positioning behavior
 Execute program with LN block in which the tool direction is defined
by a vector

Example NC blocks:
...
12 L Z+50 R0 FMAX Position at clearance height
13 PLANE SPATIAL SPA+0 SPB+45 SPC+0 MOVE DIST50 F1000 Define and activate the PLANE function
14 LN X+31.737 Y+21.954 Z+33.165 NX+0.3 NY+0 NZ+0.9539 F Set the incline angle via normal vector and activate
1000 M3 M128 M128
... Define machining in the tilted working plane

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12.5 TCPM FUNCTION (software option 2)

12.5 TCPM FUNCTION (software

option 2)
Function
B
The machine manufacturer must enter the machine
geometry in machine parameters or in kinematics tables.
Z
X
For tilted axes with Hirth coupling:
Only change the position of the tilted axis after retracting Z
the tool. Otherwise you might damage the contour when
disengaging from the coupling.

Before positioning with M91 or M92: Reset TCPM FUNCTION.

To avoid contour gouging you must use only spherical
cutters with TCPM FUNCTION. X

The tool length must refer to the spherical center of the

tool tip.
If TCPM FUNCTION is active, the TNC shows the symbol
in the position display.

TCPM FUNCTION is an improvement on the M128 function, with which

you can define the behavior of the TNC when positioning the rotary
axes. In contrast to M128, with TCPM FUNCTION you can define the mode
of action of various functions:
 Mode of action of the programmed feed rate F TCP / F CONT
 Interpretation of the rotary axis coordinates programmed in the NC
program: AXIS POS / AXIS SPAT
 Type of interpolation between start and target position: PATHCTRL
AXIS / PATHCTRL VECTOR

514 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.5 TCPM FUNCTION (software option 2)
Define TCPM FUNCTION
 Select the special functions

 Select the programming aids

 Select TCPM FUNCTION

Mode of action of the programmed feed rate

The TNC provides two functions for defining the mode of action of the
programmed feed rate:
 F TCP determines that the programmed feed rate is
interpreted as the actual relative velocity between the
tool reference point (Tool Center Point) and the
workpiece
 F CONT determines that the programmed feed rate is
interpreted as the contouring feed rate of the axis
programmed in the respective NC block.

Example NC blocks:
...
13 FUNCTION TCPM F TCP ... Feed rate refers to the tool tip
14 FUNCTION TCPM F CONT ... Feed rate is interpreted as the speed of the tool
along the contour
...

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12.5 TCPM FUNCTION (software option 2)

Interpretation of the programmed rotary axis

coordinates
Up to now, machines with 45° swivel heads or 45° tilting tables could
not easily set the angle of inclination or a tool orientation with respect
to the currently active coordinate system (spatial angle). This function
could only be realized through specially written programs with normal
vectors (LN blocks).
The TNC now provides the following function:
 AXIS POS determines that the TNC interprets the
programmed coordinates of rotary axes as the
nominal position of the respective axis
 AXIS SPAT determines that the TNC interprets the
programmed coordinates of rotary axes as the spatial
angle

AXIS POS should be used primarily if your machine is

equipped with Cartesian rotary axes. You can also use
AXIS POS with 45°-swivel heads/ tilting tables if it is
ensured that the programmed rotary axis coordinates
define the desired orientation of the working plane
correctly (this can be accomplished with a CAM system,
for example).
AXIS SPAT: The rotary axis coordinates entered in the
positioning block are space angles that are given with
respect to the currently active (perhaps tilted) coordinate
system (incremental space angle).
After you switch on FUNCTION TCPM with AXIS SPAT, in the
first positioning block you should always program all three
spatial angles in the inclination angle definition. This also
applies if one or more spatial angles are 0°.
After you switch on FUNCTION TCPM with AXIS SPAT, you
can no longer use the GOTO function in the program run
modes. Always use the block scan function.

Example NC blocks:
...
13 FUNCTION TCPM F TCP AXIS POS ... Rotary axis coordinates are axis angles
...
18 FUNCTION TCPM F TCP AXIS SPAT ... Rotary axis coordinates are spatial angles
20 L A+0 B+45 C+0 F MAX Set tool orientation to B+45 degrees (space angle).
Define space angle A and C with 0
...

516 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.5 TCPM FUNCTION (software option 2)
Type of interpolation between the starting and
end position
The TNC provides two functions for defining the type of interpolation
between the starting and end position:
 PATHCTRL AXIS determines that the tool reference
point between the starting and end position of the
respective NC block moves on a straight line (Face
Milling). The direction of the tool axis at the starting
and end positions corresponds to the respective
programmed values, but the tool circumference does
not describe a defined path between the starting and
end positions. The surface produced by milling with
the tool circumference (Peripheral Milling) depends
on the machine geometry
 PATHCTRL VECTOR determines that the tool reference
point between the starting and end position of the
respective NC block moves on a straight line and also
that the direction of the tool axis between starting and
end position is interpolated so that a plane results
from machining at the tool circumference (Peripheral
Milling)

With PATHCTRL VECTOR, remember:

Any defined tool orientation is generally accessible
through two different tilting angle positions. The TNC uses
the solution over the shortest available path—starting
from the current position. Therefore, with 5-axis
machining it may happen that the TNC moves in the rotary
axes to end positions that are not programmed.
To attain the most continuous multiaxis movement
possible, define Cycle 32 with a Tolerance for rotary
axes (see Touch Probe Cycles User's Manual, Cycle 32
TOLERANCE). The tolerance of the rotary axes should be
about the same as the tolerance of the contouring
deviation that is also defined in Cycle 32. The greater the
tolerance for the rotary axes is defined, the greater are the
contour deviations during peripheral milling.

Example NC blocks:
...
13 FUNCTION TCPM F TCP AXIS SPAT PATHCTRL AXIS Tool reference point moves along a straight line
14 FUNCTION TCPM F TCP AXIS POS PATHCTRL VECTOR Tool reference point and tool directional vector
move in one plane
...

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12.5 TCPM FUNCTION (software option 2)

Reset TCPM FUNCTION

 FUNCTION RESET TCPM is to be used if you want to
purposely reset the function within a program

Example NC block:
...
25 FUNCTION RESET TCPM Reset TCPM FUNCTION
...

The TNC automatically resets FUNCTION TCPM if you select

a new program in a program run mode.
You can reset the TCPM FUNCTION only if the PLANE function
is inactive. If required, run PLANE RESET before FUNCTION
RESET TCPM

518 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.6 Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes
12.6 Miscellaneous Functions for
Rotary Axes
Feed rate in mm/min on rotary axes A, B, C:
M116 (software option 1)
Standard behavior
The TNC interprets the programmed feed rate of a rotary axis in
degrees/min (in mm programs and also in inch programs). The feed
rate therefore depends on the distance from the tool center to the
center of axis rotation.
The larger this distance becomes, the greater the contouring feed
rate.

Feed rate in mm/min on rotary axes with M116

The machine geometry must be specified by the machine

tool builder in the description of kinematics.
M116 works only on rotary tables. M116 cannot be used with
swivel heads. If your machine is equipped with a
table/head combination, the TNC ignores the swivel-head
rotary axes.
M116 is also effective in an active tilted working plane and
in combination with M128 if you used the M138 function to
select rotary axes (see "Selecting tilting axes: M138" on
page 527). Then M116 affects only those rotary axes that
were not selected with M138.

The TNC interprets the programmed feed rate of a rotary axis in

degrees/min (or 1/10 inch/min). In this case, the TNC calculates the
feed for the block at the start of each block. With a rotary axis, the feed
rate is not changed during execution of the block even if the tool
moves toward the center of the rotary axis.

Effect
M116 is effective in the working plane. With M117 you can reset M116.
M116 is also canceled at the end of the program.
M116 becomes effective at the start of block.

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12.6 Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes

Shorter-path traverse of rotary axes: M126

Standard behavior

The behavior of the TNC when positioning the rotary axes

depends on the machine tool. The machine manual
provides further information.

The behavior of the TNC while positioning rotary axes whose display
has been reduced to values less than 360° is dependent on bit 2 of
MP7682. This machine parameter defines whether the TNC should
always (even without M126) choose the shortest path when
traversing the difference between nominal and actual position, or only
if M126 is programmed. Examples for if the TNC should traverse the
rotary axis always along the number line:

Actual position Nominal position Traverse

350° 10° –340°

10° 340° +330°

Behavior with M126

With M126, the TNC will move the axis on the shorter path of traverse
for rotary axes whose display is reduced to values less than 360°.
Examples:

Actual position Nominal position Traverse

350° 10° +20°

10° 340° -30°

Effect
M126 becomes effective at the start of block.
To cancel M126, enter M127. At the end of program, M126 is
automatically canceled.

520 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.6 Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes
Reducing display of a rotary axis to a value less
than 360°: M94
Standard behavior
The TNC moves the tool from the current angular value to the
programmed angular value.
Example:

Current angular value: 538°

Programmed angular value: 180°
Actual distance of traverse: –358°

Behavior with M94

At the start of block, the TNC first reduces the current angular value to
a value less than 360° and then moves the tool to the programmed
value. If several rotary axes are active, M94 will reduce the display of
all rotary axes. As an alternative you can enter a rotary axis after M94.
The TNC then reduces the display only of this axis.

Example NC blocks
To reduce display of all active rotary axes:

L M94

To reduce display of the C axis only:

L M94 C

To reduce display of all active rotary axes and then move the tool in
the C axis to the programmed value:

L C+180 FMAX M94

Effect
M94 is effective only in the block in which it is programmed.
M94 becomes effective at the start of block.

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12.6 Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes

Automatic compensation of machine geometry

when working with tilted axes: M114 (software
option 2)
Standard behavior
The TNC moves the tool to the positions given in the machining
program. If the position of a tilted axis changes in the program, the
resulting offset in the linear axes must be calculated by a
postprocessor and traversed in a positioning block. As the machine
geometry is also relevant, the NC program must be calculated
separately for each machine tool.

Behavior with M114

The machine geometry must be specified by the machine

tool builder in the description of kinematics.

If the position of a controlled tilted axis changes in the program, the

TNC automatically compensates the tool offset by a 3-D length
compensation. As the geometry of the individual machine tools is set
B
in machine parameters, the TNC also compensates machine-specific B
offsets automatically. Programs only need to be calculated by the Y dx dz
postprocessor once, even if they are being run on different machines
with TNC control.
If your machine tool does not have controlled tilted axes (head tilted
manually or positioned by the PLC), you can enter the current valid
swivel head position after M114 (e.g. M114 B+45, Q parameters
permitted).
The radius compensation must be calculated by a CAD system or by a dB
postprocessor. A programmed radius compensation RL/RR will result
in an error message.
If the tool length compensation is calculated by the TNC, the
X
programmed feed rate refers to the point of the tool. Otherwise it
refers to the tool datum.

522 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.6 Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes
If your machine tool is equipped with a swivel head that
can be tilted under program control, you can interrupt
program run and change the position of the tilted axis, for
example with the handwheel.
With the RESTORE POS. AT N function, you can then
resume program run at the block at which the part
program was interrupted. If M114 is active, the TNC
automatically calculates the new position of the tilted axis.
If you wish to use the handwheel to change the position
of the tilted axis during program run, use M118 in
conjunction with M128.

Effect
M114 becomes effective at the start of block, M115 at the end of
block. M114 is not effective when tool radius compensation is active.
To cancel M114, enter M115. At the end of program, M114 is
automatically canceled.

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12.6 Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes

Maintaining the position of the tool tip when

positioning with tilted axes (TCPM): M128
(software option 2)
Standard behavior
The TNC moves the tool to the positions given in the machining
program. If the position of a tilted axis changes in the program, the
resulting offset in the linear axes must be calculated, and traversed in
a positioning block.

Behavior with M128 (TCPM: Tool Center Point Management)

The machine geometry must be specified by the machine

tool builder in the description of kinematics.

If the position of a controlled tilted axis changes in the program, the B

position of the tool tip to the workpiece remains the same.
If you wish to use the handwheel to change the position of the tilted
axis during program run, use M128 in conjunction with M118. Z
Handwheel positioning in a machine-based coordinate system is
possible when M128 is active. X

Caution: Danger to the workpiece! Z

For tilted axes with Hirth coupling: Do not change the
position of the tilted axis until after retracting the tool.
Otherwise you might damage the contour when
disengaging from the coupling.

After M128 you can program another feed rate, at which the TNC will X
carry out the compensation movements in the linear axes. If you
program no feed rate here, or if you program a larger feed rate than is
defined in MP7471, the feed rate from MP7471 will be effective.

Before positioning with M91 or M92: Reset M128.

To avoid contour gouging you must use only spherical
cutters with M128.
The tool length must refer to the spherical center of the
tool tip.
If M128 is active, the TNC shows the symbol in the
status display.

524 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.6 Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes
M128 on tilting tables
If you program a tilting table movement while M128 is active, the TNC
rotates the coordinate system accordingly. If, for example, you rotate
the C axis by 90° (through a positioning command or datum shift) and
then program a movement in the X axis, the TNC executes the
movement in the machine axis Y.
The TNC also transforms the defined datum, which has been shifted
by the movement of the rotary table.

M128 with 3-D tool compensation

If you carry out a 3-D tool compensation with active M128 and active
radius compensation RL/RR, the TNC will automatically position the
rotary axes for certain machine geometrical configurations
(Peripheral-Milling, see "Three-dimensional tool compensation
(software option 2)", page 529).

Effect
M128 becomes effective at the start of block, M129 at the end of block.
M128 is also effective in the manual operating modes and remains
active even after a change of mode. The feed rate for the
compensation movement will be effective until you program a new
feed rate or until you cancel M128 with M129.
Enter M129 to cancel M128. The TNC also cancels M128 if you select a
new program in a program run operating mode.

Example NC blocks
Feed rate of 1000 mm/min for compensation movements:

L X+0 Y+38.5 IB-15 RL F125 M128 F1000

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12.6 Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes

Inclined machining with noncontrolled rotary axes

If you have noncontrolled rotary axes (counting axes) on your machine,
then in combination with M128 you can also perform inclined
machining operations with these axes.
Proceed as follows:
1 Manually traverse the rotary axes to the desired positions. M128
must not be active!
2 Activate M128: The TNC reads the actual values of all rotary axes
present, calculates from this the new position of the tool center
point, and updates the position display
3 The TNC performs the necessary compensating movement in the
next positioning block
4 Carry out the machining operation
5 At the end of program, reset M128 with M129, and return the
rotary axes to the initial positions

As long as M128 is active, the TNC monitors the actual

positions of the noncontrolled rotary axes. If the actual
position deviates from the nominal position by a value
greater than that defined by the machine manufacturer,
the TNC outputs an error message and interrupts program
run.

Overlap between M128 and M114

M128 is a new development of function M114.
M114 calculates necessary compensation movements in the
geometry before the respective NC block is executed. The TNC then
processes the compensating movement such that it is performed by
the end of the respective NC block.
M128 calculates all compensating movements in real time. The TNC
performs necessary compensating movements immediately as soon
as they become necessary after movement in a rotary axis.

M114 and M128 may not be active at the same time, since
overlaps of the two functions would occur, which could
lead to damage of the workpiece. The TNC outputs a
corresponding error message.

526 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.6 Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes
Exact stop at corners with nontangential
transitions: M134
Standard behavior
The standard behavior of the TNC during positioning with rotary axes
is to insert a transitional element in nontangential contour transitions.
The contour of the transitional element depends on the acceleration,
the rate of acceleration (jerk), and the defined tolerance for contour
deviation.

With MP7440 you can change the standard behavior of the

TNC so that M134 becomes active automatically
whenever a program is selected (see "General user
parameters", page 704).

Behavior with M134

The TNC moves the tool during positioning with rotary axes so as to
perform an exact stop at nontangential contour transitions.

Effect
M134 becomes effective at the start of block, M135 at the end of
block.
You can reset M134 with M135. The TNC also resets M134 if you
select a new program in a program run operating mode.

Selecting tilting axes: M138

Standard behavior
The TNC performs M114 and M128, and tilts the working plane, only
in those axes for which the machine tool builder has set the
appropriate machine parameters.

Behavior with M138

The TNC performs the above functions only in those tilting axes that
you have defined using M138.

Effect
M138 becomes effective at the start of block.
You can reset M138 by reprogramming it without entering any axes.

Example NC blocks
Perform the above-mentioned functions only in the tilting axis C:

L Z+100 R0 FMAX M138 C

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12.6 Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes

Compensating the machine’s kinematics

configuration for ACTUAL/NOMINAL positions
at end of block: M144 (software option 2)
Standard behavior
The TNC moves the tool to the positions given in the machining
program. If the position of a tilted axis changes in the program, the
resulting offset in the linear axes must be calculated, and traversed in
a positioning block.

Behavior with M144

The TNC calculates into the position value any changes in the
machine's kinematics configuration which result, for example, from
adding a spindle attachment. If the position of a controlled tilted axis
changes, the position of the tool tip to the workpiece is also changed.
The resulting offset is calculated in the position display.

Positioning blocks with M91/M92 are permitted if M144 is

active.
The position display in the operating modes FULL
SEQUENCE and SINGLE BLOCK does not change until the
tilting axes have reached their final position.

Effect
M144 becomes effective at the start of the block. M144 does not
function in connection with M114, M128 or a tilted working plane.
You can cancel M144 by programming M145.

The machine geometry must be specified by the machine

tool builder in the description of kinematics.
The machine tool builder determines the behavior in the
automatic and manual operating modes. Refer to your
machine manual.

528 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.7 Three-dimensional tool compensation (software option 2)
12.7 Three-dimensional tool
compensation (software
option 2)
Introduction
The TNC can carry out a three-dimensional tool compensation (3-D
compensation) for straight-line blocks. Apart from the X, Y and Z
coordinates of the straight-line end point, these blocks must also Z
contain the components NX, NY and NZ of the surface-normal vector
(see "Definition of a normalized vector" on page 530). Y
If, in addition, you want to carry out a tool orientation or a three-
dimensional radius compensation, these blocks need also a X
normalized vector with the components TX, TY and TZ, which
determines the tool orientation (see "Definition of a normalized vector"
on page 530).
The straight-line end point, the components for the surface-normal PT
vector as well as those for the tool orientation must be calculated by P NZ
a CAM system. NX
NY
Application possibilities
 Use of tools with dimensions that do not correspond with the
dimensions calculated by the CAM system (3-D compensation
without definition of the tool orientation).
 Face milling: compensation of the cutter geometry in the direction
of the surface-normal vector (3-D compensation with and without Z
definition of the tool orientation). Cutting is usually with the end face
of the tool. Y
 Peripheral milling: compensation of the cutter radius perpendicular
to the direction of movement and perpendicular to the tool direction
(3D radius compensation with definition of the tool orientation). X
Cutting is usually with the lateral surface of the tool.

TZ

TY TX

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12.7 Three-dimensional tool compensation (software option 2)

Definition of a normalized vector

A normalized vector is a mathematical quantity with a value of 1 and
any direction. The TNC requires up to two normalized vectors for LN
blocks, one to determine the direction of the surface-normal vector,
and another (optional) to determine the tool orientation direction. The
direction of a surface-normal vector is determined by the components
NX, NY and NZ. With an end mill and a radius mill, this direction is R R R
perpendicular from the workpiece surface to be machined to the tool
datum PT, and with a toroid cutter through PT‘ or PT (see figure). The
direction of the tool orientation is determined by the components TX,
TY and TZ.

The coordinates for the X, Y, Z positions and the surface-

normal components NX, NY, NZ, as well as TX, TY, TZ PT PT'
PT
must be in the same sequence in the NC block. R2 R2
PT
Always indicate all of the coordinates and all of the
surface-normal vectors in an LN block, even if the values
have not changed from the previous block.
TX, TY and TZ must always be defined with numerical
values. You cannot use Q parameters.
Always calculate and output normal vectors to seven
decimal places, in order to avoid drops in the feed rate
during machining.
3-D compensation with surface-normal vectors is only
effective for coordinates in the main axes X, Y, Z.
If you insert a tool with oversize (positive delta value), the
TNC outputs an error message. You can suppress the
error message with the M function M107 (see
"Prerequisites for NC blocks with surface-normal vectors
and 3-D compensation", page 201). PT

The TNC will not display an error message if an entered PSP

tool oversize would cause damage to the contour.
MP7680 defines whether the CAM system has calculated
the tool length compensation from the center of sphere PT
or the south pole of the sphere PSP (see figure).

530 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.7 Three-dimensional tool compensation (software option 2)
Permissible tool shapes
You can describe the permissible tool shapes in the tool table via tool
radii R and R2 (see figure):
 Tool radius R: Distance from the tool center to the tool
circumference
 Tool radius 2 R2: Radius of the curvature between tool tip and tool
circumference
The ratio of R to R2 determines the shape of the tool:
 R2 = 0: End mill
 R2 = R: Radius cutter
 0 < R2 < R: Toroid cutter
These data also specify the coordinates of the tool datum PT.

Using other tools: Delta values

If you want to use tools that have different dimensions than the ones
you originally programmed, you can enter the difference between the
tool lengths and radii as delta values in the tool table or TOOL CALL:
 Positive delta value DL, DR, DR2: The tool is larger than the original
tool (oversize)
 Negative delta value DL, DR, DR2: The tool is smaller than the R
original tool (undersize)
The TNC then compensates the tool position by the sum of the delta L
values from the tool table and the tool call.

R2
DR2>0
DL>0

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12.7 Three-dimensional tool compensation (software option 2)

3-D compensation without tool orientation

The TNC displaces the tool in the direction of the surface-normal
vectors by the sum of the delta values (tool table and TOOL CALL).

Example: Block format with surface-normal vectors

1 LN X+31.737 Y+21.954 Z+33.165
NX+0.2637581 NY+0.0078922 NZ-0.8764339 F1000 M3

LN: Straight line with 3-D compensation

X, Y, Z: Compensated coordinates of the straight-line end point
NX, NY, NZ: Components of the surface-normal vector
F: Feed rate
M: Miscellaneous function

Face milling: 3-D compensation with and

without tool orientation
The TNC displaces the tool in the direction of the surface-normal
vectors by the sum of the delta values (tool table and TOOL CALL).
If M128 (see "Maintaining the position of the tool tip when positioning
with tilted axes (TCPM): M128 (software option 2)", page 524) is
active, the TNC maintains the tool perpendicular to the workpiece
contour if no tool orientation is programmed in the LN block.
If a tool orientation T is defined in the LN block and M128 (or TCPM
FUNCTION) is active at the same time, the TNC will position the rotary
axes automatically so that the tool can reach the defined orientation.
If you have not activated M128 (or TCPM FUNCTION), then the TNC
ignores the direction vector T, even if it is defined in the LN block.

This function is possible only on machines for which you

can define spatial angles for the tilting axis configuration.
Refer to your machine manual.
The TNC is not able to automatically position the rotary
axes on all machines. Refer to your machine manual.

Danger of collision!
On machines whose rotary axes only allow limited
traverse, sometimes automatic positioning can require
the table to be rotated by 180°. In this case, make sure
that the tool head does not collide with the workpiece or
the clamps.

532 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.7 Three-dimensional tool compensation (software option 2)
Example: Block format with surface normals without tool
orientation
LN X+31.737 Y+21.954 Z+33.165 NX+0.2637581 NY+0.0078922
NZ–0.8764339 F1000 M128

Example: Block format with surface normals and tool orientation

LN X+31.737 Y+21.954 Z+33.165 NX+0.2637581 NY+0.0078922
NZ–0.8764339 TX+0.0078922 TY–0.8764339 TZ+0.2590319 F1000
M128

LN: Straight line with 3-D compensation

X, Y, Z: Compensated coordinates of the straight-line end point
NX, NY, NZ: Components of the surface-normal vector
TX, TY, TZ: Components of the normalized vector for workpiece
orientation
F: Feed rate
M: Miscellaneous function

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12.7 Three-dimensional tool compensation (software option 2)

Peripheral milling: 3-D radius compensation

with workpiece orientation
The TNC displaces the tool perpendicular to the direction of
movement and perpendicular to the tool direction by the sum of the
delta values DR (tool table and TOOL CALL). Determine the
compensation direction with radius compensation RL/RR (see figure,
traverse direction Y+). For the TNC to be able to reach the set tool
orientation, you need to activate the function M128 (see "Maintaining Z
the position of the tool tip when positioning with tilted axes (TCPM):
M128 (software option 2)" on page 524). The TNC then positions the
rotary axes automatically so that the tool can reach the defined
orientation with the active compensation.

This function is possible only on machines for which you

can define spatial angles for the tilting axis configuration. RR X
Refer to your machine manual. RL
The TNC is not able to automatically position the rotary
axes on all machines. Refer to your machine manual.
Note that the TNC makes a compensating movement by
the defined delta values. The tool radius R defined in the
tool table has no effect on the compensation.

Danger of collision!
On machines whose rotary axes only allow limited
traverse, sometimes automatic positioning can require
the table to be rotated by 180°. In this case, make sure
that the tool head does not collide with the workpiece or
the clamps.

534 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.7 Three-dimensional tool compensation (software option 2)
There are two ways to define the tool orientation:
 In an LN block with the components TX, TY and TZ
 In an L block by indicating the coordinates of the rotary axes

Example: Block format with tool orientation

1 LN X+31.737 Y+21.954 Z+33.165 TX+0.0078922 TY–0.8764339
TZ+0.2590319 RR F1000 M128

LN: Straight line with 3-D compensation

X, Y, Z: Compensated coordinates of the straight-line end point
TX, TY, TZ: Components of the normalized vector for workpiece
orientation
RR: Tool radius compensation
F: Feed rate
M: Miscellaneous function

Example: Block format with rotary axes

1 L X+31,737 Y+21,954 Z+33,165 B+12,357 C+5,896 RL F1000
M128

L: Straight line
X, Y, Z: Compensated coordinates of the straight-line end point
L: Straight line
B, C: Coordinates of the rotary axes for tool orientation
RL: Radius compensation
F: Feed rate
M: Miscellaneous function

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12.7 Three-dimensional tool compensation (software option 2)

3-D tool radius compensation depending on the

tool’s contact angle (3D-ToolComp software
option)

Software option 2 is also required to be able to use DR2+0.002

software option 92, 3-D ToolComp.
Z

The effective sphere radius of a radius cutter deviates from the ideal
form owing to the production process. The maximum form inaccuracy
is specified by the tool manufacturer; common error is between 0.005
and 0.01 mm. DR2–0.004

The form inaccuracy can be determined with a laser system and the
corresponding laser cycles on the TNC. It can then be saved as a
compensation value table. This table contains angle values and the
deviation from the nominal radius R2 measured on the respective X
angle value.
The 3D-ToolComp software option enables the TNC to compensate
the value defined in the compensation value table depending on the
actual contact point of the tool.

Requirements
 Software option 3D-ToolComp is enabled
 Software option 2, 3-D machining is enabled
 MP7680, bit 6 must be set to the value 1: The TNC takes R2 from
the tool table into account during tool length compensation
 The DR2TABLE column in the tool table (TOOL.T) is enabled
(MP7266.42)
 The tool was measured with the laser system and the
compensation value table is available in a directory under TNC:\.
Alternatively you can also create the compensation table manually
(see "Compensation-value table" on page 537)
 The tool dimensions L, R and R2 are entered in the tool table
(TOOL.T)
 The path name of the compensation value table for the tool to be
compensated is entered (without file extension) in the DR2TABLE
column of the tool table (TOOL.T) (see "Tool table: Standard tool
data" on page 182)
 NC program: NC blocks with surface normal vectors are required
(see "NC program" on page 539)

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 12.7 Three-dimensional tool compensation (software option 2)
Compensation-value table

The laser measuring cycle 598 automatically creates the

compensation value table. In this regard, please note the
documentation for laser measuring cycles.

If you wish to create and fill the compensation value table with data
yourself, proceed as follows:
 To call the file management, press the PGM MGT key
 Enter any file name with the TAB extension and confirm with the
ENT key. The TNC displays a pop-up window with permanently
saved table formats
 Use the arrow key to select the table format 3DTOOLCOMP.TAB and
confirm with the ENT key. The TNC opens a new table containing
only one line and those columns that are required for the function of
3D-ToolComp

The compensation value table is a "freely definable table."

See "Freely definable tables" on page 475 for further
information about working with freely definable tables.

If the TNC does not show a pop-up window or the

3DTOOLCOMP table format when you open a new .tab file, you
must first use the COPY SAMPLE FILES function to
generate the table formats (see "Copying sample files" on
page 665).

The TNC evaluates the following columns of the compensation value

table: +180°
 ANGLE:
Angle at the tool’s cutting edge to which the determined
compensation value NOM-DR2 belongs. Input range: 0° to 180°; for
radius cutters the angle values are between 0° and 90°
 NOM-R2:
Nominal radius R2 of the tool. The TNC uses the values from NOM-R2
only to determine the end of the compensation value table: The end +90°
of the table is the line where the value=0 is entered in the NOM-R2
column
 NOM-DR2:
Deviation from the nominal value (oversize) and negative values
(undersize) are permitted
0°

The TNC evaluates a maximum of 50 lines in a

compensation value table.
The TNC evaluates negative angle values from the ANGLE
column but compensates the compensation values
always in the positive angle range of the tool.

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12.7 Three-dimensional tool compensation (software option 2)

Function
If you are executing a program with surface normal vectors and
assigned a compensation value table (DR2TABLE column) to the active
tool in the tool table (TOOL.T), the TNC uses the values from the
compensation value table instead of the compensation value DR2 from
TOOL.T.
In doing so, the TNC takes the compensation value from the
compensation value table defined for the current contact point of the
tool with workpiece into account. If the contact point is between two
compensation points, the TNC interpolates the compensation value
linearly between the two closest angles.
Example:

Angle value Compensation value NOM - DR2

40° +0.03 mm (measured) +0.04

+0.03
50° -0.02 mm (measured)
+0.02
45° (contact point) +0.005 mm (interpolated)
+0.01
+0.005
0
The TNC generates an error message if it cannot 40° 45° 50° ANGLE
determine a compensation value through interpolation. –0.01

Programming of M107 (suppress error message for positive –0.02

compensation values) is not required even if the
–0.03
compensation value is positive.
The TNC uses either DR2 from TOOL.T or a compensation –0.04
value from the compensation value table. If required, you
can define additional offsets, such as a surface oversize,
via DR2 in the TOOL CALL block.

538 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.7 Three-dimensional tool compensation (software option 2)
NC program
3-D ToolComp works only with programs that contain a surface normal
vector (see "Definition of a normalized vector" on page 530). The
following must be considered for NC program generation by means of
the CAM system: Z
 If the NC program is calculated with reference to the center of the
NZ
sphere, you must define the nominal radius value R2 of the radius
cutter in the tool table (TOOL.T)
 If the NC program is calculated with reference to the south pole of NX
the sphere, you must define the nominal radius value R2 of the
radius cutter and also the R2 value as a negative delta length in the
DL column of the tool table (TOOL.T)
Example: Three-axis program with surface normal vector
X
FUNCTION TCPM OFF
LN X+31.737 Y+21.954 Z+33.165 NX+0.2637581 NY+0.0078922
NZ–0.8764339 F1000

X, Y, Z: Position of the leading tool point

NX, NY, NZ: Components of the surface-normal vector T
Z TZ
Example: Five-axis program with surface normal vector
N
FUNCTION TCPM F TCP AXIS POS PATHCTRL AXIS NZ TX
LN X+31.737 Y+21.954 Z+33.165 NX+0.2637581 NY+0.0078922
NZ–0.8764339 TX+0.0078922 TY–0.8764339 TZ+0.2590319 F1000
NX

X, Y, Z: Position of the leading tool point

NX, NY, NZ: Components of the surface-normal vector
TX, TY, TZ: Components of the normalized vector for workpiece X
orientation

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12.8 Path contours—Spline interpolation (software option 2)

12.8 Path contours—Spline

interpolation (software
option 2)
Application
If you wish to machine contours that are described in a CAM system
as splines, you can transfer them directly to the TNC and execute
them. The TNC features a spline interpolator for executing third-
degree polynomials in two, three, four, or five axes.

You cannot edit spline blocks in the TNC. Exception: Feed

rate F and miscellaneous function M in the spline block.

Example: Block format for three axes

7 L X+28.338 Y+19.385 Z-0.5 FMAX Spline starting point
8 SPL X24.875 Y15.924 Z-0.5 Spline end point
K3X-4.688E-002 K2X2.459E-002 K1X3.486E+000 Spline parameters for X axis
K3Y-4.563E-002 K2Y2.155E-002 K1Y3.486E+000 Spline parameters for Y axis
K3Z0.000E+000 K2Z0.000E+000 K1Z0.000E+000 F10000 Spline parameters for Z axis

9 SPL X17.952 Y9.003 Z-0.500 Spline end point

K3X5.159E-002 K2X-5.644E-002 K1X6.928E+000 Spline parameters for X axis
K3Y3.753E-002 K2Y-2.644E-002 K1Y6.910E+000 Spline parameters for Y axis
K3Z0.000E+000 K2Z0.000E+000 K1Z0.000E+000 Spline parameters for Z axis

10 ...

The TNC executes the spline block according to the following third-
degree polynomials:
X(t) = K3X · t3 + K2X · t2+ K1X · t + X
Y(t) = K3Y · t3 + K2Y · t2+ K1Y · t + Y
Z(t) = K3Z · t3 + K2Z · t2 + K1Z · t + Z
where the variable t runs from 1 to 0. The incrementation of t depends
on the feed rate and the length of the spline.

540 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

 12.8 Path contours—Spline interpolation (software option 2)
Example: Block format for five axes
7 L X+33.909 X-25.838 Z+75.107 A+17 B-10.103 FMAX Spline starting point
8 SPL X+39.824 Y-28.378 Z+77.425 A+17.32 B-12.75 Spline end point
K3X+0.0983 K2X-0.441 K1X-5.5724 Spline parameters for X axis
K3Y-0.0422 K2Y+0.1893 1Y+2.3929 Spline parameters for Y axis
K3Z+0.0015 K2Z-0.9549 K1Z+3.0875 Spline parameters for Z axis
K3A+0.1283 K2A-0.141 K1A-0.5724 Spline parameters for A axis
Spline parameters for B axis with exponential
K3B+0.0083 K2B-0.413 E+2 K1B-1.5724 E+1 F10000
notation
9 ...

The TNC executes the spline block according to the following third-
degree polynomials:
X(t) = K3X · t3 + K2X · t2 + K1X · t + X
Y(t) = K3Y · t3 + K2Y · t2 + K1Y · t + Y
Z(t) = K3Z · t3 + K2Z · t2 + K1Z · t + Z
A(t) = K3A · t3 + K2A · t2 + K1A · t + A
B(t) = K3B · t3 + K2B · t2 + K1B · t + B
where the variable t runs from 1 to 0. The incrementation of t depends
on the feed rate and the length of the spline.

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12.8 Path contours—Spline interpolation (software option 2)

For every end-point coordinate in the spline block, the

spline parameters K3 to K1 must be programmed. The
end-point coordinates can be programmed in any
sequence within the spline block.
The TNC always expects the spline parameters K for each
axis in the sequence K3, K2, K1.
Beside the principal axes X, Y and Z, the TNC can also
process the secondary axes U, V and W, and the rotary
axes A, B and C. The respective corresponding axis must
then be programmed in the spline parameter K
(e.g. K3A+0.0953 K2A-0.441 K1A+0.5724).
If the absolute value of a spline parameter K becomes
greater than 9.99999999, then the post processor must
output K in exponential notation (e.g. K3X+1.2750 E2).
The TNC can execute a program with spline blocks even
when the working plane is tilted.
Ensure that the transitions from one spline to the next are
as tangential as possible (directional changes of less than
0.1°). The TNC otherwise performs an exact stop if the
filter functions are disabled, resulting in a jolting of the
machine tool. If the filter functions are active, the TNC
decreases the feed rate accordingly at these positions.
The spline starting point can deviate from the end point of
the previous contour by no more than 1 µm. Larger
deviations will provoke an error message.

Input ranges
 Spline end point: –99 999.9999 to +99 999.9999
 Spline parameter K: –9.99999999 to +9.99999999
 Exponent for spline parameter K: –255 to +255 (whole number)

542 Programming: Execution of CAM Programs, Multi-axis Machining

Programming:
Pallet Management
13.1 Pallet management

13.1 Pallet management

Application

Pallet table management is a machine-dependent

function. The standard functional range is described
below. Refer to your machine tool manual for more
information.

Pallet tables are used for machining centers with pallet changers: The
pallet table calls the part programs that are required for the different
pallets, and activates datum shifts or datum tables.
You can also use pallet tables to run in succession several programs
that have different reference points.
Pallet tables contain the following information:
 PAL/PGM (entry obligatory):
Identification for pallet or NC program (select with ENT or NO ENT)
 NAME (entry obligatory):
Pallet or program name. The machine tool builder determines the
pallet name (see your machine tool manual). The program name
must be stored in the same directory as the pallet table. Otherwise
you must enter the full path name for the program
 PALPRES (entry optional):
Preset number from the pallet preset table. The TNC interprets the
preset number defined here as pallet datum (PAL entry in column
PAL/PGM). You can use the pallet preset to compensate mechanical
differences between the pallets. A pallet preset can also be
activated automatically when a pallet is added
 PRESET (entry optional):
Preset number from the preset table. The preset number defined
here is interpreted by the TNC either as a pallet datum (PAL entry in
PAL/PGM column) or as a workpiece datum (PGM entry in PAL/PGM line).
If there is a pallet preset table active on your machine, then use the
PRESET column only for workpiece datums
 DATUM (entry optional):
Name of the datum table. The datum table must be stored in the
same directory as the pallet table. Otherwise you must enter the full
path name for the datum table. Datums from the datum table can be
activated in the NC program with Cycle 7 DATUM SHIFT

544 Programming: Pallet Management

 X, Y, Z (entry optional, other axes also possible):

13.1 Pallet management

For pallet names the programmed coordinates are referenced to the
machine datum. For NC programs, the programmed coordinates are
referenced to the pallet datum. These entries overwrite the datum
that you last set in the Manual mode of operation. With the
miscellaneous function M104 you can reactivate the datum that was
last set. With the actual-position-capture key, the TNC opens a
window that enables you to have the TNC enter various points as
datums (see table below):

Position Meaning
Actual values Enter the coordinates of the current tool position
referenced to the active coordinate system.

Reference Enter the coordinates of the current tool position

values referenced to the machine datum.

ACTUAL Enter the coordinates referenced to the active

measured coordinate system of the datum last probed in
values the Manual operating mode.

REF measured Enter the coordinates referenced to the machine

values datum of the datum last probed in the Manual
operating mode.

With the arrow keys and the ENT key, select the position that you wish
to confirm. Then press the ALL VALUES soft key so that the TNC
saves the respective coordinates of all active axes in the pallet table.
With the PRESENT VALUE soft key, the TNC saves the coordinates of
the axis on which the highlight in the pallet table is presently located.

If you have not defined a pallet before an NC program, the

programmed coordinates are then referenced to the
machine datum. If you do not define an entry, the datum
that was set manually remains active.

Editing function Soft key

Select beginning of table

Select end of table

Select previous page in table

Select next page in table

Insert as last line in the table

Delete the last line in the table

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13.1 Pallet management

Editing function Soft key

Go to beginning of next line

Add the number of lines that can be entered at

the end of the table

Copy the highlighted field (2nd soft-key row)

Insert the copied field (2nd soft-key row)

Selecting a pallet table

 Call the file manager in the Programming and Editing or Program
Run mode: Press the PGM MGT key
 Display all type .P files: Press the SELECT TYPE and SHOW .P soft
keys
 Select a pallet table with the arrow keys, or enter a new file name
to create a new table
 Confirm your entry with the ENT key

Exiting the pallet file

 Call the file manager: Press the PGM MGT key
 To select a different type of file, press the SELECT TYPE soft key
and the soft key for the desired file type, for example SHOW .H
 Select the desired file

546 Programming: Pallet Management

 13.1 Pallet management
Pallet datum management with the pallet preset
table

The pallet preset table is configured by your machine tool

builder, see your machine tool manual.

A preset table for managing pallet datums is available in addition to the

preset table for managing workpiece datums. This makes it possible
now to manage the pallet datums independently of the workpiece
datums.
Pallet datums are an easy way to compensate mechanical differences
between individual pallets.
For determining the pallet datums, there is an additional soft key in the
manual probing functions with which you can also store the probing
results in the pallet preset table (see "Storing measured values in the
pallet preset table" on page 598).

Only one workpiece datum and one pallet datum can be

active at the same time. Both datums are effective in sum.
The TNC displays the number of the active pallet preset in
the additional status display (see "General pallet
information (PAL tab)" on page 89).

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13.1 Pallet management

Working with the pallet preset table

Changes to the pallet reset table must always be made in

agreement with your machine tool builder!

If your machine tool builder has enabled the pallet preset table, you
can edit the pallet preset table in Manual mode:
 Select the Manual Operation or El. Handwheel mode of operation
 Open the preset table: Press the DATUM
MANAGEMENT soft key. The TNC opens the preset
table
 Scroll through the soft-key row
 Open the pallet preset table: Press the PALLET
PRESET TBL soft key. The TNC displays additional
soft keys (see table below)
The following editing functions are available:

Editing function in table mode Soft key

Select beginning of table

Select end of table

Select previous page in table

Select next page in table

Insert a single line as last line in the table

Delete the last line in the table

Switch editing on/off

Activate the pallet datum of the line currently

selected (2nd soft-key row)

Deactivate the currently active pallet datum (2nd

soft-key row)

548 Programming: Pallet Management

 13.1 Pallet management
Executing the pallet file

MP7683 defines whether the pallet table is to be

executed blockwise or continuously.
Provided that Machine Parameter 7246 is set so that the
tool usage test is active, you can monitor the tool service
life for all tools used in a pallet (see "Tool usage test" on
page 202).

 Select the file manager in the Program Run, Full Sequence or

Program Run, Single Block operating modes: Press the PGM MGT
key
 Display all type .P files: Press the SELECT TYPE and SHOW .P soft
keys
 Select the pallet table with the arrow keys and confirm with ENT
 To execute the pallet table: Press the NC Start button. The TNC
executes the pallets as set in MP7683.

Screen layout for executing pallet tables

You can have the TNC display the program contents and pallet file
contents on the screen together by selecting the screen layout
PROGRAM + PALLET. During execution, the TNC then shows
program blocks to the left and the pallet to the right. To check the
program contents before execution, proceed as follows:
 Select a pallet table
 With the arrow keys, choose the program you would like to check
 Press the OPEN PGM soft key: the TNC displays the selected
program on the screen. You can now page through the program with
the arrow keys
 To return to the pallet table, press the END PGM SOFT KEY

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13.2 Pallet operation with tool-oriented machining

13.2 Pallet operation with tool-

oriented machining
Application

Pallet management in combination with tool-oriented

machining is a machine-dependent function. The standard
functional range is described below. Refer to your
machine tool manual for more information.

Pallet tables are used for machining centers with pallet changers: The
pallet table calls the part programs that are required for the different
pallets, and activates datum shifts or datum tables.
You can also use pallet tables to run in succession several programs
that have different reference points.
Pallet tables contain the following information:
 PAL/PGM (entry obligatory):
The entry PAL identifies the pallet, FIX marks the fixture level and PGM
is used to enter the workpiece.
 W-STATE :
Current machining status. The machining status is used to
determine the current stage of machining. Enter BLANK for an
unmachined (raw) workpiece. During machining, the TNC changes
this entry to INCOMPLETE, and after machining has finished, to
ENDED. The entry EMPTY is used to identify a space at which no
workpiece is to be clamped. With the SKIP entry, you specify that a
workpiece is not to be machined by the TNC
 METHOD (entry obligatory):
Entry that determines the method of program optimization.
Machining is workpiece-oriented if WPO is entered. Machining of the
piece is tool-oriented if TO is entered. In order to include subsequent
workpieces in the tool-oriented machining, you must enter CTO
(continued tool oriented). Tool-oriented machining is also possible
with pallet fixtures, but not for multiple pallets
 NAME (entry obligatory):
Pallet or program name. The machine tool builder determines the
pallet name (see your machine tool manual). Programs must be
stored in the same directory as the pallet table. Otherwise you must
enter the full path and name for the program

550 Programming: Pallet Management

 PALPRESET (entry optional):

13.2 Pallet operation with tool-oriented machining

Preset number from the pallet preset table. The TNC interprets the
preset number defined here as pallet datum (PAL entry in column
PAL/PGM). You can use the pallet preset to compensate mechanical
differences between the pallets. A pallet preset can also be
activated automatically when a pallet is added
 PRESET (entry optional):
Preset number from the preset table. The preset number defined
here is interpreted by the TNC either as a pallet datum (PAL entry in
the PAL/PGM column) or as a workpiece datum (PGM entry in the
PAL/PGM line). If there is a pallet preset table active on your machine,
then use the PRESET column only for workpiece datums
 DATUM (entry optional):
Name of the datum table. The datum table must be stored in the
same directory as the pallet table. Otherwise you must enter the full
path name for the datum table. Datums from the datum table can be
activated in the NC program with Cycle 7 DATUM SHIFT
 X, Y, Z (entry optional, other axes also possible):
For pallets and fixtures, the programmed coordinates are referenced
to the machine datum. For NC programs, the programmed
coordinates are referenced to the pallet or fixture datum. These
entries overwrite the datum that you last set in the Manual mode of
operation. With the miscellaneous function M104 you can reactivate
the datum that was last set. With the actual-position-capture key,
the TNC opens a window that enables you to have the TNC enter
various points as datums (see table below):

Position Meaning
Actual values Enter the coordinates of the current tool position
referenced to the active coordinate system.

Reference Enter the coordinates of the current tool position

values referenced to the machine datum.

ACTUAL Enter the coordinates referenced to the active

measured coordinate system of the datum last probed in
values the Manual operating mode.

REF measured Enter the coordinates referenced to the machine

values datum of the datum last probed in the Manual
operating mode.

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13.2 Pallet operation with tool-oriented machining

With the arrow keys and the ENT key, select the position that you wish
to confirm. Then press the ALL VALUES soft key so that the TNC
saves the respective coordinates of all active axes in the pallet table.
With the PRESENT VALUE soft key, the TNC saves the coordinates of
the axis on which the highlight in the pallet table is presently located.

If you have not defined a pallet before an NC program, the

programmed coordinates are then referenced to the
machine datum. If you do not define an entry, the datum
that was set manually remains active.

 SP-X, SP-Y, SP-Z (entry optional, other axes also possible):

Safety positions can be entered for the axes. These positions can be
read with SYSREAD FN18 ID510 NR 6 from NC macros. SYSREAD
FN18 ID510 NR 5 can be used to determine if a value was
programmed in the column. The positions entered are only
approached if these values are read and correspondingly
programmed in the NC macros.
 CTID (entered by the TNC):
The context ID number is assigned by the TNC and contains
instructions about the machining progress. Machining cannot be
resumed if the entry is deleted or changed.
 FIXTURE
In this column you can enter a fixture archive (ZIP file), that the TNC
is to automatically activate during machining of the pallet table. You
have to use the fixture management to archive fixture archives (see
"Managing fixtures" on page 419)

Editing function in table mode Soft key

Select beginning of table

Select end of table

Select previous page in table

Select next page in table

Insert as last line in the table

Delete the last line in the table

Go to beginning of next line

Add the number of lines that can be entered at

the end of the table

Edit the table format

552 Programming: Pallet Management

 13.2 Pallet operation with tool-oriented machining
Editing function in entry-form mode Soft key
Select previous pallet

Select next pallet

Select previous fixture

Select next fixture

Select previous workpiece

Select next workpiece

Switch to pallet level

Switch to fixture level

Switch to workpiece level

Select standard pallet view

Select detailed pallet view

Select standard fixture view

Select detailed fixture view

Select standard workpiece view

Select detailed workpiece view

Insert pallet

Insert fixture

Insert workpiece

Delete pallet

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13.2 Pallet operation with tool-oriented machining

Editing function in entry-form mode Soft key

Delete fixture

Delete workpiece

Delete buffer memory contents

Tool-optimized machining

Workpiece-optimized machining

Connect or separate the types of machining

Mark level as being empty

Mark level as being unmachined

554 Programming: Pallet Management

 13.2 Pallet operation with tool-oriented machining
Selecting a pallet file
 Call the file manager in the Programming and Editing or Program
Run mode: Press the PGM MGT key
 Display all type .P files: Press the SELECT TYPE and SHOW .P soft
keys
 Select a pallet table with the arrow keys, or enter a new file name
to create a new table
 Confirm your entry with the ENT key

Setting up the pallet file with the entry form

Pallet operation with tool- or workpiece-oriented machining is divided
into three levels:
 Pallet level PAL
 Fixture level FIX
 Workpiece level PGM
You can switch to a detail view in each level. Set the machining
method and the statuses for the pallet, fixture and workpiece in the
standard view. If you are editing an existing pallet file, the updated
entries are displayed. Use the detail view for setting up the pallet file.

Set up the pallet file according to the machine

configuration. If you only have one fixture with multiple
workpieces, then defining one fixture FIX with the
workpieces PGM is sufficient. However, if one pallet
contains several fixtures, or if a fixture is machined from
more than one side, you must define the pallet PAL with
the corresponding fixture levels FIX.
Use the screen layout button to switch between table
view and form view.
Graphic support for form entry is not yet available.

The various levels of the entry form can be reached with the
appropriate soft keys. The current level is highlighted in the status line
of the entry form. When you switch to table view with the screen
layout button, the cursor is placed in the same level as it was in the
form view.

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13.2 Pallet operation with tool-oriented machining

Setting up the pallet level

 Pallet ID: The pallet name is displayed
 Method: You can choose between the WORKPIECE ORIENTED and the
TOOL ORIENTED machining methods. The selected method is
assumed for the workpiece level and overwrites any existing
entries. In tabular view, WORKPIECE ORIENTED appears as WPO and
TOOL ORIENTED appears as TO.

The TOOL/WORKPIECE ORIENT entry cannot be made via soft

key. It only appears when different machining methods
were chosen for the workpieces in the workpiece or
machining level.
If the machining method was determined in the fixture
level, the entries are transferred to the workpiece level,
where they overwrite any existing entries.

 Status: The soft key BLANK identifies the pallet and the
corresponding fixtures and workpieces as not yet having been
machined, and enters BLANK in the Status field. Use the EMPTY
POSITION or OMIT soft key if you want to skip the pallet during
machining. EMPTY or SKIP then appears in the status field.

Setting up details in the pallet level

 Pallet ID: Enter the pallet name
 Preset No.: Enter the preset number for the pallet
 Datum: Enter the pallet datum
 Datum table: Enter the name and path of the datum table of the
workpiece. The data is transferred to the fixture and workpiece
levels
 Safe height: (optional): Safe position for the individual axes
referenced to the pallet. The positions entered are only approached
if these values were read and correspondingly programmed in the
NC macros.

556 Programming: Pallet Management

 13.2 Pallet operation with tool-oriented machining
Setting up the fixture level
 Fixture: The number of the fixture is displayed. The number of
fixtures within this level is shown after the slash.
 Method: You can choose between the WORKPIECE ORIENTED and the
TOOL ORIENTED machining methods. The selected method is
assumed for the workpiece level and overwrites any existing
entries. In tabular view, WORKPIECE ORIENTED appears as WPO and
TOOL ORIENTED appears as TO.
Use the CONNECT/SEPARATE soft key to mark fixtures that are to be
included for calculating the machining process for tool-oriented
machining. Connected fixtures are indicated by a dashed line,
whereas separated fixtures are indicated by a solid line. Connected
workpieces are marked in tabular view with the entry CTO in the
METHOD column.

The TOOL/WORKPIECE ORIENTED entry cannot be made via

soft key. It only appears when different machining
methods were chosen for the workpieces in the
workpiece level.
If the machining method was determined in the fixture
level, the entries are transferred to the workpiece level,
where they overwrite any existing entries.

 Status: The soft key BLANK identifies the fixture and the
corresponding workpieces as not yet having been machined, and
enters BLANK in the Status field. Use the EMPTY POSITION or
OMIT soft key if you want to skip the fixture during machining. EMPTY
or SKIP then appears in the status field.

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13.2 Pallet operation with tool-oriented machining

Setting up details in the fixture level

 Fixture: The number of the fixture is displayed. The number of
fixtures within this level is shown after the slash.
 Datum: Enter the fixture datum
 Datum table: Enter the name and path of the datum table valid for
machining the workpiece. The data is transferred to the workpiece
level.
 NC macro: In tool-oriented machining, the macro TCTOOLMODE is
carried out instead of the normal tool-change macro.
 Safe height: (optional): Safe position for the individual axes
referenced to the fixture.

Safety positions can be entered for the axes. These

positions can be read with SYSREAD FN18 ID510 NR 6
from NC macros. SYSREAD FN18 ID510 NR 5 can be used
to determine if a value was programmed in the column.
The positions entered are only approached if these values
are read and correspondingly programmed in the NC
macros.

558 Programming: Pallet Management

 13.2 Pallet operation with tool-oriented machining
Setting up the workpiece level
 Workpiece: The number of the workpiece is displayed. The number
of workpieces within this fixture level is shown after the slash.
 Method: You can choose between the WORKPIECE ORIENTED and
TOOL ORIENTED machining methods. In tabular view,
WORKPIECE ORIENTED appears as WPO, and TOOL ORIENTED
appears as TO.
Use the CONNECT/SEPARATE soft key to mark workpieces that are
to be included for calculating the machining process for tool-
oriented machining. Connected workpieces are indicated by a
dashed line, whereas separated workpieces are indicated by a solid
line. Connected workpieces are marked in tabular view with the
entry CTO in the METHOD column.
 Status: The soft key BLANK identifies the workpiece as not yet
having been machined, and enters BLANK in the Status field. Use
the EMPTY POSITION or OMIT soft key if you want to skip a
workpiece during machining. EMPTY or SKIP appears in the status
field.

Enter the method and status in the pallet or fixture level.

Then the entry will be assumed for all corresponding
workpieces.
For several workpiece variants within one level, the
workpieces of one variant should be entered together.
This way, the workpieces of each variant can be marked
with the CONNECT/SEPARATE soft key, and can be
machined in groups.

Setting up details in the workpiece level

 Workpiece: The number of the workpiece is displayed. The number
of workpieces within this fixture or pallet level is shown after the
slash.
 Datum: Enter the workpiece datum
 Datum table: Enter the name and path of the datum table valid for
machining the workpiece. If you use the same datum table for all
workpieces, enter the name and path in the pallet or fixture levels.
The data is automatically transferred to the workpiece level.
 NC program: Enter the path of the NC program that is necessary for
machining the workpiece.
 Safe height: (optional): Safe position for the individual axes
referenced to the workpiece. The positions entered are only
approached if these values were read and correspondingly
programmed in the NC macros.

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13.2 Pallet operation with tool-oriented machining

Sequence of tool-oriented machining

The TNC only carries out tool-oriented machining if the

TOOL ORIENTED method was selected, and TO or CTO is
entered in the table.

 The entry TO or CTO in the Method field tells the TNC that the
oriented machining is valid beyond these lines.
 The pallet management starts the NC program given in the line with
the entry TO.
 The first workpiece is machined until the next tool call is pending.
Departure from the workpiece is coordinated by a special tool-
change macro.
 The entry in the column W-STATUS is changed from BLANK to
INCOMPLETE, and the TNC enters a hexadecimal value in the field
CTID.

The value entered in the field CTID is a unique identifier of

the machining progress for the TNC. If this value is deleted
or changed, machining cannot be continued, nor is mid-
program startup or resumption of machining possible.

 All lines in the pallet file that contain the entry CTO in the Method
field are machined in the same manner as the first workpiece.
Workpieces in several fixtures can be machined.
 The TNC uses the next tool for the following machining steps again
from the line with the entry TO if one of the following situations
applies:
 If the entry PAL is in the PAL/PGM field in the next line.
 If the entry TO or WPO is in the Method field in the next line.
 If in the lines already machined there are entries under Method
which do not have the status EMPTY or ENDED.
 The NC program is continued at the stored location based on the
value entered in the CTID field. Usually the tool is changed for the
first piece, but the TNC suppresses the tool change for the following
workpieces.
 The entry in the CTID field is updated after every machining step. If
an END PGM or M2 is executed in an NC program, then an existing
entry is deleted and ENDED is entered in the Machining Status field.

560 Programming: Pallet Management

 If the entries TO or CTO for all workpieces within a group contain the

13.2 Pallet operation with tool-oriented machining

status ENDED, the next lines in the pallet file are run.

In mid-program startup, only one tool-oriented machining

operation is possible. Subsequent pieces are machined
according to the method entered.
The value entered in the CT-ID field is stored for a
maximum of 2 weeks. Within this time the machining
process can be continued at the stored location. After this
time the value is deleted, in order to prevent large
amounts of unnecessary data on the hard disk.
The operating mode can be changed after executing a
group of entries with TO or CTO.
The following functions are not permitted:
 Switching the traverse range
 PLC datum shift
 M118

Exiting the pallet file

 Call the file manager: Press the PGM MGT key
 To select a different type of file, press the SELECT TYPE soft key
and the soft key for the desired file type, for example SHOW .H
 Select the desired file

Executing a pallet file

In MP7683, set whether the pallet table is to be executed

blockwise or continuously (see "General user parameters"
on page 704).
Provided that Machine Parameter 7246 is set so that the
tool usage test is active, you can monitor the tool service
life for all tools used in a pallet (see "Tool usage test" on
page 202).

 Select the file manager in the Program Run, Full Sequence or

Program Run, Single Block operating modes: Press the PGM MGT
key
 Display all type .P files: Press the SELECT TYPE and SHOW .P soft
keys
 Select the pallet table with the arrow keys and confirm with ENT
 To execute the pallet table: Press the NC Start button. The TNC
executes the pallets as set in MP7683.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 561

13.2 Pallet operation with tool-oriented machining

Screen layout for executing pallet tables

You can have the TNC display the program contents and pallet file
contents on the screen together by selecting the screen layout
PROGRAM + PALLET. During execution, the TNC then shows
program blocks to the left and the pallet to the right. To check the
program contents before execution, proceed as follows:
 Select a pallet table
 With the arrow keys, choose the program you would like to check
 Press the OPEN PGM soft key: the TNC displays the selected
program on the screen. You can now page through the program with
the arrow keys
 To return to the pallet table, press the END PGM SOFT KEY

562 Programming: Pallet Management

Manual Operation and
Setup
14.1 Switch-on, switch-off

14.1 Switch-on, switch-off

Switch-on

Switch-on and crossing over the reference points can vary

depending on the machine tool. Refer to your machine
manual.

Switch on the power supply for TNC and machine. The TNC
automatically initiates the following dialog

MEMORY TEST

The TNC memory is checked automatically.

POWER INTERRUPTED

TNC message that the power was interrupted—clear

the message.

COMPILE A PLC PROGRAM

The PLC program of the TNC is automatically compiled

RELAY EXTERNAL DC VOLTAGE MISSING

Switch on external dc voltage. The TNC checks the

functioning of the EMERGENCY STOP circuit

MANUAL OPERATION
TRAVERSE REFERENCE POINTS

Cross the reference points manually in the displayed

sequence: For each axis press the machine START
button, or

Cross the reference points in any sequence: Press

and hold the machine axis direction button for each
axis until the reference point has been traversed

564 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.1 Switch-on, switch-off
If your machine is equipped with absolute encoders, you
can leave out crossing the reference marks. In such a
case, the TNC is ready for operation immediately after the
machine control voltage is switched on.
If your machine is equipped with incremental encoders,
you can activate traverse range monitoring even before
reference mark traverse by pressing the SW LIMIT
MONITORING soft key. Your machine tool builder can
provide this function axis-specifically. Remember that by
pressing the soft key, traverse range monitoring is not
necessarily active in all axes. The machine manual
provides further information.
Ensure that you have referenced all axes before you start
program run. Otherwise the TNC will stop machining as
soon as it gets to an NC block with an axis that has not
been referenced.

The TNC is now ready for operation in the Manual Operation mode.

The reference points need only be crossed if the machine

axes are to be moved. If you intend only to edit or test
programs, you can select the Programming and Editing or
Test Run modes of operation immediately after switching
on the control voltage.
You can cross the reference points later by pressing the
PASS OVER REFERENCE soft key in the Manual
Operation mode.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 565

14.1 Switch-on, switch-off

Crossing the reference point in a tilted working plane

The reference point of a tilted coordinate system can be crossed by
pressing the machine axis direction buttons. The "tilting the working
plane" function must be active in the Manual Operation mode, see
"Activating manual tilting", page 621. The TNC then interpolates the
corresponding axes.

Danger of collision!
Make sure that the angle values entered in the menu for
tilting the working plane match the actual angles of the
tilted axis.

If available, you can also traverse the axes in the direction of the
current tool axis (see "Setting the current tool-axis direction as the
active machining direction (FCL 2 function)" on page 622).

Danger of collision!
If you use this function, then for non-absolute encoders
you must confirm the positions of the rotary axes, which
the TNC displays in a pop-up window. The position
displayed is the last active position of the rotary axes
before switch-off.

If one of the two functions that were active before is active now, the
NC START button has no function. The TNC outputs a corresponding
error message.

Switch-off
To prevent data from being lost at switch-off, you need to shut down
the operating system of the TNC as follows:
 Select the Manual Operation mode
 Select the function for shutting down, confirm again
with the YES soft key
 When the TNC displays the message Now you can
switch off the TNC in a pop-up window, you may cut
off the power supply to the TNC

Inappropriate switch-off of the TNC can lead to data loss!

Remember that pressing the END key after the control
has been shut down restarts the control. Switch-off
during a restart can also result in data loss!

566 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.2 Moving the machine axes
14.2 Moving the machine axes
Note

Traversing with the machine axis direction buttons can

vary depending on the machine tool. The machine manual
provides further information.

Moving the axis using the machine axis direction

buttons

Select Manual operating mode

Press the machine axis direction button and hold it as

long as you wish the axis to move, or

Move the axis continuously: Press and hold the

machine axis direction button, then press the
machine START button

To stop the axis, press the machine STOP button

You can move several axes at a time with these two methods. You can
change the feed rate at which the axes are traversed with the F soft
key, see "Spindle speed S, feed rate F and miscellaneous functions M",
page 579.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 567

14.2 Moving the machine axes

Incremental jog positioning

With incremental jog positioning you can move a machine axis by a
preset distance.
Z
Select the Manual Operation or El. Handwheel mode

Shift the soft-key row

8 8

Select incremental jog positioning: Switch the

INCREMENT soft key to ON
X
8 16
JOG INCREMENT =

Enter the jog increment in mm, and confirm with the

ENT key

Press the machine axis direction button as often as

desired

The maximum permissible value for infeed is 10 mm.

568 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.2 Moving the machine axes
Traversing with electronic handwheels
The iTNC supports traversing with the following new electronic
handwheels:
 HR 520:
Handwheel compatible for connection to HR 420 with display, data
transfer via cable
 HR 550 FS:
Handwheel with display, data transmission via radio
In addition to this, the TNC continues to support the cable handwheels
HR 410 (without display) and HR 420 (with display).

Caution: Danger to the operator and handwheel!

All of the handwheel connectors may only be removed by
authorized service personnel, even if it is possible without
any tools!
Ensure that the handwheel is plugged in before you
switch on the machine!
If you wish to operate your machine without the
handwheel, disconnect the cable from the machine and
secure the open socket with a cap!

Your machine tool builder can make additional functions

of the HR 5xx available. Refer to your machine tool
manual.

A HR 5xx handwheel is recommended if you want to use

the handwheel superimposition in virtual axis function
(see "Virtual axis VT" on page 435).

The portable HR 5xx handwheels feature a display on which the TNC

shows information. In addition, you can use the handwheel soft keys
for important setup functions, e.g. datum setting or entering and
running M functions.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 569

14.2 Moving the machine axes

As soon as you have activated the handwheel with the handwheel

activation key, the operating panel is locked. This is indicated by a pop-
up window on the TNC screen.
1
The HR 5xx handwheels feature the following operating elements:
1 EMERGENCY STOP button
2 Handwheel display for status display and function selection; for 2
further information, See "Handwheel display" on page 571.
3 Soft Keys
4 Axis selection keys; can be exchanged by the machine
manufacturer depending on the axis configuration
5 Permissive button 3
6 Arrow keys for defining handwheel sensitivity
7 Handwheel activation key 4
8 Key for TNC traverse direction of the selected axis 4
6
9 Rapid traverse superimposition for direction key
5
10 Spindle switch-on (machine-dependent function, key can be
7 6
exchanged by the machine manufacturer)
8 8
11 "Generate NC block" key (machine-dependent function, key can
be exchanged by the machine manufacturer) 9
10
12 Spindle switch-off (machine-dependent function, key can be 14
exchanged by the machine manufacturer) 11
13 CTRL key for special functions (machine-dependent function, key 12 15
can be exchanged by the machine manufacturer)
14 NC start (machine-dependent function, key can be exchanged by 13
the machine manufacturer)
15 NC stop (machine-dependent function, key can be exchanged by 16
the machine manufacturer)
16 Handwheel
17 Spindle speed potentiometer
18 Feed rate potentiometer 17 18
19 Cable connection, not available with the HR 550 FS wireless
handwheel
19

570 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.2 Moving the machine axes
Handwheel display
The handwheel display (see image) consists of a header and 6 status 2
1
lines in which the TNC shows the following information:
3
1 Only HR 550 FS wireless handwheel: 4 5 6
Shows whether the handwheel is in the docking station or 5
7 2
8 9 10 11
2
whether wireless operation is active 12 13
2 Only HR 550 FS wireless handwheel:
Shows the field strength, 6 bars = maximum field strength
3 Only HR 550 FS wireless handwheel: 14
Shows the charge status of the rechargeable battery, 6 bars =
fully charged A bar moves from the left to the right during
recharging
4 ACTL: Type of position display
5 Y+129.9788: Position of the selected axis
6 *: STIB (control in operation); program run has been started or
axis is in motion
7 S0: Current spindle speed
8 F0: Feed rate at which the selected axis is moving
9 E: Error message
10 3D: Tilted-working-plane function is active
11 2D: Basic rotation function is active
12 RES 5.0: Active handwheel resolution Distance in mm/rev (°/rev
for rotary axes) that the selected axis moves for one handwheel
revolution
13 STEP ON or OFF: Incremental jog active or inactive If the function
is active, the TNC additionally displays the current traversing step
14 Soft-key row: Selection of various functions, described in the
following sections

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 571

14.2 Moving the machine axes

Special features of the HR 550 FS wireless handwheel

Due to various potential sources of interference, a

wireless connection is not as reliable as a cable
connection. Before you use the wireless handwheel it
must therefore be checked whether there are any other
radio users in the surroundings of the machine. This
inspection for presence of radio frequencies or channels
is recommended for all industrial radio systems.
If the HR 550 is not needed, always put it in the
handwheel holder. This way you can ensure that the
handwheel batteries are always ready for use thanks to
the contact strip on the rear side of the wireless
handwheel and the recharge control, and that there is a
direct contact connection for the emergency stop circuit.
If an error (interruption of the radio connection, poor
reception quality, defective handwheel component)
occurs, the handwheel always reacts with an emergency
stop.
Please read the notes on the configuration of the HR 550
FS wireless handwheel (see "Configuring the HR 550 FS
wireless handwheel" on page 699)

Caution: Danger to the operator and machine!

Due to safety reasons you must switch off the wireless
handwheel and the handwheel holder after an operating
time of 120 hours at the latest so that the TNC can run a
functional test when it is restarted!
If you use several machines with wireless handwheels in
your workshop you have to mark the handwheels and
holders that belong together so that their respective
associations are clearly identifiable (e.g. by color stickers
or numbers). The markings on the wireless handwheel
and the handwheel holder must be clearly visible to the
user!
Before every use, make sure that the correct handwheel
for your machine is active.
1

572 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.2 Moving the machine axes
The HR 550 FS wireless handwheel features a rechargeable battery.
The battery is recharged when you put the handwheel in the holder
(see figure).
You can operate the HR 550 FS with the accumulator for up to 8 hours
before it must be recharged again. It is recommended, however, that
you always put the handwheel in its holder when you are not using it.
As soon as the handwheel is in its holder, it switches internally to
cable operation. In this way you can use the handwheel even if it were
completely discharged. The functions are the same as with wireless
operation.

When the handwheel is completely discharged, it takes

about 3 hours until it is fully recharged in the handwheel 1
holder.
Clean the contacts 1 in the handwheel holder and of the
handwheel regularly to ensure their proper functioning.

The transmission range is amply dimensioned. If you should

nevertheless happen to come near the edge of the transmission area,
which is possible with very large machines, the HR 550 FS warns you
in time with a plainly noticeable vibration alarm. If this happens you
must reduce the distance to the handwheel holder, into which the
radio receiver is integrated.

Caution: Danger to the tool and workpiece!

If interruption-free operation is no longer possible within
the transmission range the TNC automatically triggers an
emergency stop. This can also happen during machining.
Try to stay as close as possible to the handwheel holder
and put the handwheel in its holder when you are not
using it.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 573

14.2 Moving the machine axes

If the TNC has triggered an emergency stop you must reactivate the
handwheel. Proceed as follows:
 Select the Programming and Editing mode of operation
 Press the MOD key to select the MOD function
 Scroll through the soft-key row
 Select the configuration menu for the wireless
handwheel: Press the SET UP WIRELESS
HANDWHEEL soft key
 Click the Start handwheel button to reactivate the
wireless handwheel
 To save the configuration and exit the configuration
menu, press the END button
The MOD mode of operation includes a function for initial operation
and configuration of the handwheel (see "Configuring the HR 550 FS
wireless handwheel" on page 699).

Selecting the axis to be moved

You can activate directly through the axis address keys the principal
axes X, Y, Z and three other axes defined by the machine tool builder.
Your machine tool builder can also place the virtual axis VT directly on
one of the free axis keys. If the virtual axis VT is not on one of the axis
selection keys, proceed as follows:
 Press the handwheel soft key F1 (AX): The TNC displays all active
axes on the handwheel display. The currently active axis blinks
 Select the desired axis (e.g. the VT axis) with the handwheel soft
keys F1 (->) or F2 (<-) and confirm with the handwheel soft key F3
(OK)

Setting the handwheel sensitivity

The handwheel sensitivity specifies the distance an axis moves per
handwheel revolution. The sensitivity levels are pre-defined and are
selectable with the handwheel arrow keys (only when incremental jog
is not active).
Selectable sensitivity levels: 0.01/0.02/0.05/0.1/0.2/0.5/1/2/5/10/20
[mm/revolution or degrees/revolution]

574 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.2 Moving the machine axes
Moving the axes

Activate the handwheel: Press the handwheel key on

the HR 5xx: Now you can only operate the TNC via
the HR 5xx; the TNC shows a pop-up window
containing information on the TNC screen

Select the desired operating mode via the OPM soft key if necessary
(see "Changing operating modes" on page 577)

If required, press and hold the permissive buttons

Use the handwheel to select the axis to be moved.

Select the additional axes via soft key, if required

Move the active axis in the positive direction, or

Move the active axis in the negative direction

Deactivate the handwheel: Press the handwheel key

on the HR 5xx : Now you can operate the TNC again
via the operating panel

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 575

14.2 Moving the machine axes

Potentiometer settings
The potentiometers of the machine operating panel continue to be
active after you have activated the handwheel. If you want to use the
potentiometers on the handwheel, proceed as follows:
 Press the CTRL and Handwheel keys on the HR 5xx. The TNC
shows the soft-key menu for selecting the potentiometers on the
handwheel display
 Press the HW soft key to activate the handwheel potentiometers
If you have activated the potentiometers on the handwheel, you must
reactivate the potentiometers of the machine operating panel before
deselecting the handwheel. Proceed as follows:
 Press the CTRL and Handwheel keys on the HR 5xx. The TNC
shows the soft-key menu for selecting the potentiometers on the
handwheel display
 Press the KBD soft key to activate the potentiometers of the
machine operating panel

Incremental jog positioning

With incremental jog positioning the TNC moves the currently active
handwheel axis by a preset distance defined by you:
 Press the handwheel soft key F2 (STEP)
 Activate incremental jog positioning: Press handwheel soft key 3
(ON)
 Select the desired jog increment by pressing the F1 or F2 key. If you
press and hold the respective key, each time it reaches a decimal
value 0 the TNC increases the counting increment by a factor of 10.
By also pressing the CTRL key, you can increase the counting
increment to 1. The smallest possible jog increment is 0.0001 mm,
the largest possible is 10 mm.
 Confirm the selected jog increment with soft key 4 (OK)
 With the + or – handwheel key, move the active handwheel axis in
the corresponding direction

Inputting miscellaneous functions M

 Press the handwheel soft key F3 (MSF)
 Press the handwheel soft key F1 (M)
 Select the desired M function number by pressing the F1 or F2 key
 Execute the M function with the NC start key

576 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.2 Moving the machine axes
Inputting spindle speed S
 Press the handwheel soft key F3 (MSF)
 Press the handwheel soft key F2 (S)
 Select the desired speed by pressing the F1 or F2 key. If you press
and hold the respective key, each time it reaches a decimal value 0
the TNC increases the counting increment by a factor of 10. By also
pressing the CTRL key, you can increase the counting increment to
1000
 Activate the new speed S with the NC start key.

Entering the feed rate F

 Press the handwheel soft key F3 (MSF)
 Press the handwheel soft key F3 (F)
 Select the desired feed rate by pressing the F1 or F2 key. If you
press and hold the respective key, each time it reaches a decimal
value 0 the TNC increases the counting increment by a factor of 10.
By also pressing the CTRL key, you can increase the counting
increment to 1000
 Confirm the new feed rate F with the handwheel soft key F3 (OK)

Setting a datum
 Press the handwheel soft key F3 (MSF)
 Press the handwheel soft key F4 (PRS)
 If required, select the axis in which the datum is to be set
 Reset the axis with the handwheel soft key F3 (OK) or with F1 and
F2 set the desired value and then confirm with F3 (OK). By also
pressing the CTRL key, you can increase the counting increment to
10

Changing operating modes

With the handwheel soft key F4 (OPM) you can use the handwheel to
switch the mode of operation, provided that the current status of the
control allows a mode change.
 Press the handwheel soft key F4 (OPM)
 Select the desired operating mode by handwheel soft key
 MAN: Manual operation
 MDI: Positioning with manual input
 SGL: Program run, single block
 RUN: Program run, full sequence

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 577

14.2 Moving the machine axes

Generating a complete L block

Your machine tool builder can assign any function to the

"Generate NC block" handwheel key; refer to your
machine manual.

Use the MOD function to define the axis values to be

loaded into an NC block (see "Selecting the axes for
generating L blocks" on page 688).
If no axes are selected, the TNC displays the error
message No axes selected.

 Select the Positioning with MDI operating mode

 If required, use the arrow keys on the TNC keyboard to select the
NC block after which the new L block is to be inserted.
 Activate the handwheel
 Press the “Generate NC block” handwheel key: The TNC inserts a
complete L block containing all axis positions selected through the
MOD function.

Functions in the Program Run Operating Modes

You can use the following functions in the Program Run modes of
operation:
 NC start (handwheel key NC Start)
 NC stop (handwheel key NC Stop)
 After the NC-stop key has been pressed: Internal stop (handwheel
soft keys MOP and then Stop)
 After the NC-stop key has been pressed: Manual axis traverse
(handwheel soft keys MOP and then MAN)
 Returning to the contour after the axes were moved manually during
a program interruption (handwheel soft keys MOP and then REPO).
Operation is by handwheel soft keys, which function similarly to the
control-screen soft keys (see "Returning to the contour" on page
657)
 On/off switch for the Tilted Working Plane function (handwheel soft
keys MOP and then 3D)

578 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.3 Spindle speed S, feed rate F and miscellaneous functions M
14.3 Spindle speed S, feed rate F
and miscellaneous functions M
Application
In the Manual Operation and El. Handwheel operating modes, you can
enter the spindle speed S, feed rate F and the miscellaneous functions
M with soft keys. The miscellaneous functions are described in
Chapter 7 "Programming: Miscellaneous functions."

The machine tool builder determines which

miscellaneous functions M are available on your control
and what effects they have.

Entering values
Spindle speed S, miscellaneous function M

Enter the spindle speed: Press the S soft key

SPINDLE SPEED S=

1000 Enter the desired spindle speed and confirm your

entry with the machine START button

The spindle speed S with the entered rpm is started with a

miscellaneous function M. Proceed in the same way to enter a
miscellaneous function M.
Feed rate F
After entering a feed rate F, you must confirm your entry with the ENT
key instead of the machine START button.
The following is valid for feed rate F:
 If you enter F=0, then the lowest feed rate from MP1020 is effective
 F is not lost during a power interruption

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 579

14.3 Spindle speed S, feed rate F and miscellaneous functions M

Changing the spindle speed and feed rate

With the override knobs you can vary the spindle speed S and feed
rate F from 0% to 150% of the set value.

The override knob for spindle speed is only functional on

machines with infinitely variable spindle drive.

580 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.4 Functional safety FS (option)
14.4 Functional safety FS (option)
Miscellaneous
Every machine tool operator is exposed to certain risks. Although
protective devices can prevent access to dangerous points, the
operator must also be able to work on the machine without this
protection (e.g. protective door opened). Several guidelines and
regulations to minimize these risks have been developed within the
last few years.
The HEIDENHAIN safety concept integrated in the TNC controls
complies with Performance-Level d as per EN 13849-1 and SIL 2 as
per IEC 61508, features safety-related modes of operation in
accordance with EN 12417, and assures extensive operator
protection.
The basis of the HEIDENHAIN safety concept is the dual-channel
processor structure, which consists of the main computer (MC) and
one or more drive controller modules (CC= control computing unit). All
monitoring mechanisms are designed redundantly in the control
systems. Safety-relevant system data are subject to a mutual cyclic
data comparison. Safety-relevant errors always lead to safe stopping
of all drives through defined stop reactions.
Defined safety functions are triggered and safe operating statuses are
achieved via safety-relevant inputs and outputs (dual-channel
implementation), which have an influence on the system in all
operating modes.
In this chapter you will find explanations of the functions that are
additionally available on a TNC with functional safety.

You machine tool builder adapts the HEIDENHAIN safety

design to your machine. The machine manual provides
further information.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 581

14.4 Functional safety FS (option)

Explanation of terms
Safety-related operating modes:

Designation Short description

SOM_1 Safe operating mode 1: Automatic operation,
production mode

SOM_2 Safe operating mode 2: Set-up mode

SOM_3 Safe operating mode 3: Manual intervention;

only for qualified operators

SOM_4 Safe operating mode 4: Advanced manual

intervention, process monitoring

Safety functions

Designation Short description

SS0, SS1, SS1F, Safe stop: safe stopping of all drives using
SS2 different methods

STO Safe torque off: energy supply to the motor is

interrupted. Provides protection against
unexpected start of the drives

SOS Safe operating stop. Provides protection

against unexpected start of the drives

SLS Safely-limited speed. Prevents the drives

from exceeding the specified speed limits
when the protective door is opened

582 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.4 Functional safety FS (option)
Checking the axis positions

This function must be adapted to the TNC by your

machine manufacturer. The machine manual provides
further information.

After switch-on the TNC checks whether the position of an axis

matches the position directly after switch-off. If it differs, the TNC
marks this axis in the position display with a warning triangle after the
position value. Axes that are marked with a warning triangle can no
longer be moved while the door is opened.
In such cases you must approach a test position for the axes in
question. Proceed as follows:
 Select the Manual Operation mode
 Scroll through the soft-key row until you see a row listing all axes
that you have to move to the test position
 Via soft key, select an axis that you want to move to the test position

Danger of collision!
Approach the test positions successively in such a way
that no collision between tool and the workpiece or the
clamping devices can occur. If necessary, pre-position the
axes manually.

 Approach with NC start

 When the test position has been reached, the TNC asks whether the
position was approached correctly: Confirm with the YES soft key if
the TNC approached the test position correctly, and with NO if the
position was not approached correctly
 If you confirmed with YES, you must confirm the correctness of the
test position again with the permissive button on the machine
operating panel
 Repeat this procedure for all axes that you want to move to the test
position

The location of the test position is specified by your

machine tool builder. The machine manual provides
further information.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 583

14.4 Functional safety FS (option)

Overview of permitted feed rates and speeds

The TNC provides an overview of the permitted speeds and feed rates
for all axes depending on the active mode of operation.
 Select the Manual Operation mode

 Scroll to the last soft-key row

 Press the INFO SOM soft key: The TNC opens the
window containing the overview of permitted speeds
and feed rates

Column Meaning
SLS2 Safely limited speeds in the safety-related
operating mode 2(SOM_2) for the respective
axes

SLS3 Safely limited speeds in the safety-related

operating mode 3 (SOM_3) for the respective
axes

SLS4 Safely limited speeds in the safety-related

operating mode 4 (SOM_4) for the respective
axes

584 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.4 Functional safety FS (option)
Activating feed-rate limitation
When the F LIMITED soft key is set to ON, the TNC limits the
maximum permissible axis speeds to the specified, safely limited
speed. The valid speeds for the active mode of operation are shown
in theSafety-MP table (see "Overview of permitted feed rates and
speeds" on page 584).
 Select the Manual Operation mode

 Scroll to the last soft-key row

 Switch on/off feed rate limit

Additional status displays

On a control with functional safety FS, the general status display
contains additional information about the current status of safety
functions. The TNC shows this information as operating statuses of
the status displays T, S and F.

Status display Short description

STO Energy supply to the spindle or a feed drive is
interrupted.

SLS Safely-limited speed: A safely limited speed is

active.

SOS Safe operating stop: Safe operating stop is

active.

STO Safe torque off: Energy supply to the motor is

interrupted.

The TNC shows the active safety-related mode of operation with an

icon in the header to the right of the operating mode text. If the SOM_1
mode is active, the TNC does not display any icon.

Icon Safety-related operating mode

SOM_2 mode active

SOM_3 mode active

SOM_4 mode active

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 585

14.5 Workpiece presetting without a touch probe

14.5 Workpiece presetting without a

touch probe
Note

Workpiece presetting with a touch probe: See "Workpiece

presetting with a touch probe" on page 608.

You fix a preset by setting the TNC position display to the coordinates
of a known position on the workpiece.

Preparation
 Clamp and align the workpiece
 Insert the zero tool with known radius into the spindle
 Ensure that the TNC is showing the actual position values

586 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.5 Workpiece presetting without a touch probe
Workpiece presetting with axis keys

Protective measure Y

If the workpiece surface must not be scratched, you can

lay a metal shim of known thickness d on it. You then
enter a value that is greater than the desired preset by the
value d. Z
-R X
-R
Y
Select the Manual Operation mode

Move the tool slowly until it touches (scratches) the

workpiece surface

Select an axis (all axes can also be selected via the

ASCII keyboard)

DATUM SETTING Z=

Zero tool in spindle axis: Set the display to a known

workpiece position (here, 0) or enter the thickness d
of the shim. In the tool axis, offset the tool radius

Repeat the process for the remaining axes.

If the values for the tool in the tool axis have already been set, set the
display of the tool axis to the length L of the tool or enter the sum
Z=L+d

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 587

14.5 Workpiece presetting without a touch probe

Management of presets with the preset table

You should definitely manage your presets if:

 Your machine is equipped with rotary axes (tilting table
or swivel head) and you work with the function for tilting
the working plane
 Your machine is equipped with a spindle-head changing
system
 Up to now you have been working with older TNC
controls with REF-based datum tables
 You wish to machine identical workpieces that are
differently aligned
The preset table can contain any number of lines
(datums). To optimize the file size and the processing
speed, you should use only as many lines as you need for
preset management.
For safety reasons, new lines can be inserted only at the
end of the preset table.
If you switch the position display to INCH with the MOD
function, the TNC will also show the saved preset
coordinates in inches.

Machine parameter 7268.x can be used to arrange or hide

columns in the preset table as desired (see "List of general
user parameters" page 705 ff).

588 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.5 Workpiece presetting without a touch probe
Saving presets in the preset table
The preset table has the name PRESET.PR and is saved in the directory
TNC:\. PRESET.PR is editable only in the Manual Operation and
Electronic Handwheel modes. In the Programming and Editing mode
you can only read the table, not edit it.
It is permitted to copy the preset table into another directory (for data
backup). Lines that were written by your machine tool builder are also
always write-protected in the copied tables. You therefore cannot edit
them.
Never change the number of lines in the copied tables! That could
cause problems when you want to reactivate the table.
To activate the preset table copied to another directory you have to
copy it back to the directory TNC:\.
There are several methods for saving presets and/or basic rotations in
the preset table:
 Through probing cycles in the Manual or El. Handwheel modes (see
Chapter 14)
 Through probing cycles 400 to 402 and 410 to 419 in Automatic
mode (see the Cycles User's Manual, Chapters 14 and 15)
 Manual entry (see description below)

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 589

14.5 Workpiece presetting without a touch probe

Basic rotations from the preset table rotate the coordinate

system about the preset, which is shown in the same line
as the basic rotation.
When setting a preset, the TNC checks whether the
positions of the tilting axes match the corresponding
values of the 3D ROT menu (depending on the setting in
the kinematics table). Therefore:
 If the "Tilt working plane" function is not active, the
position display for the rotary axes must be = 0° (zero
the rotary axes if necessary).
 If the "Tilt working plane" function is active, the position
displays for the rotary axes must match the angles
entered in the 3-D ROT menu.
The machine manufacturer can lock any lines in the preset
table in order to place fixed datums there (e.g. a center
point for a rotary table). Such lines in the preset table are
shown in a different color (default: red).
The line 0 in the preset table is write protected. In line 0,
the TNC always saves the datum that you most recently
set manually via the axis keys or via soft key. If the datum
set manually is active, the TNC displays the text MAN(0) in
the status display
If you automatically set the TNC display with the touch-
probe cycles for presetting, then the TNC does not store
these values in line 0.

Danger of collision!
Keep in mind that moving an indexing feature on your
machine table (realized by changing the kinematics
description) may also shift datums that are not directly
connected to the indexing feature.

590 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.5 Workpiece presetting without a touch probe
Manually saving the presets in the preset table
In order to save presets in the preset table, proceed as follows:

Select the Manual Operation mode

Move the tool slowly until it touches (scratches) the

workpiece surface, or position the measuring dial
correspondingly

Display the preset table: The TNC opens the preset

table and sets the cursor to the active table row

Select functions for entering the presets: The TNC

displays the available possibilities for entry in the soft-
key row. See the table below for a description of the
entry possibilities

Select the line in the preset table that you want to

change (the line number is the datum number)

If needed, select the column (axis) in the preset table

that you want to change

Use the soft keys to select one of the available entry

possibilities (see the following table)

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 591

14.5 Workpiece presetting without a touch probe

Function Soft key

Directly transfer the actual position of the tool
(the measuring dial) as the new datum: This
function only saves the datum in the axis which
is currently highlighted

Assign any value to the actual position of the tool

(the measuring dial): This function only saves the
datum in the axis which is currently highlighted.
Enter the desired value in the pop-up window

Incrementally shift a preset already stored in the

table: This function only saves the preset in the
axis which is currently highlighted. Enter the
desired corrective value with the correct sign in
the pop-up window. If inch display is active: Enter
the value in inches, and the TNC will internally
convert the entered values to mm

Directly enter the new datum without calculation

of the kinematics (axis-specific). Only use this
function if your machine has a rotary table, and
you want to set the preset to the center of the
rotary table by entering 0. This function only
saves the preset in the axis which is currently
highlighted. Enter the desired value in the pop-up
window. If inch display is active: Enter the value
in inches, and the TNC will internally convert the
entered values to mm

Write the currently active preset to a selectable

line in the table: This function saves the preset in
all axes, and then activates the appropriate row in
the table automatically. If inch display is active:
Enter the value in inches, and the TNC will
internally convert the entered values to mm

592 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.5 Workpiece presetting without a touch probe
Editing the preset table

Editing function in table mode Soft key

Select beginning of table

Select end of table

Select previous page in table

Select next page in table

Select the functions for entry of presets

Activate the preset of the selected line of the

preset table

Add the entered number of lines to the end of the

table (2nd soft-key row)

Copy the highlighted field (2nd soft-key row)

Insert the copied field (2nd soft-key row)

Reset the selected line: The TNC enters - in all

columns (2nd soft-key row)

Insert a single line at the end of the table (2nd

soft-key row)

Delete a single line at the end of the table (2nd

soft-key row)

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 593

14.5 Workpiece presetting without a touch probe

Activating a preset from the preset table in the Manual Operation

mode

Danger of collision!
When activating a preset from the preset table, the TNC
resets the active datum shift.
However, a coordinate transformation that was
programmed in Cycle 19 Tilted Working Plane, or through
the PLANE function, remains active.
If you activate a datum that does not contain values in all
coordinates, the last effective datum remains active in
these axes.

Select the Manual Operation mode

Display the preset table

Select the preset number that you want to activate, or

With the GOTO key, select the preset number that

you want to activate. Confirm with the ENT key

Activate the datum

Confirm activation of the preset. The TNC sets the

display and—if defined—the basic rotation

Exit the preset table

Activating a preset from the preset table in an NC program

To activate datums from the preset table during program run, use
Cycle 247. In Cycle 247 you only define the number of the datum that
you want to activate (see User's Manual for Cycles, Cycle 247 SET
DATUM).

594 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.6 Using touch-probes
14.6 Using touch-probes
Overview

Please note that HEIDENHAIN grants a warranty for the

function of the touch probe cycles only if HEIDENHAIN
touch probes are used!

The following touch probe cycles are available in the Manual Operation
mode:

Function Soft key Page

Calibrating the effective length Page 599

Calibrating the effective radius Page 600

Measuring a basic rotation using a line Page 604

Setting the datum in any axis Page 608

Setting a corner as preset Page 609

Set a circle center as preset Page 610

Setting the centerline as preset Page 611

Measuring a basic rotation using two Page 612

holes/circular studs

Setting a preset using four holes/circular Page 612

studs

Setting a circle center using three Page 612

holes/studs

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 595

14.6 Using touch-probes

Selecting touch probe cycles

 Select the Manual Operation or El. Handwheel mode of operation
 Select the touch probe functions: Press the TOUCH
PROBE soft key. The TNC displays additional soft
keys: see table above
 Select the touch probe cycle by pressing the
appropriate soft key, for example PROBING ROT for
the TNC to display the associated menu

Recording measured values from the touch-

probe cycles

The TNC must be specially prepared by the machine tool

builder for use of this function. The machine manual
provides further information.

After executing any selected probe cycle, the TNC displays the soft
key PRINT. If you press this soft key, the TNC will record the current
values determined in the active touch probe cycle. You can then use
the PRINT function in the menu for setting the data interface (see the
User's Manual Chapter 12, "MOD Functions, Setting the Data
Interfaces") to define whether the TNC is to
 print the measuring result,
 store the measuring results on the TNC’s hard disk, or
 store the measuring results on a PC.
If you store the measuring results, the TNC creates the ASCII file
%TCHPRNT.A. Unless you define a specific path and interface in the
interface configuration menu, the TNC will store the %TCHPRNT file
in the main directory TNC:\.

When you press the PRINT soft key, the %TCHPRNT.A

file must not be active in the Programming and Editing
mode of operation. The TNC will otherwise display an error
message.
The TNC stores the measured data in the %TCHPRNT.A
file only. If you execute several touch probe cycles in
succession and want to store the resulting measured data,
you must make a backup of the contents stored in
%TCHPRNT.A between the individual cycles by copying
or renaming the file.
Format and contents of the %TCHPRNT file are preset by
the machine tool builder.

596 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.6 Using touch-probes
Writing the measured values from touch probe
cycles to datum tables

This function is active only if you have datum tables active

on your TNC (bit 3 in Machine Parameter 7224.0 =0).
Use this function if you want to save measured values in
the workpiece coordinate system. If you want to save
measured values in the machine-based coordinate system
(REF coordinates), press the ENTER IN PRESET TABLE
soft key (see "Writing the measured values from touch
probe cycles in the preset table" on page 598).

With the ENTER IN DATUM TABLE soft key, the TNC can write the
values measured during a touch probe cycle in a datum table:

Danger of collision!
Note that during an active datum shift the TNC always
bases the probed value on the active datum (or on the
datum most recently set in the Manual operating mode),
although the datum shift is included in the position display.

 Select any probe function

 Enter the desired coordinates of the datum in the appropriate input
boxes (depends on the touch probe cycle being run)
 Enter the datum number in the Number in table = input box
 Enter the name of the datum table (complete path) in the Datum
table input box
 Press the ENTER IN DATUM TABLE soft key. The TNC saves the
datum in the indicated datum table under the entered number.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 597

14.6 Using touch-probes

Writing the measured values from touch probe

cycles in the preset table

Use this function if you want to save measured values in

the machine-based coordinate system (REF coordinates).
If you want to save measured values in the workpiece
coordinate system, press the ENTER IN DATUM TABLE
soft key (see "Writing the measured values from touch
probe cycles to datum tables" on page 597).

With the ENTER IN PRESET TABLE soft key, the TNC can write the
values measured during a probe cycle in the preset table. The
measured values are then stored referenced to the machine-based
coordinate system (REF coordinates). The preset table has the name
PRESET.PR, and is saved in the directory TNC:\.

Danger of collision!
Note that during an active datum shift the TNC always
bases the probed value on the active datum (or on the
datum most recently set in the Manual operating mode),
although the datum shift is included in the position display.

 Select any probe function

 Enter the desired coordinates of the datum in the appropriate input
boxes (depends on the touch probe cycle being run)
 Enter the datum number in the Number in table: input box
 Press the ENTER IN PRESET TABLE soft key. The TNC saves the
datum in the preset table under the entered number

If you overwrite the active preset, the TNC shows a

warning. If you really want to overwrite it, press the ENT
key. If not, press the NO ENT key.

Storing measured values in the pallet preset

table

You use this function for determining pallet presets. This

function must be enabled by your machine tool builder.
In order to store a measured value in the pallet preset
table, you must activate a zero preset before probing. A
zero preset consists of the entry 0 in all axes of the preset
table!

 Select any probe function

 Enter the desired coordinates of the datum in the appropriate input
boxes (depends on the touch probe cycle being run)
 Enter the datum number in the Number in table: input box
 Press the ENTER IN PALLET PRES. TAB. soft key. The TNC saves
the datum in the pallet preset table under the entered number

598 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.7 Calibrating touch probes
14.7 Calibrating touch probes
Introduction
In order to precisely specify the actual trigger point of a touch probe,
you must calibrate the touch probe, otherwise the TNC cannot provide
precise measuring results.

Always calibrate a touch probe in the following cases:

 Initial configuration
 Stylus breakage
 Stylus exchange
 Change in the probe feed rate
 Irregularities caused, for example, when the machine
heats up
 Change of active tool axis

During calibration, the TNC finds the "effective" length of the stylus
and the "effective" radius of the ball tip. To calibrate the touch probe,
clamp a ring gauge of known height and known internal radius to the
machine table.

Calibrating the effective length

The effective length of the touch probe is always

referenced to the tool datum. The machine tool builder
usually defines the spindle tip as the tool datum.
Z
 Set the datum in the spindle axis such that for the machine tool table
Z=0.
 To select the calibration function for the touch probe Y
length, press the TOUCH PROBE and CAL. L soft
keys. The TNC then displays a menu window with
four input fields 5
X
 Enter the tool axis (with the axis key)
 Datum: Enter the height of the ring gauge
 The menu items Effective ball radius and Effective
length do not require input
 Move the touch probe to a position just above the ring
gauge
 To change the traverse direction (if necessary), press
a soft key or an arrow key
 To probe the upper surface, press the NC Start button

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 599

14.7 Calibrating touch probes

Calibrating the effective radius and

compensating center offset
After the touch probe is inserted, it normally needs to be aligned
exactly with the spindle axis. The calibration function determines the
misalignment between touch probe axis and spindle axis and
computes the compensation.
The calibration routine varies depending on the setting of Machine Z
Parameter 6165 (spindle orientation active/inactive). If the function for
orienting the infrared touch probe to the programmed probe direction
is active, the calibration cycle is executed after you have pressed NC Y
Start once. If the function is not active, you can decide whether you
want to compensate the center misalignment by calibrating the
effective radius. X
The TNC rotates the touch probe by 180° for calibrating the center 10
misalignment. The rotation is initiated by a miscellaneous function that
is set by the machine tool builder in Machine Parameter 6160.
Proceed as follows for manual calibration:
 In the Manual Operation mode, position the ball tip inside the bore
of the ring gauge
 To select the calibration function for the ball-tip radius
and the touch probe center misalignment, press the
CAL. R soft key
 Select the tool axis and enter the radius of the ring
gauge
 Probing: press the NC Start button four times. The
touch probe contacts a position on the hole in each
axis direction and calculates the effective ball-tip
radius
 If you want to terminate the calibration function at this
point, press the END soft key

In order to be able to determine the ball-tip center

misalignment, the TNC needs to be specially prepared by
the machine manufacturer. The machine manual provides
further information.

 If you want to determine the ball-tip center

misalignment, press the 180° soft key. The TNC
rotates the touch probe by 180°
 Probing: press the NC Start button four times. The
touch probe contacts a position in the hole in each
axis direction and calculates the ball-tip center
misalignment

600 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.7 Calibrating touch probes
Displaying calibration values
The TNC stores the effective length and radius, as well as the center
misalignment, for use when the touch probe is needed again. You can
display the values on the screen with the soft keys CAL. L and CAL. R.

If you want to use several touch probes or calibration data

blocks: See "Managing more than one block of calibration
data" on page 601.

Managing more than one block of calibration

data
If you use several touch probes or measuring contacts arranged in a
cross shape on your machine, you must also use several blocks of
calibration data.
To be able to use more than one block of calibration data, you must set
Machine Parameter 7411=1. To find the calibration data, proceed in
the same way as is done with one single touch probe. When exiting
the Calibration menu, press the ENT key to confirm the entry of the
calibration data in the tool table and for the TNC to save the calibration
data in the tool table.
The TNC saves the calibration data in the following columns of the tool
table:
 Effective ball tip radius (column R)
 Center misalignment X: CAL-OF1
 Center misalignment Y: CAL-OF2
 Calibration angle: ANGLE
 Averaged center misalignment (only effective for cycle 441): DR
The line of the tool table, to which the TNC saves the data, is
determined by the active tool number.

Make sure that you have activated the correct tool number
before using the touch probe, regardless of whether you
wish to run the touch probe cycle in automatic mode or
manual mode.
If MP 7411=1 is set, the TNC shows the tool number and
name in the calibration menu.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 601

14.8 Compensating workpiece misalignment with a 3-D touch probe

14.8 Compensating workpiece

misalignment with a 3-D touch
probe
Introduction
The TNC electronically compensates workpiece misalignment by
computing a "basic rotation."
For this purpose, the TNC sets the rotation angle to the desired angle
with respect to the reference axis in the working plane. See figure at
right. Y Y
As an alternative, you can also compensate the misalignment by
rotating the rotary table.

Select the probe direction perpendicular to the angle

reference axis when measuring workpiece misalignment. PA
To ensure that the basic rotation is calculated correctly
during program run, program both coordinates of the X X
working plane in the first positioning block. A B

You can also use a basic rotation in conjunction with the

PLANE function. In this case, first activate the basic
rotation and then the PLANE function.
If you change the basic rotation, the TNC asks you if you
also want to save the changed basic rotation in the active
line of the preset table when you exit the menu. In this
case, confirm with the ENT key.

If your machine has been prepared for it, the TNC can also
conduct a real, three-dimensional set-up compensation. If
necessary, contact your machine tool builder.
Setting bit 18 in MP7680 suppresses the error message
Axis angle not equal to tilt angle when a manual
probing cycle is used to measure a basic rotation or to
align the workpiece by means of the rotary axis. This way
you can determine the basic rotation at positions that
would not be accessible without tilting the head.

602 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.8 Compensating workpiece misalignment with a 3-D touch probe
Probing with inclined touch probe
Another way to set a basic rotation is to manually position the axes to
any desired inclined angle. This may be necessary if the positions of
the touch points make it impossible to probe them with the home
setting of the rotary axes.

If inclined probing is necessary, do not activate the

function for tilting the working plane. Otherwise the TNC
will not show the selection soft keys for the basic rotation
function.

Overview

Cycle Soft key

Basic rotation using 2 points:
The TNC measures the angle between the line
connecting the two holes and a nominal position
(angle reference axis).

Basic rotation using 2 holes/studs:

The TNC measures the angle between the line
connecting the centers of two holes/studs and a
nominal position (angle reference axis).

Workpiece alignment using 2 points:

The TNC measures the angle between the line
connecting the two points and a nominal position
(angle reference axis) and compensates the
misalignment by turning the rotary table.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 603

14.8 Compensating workpiece misalignment with a 3-D touch probe

Basic rotation using 2 points:

 Select the probe function by pressing the PROBING
ROT soft key
 Position the touch probe at a position near the first
touch point
 Select the probe direction perpendicular to the angle
reference axis: Select the axis by soft key
 Start the probing procedure: Press the NC Start button
 Position the touch probe at a position near the second
touch point
 Probing: press the NC Start button. The TNC
determines the basic rotation and displays the angle
after the dialog Rotation angle =

Saving the basic rotation in the preset table

 After the probing process, enter the preset number in which the
TNC is to save the active basic rotation in the Number in table:
input box
 Press the ENTRY IN PRESET TABLE soft key to save the basic
rotation in the preset table

Storing the basic rotation in the pallet preset table

In order to store a basic rotation in the pallet preset table,

you must activate a zero preset before probing. A zero
preset consists of the entry 0 in all axes of the preset
table!

 After the probing process, enter the preset number in which the
TNC is to save the active basic rotation in the Number in table:
input box
 Press the ENTRY IN PALLET PRES. TAB. soft key to save the basic
rotation in the pallet preset table
The TNC shows an active pallet preset in the additional status display
(see "General pallet information (PAL tab)" on page 89).

604 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.8 Compensating workpiece misalignment with a 3-D touch probe
Displaying a basic rotation
The angle of the basic rotation appears after ROTATION ANGLE
whenever PROBING ROT is selected. The TNC also displays the
rotation angle in the additional status display (STATUS POS.)
In the status display a symbol is shown for a basic rotation whenever
the TNC is moving the axes according to a basic rotation.

Canceling a basic rotation

 Select the probe function by pressing the PROBING ROT soft key
 Enter a rotation angle of zero and confirm with the ENT key.
 Terminate the probe function by pressing the END key

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 605

14.8 Compensating workpiece misalignment with a 3-D touch probe

Determining basic rotation using 2 holes/studs:

 Select the probe function by pressing the PROBING
ROT soft key (soft-key row 2)
 Circular studs are to be probed. Define by soft key

 Holes are to be probed. Define by soft key

Probing holes
Pre-position the touch probe approximately in the center of the hole.
After you have pressed the NC Start key, the TNC automatically
probes four points on the wall of the hole.
Move the touch probe to the next hole, repeat the probing operation
and have the TNC repeat the probing procedure until all the holes have
been probed to set reference points.

Probing circular studs

Position the ball tip at a starting position near the first touch point of
the stud. Select the probing direction by soft key and press the
machine START button to start probing. Perform the above procedure
four times.

Saving the basic rotation in the preset table

 After the probing process, enter the preset number in which the
TNC is to save the active basic rotation in the Number in table:
input box
 Press the ENTRY IN PRESET TABLE soft key to save the basic
rotation in the preset table

606 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.8 Compensating workpiece misalignment with a 3-D touch probe
Workpiece alignment using 2 points
 Select the probe function by pressing the PROBING
ROT soft key (soft-key row 2)
 Position the touch probe at a position near the first
touch point
 Select the probe direction perpendicular to the angle
reference axis: Select the axis by soft key
 Start the probing procedure: Press the NC Start button
 Position the touch probe at a position near the second
touch point
 Probing: press the NC Start button. The TNC
determines the basic rotation and displays the angle
after the dialog Rotation angle =

Workpiece alignment:

Danger of collision!
Retract the touch probe before alignment so as to exclude
a collision with the fixtures or workpieces.

 Press the POSITION ROTARY TABLE soft key. The TNC will show
a warning that the touch probe must be retracted
 Start alignment with NC Start: The TNC will position the rotary table
 After the probing process, enter the preset number in which the
TNC is to save the active basic rotation in the Number in table:
input box

Saving the misalignment in the preset table

 After the probing process, enter the preset number in which the
TNC is to save the measured misalignment in the Number in table:
input box
 Press the ENTRY IN PRESET TABLE soft key to save the angle value
as displacement in the rotary axis in the preset table

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 607

14.9 Workpiece presetting with a touch probe

14.9 Workpiece presetting with a

touch probe
Overview
The following soft-key functions are available for setting a preset on an
aligned workpiece:
Soft key Function Page
Presetting in any axis Page 608

Setting a corner as preset Page 609

Set a circle center as preset Page 610

Center line as preset Page 611

Danger of collision!
Note that during an active datum shift the TNC always
bases the probed value on the active datum (or on the
datum most recently set in the Manual operating mode),
although the datum shift is included in the position display.

Workpiece presetting in any axis

 To select the touch probe function, press the
PROBING POS soft key
 Move the touch probe to a position near the touch
point
 Use the soft keys to select the probe axis and Z
direction in which you want to set the preset, such as
Z in direction Z– Y
 Start the probing procedure: Press the NC Start button
 Datum: Enter the nominal coordinate and confirm your X
entry with the SET DATUM soft key, or write the
value to a table (see "Writing the measured values
from touch probe cycles to datum tables", page 597,
or see "Writing the measured values from touch
probe cycles in the preset table", page 598, or see
"Storing measured values in the pallet preset table",
page 598)
 To terminate the probe function, press the END key

608 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.9 Workpiece presetting with a touch probe
Corner as preset—using points that were
already probed for a basic rotation
 Select the touch probe function: Press the PROBING
P soft key
 Touch points of basic rotation ?: Pressing the ENT Y Y
key to transfer the touch point coordinates to
memory
 Position the touch probe at a position near the first
touch point of the side that was not probed for basic
rotation
Y=?
 Select the probe direction by soft key P P

 Start the probing procedure: Press the NC Start button

X X
 Position the touch probe near the second touch point X=?
on the same workpiece edge
 Start the probing procedure: Press the NC Start button
 Datum: Enter both coordinates of the datum in the
menu window, confirm with the SET DATUM soft
key, or write the values to a table (see "Writing the
measured values from touch probe cycles to datum
tables", page 597, or see "Writing the measured
values from touch probe cycles in the preset table",
page 598, or see "Storing measured values in the
pallet preset table", page 598)
 To terminate the probe function, press the END key

Corner as datum—without using points that

were already probed for a basic rotation
 Select the touch probe function: Press the PROBING P soft key
 Touch points of basic rotation ?: Press the NO ENT key to ignore
the previous touch points. (The dialog question only appears if a
basic rotation was made previously.)
 Probe both workpiece edges twice
 Datum: Enter the coordinates of the datum and confirm your entry
with the SET DATUM soft key, or write the values to a table (see
"Writing the measured values from touch probe cycles to datum
tables", page 597, or see "Writing the measured values from touch
probe cycles in the preset table", page 598, or see "Storing
measured values in the pallet preset table", page 598)
 To terminate the probe function, press the END key

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 609

14.9 Workpiece presetting with a touch probe

Circle center as preset

With this function, you can set the preset at the center of bore holes,
circular pockets, cylinders, studs, circular islands, etc. Y
Inside circle:
The TNC probes the inside wall of a circle in all four coordinate axis
directions. Y+

For incomplete circles (circular arcs) you can choose the appropriate
probing direction. X– X+

 Position the touch probe approximately in the center of the circle

 Select the touch probe function: Press the PROBING
CC soft key Y–

 Probing: press the NC Start button four times. The

touch probe touches four points on the inside of the X
circle
 If you are probing to find the stylus center (only
available on machines with spindle orientation,
depending on MP6160), press the 180° soft key and
Y
probe another four points on the inside of the circle Y–
 If you are not probing to find the stylus center, press
the END key X+

 Datum: In the menu window, enter both coordinates of

the circle center, confirm with the SET DATUM soft
key, or write the values to a table (see "Writing the
measured values from touch probe cycles to datum
tables", page 597, or see "Writing the measured X–
values from touch probe cycles in the preset table",
page 598)
 To terminate the probing function, press the END key
Y+ X
Outside circle:
 Position the touch probe at a position near the first touch point
outside of the circle
 Select the probe direction by soft key
 Probing: press the NC Start button
 Repeat the probing process for the remaining three points. See
figure at lower right
 Datum: Enter the coordinates of the datum and confirm your entry
with the SET DATUM soft key, or write the values to a table (see
"Writing the measured values from touch probe cycles to datum
tables", page 597, or see "Writing the measured values from touch
probe cycles in the preset table", page 598, or see "Storing
measured values in the pallet preset table", page 598)
 To terminate the probe function, press the END key

After the probing procedure is completed, the TNC displays the

current coordinates of the circle center and the circle radius PR.

610 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.9 Workpiece presetting with a touch probe
Center line as preset
 Select the probe function: Press the PROBING soft
key Y
 Position the touch probe at a position near the first
touch point
 Select the probing direction by soft key
 Start the probing procedure: Press the NC Start button X– X+
 Position the touch probe at a position near the second
touch point
 Start the probing procedure: Press the NC Start button
 Datum: Enter the coordinate of the datum in the menu
window, confirm with the SET DATUM soft key, or
write the value to a table (see "Writing the measured X
values from touch probe cycles to datum tables",
page 597, or see "Writing the measured values from
touch probe cycles in the preset table", page 598, or
see "Storing measured values in the pallet preset
table", page 598) Y
 To terminate the probe function, press the END key

X+ X–

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 611

14.9 Workpiece presetting with a touch probe

Setting presets using holes/circular studs

A second soft-key row provides soft keys for using holes or circular
studs to set a reference point.

Defining whether a hole or stud is to be probed

The default setting is for probing holes.
 Select the probe function by pressing the TOUCH
PROBE soft key, shift the soft-key row
 Select the probe function: For example, press the
PROBING P soft key
 Circular studs are to be probed. Define by soft key

 Holes are to be probed. Define by soft key

Probing holes
Pre-position the touch probe approximately in the center of the hole.
After you have pressed the NC Start key, the TNC automatically
probes four points on the wall of the hole.
Move the touch probe to the next hole, repeat the probing operation
and have the TNC repeat the probing procedure until all the holes have
been probed to set reference points.

Probing circular studs

Position the ball tip at a starting position near the first touch point of
the stud. Select the probing direction by soft key and press the
machine START button to start probing. Perform the above procedure
four times.

Overview
Cycle Soft key
Basic rotation using 2 holes:
The TNC measures the angle between the line
connecting the centers of two holes and a nominal
position (angle reference axis).

Preset using 4 holes:

The TNC calculates the intersection of the line
connecting the first two probed holes with the line
connecting the last two probed holes. You need to
probe diagonally opposite holes one after another (as
shown on the soft key), as otherwise the datum
calculated by the TNC will be incorrect.

Circle center using 3 holes:

The TNC calculates a circle that intersects the centers
of all three holes, and finds the center.

612 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.9 Workpiece presetting with a touch probe
Measuring the workpiece with a touch probe
You can also use the touch probe in the Manual Operation and El.
Handwheel operating modes to make simple measurements on the
workpiece. Numerous programmable probe cycles are available for
complex measuring tasks (see User's Manual for Cycles, Chapter 16,
Checking workpieces automatically). With a touch probe you can
determine:
 Position coordinates, and from them,
 Dimensions and angles on the workpiece

Finding the coordinates of a position on an aligned workpiece

 Select the probing function: Press the PROBING POS
soft key
 Move the touch probe to a position near the touch
point
 Select the probe direction and axis of the coordinate.
Use the corresponding soft keys for selection
 To start probing, press the NC Start button
The TNC shows the coordinates of the touch point as reference point.

Finding the coordinates of a corner in the working plane

Find the coordinates of the corner point: See "Corner as datum—
without using points that were already probed for a basic rotation" on
page 609. The TNC displays the coordinates of the probed corner as
reference point.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 613

14.9 Workpiece presetting with a touch probe

Measuring workpiece dimensions

 Select the probing function: Press the PROBING POS
soft key
Z
 Position the touch probe at a position near the first
touch point A
 Select the probing direction by soft key
 Start the probing procedure: Press the NC Start button
 If you need the current datum later, write down the A
value that appears in the Datum display Y

 Datum: Enter "0" B X

 Cancel the dialog: Press the END key
l
 Select the probing function again: Press the PROBING
POS soft key
 Position the touch probe at a position near the second
touch point B
 Select the probe direction with the soft keys: Same
axis but from the opposite direction
 Start the probing procedure: Press the NC Start button
The value displayed as preset is the distance between the two points
on the coordinate axis.
To return to the preset that was active before the length
measurement:
 Select the probing function: Press the PROBING POS soft key
 Probe the first touch point again
 Set the datum to the value that you wrote down previously
 Cancel the dialog: Press the END key
Angle measurement
You can use a touch probe to measure angles in the working plane.
You can measure
 the angle between the angle reference axis and a workpiece edge,
or
 the angle between two sides
The measured angle is displayed as a value of maximum 90°.

614 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.9 Workpiece presetting with a touch probe
Finding the angle between the angle reference axis and a
workpiece edge
 Select the probe function by pressing the PROBING
ROT soft key
 Rotation angle: If you need the current basic rotation
later, write down the value that appears under
Rotation angle
 Make a basic rotation with workpiece edge to be
compared (see "Compensating workpiece
misalignment with a 3-D touch probe" on page 602)
 Press the PROBING ROT soft key to display the angle
between the angle reference axis and the workpiece
edge as the rotation angle
PA
 Cancel the basic rotation, or restore the previous basic
rotation
 Set the rotation angle to the value that you previously
wrote down
Measuring the angle between two workpiece edges
Z
 Select the probe function by pressing the PROBING ROT soft key
 Rotation angle: If you need the current basic rotation later, write L?
Y
down the displayed rotation angle
 Make a basic rotation with first workpiece edge (see "Compensating a?
100
workpiece misalignment with a 3-D touch probe" on page 602) X
 Probe the second edge as for a basic rotation, but do not set the a?
rotation angle to zero!
 Press the PROBING ROT soft key to display the angle PA between
the workpiece edges as the rotation angle
100
 Cancel the basic rotation, or restore the previous basic rotation by –10
setting the rotation angle to the value that you wrote down
previously

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 615

14.9 Workpiece presetting with a touch probe

Using touch probe functions with mechanical

probes or dial gauges
If you do not have an electronic touch probe on your machine, you can
also use all the previously described manual touch probe functions
(exception: calibration function) with mechanical probes or by simply
touching the workpiece with the tool.
In place of the electronic signal generated automatically by a touch
probe during probing, you can manually initiate the trigger signal for
capturing the probing position by pressing a key. Proceed as follows:
 Select any touch probe function by soft key
 Move the mechanical probe to the first position to be
captured by the TNC
 Confirm the position: Press the actual-position-
capture key for the TNC to save the current position
 Move the mechanical probe to the next position to be
captured by the TNC
 Confirm the position: Press the actual-position-
capture key for the TNC to save the current position
 If required, move to additional positions and capture
as described previously
 Datum: In the menu window, enter the coordinates of
the new datum, confirm with the SET DATUM soft
key, or write the values to a table (see "Writing the
measured values from touch probe cycles to datum
tables", page 597, or see "Writing the measured
values from touch probe cycles in the preset table",
page 598)
 To terminate the probing function, press the END key

616 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.10 Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
14.10 Tilting the working plane
(software option 1)
Application, function

The functions for tilting the working plane are interfaced to

the TNC and the machine tool by the machine tool builder.
With some swivel heads and tilting tables, the machine
tool builder determines whether the entered angles are Y
interpreted as coordinates of the rotary axes or as angular Z
components of a tilted plane. Refer to your machine
manual. B

The TNC supports the tilting functions on machine tools with swivel
heads and/or tilting tables. Typical applications are, for example, 10°
oblique holes or contours in an oblique plane. The working plane is
always tilted around the active datum. The program is written as usual
in a main plane, such as the X/Y plane, but is executed in a plane that X
is tilted relative to the main plane.
There are three functions available for tilting the working plane:
 Manual tilting with the 3-D ROT soft key in the Manual Operation
mode and Electronic Handwheel mode, see "Activating manual
tilting", page 621
 Tilting under program control, Cycle 19 WORKING PLANE in the part
program (see User’s Manual for Cycles, Cycle 19 WORKING
PLANE)
 Tilting under program control, PLANE function in the part program
(see "The PLANE function: Tilting the working plane (software
option 1)" on page 489)
The TNC functions for "tilting the working plane" are coordinate
transformations. The working plane is always perpendicular to the
direction of the tool axis.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 617

14.10 Tilting the working plane (software option 1)

When tilting the working plane, the TNC differentiates between two
machine types:
 Machine with tilting table
 You must tilt the workpiece into the desired position for
machining by positioning the tilting table, for example with an L
block.
 The position of the transformed tool axis does not change in
relation to the machine-based coordinate system. Thus if you
rotate the table—and therefore the workpiece—by 90° for
example, the coordinate system does not rotate. If you press the
Z+ axis direction button in the Manual Operation mode, the tool
moves in Z+ direction.
 In calculating the transformed coordinate system, the TNC
considers only the mechanically influenced offsets of the
particular tilting table (the so-called "translational" components).
 Machine with swivel head
 You must bring the tool into the desired position for machining by
positioning the swivel head, for example with an L block.
 The position of the transformed tool axis changes in relation to the
machine-based coordinate system. Thus if you rotate the swivel
head of your machine—and therefore the tool—in the B axis by
90° for example, the coordinate system rotates also. If you press
the Z+ axis direction button in the Manual Operation mode, the
tool moves in X+ direction of the machine-based coordinate
system.
 In calculating the transformed coordinate system, the TNC
considers both the mechanically influenced offsets of the
particular swivel head (the so-called "translational" components)
and offsets caused by tilting of the tool (3-D tool length
compensation).

618 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.10 Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
Traversing reference points in tilted axes
With tilted axes, you use the machine axis direction buttons to cross
over the reference points. The TNC interpolates the corresponding
axes. Be sure that the function for tilting the working plane is active in
the Manual Operation mode and that the actual angle of the tilted axis
was entered in the menu field.

Setting a preset in a tilted coordinate system

After you have positioned the rotary axes, set the preset in the same
manner as for a non-tilted system. The behavior of the TNC during
presetting depends on the settings of Machine Parameter 7500 in
your kinematics table:
 MP7500, bit 5=0
With an active tilted working plane, the TNC checks during datum
setting in the X, Y and Z axes whether the current coordinates of the
rotary axes agree with the tilt angles that you defined (3-D ROT
menu). If the tilted working plane function is not active, the TNC
checks whether the rotary axes are at 0° (actual positions). If the
positions do not agree, the TNC will display an error message.
 MP7500, bit 5=1
The TNC does not check whether the current coordinates of the
rotary axes (actual positions) agree with the tilt angles that you
defined.

Danger of collision!
Always set a reference point in all three reference axes.
If your machine tool is not equipped with axis control, you
must enter the actual position of the rotary axis in the
menu for manual tilting: The actual positions of one or
several rotary axes must match the entry. Otherwise the
TNC will calculate an incorrect datum.

Datum setting on machines with rotary tables

If you use a rotary table to align the workpiece, for example with
probing cycle 403, you must set the table position value to zero after
alignment and before setting the preset in the linear axes X, Y and Z.
Otherwise, the TNC generates an error message. Cycle 403 provides
you with an input parameter for this purpose (see User’s Manual for
Touch Probe Cycles, "Basic Rotation Compensation via Rotary Axis").

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 619

14.10 Tilting the working plane (software option 1)

Datum setting on machines with spindle-head

changing systems
If your machine is equipped with a spindle head changer, you should
use the datum table to manage your datums. Datums saved in datum
tables account for the active machine kinematics (head geometry). If
you exchange heads, the TNC accounts for the new head dimensions
so that the active preset is retained.

Position display in a tilted system

The positions displayed in the status window (ACTL. and NOML.) are
referenced to the tilted coordinate system.

Limitations on working with the tilting function

 The probing function for basic rotation is not available if you have
activated the working plane function in the Manual Operation mode.
 The actual-position-capture function is not allowed if the tilted
working plane function is active.
 PLC positioning (determined by the machine tool builder) is not
possible.

620 Manual Operation and Setup

 14.10 Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
Activating manual tilting

To select manual tilting, press the 3-D ROT soft key

Use the arrow keys to move the highlight to the

Manual Operation menu item

To activate manual tilting, press the ACTIVE soft key

Use the arrow keys to position the highlight on the

desired rotary axis

Enter the tilt angle

To conclude entry, press the END KEY

To reset the tilting function, set the desired operating modes in the
menu "Tilt working plane" to inactive.
If the tilted working plane function is active and the TNC moves the
machine axes in accordance with the tilted axes, the status display
shows the symbol.
If you activate the "Tilt working plane" function for the Program Run
operating mode, the tilt angle entered in the menu becomes active in
the first block of the part program. If you use Cycle 19 WORKING PLANE
or the PLANEfunction in the part program, the angle values defined
there are in effect. Angle values entered in the menu will be
overwritten.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 621

14.10 Tilting the working plane (software option 1)

Setting the current tool-axis direction as the

active machining direction (FCL 2 function)

This function must be enabled by your machine

manufacturer. Refer to your machine manual.

In the Manual Operation and El. Handwheel modes of operation you

can use this function to move the tool via the external direction keys
or with the handwheel in the direction that the tool axis is currently
pointed. Use this function if
 You want to retract the tool in the direction of the tool axis during
program interrupt of a 5-axis machining program.
 You want to machine with an inclined tool using the handwheel or
the external direction keys in the Manual Operation mode.

To select manual tilting, press the 3-D ROT soft key

Use the arrow keys to move the highlight to the

Manual Operation menu item

To activate the current tool-axis direction as the active

machining direction, press the TOOL AXIS soft key

To conclude entry, press the END KEY

To reset the tilting function, set the Manual Operation menu item in
the "Tilt working plane" menu to inactive.
The symbol appears in the status display when the Move in tool-
axis direction function is active.

This function is even available when you interrupt

program run and want to move the axes manually.

622 Manual Operation and Setup

Positioning with Manual
Data Input
15.1 Programming and executing simple machining operations

15.1 Programming and executing

simple machining operations
The Positioning with Manual Data Input mode of operation is
particularly convenient for simple machining operations or to pre-
position the tool. It enables you to write a short program in
HEIDENHAIN conversational programming or in ISO format, and
execute it immediately. Fixed cycles, touch-probe cycles and special
functions (SPEC FCT key) of the TNC are also available in the MDI
mode of operation. The TNC saves the program automatically in the
$MDI file. In the Positioning with MDI mode of operation, the
additional status displays can also be activated.

Positioning with manual data input (MDI)

Select the Positioning with MDI mode of operation.

Program the $MDI file with the available functions

Start the program run: Press the machine START key

Constraints:
FK free contour programming, programming graphics and
program run graphics cannot be used.
The $MDI file must not contain a program call (PGM CALL).

624 Positioning with Manual Data Input

 15.1 Programming and executing simple machining operations
Example 1
A hole with a depth of 20 mm is to be drilled into a single workpiece.
After clamping and aligning the workpiece and setting the datum, you
can program and execute the drilling operation in a few lines. Z
First you pre-position the tool with straight-line blocks to the hole Y
center coordinates at a setup clearance of 5 mm above the workpiece
surface. Then drill the hole with Cycle 200 DRILLING.

X
50

50

0 BEGIN PGM $MDI MM

1 TOOL CALL 1 Z S2000 Call the tool: tool axis Z,
spindle speed 2000 rpm
2 L Z+200 R0 FMAX Retract tool (FMAX = rapid traverse)
3 L X+50 Y+50 R0 FMAX M3 Move the tool at FMAX to a position above the hole.
Spindle on.
4 CYCL DEF 200 DRILLING Define the DRILLING cycle
Q200=5 ;SET-UP CLEARANCE Set-up clearance of the tool above the hole
Q201=-15 ;DEPTH Hole depth (algebraic sign=working direction)
Q206=250 ;FEED RATE FOR PLNGNG Feed rate for drilling
Q202=5 ;PLUNGING DEPTH Depth of each infeed before retraction
Q210=0 ;DWELL TIME AT TOP Dwell time after every retraction in seconds
Q203=-10 ;SURFACE COORDINATE Coordinate of the workpiece surface
Q204=20 ;2ND SET-UP CLEARANCE Set-up clearance of the tool above the hole
Q211=0.2 ;DWELL TIME AT DEPTH Dwell time in seconds at the hole bottom
5 CYCL CALL Call the DRILLING cycle
6 L Z+200 R0 FMAX M2 Retract the tool
7 END PGM $MDI MM End of program

Straight-line function: See "Straight line L", page 234, DRILLING cycle:
See User’s Manual, Cycles, Cycle 200 DRILLING.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 625

15.1 Programming and executing simple machining operations

Example 2: Correcting workpiece misalignment on machines

with rotary tables

Use the touch probe to rotate the coordinate system. See "Touch
Probe Cycles in the Manual Operation and El. Handwheel modes of
operation," section "Compensating workpiece misalignment," in the
Touch Probe Cycles User's Manual.

Write down the rotation angle and cancel the basic rotation

Select operating mode: Positioning with MDI

Select the rotary table axis, enter the rotation angle

and feed rate you wrote down, for example: L
C+2.561 F50

Conclude entry

Press the NC Start button: The rotation of the table

corrects the misalignment

626 Positioning with Manual Data Input

 15.1 Programming and executing simple machining operations
Protecting and erasing programs in $MDI
The $MDI file is generally intended for short programs that are only
needed temporarily. Nevertheless, you can store a program, if
necessary, by proceeding as described below:

Select the Programming and Editing mode of

operation

Press the PGM MGT key (program management) to

call the file manager

Move the highlight to the $MDI file

Select the file copying function: Press the COPY soft

key

DESTINATION FILE =

HOLE Enter the name under which you want to save the
current contents of the $MDI file

Copy the file

Close the file manager: Press the END soft key

Erasing the contents of the $MDI file is done in a similar way: Instead
of copying the contents, however, you erase them with the DELETE
soft key. The next time you select the Positioning with MDI operating
mode, the TNC will display an empty $MDI file.

If you wish to delete $MDI, then

 you must not have selected the Positioning with MDI
mode (not even in the background)
 you must not have selected the $MDI file in the
Programming and Editing mode.

For more information: see "Copying a single file", page 133.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 627

 15.1 Programming and executing simple machining operations

628
Positioning with Manual Data Input
Test Run and
Program Run
16.1 Graphics

16.1 Graphics
Application
In the program run modes of operation as well as in the Test Run
mode, the TNC graphically simulates the machining of the workpiece.
Using soft keys, select whether you desire:
 Plan view
 Projection in three planes
 3-D view
The TNC graphic depicts the workpiece as if it were being machined
with a cylindrical end mill. If a tool table is active, you can also simulate
the machining operation with a spherical cutter. For this purpose,
enter R2 = R in the tool table.
The TNC will not show a graphic if
 the current program has no valid workpiece blank definition
 no program is selected

Using the new 3-D graphics in the Test Run mode, you can
now also graphically display machining operations in the
tilted working plane as well as multi-sided machining
operations, provided that you have already simulated the
program in another view. You need at least the MC 422 B
hardware in order to use this function. In order to increase
the speed of the test graphics on older hardware versions,
bit 5 of MP7310 should be set to 1. This deactivates
functions which were implemented specifically for the 3-
D graphics.
The TNC graphics do not show a radius oversize DR that
has been programmed in the TOOL CALL block.

Graphic simulation for special applications

NC programs usually contain a tool call with a defined tool number,
which automatically determines the tool data for graphic simulation.
For special applications that do not require any tool data (e.g. laser
cutting, laser drilling or waterjet cutting), you can set Machine
Parameters 7315 to 7317 such that the TNC will run a graphic
simulation even if no tool data are activated. However, you always
need a tool call with the definition of the tool axis orientation (e.g. TOOL
CALL Z). The tool number does not need to be entered.

630 Test Run and Program Run

 16.1 Graphics
Setting the speed of the test run

You can set the speed of the test run only if the "Display
of machining time" function is active (see "Activating the
stopwatch function" on page 639). Otherwise, the TNC
always performs the test run at the maximum possible
speed.
The most recently set speed remains active, even if the
power is interrupted, until you change it.

After you have started a program, the TNC displays the following soft
keys with which you can set the simulation speed:

Functions Soft key

Perform the test run at the same speed at which the
program will be run (programmed feed rates are
taken into account)

Increase the test speed incrementally

Decrease the test speed incrementally

Test run at the maximum possible speed (default

setting)

You can also set the simulation speed before you start a program:
 Shift the soft-key row

 Select the function for setting the simulation speed

 Select the desired function by soft key, e.g.

incrementally increasing the test speed

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 631

16.1 Graphics

Overview of display modes

The TNC displays the following soft keys in the Program Run and Test
Run modes of operation:

View Soft key

Plan view

Projection in three planes

3-D view

Limitations during program run

A graphical representation of a running program is not

possible if the microprocessor of the TNC is already
occupied with complicated machining tasks or if large
areas are being machined. Example: Multipass milling
over the entire blank form with a large tool. The TNC
interrupts the graphics and displays the text ERROR in the
graphics window. The machining process is continued,
however.
In the test run graphics, the TNC does not depict multi-axis
operations during machining. The error message Axis
cannot be shownappears in the graphics window in such
cases.

Plan view
This is the fastest of the graphic display modes.

If your machine has a mouse, the status bar shows the

depth of any location on the workpiece when you move
the mouse pointer over it.

 Press the soft key for plan view

 Regarding depth display, remember: The deeper the
surface, the darker the shade

632 Test Run and Program Run

 16.1 Graphics
Projection in 3 planes
Similar to a workpiece drawing, the part is displayed with a plan view
and two sectional planes. A symbol to the lower left indicates whether
the display is in first angle or third angle projection according to ISO
5456-2 (selected with MP7310).
Details can be isolated in this display mode for magnification (see
"Magnifying details", page 637).
In addition, you can shift the sectional planes with the corresponding
soft keys:
 Select the soft key for projection in three planes

 Shift the soft-key row until the soft key for the
functions for shifting the sectional plane appears
 Select the functions for shifting the sectional plane.
The TNC offers the following soft keys:

Function Soft keys

Shift the vertical sectional plane to the right
or left

Shift the vertical sectional plane forward or

backward

Shift the horizontal sectional plane upwards

or downwards

The position of the sectional plane is visible during shifting.

The default setting of the sectional plane is selected such that it lies in
the working plane in the workpiece center and in the tool axis on the
top surface.

Coordinates of the line of intersection

At the bottom of the graphics window, the TNC displays the
coordinates of the line of intersection, referenced to the workpiece
datum. Only the coordinates of the working plane are shown. This
function is activated with MP7310.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 633

16.1 Graphics

3-D view
The workpiece is displayed in three dimensions. If you have the
appropriate hardware, then with its high-resolution 3-D graphics the
TNC can also display machining operations in the tilted working plane
as well as multi-sided machining operations.
You can rotate the 3-D display about the vertical and horizontal axes
via soft keys. If there is a mouse attached to your TNC, you can also
perform this function by holding down the right mouse button and
dragging the mouse.
The shape of the workpiece can be depicted by a frame overlay at the
beginning of the graphic simulation.
In the Test Run mode of operation you can isolate details for
magnification, see "Magnifying details", page 637.
 Press the soft key for 3-D view Press the soft key
twice to switch to the high-resolution 3-D graphics.
This switch is only possible once the simulation has
finished. The high-resolution graphics show more
surface details of the workpiece being machined.

The speed of the 3-D graphics depends on the tooth

length (LCUTS column in the tool table). If LCUTS is defined
as 0 (basic setting), the simulation calculates an infinitely
long tooth length, which leads to a long processing time.
If you do not want to define LCUTS, then set MP7312 to a
value between 5 and 10. This way the TNC internally limits
the tooth length to a value which is calculated from MP
7312 times the tool diameter.

634 Test Run and Program Run

 16.1 Graphics
Rotating and magnifying/reducing the 3-D view
 Shift the soft-key row until the soft key for the rotating
and magnification/reduction appears
 Select functions for rotating and magnifying/reducing:

Function Soft keys

Rotate in 5° steps about the vertical axis

Tilt in 5° steps about the horizontal axis

Magnify the graphic stepwise If the view is

magnified, the TNC shows the letter Z in
the footer of the graphic window

Reduce the graphic stepwise If the view is

reduced, the TNC shows the letter Z in the
footer of the graphic window

Reset image to programmed size

You can also use the mouse with the 3-D graphics. The following
functions are available:
 In order to rotate the graphic shown in three dimensions: Hold the
right mouse button down and move the mouse. The TNC displays a
coordinate system showing the currently active orientation of the
workpiece. After you release the right mouse button, the TNC
orients the workpiece to the defined orientation
 In order to shift the graphic shown: Hold the center mouse button
or the wheel button down and move the mouse. The TNC shifts the
workpiece in the corresponding direction. After you release the
center mouse button, the TNC shifts the workpiece to the defined
position
 In order to zoom in on a certain area with the mouse: Draw a
rectangular zoom area while holding the left mouse button down.
You can shift the zoom area by moving the mouse horizontally and
vertically as required. After you release the left mouse button, the
TNC zooms in on the defined area of the workpiece
 In order to quickly zoom in and out with the mouse: Rotate the
wheel button forward or backward
 Double-click with the right mouse button to reset the zoom factor
 Press the SHIFT key and double-click with the right mouse button to
reset the zoom factor and the angle of rotation

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 635

16.1 Graphics

Switching the frame overlay display for the workpiece blank

on/off:
 Shift the soft-key row until the soft key for the rotating and
magnification/reduction appears
 Select functions for rotating and magnifying/reducing:

 Show the frame for the BLK FORM: Set the highlight
in the soft key to SHOW
 Hide the frame for the BLK FORM: Set the highlight in
the soft key to OMIT

636 Test Run and Program Run

 16.1 Graphics
Magnifying details
You can magnify details in all display modes in the Test Run mode and
a Program Run mode.
The graphic simulation or the program run, respectively, must first
have been stopped. A detail magnification is always effective in all
display modes.

Changing the detail magnification

The soft keys are listed in the table
 Interrupt the graphic simulation, if necessary
 Shift the soft-key row in the Test Run mode, or in a Program Run
mode, respectively, until the soft key for detail magnification
appears
 Shift the soft-key row until the soft-key for the detail
magnification functions appears
 Select the functions for detail magnification
 Press the corresponding soft key to select the
workpiece surface (see table below)
 To reduce or magnify the blank form, press and hold
theMINUS or PLUS soft key, respectively
 Restart the test run or program run by pressing the
START soft key (RESET + START returns the
workpiece blank to its original state)

Function Soft keys

Select the left/right workpiece surface

Select the front/back workpiece surface

Select the top/bottom workpiece surface

Shift the cutting surface for reducing or

magnifying the blank form

Select the isolated detail

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 637

16.1 Graphics

Cursor position during detail magnification

During detail magnification, the TNC displays the coordinates of the
axis that is currently being isolated. The coordinates describe the area
determined for magnification. To the left of the slash is the smallest
coordinate of the detail (MIN point), to the right is the largest (MAX
point).
If a graphic display is magnified, this is indicated with MAGN at the lower
right of the graphics window.
If the workpiece blank cannot be further enlarged or reduced, the TNC
displays an error message in the graphics window. To clear the error
message, reduce or enlarge the workpiece blank.

Repeating graphic simulation

A part program can be graphically simulated as often as desired. either
with the complete workpiece or with a detail of it.

Function Soft key

Restore workpiece to the detail magnification in which
it was last shown

Reset detail magnification so that the machined

workpiece or workpiece blank is displayed as it was
programmed with BLK FORM

With the WINDOW BLK FORM soft key, you return the
displayed workpiece blank to its originally programmed
dimensions, even after isolating a detail without
TRANSFER DETAIL.

Displaying the tool

You can display the tool during simulation in the plan view and in the
projection in three planes. The TNC depicts the tool in the diameter
defined in the tool table.

Function Soft key

Do not display the tool during simulation

Display the tool during simulation

638 Test Run and Program Run

 16.1 Graphics
Measurement of machining time
Program Run modes of operation
The timer counts and displays the time from program start to program
end. The timer stops whenever machining is interrupted.

Test Run
The TNC takes the following into account for the time calculation:
 Traverse movements at feed rate
 Dwell times
 Machine dynamics settings (accelerations, filter settings, motion
control)
The time calculated by the TNC does not include rapid-traverse
movements and times depending on the individual machine tool (e.g.
tool change).
If you have switched the "calculate machining time" function on, you
can generate a file listing the usage times of all tools used in the
program (see "Tool usage test" on page 202).

Activating the stopwatch function

 Shift the soft-key row until the soft-key for the
stopwatch functions appears
 Select the stopwatch functions

 Select the desired function by soft key, e.g. saving the

displayed time

Stopwatch functions Soft key

Enable (ON) or disable (OFF) the "calculate the
machining time" function

Store displayed time

Display the sum of stored time

and displayed time

Clear displayed time

During the test run, the TNC resets the machining time as
soon as a new BLK FORM is evaluated.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 639

16.2 Functions for program display

16.2 Functions for program display

Overview
In the Program Run modes of operation as well as in the Test Run
mode, the TNC provides the following soft keys for displaying a part
program in pages:

Functions Soft key

Go back in the program by one screen

Go forward in the program by one screen

Go to the beginning of the program

Go to the end of the program

640 Test Run and Program Run

 16.3 Test Run
16.3 Test Run
Application
In the Test Run mode of operation you can simulate programs and
program sections to reduce programming errors during program run.
The TNC checks the programs for the following:
 Geometrical incompatibilities
 Missing data
 Impossible jumps
 Violation of the machine's working space
 Collisions between collision-monitored components (DCM software
option is required, see "Collision monitoring in the Test Run mode of
operation", page 411)
The following functions are also available:
 Blockwise test run
 Interruption of test at any block
 Optional block skip
 Functions for graphic simulation
 Measurement of machining time
 Additional status display

If your machine has the DCM (Dynamic Collision

Monitoring) software option, you can check for collisions
in the Test Run mode before actually machining a part,
(see "Collision monitoring in the Test Run mode of
operation" on page 411)

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 641

16.3 Test Run

Danger of collision!
The TNC cannot graphically simulate all traverse motions
actually performed by the machine. These include
 Traverse motions during tool change, if the machine
manufacturer defined them in a tool-change macro or via
the PLC
 Positioning movements that the machine manufacturer
defined in an M-function macro
 Positioning movements that the machine manufacturer
performs via the PLC
 Positioning movements that lead to a pallet change
HEIDENHAIN therefore recommends proceeding with
caution for every new program, even when the program
test did not output any error message, and no visible
damage to the workpiece occurred.
After a tool call, the TNC always starts a program test at
the following position:
 In working plane in the center of the defined workpiece
blank
 In the tool axis, 1 mm above the MAX point defined in the
BLK FORM
If you call the same tool, the TNC resumes program
simulation from the position last programmed before the
tool call.
In order to ensure unambiguous behavior during program
run, after a tool change you should always move to a
position from which the TNC can position the tool for
machining without causing a collision.

Your machine tool builder can also define a tool-change

macro for the Test Run operating mode. This macro will
simulate the exact behavior of the machine. Please refer
to your machine tool manual.

642 Test Run and Program Run

 16.3 Test Run
Executing a test run
If the central tool file is active, a tool table must be active (status S) to
conduct a test run. Select a tool table via the file manager (PGM MGT)
in the Test Run mode of operation
With the MOD function BLANK IN WORK SPACE, you can activate
work space monitoring for the test run see "Showing the workpiece
blank in the working space", page 682.
 Select the Test Run operating mode
 Call the file manager with the PGM MGT key and
select the file you wish to test, or
 Go to the program beginning: Select line 0 with the
GOTO key and confirm you entry with the ENT key
The TNC then displays the following soft keys:
Functions Soft key
Reset the blank form and test the entire program

Test the entire program

Test each program block individually

Halt test run (soft key only appears once you have
started the test run)

You can interrupt the test run and continue it again at any point—even
within a fixed cycle. In order to continue the test, the following actions
must not be performed:
 Selecting another block with the arrow keys or the GOTO key
 Making changes to the program
 Switching the operating mode
 Selecting a new program

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 643

16.3 Test Run

Executing a test run up to a certain block

With the STOP AT N function the TNC does a test run only up to the
block with block number N.
 Go to the beginning of program in the Test Run mode of operation.
 Select "Test Run up to a specific block": Press the STOP AT N soft
key
 Stop at N: Enter the block number at which you wish
the test to stop
 Program: Enter the name of the program that contains
the block with the selected block number. The TNC
displays the name of the selected program. If the test
run is to be interrupted in a program that was called
with PGM CALL, you must enter this name
 Start-up at: P: If you want to start in a point table,
enter here the line number at which you want to start
 Table (PNT): If you want to start in a point table, enter
here the name of the point table in which you want to
start
 Repetitions: If N is located in a program section
repeat, enter the number of repeats that you want to
run
 To test a program section, press the START soft key.
The TNC will test the program up to the entered block

644 Test Run and Program Run

 16.3 Test Run
Selecting the kinematics for test run

This function must be enabled by your machine

manufacturer.

You can use this function to test programs whose kinematics does not
match the active machine kinematics (e.g. on machines with head
change or traverse range switchover).
If your machine manufacturer saved different kinematic configurations
in your machine, you can activate one of these kinematics
configurations with the MOD function and use it for a test run. The
active machine kinematics will remain unchanged.
 Select the Test Run operating mode
 Choose the program you want to test
 Select MOD functions

 Show the available kinematics configurations in a pop-

up window (shift the soft-key row, if necessary)
 Select the desired kinematics configuration with the
arrow keys and confirm your selection with the ENT
key

After switching on the control, the machine kinematics is

always active in the Test Run mode. After switching on
the control, select the desired kinematics for the test run.
If you select a kinematics configuration with the keyword
kinematic, the TNC switches the machine kinematics and
the test kinematics.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 645

16.3 Test Run

Setting a tilted working plane for the test run

This function must be enabled by your machine

manufacturer.

You can use this function on machines, where you want to define the
working plane by manually setting the machine axes.
 Select the Test Run operating mode
 Choose the program you want to test
 Select MOD functions

 Select the menu for defining the working plane

 To activate or deactivate the function, press the ENT
key
 Use the active rotary axis coordinates from the
machine mode of operation, or
 Position the highlight on the desired rotary axis with
the arrow keys and enter the rotary-axis value to be
used by the TNC in the simulation

If the function has been enabled by your machine

manufacturer, then the TNC does not deactivate the "Tilt
the working plane" function when you select a new
program.
If you simulate a program that does not contain a TOOL
CALL block, then the axis you have activated for manual
probing in the Manual Operation mode is used by the TNC
as tool axis.
Ensure that the active kinematics in the test run is suitable
for the program you want to test. Otherwise, the TNC may
issue an error message.

646 Test Run and Program Run

 16.4 Program Run
16.4 Program Run
Application
In the Program Run, Full Sequence mode of operation the TNC
executes a part program continuously to its end or up to a program
stop.
In the Program Run, Single Block mode of operation you must start
each block separately by pressing the machine START button.
The following TNC functions can be used in the program run modes of
operation:
 Interrupting the program run
 Starting the program run from a certain block
 Optional block skip
 Editing the tool table TOOL.T
 Checking and changing Q parameters
 Superimposing handwheel positioning
 Functions for graphic simulation
 Additional status display

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 647

16.4 Program Run

Running a part program

Preparation
1 Clamp the workpiece to the machine table
2 Set the datum
3 Select the necessary tables and pallet files (status M)
4 Select the part program (status M)

You can adjust the feed rate and spindle speed with the
override knobs.
It is possible to reduce the feed rate when starting the NC
program using the FMAX soft key. The reduction applies
to all rapid traverse and feed rate movements. The value
you enter is no longer in effect after the machine has been
turned off and on again. In order to re-establish the
respectively defined maximum feed rate after switch-on,
you need to re-enter the corresponding value.
Ensure that you have referenced all axes before you start
program run. Otherwise the TNC will stop machining as
soon as it gets to an NC block with an axis that has not
been referenced.

Program Run, Full Sequence

 Start the part program with the machine START button

Program Run, Single Block

 Start each block of the part program individually with the machine
START button

648 Test Run and Program Run

 16.4 Program Run
Interrupting machining
There are several ways to interrupt a program run:
 Programmed interruptions
 Pressing the machine STOP button
 Switching to Program Run, Single Block
 Programming of noncontrolled axes (counter axes)
If the TNC registers an error during program run, it automatically
interrupts the machining process.

Programmed interruptions
You can program interruptions directly in the part program. The TNC
interrupts the program run at a block containing one of the following
entries:
 STOPP (with and without miscellaneous function)
 Miscellaneous function M0, M2 or M30
 Miscellaneous function M6 (defined by the machine tool builder)

Interrupting the machining process with the machine STOP

button
 Press the machine STOP button: The block which the TNC is
currently executing is not completed. The asterisk in the status
display blinks
 If you do not wish to continue the machining process, you can reset
the TNC with the INTERNAL STOP soft key. The asterisk in the
status display goes out. In this case, the program must be restarted
from the program beginning

Interruption of machining by switching to the Program Run,

Single Block mode of operation.
You can interrupt a program that is being run in the Program Run, Full
Sequence mode of operation by switching to the Program Run, Single
Block mode. The TNC interrupts the machining process at the end of
the current block.

Jumps within the program after an interruption

If program run is interrupted with the INTERNAL STOP function, the
TNC memorizes the current machining status. You can usually resume
machining with NC start. If you select other program lines with the
GOTO key, the TNC does not reset modally effective functions (e.g.
M136). This may have undesired effects, such as incorrect feed rates.

Danger of collision!
Please note that program jumps with the GOTO function
do not reset modal functions.
If you want to restart a program after an interruption,
always select the program with the PGM MGT key.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 649

16.4 Program Run

Programming of noncontrolled axes (counter axes)

This function must be adapted by your machine

manufacturer. Refer to your machine manual.

The TNC automatically interrupts the program run as soon as an axis

is programmed in a positioning block that was defined by the machine
tool builder as an open-loop axis (counter axis). In this condition you
can move the open-loop axis manually to the desired position. In the
left window, the TNC shows all nominal positions programmed in this
block. For open-loop axes the TNC additionally displays the distance
remaining.
As soon as all axes are in the correct position, you can use NC Start to
resume program run.
 Select the desired axis sequence and start each with
NC Start. Manually position the open-loop axes. The
TNC shows the distance remaining to the nominal
position in this axis (see "Returning to the contour" on
page 657)
 If required, choose whether the closed-loop axes are
to be moved in the tilted or non-tilted coordinate
system
 If required, move the closed-loop axes by handwheel
or with the axis-direction buttons

650 Test Run and Program Run

 16.4 Program Run
Moving the machine axes during an interruption
You can move the machine axes during an interruption in the same
way as in the Manual Operation mode.

Danger of collision!
If you interrupt program run while the working plane is
tilted, you can switch the coordinate system between
tilted and non-tilted, as well as to the active tool axis
direction, by pressing the 3-D ROT soft key.
The functions of the axis direction buttons, the electronic
handwheel and the positioning logic for returning to the
contour are then evaluated by the TNC. When retracting
the tool make sure the correct coordinate system is active
and the angular values of the tilt axes are entered in the
3D-ROT menu, if necessary.

Application example:
Retracting the spindle after tool breakage
 Interrupt machining
 Enable the external direction keys: Press the MANUAL TRAVERSE
soft key
 If necessary, press the 3-D ROT soft key in order to activate the
coordinate system in which you want to traverse
 Move the axes with the machine axis-direction keys

On some machines you may have to press the machine

MANUAL TRAVERSE button after the START soft key to
enable the axis-direction keys. Refer to your machine
manual.
Your machine tool builder can define whether in a program
interruption you always move the axes in the currently
active (tilted or non-tilted) coordinate system. Refer to
your machine manual.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 651

16.4 Program Run

Resuming program run after an interruption

If a program run is interrupted during a fixed cycle, the

program must be resumed from the beginning of the
cycle. This means that some machining operations will be
repeated.

If you interrupt a program run during execution of a subprogram or

program section repeat, use the RESTORE POS AT N function to
return to the position at which the program run was interrupted.
When a program run is interrupted, the TNC stores:
 The data of the last defined tool
 Active coordinate transformations (e.g. datum shift, rotation,
mirroring)
 The coordinates of the circle center that was last defined

Note that the stored data remain active until they are reset
(e.g. if you select a new program).

The TNC uses the stored data for returning the tool to the contour after
manual machine axis positioning during an interruption (RESTORE
POSITION soft key).

Resuming program run with the START button

You can resume program run by pressing the machine START button
if the program was interrupted in one of the following ways:
 Machine STOP button pressed
 Programmed interruption

Resuming program run after an error

 Remove the cause of the error
 Clear the error message from the screen: Press the CE key
 Restart the program, or resume program run where it was
interrupted

After a control software crash,

 Press and hold the END key for two seconds. This induces a TNC
system restart
 Remove the cause of the error
 Restart

If you cannot correct the error, write down the error message and
contact your service agency.

652 Test Run and Program Run

 16.4 Program Run
Mid-program startup (block scan)

The RESTORE POS AT N feature must be enabled and

adapted by the machine tool builder. Refer to your
machine manual.

With the RESTORE POS AT N feature (block scan) you can start a part
program at any block you desire. The TNC scans the program blocks
up to that point. Machining can be graphically simulated. If you start at
a machining position within a smarT.NC point table (.HP), you can
select the start position via soft key with graphic support. When
starting at a machining position within a point table with the file
extension .PNT, the TNC does not provide graphic support. However,
you can use the point number to select any point as startup position.
If you have interrupted a part program with an INTERNAL STOP, the
TNC automatically offers the interrupted block N for mid-program
startup.
If the program was interrupted by one of the conditions listed below,
the TNC saves the point of interruption.
 EMERGENCY STOP
 Power interruption
 Control software crash
After you have called the mid-program startup function, you can press
the soft keySELECT LAST BLOCK to reactivate the point of
interruption and approach it with an NC start. After switch-on the TNC
shows the message NC program canceled.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 653

16.4 Program Run

Mid-program startup must not begin in a subprogram.

All necessary programs, tables and pallet files must be
selected in a program run mode of operation (status M).
If the program contains a programmed interruption before
the startup block (M00 or STOP), the block scan is
interrupted there. Press the machine START button to
continue the block scan.
Please note that mid-program startup in a radius-
compensated contour, directly after a programmed
interruption (M00 or STOP), can lead to contour damage. The
TNC cannot establish a connection between the contour
programmed after the STOP block with the the contour
programmed before the STOP block.
After a block scan, return the tool to the calculated position
with RESTORE POSITION.
Tool length compensation does not take effect until after
the tool call and a following positioning block. This also
applies if you have only changed the tool length.
The miscellaneous functions M142 (delete modal program
information) and M143 (delete basic rotation) are not
permitted during a mid-program startup.
If you are working with nested programs, you can use
MP7680 to define whether the block scan is to begin at
block 0 of the main program or at block 0 of the last
interrupted program.
With the 3-D ROT soft key you can switch the coordinate
system between tilted and non-tilted in order to move to
the start-up position.
If you want to use the block scan feature in a pallet table,
select the program in which a mid-program startup is to be
performed from the pallet table by using the arrow keys.
Then press the RESTORE POS AT N soft key.
The TNC skips all touch probe cycles in a mid-program
startup. Result parameters that are written to from these
cycles might therefore remain empty.
The M142/M143 and M120 functions are not allowed during a
mid-program startup.
Before beginning the mid-program start-up, the TNC
deletes traverse movements that you performed during
the program with M118 (handwheel superimpositioning).

654 Test Run and Program Run

 16.4 Program Run
Danger of collision!
For safety reasons always check the distance to go to the
startup position after a block scan!
If you perform a mid-program startup in a program
containing M128, then the TNC performs any
compensation movements necessary. The compensation
movements are superimposed over the approach
movement!
Do not use mid-program startup in combination with tool-
oriented pallet machining. Re-entry is only permitted for a
workpiece that has not been machined yet!

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 655

16.4 Program Run

 Go to the first block of the current program to start a block scan:

Enter GOTO 0.
 Select mid-program startup: Press the MID-
PROGRAM STARTUP soft key
 Block number: Enter the block number at which the
block scan should end
 Program name: Enter the name of the program in which
you want to start. A change is only required if you
want to start with a program that was called with
PGM CALL.
 Point index: If you have entered a block number
containing a CYCL CALL PAT block in the Start-up at
N field, the TNC displays the point pattern graphically
in the File preview field. Using the NEXT ELEMENT
or PREVIOUS ELEMENT soft key you can select the
start position with graphic support if the preview
window is currently displayed (set PREVIEW soft key
to ON)
 Repetitions: If block N is located in a program section
repeat or in a subprogram that is to be run repeatedly,
enter the number of repetitions to be calculated in the
block scan
 Start mid-program startup: Press the machine START
button
 Contour approach (see following section)

Entering a program with the GOTO key

Danger of collision!
If you press the GOTO key and enter a block number for
going into a program, neither the TNC nor the PLC will
execute any functions that ensure a safe start.
If you use the GOTO block number key for going into a
subprogram, the TNC will skip the end of the subprogram
(LBL 0)! In such cases you must always use the mid-
program startup function.

656 Test Run and Program Run

 16.4 Program Run
Returning to the contour
With the RESTORE POSITION function, the TNC returns to the
workpiece contour in the following situations:
 Return to the contour after the machine axes were moved during a
program interruption that was not performed with the INTERNAL
STOP function
 Return to the contour after a block scan with RESTORE POS AT N,
for example after an interruption with INTERNAL STOP
 Depending on the machine, if the position of an axis has changed
after the control loop has been opened during a program interruption
 If an open-loop axis is also programmed in a positioning block (see
"Programming of noncontrolled axes (counter axes)" on page 650)
 To select a return to contour, press the RESTORE POSITION soft
key
 Restore machine status, if required
 To move the axes in the sequence that the TNC suggests on the
screen, press the NC Start button, or
 To move the axes in any sequence, press the soft keys RESTORE
X, RESTORE Z, etc., and activate each axis with the machine START
button
 To resume machining, press the machine START button

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 657

16.5 Automatic program start

16.5 Automatic program start

Application

The TNC must be specially prepared by the machine tool

builder for use of the automatic program start function.
Refer to your machine manual.

In a Program Run operating mode, you can use the AUTOSTART soft
key (see figure at upper right) to define a specific time at which the
program that is currently active in this operating mode is to be started:
 Show the window for entering the starting time (see
figure at center right)
 Time (h:min:sec): Time of day at which the program
is to be started
 Date (DD.MM.YYYY): Date at which the program is to
be started
 To activate the start, set the AUTOSTART soft key to
ON

658 Test Run and Program Run

 16.6 Optional block skip
16.6 Optional block skip
Application
In a test run or program run, the control can skip over blocks that begin
with a slash "/":
 To run or test the program without the blocks
preceded by a slash, set the soft key to ON
 To run or test the program with the blocks preceded
by a slash, set the soft key to OFF

This function does not work for TOOL DEF blocks.

After a power interruption the control returns to the most
recently selected setting.

Erasing the "/" character

 In the Programming and Editing mode you select the block in which
the character is to be erased
 Erasing the "/" character

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 659

16.7 Optional program-run interruption

16.7 Optional program-run

interruption
Application
The TNC optionally interrupts program run at blocks containing M1. If
you use M1 in the Program Run mode, the TNC does not switch off the
spindle or coolant, if necessary. Your machine tool manual provides
more information.
 Do not interrupt Program Run or Test Run at blocks
containing M1: Set the soft key to OFF
 Interrupt Program Run or Test Run at blocks
containing M1: Set the soft key to ON

M1 is not effective in the Test Run mode of operation.

660 Test Run and Program Run

MOD Functions
17.1 Selecting MOD functions

17.1 Selecting MOD functions

The MOD functions provide additional input possibilities and displays.
The available MOD functions depend on the selected operating mode.

Selecting the MOD functions

Call the operating mode in which you wish to change the MOD
functions.
 Select the MOD functions: Press the MOD key. The
figures at right show typical screen menus in
Programming and Editing mode (figure at upper right),
Test Run mode (figure at lower right) and in a machine
operating mode (see figure on next page).

Changing the settings

 Select the desired MOD function in the displayed menu with the
arrow keys
There are three possibilities for changing a setting, depending on the
function selected:
 Enter a numerical value directly, e.g. when determining the traverse
range limit
 Change a setting by pressing the ENT key, e.g. when setting
program input
 Change a setting via a selection window. If more than one possibility
is available for a particular setting, you can superimpose a window
listing all of the given possibilities by pressing the GOTO key. Select
the desired setting directly by pressing the corresponding numerical
key (to the left of the colon), or by using the arrow keys and then
confirming with ENT. If you don’t want to change the setting, close
the window again with END

Exiting the MOD functions

 To exit the MOD functions, press the END key or END soft key

662 MOD Functions

 17.1 Selecting MOD functions
Overview of MOD functions
The functions available depend on the momentarily selected operating
mode:
Programming and Editing:
 Display software numbers
 Enter code number
 Set data interface
 Diagnostic functions, if applicable
 Machine-specific user parameters, if applicable
 Display HELP files (if provided)
 Select machine kinematics, if applicable
 Load service packs
 Set the time zone
 Start file-system check
 Configure the HR 550 wireless handwheel
 License info
 Host computer operation
Test run:
 Display software numbers
 Enter code number
 Set the data interface
 Show the workpiece blank in the working space
 Machine-specific user parameters, if applicable
 Display HELP files (if provided)
 Select machine kinematics, if applicable
 Set 3-D ROT function, if applicable
 Set the time zone
 License info
 Host computer operation
In all other modes:
 Display software numbers
 Display code digits for installed options
 Select position displays
 Define unit of measurement (mm/inches)
 Set the programming language for MDI
 Select the axes for actual position capture
 Set the axis traverse limits
 Display reference points
 Display operating times
 Display HELP files (if provided)
 Set the time zone
 Select machine kinematics, if applicable
 License info

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 663

17.2 Software numbers

17.2 Software numbers

Application
The following software numbers are displayed on the TNC screen
after the MOD functions have been selected:
 NC: Number of the NC software (managed by HEIDENHAIN)
 PLC: Number and name of the PLC software (managed by your
machine tool builder)
 Feature Content Level (FCL): Development level of the software
installed on the control (see "Feature content level (upgrade
functions)" on page 10). The TNC displays --- on the
programming station, since there is no Feature Content Level
there.
 DSP1 to DSP3: Number of the speed controller software
(managed by HEIDENHAIN)
 ICTL1 and ICTL3: Number of the current controller software
(managed by HEIDENHAIN)

664 MOD Functions

 17.3 Entering code numbers
17.3 Entering code numbers
Application
The TNC requires a code number for the following functions:

Function Code number

Select the user parameters and copy the 123
sample files

Configure an Ethernet card (not iTNC530 NET123

with Windows XP)

In addition, you can use the keyword version to create a file containing
all current software numbers of your control:
 Enter the keyword version and confirm with the ENT key
 The TNC displays all current software numbers on the screen
 To terminate the version overview, press the END key

Copying sample files

Sample files for various file types (pallet files, freely definable tables,
cutting-data tables, etc.) are stored in the TNC. To make the sample
files available on the TNC partition, proceed as follows:
 Enter the code number 123 and confirm your entry with the ENT
key: This opens the user parameters
 Press the MOD key for the TNC to show various pieces of
information
 Press the UPDATE DATA soft key. The TNC switches to the menu
for software updates
 Press the COPY SAMPLE FILES soft key for the TNC to copy all
available sample files to the TNC partition. Keep in mind that the
TNC overwrites samples files (e.g. cutting-data tables) you have
already edited
 Press the END key twice to return to the initial screen

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 665

17.4 Loading service packs

17.4 Loading service packs

Application

We strongly recommend contacting your machine tool

builder before you install a service pack.
The TNC restarts the system after the installation
procedure is completed. Before loading the service pack,
put the machine in the EMERGENCY STOP condition.
Connect the network drive from which you want to import
the service pack (if not already done).

This function provides a simple way of updating the software of your

TNC
 Select the Programming and Editing operating mode
 Press the MOD key
 To start the software update, press the "Load Service Pack" soft key.
The TNC then displays a pop-up window for selecting the update file
 Use the arrow keys to select the directory in which the service pack
is stored. The respective subdirectories can be shown by pressing
the ENT key
 To select the file: Press the ENT key twice on the selected directory.
The TNC switches from the directory window to the file window
 To start the updating process, press the ENT key to select the file.
The TNC unpacks all required files and then restarts the control. This
process may take several minutes

666 MOD Functions

 17.5 Setting the data interfaces
17.5 Setting the data interfaces
Application
To set up the data interfaces, press the RS-232 / RS-422 SETUP soft
key to call a menu for setting the data interfaces:

Setting the RS-232 interface

The mode of operation and baud rates for the RS-232 interface are
entered in the upper left of the screen.

Setting the RS-422 interface

The mode of operation and baud rates for the RS-422 interface are
entered in the upper right of the screen.

Setting the operating mode of the external

device

The functions "Transfer all files," "Transfer selected file,"

and "Transfer directory" are not available in the operating
mode EXT.

Setting the baud rate

You can set the baud rate (data transfer speed) from 110 to 115 200
baud.

Operating
External device Symbol
mode
PC with HEIDENHAIN data transfer FE1
software TNCremoNT

HEIDENHAIN floppy disk units

FE 401 B FE1
FE 401 from program no. FE1
230626 03

Non-HEIDENHAIN devices such as EXT1, EXT2

printers, scanners, punchers, PC
without TNCremoNT

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 667

17.5 Setting the data interfaces

Assignment
This function sets the destination for the transferred data.
Applications:
 Transferring values with Q parameter function FN15
 Transferring values with Q parameter function FN16
The TNC mode of operation determines whether the PRINT or PRINT
TEST function is used:
TNC mode of operation Transfer function
Program Run, Single Block PRINT

Program Run, Full Sequence PRINT

Test run PRINT TEST

You can set PRINT and PRINT TEST as follows:

Function Path
Output data via RS-232 RS232:\....

Output data via RS-422 RS422:\....

Save data to the TNC’s hard disk TNC:\....

Save data to a server connected servername:\....

to the TNC

Save the data in the same Vacant

directory as the program with
FN15/FN16

File names
Data Operating mode File name
Values with FN15 Program Run %FN15RUN.A

Values with FN15 Test Run %FN15SIM.A

668 MOD Functions

 17.5 Setting the data interfaces
Software for data transfer
For transfer of files to and from the TNC, we recommend using the
HEIDENHAIN TNCremoNT data transfer software. With TNCremoNT,
data transfer is possible with all HEIDENHAIN controls via the serial
interface or the Ethernet interface.

You can download the current version of TNCremoNT free

of charge from the HEIDENHAIN Filebase
(www.heidenhain.de, <Services and Documentation>,
<Software>, <PC Software>, <TNCremoNT>).

System requirements for TNCremoNT:

 PC with 486 processor or higher
 Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000,
Windows XP, Windows Vista operating systems
 16 MB RAM
 5 MB free memory space on your hard disk
 An available serial interface or connection to the TCP/IP network

Installation under Windows

 Start the SETUP.EXE installation program with the file manager
(Explorer)
 Follow the setup program instructions

Starting TNCremoNT under Windows

 Click <Start>, <Programs>, <HEIDENHAIN Applications>,
<TNCremoNT>
When you start TNCremoNT for the first time, TNCremoNT
automatically tries to set up a connection with the TNC.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 669

17.5 Setting the data interfaces

Data transfer between the TNC and TNCremoNT

Before you transfer a program from the TNC to the PC,

you must make absolutely sure that you have already
saved the program currently selected on the TNC. The
TNC saves changes automatically when you switch the
mode of operation on the TNC, or when you select the file
manager via the PGM MGT key.

Check whether the TNC is connected to the correct serial port on your
PC or to the network.
Once you have started TNCremoNT, you will see a list of all files that
are stored in the active directory in the upper section of the main
window 1. Using the menu items <File> and <Change directory>, you
can change the active directory or select another directory on your PC.
If you want to control data transfer from the PC, establish the
connection with your PC in the following manner:
 Select <File>, <Setup connection>. TNCremoNT now receives the
file and directory structure from the TNC and displays this at the
bottom left of the main window 2
 To transfer a file from the TNC to the PC, select the file in the TNC
window with a mouse click and drag and drop the highlighted file
into the PC window 1
 To transfer a file from the PC to the TNC, select the file in the PC
window with a mouse click and drag and drop the highlighted file
into the TNC window 2
If you want to control data transfer from the TNC, establish the
connection with your PC in the following manner:
 Select <Extras>, <TNCserver>. TNCremoNT is now in server mode.
It can receive data from the TNC and send data to the TNC
 You can now call the file management functions on the TNC by
pressing the PGM MGT key (see "Data transfer to or from an
external data medium" on page 151) and transfer the desired files

Exiting TNCremoNT
Select the menu items <File>, <Exit>

Refer also to the TNCremoNT context-sensitive help texts

where all of the functions are explained in more detail. The
help texts must be called with the F1 key.

670 MOD Functions

 17.6 Ethernet interface
17.6 Ethernet interface
Introduction
The TNC is shipped with a standard Ethernet card to connect the
control as a client in your network. The TNC transmits data via the
Ethernet card with
 the smb protocol (Server Message Block) for Windows operating
systems, or
 the TCP/IP protocol family (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol) and with support from the NFS (Network File System). The
TNC also supports the NFS V3 protocol, which permits higher data
transfer rates

Connection possibilities
You can connect the Ethernet card in your TNC to your network
through the RJ45 connection (X26, 100BaseTX or 10BaseT), or directly
to a PC. The connection is metallically isolated from the control
electronics.
For a 100BaseTX or 10BaseT connection you need a Twisted Pair
cable to connect the TNC to your network.

The maximum cable length between TNC and a node

depends on the quality grade of the cable, the sheathing
and the type of network (100BaseTX or 10BaseT).
If you connect the TNC directly with a PC, you must use a
crossed cable.

Configuring the TNC

Make sure that the person configuring your TNC is a

network specialist.
Please note that the TNC performs an automatic restart if
you change the IP address of the TNC.

 In the Programming and Editing mode of operation, press the MOD

key. Enter the keyword NET123. The TNC will then display the main
screen for network configuration

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 671

17.6 Ethernet interface

General network settings

 Press the DEFINE NET soft key to enter the general network
settings. The Computer name tab is active:

Setting Meaning
Primary Name of the Ethernet interface to be integrated
interface in your company network. Only active if a
second, optional Ethernet interface is available
on the control hardware

Computer name Name displayed for the TNC in your company

network

Host file Only required for special applications: Name

of a file in which the assignments of IP
addresses to computer names is defined

 Select the Interfaces tab to enter the interface settings:

Setting Meaning
Interface list List of the active Ethernet interfaces. Select one
of the listed interfaces (via mouse or arrow
keys)
 Activate button:
Activate the selected interface (an X appears
in the Active column)
 Deactivate button:
Deactivate the selected interface (a hyphen
(-) appears in the Active column)
 Configuration button:
Open the Configuration menu

Allow IP This function must be kept deactivated.

forwarding Only activate this function if external access via
the second, optional Ethernet interface of the
TNC is necessary for diagnostic purposes. Only
do so after instruction by our Service
Department

672 MOD Functions

 17.6 Ethernet interface
 Press the Configuration button to open the Configuration menu:

Setting Meaning
Status  Interface active:
Connection status of the selected Ethernet
interface
 Name:
Name of the interface you are currently
configuring
 Plug connection:
Number of the plug connection of this
interface on the logic unit of the control

Profile Here you can create or select a profile in which

all settings shown in this window are stored.
HEIDENHAIN provides two standard profiles:
 DHCP-LAN:
Settings for the standard TNC Ethernet
interface, should work in a standard company
network.
 MachineNet:
Settings for the second, optional Ethernet
interface; for configuration of the machine
network
Press the corresponding buttons to save, load
and delete profiles

IP address  Automatically procure IP address option:

The TNC is to procure the IP address from the
DHCP server
 Set the IP address manually option:
Manually define the IP address and subnet
mask. Input: Four numerical values separated
by points, in each field, e.g. 160.1.180.20 and
255.255.0.0

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 673

17.6 Ethernet interface

Setting Meaning
Domain Name  Automatically procure DNS option:
Server (DNS) The TNC is to automatically procure the IP
address of the domain name server
 Manually configure the DNS option:
Manually enter the IP addresses of the
servers and the domain name
Default  Automatically procure default gateway
gateway option:
The TNC is to automatically procure the
default gateway
 Manually configure the default gateway
option:
Manually enter the IP addresses of the default
gateway

 Apply the changes with the OK button, or discard them with the
Cancel button
 Select the Internet tab:

Setting Meaning
Proxy  Direct connection to Internet/NAT:
The control forwards Internet inquiries to the
default gateway and from there they must be
forwarded through network address
translation (e.g. if a direct connection to a
modem is available)
 Use proxy:
Define the Address and Port of the Internet
router in your network, ask your network
administrator for the correct address and port

Telemaintenance The machine manufacturer configures the server

for telemaintenance here. Changes must always
be made in agreement with your machine tool
builder

674 MOD Functions

 17.6 Ethernet interface
 Select the Ping/Routing tab to enter the ping and routing settings:

Setting Meaning
Ping In the Address: field, enter the IP number for
which you want to check the network
connection. Input: Four numerical values
separated by periods, e.g. 160.1.180.20. As an
alternative, you can enter the name of the
computer whose connection you want to check
 Press the Start button to begin the test. The
TNC shows the status information in the Ping
field
 Press the Stop button to conclude the test

Routing For network specialists: Status information of

the operating system for the current routing
 Update button:
Update routing

 Select the NFS UID/GID tab to enter the user and group
identifications:

Setting Meaning
Set UID/GID  User ID:
for NFS shares Definition of which user identification the end
user uses to access files in the network. Ask
your network specialist for the proper value
 Group ID:
Definition of the group identification with
which you access files in the network. Ask
your network specialist for the proper value

 Select the DHCP server tab to configure the DHCP server settings of
the machine network:

The configuration of the DHCP server is protected by

password. Please contact the machine tool builder.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 675

17.6 Ethernet interface

Setting Meaning
DHCP server  IP addresses as of:
active on: Define the IP address as of which the TNC is
to derive the pool of dynamic IP addresses.
The TNC transfers the values that appear
dimmed from the static IP address of the
defined Ethernet interface; these values
cannot be edited.
 IP addresses up to:
Define the IP address up to which the TNC is
to derive the pool of dynamic IP addresses.
 Lease Time (hours):
Time within which the dynamic IP address is
to remain reserved for a client. If a client logs
on within this time, the TNC reassigns the
same dynamic IP address.
 Domain name:
Here you can define a name for the machine
network if required. This is necessary if the
same names are assigned in the machine
network and in the external network, for
example.
 Forward DNS to external:
If IP Forwarding is active (Interfaces tab)
and the option is active, you can specify that
the name resolution for devices in the
machine network can also be used by the
external network.
 Forward DNS from external:
If IP Forwarding is active (Interfaces tab)
and the option is active, you can specify that
the TNC is to forward DNS inquiries from
devices within the machine network to the
name server of the external network if the
DNS server of the MC cannot answer the
inquiry.
 Status button:
Call an overview of the devices that are
provided with a dynamic IP address in the
machine network. You can also select
settings for these devices.
 Advanced options button:
Additional settings for the DNS/DHCP server.
 Set standard values button:
Define the factory default settings.

676 MOD Functions

 17.6 Ethernet interface
Network settings specific to the device
 Press the DEFINE MOUNT soft key to enter the network settings
for a specific device. You can define any number of network
settings, but you can manage only seven at one time

Setting Meaning
Network drive List of all connected network drives. The
TNC shows the respective status of the
network connections in the columns:
 Mount:
Network drive connected / not connected
 Auto:
Network drive is to be connected
automatically /manually
 Type:
Type of network connection. cifs and nfs
are possible
 Drive:
Designation of the drive on the TNC
 ID:
Internal ID that identifies if a mount point
has been used for more than one
connection
 Server:
Name of the server
 Share name:
Name of the directory on the server that
the TNC is to access
 User:
User name with which the user logs on to
the network
 Password:
Network drive password protected / not
protected
 Ask for password?:
Request / Do not request password during
connection
 Options:
Display additional connection options
To manage the network drives, use the
screen buttons.
To add network drives, use the Add button:
The TNC then starts the connection wizard,
which guides you by dialog through the
required definitions.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 677

17.6 Ethernet interface

Connecting the iTNC directly with a Windows PC

You can connect the iTNC directly to a PC that has an Ethernet card.
Let a network specialist enter the settings. The IP address of your PC
may need to be changed to that of the iTNC.

Prerequisite:
The network card must already be installed on the PC and
ready for operation.
If the PC that you want to connect the iTNC to is already
integrated in your company network, then keep the PC’s
network address and adapt the TNC’s network address
accordingly (see "Configuring the TNC" on page 671).

678 MOD Functions

 17.7 Configuring PGM MGT
17.7 Configuring PGM MGT
Application
Use the MOD functions to specify which directories or files are to be
displayed by the TNC:
 PGM MGT setting: Choose the new, mouse-operated file manager, or
the old file manager
 Dependent files setting: Specify whether dependent files are
displayed. The Manual setting shows dependent files, the Automatic
setting does not

For more information: See "Working with the file

manager", page 124.

Changing the PGM MGT setting

 Press the MOD key to select the MOD function
 Press the SETUP RS232 RS422 soft key
 To select the PGM MGT setting: Using the arrow keys, move the
highlight onto the PGM MGT setting and use the ENT key to switch
between ENHANCED 1 and ENHANCED 2
The new file manager (Enhanced 2 setting) offers the following
benefits:
 The mouse can be used for all operations, in addition to the
keyboard
 Sorting function available
 Text input moves the cursor to the next possible file name
 Favorites management
 Possibility of configuring the information to be displayed
 The date format can be set
 Flexible setting of window sizes
 Keyboard commands for easy operation

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 679

17.7 Configuring PGM MGT

Dependent files
In addition to the file extension, dependent files also have the
extension .SEC.DEP (SECtion, DEPendent). The following different
types are available:
 .H.SEC.DEP
The TNC creates files with the .SEC.DEP extension if you work with
the structure function. The file contains information needed by the
TNC to rapidly jump from one structure point to the next
 .T.DEP: Tool usage file for individual conversational-format programs
(see "Tool usage test" on page 202)
 .P.T.DEP: Tool usage file for a complete pallet
The TNC creates files with the .P.T.DEP ending if, in a Program Run
mode, you run the tool usage test (see "Tool usage test" on page
202) for a pallet entry of the active pallet file. This file then lists the
sum of all tool usage times of all tools that you use within a pallet
 .H.AFC.DEP: File in which the TNC saves the control parameters for
the adaptive feed control (AFC) (see "Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—
software option)" on page 440)
 .H.AFC2.DEP: File in which the TNC saves the statistical data of the
adaptive feed control (AFC) (see "Adaptive Feed Control (AFC—
software option)" on page 440)

Changing the MOD setting for dependent files

 To select the file manager in the Programming and Editing mode of
operation, press the PGM MGT key
 Press the MOD key to select the MOD function
 To select the Dependent files setting: Using the arrow keys, move
the highlight onto the Dependent files setting and use the ENT key
to switch between AUTOMATIC and MANUAL

Dependent files are only visible in the file manager if you

selected the MANUAL setting.
If dependent files exist for a file, then the TNC displays a +
character in the status column of the file manager (only if
Dependent files is set to AUTOMATIC).

680 MOD Functions

 17.8 Machine-specific user parameters
17.8 Machine-specific user
parameters
Application
To enable you to set machine-specific functions, your machine tool
builder can define up to 16 machine parameters as user parameters.

This function is not available on all TNCs. Refer to your

machine manual.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 681

17.9 Showing the workpiece blank in the working space

17.9 Showing the workpiece blank

in the working space
Application
This MOD function enables you to graphically check the position of the
workpiece blank in the machine’s working space and to activate work
space monitoring in the Test Run mode of operation.
The TNC displays a transparent cuboid for the working space. Its
dimensions are shown in the Traverse range table (default color is
green). The TNC takes the dimensions for the working space from the
machine parameters for the active traverse range. Since the traverse
range is defined in the reference system of the machine, the datum of
the cuboid is also the machine datum. You can see the position of the
machine datum in the cuboid by pressing the soft key M91 in the 2nd
soft-key row (default color is white).
Another transparent cuboid represents the workpiece blank. Its
dimensions are shown in the BLK FORM table (default color is blue). The
TNC takes the dimensions from the workpiece blank definition of the
selected program. The workpiece cuboid defines the coordinate
system for input. Its datum lies within the traverse-range cuboid. You
can view the position of the active datum within the traverse range by
pressing the "Show workpiece datum" soft key (2nd soft-key row).
For a test run it normally does not matter where the workpiece blank
is located within the working space. However, if you test programs
that contain movements with M91 or M92, you must graphically shift
the workpiece blank to prevent contour damage. Use the soft keys
shown in the following table.

If you want to perform a graphical collision test (software

option), you may need to graphically shift the reference
point in such a manner that no collision warnings are
generated.
Press the "Show the workpiece datum in the working
space" soft key to see the position of the workpiece blank
in the machine coordinate system. You must then place
your workpiece at these coordinates on the machine table
in order to ensure the same conditions during machining
as during the collision test.

682 MOD Functions

 17.9 Showing the workpiece blank in the working space
You can also activate the working-space monitor for the Test Run
mode in order to test the program with the current datum and the
active traverse ranges (see table below, last line).

Function Soft key

Move workpiece blank to the left

Move workpiece blank to the right

Move workpiece blank forward

Move workpiece blank backward

Move workpiece blank upward

Move workpiece blank downward

Display workpiece blank with reference to the datum

set: The TNC assumes the active datum (Preset) and
the active limit switch positions from the machine
operating mode in the Test Run

Show the entire traversing range referenced to the

displayed workpiece blank

Show the machine datum in the working space

Show a position determined by the machine tool

builder (e.g. tool change position) in the working
space

Show the workpiece datum in the working space

Enable (ON) or disable (OFF) working-space

monitoring during test run

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 683

17.9 Showing the workpiece blank in the working space

Rotating the entire image

The third soft-key row provides functions with which you can rotate
and tilt the entire image:

Function Soft keys

Rotate the image about the vertical axis

Tilt the image about the horizontal axis

684 MOD Functions

 17.10 Position display types
17.10 Position display types
Application
In the Manual Operation mode and in the Program Run modes of
operation, you can select the type of coordinates to be displayed.
NOML.
The figure at right shows the different tool positions:
1 Starting position ACTL.
2 Target position of the tool 1 21
3 Workpiece datum
4 Machine datum
The TNC position displays can show the following coordinates: REF DIST

Function Display 31

Actual position; current tool position ACTL.

41
Reference position; the actual position relative to REF
the machine datum

Servo lag; difference between nominal and actual LAG

positions (following error)

Nominal position: the value presently NOML.

commanded by the TNC

Distance remaining to the programmed position DIST

in the machine coordinate system; difference
between actual and target positions

Distance remaining to the programmed position DG 3D

in the active (tilted, where appropriate)
coordinate system; difference between actual
and target positions

Traverses that were carried out with handwheel M118

superimpositioning (M118)
(only Position display 2)

With the MOD function Position display 1, you can select the position
display in the status display.
With Position display 2, you can select the position display in the
additional status display.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 685

17.11 Unit of measurement

17.11 Unit of measurement

Application
This MOD function determines whether the coordinates are displayed
in millimeters (metric system) or inches.
 To select the metric system (e.g. X = 15.789 mm), set the Change
MM/INCH function to mm. The value is displayed to 3 decimal
places.
 To select the inch system (e.g. X = 0.6216 inches), set the Change
MM/INCH function to inches. The value is displayed to 4 decimal
places.
If you would like to activate the inch display, the TNC shows the feed
rate in inch/min. In an inch program you must enter the feed rate larger
by a factor of 10.

686 MOD Functions

 17.12 Selecting the programming language for $MDI
17.12 Selecting the programming
language for $MDI
Application
The Program input MOD function lets you decide whether to program
the $MDI file in HEIDENHAIN conversational dialog or in ISO format.
 To program the $MDI.H file in conversational dialog,
set the Program input function to HEIDENHAIN
 To program the $MDI.I file according to ISO,
set the Program input function to ISO

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 687

17.13 Selecting the axes for generating L blocks

17.13 Selecting the axes for

generating L blocks
Application
The axis selection input field enables you to define the current tool
position coordinates that are transferred to the L block To generate a
separate L block, press the ACTUAL POSITION CAPTURE key. The
axes are selected by bit-oriented definition similar to programming the
machine parameters:
Axis selection %11111: Transfer the X, Y, Z, IV, and V axes
Axis selection %01111: X, Y, Z, IV. Transfer the axis
Axis selection %00111: Transfer the X, Y and Z axes
Axis selection %00011: Transfer the X and Y axes
Axis selection %00001: Transfer the X axis

688 MOD Functions

 17.14 Entering the axis traverse limits, datum display
17.14 Entering the axis traverse
limits, datum display
Application
The AXIS LIMIT MOD function allows you to set limits to axis traverse
within the machine’s actual working envelope.
Z
Possible application: Protecting an indexing fixture against tool
collision.
The maximum range of traverse of the machine tool is defined by
software limit switches. This range can be additionally limited through Z max
the TRAVERSE RANGE MOD function. With this function, you can Z min
enter the maximum and minimum traverse positions for each axis,
Y
referenced to the machine datum. If several traverse ranges are
possible on your machine, you can set the limits for each range
Xmin
separately using the soft keys TRAVERSE RANGE (1) to TRAVERSE Ymax
RANGE (3).
Xmax Ymin

Working without additional traverse limits X

To allow a machine axis to use its full range of traverse, enter the
maximum traverse of the TNC (+/– 99 999 mm) as the TRAVERSE
RANGE.

Finding and entering the maximum traverse

 Set the position display MOD function to REF

 Move the spindle to the positive and negative end positions of the
X, Y and Z axes
 Write down the values, including the algebraic sign
 To select the MOD functions, press the MOD key
 Enter the limits for axis traverse: Press the TRAVERSE
RANGE soft key and enter the values that you wrote
down as limits in the corresponding axes
 To exit the MOD function, press the END soft key

Active tool radius compensations are not taken into

account in the axis traverse limit values.
The traverse range limits and software limit switches
become active as soon as the reference points are
traversed.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 689

17.14 Entering the axis traverse limits, datum display

Display of presets
The values shown at the top right of the screen define the currently
active preset. The preset can have been set manually or can have been
activated from the preset table. The preset cannot be changed in the
screen menu.

The displayed values depend on your machine

configuration.

690 MOD Functions

 17.15 Displaying HELP files
17.15 Displaying HELP files
Application
Help files can aid you in situations in which you need clear instructions
before you can continue (for example, to retract the tool after an
interruption of power). The miscellaneous functions may also be
explained in a help file. The figure at right shows the screen display of
a help file.

HELP files are not provided on every machine. Your

machine tool builder can provide you with further
information on this feature.

Selecting HELP files

 Press the MOD key to select the MOD function
 To select the last active HELP file, press the HELP soft
key
 Call the file manager (PGM MGT key) and select a
different help file, if necessary

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 691

17.16 Displaying operating times

17.16 Displaying operating times

Application
The MACHINE TIME soft key enables you to see various types of
operating times:

Operating time Meaning

Control on Operating time of the control since being
put into service

Machine on Operating time of the machine tool since

being put into service

Program run Duration of controlled operation since being

put into service

The machine tool builder can provide further operating

time displays. The machine manual provides further
information.
At the bottom of the screen you can enter a code number
to have the TNC reset the displayed times. The machine
tool builder defines exactly which times the TNC resets,
so refer to your machine manual for more information.

692 MOD Functions

 17.17 Checking the data carrier
17.17 Checking the data carrier
Application
Press the CHECK THE FILE SYSTEM soft key to check the TNC and
PLC partitions on the hard disk, and have them automatically be
repaired if necessary.

The TNC’s system partition is automatically checked each

time the control is started. If any errors are found on the
system partition, the TNC reports this with an error
message.

Performing the data carrier check

Danger of collision!
Before starting the data carrier check, put the machine in
the EMERGENCY STOP condition. The TNC restarts the
software before performing the check!

 Press the MOD key to select the MOD function

 To select the diagnostic functions, press the
DIAGNOSIS soft key
 To start the data carrier test, press the CHECK THE
FILE SYSTEM soft key
 Press the YES soft key again to confirm that the check
should be started. This function shuts down the TNC
software and starts checking the data carrier. This
check can take some time, depending on the number
and size of the files that you have stored on the hard
disk
 At the end of the test the TNC displays a window with
the results of the test. The TNC also writes the results
to the system log
 In order to restart the TNC software, press the ENT
key

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 693

17.18 Setting the system time

17.18 Setting the system time

Application
You can set the time zone, the date and the system time with the SET
DATE/TIME soft key.

Selecting appropriate settings

The TNC must be reset after you change the time zone,
date or system time. In such cases the TNC displays a
warning when the window closes.

 Press the MOD key to select the MOD function

 Scroll through the soft-key row
 To display the time zone window, press the SET TIME
ZONE soft key
 In the right side under "time zone," click your correct
time zone
 In the left of the pop-up window you select whether
you want to set the time manually (activate the Set
the time manually option), or whether the TNC is to
synchronize the time through a server (activate the
Synchronize the time over NTP server option)
 If required, edit the time of day through the keyboard
 To save the settings, click the OK button
 To discard the changes and cancel the dialog, click the
Cancel button

694 MOD Functions

 17.19 TeleService
17.19 TeleService
Application

The TeleService functions are enabled and adapted by the

machine tool builder. The machine manual provides
further information.
The TNC provides two soft keys for TeleService, making it
possible to configure two different service agencies.

The TNC allows you to carry out TeleService. To be able to use this
feature, your TNC should be equipped with an Ethernet card which
achieves a higher data transfer rate than the serial RS232-C interface.
With the HEIDENHAIN TeleService software, your machine tool
builder can then establish a connection to the TNC via an ISDN modem
and carry out diagnostics. The following functions are available:
 On-line screen transfer
 Polling of machine states
 Data transfer
 Remote control of the TNC

Calling/exiting TeleService
 Select any machine mode of operation
 Press the MOD key to select the MOD function
 Establish a connection to the service agency: Set the
SERVICE or SUPPORT soft key to ON. The TNC
breaks the connection automatically if no new data
have been transferred for a time set by the machine
tool builder (default: 15 min)
 To break the connection to the service agency: Set the
SERVICE or SUPPORT soft key to OFF. The TNC
terminates the connection after approx. one minute

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 695

17.20 External access

17.20 External access

Application

The machine tool builder can configure teleservice

settings with the LSV-2 interface. The machine manual
provides further information.

The soft key SERVICE can be used to grant or restrict access through
the LSV-2 interface.
With an entry in the configuration file TNC.SYS you can protect a
directory and its subdirectories with a password. The password is
requested when data from this directory is accessed from the LSV-2
interface. Enter the path and password for external access in the
configuration file TNC.SYS.

The TNC.SYS file must be stored in the root directory

TNC:\.
If you only supply one entry for the password, then the
entire drive TNC:\ is protected.
You should use the updated versions of the HEIDENHAIN
software TNCremo or TNCremoNT to transfer the data.

Entries in TNC.SYS Meaning

REMOTE.PERMISSION= Permit LSV-2 access only for
defined computers. Define the
list of computer names.

REMOTE.TNCPASSWORD= Password for LSV-2 access

REMOTE.TNCPRIVATEPATH= Path to be protected

696 MOD Functions

 17.20 External access
Example of TNC.SYS
REMOTE.PERMISSION=PC2225;PC3547
REMOTE.TNCPASSWORD=KR1402
REMOTE.TNCPRIVATEPATH=TNC:\RK

Permitting/Restricting external access

 Select any machine mode of operation
 Press the MOD key to select the MOD function
 Permit a connection to the TNC: Set the EXTERNAL
ACCESS soft key to ON. The TNC will then permit
data access through the LSV-2 interface. The
password is requested when a directory that was
entered in the configuration file TNC.SYS is accessed
 Block connections to the TNC: Set the EXTERNAL
ACCESS soft key to OFF. The TNC will then block
access through the LSV-2 interface

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 697

17.21 Host computer operation

17.21 Host computer operation

Application

The machine tool builder defines the behavior and

functionality of the host computer operation. The machine
manual provides further information.

With the HOST COMPUTER OPERATION soft key you transfer the
command to an external host computer in order to transfer data to the
control, for example.

Permitting/Restricting external access

 Select the Programming and Editing operating mode or Test Run
mode
 Press the MOD key to select the MOD function
 Scroll through the soft-key row
 Activate Host computer operation: The TNC shows an
empty screen
 Terminate Host computer operation: Press the END
soft key

Note that your machine tool builder can specify that you
may not terminate host computer operation manually;
refer to the relevant machine tool manual.
Note that your machine tool builder can specify that the
host computer operation can also be automatically
activated externally; refer to the relevant machine tool
manual.

698 MOD Functions

 17.22 Configuring the HR 550 FS wireless handwheel
17.22 Configuring the HR 550 FS
wireless handwheel
Application
Press the SET UP WIRELESS HANDWHEEL soft key to configure the
HR 550 FS wireless handwheel. The following functions are available:
 Assigning the handwheel to a specific handwheel holder
 Setting the transmission channel
 Analyzing the frequency spectrum for determining the optimum
transmission channel
 Selecting the transmitter power
 Statistical information on the transmission quality

Assigning the handwheel to a specific

handwheel holder
 Make sure that the handwheel holder is connected to the control
hardware.
 Place the wireless handwheel you want to assign to the handwheel
holder in the handwheel holder
 Press the MOD key to select the MOD function
 Scroll through the soft-key row
 Select the configuration menu for the wireless
handwheel: Press the SET UP WIRELESS
HANDWHEEL soft key
 Click the Connect HR button: The TNC saves the serial
number of the wireless handwheel located in the
handwheel holder and shows it in the configuration
window to the left of the Connect HR button
 To save the configuration and exit the configuration
menu, press the END button

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 699

17.22 Configuring the HR 550 FS wireless handwheel

Setting the transmission channel

If the wireless handwheel is started automatically, the TNC tries to
select the transmission channel supplying the best transmission
signal. If you want to set the transmission channel manually, proceed
as follows:
 Press the MOD key to select the MOD function
 Scroll through the soft-key row
 Select the configuration menu for the wireless
handwheel: Press the SET UP WIRELESS
HANDWHEEL soft key
 Click the Frequency spectrum tab
 Click the Stop HR button: The TNC stops the
connection to the wireless handwheel and
determines the current frequency spectrum for all of
the 16 available channels
 Memorize the number of the channel with the least
amount of radio traffic (smallest bar)
 Click the Start handwheel button to reactivate the
wireless handwheel
 Click the Properties tab
 Click the Select channel button: The TNC shows all
available channel numbers. Click the channel number
for which the TNC determined the least amount of
radio traffic
 To save the configuration and exit the configuration
menu, press the END button

700 MOD Functions

 17.22 Configuring the HR 550 FS wireless handwheel
Selecting the transmitter power

Please keep in mind that the transmission range of the

wireless handwheel decreases when the transmitter
power is reduced.

 Press the MOD key to select the MOD function

 Scroll through the soft-key row
 Select the configuration menu for the wireless
handwheel: Press the SET UP WIRELESS
HANDWHEEL soft key
 Click the Set power button: The TNC shows the three
available power settings. Click the desired setting
 To save the configuration and exit the configuration
menu, press the END button

Statistics
Under Statistics, the TNC displays information about the
transmission quality.
If the reception quality is poor so that a proper and safe stop of the
axes cannot be ensured anymore, an emergency-stop reaction of the
wireless handwheel is triggered.
The displayed value Max. successive lost indicates whether
reception quality is poor. If the TNC repeatedly displays values greater
than 2 during normal operation of the wireless handwheel within the
desired range of use, then there is a risk of an undesired
disconnection. This can be corrected by increasing the transmitter
power or by changing to another channel with less radio traffic.
If this occurs, try to improve the transmission quality by selecting
another channel (see "Setting the transmission channel" on page 700)
or by increasing the transmitter power (see "Selecting the transmitter
power" on page 701).
To display the statistical data, proceed as follows:
 Press the MOD key to select the MOD function
 Scroll through the soft-key row
 To select the configuration menu for the wireless
handwheel, press the SET UP WIRELESS
HANDWHEEL soft key: The TNC displays the
configuration menu with the statistical data

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 701

 17.22 Configuring the HR 550 FS wireless handwheel

702
MOD Functions
Tables and Overviews
18.1 General user parameters

18.1 General user parameters

General user parameters are machine parameters affecting TNC
settings that the user may want to change in accordance with his
requirements.
Some examples of user parameters are:
 Dialog language
 Interface behavior
 Traversing speeds
 Sequence of machining
 Effect of overrides

Input possibilities for machine parameters

Machine parameters can be programmed as
 Decimal numbers
Enter only the number
 Pure binary numbers
Enter a percent sign (%) before the number
 Hexadecimal numbers
Enter a dollar sign ($) before the number

Example:
Instead of the decimal number 27 you can also enter the binary
number %11011 or the hexadecimal number $1B.
The individual machine parameters can be entered in the different
number systems.
Some machine parameters have more than one function. The input
value for these machine parameters is the sum of the individual
values. For these machine parameters the individual values are
preceded by a plus sign.

Selecting general user parameters

General user parameters are selected with code number 123 in the
MOD functions.

The MOD functions also include machine-specific user

parameters.

704 Tables and Overviews

 18.1 General user parameters
List of general user parameters
External data transfer
Adjusting TNC interfaces EXT1 (5020.0) and MP5020.x
EXT2 (5020.1) to an external device 7 data bits (ASCII code, 8th bit = parity): Bit 0 = 0
8 data bits (ASCII code, 9th bit = parity): Bit 0 = 1

Block Check Character (BCC) any: Bit 1 = 0

Block Check Character (BCC) control character not permitted: Bit 1 = 1

Transmission stop through RTS active: Bit 2 = 1

Transmission stop through RTS inactive: Bit 2 = 0

Transmission stop through DC3 active: Bit 3 = 1

Transmission stop through DC3 inactive: Bit 3 = 0

Character parity even: Bit 4 = 0

Character parity odd: Bit 4 = 1

Character parity undesired: Bit 5 = 0

Character parity desired: Bit 5 = 1

Number of stop bits that are transmitted at the end of a character:

1 stop bit: Bit 6 = 0
2 stop bits: Bit 6 = 1
1 stop bit: Bit 7 = 1
1 stop bit: Bit 7 = 0
Example:
Use the following setting to adjust the TNC interface EXT2 (MP 5020.1) to
an external non-HEIDENHAIN device:
8 data bits, any BCC, transmission stop through DC3, even character
parity, character parity desired, 2 stop bits
Input for MP 5020.1: %01101001

Interface type for EXT1 (5030.0) and MP5030.x

EXT2 (5030.1) Standard transmission: 0
Interface for blockwise transfer: 1

Touch probes
Selecting signal transmission MP6010
Touch probe with cable transmission: 0
Touch probe with infrared transmission: 1

Probing feed rate for triggering touch MP6120

probes 1 to 3000 [mm/min]

Maximum traverse to first touch point MP6130

0.001 to 99 999.9999 [mm]

Safety clearance to probing point during MP6140

automatic measurement 0.001 to 99 999.9999 [mm]

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 705

18.1 General user parameters

Touch probes
Rapid traverse for triggering touch probes MP6150
1 to 300 000 [mm/min]

Pre-positioning at rapid traverse MP6151

Pre-position with speed from MP6150: 0
Pre-position at rapid traverse: 1

Measure center misalignment of the stylus MP6160

when calibrating a triggering touch probe No 180° rotation of the touch probe during calibration: 0
M function for 180° rotation of the touch probe during calibration: 1 to 999

M function for orienting the infrared sensor MP6161

before each measuring cycle Function inactive: 0
Orientation directly through the NC: -1
M function for orienting the touch probe: 1 to 999

Angle of orientation for the infrared sensor MP6162

0 to 359.9999 [°]

Difference between the current angle of MP6163

orientation and the angle of orientation set 0 to 3.0000 [°]
in MP 6162; when the entered difference is
reached, an oriented spindle stop is to be
carried out

Automatic operation: Automatically orient MP6165

the infrared sensor before probing to the Function inactive: 0
programmed probing direction Orient infrared sensor: 1

Manual operation: Compensate the probe MP6166

direction taking an active basic rotation into Function inactive: 0
account Take basic rotation into account: 1

Multiple measurement for programmable MP6170

probe function 1 to 3

Confidence range for multiple MP6171

measurement 0.001 to 0.999 [mm]

Automatic calibration cycle: Center of the MP6180.0 (traverse range 1) to MP6180.2 (traverse range 3)
calibration ring in the X axis referenced to 0 to 99 999.9999 [mm]
the machine datum

Automatic calibration cycle: Center of the MP6181.x (traverse range 1) to MP6181.2 (traverse range 3)
calibration ring in the Y axis referenced to 0 to 99 999.9999 [mm]
the machine datum

Automatic calibration cycle: Upper edge of MP6182.x (traverse range 1) to MP6182.2 (traverse range 3)
the calibration ring in the Z axis referenced 0 to 99 999.9999 [mm]
to the machine datum

Automatic calibration cycle: Distance below MP6185.x (traverse range 1) to MP6185.2 (traverse range 3)
the upper edge of the ring where the 0.1 to 99 999.9999 [mm]
calibration is carried out by the TNC

706 Tables and Overviews

 18.1 General user parameters
Touch probes
Radius measurement with the TT 130 touch MP6505.0 (traverse range 1) to 6505.2 (traverse range 3)
probe: Probing direction Positive probing direction in the angle reference axis (0° axis): 0
Positive probing direction in the +90° axis: 1
Negative probing direction in the angle reference axis (0° axis): 2
Negative probing direction in the +90° axis: 3

Probing feed rate for second measurement MP6507

with TT 130, stylus shape, corrections in Calculate feed rate for second measurement with TT 130,
TOOL.T with constant tolerance: Bit 0 = 0
Calculate feed rate for second measurement with TT 130,
with variable tolerance: Bit 0 = 1
Constant feed rate for second measurement with TT 130: Bit 1 = 1

Maximum permissible measuring error MP6510.0

with TT 130 during measurement with 0.001 to 0.999 [mm] (recommended input value: 0.005 mm)
rotating tool
MP6510.1
Required for calculating the probing feed rate in 0.001 to 0.999 [mm] (recommended input value: 0.01 mm)
connection with MP6570

Feed rate for probing a stationary tool with MP6520

the TT 130 1 to 3000 [mm/min]

Radius measurement with the TT 130: MP6530.0 (traverse range 1) to MP6530.2 (traverse range 3)
Distance from lower edge of tool to upper 0.001 to 99.9999 [mm]
edge of stylus

Set-up clearance in the tool axis above the MP6540.0

stylus of the TT 130 for pre-positioning 0.001 to 30 000.000 [mm]

Clearance zone in the machining plane MP6540.1

around the stylus of the TT 130 for pre- 0.001 to 30 000.000 [mm]
positioning

Rapid traverse for TT 130 in the probe cycle MP6550

10 to 10 000 [mm/min]

M function for oriented spindle stop when MP6560

measuring individual teeth 0 to 999
-1: Function inactive

Measuring rotating tools: Permissible MP6570

rotational speed at the circumference of the 1.000 to 120.000 [m/min]
milling tool
Required for calculating rpm and probe feed
rate

Measuring rotating tools: Permissible MP6572

rotational rpm 0.000 to 1000.000 [rpm]
If you enter 0, the speed is limited to 1000 rpm

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 707

18.1 General user parameters

Touch probes
Coordinates of the TT 120 stylus center MP6580.0 (traverse range 1)
relative to the machine datum X axis

MP6580.1 (traverse range 1)

Y axis

MP6580.2 (traverse range 1)

Z axis

MP6581.0 (traverse range 2)

X axis

MP6581.1 (traverse range 2)

Y axis

MP6581.2 (traverse range 2)

Z axis

MP6582.0 (traverse range 3)

X axis

MP6582.1 (traverse range 3)

Y axis

MP6582.2 (traverse range 3)

Z axis

Monitoring the position of rotary axes and MP6585

parallel axes Function inactive: 0
Monitor axis positions, definable bit-coded for each axis: 1

Defining the rotary axes and parallel axes to MP6586.0

be monitored Do not monitor the position of the A axis: 0
Monitor the position of the A axis: 1
MP6586.1
Do not monitor the position of the B axis: 0
Monitor the position of the B axis: 1
MP6586.2
Do not monitor the position of the C axis: 0
Monitor the position of the C axis: 1
MP6586.3
Do not monitor the position of the U axis: 0
Monitor the position of the U axis: 1
MP6586.4
Do not monitor the position of the V axis: 0
Monitor the position of the V axis: 1
MP6586.5
Do not monitor the position of the W axis: 0
Monitor the position of the W axis: 1

KinematicsOpt: Tolerance limit for error MP6600

message in Optimization mode 0.001 to 0.999

708 Tables and Overviews

 18.1 General user parameters
Touch probes
KinematicsOpt: Maximum permitted MP6601
deviation from entered calibration sphere 0.01 to 0.1
radius

KinematicsOpt: M function for positioning MP6602

rotary axes Function inactive:-1
Position the rotary axis with a defined miscellaneous function: 0 to 9999

TNC displays, TNC editor

Cycles 17, 18 and 207: MP7160
Oriented spindle stop Oriented spindle stop: 0
at beginning of cycle No oriented spindle stop: 1

Setting up the MP7210

programming station TNC with machine: 0
TNC as programming station with active PLC: 1
TNC as programming station with inactive PLC: 2

Acknowledgment of MP7212
POWER INTERRUPTED Acknowledge with key: 0
after switch-on Acknowledge automatically: 1

ISO programming: Set MP7220

the block number 0 to 150
increment

Disabling the selection MP7224.0

of file types All file types selectable via soft key: %0000000
Disable selection of HEIDENHAIN programs (soft key SHOW .H): Bit 0 = 1
Disable selection of DIN/ISO programs (soft key SHOW .I): Bit 1 = 1
Disable selection of tool tables (soft key SHOW .T): Bit 2 = 1
Disable selection of datum tables (soft key SHOW .D): Bit 3 = 1
Disable selection of pallet tables (soft key SHOW .P): Bit 4 = 1
Disable selection of text files (soft key SHOW .A): Bit 5 = 1
Disable selection of point tables (soft key SHOW .PNT): Bit 6 = 1

Disabling the editor for MP7224.1

certain file types Do not disable editor: %0000000
Disable editor for
Note:
 HEIDENHAIN programs: Bit 0 = 1
If a particular file type is
inhibited, the TNC will  ISO programs: Bit 1 = 1
erase all files of this type.  Tool tables: Bit 2 = 1
 Datum tables: Bit 3 = 1
 Pallet tables: Bit 4 = 1
 Text files: Bit 5 = 1
 Point tables: Bit 6 = 1

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 709

18.1 General user parameters

TNC displays, TNC editor

Locking soft key for MP7224.2
tables Do not lock the EDITING ON/OFF soft key: %0000000
Lock the EDITING ON/OFF soft key for
 Without function: Bit 0 = 1
 Without function: Bit 1 = 1
 Tool tables: Bit 2 = 1
 Datum tables: Bit 3 = 1
 Pallet tables: Bit 4 = 1
 Without function: Bit 5 = 1
 Point tables: Bit 6 = 1

Configure pallet files MP7226.0

Pallet table not active: 0
Number of pallets per pallet table: 1 to 255

Configuring datum MP7226.1

files Datum table not active: 0
Number of datums per datum table: 1 to 255

Program length up to MP7229.0

which the LBL Blocks 100 to 9999
numbers are checked

Program length up to MP7229.1

which FK blocks are Blocks 100 to 9999
checked

Set the dialog MP7230.0 to MP7230.3

language English: 0
German: 1
Czech: 2
French: 3
Italian: 4
Spanish: 5
Portuguese: 6
Swedish: 7
Danish: 8
Finnish: 9
Dutch: 10
Polish: 11
Hungarian: 12
Reserved: 13
Russian (Cyrillic character set): 14 (only as of MC 422 B)
Chinese (simplified): 15 (only as of MC 422 B)
Chinese (traditional): 16 (only as of MC 422 B)
Slovenian: 17 (only as of MC 422 B)
Norwegian: 18 (only as of MC 422 B)
Slovak: 19 (only as of MC 422 B)
Korean: 21 (only as of MC 422 B)
Turkish: 23 (only as of MC 422 B)
Romanian: 24 (only as of MC 422 B)
Note: The conversational languages Latvian, Estonian, and Lithuanian are no longer supported.
If one of them is selected in MP7230, the TNC displays English dialog texts.

710 Tables and Overviews

 18.1 General user parameters
TNC displays, TNC editor
Configure the tool MP7260
tables Inactive: 0
Number of tools generated by the TNC when a new tool table is opened: 1 to 254
If you require more than 254 tools, you can expand the tool table with the function APPEND N
LINES (see "Tool data", page 180)

Configuring pocket MP7261.0 (magazine 1)

tables MP7261.1 (magazine 2)
MP7261.2 (magazine 3)
MP7261.3 (magazine 4)
MP7261.4 (magazine 5)
MP7261.5 (magazine 6)
MP7261.6 (magazine 7)
MP7261.7 (magazine 8)
Inactive: 0
Number of pockets in the tool magazine: 1 to 9999
If the value 0 is entered in MP7261.1 through MP7261.7, the TNC uses only one tool magazine.

Index tool numbers in MP7262

order to be able to Do not index: 0
assign different Number of permissible indices: 1 to 9
compensation data to
one tool number

Configuration of tool MP7263

table and pocket table Configuration settings for tool table and pocket table: %0000
 Show the POCKET TABLE soft key in the tool table: Bit 0 = 0
 Do not show the POCKET TABLE soft key in the tool table: Bit 0 = 1
 External data transmission: Only transmit displayed columns: Bit 1 = 0
 External data transmission: Transmit all columns: Bit 1 = 1
 Show the EDIT ON/OFF soft key in the pocket table: Bit 2 = 0
 Do not show the EDIT ON/OFF soft key in the pocket table: Bit 2 = 1
 RESET COLUMN T and RESET POCKET TABLE soft keys active: Bit 3 = 0
 RESET COLUMN T and RESET POCKET TABLE soft keys not active: Bit 3 = 1
 Do not allow the deletion of tools if they are contained in the pocket table: Bit 4 = 0
 Allow the deletion of tools if they are contained in the pocket table, deletion must be confirmed
by the user: Bit 4 = 1
 Deletion of tools contained in the pocket table is possible with confirmation: Bit 5 = 0
 Deletion of tools contained in the pocket table is possible without confirmation: Bit 5 = 1
 Delete indexed tools without confirmation: Bit 6 = 0
 Delete indexed tools with confirmation: Bit 6 = 1

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 711

18.1 General user parameters

TNC displays, TNC editor

Configuring tool table MP7266.0
(To omit from the Tool name – NAME: 0 to 42; column width: 32 characters
table: enter 0); Column MP7266.1
number in the tool Tool length – L: 0 to 42; column width: 11 characters
table for MP7266.2
Tool radius – R: 0 to 42; column width: 11 characters
MP7266.3
Tool radius 2 – R2: 0 to 42; column width: 11 characters
MP7266.4
Oversize length – DL: 0 to 42; column width: 8 characters
MP7266.5
Oversize radius – DR: 0 to 42; column width: 8 characters
MP7266.6
Oversize radius 2 – DR2: 0 to 42; column width: 8 characters
MP7266.7
Tool locked – TL: 0 to 42; column width: 2 characters
MP7266.8
Replacement tool – RT: 0 to 42; column width: 5 characters
MP7266.9
Maximum tool life – TIME1: 0 to 42; column width: 5 characters
MP7266.10
Maximum tool life for TOOL CALL – TIME2: 0 to 42; column width: 5 characters
MP7266.11
Current tool life – CUR. TIME: 0 to 42; column width: 8 characters
MP7266.12
Tool comment – DOC: 0 to 42; column width: 16 characters
MP7266.13
Number of teeth – CUT.: 0 to 42; column width: 4 characters
MP7266.14
Tolerance for wear detection in tool length – LTOL: 0 to 42; column width: 6 characters
MP7266.15
Tolerance for wear detection in tool radius – RTOL: 0 to 42; column width: 6 characters
MP7266.16
Cutting direction – DIRECT.: 0 to 42; column width: 7 characters
MP7266.17
PLC status – PLC: 0 to 42; column width: 9 characters
MP7266.18
Offset of the tool in the tool axis in addition to MP6530 – TT:L-OFFS: 0 to 42;
column width: 11 characters
MP7266.19
Offset of the tool between stylus center and tool center – TT:R-OFFS: 0 to 42;
column width: 11 characters

712 Tables and Overviews

 18.1 General user parameters
TNC displays, TNC editor
Configuring tool table MP7266.20
(To omit from the Tolerance for break detection in tool length – LBREAK.: 0 to 42; column width: 6 characters
table: enter 0); Column MP7266.21
number in the tool Tolerance for break detection in tool radius – RBREAK: 0 to 42; column width: 6 characters
table for MP7266.22
Tooth length (Cycle 22) – LCUTS: 0 to 42; column width: 11 characters
MP7266.23
Maximum plunge angle (Cycle 22) – ANGLE: 0 to 42; column width: 7 characters
MP7266.24
Tool type –TYP: 0 to 42; column width: 5 characters
MP7266.25
Tool material – TMAT: 0 to 42; column width: 16 characters
MP7266.26
Cutting data table – CDT: 0 to 42; column width: 16 characters
MP7266.27
PLC value – PLC-VAL: 0 to 42; column width: 11 characters
MP7266.28
Center misalignment in reference axis – CAL-OFF1: 0 to 42; column width: 11 characters
MP7266.29
Center misalignment in minor axis – CAL-OFF2: 0 to 42; column width: 11 characters
MP7266.30
Spindle angle for calibration – CALL-ANG: 0 to 42; column width: 11 characters
MP7266.31
Tool type for the pocket table – PTYP: 0 to 42; column width: 2 characters
MP7266.32
Limitation of spindle speed – NMAX: 0 to 42; Column width: 6 characters
MP7266.33
Retraction at NC stop – LIFTOFF: 0 to 42; column width is 1 character
MP7266.34
Machine-dependent function – P1: 0 to 42; column width: 10 characters
MP7266.35
Machine-dependent function – P2: 0 to 42; column width: 10 characters
MP7266.36
Machine-dependent function – P3: 0 to 42; column width: 10 characters
MP7266.37
Tool-specific kinematics description – KINEMATIC: 0 to 42; column width: 16 characters
MP7266.38
Point angle T_ANGLE: 0 to 42; column width: 9 characters
MP7266.39
Thread pitch – PITCH: 0 to 42; column width: 10 characters
MP7266.40
Adaptive feed control – AFC: 0 to 42; column width: 10 characters
MP7266.41
Tolerance for wear detection in tool radius 2 – R2TOL: 0 to 42; column width: 6 characters
MP7266.42
Name of the compensation-value table for 3-D tool radius compensation depending on the tool's
contact angle
MP7266.43
Date/Time of the last tool call

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 713

18.1 General user parameters

TNC displays, TNC editor

Configuring tool MP7267.0
pocket table (to omit Tool number – T: 0 to 20
from the table: enter 0); MP7267.1
Column number in the Special tool – ST: 0 to 20
pocket table for MP7267.2
Fixed pocket – F: 0 to 20
MP7267.3
Pocket locked – L: 0 to 20
MP7267.4
PLC status – PLC: 0 to 20
MP7267.5
Tool name from tool table – TNAME: 0 to 20
MP7267.6
Comment from tool table – DOC: 0 to 20
MP7267.7
Tool type – PTYP: 0 to 20
MP7267.8
Value for PLC – P1: 0 to 20
MP7267.9
Value for PLC – P2: 0 to 20
MP7267.10
Value for PLC – P3: 0 to 20
MP7267.11
Value for PLC – P4: 0 to 20
MP7267.12
Value for PLC – P5: 0 to 20
MP7267.13
Reserved pocket – RSV: 0 to 20
MP7267.14
Pocket above locked – LOCKED_ABOVE: 0 to 20
MP7267.15
Pocket below locked – LOCKED_BELOW: 0 to 20
MP7267.16
Pocket at left locked – LOCKED_LEFT: 0 to 20
MP7267.17
Pocket at right locked – LOCKED_RIGHT: 0 to 20
MP7267.18
S1 value for PLC – P6: 0to 20
MP7267.19
S2 value for PLC – P7: 0 to 20

714 Tables and Overviews

 18.1 General user parameters
TNC displays, TNC editor
Configuring datum MP7268.0
table (To omit from the Comment – DOC: 0 to 11
table: enter 0); Column MP7268.1
number in the datum Basic rotation – ROT: 0 to 11
table for MP7268.2
Datum in X axis – X: 0 to 11
MP7268.3
Datum in Y axis – Y: 0 to 11
MP7268.4
Datum in Z axis – Z: 0 to 11
MP7268.5
Datum in A axis – A: 0 to 11
MP7268.6
Datum in B axis – B: 0 to 11
MP7268.7
Datum in C axis – C: 0 to 11
MP7268.8
Datum in U axis – U: 0 to 11
MP7268.9
Datum in V axis – V: 0 to 11
MP7268.10
Datum in W axis – W: 0 to 11

Manual Operation MP7270

mode: Display of feed Display feed rate F only if an axis direction button is pressed: 0
rate Display feed rate F even if no axis direction button is pressed (feed rate defined via soft key F or
feed rate of the “slowest” axis): 1

Set decimal places MP7280

The decimal character is a comma: 0
The decimal character is a point: 1

Select the MP7281.0

"Programming and Always show all NC blocks completely: 0
Editing" mode of Only show current block completely: 1
operation: Display of Only show NC block completely when editing: 2
multiline NC blocks

Select the "Program MP7281.1

Run" mode of Always show all NC blocks completely: 0
operation: Display of Only show current block completely: 1
multiline NC blocks Only show NC block completely when editing: 2

Position display in the MP7285

tool axis Display is referenced to the tool datum: 0
Display in the tool axis is referenced to the tool face: 1

Display step for the MP7289

spindle position 0.1 °: 0
0.05 °: 1
0.01 °: 2
0.005 °: 3
0.001 °: 4
0.0005 °: 5
0.0001 °: 6

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 715

18.1 General user parameters

TNC displays, TNC editor

Display step MP7290.0 (X axis) to MP7290.13 (14th axis)
0.1 mm: 0
0.05 mm: 1
0.01 mm: 2
0.005 mm: 3
0.001 mm: 4
0.0005 mm: 5
0.0001 mm: 6

Disabling datum MP7294

setting in the preset Do not disable datum setting: %00000000000000
table Disable datum setting in the X axis: Bit 0 = 1
Disable datum setting in the Y axis: Bit 1 = 1
Disable datum setting in the Z axis: Bit 2 = 1
Disable datum setting in the IVth axis: Bit 3 = 1
Disable datum setting in the Vth axis: Bit 4 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 6th axis: Bit 5 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 7th axis: Bit 6 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 8th axis: Bit 7 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 9th axis: Bit 8 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 10th axis: Bit 9 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 11th axis: Bit 10 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 12th axis: Bit 11 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 13th axis: Bit 12 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 14th axis: Bit 13 = 1

Disabling datum MP7295

setting Do not disable datum setting: %00000000000000
Disable datum setting in the X axis: Bit 0 = 1
Disable datum setting in the Y axis: Bit 1 = 1
Disable datum setting in the Z axis: Bit 2 = 1
Disable datum setting in the IVth axis: Bit 3 = 1
Disable datum setting in the Vth axis: Bit 4 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 6th axis: Bit 5 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 7th axis: Bit 6 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 8th axis: Bit 7 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 9th axis: Bit 8 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 10th axis: Bit 9 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 11th axis: Bit 10 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 12th axis: Bit 11 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 13th axis: Bit 12 = 1
Disable datum setting in the 14th axis: Bit 13 = 1

Disable datum setting MP7296

with the orange axis Do not disable datum setting: %0
keys Disable datum setting with the orange axis keys: 1

716 Tables and Overviews

 18.1 General user parameters
TNC displays, TNC editor
Resetting status MP7300
display, Q parameters, Caution: For safety reasons, do not use settings 0 through 3.
tool data and This would cause the TNC to delete the tool data.
machining time Reset all when a program is selected: 0
Reset all when a program is selected and with M2, M30, END PGM: 1
Reset only status display, machining time and tool data when a program is selected: 2 Reset only
status display, machining time and tool data when a program is selected and with M2, M30, END
PGM: 3
Reset status display, machining time and Q parameters when a program is selected: 4
Reset status display, machining time, and Q parameters when a program is selected and with
M2, M30, END PGM: 5
Reset status display and machining time when a program is selected: 6
Reset status display and machining time when a program is selected and with M2, M30, END
PGM: 7

Settings for graphic MP7310

display mode Projection in three planes according to ISO 128, projection method 1: Bit 0 = 0
Projection in three planes according to ISO 128, projection method 2: Bit 0 = 1
Display new BLK FORM in Cycle 7 DATUM SHIFT referenced to the old datum: Bit 2 = 0
Display new BLK FORM in Cycle 7 DATUM SHIFT referenced to the new datum: Bit 2 = 1
Do not show cursor position during projection in three planes: Bit 4 = 0
Show cursor position during projection in three planes: Bit 4 = 1
Software functions of the new 3-D graphics active: Bit 5 = 0
Software functions of the new 3-D graphics not active: Bit 5 = 1

Limitation of a tool’s MP7312

tooth length to be 0 to 99 999.9999 [mm]
simulated. Only Factor by which the tool diameter is multiplied in order to increase the simulation speed. If 0 is
effective if LCUTS is entered, the TNC assumes an infinitely long tooth length, which significantly increases the time
not defined required for the simulation.

Graphic simulation MP7315

without programmed 0 to 99 999.9999 [mm]
tool axis: Tool radius

Graphic simulation MP7316

without programmed 0 to 99 999.9999 [mm]
tool axis: Penetration
depth

Graphic simulation MP7317.0

without programmed 0 to 88 (0: Function inactive)
tool axis: M-function
for start

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 717

18.1 General user parameters

TNC displays, TNC editor

Graphic simulation MP7317.1
without programmed 0 to 88 (0: Function inactive)
tool axis: M function
for end

Set screen saver MP7392.0

0 to 99 [min]
Time in minutes until the screen saver switches on (0: Function not active)
MP7392.1
No screen saver is active: 0
Standard screen saver of the X server: 1
3-D line pattern: 2

718 Tables and Overviews

 18.1 General user parameters
Machining and program run
Effect of Cycle 11 SCALING FACTOR MP7410
SCALING FACTOR effective in three axes: 0
SCALING FACTOR effective in the working plane only: 1

Managing tool data/calibration data MP7411

The TNC saves the calibrated data for the touch probe internally: +0
The TNC uses the compensation values for the touch probe from the tool
table as calibration data for the touch probe: +1

SL cycles MP7420
The following applies to Cycles 21, 22, 23, 24:
Mill channel around the contour—clockwise for islands and
counterclockwise for pockets: Bit 0 = 0
Mill channel around the contour—clockwise for pockets and
counterclockwise for islands: Bit 0 = 1
First mill the channel, then rough out the contour: Bit 1 = 0
Rough out the contour, then mill the channel: Bit 1 = 1
Combine compensated contours: Bit 2 = 0
Combine uncompensated contours: Bit 2 = 1
Rough out to each pocket depth: Bit 3 = 0
Mill pocket and rough-out for each infeed depth before continuing to the
next depth: Bit 3 = 1

The following applies to Cycles 6, 15, 16, 21, 22, 23, and 24:
At the end of the cycle, move the tool to the position that was last
programmed before the cycle call: Bit 4 = 0
At the end of the cycle, retract the tool in the spindle axis only: Bit 4 = 1

Cycle 4 POCKET MILLING and Cycle 5 MP7430

CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING: Overlap factor 0.1 to 1.414

Permissible deviation of circle radius MP7431

between circle end point and circle starting 0.0001 to 0.016 [mm]
point

Limit switch tolerance for M140 and M150 MP7432

Function inactive: 0
Tolerance for the distance by which the software limit switch may be
exceeded with M140/M150: 0.0001 to 1.0000

Operation of various miscellaneous MP7440

functions M Program stop with M6: Bit 0 = 0
No program stop with M6: Bit 0 = 1
Note: No cycle call with M89: Bit 1 = 0
The kV factors for position loop gain are set by Cycle call with M89: Bit 1 = 1
the machine tool builder. Refer to your machine Program stop with M functions: Bit 2 = 0
manual. No program stop with M functions: Bit 2 = 1
kV factors cannot be switched through M105 and M106: Bit 3 = 0
kV factors can be switched through M105 and M106: Bit 3 = 1
Reduce the feed rate in the tool axis with M103 F..
Function inactive: Bit 4 = 0
Reduce the feed rate in the tool axis with M103 F..
Function active: Bit 4 = 1
Reserved: Bit 5
Exact stop for positioning with rotary axes inactive: Bit 6 = 0
Exact stop for positioning with rotary axes active: Bit 6 = 1

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 719

18.1 General user parameters

Machining and program run

Error message during cycle call MP7441
Display error message if M3/M4 not active: Bit 0 = 0
Suppress error message if M3/M4 not active: Bit 0 = 1
Reserved: Bit 1
Suppress error message if positive depth programmed: Bit 2 = 0
Display error message if positive depth programmed: Bit 2 = 1

M function for spindle orientation in the MP7442

fixed cycles Function inactive: 0
Orientation directly through the NC: -1
M function for orienting the spindle: 1 to 999

Maximum contouring speed at feed rate MP7470

override setting of 100% in the Program Run 0 to 99 999 [mm/min]
modes

Feed rate for rotary-axis compensation MP7471

movements 0 to 99 999 [mm/min]

Compatibility machine parameters for MP7475

datum tables Datum shifts are referenced to the workpiece datum: 0
If the value 1 was entered in older TNC controls or in controls with
software 340420-xx, datum shifts were referenced to the machine datum.
This function is no longer available. You must now use the preset table
instead of datum tables referenced to REF (see "Management of presets
with the preset table" on page 588).

Time to be added when calculating the tool MP7485

usage time 0 to 100 [%]

720 Tables and Overviews

 18.2 Pin layouts and connecting cables for the data interfaces
18.2 Pin layouts and connecting
cables for the data interfaces
RS-232-C/V.24 interface for HEIDENHAIN
devices

The interface complies with the requirements of

EN 50 178 for “low voltage electrical separation.”
Please note that pins 6 and 8 of the connecting cable
274545 are bridged.

When using the 25-pin adapter block:

Adapter block
TNC Conn. cable 365725-xx Connecting cable 274545-xx
310085-01
Male Assignment Female Color Female Male Female Male Color Female
1 Do not use 1 1 1 1 1 White/Brown 1
2 RXD 2 Yellow 3 3 3 3 Yellow 2
3 TXD 3 Green 2 2 2 2 Green 3
4 DTR 4 Brown 20 20 20 20 Brown 8
5 Signal GND 5 Red 7 7 7 7 Red 7
6 DSR 6 Blue 6 6 6 6 6
7 RTS 7 Gray 4 4 4 4 Gray 5
8 CTS 8 Pink 5 5 5 5 Pink 4
9 Do not use 9 8 Violet 20
Hsg. External shield Hsg. External shield Hsg. Hsg. Hsg. Hsg. External shield Hsg.

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 721

18.2 Pin layouts and connecting cables for the data interfaces

When using the 9-pin adapter block:

Adapter block
TNC Connecting cable 355484-xx Connecting cable 366964-xx
363987-02
Male Assignment Female Color Male Female Male Female Color Female
1 Do not use 1 Red 1 1 1 1 Red 1
2 RXD 2 Yellow 2 2 2 2 Yellow 3
3 TXD 3 White 3 3 3 3 White 2
4 DTR 4 Brown 4 4 4 4 Brown 6
5 Signal GND 5 Black 5 5 5 5 Black 5
6 DSR 6 Violet 6 6 6 6 Violet 4
7 RTS 7 Gray 7 7 7 7 Gray 8
8 CTS 8 White/Green 8 8 8 8 White/Green 7
9 Do not use 9 Green 9 9 9 9 Green 9
Hsg. External shield Hsg. External shield Hsg. Hsg. Hsg. Hsg. External shield Hsg.

Non-HEIDENHAIN devices
The connector layout of a non-HEIDENHAIN device may substantially
differ from that of a HEIDENHAIN device.
It depends on the unit and the type of data transfer. The table below
shows the connector pin layout on the adapter block.

Adapter block 363987-02 Connecting cable 366964-xx

Female Male Female Color Female
1 1 1 Red 1
2 2 2 Yellow 3
3 3 3 White 2
4 4 4 Brown 6
5 5 5 Black 5
6 6 6 Violet 4
7 7 7 Gray 8
8 8 8 White/Green 7
9 9 9 Green 9
Hsg. Hsg. Hsg. External Hsg.
shield

722 Tables and Overviews

 18.2 Pin layouts and connecting cables for the data interfaces
RS-422/V.11 Interface
Only non-HEIDENHAIN devices are connected to the RS-422
interface.

The interface complies with the requirements of

EN 50 178 for “low voltage electrical separation.”
The pin layouts on the TNC logic unit (X28) and on the
adapter block are identical.

Adapter block
TNC Connecting cable 355484-xx
363987-01
Female Assignment Male Color Female Male Female
1 RTS 1 Red 1 1 1
2 DTR 2 Yellow 2 2 2
3 RXD 3 White 3 3 3
4 TXD 4 Brown 4 4 4
5 Signal GND 5 Black 5 5 5
6 CTS 6 Violet 6 6 6
7 DSR 7 Gray 7 7 7
8 RXD 8 White/Green 8 8 8
9 TXD 9 Green 9 9 9
Hsg. External shield Hsg. External shield Hsg. Hsg. Hsg.

Ethernet interface RJ45 socket

Maximum cable length:
 Unshielded: 100 m
 Shielded: 400 m
Pin Signal Description
1 TX+ Transmit Data

2 TX- Transmit Data

3 REC+ Receive Data

4 Vacant

5 Vacant

6 REC– Receive Data

7 Vacant

8 Vacant

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 723

18.3 Technical information

18.3 Technical information

Explanation of symbols
 Default
Axis option
Software option 1
 Software option 2

User functions
Short description  Basic version: 3 axes plus spindle
16 additional axes or 15 additional axes plus 2nd Spindle
 Digital current and shaft speed control

Program entry HEIDENHAIN conversational format, with smarT.NC and as per ISO

Position data  Nominal positions for lines and arcs in Cartesian coordinates or polar coordinates
 Incremental or absolute dimensions
 Display and entry in mm or inches
 Display of the handwheel path during machining with handwheel superimpositioning

Tool compensation  Tool radius in the working plane and tool length
 Radius compensated contour look ahead for up to 99 blocks (M120)
 Three-dimensional tool-radius compensation for subsequent changing of tool data
without having to recalculate the program

Tool tables Multiple tool tables with up to 30 000 tools

Cutting-data tables Cutting data tables for automatic calculation of spindle speeds and feed rates from tool-
specific data ?(cutting speed, feed per tooth)

Constant contour speed  With respect to the path of the tool center
 With respect to the cutting edge

Parallel operation Creating a program with graphical support while another program is being run

3-D machining (software  3-D tool compensation through surface normal vectors
option 2)  Using the electronic handwheel to change the angle of the swivel head during program
run without affecting the position of the tool point (TCPM = Tool Center Point
Management)
 Keeping the tool normal to the contour
 Tool radius compensation normal to the direction of traverse and the tool direction
 Spline interpolation

Rotary-table machining Programming of cylindrical contours as if in two axes

(software option 1) Feed rate in distance per minute

724 Tables and Overviews

 18.3 Technical information
User functions
Contour elements  Straight line
 Chamfer
 Circular path
 Circle center
 Circle radius
 Tangentially connected arc
 Corner rounding

Approaching and departing  Via straight line: tangential or perpendicular

the contour  Via circular arc

FK free contour programming  FK free contour programming in HEIDENHAIN conversational format with graphic
support for workpiece drawings not dimensioned for NC

Program jumps  Subprograms

 Program section repeats
 Any desired program as subprogram

Fixed cycles  Drilling cycles for drilling, pecking, reaming, boring, tapping with a floating tap holder,
rigid tapping
 Cycles for milling internal and external threads
 Milling and finishing rectangular and circular pockets
 Cycles for clearing level and inclined surfaces
 Cycles for milling linear and circular slots
 Cartesian and polar point patterns
 Contour pockets—also with contour-parallel machining
 Contour train
 OEM cycles (special cycles developed by the machine tool builder) can also be
integrated

Coordinate transformation  Datum shift, rotation, mirroring

 Scaling factor (axis-specific)
Tilting the working plane (software option 1)

Q parameters  Mathematical functions =, +, –, *, /, sin α , cos α

Programming with variables  Logical comparisons (=, =/, <, >)
 Calculating with parentheses
 tan α , arcus sin, arcus cos, arcus tan, an, en, ln, log, absolute value of a number, the
constant π, negation, truncation of digits before or after the decimal point
 Functions for calculation of circles
 String parameters

Programming aids  Calculator

 Context-sensitive help function for error messages
 The context-sensitive help system TNCguide (FCL 3 function)
 Graphic support for the programming of cycles
 Comment blocks in the NC program

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 725

18.3 Technical information

User functions
Teach-In  Actual positions can be transferred directly into the NC program

Program verification graphics Graphic simulation before program run, even while another program is being run
Display modes
 Plan view / projection in 3 planes / 3-D view
 Magnification of details

Programming graphics  In the Programming and Editing mode, the contours of the NC blocks are drawn on
screen while they are being entered (2-D pencil-trace graphics), even while another
program is running

Program Run graphics  Graphic simulation of real-time machining in plan view / projection in 3 planes / 3-D
Display modes view

Machining time  Calculating the machining time in the Test Run mode of operation
 Display of the current machining time in the Program Run modes

Contour, returning to  Mid-program startup in any block in the program, returning the tool to the calculated
nominal position to continue machining
 Program interruption, contour departure and return

Datum tables  Multiple datum tables

Pallet tables  Pallet tables (with as many entries as desired for the selection of pallets, NC programs
and datums) can be machined workpiece by workpiece or tool by tool

Touch probe cycles  Calibrating the touch probe

 Compensation of workpiece misalignment, manual or automatic
 Datum setting, manual or automatic
 Automatically measuring workpieces
 Cycles for automatic tool measurement
 Cycles for automatic kinematics measurement

Specifications
Components  Main computer: MC 74xx or MC 75xx, MC 6441, MC 65xx or MC 66xx
 Controller unit: CC 6106, 6108 or 6110
 Remote keypad
 15.1-inch or 19-inch TFT color flat-panel display with soft keys
 IPC 6341 Industrial PC with Windows 7 (option)

Program memory At least 21 GB, depending on the main computer 130 GB

Input resolution and display  As fine as 0.1 µm for linear axes

step  As fine as 0.000 1° for rotary axes

Input range  Maximum 99 999.999 mm (3.937 inches) or 99 999.999°

726 Tables and Overviews

 18.3 Technical information
Specifications
Interpolation  Linear in 4 axes
Linear in 5 axes (subject to export permit) (software option 1)
 Circular in 2 axes
Circular in 3 axes with tilted working plane (software option 1)
 Helix:
Superimpositioning of circular and straight paths
 Spline:
Execution of splines (3rd degree polynomials)

Block processing time  0.5 ms

3-D straight line without radius
compensation

Axis feedback control  Position loop resolution: Signal period of the position encoder/1024
 Cycle time of position controller: 1.8 ms
 Speed controller cycle time: 600 µs
 Cycle time of current controller: minimum 100 µs

Range of traverse  Maximum 100 m (3937 inches)

Spindle speed  Maximum 40 000 rpm (with 2 pole pairs)

Error compensation  Linear and nonlinear axis error, backlash, reversal peaks during circular movements,
thermal expansion
 Static friction

Data interfaces  One each RS-232-C /V.24 and RS-422 / V.11 max. 115 kilobaud
 Expanded interface with LSV-2 protocol for external operation of the TNC over the
interface with HEIDENHAIN software TNCremo
 Ethernet interface 100BaseT
Approx. 2 to 5 megabaud (depending on file type and network load)
 USB 2.0 interface
For pointing (mouse) devices and block devices (memory sticks, hard disks, CD-ROM
drives)

Ambient temperature  Operation:0 °C to +45°C

 Storage: -30°C to +70°C

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 727

18.3 Technical information

Accessories
Electronic handwheels  One HR 550 FS portable wireless handwheel with display or
 One HR 520 portable handwheel with display, or
 One HR 420 portable handwheel with display, or
 One HR 410 portable handwheel, or
 One HR 130 panel-mounted handwheel, or
 Up to three HR 150 panel-mounted handwheels via HRA 110 handwheel adapter

Touch probes  TS 220: Touch trigger probe with cable connection or

 TS 440: Touch trigger probe with infrared transmission
 TS 444: Battery-free touch trigger probe with infrared transmission
 TS 640: Touch trigger probe with infrared transmission
 TS 740: High-precision touch trigger probe with infrared transmission
 TT 140: Touch trigger probe for tool measurement

728 Tables and Overviews

 18.3 Technical information
Software option 1
Rotary table machining Programming of cylindrical contours as if in two axes
Feed rate in distance per minute

Coordinate transformation Tilting the working plane

Interpolation Circular in 3 axes with tilted working plane

Software option 2
3-D machining  3-D tool compensation through surface normal vectors
 Using the electronic handwheel to change the angle of the swivel head during program
run without affecting the position of the tool point (TCPM = Tool Center Point
Management)
 Keeping the tool normal to the contour
 Tool radius compensation normal to the direction of traverse and the tool direction
 Spline interpolation

Interpolation  Linear in 5 axes (subject to export permit)

DXF converter software option

Extracting contour programs  Supported DXF format: AC1009 (AutoCAD R12)
and machining positions from  For plain-language and smarT.NC
DXF data and from
conversational programs  Simple and convenient specification of reference points
 Select graphical features of contour sections from conversational programs

Dynamic collision monitoring (DCM) software option

Collision monitoring in all  The machine manufacturer defines objects to be monitored
machine operating modes  Fixture monitoring is also possible
 Three warning levels in manual operation
 Program interrupt during automatic operation
 Includes monitoring of 5-axis movements
 Test run to check for possible collisions before machining

Global Program Settings software option

Function for superimposing  Swapping axes
coordinate transformations in  Superimposed datum shift
the Program Run modes
 Superimposed mirroring
 Axis locking
 Handwheel superimposition
 Superimposed basic rotation and datum-based rotation
 Feed rate factor

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 729

18.3 Technical information

Adaptive Feed Control (AFC) software option

Function for adaptive feed-  Recording the actual spindle power by means of a teach-in cut
rate control for optimizing the  Defining the limits of automatic feed rate control
machining conditions during
series production  Fully automatic feed control during program run

KinematicsOpt software option

Touch-probe cycles for  Backup/restore active kinematics
automatic testing and  Test active kinematics
optimization of the machine
kinematics  Optimize active kinematics

3D-ToolComp software option

3-D tool radius compensation  Compensate the delta radius of the tool depending on the tool’s contact angle at the
depending on the tool’s workpiece
contact angle  Prerequisite: LN blocks
 Compensation values can be defined in a separate table

Expanded Tool Management software option

Tool management that can be  Mixed display of data from tool and pocket tables
changed by the machine  Form-based editing of tool data
manufacturer using Python
scripts  Tool usage and sequence list: component location diagram

Interpolation turning software option

Interpolation turning  Finishing of rotation-symmetrical shoulders through interpolation of the spindle with
the axes of the working plane

CAD Viewer software option

Opening of 3-D models on the  Open IGES files
control  Open STEP files

Remote Desktop Manager software option

Remote operation of external  Windows on a separate computer unit
computer units (e.g. a  Incorporated in the TNC interface
Windows PC) via the user
interface of the TNC

Cross Talk Compensation software option (CTC)

Compensation of axis  Determination of dynamically caused position deviation through axis acceleration
couplings  Compensation of the TCP

730 Tables and Overviews

 18.3 Technical information
Position Adaptive Control (PAC) software option
Changing control parameters  Changing of the control parameters depending on the position of the axes in the
working space
 Changing of the control parameters depending on the speed or acceleration of an axis

Load Adaptive Control (LAC) software option

Dynamic changing of control  Automatic determination of workpiece weight and frictional forces
parameters  Continuous adaptation of the parameters of the adaptive precontrolling to the actual
mass of the workpiece during machining

Active Chatter Control (ACC) software option

Function for chatter control  Control function that significantly reduces the chatter tendency during power milling
 Protection of the machine's mechanical elements
 Improvement of workpiece surface quality
 Reduction of the machining time

FCL 2 upgrade functions

Enabling of significant  Virtual tool axis
improvements  Touch probe cycle 441, Rapid Probing
 Offline CAD point filter
 3-D line graphics
 Contour pocket: Assign a separate depth to each subcontour
 smarT.NC: Coordinate transformation
 smarT.NC: PLANE function
 smarT.NC: Graphically supported block scan
 Expanded USB functionality
 Network attachment via DHCP and DNS

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 731

18.3 Technical information

FCL 3 upgrade functions

Enabling of significant  Touch probe cycle for 3-D probing
improvements  Touch Probe Cycles 408 and 409 (Units 408 and 409 in smarT.NC) for setting a
reference point in the center of a slot or a ridge
 PLANE function: Axis angle input
 User documentation as context-sensitive help right on the TNC
 Feed-rate reduction for the machining of contour pockets with the tool being in full
contact with the workpiece
 smarT.NC: Contour pocket on pattern
 smarT.NC: Parallel programming is possible
 smarT.NC: Preview of contour programs in the file manager
 smarT.NC: Positioning strategy for machining point patterns

FCL 4 upgrade functions

Enabling of significant  Graphical depiction of the protected space when DCM collision monitoring is active
improvements  Handwheel superimposition in stopped condition when DCM collision monitoring is
active
 3-D basic rotation (set-up compensation, must be adapted by the machine tool builder)

732 Tables and Overviews

 18.3 Technical information
Input format and unit of TNC functions
Positions, coordinates, circle radii, chamfer -99999.9999 to +99999.9999
lengths (5.4: places before and after the decimal point) [mm]

Circle radii –99 999.9999 to +99 999.9999 if values are entered directly, radii up to
210 m possible via Q parameter programming
(5.4: places before and after the decimal point) [mm]

Tool numbers 0 to 32 767.9 (5, 1)

Tool names 32 characters, enclosed by quotation marks with TOOL CALL. Permitted
special characters: #, $, %, &, -

Delta values for tool compensation –999.9999 to +999.9999 (3, 4) [mm]

Spindle speeds 0 to 99 999.999 (5, 3) [rpm]

Feed rates 0 to 99 999.999 (5.3) [mm/min] or [mm/tooth] or [mm/rev]

Dwell time in Cycle 9 0 to 3600.000 (4, 3) [s]

Thread pitch in various cycles –99.9999 to +99.9999 (2.4) [mm]

Angle of spindle orientation 0 to 360.0000 (3.4) [°]

Angle for polar coordinates, rotation, tilting –360.0000 to 360.0000 (3, 4) [°]
the working plane

Polar coordinate angle for helical –99 999.9999 to +99 999.9999 (5.4) [°]
interpolation (CP)

Datum numbers in Cycle 7 0 to 2999 (4, 0)

Scaling factor in Cycles 11 and 26 0.000001 to 99.999999 (2, 6)

Miscellaneous functions M 0 to 999 (3, 0)

Q parameter numbers 0 to 1999 (4, 0)

Q parameter values –999 999 999 to +999 999 999 (9 digits, floating point)

Labels (LBL) for program jumps 0 to 999 (3, 0)

Labels (LBL) for program jumps Any text string in quotes (“”)

Number of program section repeats REP 1 to 65 534 (5, 0)

Error number for Q parameter function FN14 0 to 1099 (4, 0)

Spline parameter K –9.9999999 to +9.9999999 (1.7)

Exponent for spline parameter -255 to 255 (3, 0)

Surface-normal vectors N and T with 3-D –9.9999999 to +9.9999999 (1.7)

compensation

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 733

18.4 Exchanging the buffer battery

18.4 Exchanging the buffer battery

A buffer battery supplies the TNC with current to prevent the data in
RAM memory from being lost when the TNC is switched off.
If the TNC displays the error message Exchange buffer battery, then
you must replace the battery:

Caution: Danger of life!

To exchange the buffer battery, first switch off the TNC.
The buffer battery must be exchanged only by trained
service personnel.

Battery type:1 lithium battery, type CR 2450N (Renata), ID 315878-01

1 The backup battery is at the back of the MC 422 D
2 Exchange the battery. The battery contact accepts a new battery
only in the correct orientation

734 Tables and Overviews

Overview tables
Fixed cycles
Cycle DEF CALL
Cycle designation
number active active
7 Datum shift 

8 Mirroring 

9 Dwell time 

10 Rotation 

11 Scaling factor 

12 Program call 

13 Oriented spindle stop 

14 Contour definition 

19 Tilting the working plane 

20 Contour data SL II 

21 Pilot drilling SL II 

22 Rough out SL II 

23 Floor finishing SL II 

24 Side finishing SL II 

25 Contour train 

26 Axis-specific scaling 

27 Cylinder surface 

28 Cylindrical surface slot 

29 Cylinder surface ridge 

30 Run 3-D data 

32 Tolerance 

39 Cylinder surface external contour 

200 Drilling 

201 Reaming 

202 Boring 

203 Universal drilling 

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 735

Cycle DEF CALL
Cycle designation
number active active
204 Back boring 

205 Universal pecking 

206 Tapping with a floating tap holder, new 

207 Rigid tapping, new 

208 Bore milling 

209 Tapping with chip breaking 

220 Polar pattern 

221 Cartesian pattern 

230 Multipass milling 

231 Ruled surface 

232 Face milling 

240 Centering 

241 Single-lip deep-hole drilling 

247 Datum setting 

251 Rectangular pocket (complete machining) 

252 Circular pocket (complete machining) 

253 Slot milling 

254 Circular slot 

256 Rectangular stud (complete machining) 

257 Circular stud (complete machining) 

262 Thread milling 

263 Thread milling/countersinking 

264 Thread drilling/milling 

265 Helical thread drilling/milling 

267 Outside thread milling 

270 Contour train data 

275 Trochoidal slot 

736
Miscellaneous functions
M Effect Effective at block Start End Page
M0 Program run STOP/Spindle STOP if necessary/Coolant OFF if necessary  Page 379

M1 Optional program STOP/Spindle STOP/Coolant OFF (machine-dependent)  Page 660

M2 Program run STOP/Spindle STOP/Coolant OFF/Clear status display  Page 379

(depending on machine parameter)/Go to block 1

M3 Spindle ON clockwise  Page 379

M4 Spindle ON counterclockwise 
M5 Spindle STOP 

M6 Tool change/Stop program run (depending on machine parameter)/Spindle STOP  Page 379

M8 Coolant ON  Page 379

M9 Coolant OFF 

M13 Spindle ON clockwise/Coolant ON  Page 379

M14 Spindle ON counterclockwise/Coolant ON 

M30 Same function as M2  Page 379

M89 Vacant miscellaneous function or  Cycles

Cycle call, modally effective (depending on machine parameter)  Manual

M90 Only in following error mode: Constant contouring speed at corners  Page 383

M91 Within the positioning block: Coordinates are referenced to machine datum  Page 380

M92 Within the positioning block: Coordinates are referenced to position defined by  Page 380
machine tool builder, such as tool change position

M94 Reduce the rotary axis display to a value below 360°  Page 521

M97 Machine small contour steps  Page 385

M98 Machine open contours completely  Page 387

M99 Blockwise cycle call  Cycles

Manual

M101 Automatic tool change with replacement tool if maximum tool life has expired  Page 200
M102 Reset M101 

M103 Reduce feed rate during plunging to factor F (percentage)  Page 388

M104 Reactivate the datum as last defined  Page 382

M105 Machining with second kv factor  Page 704

M106 Machining with first kv factor 

M107 Suppress error message for replacement tools with oversize  Page 200
M108 Reset M107 

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 737

M Effect Effective at block Start End Page
M109 Constant contouring speed at tool cutting edge  Page 390
(increase and decrease feed rate)
M110 Constant contouring speed at tool cutting edge 
(feed rate decrease only)
M111 Reset M109/M110 

M114 Automatic compensation of machine geometry when working with tilted axes  Page 522
M115 Reset M114 

M116 Feed rate for rotary axes in mm/min  Page 519

M117 Reset M116 

M118 Superimpose handwheel positioning during program run  Page 393

M120 Pre-calculate radius-compensated contour (LOOK AHEAD)  Page 391

M124 Do not include points when executing non-compensated line blocks  Page 384

M126 Shortest-path traverse of rotary axes  Page 520

M127 Reset M126 

M128 Retain position of tool tip when positioning tilting axes (TCPM)  Page 524
M129 Reset M128 

M130 Moving to position in an untilted coordinate system with a tilted working plane  Page 382

M134 Exact stop at nontangential contour transitions when positioning with rotary axes  Page 527
M135 Reset M134 

M136 Feed rate F in millimeters per spindle revolution  Page 389

M137 Reset M136 

M138 Selection of tilted axes  Page 527

M140 Retraction from the contour in the tool-axis direction  Page 394

M141 Suppress touch probe monitoring  Page 395

M142 Delete modal program information  Page 396

M143 Delete basic rotation  Page 396

M144 Compensate the machine's kinematics configuration for ACTUAL/NOMINAL positions  Page 528
at end of block
M145 Reset M144 

M148 Retract the tool automatically from the contour at NC stop  Page 397
M149 Reset M148 

M150 Suppress limit switch message (function effective blockwise)  Page 398

M200 Laser cutting: Output programmed voltage directly  Page 399

M201 Laser cutting: Output of voltage as a function of distance 
M202 Laser cutting: Output of voltage as a function of speed 
M203 Laser cutting: Output of voltage as a function of time (ramp) 
M204 Laser cutting: Output voltage as a function of time (pulse) 

738
 Index
SYMBOLE C D
3-D compensation ... 529 CAD data, filtering ... 455 Datum table
Delta values ... 531 Calculating with parentheses ... 349 Confirming probed values ... 597
Delta values via DR2TABLE ... 536 Calculator ... 159 Datum, setting the ... ... 106
Depending on the contact CAM programming ... 529 DCM ... 406
angle ... 536 Chamfer ... 235 Depart the contour ... 225
Face milling ... 532 Chatter control ... 451 Dependent files ... 680
Normalized vector ... 530 Circle calculations ... 323 Dialog ... 111
Peripheral milling ... 534 Circle center ... 237 Directory ... 124, 132
Tool orientation ... 532 Circular path ... 238, 239, 241, 248, 249 Copying ... 136
Tool shapes ... 531 Code numbers ... 665 Creating ... 132
3-D touch probes Collision monitoring ... 406 Deleting ... 137
calibrating Comments, adding ... 156 DR2TABLE ... 536
touch trigger probe ... 599 Compensating workpiece misalignment DXF data, processing ... 274
Managing more than one block of By measuring two points of a Dynamic collision monitoring ... 406
calibration data ... 601 line ... 602 Test Run ... 411
3-D view ... 634 From two holes ... 603, 612 tool carriers ... 192
Over two studs ... 606, 612
A Constant contouring speed M90 ... 383 E
ACC ... 451 Context-sensitive help ... 170 Ellipse ... 370
Accessories ... 98 Contour approach ... 225 Enter the spindle speed ... 197
Actual position capture ... 113 with polar coordinates ... 227 Error list ... 166
Adaptive Feed Control ... 440 Contour departure Error messages ... 165, 166
Adaptive Feed Control (AFC) ... 440 with polar coordinates ... 227 Help ... 165
Additional axes ... 103 Contour, returning to ... 657 Ethernet interface
Animation, PLANE function ... 491 Contour, selecting from DXF ... 280 Configuring ... 671
Archive files ... 144, 145 Conversational Programming ... 111 Connection possibilities ... 671
ASCII files ... 464 Converting Introduction ... 671
Automatic cutting data FK programs ... 257 Network drives, connecting and
calculation ... 188, 469 Generating a backward disconnecting ... 153
Automatic program start ... 658 program ... 452 Excel files, opening ... 147
Automatic tool measurement ... 186 Converting FK programs ... 257 Exchange buffer battery ... 734
Axis positions, checking the ... ... 583 Coordinate transformation ... 457 External access ... 696
Copying program sections ... 118 External data transfer
B Corner rounding ... 236 iTNC 530 ... 151
Backward program, generating ... 452 Cutting data calculation ... 469
Basic rotation Cutting-data table ... 469
Measuring in the Manual Operation Cylinder ... 372
mode ... 604, 606, 607
Baud rate, setting the ... 667 D
Block Data backup ... 123
Deleting ... 115 Data carrier, checking ... 693
Inserting, editing ... 115 Data interface
Blocks assigning ... 668
BMP files, opening ... 150 Pin layouts ... 721
setting ... 667
Data transfer rate ... 667
Data transfer software ... 669
Datum shift ... 457
Coordinate input ... 457
Resetting ... 459
Using the datum table ... 458

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 739

Index

F F G
FCL ... 664 FixtureWizard ... 413, 423 GIF files, opening ... 150
FCL function ... 10 FK programming ... 254 Global program settings ... 425
Feature Content Level ... 10 Circular paths ... 260 GOTO during program
Feed control, automatic ... 440 Fundamentals ... 254 interruption ... 649
Feed rate ... 579 Graphics ... 256 Graphic selection of contour
Changing ... 580 Input options sections ... 290
for rotary axes, M116 ... 519 Auxiliary points ... 264 Graphic simulation ... 638
Input possibilities ... 112 Circle data ... 262 Tool display ... 638
Feed rate factor for plunging Closed contours ... 263 Graphics
movements M103 ... 388 Direction and length of contour Display modes ... 632
Feed rate in millimeters per spindle elements ... 261 Magnifying details ... 637
revolution M136 ... 389 End points ... 260 while programming ... 160, 162
File Relative data ... 265 detail magnification ... 161
Creating ... 132 Straight lines ... 259 Graphics files, opening ... 150
File management ... 124 FK programs
Converting to conversational H
Copying files ... 133 dialog ... 257 Handwheel ... 569
Deleting files ... 137 FN14: ERROR: Display error Handwheel positioning, superimposing
Protecting files ... 141 messages ... 328 M118 ... 393
Renaming files ... 140 FN15: PRINT: Unformatted output of Hard disk ... 121
Calling ... 127 texts ... 332 Hard disk, checking ... 693
Configuring via MOD ... 679 FN16: F-PRINT: Formatted output of Helical ... 250
Copying tables ... 135 texts ... 333 Helical interpolation ... 250
Dependent files ... 680 FN18: SYSREAD: Read system Help files, displaying ... 691
Directories ... 124 data ... 338 Help files, downloading ... 175
Copying ... 136 FN19: PLC: Transfer values to the Help system ... 170
Creating ... 132 PLC ... 346 Help with error messages ... 165
External data transfer ... 151 FN20: WAIT FOR: NC and PLC Host computer operation ... 698
File synchronization ... 347 HTML files, displaying ... 147
Creating ... 132 FN23: CIRCLE DATA: Calculating a
File name ... 122 circle from 3 points ... 323 I
File selection ... 129 FN24: CIRCLE DATA: Calculating a IGES files ... 292
File type ... 121 circle from 4 points ... 323 Inclined-tool machining in a tilted
external file types ... 123 FN26: TABOPEN: Opening a freely plane ... 512
Overview of functions ... 125 definable table ... 478 Indexed tools ... 190
Overwriting files ... 134 FN27: TABWRITE: Writing to a freely Information on formats ... 733
Shortcuts ... 143 definable table ... 479 INI files, opening ... 149
Tagging files ... 138 FN28: TABREAD: Reading a freely Internet files, displaying ... 147
File status ... 128 definable table ... 480 iTNC 530 ... 78
Filter for hole positions during DXF data Form view ... 477
transfer ... 288 FS, functional safety ... 581 J
Fixture monitoring ... 412 FSELECT ... 256 JPG files, opening ... 150
Fixture placement ... 415 Full circle ... 238
Fixture position, checking ... 417 Functional safety (FS) ... 581 L
Fixture templates ... 413, 422 Fundamentals ... 102 Laser cutting machines, miscellaneous
Fixtures, deactivating ... 421 FX programming functions ... 399
Fixtures, editing ... 416 Dialog initiation ... 258 L-block generation ... 688
Fixtures, loading ... 420, 421 Limit plane ... 436
Fixtures, managing ... 419 List of error messages ... 166
Fixtures, removing ... 416 Local Q parameters, defining ... 317
Fixtures, saving ... 420 Look-ahead ... 391

740
 Index
M O P
M functions Open contour corners M98 ... 387 PLANE function ... 489
Operating modes ... 82 Animation ... 491
See Miscellaneous functions Operating panel ... 81 Automatic positioning ... 506
M91, M92 ... 380 Operating times ... 692 Axis angle definition ... 504
Machine axes, moving the … ... 567 Option number ... 664 Euler angle definition ... 497
Machine parameters Output of data to the server ... 337 Inclined milling ... 512
for 3-D touch probes ... 705 Incremental definition ... 503
for external data transfer ... 705 P Point definition ... 501
for machining and program Pallet datum ... 547 Positioning behavior ... 506
run ... 719 Pallet preset ... 547 Projection angle definition ... 495
for TNC displays and TNC Pallet table Resetting ... 492
editor ... 709 Application ... 544, 550 Selection of possible
Machining time, measuring the ... 639 Entering coordinates ... 545, 551 solutions ... 509
Machining, interrupting ... 649 Executing ... 549, 561 Spatial angle definition ... 493
Mid-program startup ... 653 Selecting and exiting ... 546, 555 Vector definition ... 499
After power failure ... 653 Parametric programming PLC and NC synchronization ... 347
Miscellaneous functions PNG files, opening ... 150
Entering ... 378 See Q parameter programming Pocket table ... 194
for contouring behavior ... 383 Part families ... 318 Polar coordinates
for coordinate data ... 380 Path ... 124 Approach/depart contour ... 227
for laser cutting machines ... 399 Path Contours Fundamentals ... 104
for program run ... 379 Polar coordinates Programing ... 246
for rotary axes ... 519 Path contours Positioning
for spindle and coolant ... 379 Cartesian coordinates with a tilted working plane ... 382,
MOD function Circular path around circle center 528
Exiting ... 662 CC ... 238 with Manual Data Input ... 624
Overview ... 663 Circular path with defined Positions, selecting from DXF ... 283
Select ... 662 radius ... 239 Preset table ... 588
Monitoring Circular path with tangential Confirming probed values ... 598
Collision ... 406 connection ... 241 For pallets ... 547
Moving the axes overview ... 233 Presets, managing ... 588
incrementally ... 568 Straight line ... 234 Presetting ... 586
with machine axis direction Polar coordinates without 3-D touch probe ... 586
buttons ... 567 Circular path around circle center Presetting, manually
with the handwheel ... 569 CC ... 248 Center line as preset ... 611
Multiaxis machining ... 514 Circular path with tangential Circle center as preset ... 610
connection ... 249 Corner as preset ... 609
N Overview ... 246 In any axis ... 608
NC and PLC synchronization ... 347 Straight line ... 247 using holes/circular studs ... 612
NC error messages ... 165, 166 Path functions Principal axes ... 103
Nesting ... 302 Fundamentals ... 220 Probed values, writing to datum
Network connection ... 153 Circles and circular arcs ... 222 tables ... 597
Network settings ... 671 Pre-positioning ... 223 Probed values, writing to preset
Nonvolatile Q parameters, PDF viewer ... 146 table ... 598
defining ... 317 Pin layouts for data interfaces ... 721 Probing cycles
Normal vector ... 499, 513, 529, 530 Plan view ... 632 See "Touch Probe Cycles" User's
Manual

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 741

Index

P Q S
Processing DXF data Q parameter programming ... 314, 353 Status display ... 85
Basic settings ... 276 Q parameters Additional ... 87
Filter for hole positions ... 288 Checking ... 326 General ... 85
Selecting a contour ... 280 Formatted output ... 333 STEP files ... 292
Selecting hole positions Local QL parameters ... 314 Straight line ... 234, 247
Diameter entry ... 286 Nonvolatile QR parameters ... 314 String param. ... 353
Mouseover ... 285 Preassigned ... 364 Structuring programs ... 158
Single selection ... 284 Transfer values to the PLC ... 346 Subprogram ... 297
Selecting machining Unformatted output ... 332 Superimposed transformations ... 425
positions ... 283 Q-parameter programming Swapping axes ... 431
Setting layers ... 277 Additional functions ... 327 Switch-off ... 566
Setting the datum ... 278 Angle functions ... 321 Switch-on ... 564
Program Basic arithmetic functions ... 319 System time, reading the ... ... 358
editing ... 114 Circle calculations ... 323 System time, setting ... 694
Open new ... 109 If-then decisions ... 324
Setup ... 107 Programming notes ... 316, 355, T
structuring ... 158 356, 357, 361, 363 T vector ... 530
Program call TCPM ... 514
Any desired program as R Resetting ... 518
subprogram ... 300 Radius Compensation ... 215 Teach in ... 113, 234
Program defaults ... 403 Radius compensation Teach-in cut ... 443
Program jumps with GOTO ... 649 input ... 217 TeleService ... 695
Program management outside corners, inside Test Run
see File management corners ... 218 Overview ... 640
Program name Rapid traverse ... 178 Speed setting ... 631
see File management, File name Reference system ... 103 up to a certain block ... 644
Program Run Replacing texts ... 120 Test run
Block skip ... 659 Retraction from the contour ... 394 Executing ... 643
Executing ... 648 Rotary axes Text file
Global program settings ... 425 Reducing display M94 ... 521 Text files
Interrupting ... 649 Shorter-path traverse: M126 ... 520 Finding text sections ... 468
Mid-program startup ... 653 Rotary axis Functions for deleting ... 466
Overview ... 647 Functions for editing ... 465
Resuming after an S Opening and exiting ... 464
interruption ... 652 Screen layout ... 80 Text files, opening ... 149
Program run Screen output of data ... 337 Text variables ... 353
Program section repeats ... 299 Search function ... 119 Tilting and swivel axes ... 522, 524
Program sections, copying ... 118 Service pack, installing a ... ... 666 Tilting the working plane ... 489, 617
Programming aids ... 405 Software number ... 664 Time zone, setting the... ... 694
Programming graphics ... 256 Software options ... 729 TNC software, updating the ... ... 666
Projection in three planes ... 633 Software update ... 666 TNCguide ... 170
SPEC FCT ... 402 TNCremo ... 669
Special functions ... 402 TNCremoNT ... 669
Specifications ... 724 Tool breakage, monitoring for ... ... 450
Sphere ... 374 Tool change ... 199
Spindle load monitoring ... 450 Tool compensation
Spindle speed, changing the … ... 580 Length ... 214
Spline interpolation ... 540 Radius ... 215
Block format ... 540 Three-dimensional ... 529
Input range ... 542

742
 Index
T U
Tool data Unit of measure, selection ... 109
calling ... 197 Upper and lower case letters, switching
delta values ... 181 between ... 465
entering into tables ... 182 USB devices,
entering into the program ... 181 connecting/removing ... 154
indexing ... 190 User parameters ... 704
Tool length ... 180 General
Tool management ... 205 general
Tool material ... 188, 471 for 3-D touch probes ... 705
Tool measurement ... 186 for external data transfer ... 705
Tool movements, programming ... 111 for machining and program
Tool name ... 180 run ... 719
Tool names, looking for ... 198 for TNC displays and TNC
Tool number ... 180 editor ... 709
Tool radius ... 180 Machine-specific ... 681
Tool table
Available input data ... 182 V
editing functions ... 190, 207, 209 Variable program call with QS ... 460
editing, exiting ... 189 Version numbers ... 665
Tool type, selecting ... 188 View CAD data ... 292
Tool usage file ... 202 Virtual axis VT ... 435
Tool Usage Test ... 202 Virus protection ... 97
Tool-carrier kinematics ... 192 Visual display unit ... 79
Touch probe cycles
Manual Operation mode ... 595 W
Touch probe functions, use with Wireless handwheel ... 572
mechanical probes or dial Configuring ... 699
gauges ... 616 Handwheel holder, assigning ... 699
Touch probe monitoring ... 395 Statistical data ... 701
TRANS DATUM ... 457 Transmission channel,
Traverse range, limiting ... 436 setting ... 700
Traverse reference points ... 564 Transmitter power,
Trigonometric functions ... 321 selecting... ... 701
Trigonometry ... 321 WMAT.TAB ... 470
TXT files, opening ... 149 Working plane, tilting
Manually ... 617
Working space, monitoring ... 682
Workpiece blank definition ... 109
Workpiece material, defining ... 470
Workpiece measurement ... 613
Workpiece positions
Absolute ... 105
Incremental ... 105
Workspace monitoring ... 643

Z
ZIP archive ... 148
ZIP files ... 144, 145

HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 743

DR. JOHANNES HEIDENHAIN GmbH
Dr.-Johannes-Heidenhain-Straße 5
83301 Traunreut, Germany
{ +49 8669 31-0
| +49 8669 32-5061
E-mail: [email protected]
Technical support | +49 8669 32-1000
Measuring systems { +49 8669 31-3104
E-mail: [email protected]
TNC support { +49 8669 31-3101
E-mail: [email protected]
NC programming { +49 8669 31-3103
E-mail: [email protected]
PLC programming { +49 8669 31-3102
E-mail: [email protected]
Lathe controls { +49 8669 31-3105
E-mail: [email protected]
www.heidenhain.de

Touch probes from HEIDENHAIN

help you reduce non-productive time and
improve the dimensional accuracy of the finished workpieces.

Workpiece touch probes

TS 220 Signal transmission by cable
TS 440, TS 444 Infrared transmission
TS 640, TS 740 Infrared transmission

• Workpiece alignment
• Setting datums
• Workpiece measurement

Tool touch probes

TT 140 Signal transmission by cable
TT 449 Infrared transmission
TL Contact-free laser systems

• Tool measurement
• Wear monitoring
• Tool breakage detection

737759-24 · Ver04 · SW04 · 3/2016 · Printed in Germany · F&W 