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Lecture Slides-3 Chapter - 5

This document discusses series DC circuits and includes the following key points: 1) In a series circuit, the total resistance is equal to the sum of the individual resistances and the current is the same at all points. 2) Kirchhoff's Voltage Law states that the sum of the voltage rises in a closed loop must equal the sum of the voltage drops. This law can be used to solve for unknown voltages. 3) The voltage across individual resistors in a series circuit can be calculated using the Voltage Divider Rule by taking the resistance ratio times the total applied voltage. 4) Notation is used to denote voltages at single points or between two points, with ground as a

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63 views13 pages

Lecture Slides-3 Chapter - 5

This document discusses series DC circuits and includes the following key points: 1) In a series circuit, the total resistance is equal to the sum of the individual resistances and the current is the same at all points. 2) Kirchhoff's Voltage Law states that the sum of the voltage rises in a closed loop must equal the sum of the voltage drops. This law can be used to solve for unknown voltages. 3) The voltage across individual resistors in a series circuit can be calculated using the Voltage Divider Rule by taking the resistance ratio times the total applied voltage. 4) Notation is used to denote voltages at single points or between two points, with ground as a

Uploaded by

co592049
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electrical Circuits (EEE-141)

Chapter-5: Series DC Circuits


Book: Robert L Boylestad, 12th Edition

Prof. K. M. A. Salam (KAS)

1
Series Circuits:

Basic components of an electric circuit Series connection of resistors

●The total resistance of a series configuration is the sum


of the resistance levels.

● If resistors are the same value, None of the resistors are in series

where N is the number of resistors in series of value R

2
Series Circuits:
RT = R1 + R2 +R3
RT = 10 + 30 + 100 = 140 Ω

The current is the same at


every point in a series circuit

The polarity of the voltage across a resistor is determined by the direction of the current

3
Power in Series Circuits:

The power delivered by the supply

The power dissipated by the resistive elements

#Find the unknown parameters:

4
Voltage Source in series:

#Find the equivalent voltage:

5
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL):
● KVL: The algebraic sum of the potential rises and
drops around a closed path (or closed loop) is zero.

● The term algebraic simply means paying attention to the


signs that result in the equations as we add and subtract terms.

● KVL: The sum of the voltage rises around a closed path


will always equal the sum of the voltage drops.

6
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL):
# Determine the unknown voltage:

Applying KVL at loop 1, clockwise direction:


Applying KVL, clockwise direction:

Applying KVL at loop 2, clockwise direction:

# Example 11, 12, 13


7
Voltage Division in Series Circuits:
● The voltage across series resistive elements will divide as the magnitude of the resistance levels.

8
Voltage Divider Rule (VDR):
● The voltage divider rule (VDR) permits the determination of the voltage across a series resistor
without first having to determine the current of the circuit.

The voltage across a resistor in a series circuit is equal to the value of that resistor times the total
applied voltage divided by the total resistance of the series configuration.

# Example 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 ● INTERCHANGING SERIES ELEMENTS


9
Notation:
● Notation plays an increasingly important role in the analysis to follow. It is important, therefore, that
we begin to examine the notation used throughout the industry.

Ground potential

10
Subscript Notation:
● Single-subscript notation can be used that provides the voltage at a point with respect to ground.
● Double-subscript notation can be used that provides the voltage is an across variable and exists
between two points has resulted in a double-subscript notation.

Va, Vb are the single-subscript


Vab is the double-subscript

# Example 25, 26, 27


11
Voltage Regulation and Internal Resistance:

● The smaller the voltage or load regulation of a supply, the less will the terminal voltage
change with increasing levels of current demand.

# Example 28, 29

12
# Find Vab:

# Find unknown voltages:

# Exercise: 33, 35, 40


13

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