Pomodoro Technique An Effective Method For Developing Time Management

ST.
VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO

MAMATID CITY OF CABUYAO LAGUNA
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
POMODORO TECHNIQUE: AN EFFECTIVE METHOD FOR

DEVELOPING TIME MANAGEMENT FOR THE
SELECTED GRADE 12 STUDENTS OF
ST. VINCENT COLLEGE OF
CABUYAO
A Practical Research 2
Presented to the Faculty of the Senior Highschool Department
Of St. Vincent College of Cabuyao
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

For the Practical Research
Troy Castillo
Mark Christian Loveña
Carlo Natividad
Rhiz Dyane Sablan
S.Y. 2022-2023
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ST. VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study is to evaluate the pomodoro technique as an
effective method for developing time management for the grade 12 STEM students
of St. Vincent College of Cabuyao. The study employed a correlational research
design with the online survey as the primary data gathering tool. The respondents
came from the grade 12 students in St. Vincent College of Cabuyao. A total of 40
students were included in the online survey through the implementation of a simple
random sampling technique. Data collection involved the utilization of a close-
ended questionnaire, allowing participants to provide free-form responses. The
statistical analysis employed in the study involved the utilization of Pearson-r
correlation for data treatment. The result of the survey says that the pomodoro
technique is an effective method of time management considering that the
respondents agreed that it keeps them on track with tasks that need to be prioritized
first and also prevents the students from stress and tension from school. The results
revealed a low correlation, indicating that there is no significant relationship
between the two variables.
Keywords: Pomodoro Technique, Time Management, Boosting Productivity,
Avoid Procrastination, Stress Prevention.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
“We will run and not grow weary” Isaiah 40:29–31. This is the Bible sacred
texts we hold on to throughout challenging circumstances and tasks that we
encountered while carrying out this research study. We finally achieved our goal.
We find it hard to believe that we have overcome all of the challenges, sleepless
nights, and hardships we experienced. We can say that all that was done was worth
the effort. We are very appreciative of the help, the motivation, assistance, and
feedback we received from those who came behind us in order to develop and
further improve our research, touch our lives, and shall be remembered:
God Almighty, for His unconditional guidance and love, providing us with
strength and wisdom. We glorify His name and offer Him this study.
Ms. Abby Valerie Marasigan, our research adviser who is always there
for our queries and who gave exceptional support throughout the study. She was
the one who pushed us and directed us to continue and pursue this research even
though it seems unattainable to achieve our goal.
To the respondents in St. Vincent College of Cabuyao, for their
participation in answering the questionnaire used in this research to enrich the
content of the study.
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To the panelists, thank you for your time, suggestion and encouragement
and allowing us to get the necessary information we need to make this thesis
possible.
To our mentors namely, Ynna Dimaano, Mekayla Barruga, and Kyle
Roldan who have helped us in creating this wonderful study.
Finally, to our Parents and Friends, for giving us motivation and
encouragement to keep on going, for believing in our capabilities, and for their
undying support, cooperation, and concern.
TPC, MCFL, CN, & RDMS
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DEDICATION
This study is sincerely dedicated to our (researchers) parents, who served as
our (researchers) research study's main inspiration and pillars for encouragement
throughout the entirety of the project. They are there for us at all times to assist
us. In addition, we would like to thank our friends, classmates, and family members
for their help, encouragement, and support during the study process. Additionally,
we dedicate this work to all of our teachers, but especially to our teacher in practical
research 2 (Ms. Abby Valerie Marasigan), who helped us throughout our research
by being patient as well as providing guidance. Above all, we gave thanks to our
Almighty God for his love and abundant blessings for us and our family as well as
for providing us with the strength, knowledge, and skills necessary to finish this
study.
TPC, MCFL, CN, & RDMS
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
TITLE PAGE……………………………………………………………........i
ABSTRACT …………….....…………………………………….………......ii
ACKNOWLEGDEMENT……………………………………….....………..iii - iv
DEDICATION....…………………………………...….................................v
TABLE OF CONTENTS………………….……..…………….....………....vi - viii
Chapter
1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction...................................................................1 -2
Background of the Study...............................................2 - 4
Statement of the Problem...............................................4
Hypothesis......................................................................4
Significance of the Study................................................4 - 5
Theoretical Framework...................................................6 - 7
Research Paradigm..........................................................8 - 9
Scope and Limitation.......................................................9
Definition of Terms.........................................................10
2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
Foreign Literature........................................................11 - 13
Local Literature...........................................................13 - 15
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Foreign Studies...........................................................16 - 17
Local Studies..............................................................18 - 20
3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design..........................................................21
Data Gathering Procedure...........................................21 - 22
Respondents of the Study...........................................22
Statistical Treatment of Data......................................22 - 25
4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Result and Discussion............................................................26 - 32
5 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary of Findings...........................................................33 - 34
Conclusions..........................................................................34
Recommendations................................................................35
BIBLIOGRAPHY........................................................................................36 - 41
CURRICULUM VITAE..............................................................................43 - 46
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Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
Coping with society on managing time is hard for some people due to some
reasons such as being indolent or putting first some essential things which lead to
a pile of to-do lists that make you more lethargic. This study will help you manage
your time to be more productive in everyday tasks and avoid dreadful things such
as stress, etc.
Time management is an essential skill to have especially for students. It is
the ability to use your time productively by dividing it to do all the tasks. It is stated
by many that the management of time helps to overcome laziness and prevents
procrastination. There are in fact several methods to help people manage their time
effectively. Such examples are Pomodoro Technique, Pareto Analysis, Time
Blocking Method, Rapid Planning Method, etc.
The Pomodoro technique is a method of managing time that is developed
by Francesco Cirillo. It uses a kitchen timer to break work into intervals, typically
twenty-five minutes in length, separated by short breaks (Wikipedia, 2023). The
said technique is known to be useful to a person who gets distracted easily and also
in figuring out how long it takes for a certain task to be accomplished. According
1
to Bryan Collins, it’s ideal for many types of work including writing, coding,
design, and study.
A 2008 University of Illinois study showed that being tethered to your desk
for long hours actually reduces your productivity, while regular short breaks keep
you focused and energized. The problem with procrastination is that it feels like a
reward. It gives us a temporary relief from stress. To counter this, the Pomodoro
Technique gives a reward for focused work. After completing a twenty-five-minute
pomodoro period, there is a small break. This break gives our brains small moments
of offline time which in turn allows new logical insights. Doing work in a pattern
like this – twenty-five minutes of focused work followed by a five-minute break –
provides a productive rhythm throughout the day.
Background of the Study
The Pomodoro technique a time management method formulated by
Francisco Cirillo is a perfect tool for organizing your framework. Pomodoro is an
Italian word for tomato, pomodoro technique is a simple process of cutting your
time into slices. The number one goal of the Pomodoro Technique: that informed
you of what is your work time and then improve them. This may result that your
productivity is increasing. Relaxation is not a waste of time, it may help to reduce
fatigue and stress in doing your tasks ( Ariane Picoche, 2021).
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According to (Giesbrecht) 2015, Pomodoro Technique helps you to counter
the three general sources of procrastination: pressure from others, pressure to be
perfect, and pressure for making mistakes but pomodoro technique gives a reward
for focused work. The Pomodoro technique is also supported by (Deming-Shewart
Cycle) this cycle is a “continuous improvement and agile” planning on how to reach
your goals and being inspired to reach them. If the process improves you to achieve
your goals, continue the process. Further to that, regardless of motivation to
improve your time management, time management has various benefits that help
you to be productive, reduce your stress, and not be pressured which helps to
control your work better. To achieve this, start your day with a plan, the easiest way
to do your work better. “To effectively use your time, you should create a plan for
everything that you want to accomplish that day” (Sean Cope) 2021.
The Pomodoro technique is applicable if you’re used to getting distracted
by doing your responsibilities and this may help you to know how long would you
take your tasks. And anticipate your schedule when you have repetitive work. The
Pomodoro technique is more effective in the morning when you’ve enough sleep,
the reason is you finish the tasks yesterday which helps you to be productive in the
morning. “Pomodoro technique works best early in the morning when I’m fresh
and want to focus” Bryan Collins, (2020). According to Megan Kachigan (2023),
“Pomodoro is a time-management technique that fights off procrastination and
allows you to remain focused and productive throughout the day “, this method is
3
a simple technique that increases your productivity and this way is effective to boost
your concentration to your work and improve it.
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to determine the effect of the Pomodoro technique on the
development of time management of the selected grade 12 students of SVCC
Specifically, it attempts to answer the following questions:
1. What is the level of effectiveness of the Pomodoro technique to grade 12
students?
2. How does having time management skills benefit the grade 12 students?
3. Is there any significant relationship between the Pomodoro technique and
the development of time management of the selected grade 12?
Hypothesis
There is a significant relationship between the Pomodoro technique and the
development of time management according to the selected grade 12 students of St.
Vincent College of Cabuyao
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Significance of the Study
The purpose of conducting this study is to determine if the Pomodoro
Technique has an influence on how students develop time management. The
researchers believed that this study will be beneficial to the following:
Students. As time goes by the students, may have experienced trouble managing
their time in school, at home, or in their everyday tasks or chores. This study will
help the students learn how to manage their own time without disregarding other
tasks.
Teachers. This study will help them manage their own time by making their lesson
plans and teaching their students on time so that the students may learn more from
them.
Future Researchers. This study will benefit future researchers about the Pomodoro
Technique or determine the purpose and importance of managing time.
Researchers (ourselves). As a student, we will be sensible to know the relationship
between the time management and the Pomodoro Technique. We can also benefit
from this study by understanding and sharing the knowledge that we gathered with
our fellow students.
5
Theoretical Framework
According to the Cognition theory by Lleras and Aliga (2010, When trying
to complete significantly longer tasks (such as studying), it is known to be helpful
to initiate breaks as they're able to help and guide anyone to stay focused. Their
theory actually overturned the vigilance decrement theory which concluded that the
longer a task takes, the greater chance of ﬁnding significant events. On the contrary
to that, the theory stated that our brains interpret constant stimulation as
meaningless to the point where it blocks it from human awareness. Things that are
true for perceptions should also be true for thoughts if there is any kind of analogy
between the fundamental ways in which the brain processes information. In the
same way that lengthy concentration on a perception causes it to fade from our
consciousness, prolonged focus on a concept ought to cause it to slip away from
human minds.
As stated in the theory of (Auld, 2019), “Effective time management
allows students to complete more in less time, because their attention is focused
and they’re not wasting time on distractions.” Sophia also stated that students
will more be able to feel satisfied with their accomplishments if they practice a
good time management. Aside from feeling good, we have to include the fact that
time management helps students finish tasks on time or even earlier, giving them
more time to rest or spend their time on the things they like.
6
A study conducted in 2021 stated that working from home reduces
productivity by 30% owing to COVID. Work minutes accumulated, but employees
discovered that they were accomplishing less. Similarly to students, laziness and
procrastination increase when distance learning has been implemented. This then
results in cramming and being in a rush to complete a certain assignment or project.
Cramming often increases stress which may lead to fatigue, anxiety, and panic.
The idea behind the technique is that the timer instills a sense of urgency.
Rather than feeling like you have endless time in the workday to get things done
and then ultimately squandering those precious work hours on distractions, you
know you only have twenty-five minutes to make as much progress on a task as
possible (Boogaard, 2023). Students tend to feel overwhelmed when being loaded
with assignments, projects and reports not to mention that they may have
responsibilities at their home too. Being loaded and overwhelmed by tasks could
result in a person having a hard time figuring out what they should do first and how
would they start. That is when Pomodoro Technique is best to use. The said method
enables students to spend a not-too-short but not-too-long time to a certain task and
receives a short minute break after. The interval breaks will prevent the student
from feeling burned out and tired.
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Research Paradigm
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
• 1. What is the level • Survey • Determine the effect

of effectiveness of Questionnaires of Pomodoro
the Pomodoro • Statistical Analysis technique in
technique to grade • Data Gathering developing tine
12 students? management.
• 2. How does having
time management
skills benefit the
grade 12 students?
• 3. Is there any
significant
relationship between
the Pomodoro
technique and the
development of time
management of the
selcted grade 12
students?
FEEDBACK
Figure 1. The Paradigm of the Study
The IPO model (input-process-output system) was used to describe the
study's conceptual framework. The paradigm of the study was created to guide the
researcher for the smooth flow and planning of how the research would be
conducted. The Input (I) comprises the topic that the researchers are going to be
8
studied. The Process (P) indicates the methodology used to meet the objectives of
the study through data gathering using survey, analysis, and interpretation of data.
Lastly, the Output (O) pertains to the main goal of this study.
Scope and Limitation
This study focuses on determining whether the Pomodoro Technique is an
effective way to develop proper time management. The data collection will be
conducted on 40 respondents as the total number of populations of Grade 12
students. The study will take place at St. Vincent College of Cabuyao. On the
contrary, this study will not cover other problems that are not connected to
determining whether the Pomodoro Technique is an effective way to develop
proper time management. Also, the students who are not Grade 12 students of St.
Vincent College of Cabuyao are not within the scope of this research.
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Definition of Terms
For a better understanding of this research, the following terminologies are
carefully defined:
Pomodoro Technique. A time-management technique that divides work into
intervals of approximately twenty-five minutes, with brief pauses in between.
Time Management. It is the ability to use time effectively and productively.
Procrastination. It is the act of purposefully delaying or postponing something
despite being aware that doing so will have negative effects.
Cramming. It is the act of working intensively to take in significant amounts of
information quickly.
Burn Out. Being completely exhausted due to overloading of tasks.
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Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This research chapter references both local and foreign articles, journals,
books, and theses that are important and relevant to the research study. The
information obtained from the sources is factual, credible, and current, and might
be used to explore the research problem. Also, it explains and makes logical
connections between previous findings and the current study, providing us with an
overview and a sense of the study's direction. Foreign Literature, Local Literature,
Foreign Studies, and Local Studies will all be broken down into separate areas.
Foreign Literature
The Pomodoro technique is a simple technique that utilizes to focus on your
task and plan your breaks to reduce exhaustion. It helps to make a simple
framework for the Pomodoro interval needed in a day to finish the tasks. The plan
is to break the bigger task into smaller ones without distraction to focus on work,
relax your mind and break every you feel empty to reduce sluggishness this
timework may improve your productivity Amarita Mandal, (2020).
Poor time management can really increase your stress in the workplace, as
it can end up doing your responsibilities late to complete for the day. As such, time
management plays a key role in a student's ability to effectively engage with their
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school work, which gives benefits for productivity. An effective time management
means you can measure your time on how long you take the responsibilities or
tasks, it’s important to how you prioritize yours. Flexible students are commonly
in doing time management, they’re keeping responsible to do tasks. As well as
lessen their hours (Chris Shenton, 2020).
The Pomodoro technique is a time management planning that enhances your
productivity and improves your dedication to do your responsibilities. It helps you
to encourage yourself to work within the time and lessen your struggle on time. The
Pomodoro technique is commonly used by freelancers, who want to track time.
“Perfectionism prevents action. Waiting until you have devised the perfect solution
to something is merely a form of procrastination” Stefan Noteberg, (2021). This
process helps to train our brain to maintain focus and improve despite uncountable
distractions to block our responsibilities to do.
According to Allen and Jennifer, (2019), “ Productive people cannot live
according to the clock”, if you are checking the time every hour you’re working
and find it you only take fifteen minutes. This situation may decrease your
motivation and lessen your productivity. If there are blocking your time stop doing
a deadly hard task to avoid procrastination. An effective way to make preplanned
timework, batching your time, this technique helps reduced to feeling tedious.
There are method utilized for short-term planning, the Eisenhower matrix. The
Eisenhower matrix is a framework that states important or not and urgent or not.
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This helps you to decide what specific task you’ll handle and you can utilize this
tool to prioritize your task. The basis of this technique is, “ What is important is
seldom urgent, and what is urgent is seldom important ( Dwight Eisenhower) said.
On contrary to that side, There are some drawbacks to the Pomodoro
technique. The arrangement of time and breaks are sometimes not flexible and
regimented. The tasks can be stressful if it takes too long than the stipulated time,
and if the time gets over the scheduled time, you may be bothered by what to do.
When there are distractions to your framework, for example when your friends get
your attention but don’t account for your framework it makes your stipulated
interval complicated ( Sanjana Gupta, 2022).
Local Literature
Making an action plan to improve the time management and learning
motivation of the dentistry students at the Lyceum of the Philippines University is
verified to be helpful (Borbon, 2021). Task scheduling and affective outcomes had
a significant relationship. Thus, dental professionals tend to practice task
scheduling more. This occurs as a result of the fact that students who experience
high levels of exam anxiety frequently look for effective coping mechanisms and
establish reminders, productive timetables, and suitable timings. It's possible that
they do this to make up for their exam-related anxiety. The document resulted that
13
time management skills can be improved with the help of different time
management methods.
According to (Dr. J. Sugay et al. 2021) experiment with 26 people as their
respondents, the Pomodoro technique is proven to be effective. This is because the
participants’ level of procrastination behavior improved slightly from high
procrastination behavior during pretests to average procrastination behavior and
least procrastination behavior during posttest, after introducing the Pomodoro
technique. This means that time management is known to be effective using the
method of Pomodoro.
An analysis was conducted at the Mindanao International College by Caliso
et al. (2022) to test the usefulness of adding a Pomodoro timer feature on their
website’s system. Their analysis resulted that adding a Pomodoro timer on their
website would help the students to increase their productivity. Students could also
feel motivated to be more productive with the idea of being included in the ranking
of the top 50 students who have the highest Pomodoro focus time. As a result, they
have concluded that it is important to develop features on the school’s website to
help the students manage their time effectively even outside the school. They also
stated that it could help the website be more beneficial not only to the students but
also to the teachers, administrators, and the school itself.
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“Time management is crucial, and it may affect an individual’s overall
performance” (Baniqued et al., 2019). The entire average from their time
management questionnaire is used as a representation of the post-test
improvements. The respondents' time management actually takes significance over
other issues with the help of the Pomodoro technique. A significant effect, with an
effect size of approximately 50 to 60%, has been demonstrated in the research
journal. The three factors—attitude, time wastage, and time planning—showed that
time planning was the most significant (62.3%). The application of the Pomodoro
technique is fundamental for this.
A literature review by Costales et al. (2021) aims to evaluate the
effectiveness of the Pomodoro technique in terms of student productivity with
regard to their cognitive learning. Their research also examines how students'
ability to manage time was enhanced by the act of using mobile applications
featuring the Pomodoro method. After doing a statistical data, the researchers
discovered a substantial difference between the level of agreement between the
student's evaluations on assessment 1, when they hadn't yet implemented the
Pomodoro technique, and assessment 2 when they had. Additionally, the
technique's effectiveness is demonstrated by the variance's increase, which is
1.131394401. A critical rate of 3.79169E-19, which was also demonstrated using
an ANOVA, provides evidence to the effectiveness of the technique.
15
Foreign Studies
Effective time management helps agile teams to plan and monitor the work
to be performed and create and maintain a fast yet sustainable pace. The Pomodoro
Technique is one promising time management technique (Wang et al., 2021). Its
application and adaptation in Sourcesense Milan Team surfaced various benefits,
challenges and implications for distributed agile software development.
While the effects of gamification have been demonstrated in various fields,
research on gamification in the work context is still limited. According to
Gerdenitsch et al. (2020), gamification can, however, be used as a strategy in
companies, for example, to strengthen enjoyment and productivity in the
workplace.
According to (Ahmed, 2015), in this environment, software-based task
management techniques may blend in too much to be optimally effective. The Time
Machine is proposed as a physical interface distinctly separated from the task
environment with real-world manifestations of arbitrary concepts of tasks and time
while providing constant visibility of status through an ambient display for self-
reflection. The Time Machine aims to promote distributed cognition and utilize the
stage-based model of personal informatics and the Pomodoro technique toward
productive and enjoyable task management.
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Cirillo (2018), recommended in several applications and study-skills books
(e.g., Pancholi, 2022; Scroggs, 2023), that the Pomodoro technique promotes
longer study sessions of 25 min while avoiding any distractions, followed by a 5-
min break in which any alternative actions are allowed. This is repeated four times
before being followed by a longer break. When taking these short or long
systematic breaks, students are assumed to be able to invest a higher level of mental
effort in the learning task, as opportunity costs are postponed towards the
systematic breaks. Furthermore, systematic breaks might decrease the total time for
participants to complete their learning tasks, as they might switch back to their work
faster after having taken a break (Katidioti et al., 2016). In contrast, having to self-
regulate the break-taking might increase mental effort, thus making it more difficult
to work on the learning tasks.
Nyak Mutia Ismail et al. (2022) conducted a test for some of the students;
In carrying out the Pomodoro technique, the students were given break time for 5
minutes in every 25-minute learning session. Afterward, the students should answer
the questionnaire consisting of 30 statements asking about motivation, engagement,
and time management. The results uncover that, regarding motivation, 33 students
had positively-oriented motivation; then in terms of learning engagement, 40
students were actively engaged with online learning activities given; and
concerning time management, 32 students had good time management.
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Local Studies
“Time management is the process of planning and consuming your time in
a particular activity every day. Time management may be aided by a range of skills,
tools, and techniques that are used to manage time when accomplishing specific
tasks, projects, and goals complying with a due date” (Fulgencio et al. 2020). The
following attendance recommendations were made based on the study's findings
and conclusions: always be on time, start preparing as early as you can, set an alarm
to avoid being late, and quit engaging in outside activities. To avoid cramming, the
researchers advised students to complete all of their projects and paperwork prior
to the deadline, create a daily checklist to ensure job completion, and do their
projects in their spare time. The previous researchers advised students to categorize
their responsibilities in order to effectively manage their time, list their critical
activities to avoid cramming and set aside trivial stuff.
According to the result of Peteros et al. (2021) study, students can set
priorities in their studies to put more important things on the list of activities they
have to accomplish for the day. Moreover, they can spend more time on those
activities relevant to their studies to better school performance. Their research has
revealed that respondents' time management is dependent on how they establish
priorities. The respondents prioritized things, as shown by the total weighted mean
of 3.77 and a standard deviation of 0.916. Prioritizing tasks based on their value
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and relative importance to the person's status is an efficient management of
time strategy. To make absolutely sure that whatever the desired outcome of such
items is achieved, more important things are given higher priorities and are given
more time. Just as with students who are working, their education should be their
top priority, thus they should actually spend extra time to accomplish their school
activities.
A research conducted by Lualhati (2019) resulted in the majority of their
respondents practicing scheduling as their time management practice. Scheduling
task is somehow identical to the use of the Pomodoro technique. Analysis of the
processed data revealed that scheduling, goal-setting, task prioritization, paperwork
management, handling interruptions, and an abundance of paperwork and reports
were challenges that the faculty members frequently faced when trying to manage
their time.
Bautista et al. (2019) performed a study to determine the effectiveness of
the Pomodoro technique. The relevancy of the instructional materials used and the
variation in the real-time engagement throughout the previously mentioned
learning set-ups are the key aspects that affect their responders' perceptions. Also,
a number of environmental factors, such as a noisy home environment and
technological distractions, have an impact on how well their respondents learn
online. Last but not least, despite their respondents' preference for task listing to
19
ensure a smooth workflow, they hardly ever take part in group review sessions to
confirm that they fully grasp the teachings.
“In order to prevent anxiety caused by deadlines, students would need to
adapt an effective method of managing their time. The Pomodoro technique, in
particular, is the time management method that the researchers of this study has
paid attention on” (Teves et al. 2021). The majority of the respondents to their study
agree that the Pomodoro approach can be helpful; nevertheless, some respondents
disagree, claiming that this time management strategy is inappropriate for them.
The Pomodoro method can boost academic achievement, according to all of their
responders. Also, they think it will increase their productivity and timeliness. The
previous researchers came to the conclusion that the benefits of using the Pomodoro
Technique exceed the drawbacks based on all the data they had obtained. The
majority of pupils would probably benefit from this strategy if it were used.
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Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter discusses the different methodologies that were used by the
researchers. This includes the research method, the data-gathering procedure, and
the statistical treatment of the data used.
Research Design
The researchers used a correlational research design. It is a form of a
research design method that involves making decisions based on two variables with
the goal of identifying a correlation that is statistically significant. The objective of
correlational studies is to determine the variables that are related in a certain way
such that changing one results in a change in the other.
Data Gathering Procedure
The researchers invested a lot of time, energy, and cooperation in creating their
surveys in order to serve their designated respondents. The respondents'
agreement or disagreement with every statement was expressed using a four-point
Likert scale (1=strongly disagree to 4=strongly agree). The questionnaire had been
created by incorporating related statements that had been established from related
research and from the researchers' own original statements. The questionnaire was
distributed to the 40 grade 12 students at St. Vincent College of Cabuyao through
21
the use of an online platform (google forms) after being approved by the research
adviser. The survey questions' confidentiality is assured whereas the respondents
have the choice to remain anonymous. Through using respondents' answers, the
data were totaled and analyzed for interpretation. The researcher utilized secondary
sources, such as published articles and literature, in addition to the main data to
support the survey results.
Respondents of the Study
The authors of the study's intended target sample size were the 40 grade 12
students at St. Vincent College in Cabuyao. They were selected as respondents
because they have the knowledge and experience needed in order to determine
whether there is a significant association between both the Pomodoro technique and
the development of time management skills. It is desirable to gather responses from
the targeted population because their responses would help in achieving the
objectives of this research study.
Statistical Treatment of Data
The following statistical tools are applied in the study.
SOP 1. To determine the benefits of the Pomodoro technique, the
researchers will use the weighted mean. With the formula of
∑𝑥
𝑥̅ =
𝑛
22
Ungrouped Data
Where:
𝑥̅ = mean
x = percentage
n = number of questions
For the Standard Deviation,
̅ )𝟐
√∑(𝑥−𝒙
S= 𝑛
Ungrouped Data
Where:
S = standard deviation
x = percentage
𝑥̅ = mean
SOP 2. To determine how the Pomodoro technique helps with time
management, the researchers will use the weighted mean. With the formula of:
∑𝑥
𝑥̅ =
𝑛
Ungrouped Data
23
Where:
𝑥̅ = mean
x = percentage
n = number of questions
For the Standard Deviation,
̅ )𝟐
√∑(𝑥−𝒙
S= 𝑛
Ungrouped Data
Where:
S = standard deviation
x = percentage
𝑥̅ = mean
SOP 3. To determine the significant relationship between the Pomodoro
technique and the development of time management of the selected students, the
researchers will use the Person’s r. With the formula of
𝑛 ∑ 𝑥𝑦 − (∑ 𝑥)(∑ 𝑦)
𝑟=
√[𝑛 ∑ 𝑥 2 − (∑ 𝑥)2 ][𝑛 ∑ 𝑦 2 − (∑ 𝑦)2 ]
Where in
24
n = number of indicators
x = first variable
y = second variable
Σxy = the sum of the products of paired scores
Σx = the sum of x scores
Σy = the sum of y scores
Σx2 = the sum of squared x scores
Σy2 = the sum of squared y scores
25
Chapter 4
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter discusses the data gathered from the 40 respondents through
the survey research made-questionnaires. The data that the researchers gathered
will be analyzed, interpreted, and presented in this chapter. All of the results from
the survey questionnaires and observations are in this chapter to present.
This study was conducted to determine whether the Pomodoro technique is
effective in developing the time management skills of the selected participants.
Specifically, this aims to answer the following:
SOP 1. What is the level of effectiveness of the Pomodoro technique to grade
12 students?
26
Indicators 4 3 2 1 Average Percentage
1. Pomodoro technique makes the tasks less 8 28 3 1 3.08 77%

boring.
2. Pomodoro technique prevents mental 12 23 4 1 3.15 78.75%

exhaustion
3. Pomodoro Technique gives me motivation to 15 21 3 1 3.25 81.25%

finish my task.
4. Pomodoro Technique helps me to get started 15 20 5 0 3.25 81.25%

on a task.
16 16 7 1 3.18 79.50%
5. Pomodoro technique prevents procrastination
6. Pomodoro technique keeps me on track with 18 21 1 0 3.43 85.75%

tasks that need to be prioritized first.
7. Pomodoro technique keeps me away from 12 20 7 1 3.08 77%

distractions when studying.
8. Pomodoro technique helps me to avoid 14 22 3 1 3.23 80.75%

missing important academic deadlines.
9. Pomodoro technique can improve my 12 23 5 0 3.18 79.50%

concentration.
10. Pomodoro technique improves attention 16 17 6 1 3.2 80%

span, concentration, and productivity
Table 1. The benefits of Pomodoro Technique
Table 1 illustrates the benefits of practicing the Pomodoro Technique to the
selected grade 12 students. Indicator 1 and 7 received the lowest percentage of
27
77%, indicator 2 has 78.75%, indicator 3 and 4 got 81.25%, indicator 5 received
79.50%, indicator 6 got the highest percentage with 85.75%, indicator 8 has
80.75%, indicator 9 got 79.50%, and indicator 10 received 80%.
Based on the result of table 1, most of the students agreed on indicator 6
with the statement “Pomodoro technique keeps me on track with tasks that need to
be prioritized first.” This then means Pomodoro Technique does help them identify
the task that should be prioritized first and also keeps them on track with the other
task to do as well. Although indicator 1 and indicator 7 got the lowest percentage,
majority of the respondents still agreed with the statements, “Pomodoro technique
makes the tasks less boring” and “Pomodoro technique keeps me away from
distractions when studying.” Which concludes that many still thinks that the said
technique helped them finish their task without getting bored and that it also helps
them get away from distractions and keep focused on the task instead.
“In today’s fast-paced, time-poor environment, it’s normal to want to regain
some control over your day. We are constantly pulled between things that are
screaming for our attention and tasks we know we need to get done (Blatnik,
2021).” The Pomodoro Technique has been really a great help to many individuals
including some of the respondents of this research. They make the job easier and
and less stressful while working smarter.
28
SOP 2. How does having time management skills benefit the grade 12
students?
Indicators 4 3 2 1 Average Percentage
1. Time management skill allows me to have 21 18 1 0 3.5 87.50%

more leisure time
2. Time management skill helps me meet the 32 7 1 0 3.78 94.38%

deadlines without being pressured by time
3. Time management skill helps me work 20 19 1 0 3.48 87%

efficiently
4. Time management skill improves my 19 18 3 0 3.4 85%

work/study habits
5. Time management skill lessens my level of 16 20 4 0 3.3 82.5%
stress.
6. Time management skill improves my 15 22 3 0 3.3 82.5%

concentration.
7. Time management skill makes me more 18 19 2 1 3.35 83.75%

productive.
8. Time management skill prevents 18 15 7 0 3.28 82%

procrastination.
9. Time management skill gives me a sense of 22 17 1 0 3.53 88.25%

responsibility.
10. Time management skill makes me feel 28 10 1 1 3.63 90.75%

proud whenever I finish a task.
Table 2. The benefits of time management skill
29
Table 2 represents the benefits of having a time management skill to the
selected grade 12 students. Indicator 1 got 87.50%, indicator 2 received the highest
percentage of 94.38%, indicator 3 has 87%, indicator 4 got 85%, indicator 5 and
6 has 82.5%, indicator 7 got 83.75%, indicator 8 received the lowest percentage
with 82%, indicator 9 has 88.25%, and indicator 10 got 90.75%.
Table 2 contains the statements on how does the selected respondents
benefits from having a time management skill. Based on its results, indicator 2 has
the highest number of students who agreed with the statement, “Time management
skill helps me meet the deadlines without being pressured by time.” This translates
that meeting the deadlines is the number one benefit that time management skills
could give. However, 8 got the lowest percentage with even if most students agreed
with the statement, “Time management skill prevents procrastination.” The
majority still believes that having time management skill does help them prevent
procrastination but there are still some who disagrees with it.
“Time is available to all people equally but could not return once it is lost.
The importance of time lies in losing the person own life by the progress he made
by time as every minute passes will make the death nearer, also time to energetic
people is of high importance in every passed minute while to lazy one means
nothing, nothing is more valuable to a human than time because his age is a
30
continuum of time units, and only the human can make a benefit from time by
having an intent to exploit it (Shahadeh, 2006, p44).”
SOP 3. Is there any significant relationship between the Pomodoro technique
and the development of time management of the grade 12 students?
R. Value Verbal Interpretation Decision
0.32 Low Accept the
Correlation Null Hypothesis
Table 3. The relationship between the Pomodoro Technique and time management
As shown in the table above, the r-value was produced when the given data
were substituted into the formula, we got r = 0.32. This falls to the range of 0.20-
0.39 which is interpreted as a low correlation. This means that there is no significant
relationship between the Pomodoro technique and the development of time
management of the Grade 12 students. The Pomodoro technique is a simple yet
efficient method for concentrated work that includes pre-scheduled pauses
(Mandal, 2020). The technique has been employed all around the world since it
enables anyone to do a work in a fair period of time while maintaining attention.
When compared to simple lists, the Pomodoro Technique forces you to complete
your tasks. This technique has even been demonstrated to lengthen your attention
span and help you remain focused while not actively employing it. This learning
method has been applied for years and has only received good press (Young, 2015).
31
People who formerly struggled with procrastination are now motivated and focused
learners and employees.
32
Chapter 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION
This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions, and
recommendations to further enhance the concepts and the facts discussed in the
preceding chapter as provided by the results of the analysis of data for the research.
This study was taken with the general objective of determining if there are
significant relationship between the Pomodoro technique and the development of
time management skills.
Summary of Findings
The following are the findings of the study:
1. Benefits of the Pomodoro Technique. Indicator 6 got the highest percentage of
85.75%. Indicator 6 comes to the statement, “Pomodoro technique keeps me on
track with tasks that need to be prioritized first.” The lowest percentage that the
researchers computed was on indicator 1 and indicator 7. The statements from the
indicators were, “Pomodoro technique makes the tasks less boring” and “Pomodoro
technique keeps me away from distractions when studying.”
2. Benefits of having time management skills. The statement from indicator 2,
“Time management skill helps me meet the deadlines without being pressured by
time” received the highest percentage of 94.38%. While the lowest percentage
33
comes from indicator 8 with 82% and the statement of, “Time management skill
prevents procrastination.”
3. There is no significant relationship between the Pomodoro technique and the
development of time management according to the selected grade 12 students of St.
Vincent College of Cabuyao
Conclusions
Based on the findings derived from this study, the following conclusions
were drawn.
1. Majority of the selected respondents agreed that the Pomodoro technique does
help them get their tasks done easier. The researchers have concluded that the
Pomodoro technique is a useful and helpful method in terms of managing time.
2. The researchers proved how essential it is to practice and acquire time
management skills, especially as a student. Most of the participants in this study
acknowledged how helpful and beneficial it is to have this specific skill.
3. The researchers concluded that practicing the Pomodoro technique will not be
really helpful to develop good time management skills. The use of Pomodoro
technique is still beneficial however, it does not help the selected respondents to
develop a skill for time management.
34
Recommendation
The following recommendations are offered based on the findings and
conclusions of the study.
1. Individuals will be able to be more productive and prevents procrastination with
the help of time management methods such as the Pomodoro technique.
2. Students will be able to meet the deadlines without any hassle by practicing their
time management skills. Students must use their time responsibly and use it as an
ally.
3. For future researchers, they should carry out a study using a different time
management method. In that way, they will be able to find a useful and helpful
method to develop a time management skill. The current researchers encourage the
future researchers to use this as a basis or reference in a study linked with this as
the results and data were unbiasedly gathered in the right way.
35
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41
CURRICULUM
VITAE 12 - STEM C
42
Name: Mark Christian F. Loveña
Nickname: Chai
Sex: Male
Civil Status: Single
PERSONAL DATA
Cell No.: 09317961654
Address: Blk 201, Lot 1, Phs 2, Mamatid, Cabuyao, Laguna
Date of Birth: March 13, 2005
Father’s Name: Michael C. Loveña
Mother’s Name: Mary Jane F. Loveña
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Primary: Mamatid Elementary School
Secondary: Gulod National High School
Senior High School: St. Vincent College of Cabuyao
Strand: Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. (STEM)
43
Name: Carlo Natividad
Nickname: Carlo
Sex: Male
PERSONAL DATA
Cell No.: 09198919543
Address: Blk10 Lot5 Buena Rosario Mamatid, Cabuyao, Laguna
Date of Birth: December 12, 2004
Father’s Name: Marlon Catapang
Mother’s Name: Carina Natividad
Secondary: St. Vincent College of Cabuyao
44
Name: Rhiz Dyane M. Sablan
Nickname: Rhiz
Sex: Female
PERSONAL DATA
Cell No.: 09319478874
Address: Blk19 Lot116, Phase 2 ext.., Brgy. Mamatid, Cabuyao, Laguna
Date of Birth: August 20, 2005
Father’s Name: Darwin S. Sablan
Mother’s Name: Christine M. Sablan
Secondary: Christ the King School of Cabuyao
45
Name: Troy Angelo P. Castillo
Nickname: Troy
Sex: Male
PERSONAL DATA
Cell No.: 09380495579
Address: Blk 29 Lot 52 Phase 6 Mamatid Cabuyao Laguna
Date of Birth: January 17, 2005
Father’s Name: Angelito Castillo
Mother’s Name: Ma. Teresa Pelejo
Secondary: Saint Isidore Academy
Senior High School: Saint Vincent College of Laguna
46

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ST.

VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT