Crafting a Literature Review in Research Methods: A Guide

Writing a literature review is often considered one of the most challenging tasks in academic
research. It requires not only extensive reading but also the ability to synthesize information and
present it in a coherent and structured manner. In the realm of research methods, where the emphasis
lies on critical analysis and scholarly rigor, the task becomes even more demanding.

A literature review serves as the foundation of any research project, providing a comprehensive
overview of existing knowledge and research findings relevant to the topic at hand. It helps
researchers identify gaps in the literature, establish the theoretical framework for their study, and
contextualize their own findings within the broader scholarly discourse.

To effectively write a literature review in research methods, one must navigate through a vast array
of academic sources, ranging from peer-reviewed journal articles to scholarly books and conference
proceedings. This process can be overwhelming, especially for those new to the field or grappling
with complex theoretical frameworks.

Moreover, synthesizing diverse sources and perspectives into a coherent narrative requires analytical
skills and critical thinking. Researchers must not only summarize existing literature but also evaluate
its strengths and weaknesses, identify recurring themes or patterns, and offer insights into the
theoretical and methodological approaches adopted by previous studies.

In addition to these challenges, there are also technical aspects to consider, such as citation styles,
formatting guidelines, and the organization of the literature review itself. Balancing these various
components while maintaining clarity and coherence can be a daunting task for many researchers.

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GIFs Highlight your latest work via email or social media with custom GIFs. You can organize it
chronologically, listing and discussing the oldest sources you’ve consulted and working up to the
latest pieces. Keep it simple, keep it diverse, and keep it relevant to your study. This approach should
only be followed if a clear path of research building on previous research can be identified and that
these trends follow a clear chronological order of development. In these cases, the lit review just
needs to cover scholarship that is important to the issue you are writing about; sometimes it will also
cover key sources that informed your research methodology. Most, if not all, peer-reviewed journals
in the fields of medical informatics publish review articles of some type. LexiVibe: Virtual Reality-
based Vocabulary Learning Environment for Visually. The Literature Review Definition A literature
review surveys prior research published in books, scholarly articles, and any other sources relevant to
a particular issue, area of research, or theory, and by so doing, provides a description, summary, and
critical evaluation of these works in relation to the research problem being investigated. A literature
review is an overview of the topic, an explanation of how publications differ from one another, and
an examination of how each publication contributes to the. For example, when discussing empirical
research, you might mention that most studies have focused on a certain context, yet very few (or
none) have focused on another context, and there’s reason to believe that findings may differ. It can
be anything from qualitative to quantitative in acknowledging problems in a particular theory.
Narrow the Topic The narrower your topic, the easier it will be to limit the number of sources you
need to read in order to obtain a good survey of relevant resources. Once you go through all the
scholarly materials, make a conclusion as to which one of them was more convincing with their
theory. A good starting point could be to look at some examples, depending on what kind of
literature review you’d like to write. Where appropriate, state not only what you will study, but what
will be excluded from your study. Both authors independently reviewed each of the identified
articles to determine eligibility and extract study information. In the sciences, for instance, treatments
for medical problems are constantly changing according to the latest studies. History: The
chronological progression of the field, the research literature, or an idea that is necessary to
understand the literature review, if the body of the literature review is not already a chronology. A
chronological compilation of studies The reason for conducting a literature review is to: Literature
Reviews: An Overview for Graduate Students While this 9-minute video from NCSU is geared
toward graduate students, it is useful for anyone conducting a literature review. Use Caution When
Paraphrasing When paraphrasing a source that is not your own, be sure to represent the author's
information or opinions accurately and in your own words. If you want to work smart, you don't
want to miss this. The function of literature reviews What is the purpose of conducting a literature
review. This is a serious academic offense that can result in a failing grade or even expulsion from
school. Lit reviews can also be standalone pieces, either as assignments in a class or as publications.
Explore how the sources challenge and contradict each other and where they agree or expand upon
each other. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. This may include
empirical studies or conceptual papers that initiated a line of investigation, changed how problems or
questions were framed, introduced new methods or concepts, or engendered important debate (
Cooper, 1988 ). When you are assigned a literature review, you should always read the entire work
before writing your review. Literature reviews provide the reader with a bibliographic history of the
scholarly research in any given field of study. As such, reviewers may selectively ignore or limit the
attention paid to certain studies in order to make a point.
Doing a Literature Review: Releasing the Social Science Research Imagination. The data quality
links to the credibility of the study, so it is important to note, especially in this day of predatory
journals where not all articles found are credible. Resolve conflicts amongst seemingly contradictory
previous studies. Include Names: Include the names of the authors of the chosen theories. It is our
hope that our descriptive account will serve as a valuable source for those conducting, evaluating or
using reviews in this important and growing domain. In this regard, we concur with Jesson,
Matheson, and Lacey (2011) that clearly articulated research questions are key ingredients that guide
the entire review methodology; they underscore the type of information that is needed, inform the
search for and selection of relevant literature, and guide or orient the subsequent analysis. If you are
writing the literature review as part of your dissertation or thesis, reiterate your central problem or
research question and give a brief summary of the scholarly context. More importantly, though, you
need to explain how this impacts your expectations about what you will find in your own study.
Demonstrate how each piece of research contributes to the overall understanding of your chosen
topic. For each publication, ask yourself: What question or problem is the author addressing. The
specific goals were to investigate how outcomes are produced and, most importantly, how variations
in outcomes can be explained. Many student writers struggle to synthesize because they feel they
don’t have anything to add to the scholars they are citing; here are some strategies to help you: It
often helps to remember that the point of these kinds of syntheses is to show your readers how you
understand your research, to help them read the rest of your paper. Chapter 3 The Research Process:
The broad problem area and defining the pro. How To Write A Literature Review Writing a literature
review is perhaps the best piece of literature that a student can work with. There are five key steps to
writing a literature review: Search for relevant literature Evaluate sources Identify themes, debates,
and gaps Outline the structure Write your literature review A good literature review doesn’t just
summarize sources—it analyzes, synthesizes, and critically evaluates to give a clear picture of the
state of knowledge on the subject. Recapitulate important features of a research study, but then
synthesize it by rephrasing the study's significance and relating it to your own work and the work of
others. Sejajar dengan perkembangan internet, media sosial kini menjadi aplikasi internet yang kian.
It allows for a comprehensive exploration of various aspects without being bound by a strict timeline.
Thematic: If you have found some recurring central themes that you will continue working with
throughout your piece, you can organize your literature review into subsections that address different
aspects of the topic. Ask your professor questions such as: “If you had to read only one book from
the 90’s on topic X, what would it be?” Questions such as this help you to find and determine
quickly the most seminal pieces in the field. Methodological If you draw your sources from different
disciplines or fields that use a variety of research methods, you might want to compare the results
and conclusions that emerge from different approaches. Keep in mind that you don’t have to agree
with every source you use—in fact, exploring where your findings diverge from a source’s findings
can be a strong point in your literature review and your research as a whole. Once you’ve read your
sources and you understand their themes, patterns, and connections to each other, it’s time to
organize your strategy for writing about how you’ve used them in your research by creating an
outline. However, while men express less emotion and nonverbal communication, this may not
necessarily. As somebody who has knowledge in that field, they are able to guide you to where the
gaps are for investigation. This link opens in a new window Contact a Librarian Ask a Librarian
Definition: A literature review is a systematic examination and synthesis of existing scholarly
research on a specific topic or subject. Recharge Your Resume and Boost Your Chances Fresh Grads.
Convey it to your reader A literature review may not have a traditional thesis statement (one that
makes an argument), but you do need to tell readers what to expect. Irrelevant References: Including
references that are no longer relevant and outdated.
Review the abstracts of research studies carefully. Or, does is merely add more of the same thing
being said. For instance, a thematic review of material on sperm whales might examine how they are
portrayed as “evil” in cultural documents. In contrast, a bibliography, is a list of everything you used
or cited in your research proposal, with additional citations to any key sources relevant to
understanding the research problem. Qualitative versus quantitative research Empirical versus
theoretical scholarship Divide the research by sociological, historical, or cultural sources Theoretical:
In many humanities articles, the literature review is the foundation for the theoretical framework.
While demonstrating the continuity of knowledge, the literature review also identifies areas that
demand more inquiry and serves as a starting point for future research. In the fields of health
sciences and medical informatics, reviews that focus on examining the range, nature and evolution of
a topic area are described by Anderson, Allen, Peckham, and Goodwin (2008) as mapping reviews.
What you include in each depends on the objective of your literature review. A good literature
review doesn't just summarise sources - it analyses, synthesises, and critically evaluates to give a
clear picture of the state of knowledge on the subject. As described in Chapter 5, the literature
review provides the background to your study and demonstrates the significance of the proposed
research. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. However,
progression of time may still be an important factor in a thematic review. Like any other academic
text, your literature review should have an introduction, a main body, and a conclusion. Related
items that provide additional information, but that are not key to understanding the research
problem, can be included in a list of further readings. If the literature review is part of your research,
you should highlight voids and show how past studies lead to your own study project as well as
your selected methodology. The Research Proposal 83 Components of the Literature Review
Krathwohl (2005) suggests and describes a variety of components to include in a research proposal.
Popular Publications Qualitative Methods Quantitative Methods Insiderness Using Non-Textual
Elements Limitations of the Study Common Grammar Mistakes Writing Concisely Avoiding
Plagiarism Footnotes or Endnotes. This variation in interpretation can, of course, wreak havoc on
how your study is understood. For example, what might cultural anthropologists say about the
continuing conflict in the Middle East. However, when writing a review in the social sciences, a
survey of the history of the literature may be required. For example, if you are writing for academics
or researchers who are familiar with the existing body of work on your topic, you may only need to
provide a traditional literature review that sums up what has been previously published. Through your
literature review, you’ll show what gaps exist in the current body of knowledge, and then your study
will then attempt to fill (or contribute towards filling) one of those gaps. Interactive tools for
Meaningful Whole-Class Engagement Interactive tools for Meaningful Whole-Class Engagement
Fresh Grads. Carefully edit to ensure logical argument flow and concise writing. Our experts know
the sequence in which the hypothesis topic is followed by the broad subject, the issue, and the
background. As you conduct your research, take note of the themes present in them and ask
questions. Consider using transition phrases like the following, or borrow phrasing that you like from
other articles. (It's not plagiarism to use common phrases.). If you are writing a systematic review,
you can find useful information in. Notice that Falk and Mills do quote certain terms that were
coined by the author, not common knowledge, or taken directly from the study. Exit Essay - Save
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Burrell.pptx Writing A Literature Review: A Quick Guide 1.
In other words, a complete understanding the research problem requires you to deliberately examine
how knowledge and perspectives have changed over time. You can use our free APA Reference
Generator for quick, correct, consistent citations. In the preceding example, Falk and Mills either
directly refer in the text to the author of their source, such as Hamilton, or they provide ample
notation in the text when the ideas they are mentioning are not their own, for example, Gastil’s. The
thesis may focus on an analysis of one of the elements of fiction drama poetry or nonfiction as
expressed in the work. The following sections present these components in a suggested template for
you to follow in the preparation of your research proposal. How to Write a Literature Review: Six
Steps to Get You from. Sheppard and Williams (2016) had not discovered these individual factors in
their original literature review on community and environmental resilience. University of West
Florida is one university that publishes literature review examples online. And a review does not
necessarily mean that your reader wants you to give your personal opinion on whether or not you
liked these sources. While the study focuses on one topic, the Internet’s impact on American
presidential politics, it would still be organized chronologically reflecting technological
developments in media. It is not only about giving out a synopsis of existing information but also
recording your interpretation of the same. Thematic Organization Group related studies by themes
rather than chronology. LexiVibe: Virtual Reality-based Vocabulary Learning Environment for
Visually. Attempt to write a simple statement that informs the reader what your central organizing
principle is. A literature review is an integrated analysis -- not just a summary-- of scholarly writings
and other relevant evidence related directly to your research question. Having said that, we realize
that the methodological rigour of any review — be it qualitative, quantitative or mixed — is a
critical aspect that should be considered seriously by prospective authors. This may include looking
to research outside your field. Instantly correct all language mistakes in your text Literature Review:
The What, Why and How-to Guide As a piece of writing, the literature review must be defined by a
guiding concept (e.g., your research objective, the problem or issue you are discussing, or your
argumentative thesis). Also unlike a research report a literature review is not organized. For example,
if you are writing for academics or researchers who are familiar with the existing body of work on
your topic, you may only need to provide a traditional literature review that sums up what has been
previously published. This involves identifying and discussing the key concepts, ideas and theories
that are relevant to your research. Incoherent: Writing a review that’s absolutely incoherent and lack
of flow in your arguments. When writing a literature review, it is important to use a variety of
sources. Use the key words in your question, as well as synonyms for those words, as terms in your
search. There are many resources that offer step-by-step guidance for writing a literature review, and
you can find some of them under Other Resources in the menu to the left. For an overview of
Mendeley, have a look at the video below. An outline for a literature review would also help you in
making sure everything in your topic is already covered and all questions which you posed in your
introduction is already covered before you finally proceed to the conclusion for your literature
review. Essentially, this section should only be one or two paragraphs in length. Professional Practice
Dissertation: A Guide for Doctoral. In other words, a literature review is a synthesis (more on
synthesis below) of many articles and other published materials on a certain research topic.
A literature review is a survey of scholarly sources on a specific topic. Or it might trace the
intellectual progression of the field, including major debates. To identify the most important
publications on your topic, take note of recurring citations. If you are stuck on how to organize your
concepts, note how the publications most related to your project handled the literature review.
Synthesize Information Connect the dots between different studies. Create and publish a detailed a
priori protocol outlining planned searching, screening, data extraction, critical appraisal, and synthesis
methods. Writing teachers often say synthesis is like hosting a dinner party: imagine all your sources
are together in a room, discussing your topic. Argumentative Review This form examines literature
selectively in order to support or refute an argument, deeply embedded assumption, or philosophical
problem already established in the literature. It can also help you to avoid duplicating work that has
already been done by other researchers. Or it might trace the intellectual progression of the field,
including major debates. Your university might also have a resources page of literature review
examples you can read. Realist reviews have no particular preference for either quantitative or
qualitative evidence. Publications Account settings Browse Titles NCBI Bookshelf. As a result, it
establishes the author’s experience in the topic and offers legitimacy to carry forward the wisdom of
the field through scientific and methodical techniques. Once you’ve decided on the organizational
method for the body of the review, the sections you need to include in the paper should be easy to
figure out. More often than not, different interpretations on the same subject might change your
perspective towards the same. Wardrip-Fruin dan Montfort (2003) menyatakan bahawa golongan.
Step 3: Identify Connections Synthesize information from selected sources, identifying common
themes, patterns, and trends. If it’s your first time writing a literature review, you definitely want to
use this link to get 50% off the course (limited-time offer). Simply put, your task here is to present a
synthesis of what’s been done (and found) within the empirical research, so that you can clearly
assess the current state of knowledge and identify potential research gaps, which leads us to our
third essential ingredient. In this way, the bibliography is the window to the author and the paper. In
the course, we walk you through the full process of developing a literature review, step by step.
Assess the methodology, findings, and limitations of each study to showcase your analytical skills. A
literature review may be a stand alone work or the introduction to a larger research paper, depending
on the assignment. Tips for writing the research design and methods section: Specify the
methodological approaches you intend to employ to obtain information and the techniques you will
use to analyze the data. An outline for a literature review would also help you in making sure
everything in your topic is already covered and all questions which you posed in your introduction is
already covered before you finally proceed to the conclusion for your literature review. The body of
literature includes all studies that address related or identical hypotheses or research problems. A
well-done integrative review meets the same standards as primary research in regard to clarity, rigor,
and replication. How does the publication relate to other literature in the field. In other words, your
theoretical framework should reveal some insights about what answers you might expect to find to
your research questions. As explained above, systematic reviews seek to identify causation.
Writing the Literature Review: A Practical Guide suggests these steps: Chose a review topic and
develop a research question Locate and organize research sources Select, analyze and annotate
sources Evaluate research articles and other documents Structure and organize the literature review
Develop arguments and supporting claims Synthesize and interpret the literature Put it all together
What is the purpose of writing a literature review. Definition: A literature review is a systematic
examination and synthesis of existing scholarly research on a specific topic or subject. If you’d like
to learn more, take advantage of the limited-time offer (60% off the standard price). Describe the
relationship of each work to the others under consideration. A literature review may be a stand alone
work or the introduction to a larger research paper, depending on the assignment. And a review does
not necessarily mean that your reader wants you to give your personal opinion on whether or not you
liked these sources. Some short quotes here and there are okay, though, if you want to emphasize a
point, or if what the author said just cannot be rewritten in your own words. In other words, you
want to connect the dots between the different “things” of interest that you’ll be exploring in your
study. When you are assigned a literature review, you should always read the entire work before
writing your review. Take notes and cite your sources As you read, you should also begin the writing
process. Finally, average impact scores increased over time with two notable growth periods.
Thematic: If you have found some recurring central themes that you will continue working with
throughout your piece, you can organize your literature review into subsections that address different
aspects of the topic. It can be helpful to make an annotated bibliography, where you compile full
reference information and write a paragraph of summary and analysis for each source. There is no
preconceived plan to systematically review all of the literature although this can be done. Next four
paragraphs described the contents and purpose of each section of the thesis. The content will look
slightly different in each case, but the process of conducting a literature review follows the same
steps. Let's take a closer look at each of these. 1: The Introduction Section Just like any good
introduction, the introduction section of your literature review should introduce the purpose and
layout (organisation) of the chapter. You should be able to answer it based only on a review of
existing publications. In nearly all cases, literature reviews are written in the third person. To this
end, they conducted a comprehensive search on multiple databases using highly sensitive search
strategies without language or publication-type restrictions to identify all rct s that are eligible for
inclusion. Use the key words in your question, as well as synonyms for those words, as terms in your
search. You can also review the indexes of books to find references to specific issues that can serve
as the focus of your research. What other sections you include in the body is up to you. Doing a
literature review: Releasing the social science research imagination. The cask of amontillado literary
analysis essay business plan for medical transport business music and the brain research paper pdf.
Notice that Falk and Mills do quote certain terms that were coined by the author, not common
knowledge, or taken directly from the study. Be selective Select only the most important points in
each source to highlight in the review. For each source, consider the following: What's the Author
Trying to Do. Stop Bullying Yourself - Take Charge of Your Life Stop Bullying Yourself - Take
Charge of Your Life Embracing E-Learning: The Digital Footprints of University Students (Borneo
E. For the first two parts see Slaying the (literature review) beast: Part 1 and Slaying the (literature
review) beast: Part 2.