BRAINWARE UNIVERSITY

398, Ramkrishnapur Road, Barasat, North 24 Parganas, Kolkata - 700 125

JUNE 2022

2D ANIMATION

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by
SHINSHA RAHMAN

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

Of

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE(HONOURS) IN MULTIMEDIA

Department of Multimedia
 BRAINWARE UNIVERSITY
398, Ramkrishnapur Road, Barasat, North 24 Parganas, Kolkata - 700 125

2D ANIMATION SHOWREEL

Submitted by
SHINSHA RAHMAN
in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of

Bachelor Of Science(Honours) In Multimedia

in

Department of Multimedia
 BRAINWARE UNIVERSITY
398, Ramkrishnapur Road, Barasat, North 24 Parganas, Kolkata - 700 125

Department of Multimedia

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report “2D ANIMATIOM” is the bonafide work of SHINSHA
RAHMAN who carried out the project work under my supervision.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT SUPERVISOR

Department Of Multimedia Visiting Professor

398, Ramkrishnapur Road, Barasat, Department Of Multimedia

North 24 Parganas, Kolkata - 700 125
BRAINWARE UNIVERSITY
 Declaration
This is here by declared that I, SHINSHA RAHMAN, student of 6th Semester of the
Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Multimedia programme, have carried out my / our
6th Semester Major project work entitled 2D ANIMATION. It has been done by
myself in the fulfillment for the award of the degree from Brainware University,
West Bengal. It is further declared that the Major project i worked on has not been
submitted to any other academic university for the award of any degree of
examination.
The said project work will not be under any circumstances based for any university
or college examination except for Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Multimedia
programme of Brainware University, West Bengal.

Date:

SHINSHA RAHMAN

Registration No: 19013000459

University Roll No.: 19010320059

Semester: VI

Bachelor of Science (Honours) Multimedia

BRAINWARE UNIVERSITY
398, RAMKRISHNAPUR ROAD, BARASAT
KOLKATA-700124
 Acknowledgement

We have received the assistance and cooperation of quite a number of people

during our project 2D ANIMATION. So we hereby take the opportunity to extend our
sincere gratitude to all those who have provided their assistance and cooperation
and valuable suggestion from time to time in spite of their busy schedule.

First I would like to express my profound gratitude to Mr. Subhojyoti Roy

chowdhury ,head of department of Bachelor of science Multimedia
department.Then our Professor Mrs. Susmita Dey and our Project Supervisor
Mr.Soumen Sil, Visiting Professor . He has not just helped us but provided his
valuable suggestion from time to time. We would like to extend our sincere gratitude
to all other faculty members, entire Technical Assistant team of Bachelor of Science
(Honours) in Multimedia for their encouraging support and for providing us a
pleasant atmosphere during the period of project development.

Lastly, I/We would like to thank our parents for their overall support.

Date:

SHINSHA RAHMAN

Registration No:19013000459

University Roll No.: 19010320059

Semester: VI

Bachelor of Science (Honours) Multimedia

BRAINWARE UNIVERSITY
398, RAMKRISHNAPUR ROAD, BARASAT
KOLKATA-700124
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
Chapter Title
Number
1. INTRODUCTION
What is 2d animation ? vii
2. CHARACTER WALKCYCLE viii
Shots of walkcycle ix
3. DIGITAL BACKGROUNDS
What is background design in animation? x
Shots of a bg design
4. PARALLEX EFFECT IN 2D ANIMATION xii
5. PROPS IN ANIMATION xiii
 Introduction
What is 2D animation?

2D animation is the art of creating movement in a two-dimensional space. This

includes characters, creatures, FX, and backgrounds.

The illusion of movement is created when individual drawings are sequenced

together over time. One second of time is usually divided into 24 frames.
Depending on the style of animation there can be as many as 24 unique drawings
in one second of animation (24fps) or as little as two. Conventionally animation is
done on "2s" meaning there is a drawing every 2 frames (12fps). This allows
artists to save on production time/costs and gives 2D animation its unique look.

While this process is sometimes referred to as traditional animation, mainstream

2D production has evolved from hand drawn processes using pencil and paper to
the implementation of digital techniques using computer software like Toon
Boom Harmony, adobe animate or Adobe After Effects.
 Character walkcycle
In a normal walk cycle animation a character takes two steps in 1 second (24
frames). But the first and the last step hook up into the same pose so that it can be
looped again and again.
This allows a character to appear to cover ground without actually moving
anywhere.

A walk cycle animation needs 4 key poses.

These poses will be our visual formula for what happens in real life.
The first pose is the contact position. Both feet are in contact with the ground and
the weight of the body is split between each leg.
We’ll need 3 contact poses. On frame 1 will have the left leg forward on frame 13
will have the right leg forward and on frame 25 it will be a repetition of frame 1

The second most important pose for a walk is the passing pose. One foot is planted
on the ground while the other is lifted. And both feet are passing to the next contact
pose.
This is where a walk first starts to show life because there are breakdown keys.
It’s adding change to our animation right in the middle of each step on frame 7 and
frame 19.
The hips are generally a touch higher than they are in a contact so we establish a bit
of up and down – between the 2 poses – a tiny sense of gravity and weight.

The final two poses in the walk take all of that to the next level.
They are the up and the down poses. They define the extreme UP and down
moments of the walk where the head is highest and lowest.
With these poses included our eyes can read the weight of the character very clearly.
In the down pose we get compression in the whole body. Not only is the character
at his lowest point in vertical space – but there’s a big bend in the knee on the
planted foot as the hips and the spine curl forward on frame 4 and 16.
In the up pose we get the opposite an extension. A stretch to the planted foot – with
a tilt up and back in the hips and spine .22.

Screenshot of the poses and the final animation(adobe animate)

 Digital backgrounds

What is Background Design in Animation?

In animation, background design which includes both the drawing and painting of
the background sets the stage and atmosphere for a scene, and for everything in
that setting. The houses on a street, the trees and plants in a forest, the
arrangement of things in a room, and even the lights in a square

A background designer’s work guides the viewer’s gaze towards what’s important,
beyond the contents of the scene and its dialogue. These artists define and apply the
colors, shapes, and lights that set the tone of the fictional universe.

A background designer’s main skills are: to build, color, illuminate, and illustrate
settings. Their work creates subtextual visual information for viewers so they can
immerse themselves in the narrative and enjoy a multi-sensory experience.

Rough color blocking of a bg

Rough line art of a bg

Final render of the bg

 Parallex effect in 2d animation

The term “parallax” refers to the apparent movement of objects when viewed from
different positions. The everyday example of this is seen driving on the highway--
when you look out the window, electrical poles near the road seem to zoom past,
while trees in the distance appear to slowly drift by.

Shot of parallex effect

 PROPS IN ANIMATION

what is a prop?
A prop is something that a character interacts with. Think of it as prop being short
for property, like it's something that belongs to a character. Props often get mistaken
for set dressing.as soon as a character holds something, even if it was a piece of the
set, it becomes a prop.

For example, you see the box behind the goose? No one ever touches it. That's set
dressing. If the character interacts with in animate objects in the scene it becomes
a prop.

From line art to final rendering of a prop design

 BRAINWARE UNIVERSITY
398, Ramkrishnapur Road, Barasat, North 24 Parganas, Kolkata - 700 125

Department of Multimedia

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report “2D ANIMATIOM” is the bonafide work of SHINSHA
RAHMAN who carried out the project work under my supervision.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT SUPERVISOR

Mr. Subhojyoti Roy chowdhury Mr.Soumen Sil

Department Of Multimedia Visiting Professor

398, Ramkrishnapur Road, Barasat, Department Of Multimedia

North 24 Parganas, Kolkata - 700 125
BRAINWARE UNIVERSITY