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Math Workbook Unit 02

This document provides an overview of a unit on linear equations and inequalities. Students will create and solve linear equations and inequalities represented through tables, graphs, and words. Key terms related to linear equations and inequalities are introduced. Embedded assessments are included to evaluate students' abilities to write and solve linear equations and inequalities using multiple representations.

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© © All Rights Reserved
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
43 views

Math Workbook Unit 02

This document provides an overview of a unit on linear equations and inequalities. Students will create and solve linear equations and inequalities represented through tables, graphs, and words. Key terms related to linear equations and inequalities are introduced. Embedded assessments are included to evaluate students' abilities to write and solve linear equations and inequalities using multiple representations.

Uploaded by

spcwti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Expressions

and Equations 2
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
Unit Overview
In this unit, you will create and solve linear equations and Why is it important to
inequalities from tables, graphs, and verbal descriptions. You will understand how to solve
represent equations and inequalities on number lines. linear equations and
inequalities?
Key Terms How can graphs be used to
As you study this unit, add these and other terms to your math interpret solutions of
notebook. Include in your notes your prior knowledge of each real-world problems?
word, as well as your experiences in using the word in different
mathematical examples. If needed, ask for help in pronouncing
new words and add information on pronunciation to your math
notebook. It is important that you learn new terms and use them
EMBEDDED ASSESSMENTS
correctly in your class discussions and in your problem solutions.
These assessments, following
Academic Vocabulary activities 6 and 7, will give you an
• palindrome opportunity to demonstrate how you
• media will use multiple representations to
write and solve linear equations and
Math Terms inequalities.
• property • numerical expression
© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

Embedded Assessment 1:
• numerical statement • variable Writing and Solving
• algebraic expression • algebraic statement Equations p. 65
• coefficient • constant Embedded Assessment 2:
• equation
Solving Inequalities p. 75

49
UNIT 2

Getting Ready
Write your answers on notebook paper. 3. Give 3 examples of integers which are
Show your work. a. greater than −2
b. less than or equal to 1
1. A car travels 50 miles per hour.
a. Complete the table below to show the 4. Tell 3 numbers that are less than 2 and
total distance traveled for each time greater than −1.
given. 5. Evaluate each of the following
Number of hours Total distance a. 23 b. 32 c. 3 + 4 × 2 d. 2 × 3 + 4
that have passed traveled
6. Write an algebraic expression to represent
1
each of the following.
2 a. a number increased by 7
3 b. 8 times a number
b. Plot the data from the table. c. 6 less than 3 times a number
c. If the car has traveled n hours, write 7. Two measures of two angles of a triangle are
an expression for the total distance 68° and 70°. Explain how to find the
traveled. measure of the third angle.
d. How far has the car traveled after
8. The Harris family is planning to buy a new
10 hours? Explain how you
46-inch HDTV that costs $488. Mr. and Mrs.
determined your answer.
Harris will pay $200 and their three sons will
2. Solve each equation below. split the remaining cost equally. Explain how
a. 3x = 12 to find the amount each of the boys will pay.
b. x + 5 = −4
c. 2x − 5 = 7

© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

50 Unit 2 • Expressions and Equations


Properties of Operations ACTIVITY 5
What’s in a Name?
Lesson 5-1 Applying Properties of Operations
My Notes
Learning Targets:
• Identify properties of operations.
• Apply properties of operations to simplify linear expressions.
SUGGESTED LEARNING STRATEGIES: Look for a Pattern, Work
Backward, Think-Pair-Share, Note Taking, Sharing and Responding
Words and numbers that have the property of being read the same
ACADEMIC VOCABULARY
forward and backward are called palindromes. The names Hannah and
Otto are two examples of names that are palindromes. A palindrome is a word, phrase, or
sequence that reads the same
1. What other names or words do you know that are palindromes? backward or forward.

Numbers and operations have interesting properties as well.


2. Determine if each statement below is true or false.
a. 3 + 5 = 5 + 3 ⋅
b. 3 5 = 5 3 ⋅
c. 2 + (−2) = 0 d. 10 ÷ 2 = 2 ÷ 10
e. 6 − 3 = 3 − 6 ⋅
f. 2(5 3) = (2 5)3⋅
g. 5 + 0 = 0 ()
h. 2 1 = 0
2
i. 2 + (4 + 5) = (2 + 4) + 5 ⋅
j. 1 3 = 3
3. Which of the true statements above are similar to a palindrome?

Some properties of operations are listed below. As you share ideas about
the information given in the table and throughout this lesson, ask your MATH TERMS
group members or your teacher for clarification of any language, terms, A property is a rule or statement
or concepts that you do not understand. that is always true.
© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

A numerical expression is an
Property Example expression that contains numbers
Additive Identity Property 12 + 0 = 0 + 12 = 12 and operations. For example, 12 + 0
Multiplicative Identity Property 5×1=1×5=5 and (10 × 5) × 3 expression that
contains numbers and operations.
Commutative Property of 7+3=3+7
A numerical statement is an
Addition
equation that sets two numerical
Commutative Property of 20 × 4 = 4 × 20 expressions equal. For example,
Multiplication 20 × 4 = 4 × 20.
Associative Property of (9 + 4) + 17 = 9 + (4 + 17)
Addition
Associative Property of (10 × 5) × 3 = 10 × (5 × 3)
Multiplication
Additive Inverse Property 6 + (−6) = 0
Multiplicative Inverse Property
4 ()
4 1 =1

Activity 5 • Properties of Operations 51


ACTIVITY 5 Lesson 5-1
continued Applying Properties of Operations

My Notes
4. Reason abstractly. The first seven properties listed in the table on
the previous page are true for all numbers. The Multiplicative Inverse
Property is true for all numbers except 0. Why does 0 not have a
multiplicative inverse?

5. Reason abstractly. Do the commutative and associative properties


apply for the operations of subtraction and division? Justify your
response with numeric examples.

6. The number 0 is called the additive identity element because when


you add 0 to a given number, the identical given number is the result.
Explain why 0 is not the multiplicative identity element.

7. A hiker walked 2.75 miles directly east and then walked 2.75 miles
directly west. Use the Additive Inverse Property to explain why he
ends up back where he started.

You can illustrate the properties using algebraic expressions and equations.

Example A
Write an algebraic statement of the Commutative Property of
VOCABULARY MATH TERMS Multiplication.
A variable is a letter used in place Step 1: Choose a variable to represent the first number.

© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.


of a number. Let a = the first number
Step 2: Choose a variable to represent the second number.
Let b = the second number
Step 3: Write an algebraic statement of the property.
MATH TERMS

a b=b a ⋅
An algebraic expression is an Solution: An algebraic statement of the Commutative Property of
expression that contains one or
more variables, such as 4a + 7.

Multiplication is a b = b a ⋅
An algebraic statement is an Try These A
equation or inequality that
contains variables, such as State the property illustrated by each algebraic statement.
(a + b) + c = a + (b + c). a. a + b = b + a
⋅ ⋅
b. a (b c) = (a b) c⋅ ⋅

c. a 1 = a
d. a + 0 = a
e. a 1 = 1; a ≠ 0
a

52 Unit 2 • Expressions and Equations


Lesson 5-1 ACTIVITY 5
Applying Properties of Operations continued

My Notes
Check Your Understanding

8. Explain how you can use properties of operations as strategies to


evaluate each expression using mental math. Then evaluate the
expression.
a. 0.6 + 12.7 + 1.4 + 2.3
b. 4.5 + 3.9 + (−0.5) + (−4)
c. 8 3 − 9 1 + 1 2
5 2 5
d. 4 85 + 6 78 − 3 85

9. Name the property of operations illustrated by each statement.



a. x 4y = 4x y ⋅

b. 100 1 = 100

c. x(3 2x) = (x 3) 2x⋅ ⋅
d. 3 + (−3) = 0
( )
e. −8 − 1 = 1
8

LESSON 5-1 PRACTICE


10. What is the value of n in (17 × 25) × 4 = n × (25 × 4)?
11. Name the property of operations illustrated by each statement.
a. 11.1 + 0 = 11.1
b. 6(2.7 + 4) = 6(4 + 2.7)

( ⋅ )⋅
c. 1 3 1 2 = 1 331122
2 3 2 ⋅( ( ⋅ ) )
33
© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

d. 18 + (−18) = 0
12. Write an algebraic statement to illustrate each of the following
properties. Use x, y, and z to represent the numbers.
a. Multiplicative Identity Property
b. Associative Property of Addition
c. Commutative Property of Multiplication
d. Additive Inverse Property
e. Additive Identity Property
f. Multiplicative Inverse Property
g. Commutative Property of Addition
h. Associative Property of Multiplication

Activity 5 • Properties of Operations 53


ACTIVITY 5 Lesson 5-2
continued Applying Properties to Factor and Expand

My Notes
Learning Targets:
• Apply properties to factor and expand linear expressions.
• Rewrite expressions to see how the problem and quantities are related.

DISCUSSION GROUP TIPS SUGGESTED LEARNING STRATEGIES: Look for a Pattern,


Interactive Word Wall, Summarizeing, Think-Pair-Share, Quickwrite
The word factor when used as a
verb means to write a number or The Distributive Property can be used to expand or factor an expression.
expression as a product of its
factors. Distributive Property of Multiplication over Addition:
The word factor when used as a • To expand an expression:
noun means any of the numbers a(b + c) = ab + ac or (b + c)a = ba + ca
that are multiplied together to
form a product. • To factor an expression:
ab + ac = a(b + c) or ba + ca = (b + c)a
As you work through this lesson
with your partner or group, look Distributive Property of Multiplication over Subtraction:
for and identify both uses of factor.
• To expand an expression:
a(b − c) = ab − ac or (b − c)a = ba − ca
• To factor an expression:
ab − ac = a(b − c) or ba − ca = (b − c)a

WRITING MATH Example A


A multiplication expression can be Use the Distributive Property to expand 5(x + 2).

written in two ways: 5 n or 5n. Step 1: Multiply 5 by the terms in the parentheses.


5(x + 2) = 5 x + 5 2 ⋅
Step 2: Simplify.
⋅ ⋅

© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.


5 x + 5 2 = 5x + 10
Solution: In expanded form, 5(x + 2) = 5x + 10.

Try These A
Use the Distributive Property to expand each expression.
a. 4(6 − 2) b. 7(2 + 5)
c. 6(a + 7) d. 3(4 − b)

54 Unit 2 • Expressions and Equations


Lesson 5-2 ACTIVITY 5
Applying Properties to Factor and Expand continued

My Notes
Example B
Use the Distributive Property to factor 12x − 18.
Step 1: Determine the greatest common factor of each term.
12x − 18
The greatest common factor of 12x and 18 is 6.
Step 2: Divide by the common factor.
12 x − 18
6 6
Divide both terms by 6.
Step 3: The greatest common factor, 6, is factored out of the terms
and is shown outside the parentheses with the quotients of
the division inside the parentheses.
Rewrite using parentheses.
6(2x − 3)
Solution: In factored form, 12x − 18 = 6(2x − 3).

Try These B
Use the Distributive Property to factor each expression.
a. 12 + 10 b. 18 − 6
c. 6x + 3y d. 2a − 10
e. 5x + 5 f. 12r − 24

Equivalent expressions are two or more expressions that may look


different, but represent the same quantity or have equal values when
evaluated. The expression 2x + 4x and the expression 6x are equivalent
expressions.
© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

Example C
Use the Distributive Property to simplify 5a + 3a.

Factor the expression using the distributive property.


5a + 3a = (5 + 3)a = 8a
Solution: The expression 5a + 3a can be simplified to 8a.

Try These C
Use the Distributive Property to simplify each expression.
a. 6x + 9x b. 5b − 2b
c. 12d − 8d d. 3h + (−7h)

Activity 5 • Properties of Operations 55


ACTIVITY 5 Lesson 5-2
continued Applying Properties to Factor and Expand

My Notes
1. Write an equivalent expression for 3(y − 6) + 4.
2. Construct viable arguments. Izzi thinks the two expressions
MATH TIP
2(2a − 1) + 3a and 7a − 2 are equivalent. His work is shown below.
The order of operations is a set of Is he correct? Why or why not? List the properties of operations and
rules for evaluating expressions the order of operations next to each step to justify your response.
with more than one operation. The 2(2a − 1) + 3a
order is as follows:
4a − 2 + 3a
1. Do calculations inside grouping 4a + 3a − 2
symbols first, beginning with (4 + 3) a − 2
the innermost set.
7a − 2
2. Evaluate expressions with
3. Naman and Ada disagree about how to find an equivalent expression
exponents.
for 2(4x − 3) + 6. Who is correct? How do you know? Use properties
3. Multiply or divide from left to of operations and the order of operations to justify your response.
right.
Naman Ada
4. Add or subtract from left to
right. 2(4x − 3) + 6 2(4x − 3) + 6
6 + 2(4x − 3) 8x − 6 + 6
8(4x − 3) 8x + 0
32x − 24 8x
Rewriting an expression in a different form can show how quantities are
MATH TIP related.
Remember that percent means
hundredths, so
85% = 85 = 0.85 and Example D
100
Use the Distributive Property to show that increasing an amount
7% = 7 = 0.07.
100 by 8% is the same as multiplying the amount by 1.08.
Step 1: Choose an amount.

© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.


50
Step 2: Add to show the original amount plus the 8% increase.
50 + 50(0.08) = 50 + 4 = 54
Step 3: Find the common factor of 50 and 50(0.08)
The common factor of 50 + 50(0.08) is 50.
Step 4: Use the Distributive Property to rewrite 50 + 50(0.08).
50 + 50(0.08) = 50(1 + 0.08) = 50 + 4 = 54
Solution: Increasing an amount by 8% is the same as multiplying the
amount by (1 + 0.08) or 1.08.

56 Unit 2 • Expressions and Equations


Lesson 5-2 ACTIVITY 5
Applying Properties to Factor and Expand continued

My Notes
Try These D
a. Louisa wants to buy an online movie subscription that is on sale for
15% off. She writes the expression c − 0.15c to represent the cost of
the subscription. Rewrite this expression in a different form to show
what percent of the original price she will pay for the online movie
subscription. Then compare your expression with Louisa’s. How are
the expressions related? What does each expression tell you about
the problem situation?
b. The Rumpart family is building a new room onto their house. The
width of the new room will be 16 feet. The length of the room will
be 4% greater than the width. Write an expression to find the length
of the new room. What will be the area of this new room?

Check Your Understanding

4. Use the Distributive Property to write an equivalent expression for


each of the following.
a. (q − 6)7 b. 3(11 + 5x)
c. 4x − 16 d. (24 + 6x)
5. The length of a rectangle is three times its width. One way to write
an expression to find the perimeter would be w + w + 3w + 3w.
Write the expression in two other different ways.

3w
© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

LESSON 5-2 PRACTICE


6. Constructing viable arguments. Explain how a(b + c) can be
rewritten as (b + c)a and as ba + ca.
7. Use the Distributive Property to write an equivalent expression for
each of the following.
a. 4(x − 3) b. 12x + 24y
c. 9 − 9z d. (7y − 1)8
8. The expression x − 0.10x gives the cost of an item that is discounted
10%. Write this expression another way.

Activity 5 • Properties of Operations 57


ACTIVITY 5 Properties of Operations
continued What’s in a Name?

ACTIVITY 5 PRACTICE 16. Which expression is equivalent to


Write your answers on notebook paper. 2a + 13 − 0 + 65b?
Show your work. A. 2a + 13 − 65b
B. 2a + 65b + 13
Lesson 5-1

C. (2a + 13) 65b
For 1–4, name the property of operations D. 67ab + 13
illustrated by each statement.
For 17–19, completely factor each expression.

1. 4 1 = 4
17. 2x + 12
2. 3(xy + z) = (xy + z)3
18. 24 + 8y − 16w
3. 7b + 0 = 7b
19. 14 − 8m
4. 9x + 3y + 4x = 9x + 4x + 3y
20. Laura is paying 1.07x including tax for a
For 5–8 , complete each statement. Then state the sweater that costs x before tax. Write this
property or properties illustrated by the statement. expression in another way to show the amount
5. 23 + = 23 of tax Laura is paying.

6. ⋅ (−5x) = 1 21. The length of a rectangle is twice its width.


Write two equivalent expressions for the
7. −15a + = 65 + (−15a) perimeter of the rectangle. Justify your
8. (8 ⋅ ⋅
) (−77) = −77 ( ⋅ ⋅ 8) response using properties of operations and
the order of operations.
For 9–12, write an algebraic statement that
22. Show how you can use properties of operations
illustrates each property.
as strategies to evaluate each expression using
9. Associative Property of Addition mental math. Then evaluate the expression.
10. Commutative Property of Multiplication A. 0.2 + 7.9 + 3.8 + 1.1
B. −5.6 + 5 + 4.6 + 1
11. Additive Identity Property
C. 3 1 − 4 3 + 1 5
12. Multiplicative Inverse Property 6 4 6

© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.


1 + 3 1 −1 1
D. 2 12 6 12
Lesson 5-2
MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES
For 13–15, write an algebraic statement that Reason Abstractly and Quantitatively
illustrates each property.
23. Nick is buying a birthday present for a friend.
13. Distributive Property of Multiplication over The gift is on sale for 40% off. He has a coupon
Addition for an additional 20% off the sale price. Write
14. Distributive Property of Multiplication over an expression to represent the cost of the gift.
Subtraction Then write your expression in another form to
15. In which properties are more than one show what percent of the original price Nick
operation used? Include an example in your will pay for his gift.
response.

58 Unit 2 • Expressions and Equations


Writing and Solving Equations ACTIVITY 6
Melody’s Music Solution
Lesson 6-1 Modeling and Writing Two-Step Equations
My Notes
Learning Targets:
• Use variables to represent quantities in real-world problems.
• Write two-step equations to represent real-world problems.
SUGGESTED LEARNING STRATEGIES: Shared Reading, Create
Representations, Look for a Pattern, Guess and Check
Melody has a new job recording for the All-Time Favorites record label.
She is paid a monthly base salary of $4,850 plus $3 for each CD sold.
1. Complete the table below to show the monthly income
for Melody.

Number of Expression Used to Melody’s Income


CDs Sold Find Melody’s Income
0 4,850 + 3(0) 4,850
1 4,850 + 3(1) 4,853
2 4,850 + 3(2)
3
4
5

2. Describe any patterns you notice in the columns of the table.

3. Reason abstractly. Let n represent the number of CDs sold. Write


an expression to represent Melody’s income.
© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

In any expression, the number the variable is being multiplied by is the


coefficient , and the constant is a term that does not contain a variable.
Coefficient Constant

3n + 6

Activity 6 • Writing and Solving Equations 59


ACTIVITY 6 Lesson 6-1
continued Modeling and Writing Two-Step Equations

My Notes
4. Use the expression you wrote for Melody’s income to complete the
table. Show your work.

Number of Expression Used to Melody’s Income


CDs Sold Find Melody’s Income
10
20
100

5. Assume Melody needs to make $6,000 this month to cover her


MATH TERMS expenses. Write an equation you could use to find the number of
An equation is a statement CDs that Melody needs to sell to meet her expenses.
showing that two expressions are
equal, such as 4 + 3 = 7. An
equation has an equal sign while
an expression does not.
Check Your Understanding

6. Melody has hired a new accountant. He has gathered her pay stubs
and is trying to determine how many CDs were sold during each
month of the previous year. Her pay stub for June indicates that she
made $4,889 in that month. Write an equation her accountant
could use to determine how many CDs were sold in June.
7. A photography studio charges a sitting fee of $50 and $10 per
enlargement ordered. Write an equation to represent the number
of enlargements ordered, n, if the total cost was $180.
8. Does it seem reasonable that 18 enlargements were ordered in
item 7? Explain.

© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.


LESSON 6-1 PRACTICE
9. The members of a Tae Kwon Do class are ordering jackets. Each
jacket costs $35, and there is a one-time fee of $25 for the design.
Write an equation to represent the number of jackets, n, that were
ordered if the total cost is $620.
10. A stockbroker charges his customers $30 to open an account and
$15 per month to manage the account. Write an equation to represent the
number of months, n, an account has been open if the total cost is $360.
11. Reason abstractly. Lottie bought a new car for $25,000. She paid
$5,000 up front and then $600 per month. Write an equation to
represent the number of months, n, it will take Lottie to pay for her car.
12. Mrs. Carter baked 100 muffins for a bake sale. The muffins were sold
in packages of 2. There were 12 muffins left. Write an equation to find
how many customers bought muffins at the bake sale.

60 Unit 2 • Expressions and Equations


Lesson 6-2 ACTIVITY 6
Solving Two-Step Equations continued

My Notes
Learning Targets:
• Solve two-step equations.
• Solve real-world problems by writing an equation of the form
px + q = r.
SUGGESTED LEARNING STRATEGIES: Shared Reading, Marking the
Text, Work Backward, Note Taking, Self Revision/Peer Revision
Work with your group to answer all parts of item 1. As you discuss your
solutions, speak clearly and use precise mathematical language. Remember
to use complete sentences and words such as and, or, since, for example,
therefore, because of to make connections between your thoughts.
1. Melody’s friend Leena earns $15 per hour as a lab technician plus an
extra $300 per week for singing at a club on the weekend. MATH TIP
a. Write an equation to represent the number of hours, n, Leena Item 1 shows a problem solved
must work at the lab in a week to earn $720. algebraically using an equation
with a variable. This problem can
also be solved arithmetically. A
b. Which number from the set {26, 28, 30} is the number of hours possible arithmetic solution:
Leena must work? • Start with Leena’s total earnings:
$720.

c. How do you know that your answer to part b is correct?


• Subtract her singing earnings
($300) to find her lab technician
earnings: $720 − $300 = $420
• She earns $15 per hour, so divide
the lab technician earnings by
Example A $15 to find the hours she must
Melody needs to record a new CD. She decides she can spend as much work: $420 ÷ $15 = 28 hours.
as $8,000 on studio time. The studio charges $425 to reserve the space
© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

and $75 per hour. Solve the equation 75h + 425 = 8000 to find the
maximum number of hours Melody can afford to spend in the
recording studio.
Step 1: Write an equation to represent the problem.
75h + 425 = 8000 MATH TIP
Step 2: Use inverse operations. Subtract 425 from both sides. You can graph the solution of an
75h + 425 − 425 = 8000 − 425 equation that has one variable on
a number line. For the graph of the
Step 3: Simplify both sides of the equation. solution to Example A, the number
75h = 7575 line would have a dot at 101.
Step 4: Use inverse operations. Divide both sides by 75.
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
75h = 7575
75 75
Step 5: Simplify both sides of the equation.
1h = 101
Step 6: Use the Multiplicative Identity Property to isolate the variable.
h = 101
Solution: Melody can afford 101 hours of studio time.
Activity 6 • Writing and Solving Equations 61
ACTIVITY 6 Lesson 6-2
continued Solving Two-Step Equations

My Notes
Check the solution by substitution:
75(101) + 425 = 8000
7575 + 425 = 8000
8000 = 8000
The solution checks.

Try These A
Solve each equation below. Graph the solution to each equation on a
number line.
a. 12n + 6 = 78
b. 3x − 5 = 16
c. −8 = 2x + 4
d. 2y − 3 = −9

2. Red Cast Records pays a shipping company to ship CDs to retail


stores. The shipping company is paid $1,650 per shipment minus
$25 per hour for each hour the delivery arrives past the promised
delivery time. The last shipment was late, so Red Cast Records was
billed only $1,325.
a. Write an equation, using h to represent hours, that can be used to
determine how late the delivery was made.

b. Make use of structure. Use inverse operations to solve the


equation algebraically. Check your solution.

c. How late was the shipment?

© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.


So far, in this lesson and in the last lesson, you have written equations to
DISCUSSION GROUP TIPS represent problem situations expressed in words. It is also possible to
As you discuss ideas for your work backwards; that is, write a problem situation in words that represents
equations and presentations, make an equation.
notes and listen to what your group
3. Work with your group. Write a problem situation in words that
members have to contribute. Ask
represents each given equation. If you can, write situations that are
and answer questions to clearly aid
related to music. Discuss how you will present your equations to the
comprehension and to ensure
understanding of all group rest of the class. Remember to use words in your presentation that will
members’ ideas. help your classmates understand the situation.
a. 8d − 250 = 750

b. 12d + 400 = 1000

62 Unit 2 • Expressions and Equations


Lesson 6-2 ACTIVITY 6
Solving Two-Step Equations continued

My Notes
Check Your Understanding

4. Which of the following values makes the equation −9x +17 = 8


true?
A. −1 B. 0 C. 1 D. 3
5. a. A school reserved a banquet hall for the spring dance. In
addition to a $100 deposit, each couple must pay $20. If the total
cost of the banquet hall is $1,140, write and solve an equation to
find the number of couples attending the spring dance.
a. Solve the problem arithmetically. Show the steps you used.
b. Compare and contrast the steps you used to solve the problem
algebraically and arithmetically.
6. Mia said that 2 − 3a = 11 and 3a − 2 = 11 have the same solution.
Is she correct? Explain.
7. Solve each equation below algebraically.
a. 5x − 2 = 13
b. 2a + 7 = −11
c. 1 k + 3 = 6
4
d. 6 − 4a = −10
e. 15x = −15

LESSON 6-2 PRACTICE


8. Solve each equation below algebraically.
a. 6x − 11 = 19
b. 2 y + 3 = 29
3
© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

c. 8 − a = 17
9. Solve and then graph each solution on a number line.
a. 52 = 12 + 4w
b. −24 = −6p
10. The German Club is planning a ski trip. The club will pay $500
toward the trip from money they have earned selling candy, and each
member going on the trip will pay $115. If the trip costs $2,685, write
and solve an equation to find the number of club members going on
the trip.
11. Make use of structure. Explain the similarities and differences
between guess and check and the algebraic method for solving an
equation. Which method do you prefer? Why?
12. Write a problem in words that can represent this equation:
13x + 26 = 91

Activity 6 • Writing and Solving Equations 63


ACTIVITY 6 Writing and Solving Equations
continued Melody’s Music Solution

ACTIVITY 6 PRACTICE 9. Lacey and Chris solved the same equation, but
Write your answers on notebook paper. their solutions were different. Who is correct?
Show your work. Justify your response.
Lesson 6-1 Lacey Chris
20 + 8h = 180 20 + 8h = 180
1. Sam makes $400 per week plus $20
20 − 20 + 8h = 180 − 20 +20 +20
commission on each new cell phone plan she
8h = 160 8h = 200
sells. Write an equation to determine how
many new plans she sold to earn $680 last 8h = 160 8h = 200
8 8 8 8
week.
h = 20 h = 25
2. Eric has a dog-walking business. He charges
$13 per dog he walks and $6.00 for the water Jored and Sundai each want to buy a new HD movie
he buys for the dogs. If he made $97 on player. They go to Electronics Superstore and find a
Monday, write an equation to find the number HD movie player for $75.00. Electronics Superstore
of dogs he walked on Monday. offers different payment plans. Jored is going to pay
$15 now and then $7.50 per month. Sundai is going
3. In addition to dog walking, on Tuesday Eric to pay $12.50 per month.
made $45 dog sitting at one of his customer’s
homes. If he made $168 on Tuesday, write an 10. Write and solve an equation for each plan to
equation to find the number of dogs he walked show how many months it will take each
that day. person to pay the $75.00 for the HD movie
player.
4. Rena swims every day. She burns
approximately 10.6 calories per minute when 11. It will cost $285 to charter a bus for a class trip.
swimming and about 15 total calories warming The class treasurer says that there is $60 in the
up before she swims. Write an equation to find class treasury. The 20 students going on the
how many minutes Rena must swim to burn trip agree to make up the difference. Write and
205.8 calories. solve an equation to find how much each
student will pay.
5. A cell phone company charges $10 per month
for up to 500 text messages and $0.15 for each 12. A movie company sells DVDs on line. Each

© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.


additional text message. Stanley was charged DVD costs $9.95. No matter how many you
$14.50 last month for text messages. Write an order, the shipping charge is $3.59. Your most
equation to find the number of text messages recent order came to a total of $33.44.
he sent and received last month. a. Write and solve an equation to find how
many DVDs you ordered.
Lesson 6-2 b. Solve the problem arithmetically. Show the
6. Which of the following values makes the steps you used.
equation 4x − 8 = −4 true? c. Compare and contrast the steps you used to
A. −3 B. −1 solve the problem algebraically and
C. 1 D. 3 arithmetically.
7. Solve each equation below algebraically.
MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES
a. 3x + 2 = 26 b. 4c −18 = 6
Model with Mathematics
c. 6a − 2 = 10 d. −7x + 3 = 17
13. Jason is given the equation 3x − 12 = 36 to
8. Solve and graph the solution for each equation
solve. His first step is to divide each term by 3.
on a number line.
Do you think Jason’s method is a good one to
a. 3 + 4x = 11 b. 8a − 6 = 18
follow? Give an example to justify your answer.
c. 1 + 3 = 9 d. 17 = w − 4
2x
64 Unit 2 • Expressions and Equations
Writing and Solving Embedded Assessment 1
Equations Use after Activity 6
FUNDRAISING FUN

Write your answers on notebook paper. Show your work.


1. Semir, Sarah, and SungSo decided to raise money for a local
homeless shelter by working in a local deli. The deli agreed to donate
to the shelter a portion of the profits from each meal the three sold.
Semir sold 3 times as many meals as Sarah. SungSo sold 2 more
meals than Sarah.
a. Write an expression for the number of meals that each sold.
b. If Sarah sold 24 meals, how many meals did Semir and SungSo
each sell?
c. How many meals did the three sell in all? Explain how to use the
commutative property and the associative property of addition to
make finding the sum easier.

2. The three decided to participate in a walkathon to raise additional


money for the shelter. Sarah walked 5 miles less than twice the
number of miles that Semir walked. They each collected $18 in
pledges for every mile they walked.
a. Let n represent the number of miles Semir walked. Write an
expression for the number of miles Sarah walked and an
expression for the amount of money Sarah collected in pledges.
b. Write and solve an equation to find how many miles Semir walked
if Sarah collected $450 in pledges.
c. How many miles did Sarah walk?
d. SungSo also collected $18 in pledges for every mile he walked. In
addition, his grandmother gave him a $72 donation. He collected
the same amount of money as Sarah did. Write and solve an
equation to find the number of miles SungSo walked.
© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

3. Write a memo to the director of the shelter describing the total


donation the three friends are sending and how it was raised. Be sure
to include how much each student raised individually.

Unit 2 • Expressions and Equations 65


Embedded Assessment 1 Writing and Solving
Use after Activity 6 Equations
FUNDRAISING FUN

Scoring Exemplary Proficient Emerging Incomplete


Guide The solution demonstrates these characteristics:
Mathematics • A clear understanding of • A functional understanding • Partial understanding of • Little or no understanding
Knowledge and properties of operations. of properties of operations. properties of operations. of properties of operations.
Thinking • Effective understanding of • Writing and evaluating • Difficulty with writing and • Little or no understanding
(Items 1a-c, 2a-d) and accuracy in writing and expressions, and solving evaluating expressions and of writing and evaluating
evaluating expressions and equations that usually solving equations. expressions and solving
solving equations. result in correct answers. equations.
Problem Solving • An appropriate and • A strategy that may include • A strategy that results in • No clear strategy when
(Items 1c, 2b, 2d) efficient strategy that unnecessary steps but some incorrect answers. solving problems.
results in a correct answer. results in a correct answer.
Mathematical • Clear and accurate • Some difficulty in • Difficulty in writing • No understanding of
Modeling / representations of representing problems as expressions and equations representing problems as
Representations problems as expressions expressions and equations. leading to errors. expressions and equations.
(Items 1a, 2a-b, 2d) and equations.

Reasoning and • Precise use of appropriate • Adequate explanation of • Misleading or confusing • Incomplete or inaccurate
Communication math terms and language solutions to problems and explanation of solutions to explanation of solutions to
(Items 1c, 3) to explain solutions to the role of properties of problems and the role of problems and the role of
problems and the role of operations. properties of operations. properties of operations.
properties of operations.

© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

66 SpringBoard® Mathematics with Meaning™ Level 2


Solving and Graphing Inequalities ACTIVITY 7
It Plays to Save
Lesson 7-1 Modeling and Writing Two-Step Inequalities
My Notes
Learning Targets:
• Represent quantities in a real-world problem.
• Construct two-step inequalities to solve problems.
SUGGESTED LEARNING STRATEGIES: Shared Reading, Marking
the Text, Summarizing, Create Representations, Work Backward
Kerry’s grandmother, Mrs. Reynoso, is helping Kerry pay for guitar
lessons. She has set up a special savings account to pay for the lessons. On
the first of each month, the $40 monthly fee for guitar lessons is withdrawn
from the account.
1. Grandmother Reynoso started the account with $300. Record the
monthly balance in the account in the table.

Month Balance
0 $300
1
2
3
4

2. Write an expression for the amount of money in Kerry’s guitar lesson


account. Let x equal the number of months since Mrs. Reynoso
deposited the initial $300.

3. Write an equation to determine when the account balance will be


$100.
© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

The bank will close the account if the balance falls below $50. To keep the
account open, the balance must be greater than or equal to $50.
4. Write an inequality to represent this situation.

5. Use the pattern in the table to find the last month the balance is $50
or greater.

Activity 7 • Solving and Graphing Inequalities 67


ACTIVITY 7 Lesson 7-1
continued Modeling and Writing Two-Step Inequalities

My Notes
Inequalities can be used to represent many situations.
6. Think of a real life situation in which you might use terms such as
more than, less than, no more than, or no less than.

–3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3

7. a. Write the inequality represented by the graph above.

b. Create a problem situation that could be represented by the graph


above.

8. Arianna’s mom deposits $80 in her lunch money account. Lunch


costs $2.50 per day. Define a variable and write an inequality to
represent when there will be less than $20 left in Arianna’s lunch
account.

9. Michelle babysits on weekends in her neighborhood. She charges


$10 for transportation and $15 for each hour she babysits. At her
last babysitting job she earned less than $60. Write an inequality
to represent this situation.

10. Bailey can put x houses of his holiday miniature village on each of
7 shelves. He also has 10 houses displayed on his buffet. If he wants
to display at least 45 of his houses, how many houses must he put on
each of the 7 shelves? Write an inequality to represent this situation.

So far in this lesson, you have written inequalities to represent problem


DISCUSSION GROUP TIPS

© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.


situations expressed in words. It is also possible work backwards; that is,
As you discuss ideas for your write a problem situation in words that represents an inequality.
equations and presentations, make
11. Work with your group. Write a problem situation in words that
notes and listen to what your
group members have to represents each given inequality. Remember to use real-life
contribute. Ask and answer situations. Discuss how you will present your inequalities to the
questions to clearly aid rest of the class. Remember to use words in your presentation that
comprehension and to ensure will help your classmates understand the situation.
understanding of all group a. 5x + 15 ≥ 100
members’ ideas.

b. 280 − 4m < 8

68 Unit 2 • Expressions and Equations


Lesson 7-1 ACTIVITY 7
Modeling and Writing Two-Step Inequalities continued

My Notes
Check Your Understanding

12. Write an inequality for each situation.


a. Yiska has 56 photographs left to scan. If she can scan 6 more
photographs per minute, in how many minutes will she have less
than 20 left to scan?
b. Erin has a $450 gift card from a clothing store. She has spent a
total of $28 so far. She wants to buy barrettes for $2.95 each.
How many barrettes can she buy without going over the limit of
the card?
13. What words in a real-world problem indicate that it will be
represented by an inequality rather than by an equation? Explain.

LESSON 7-1 PRACTICE


14. Model with mathematics. Write an inequality for each situation.
a. A cold wave hit Chicago when the temperature hit 62°F. During
the cold wave, the temperature dropped 2 degrees every hour.
How many hours was it before the temperature was below 40°F?
b. Miranda is packing eggs in cartons. Each carton holds 12 eggs.
She has already filled 3 cartons. How many more eggs does she
need to fill at least 17 cartons?
c. Six more than three times a number is less than or equal to 96.
d. Five less than half the distance from Jerod’s home to the mall is
more than 6 miles.
e. The length of a rectangle is 4 more than twice the width. If the
length is less than 62, find the width.
© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

f. Miranda is buying pencils and a writing pad for her adult writing
class. The writing pad she wants costs $3.50, and each pencil is
$0.15. She wants to spend no more than $5 in total for these items.
15. Write a problem situation for this inequality:
72 − 12a < 24

Activity 7 • Solving and Graphing Inequalities 69


ACTIVITY 7 Lesson 7-2
continued Solving Two-Step Inequalities

My Notes
Learning Targets:
• Solve two-step inequalities.
• Construct two-step inequalities to solve problems.
SUGGESTED LEARNING STRATEGIES: Think Aloud, Marking the
Text, Summarizing, Create Representations, Think-Pair-Share
Consider the set {5, 7, 9} and the inequality 6x − 8 < 46.
1. Without solving the inequality, how can you determine which
numbers from the set are solutions of the inequality?

2. Which numbers from the set are solutions?

3. Is 9 a solution? Why or why not?

Solving two-step inequalities is much like solving two-step equations. Use


inverse operations to solve each of the following inequalities.
4. 2x − 10 < 80 5. 5x − 8 + 7x > 40

6. 7(x − 11) ≤ 100 7. 5x + 8.5 ≥ − 10.3

There is one important difference, however, between solving equations


and solving inequalities. The experiment below will help you discover this
difference.
8. a. Work with a partner. Cut out the positive and negative number

© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.


cards from the sheet your teacher will given you and stack the
cards face down on your desk.
b. Draw 2 cards. Write an inequality to represent the relationship
between the numbers in the table below.
c. Draw a third card. Multiply both sides of the inequality by the
number indicated on this card. Record the result in the table. Is
the result a true statement? If not, what can be done to make it a
true statement?

Inequality Multiply Inequality True Correction,


Using First on Both After or If
Two Numbers Sides By: Multiplication False Necessary
−3 < 5 −2 6 < −10 False 6 > −10

70 Unit 2 • Expressions and Equations


Lesson 7-2 ACTIVITY 7
Solving Two-Step Inequalities continued

My Notes
d. Based on your results and those of your classmates, what happens
in an inequality when both sides of the inequality are multiplied
by a negative number? What do you believe will happen when
both sides of the inequality are divided by a negative number?

To solve a two-step inequality you isolate the variable just as you did
when solving an equation. Remember to switch the inequality sign if you
multiply or divide by a negative number.

Example A
Solve 30 − 4x ≥ 5 and graph the solution on a number line.
Step 1: Original inequality 30 − 4x ≥ 5
Step 2: Subtract 30 from both sides. 30 − 30 − 4x ≥ 5 − 30
−4x ≥ −25
Step 3: Divide by −4 and reverse −4 x ≤ −25
the inequality. −4 −4

Solution: x ≤ 6.25. The inequality symbol means less than or equal to,
so 6.25 is part of the solution. This is shown by a filled-in
circle on 6.25 on the graph of the solution.

–4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Example B
MATH TIP
Solve 2x − 50 < −70 and graph the solution on a number line.
Notice in Example B that you did
© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

Step 1: Original inequality. 2x − 50 < −70 not divide by a negative number


Step 2: Add 50 to both sides. 2x − 50 + 50 < −70 + 50 so although the solution was
2x < −20 negative, the inequality sign does
not reverse.
Step 3: Divide by 2. 2 x < −20
2 2
Solution: x < −10. The inequality symbol means less than, so −10 is
not part of the solution. This is shown by an open circle on
−10 on the graph of the solution.

–20 –10 0 10 20

Activity 7 • Solving and Graphing Inequalities 71


ACTIVITY 7 Lesson 7-2
continued Solving Two-Step Equations

My Notes
Try These A-B
Solve each inequality algebraically and graph your solution on a
number line.
a. −5x + 7 > 22
b. 2x + 6 ≥ 16
c. −3(x + 5) < −21
d. 11x − 12 > 21

9. Model with mathematics. Hamid has read 60 pages of the book


he will be using for a book report. If he reads 45 pages per hour, how
many hours will it take him to read at least 375 pages of the book?
Define a variable, and then write and solve an inequality to represent
this situation. Graph the solution on a number line.

You should interpret the graph of the solution to an inequality in terms


of the problem situation.

Example C
Joanne must complete a 4-question math quiz in 90 seconds or less. If
she spends 30 seconds on the first question, what is the greatest amount
of time on average she can spend on each of the remaining 3 questions?
Write and solve an inequality to solve the problem. Then graph the
solution and interpret the graph in the context of the problem.
Step 1: Write an inequality to represent the situation.
Let t represent the average amount of time in seconds for
each of the remaining 3 questions.

© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.


She must complete the quiz in 90 seconds or less, so use ≤.
3t + 30 ≤ 90
Step 2: Solve.
3t + 30 ≤ 90
3t + 30 − 30 ≤ 90 − 30
3t ≤ 60
3t ≤ 20
Step 3: Graph the solution.

–10 0 10 20 30

Solution: Interpret the graph.


The graph shows that Joanne could spend an average of up to
20 seconds on each of the 3 remaining problems. Even
though the graph is mathematically correct, it is very unlikely
that she would spend any of the lower values, such as 0, 1, 2,
3, 4, and 5 seconds, on each problem.

72 Unit 2 • Expressions and Equations


Lesson 7-2 ACTIVITY 7
Solving Two-Step Equations continued

My Notes
Try These C
Interpret each graph.
a. This graph shows the range in temperatures in degrees Fahrenheit
during a day in February.

22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36

b. This graph shows the height of water, in inches, in a rain barrel


during a rainstorm.

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36

Check Your Understanding

10. Solve each of the following inequalities algebraically. Graph the solutions on number lines.
a. 3x − 15 < 120 b. 9x − 6 + 3x > 42
c. 7(x − 1) ≤ 35 d. −3x + 4 ≥ −23
11. Falana has $192 in her savings account. Since she is not using the account, the bank charges a monthly
fee of $5. The bank will close the account when the balance goes below $50. Write and solve an
inequality to find how many months until the bank closes Falana’s account.
12. Compare and contrast the solutions of 2x − 4 > 6 and 2x − 4 = 6.
13. Write a short note to a friend explaining when to reverse the inequality sign when you are solving
an inequality.

LESSON 7-2 PRACTICE


© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

14. Solve each of the following inequalities 17. Consider the inequality 2x + 3 ≤ −3. Find the
algebraically. Graph the solutions on number set of all integer solutions of this inequality that
lines. are also solutions of the inequality 5x − 2 < 3.
a. 2x − 50 > 75 b. 15x + 20 > 50 18. Compare and contrast solving equations and
c. −4x + 10 < 26 d. 3x + 70 − 7x ≥ 18 inequalities and their solutions.
e. 18 ≤ −6x − 30 f. 4(x + 2) > 60
g. 2x + 6x − 9 < 39 19. Nilsa is working on a 60-minute math test.
There are 20 questions on the test. If it takes
15. Model with mathematics. Arianna’s mom her 20 minutes to complete 12 of the
deposits $80 in her lunch money account. questions, what is the greatest amount of time
Lunch costs $2.50 per day. Write and solve on average she can spend on each of the
an inequality to determine when there will be remaining 8 questions?
less than $20 in the account. a. Write an inequality for the problem
16. Give three solutions of the inequality situation and solve it.
5x − 2 > 7. b. Graph the solution.
c. Interpret the graph in the context of the
problem.

Activity 7 • Solving and Graphing Inequalities 73


ACTIVITY 7 Solving and Graphing Inequalities
continued It Plays to Save

ACTIVITY 7 PRACTICE Lesson 7-2


Write your answers on notebook paper. For 9–15, solve each inequality and graph the
Show your work. solution on a number line.
Lesson 7-1 9. 8x + 2 > 10 10. 14x − 3 ≤ −3
For 1–8, write an inequality to represent each 11. 12 − 2x < 16 12. 4 − x > 6
3
situation. 13. 1 x + 1 ≥ 5 14. 5(x − 3) > 15
2
1. Twenty-two more than four times a number is 15. 2x + 7 − 3x ≤ 10
less than 82.
16. Give three solutions of the inequality
2. There are x giraffes at the zoo. The number of 6 − 11x < 61.
elephants is 4 less than three times the number
17. Which situation can be represented by the
of giraffes, and there are more than 23
inequality 4x − 25 < 125?
elephants.
A. Frank bought four tires for x dollars each.
3. Louie has 20 more than half as many baseball He had a coupon for a $25 discount. The
cards as Gerardo does. Together they have at total came to less than or equal to $125.
least 350 cards. B. Frank bought four tires for x dollars each.
4. Zasha spent $6 on packages of gum. How many He paid $25 in shipping for a total less than
more packages of gum that cost $1.20 each can or equal to $125.
she buy if she has a $20 bill? C. Frank bought 25 tires for x dollars each. He
paid $4 in shipping for a total less than or
5. Dolores and four friends went to a buffet
equal to $125.
dinner. The total cost was at most $130
D. Frank bought x tires for $25 each. He paid
including the $20 tip they left. How much did
$4 in tax for a total less than or equal to
each pay for the buffet?
$125.
6. Eight less than five times the number of
marbles that Iggy has is less than or equal to 72. MATHEMATICAL PRACTICES
7. George rented a bike for 4 hours. There was a Reason Abstractly and Quantitatively
$10 deposit to pay in addition to the hourly 18. Carmine and Rachel went apple picking.

© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.


rate. What was the hourly rate if the total came Carmine has 5 more apples than Rachel. What
to less than or equal to $65? is the minimum number of apples that Rachel
8. A store wants to print flyers to advertise its has if there are at least 31 apples in all?
grand opening. A printer will charge $50 and
$0.05 per flyer. If the store has a budget of
$100, how many flyers can the store have
printed without going beyond their budget?

74 Unit 2 • Expressions and Equations


Solving Inequalities Embedded Assessment 2
A GOLD MEDAL APPETITE Use after Activity 7

Write your answers on notebook paper. Show your work.


1. The media reported that Olympic gold medalist Michael Phelps
regularly consumed at least 8,000 calories per day when he was ACADEMIC VOCABULARY
training for the Olympics. In order to do this, he ate at least three Media are various ways by
extra-large meals and also consumed a maximum of 2,000 calories which news and information are
worth of special energy drinks each day. communicated to the public.
a. Write and graph an inequality to represent the number of calories Media includes television, radio,
from energy drinks Michael Phelps drank per day while training. and newspapers.
b. Write and graph an inequality to represent the total number of
calories Michael Phelps consumed each day.
2. Write a situation about Michael Phelps in which the inequality
3m + 2,000 ≥ 8,000 would represent the situation.
3. To keep from losing weight while training, athletes must not burn
more calories than they consume in a day. On one day, Michael
Phelps burned 1,000 calories per hour while swimming and an
additional 3,000 calories while out of the pool. Write and solve an
inequality to estimate the number of hours he swam that day if his
daily average caloric intake was at most 9,000 calories.
4. An athlete wants to maintain a net caloric intake of no more than
2,000 calories for the day.
a. Write and solve an inequality to determine how many hours she
must train if she burns an average of 750 calories per hour and
eats a total of 8,000 calories.
b. Graph the solution to your inequality on a number line. Explain
why your answer to part a is a solution to this situation.
c. If she trains 8 hours per day, what is the greatest caloric intake she
can have to keep from losing weight? Explain your reasoning.
© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

Unit 2 • Expressions and Equations 75


Embedded Assessment 2 Solving Inequalities
Use after Activity 7 A GOLD MEDAL APPETITE

Scoring Exemplary Proficient Emerging Incomplete


Guide The solution demonstrates these characteristics:
Mathematics • Effective understanding of • Writing, evaluating, and • Difficulty with writing, • Little or no understanding
Knowledge and and accuracy in writing, solving inequalities evaluating, and solving of writing, evaluating, and
Thinking evaluating, and solving correctly. inequalities. solving inequalities.
(Items 1a-b, 2, 3, 4a-c) inequalities.

Problem Solving • An appropriate and • A strategy that may include • A strategy that results in • No clear strategy when
(Items 3, 4a, 4c) efficient strategy that unnecessary steps but some incorrect answers. solving problems.
results in a correct answer. results in a correct answer. • Difficulty interpreting the • No understanding of
• A correct and complete • A correct interpretation of solution to an inequality. interpreting an inequality
interpretation of the the solution to an or its solution.
solution to an inequality. inequality.
Mathematical • A clear and accurate • Some difficulty in • Difficulty in writing • No understanding of
Modeling / representation of a representing situations as inequalities leading to representing situations as
Representations situation as an inequality. inequalities. errors. inequalities.
(Items 1a-b, 2, 3, 4a-b) • Accurate and precise • Correct graphing of an • Some errors in graphing • Incomplete or inaccurate
graphing of an inequality. inequality. inequalities graphing of inequalities.
Reasoning and • Precise use of appropriate • Adequate explanation of • Misleading or confusing • Incomplete or inaccurate
Communication math terms and language solutions to inequalities. explanation of solutions to explanation of solutions to
(Items 2, 4b-c) to explain solutions of • Writing a situation to inequalities. inequalities.
inequalities. match an inequality. • Writing a situation that • An inaccurately written
• Clear and accurate writing partially matches an situation to match an
of a situation to match an inequality. inequality.
inequality.

© 2014 College Board. All rights reserved.

76 SpringBoard® Mathematics with Meaning™ Level 2

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