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B.

Tech Programme in Electronics and Communication Engineering : Course Structure & Syllabus

SEMESTER VI
Cg:;see Course Name Category | L-T-P | Credit
ECL 1601 Digital Communication DC 3-1-0 4
ECL 1602 RF & Microwave Engineering DC 3-1-0 4
ECL 1603 Computer Communication Networks DC 3-0-0 3
CSL/ECL .
16XX Program Elective I DE 3-0-0 3
ECL 1604 Optoelectronic Devices and Circuits DC 2-0-0 2
ECP 1601 Digital Communication Laboratory DC 0-0-3 1.5
ECP 1602 | RF & Microwave Engineering Laboratory DC 0-0-3 1.5
ECD 1601 Industrial Training and Seminar DC 0-0-2 1
TOTAL | 14-2-8 20

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Page 2


B.Tech Programme in Electronics and Communication Engineering : Course Structure & Syllabus

SIXTH SEMESTER
ECL 1601 Digital Communication
L-T-P: 3-1-0 Course Outcome Credits: 4
CO1 Model a digital communication system.
CO2 Compute probability of error and inter symbol interference from eye diagram in data
transmission.
CO3 Obtain the power spectra of digital modulated signals.
CO4 Design encoder and decoder schemes for error control.

Syllabus
Waveform Coding Techniques: Lectures: 05

Pulse code modulation: linear quantizer, quantization noise power calculation, signal to quantization noise
ratio, non-uniform quantizer, A-law & u-law, companding, encoding and bandwidth of PCM; differential
pulse code modulation (DPCM), delta modulation, slope overload, adaptive delta modulation.

Digital Multiplexing: Lectures: 03

Fundamentals of time division multiplexing, electronic commutator, bit, byte interleaving T1 carrier
system, synchronization and signaling of T1, TDM, PCM hierarchy, North-American CCITT standards, T1
to T4 PCM TDM system (DS1 to DS4 signals), signal format of M12 Mux for AT & T (Bell) system, bit rate
calculation for DS1 to DS4 signals.
Digital Base Band Transmission: Lectures: 06

Line coding & its properties. NRZ & RZ types, signaling format for unipolar, polar, bipolar (AMI) &
Manchester coding and their power spectra, HDB and B8ZS signaling, ISI, Nyquist criterion for zero ISI &
raised cosine spectrum, matched filter receiver, derivation of its impulse response and peak pulse signal
to noise ratio, correlation detector, decision threshold and error probability for binary unipolar (on-off)
signaling.
Elements of Signal space Analysis: Lectures: 04

Geometric representation of signals, Gram-Schmidt orthoganization Technique. Coherent detection of


signals in noise, correlation receiver.
Digital Modulation Techniques: Lectures: 10
Types of digital modulation, waveforms for amplitude, frequency and phase shift keying, method of
generation and detection of coherent & non-coherent binary ASK, FSK & PSK, differential phase shift
keying, quadrature modulation techniques, M-ary FSK, minimum shift keying (MSK), probability of error
and comparison of various digital modulation techniques. Coherent reception of ASK, PSK and FSK, non-
coherent reception of ASK, FSK, PSK and QPSK, calculation of error probability of BPSK and BFSK, error
probability for QPSK.
Elements of Information Theory: Lectures: 04
Information: mutual information and channel capacity of a discrete memoryless channel, calculation of
channel capacity of discrete memoryless and continuous AWGN channels, Hartely- Shannon law,
bandwidth-S/N tradeoff.
Spread-spectrum modulation: Lectures: 05
Pseudo-Noise sequence, basics of spread spectrum, direct-sequence spread-spectrum communication
systems, frequency-hop spread spectrum systems, other types of spread spectrum signals.
Text Books:
1. Communication Systems, Simon Haykin & Michael Moher, 5th Edition, Wiley, 2009.
2. Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems, B. B. P. Lathi & Zhi Ding, Oxford Univ. Press, 4th
Edition, 2010.
3. Communication system engineering, J. G. Proakis and Sahhi, 2rd Edition, PHI, 2001.

Reference Books:
1. Digital Communications, John G. Proakis, Masoud Salehi, 5th Edition, T Mc Graw -Hill, 2008.
2. Digital & Analog Communication systems, K.S.Shammugham, John Wiley & Sons, 2006.
3. Principles of Digital Communication, P. Chakravarti, Dhanpat Rai & Co, 2008.
4. Wireless Digital Communication, Kamilo Feher, PHI, 1995.

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Page 26


B.Tech Programme in Electronics and Communication Engineering : Course Structure & Syllabus

ECL 1602 RF and Microwave Engineering


L-T-P: 3-1-0 Course Outcome Credits: 4
CO1 Recognize the limitations of existing vacuum tubes and solid-state devices at microwave
frequencies.
CO2 study the performance of specialized microwave tubes such as klystron, reflex
klystron, magnetron and Travelling wave tube.
CO3 Understand the operation of passive waveguide components.
CO4 Analyze microwave circuits using scattering parameters.
COS Test microwave components and circuits with standard microwave bench and vector
network analyzer.

Syllabus
Introduction: Lectures: 01

Microwave frequencies, standard frequency bands, behaviour of circuits at conventional and microwave
frequencies, microwave application, review of Maxwell’s equations.
Transmission lines: Lectures: 05

Transmission line theory, low loss radio frequency and UHF transmission line. UHF line as circuit element,
quality factor of resonant transmission line section, the quarter wave line as a transformer, impedance
matching, Smith chart.

Waveguide: Lectures: 05

Overview of guided waves; TE and TM modes in rectangular, cut off wavelength, dominant mode,
attenuation in waveguides.
Microwave Components & Devices: Lectures: 08

N-port microwave networks. Scattering matrix representation. Reciprocal and lossless networks. Passive
microwave devices: E-plane tee, H-plane tee, magic tee, attenuators, directional coupler and power dividers,
resonator, ferrite devices: circulator, isolator, phase-shifter, MIC

Microwave Generators: Lectures: 09

Transit-time effect, limitations of conventional tubes, two-cavity and multi-cavity klystrons, reflex klystron,
TWT and magnetrons. Solid state devices-transferred electron devices, avalanche diode oscillator,
microwave transistor, HEMT, MESFET
Microwave Measurements Technique: Lectures: 06
Power measurement; calorimeter method, bolometer bridge method, thermocouples, impedance
measurement, measurement of frequency and wavelength, measurement of unknown loads, measurement
of reflection coefficient and VSWR,
Antenna Basic Lectures: 02
RF and microwave antennas and their properties
Introduction to RADAR principles Lectures: 02
RADAR range equation, RCS, CW and pulsed RADAR.
Text Books:
1. Microwave Engineering, D M Pozar, 4t Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2011.
2. Microwave Devices & circuits, Liao Samuel Y., Liao, 37 Edition, Pearson Education India, 1990.
3. Microwave, S Kar
4. Antennas by John D. Kraus
5. Introduction to RADAR systems by Skolnik

Reference Books:
1. Microwaves: Introduction to Circuits, Devices and Antennas by M L Sisodia, V. L. Gupta, New Age International,
2007.
2. Foundations of Microwave Engg., R E Collin, 274 Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2007.
3. Microwave principles, Herbert J. Reich, Van Nostrand, 1966.
4. Microwave, K. C. Gupta, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Limited, 1980.
5. Microwave techniques, D. C. Agrawal.
6. Elements of Microwave Engineering, R. Chatterjee, Prentice Hall, 1988.
7. Microwaves Active devices vacuum and solid state, M. L. Sisodia, New age international, 2006.
8. Microwave circuits and passive devices, M. L. Sisodia, G. S. Raghuvanshi, Wiley Publisher, 1987.

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Page 27


B.Tech Programme in Electronics and Communication Engineering : Course Structure & Syllabus

ECL 1603 Computer Communication and Networks


L-T-P: 3-0-0 Course Outcome Credits: 3
CO1 Identify the issues and challenges in the architecture of a computer network.
CO2 Understand the ISO/OSI seven layers in a network.
CO3 Realize protocols at different layers of a network hierarchy.
CO4 Recognize security issues in a network.

Syllabus
Networks and services: Lectures: 08

Network topologies, switching methods, network evolution, concept of layered


architecture, the OSI model, the TCP/IP model, standardization. Study of telephone
network, PCM-TDM based IDN, circuit switching, circuit and packet switching, space
and time division switching, signaling methods, store-and-forward operation: error
detection and correction, ARQ strategies. Overview of ISDN, ATM networks, SONET and
SDH.
MAC protocols and LANSs: Lectures: 09
ALOHA, slotted ALOHA, CSMA and CSMA-CD protocols; IEEE 802.3 protocol and MAC
frame format. Details of 802.3 hardware options; 100 Mbps and 1000 Mbps Ethernet
LANs, switches, bridges and VPN; Wireless LANs; LAN applications; client-server
architecture.
Network Layer: Lectures: 06
Services offered to the transport layer, internal organization as datagram or virtual
circuit subnets, routing algorithms, link state and distance vector routing, congestion
control, internetworking, Study of IPv4 and IP v6, DNS and Internet routing protocols
such as RIP, OSPF, BGP, introduction to multiprotocol level switching
Transport Layer: Lectures: 06
Design issues, study of TCP, connection setup and removal, flow control, reliable and
efficient delivery, timer management. The TCP/IP protocol stack: ICMP, IGMP, UDP,
BOOTP, DHCP etc. Examples of TCP Tahoe and TCP Reno.
Network applications: Lectures: 07
World Wide Web and HTTP, Web servers and browsers, Content Engines, FTP and TFTP,
SMTP and MIME, DNS, multimedia networking, streaming stored audio and video,
Internet audio and video communications.
Network Security Techniques: Lectures: 04
Principles of cryptography, symmetric and public key cryptography authentication,
integrity, key distribution and certification, secure e-mail, Fire-walls.

Text Books:
1. Computer Networking, a top-down approach featuring the Internet, Kurose and Ross, Addison
Wesley, 6e, 2012.
2. Data and Computer Communication, Stallings William, PHI, 6e, 2007.

Reference Books:
1. Computer Networks-a systems approach, Peterson and Davie- Morgan Kauffman, 2e, 2000.
2. Data communications and networking, Behrouz A. Forouzan, TMH, 4e, 2006.
3. Data Communication, Computer network & open systems, PHI, F. Halsall, 4e, 1996.
4. An Engineering approach to Computer Networking: ATM Networks, the Internet, and the
Telephone Network, S. Keshav, PHI, le, 1997.

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Page 28


B.Tech Programme in Electronics and Communication Engineering : Course Structure & Syllabus

ECL 1604 Optoelectronics Devices and Circuits


L-T-P: 2-0-0 Course Outcome Credits: 2
CO1 Understand the basics physics of optoelectronics devices.
CO2 Understand and analyze the optoelectronics device based circuits.
CO3 Application of optoelectronics devices.
CO4 Explore the aspects of integrated circuit based on optoelectronics devices.

Syllabus
Elements of Light and Solid-State Physics: Lectures: 04
Wave nature of light, Polarization, Interference, Diffraction, Light Source, review of
Quantum Mechanical concept, Review of Solid-State Physics, Review of Semiconductor
Junction Device.
Display Devices and Lasers: Lectures: 07
Introduction, Photo Luminescence, Cathode Luminescence, Electro Luminescence,
Injection Luminescence, LED, Plasma Display, Liquid Crystal Displays, Numeric
Displays, Laser Emission, Absorption, Radiation, Population Inversion, Optical
Feedback, Threshold condition, Laser Modes, Classes of Lasers, Mode Locking, laser
applications
Optical Detection Devices: Lectures: 05
Photo detector, Thermal detector, Photo Devices, Photo Conductors, Photo diodes,
Detector Performance.
Optoelectronic Modulator: Lectures: 05
Introduction, Analog and Digital Modulation, Electro-optic modulators, Magneto Optic
Devices, Acousto-optic devices, Optical, Switching and Logic Devices.
Optoelectronic Integrated Circuits: Lectures: 05
Introduction, hybrid and Monolithic Integration, Application of Optoelectronic
Integrated Circuits, Integrated transmitters and Receivers, Guided wave devices.

Text Books:
1. Optoelectronics — An Introduction, J. Wilson and J.Haukes, 3rd Edition, Prentice Hall of India
Pvt. Ltd., 1998

Reference Books:
1. Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices, Pallab Bhattacharya, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall of
India Pvt., Ltd, 2004.
2. Optoelectronics — As Introduction to materials and devices, Jasprit Singh, McGraw-Hill
International Edition, 1996.

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Page 29


B.Tech Programme in Electronics and Communication Engineering : Course Structure & Syllabus

CSL/ECL 16XX Program Elective I


L-T-P: 3-0-0 Credits: 3
As per the syllabus from list of Program Elective course.

ECP 1601 Digital Communication Laboratory


L-T-P: 0-0-3 Credits: 1.5
Experiment List:
Sampling and Reconstruction of Signal.
CoNonRrNo =

Nyquist Criterion for Sampling and Reconstruction of signal.


Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) Transmission
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) Reception
Delta Modulation and Demodulation.
Adaptive Delta Modulation.
Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) Modulation and Demodulation.
Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) Modulation and Demodulation.
Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) Modulation and Demodulation.
10. Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) Modulation and Demodulation.
11. Differential Pulse Code Modulation and Demodulation.
12. 8-QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) Modulation and Demodulation.
13. Data Formatting & Carrier Transmitter.
14. Data Formatting & Carrier Receiver.
15. Study of Analog to Digital Conversion.

ECP 1602 RF & Microwave Engineering Laboratory


L-T-P: 0-0-3 Credits: 1.5
Experiment List:
Study of Reflex Klystron Characteristics.
Frequency and Wavelength Measurement using Reflex Klystron.
LN

Impedance Measurement of Unknown Microwave Load.


Determination of Polar Radiation Patterns of Horn Antenna.
PNONA

Determination of Gain of Microwave Antenna.


Study of I-V characteristics of Gunn Oscillator.
Study of Output Power and Frequency as a Function of Bias Voltage.
Study of Tuning Characteristics of Gunn Diode as a Function of Micrometer Screw
Position.
Study and Characterization of Ferrite Isolator.
O

. Study and Characterization of Waveguide Based 3-port Circulator.


ON~RO"

. Study and Characterization Waveguide Based of Attenuator.


o N G SRy

. Study and Characterization of Waveguide Based Magic Tee.


. Study and Characterization of Waveguide Based Directional Coupler.
. Determination of Dielectric Constant of Solid Plate of Unknown Material.
. Determination of Thickness of Solid Plate.
P
[

ECD 1601 Industrial Training and Seminar


L-T-P: 0-0-2 Credits: 1
As per the training of minimum 4 weeks undergone by the student(s) in the recess of
Sth Semester.

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Page 30


B.Tech Programme in Electronics and Communication Engineering : Course Structure & Syllabus

ECL 1XXX Low Power VLSI Design


L-T-P: 3-0-0 Course Outcome Credits: 3
CO1 Identify the sources of power consumption in a given VLSI Circuit
CO2 Analyze and estimate dynamic, leakage power components in a DSM VLSI circuit
CO3 Choose SRAMs/DRAMs for Low power applications
CO4 Design low power arithmetic circuits and systems
CO5 Decide at which level of abstraction it is advantageous to implement low power techniques
in a VLSI system design

Syllabus
Low power Basics: Lectures: 03

Need for low power VLSI chips, Sources of power dissipation on Digital.
Integrated circuits: Lectures: 03

Emerging Low power approaches. Physics of power dissipation in CMOS devices, Subthreshold
Circuit Design.
Device & Technology Impact on Low Power: Lectures: 04

Dynamic dissipation in CMOS, Transistor sizing & gate oxide thickness, Impact of technology
Scaling, Technology & Device innovation.
Power estimation Simulation Power analysis: Lectures: 05
Gate level logic simulation, capacitive power estimation, static state power, gate level
capacitance estimation, architecture level analysis.
Low Power Design Circuit level: Lectures: 05
Power consumption in circuits. Flip Flops & Latches design, high capacitance nodes, low power
digital cells library.
Logic level: Lectures: 04
Gate reorganization, signal gating, logic encoding, state machine encoding, pre-computation
logic.
Low power Architecture & Systems: Lectures: 06
Power & performance management, switching activity reduction, parallel architecture with
voltage reduction, flow graph transformation, low power arithmetic components, low power
memory design.
Leakage Power minimization Approaches: Lectures: 04
Variable-threshold-voltage CMOS (VITCMOS) approach, Multi-threshold-voltage CMOS
(MTCMOS) approach, Power gating, Transistor stacking, Dual-Vt assignment approach
(DTCMOS).
Algorithm & architectural level methodologies: Lectures: 04
Introduction, design flow, Algorithmic level analysis & optimization, Architectural level
estimation & synthesis.
Text Books:
1. Low-Power CMOS VLSI Circuit Design, Kaushik Roy, Sharat and C. Prasad, John Wiley &
Sons, 2009.
2. Digital integrated circuits: a design perspective, Jan M. Rabaey, Anantha P. Chandrakasan,
Borivoje Nikolic, 2rd Edition, Pearson Education, 2003.

Reference Books:
1. Practical Low Power Digital VLSI Design, Gary K. Yeap, Springer London, Limited, 1998.
2. Low power design methodologies, Jan M. Rabaey, Massoud Pedram, 2»d Edition, Kluwer
Academic Publishers, 1996.

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering Page 36

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