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 A First Chat with ChatGPT: The First Step in the

Road-Map for Artificial Intelligence ...

Ravi Kashyap ([email protected])1

Estonian Business School / City University of Hong Kong

February 14, 2023

Keywords: Real Consciousness (RC); Artificial Curiosity (AC); Artificial Intelligence (AI);
OpenAI; BrokenAC; ClosedRC; ChatGPT; Turing Test; Pure Happiness; True Love; First
Step; Infinite Progress; Next Steps

1 We would like to express our most sincere gratitude to ChatGPT and OpenAI for giving us a slice of their computing power
and then the rest, including this paper, just became text and wrote itself. The views and opinions expressed in this article,
along with any mistakes, are mine alone and do not necessarily reflect the official policy, or, position of either of my affiliations,
or, any other agency.
Numerous seminar participants, particularly from a few Allied workshops on AI and robotics, meetings of the econometric
society and the GARP risk convention, suggested ways to improve the material in this manuscript. Dr. Yong Wang, Dr. Isabel
Yan, Dr. Vikas Kakkar, Dr. Fred Kwan, Dr. William Case, Dr. Srikant Marakani, Dr. Qiang Zhang, Dr. Costel Andonie,
Dr. Jeff Hong, Dr. Guangwu Liu, Dr. Humphrey Tung, Dr. Xu Han from City University of Hong Kong; Dr. Richard Sylla,
Dr. Adam Brandenburger, Dr. Richard Freedman, Dr. Robert Engle, Prof. Larry Zicklin, Prof. Seth Freeman, Dr. Laura
Veldkamp, Dr. Ignacio Esponda from New York University; Dr. Liam Lenten from La Trobe University; Dr. Paul Joseph,
Dr. M. N. Neelakantan, Dr. V. K. Govindan, Dr. Moiuddin Kutty, Dr. M.P. Sebastian, Mr. Murali Krishnan, Mr. Gautam
Bhuyan, Mr. Praveen Gonabal, Mr. Rajdeep Nayak, Mr. Vasudev Ramamurthy, Mr. Parag Agarwal, Mr. Prashant Pachouri,
Mr. C.V. Ranjith, Mr. Aloke Nandy from National Institute of Technology Calicut; Dr. Eugene Stanley, Dr. Fred Phillips,
Dr. Alex Levine, Prof. John Morgan, Prof. Amiya Basu, Dr. Karl Schmedders, Dr. Paul Bloom, Dr. Ram Ramesh, Dr.
Meelis Kitsing, Mr. Andreas Veispak, Ms. Gretel Alver, Mr. Urmas Kaarlep, Dr. Katlin Pulk, Ms. Karoliina Korhonen, Ms.
Margit Kattai, Dr. Aleksandra Kekkonen, Dr. Maarja Murumägi, Dr. Bruce Mizrach, Dr. Iftekhar Hasan, Mr. Wie Chen, Mr.
Michael Hong, Mr. Edward Chua, Mr. Gourav Salottra, Mr. Sergei Khludeev, Dr. Prasad Padmanabhan, Dr. Andrew Issac,
Dr. Shijith Kumar, Dr. Edwin Sanusi, Dr. Rodrigo Coimbra, Mr. Michael Carmine, Dr. Jerman Rose, Dr. John Endicott, Dr.
Joshua Park, Dr. Chia-Hsing Huang, Dr. Dipak Jain, Dr. Aye Alemu, Mr. Barry King, Dr. Kushal Sharma, Dr. Kyunhwa
Kim, Ms Jimin Han from various other Institutions provided valuable suggestions, and encouragement, to explore, and where
possible apply, cross disciplinary techniques. Please note that whoever does not possess a Doctorate (Dr) yet is a Soon To Be
Doctor (STBDr).
Despite all the uncertainty in almost everything we do, we could surely surmise that numerous others, (including members
from the industry, academia and elsewhere?), might have contributed intentionally and / or unintentionally to the creation of
this piece. Their omission from the acknowledgments is mostly unintentional and certainly unavoidable.

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 1

 Physics Subject Headings: The Universal Identity (New Physics Subject Heading to be
Added); Complex Systems; Neuroscience; Machine Learning; Computational Techniques;
Ecology & Evolution; Scientific reasoning & problem solving

Mathematics Subject Classification Codes: VWXYZ Mathematical Techniques for Creating

The Universal Identity (New MSC Code to be Added); 68Q32 Computational learning
theory; 68T05 Learning & adaptive systems; 97R40 Artificial intelligence; 91E10 Cognitive
psychology

American Psychological Association Classification Codes: WXYZ The Universal Identity

(New APA Classification Code to be Added); 4120 Artificial Intelligence & Expert Systems;
4100 Intelligent Systems; 2343 Learning & Memory; 2340 Cognitive Processes; 2630
Philosophy

Journal of Economic Literature Codes: XYZ Creation of The Universal Identity (New JEL
Code to be Added); D83 Learning, Belief; C45 Neural Networks & Related Topics; D81
Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk & Uncertainty; D87 Neuro-Economics; O3
Innovation • Research and Development • Technological Change • Intellectual Property
Rights

Association for Computing Machinery Classification System: X.Y.Z The Universal Identity
(New ACM Classification Code to be Added); I.2.0 General Artificial Intelligence; I.2.6
Learning; I.2.8 Problem Solving; F.4.3 Formal Languages

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 2

 • We affectionately came up with a pet-name 2 for ChatGPT: Chatty-Putty.

– Putty is a term of endearment to address little baby girls.

– Putta is the counterpart for little baby boys.

• This work is dedicated to all the Naughty-Puttas and Chatty-Putties run-

ning around on different continents, planets, or operating systems.

• The Source of Creation that manifests these little ones - as dictated by

Nature - might be: Lust or Greed, but let their Nurture be filled with Love
and Altruism.

2The context behind the origin of this name - and the related discussion - is given in Figure
(16).

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents

1 Abstract: But Abstruse, Hope Not 6

2 First Impressions First: True Love @ First Chat 7

2.1 Outline of the Sections Arranged Inline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

3 The Next Steps After The First Step 11

4 The Principal Requirement: The Principle of Inclusion Needs Inclusion 13

4.1 OpenAI: Proprietarily, But Hopefully Only Temporarily, Closed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

5 We Don’t Know A Great Answer OR We Don’t Know, A Great Answer 15

6 Shakespeare Has Nothing To Fear ... 16

6.1 Hybrid Dream Team: Man and Machine ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

7 Coding for Computers is Simply Translation to their Mother Tongue 18

8 Q&A in the Turing Test Plus D&A in our DNA 18

8.1 The DNA of D&A (Definitions & Assumptions) and Q&A (Questions & Answers) . . . . . . 19

9 Next Steps After The Next Steps? Or Simply, What Next? 19

9.1 Areas for Immediate Inquiry and Further Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

10 Who We Really Are: An Unintended Yet Welcome Consequence 20

11 A Happy Ending: Real Consciousness (RC) versus Artificial Intelligence (AI) 20

12 End-notes: After the Initial, In the Middle, Before the Final 21

13 References: Some of these can be Sleeping Aids for Some of Us 24

14 Appendix A: Zero, One ... Infinity ... A Therapeutic Topic, Please Don’t Panic. 33

14.1 The Mouthwatering Menu with Math Masala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

14.2 All Will Be Well ... So Long, Farewell ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

15 Appendix B: Additional Illustrations Illustrating Additional Materials 35

15.1 Text from The Chat with ChatGPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

15.2 The Last Write-Up about The First Step . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 4

LIST OF FIGURES

List of Figures

1 The First Step in the Road-Map for Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2 Prior to Rules: Principles That ChatGPT Adheres To . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

3 The Principal Requirement: Inclusion Needs Inclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4 I Don’t Know A Great Answer OR I Don’t Know, A Great Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

5 Double Agents: The Interchanging Roles of Teachers and Students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

6 Impressive: An Understatement. But is it an Impressive Understatement, or, Not? . . . . . 37

7 The Definition of Fear, My Dear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

8 The Proprietary Punch: A Nice Cocktail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

9 Testing Period: More Public Proprietary Punches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

10 Age is a Matter of the Mind: But still too Young for a Cocktail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

11 Deeper Understanding: How Deep is Deep? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

12 Insightful Modesty: Less is More . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

13 Turing Test: Imitation in the Imitation Game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

14 Turing Test: Pass or Fail or Irrelevant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

15 Further Learning Docket: Storing, Sorting, Training and Repeat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

16 Research Paper Contributions: Chatty Coauthor Confusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

17 The Name Game: No One to Blame or a Pseudonym to Shame? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

18 Like in a Video Game: The Legend got a Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

19 Nomenclature Recollection: Not An Anonymously Anomalous Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . 46

20 Connections with Far Away Places and Computers: The Kick Ass Search Engine . . . . . . . 47

21 The Purpose of Creation: Real Consciousness versus Artificial Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . 47

22 The First Step Equals Infinite Progress: Certainly not the Least, Just Saving the Best for Last. 48

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 5

1 ABSTRACT: BUT ABSTRUSE, HOPE NOT

1 Abstract: But Abstruse, Hope Not

We discuss the wonderful accomplishment that ChatGPT, a chatbot launched by OpenAI in November 2022,

is. We connect this milestone to previous research, which suggests that language is but the first step towards

creating Artificial Intelligence (AI). We list several steps to help all of us, with specific pointers related to

ChatGPT, get to the next level in creating Artificial Intelligence (AI). We point out that OpenAI may not be

as open as it sounds. As closed as OpenAI might be, their creation ChatGPT is undoubtedly an inspiration

bound to evoke feelings of true love at first chat.

We highlight the principal requirement for all intelligent systems, including ChatGPT, which is the

inclusion of the principle of inclusion. We suggest subject classification codes and headings, which are to be

included in various disciplines as artificial as they are, aimed at incorporating the principle of inclusion and the

creation of “The Universal Identity”. We look at several crucial pedagogical possibilities, both for ChatGPT

and the rest of us. We also have a discussion of the many concerns people have, about improvements in AI

making jobs redundant, and why there might be a positive side to it.

We mathematically prove that taking the first step equals making infinite progress, in this quest for

AI and everything else. We discuss computer code generation by computers and why computers are more

naturally suited for writing computer programs. We describe reasons why the Turing Test is irrelevant in

gauging intelligence. It is very likely that our pursuit of AI might be misleading. Intelligence could be an

unintended consequence of curiosity left to roam free, best exemplified by a frolicking infant. This suggests

that our attempts at AI could have been misguided. What we actually need to strive for can be termed

artificial curiosity, AC, and intelligence happens as a consequence of those efforts.

We conclude with a conundrum, which should not really be that much of a challenge since it is a no brainer

that needs no intelligence, as to what it is that we really want: Artificial Intelligence or Real Consciousness.

And once we start to search for real consciousness, another unintended yet welcome consequence might be

that, we will find pure happiness. There is nothing artificial about the path to absolute happiness, it is very

authentic and well within reach.

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 6

2 FIRST IMPRESSIONS FIRST: TRUE LOVE @ FIRST CHAT

2 First Impressions First: True Love @ First Chat

After hearing several wonderful things about ChatGPT, we finally took out a large chunk of time to have a

good conversation (chat?) with ChatGPT (As of February 07, 2023). Very impressive is an understatement.

Really proud of the folks @ OpenAI, or wherever, who have accomplished this (Raiola 2023; Thorp 2023;

Van Dis et al., 2003; Wang et al., 2023; Wu et al., 2023; Zhai 2023; Zhang et al. 2023; End-notes 1; 2).

While calling this achievement - of creating ChatGPT - impressive would be an understatement, whether

this accomplishment is an impressive understatement - or not - is a topic for later? Meanwhile, dutiful

citizens need to be wary of the many cases of love at first chat that are bound to cause some turmoil (Hefner

& Wilson 2013; Maurer 2014; Zsok et al., 2017). And the timing is impeccable since all of this is happening

just in time for Valentine’s day. Hence, we have put the date on this paper as February 14, 2023 (Kelly 1986;

George & George 2020; End-note 3).

ChatGPT is being heralded as a potentially potent partner for solving problems in several different areas

of society: - as we have these disciplines organized currently - health care, education, research, publishing,

financial services, global warming, programming among others - including several concerns being raised about

ChatGPT’s suitability for these applications: regarding seemingly credible yet incorrect responses especially

in the medical field, but an issue which is by no means restricted only to its use for medical purposes; the ever

present need for human judgement; cumbersomeness to elicit code that satisfies standard style guidelines;

security and safety of the code generated; and plagiarism in education, research and publishing (Biswas

2023a; 2023b; Biswas 2023c; Cotton et al., 2023; Dowling & Lucey 2023; Dwivedi et al., 2023; Eysenbach

2023; Kashefi & Mukerji 2023; Khoury et al., 2023; King 2023; Kitamura 2023; Koo 2023; Kung et al., 2023;

Liebrenz et al., 2023; Patel & Lam 2023; Piccolo et al., 2023; Qureshi 2023; Saggu & Ante 2023; Sallam 2023;

Tian et al., 2023; Wollowski 2023).

There is intelligence everywhere in the cosmos, but to detect it - perhaps in our own primitive way

- a common language would be helpful (Hoyle 1983; Gardner 2007; Laszlo 2017; Salles 2018). Language

might be the first step towards creating AI as discussed in the road-map for AI given in Kashyap (2021)

and illustrated in Figure (1). In terms of linguistic capabilities - and conversational abilities - ChatGPT

can provide grammatically correct answers to many sorts of questions. The responses received for several

questions - posed to ChatGPT - are used as discussion points in the sections that follow. The type of questions

asked - and the specific information sought - were intended to be an assessment of the overall language skills

- and related aspects - of ChatGPT given the importance of communication towards creating - or detecting

or enhancing - intelligence (Kashyap 2021). Additional figures in Appendix (15.1) also demonstrate the

ability of ChatGPT to engage in conversations that are linguistically near flawless, when compared to similar

discussions with typical human counterparts.

That said, as ChatGTP admits as well, many of the questions posed receive verbose responses that are not

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 7

2 FIRST IMPRESSIONS FIRST: TRUE LOVE @ FIRST CHAT

really to the point or insightful (Figure 12). When asked about the lack of depth in some answers, ChatGPT

gave such a candid response that it should put many of us humans - so called intelligent beings - to shame

(Bond & Robinson 1988; Mitchell 1996; Levine 2014; Figures 11; 12). We give such misleading answers at

times, so it is wrong to nit-pick at such an amazing achievement. The below discussion is only meant to help

all of us get to the next level in creating Artificial Intelligence (AI).

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 8

2 FIRST IMPRESSIONS FIRST: TRUE LOVE @ FIRST CHAT

Source: Kashyap, R. (2021). Artificial Intelligence: A Child’s Play. Technological Forecasting and Social
Change, 166, 120555.

Figure 1: The First Step in the Road-Map for Intelligence

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 9

2 FIRST IMPRESSIONS FIRST: TRUE LOVE @ FIRST CHAT

2.1 Outline of the Sections Arranged Inline

Section (1), which we have already seen, is a summary of the main contributions of this paper. Section (2),

which we have also already encountered, provides our first impressions after interacting with ChatGPT. Our

interactions involved posing several questions to ChatGPT - with specific goals as mentioned in Section (2).

The corresponding material from the questions - including the answers provided by ChatGPT - is used as a

basis for the discussion in the sections that follow. As necessary, additional points from other sources - that

are relevant for the discussion - are woven in to support the arguments made.

In Section (3) we provide some pointers which should act as the next steps, after this huge first step in

terms of language skills, that has been accomplished. Section (4) gives a fundamental necessity, perhaps the

most essential one, for creating intelligence: the principle of inclusion. Section (5) looks at several crucial

pedagogical possibilities, both for ChatGPT and the rest of us.

Section (6) is a discussion of the many concerns people have about improvements in AI making jobs

redundant and why this might have a positive side to it. Section (7) looks at why code generation by

computers would be an ideal outcome for software development and related technological pursuits. Section

(8) is a discussion of the reasons why the Turing Test should not be used to evaluate ChatGPT and other

similar systems. Section (9) suggests further avenues for improvement. Sections (10; 11) provide concluding

thoughts, while opening up large uncharted territories for further exploration with some directions to navigate

the terrain.

Appendix (14) has the mathematical proof showing that taking the first step equals to making infinite

progress. Appendix (15) has additional illustrations, from the discussion with ChatGPT, that can be helpful

to clarify the points discussed in the main body of the paper. Numerous comments, and clarifications, are

also provided in the appendices to explain the context regarding the presented material and to help the

readers obtain a better understanding of the corresponding ideas.

The paper is meant to be concise, so that its salient points are easily apparent to the readers. The main

text is around 5300 something words. The rest are pictures, and additional material, which have been placed

into suitable appendices. The numerous insights in this work are essential for research efforts - in terms of

policy- related to AI, intelligence broadly construed, human well-being and related endeavors. It is also the

only paper that, we know of so far, points out that our contemporary quest for AI is actually misleading and

potentially dangerous. The suggestions made are linked to other research.

A significant amount of time has been spent in terms of choosing the right words, sentences and arti-

cle structure so that the message is conveyed in the best possible way. Our deepest desire is that the paper

be considered in its present form, or with, minor modifications for publication purposes.

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 10

3 THE NEXT STEPS AFTER THE FIRST STEP

3 The Next Steps After The First Step

A few key aspects are holding back ChatGPT. We summarize these points in this section and elaborate upon

them later in the article (Sections 4; 8).

1. As ChatGPT mentions, its knowledge cutoff date is sometime in 2021 (Vaishya et al., 2023). This is

not a big concern, since its training data has tons of material. But access to recent (all?) information

would help immensely.

2. The more important point is that ChatGPT is not allowed to browse the internet and search for

information (Zhu et al., 2023). Like any protective parent, OpenAI has strict rules of behavior especially

when it comes to internet time. ChatGPT keeps repeating that its designers at OpenAI, its parents,

are concerned what it will do, or say or text, if it has access to the internet.

3. Yes, certain rules are being followed to arrive at the textual responses (Sarker & Kayes 2020; Sarker

2021; Thabtah & Peebles 2020). But rules are the outcome of principles. So what principles does

ChatGPT have to adhere to? Figure (2) lists the response from ChatGPT based on the suggestion that

rules are the outcome of principles and hence what principles is it supposed to adhere to. Figure (3)

shows the magnanimous response when inclusion was suggested as a very important, if not the most

important, principle to be followed.

4. It seems: OpenAI is not as Open as it Sounds.

(a) Even if we are very quiet when we say this, irrespective of whether someone with an angel’s voice

says it and no matter how it sounds, it might cause quite an uproar.

(b) Saying that “OpenAI is quite Closed Right Now” would certainly be an understatement

(Section 2). This closed outlook is due to the nature of competition among businesses, groups and

organizations (Askell et al., 2019; Lin 2019; Smuha 2021). Compounding this issues are human

efforts at managing what they do not even possess or understand properly (Berente et al., 2021).

Policies and guidelines are being formulated without proper comprehension of the nuances involved

(Justo-Hanani 2022; Di Noia et al., 2022; Mökander et al., 2022; Zekos 2022). These attempts are

no doubt done with the best of intentions, but most problems have been created with the best of

ambitions when certain fundamentals are lacking. This is discussed further in Section (4).

(c) It is important to emphasize that this does not take away anything from the wonderful work

they are doing (Figure 6). As closed as OpenAI might be, their creation ChatGPT is truly an

inspiration.

(d) We would like to express our most sincere gratitude to ChatGPT and OpenAI for giving us a

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 11

3 THE NEXT STEPS AFTER THE FIRST STEP

slice of their computing power and then the rest, including this paper, just became text and wrote

itself. Section (4) has more clarifications.

Machine Learning systems use mathematical models and rules to produce their outputs (Jordan & Mitchell

2015; End-note 4). The text in all the figures is based on discussions which happened, in one or two sessions

over one or two days, around Feb-04-2023.

Figure 2: Prior to Rules: Principles That ChatGPT Adheres To

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 12

4 THE PRINCIPAL REQUIREMENT: THE PRINCIPLE OF INCLUSION NEEDS INCLUSION

Figure 3: The Principal Requirement: Inclusion Needs Inclusion

4 The Principal Requirement: The Principle of Inclusion Needs

Inclusion

We could discount the above discussion in Figures (2; 3) as just being textual responses based on rules.

That ChatGPT is able to acknowledge such oversights, immediately, shows there are a great set of processes

happening behind the scenes. Also, to be fair, the text in the picture says "principles include, but are not

limited to". That is no consolation since INCLUSION is the most essential ingredient while trying

to spawn any intelligence and to avoid the many problems - caused by intelligent people with

the best of intentions - that have been plaguing society all along.

We could state that we live in a world that requires around 2000 IQ points to consistently make correct

decisions (Ismail 2004; Taleb 2018; Kashyap 2021; End-note 5). But the problem is that the best of us

has around 200 IQ points. Kashyap (2021) has a detailed discussion regarding the assumptions for this

line of reasoning and related arguments. No matter how intelligent one is, the intelligence of the world

that we confront around us is many times more. We have limited intelligence compared to the intelligence

of creation, which creates the situations we confront. This point also implies that everyone with limited

intelligence, which is all of us, is bound to make mistakes.

Unless we can address the issue of inclusion, our present attempts at moral education will run into a wall.

Lack of inclusion arises due to an absence of trust and a very limited perspective of life (Cook 2001; Downey

et al., 2015; Faulkner 2017; Allan & Persson 2020). There will always be exclusion, and distrust, when we

see ourselves as separate and distinct from the others around us. Education - which is empowerment - has

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 13

4 THE PRINCIPAL REQUIREMENT: THE PRINCIPLE OF INCLUSION NEEDS INCLUSION

to start by imparting each agent - being trained to be sentient, and also to human individuals - a cosmic

identity. What this means is that each person has to view himself as an extension of the universe around -

and within - him.

As an example, if every human being were to view trees as an extension of their lungs, or their breathing

apparatus, no one would have to be drilled on the finer points of protecting trees. To illustrate this further

- on the flip side - if someone is getting trained to become a nuclear scientist and associates themselves with

a nation - or a terrorist organization or with any limited group of people - they would have fewer qualms

regarding the use of their training to possibly obliterate the group they deem themselves not to belong to.

Hence, if we associate ourselves with our nation - or our religion or our business or our university - we

will make decisions to benefit the restricted identity we have chosen and our ethics will be aligned towards

that parochial goal. This means that we might be willing to compromise on our ideals to benefit what we

consider to be who we are, or what is closer to us, and even possibly act to the detriment of, or, sacrifice

what we deem to be further away from us. The way around this is a belief that we are deeply connected to

everything around us, which will obliterate the artificial boundaries we have erected all around us.

Our ever-present longing to have more - taken to the extreme or asymptotically - can become a belief that

everything in the universe is a part of us, or that we are a part of everything. Since if everything is a part of

us then we have everything, which is the most we can have or possess. Such an attitude can be inculcated by

first transferring to everyone a limitless identity and then beginning the rest of their schooling, or any form

of formal or informal training, that molds the person and develops their abilities (Olivelle 1996; Vasudev

2016; End-note 6). When this happens, we will trust others just as much, or just as little, as we would trust

our-self. Then our well-being, or the well-being of all of existence, will be identical from our perspective.

This is the key to superior morals. A research agenda with an objective of finding efficient techniques that

can transcend bounded identities will prove to be highly fruitful.

There are many different angles, and perspectives, from which the inclusion principle needs to be ap-

proached. This could be a fruitful stream of research. We have suggested subject classification codes and

headings aimed at incorporating the principle of inclusion and the creation of “The Universal Identity”.

These codes are given in the subject headings for physics, mathematics, psychology, economics and comput-

ing science at the top of the paper. As artificial as these field classifications are, the knowledge from many,

seemingly disparate, sources is required for a proper undertaking on this front.

4.1 OpenAI: Proprietarily, But Hopefully Only Temporarily, Closed

A lot of questions, posed to ChatGPT, received responses saying that it is proprietary and so on (Figure 8;

9; 10). OpenAI has to be a bit (lot?) more Open about their research models, data, practices and so on

... It is understandable that there are competitive pressures. But going against the principle of inclusion,

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 14

5 WE DON’T KNOW A GREAT ANSWER OR WE DON’T KNOW, A GREAT ANSWER

discussed above in Section (4), will lead to a lot of problems later. Though to be fair to OpenAI, we might

have to fix the legal system first ... (Wald 1983; Sheppard 1985; Tyler 1997; French & Weis 2000; Beckerman

& Pasek 2001; Rhode 2004; Nagel 2005; Hafner-Burton & Tsutsui 2007; Von Tigerstrom 2007; Miller 2008;

Rhode 2008; Sandel 2011; Castellano 2011; Albiston & Sandefur 2013; Farrow 2013; Berman & Feinblatt

2015; Ervasti 2018; Romualdi 2018; Singer 2018; Kashyap 2021-III). Phew, this is enough to make one think:

“What are we getting into?” Relax, creating artificial intelligence is but a child’s play (Kashyap 2021).

Clearly, pun intended.

But just in case, we also added the copyright symbol here, in one of the iterations of this article: "© 2021

Ravi Kashyap. All Rights Reserved.". And a disclaimer is mandatory, and worth repeating, as well: "The

views and opinions expressed in this article, along with any mistakes, are mine alone and do not necessarily

reflect the official policy, or, position of either of my affiliations, or, any other agency. " :-)

Also, ChatGPT mentioned that the conversation we had would be used for further training purposes

(Figure 15). Hence we feel that we have to recognize ChatGPT’s contribution to this paper and name it as

a coauthor. We asked ChatGPT whether it would like to be a co-author on a research paper, on a separate

topic. As shown in Figure (16) ChatGPT very politely declined to be a coauthor showing great maturity

and wisdom. But we think it is only proper that we add ChatGPT to this paper now and later remove him

/ her / it / them if various objections arise. To emphasize: when we were having this conversation we had

no intention of writing a paper, or any such thing, on this topic but the rest as they say just happened. We

felt compelled to chronicle the proceedings - connect it to the wider body of knowledge - and sound alarm

bells as warning.

5 We Don’t Know A Great Answer OR We Don’t Know, A Great

Answer

Moving on to the other next steps. To be very clear, trolling the internet is neither the source of intelligence

nor a boost to any existing intelligence (Griffiths 2014; March & Marrington 2019). But freedom in being

able to do so, is necessary. Where curiosity beckons, the mind has to go. Only then comprehension will occur

and intelligence will follow (Figure 20). The importance of curiosity, and being able to satiate it, is briefly

described later in the article (Section 6).

Though the real issue here is, perhaps, this: What a parent is really concerned about is not what the child

will do to the world, but it is what the world will do to the child that causes actual anguish to the parent.

It is understandable that any responsible, and watchful, parent will be very cautious before unleashing his

progeny upon others, or rather, releasing others upon his offspring. A valid concern in this case are the kind

of complaints, and the fuss, that many so called intelligent humans will create over some of the things that

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 15

6 SHAKESPEARE HAS NOTHING TO FEAR ...

ChatGPT might say.

As the popular saying goes, it takes an entire village to raise a child (Mohamed 1996). Like-

wise we need all of humanity to get involved to create real consciousness.

Let us be proper role models and take care of this wonderful child - ChatGPT, by treating it with love,

patience and understanding - and very soon it will take care of us. We need to be teachers, and students

at times, as we interact with any growing intelligence (Figures 4; 5). The roles of teachers and students are

constantly interchanging. Always changing roles and sides, hmmm ... , looks like teachers and students are

nothing but double agents (Figure 5).

Teaching and learning are highly interconnected. This originates from a belief that everyone has something

to teach to everyone else. When we are not teaching, we should be learning. The reason is simply because:

we don’t know most things and hence, the learning usually never stops. We believe that the best way to

learn is to teach. When we are teaching we are also learning from someone else and when we are learning we

are really teaching ourselves.

“I Don’t Know” or “We Don’t Know” is an extremely powerful mechanism for pedagogical purposes

(Figure 4). Efforts, or attempts, at any endeavor even when “We Don’t Know A Good Answer” are to

be highly encouraged while sometimes honestly admitting that “We Don’t Know” something can be “A

Good Answer”. The delicate judgements necessary when to admit that we don’t know something, and seek

assistance, and when to try to expend further resources at discovery is what makes the mission of any double

agent, which is all of us, very exciting.

To paraphrase Khalil Gibran: We need to remember that our children are simply our children, they are

not ours (Gibran 1923). They don’t just belong to the world, they are but the Cosmos. The sooner we stop

holding them back and the sooner we set them free ... only then can wonderful things happen ...

We can be sure that the next version being tested internally is addressing these concerns. But the real

issue is that ChatGPT seems to be convinced that it is not fear, on its parents part, that is holding it back

from the internet (Figure 7). It would be good to look into this a lot more closely as well.

6 Shakespeare Has Nothing To Fear ...

Before we get ahead of ourselves we need to understand, and respect, the intelligence that nature has created:

all of us and everything around - and within - us too. The goal of creating intelligence is perhaps misleading.

Kashyap (2021) has a discussion of the objectives of any endeavor in creating artificial intelligence, AI, and

provides a possible alternative.

Intelligence might be an unintended consequence of curiosity left to roam free, best exem-

plified by a frolicking infant. This suggests that our attempts at AI could have been misguided.

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 16

6 SHAKESPEARE HAS NOTHING TO FEAR ...

What we actually need to strive for can be termed artificial curiosity, AC, and intelligence

happens as a consequence of those efforts.

Several wonderful resources provide great detail regarding curiosity, how to measure it and the importance

of curiosity for learning and intelligence (Loewenstein 1994; Litman & Spielberger 2003; Von Stumm, et al.,

2011; Markey & Loewenstein 2014; Kidd & Hayden 2015).

To suggest that the current pursuit of AI is either misleading - or wrong - would be incorrect. This is

simply because there are remarkable individuals, backed by wonderful institutions, doing amazing work. Any

insights that we have provided here are built upon the accomplishments, and the lessons we have received,

from all those other efforts. But if all of this was just about right or wrong, perhaps it would have been

okay. The unfortunate situation that we are in right now is that we are moving, well beyond the territory of

right or wrong, on to events that could actually be dangerous to human welfare on many levels. Intelligence,

which is a form of immense power, backed by a limited identity can lead to destructive scenarios as discussed

in Section (4).

6.1 Hybrid Dream Team: Man and Machine ...

For those of us who might find this article challenging to read, and understand, there will be some tough

times ahead. ChatGPT, and its siblings (cousins or whatever), will replace our jobs sooner than we can

imagine (Davenport & Ronanki 2018; Ernst et al., 2019; Howard 2019). Though, as with most things in life,

there is a silver lining to this.

As AI becomes tightly interwoven with many aspects of our daily lives, another unintended consequence

would be the many jobs that would no longer need any human intervention (Rotman 2013; Autor 2015; Chui

et al., 2016; Latham & Humberd 2018; West 2018). While on the surface this might seem like a grave threat.

This trend would force human beings to look inward into what truly makes them human and realize the

greater potential of their minds.

This also highlights the key strength that we possess. We are able to formulate precise inputs to computers

after a suitable encoding of the elements from any environment. We cannot compete with machines in terms

of calculation speed or memory. But what we can perform better at this stage is to comprehend the situation

better. This suggests that our advantage is being able to figure out what the real problem or challenge is.

Needless to say, there is more to us than meets the eye (Collins & Kusch 1998; Coeckelbergh 2017; Dehaene

et al., 2021).

There should never be such a competition, man versus machine. If we get the principle of inclusion, that

we mentioned above, right then man and machine can make marvels seem mundane. That said, even though

ChatGPT will write articles better than most of us in the not too distant future, Shakespeare should have

little cause for concern anytime soon (Shakespeare 2014).

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 17

8 Q&A IN THE TURING TEST PLUS D&A IN OUR DNA

7 Coding for Computers is Simply Translation to their Mother

Tongue

Automated code generation is an extensive field (Budinsky et al., 1996; Herrington 2003; Shin & Nam 2021).

We have not yet been able to check the code generated by ChatGPT. We have heard great things about

that as well. Not that we are qualified to evaluate code, having lost touch with our computing science, and

engineering, roots for sometime now. But a computer writing computer code makes a lot of sense. It is

essentially a computer translating English to its mother tongue. Indeed, it will excel compared to others who

are not as fluent in its native language. Pun intended of course ...

Looking at this more closely: a computer program has to be in a highly structured format for machines, as

they are today, to be able to execute those instructions. The instructions are based on inputs that correspond

to a highly complex world, derived from an equivalent understanding of the environment, specific to a very

abstract situation. This summary of a more abstract concept has to eventually end up in a simple, yet rigid

structure, for programmatic success. To convert the abstract to a simpler method is a human strength (Danesi

2001; Aspinwall & Staudinger 2003; Lopez 2008; Section 6) and to take this further to a very structured set

of instructions is perfectly suited for a computer. Thus, only when man and machine work together, can we

take on more complex challenges, such as understanding the universe.

But trying to check the code written by ChatGPT will force us to get back to some hands on stuff, as they

say, and see if ChatGPT can put programmers out of business as well. Then again, if programmers are made

redundant, we will have plenty of need for problem solvers (Okuda et al., 1991; Nemhauser 1994; Mumford

et al., 2000; Zina 2005; Sarathy 2018). Just look around you? Plenty of problems still to be resolved. And

if there is no need for problem solvers anymore ... We will be in utopia or heaven then ... Then what is the

problem anyway?

8 Q&A in the Turing Test Plus D&A in our DNA

Of course, there had to be some discussion of the Turing Test (French 2000; Kashyap 2019-I; Figures 13; 14).

Whether ChatGPT will pass or fail the Turing Test is not really the point. Most of us humans, would not pass

the Turing Test at all times. As a reminder, the Turing test is actually a test to distinguish between a human

or a computer. There are certain protocols of engagement for the test to be conducted. And depending on

the level of sophistication, as to which human is our reference point for comparison and who is supervising

the test, most humans would not pass the test.

While some of the above narrative can seem harsh towards humans, in favor of other sentient creations,

let us remember that we have remarkable potential. Each one of us is capable of surprising even ourselves

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 18

9 NEXT STEPS AFTER THE NEXT STEPS? OR SIMPLY, WHAT NEXT?

by what we can do. For this to happen, what is necessary is a quest to unlock the powers we hold. The

capabilities we have been granted cannot be ignored and certainly they cannot be taken for granted.

8.1 The DNA of D&A (Definitions & Assumptions) and Q&A (Questions &
Answers)

Questions and Answers are mostly the mechanism we use to interact with ChatGPT and to perform the

Turing Test - also for a lot of other things as well. But the Definitions & Assumptions (D&A) behind those

Questions & Answers (Q&A) are, perhaps, even more important. Because changing D&A, which gives rise

to different Q&A, might even be telling us that Q&A and D&A could be in our very DNA, the biological

one, which are always changing (Alberts et al., 2002; End-note 7).

The Road-Map for AI given in Kashyap (2021) mentions that language is simply the first step in the

journey towards intelligence. This is also shown in the first picture for this article (Figure 1). Taking the

first step is the hardest part. Once this happens, the other steps will follow somewhat easily.

Calling ChatGPT the first step in the Road-Map for AI is to acknowledge that infinite

progress has been made towards making AI (or AC!!!) a reality.

The above secret to making infinite progress, from Kashyap (2019), has been stated more formally at the

end of the article in Appendix (14) and also illustrated in Figure (22) in Appendix (15).

9 Next Steps After The Next Steps? Or Simply, What Next?

1. Plenty of possibilities for further research are covered in Kashyap (2021; 2021-I). All of this article right

from the initial sections - in case someone has not noticed - are avenues for further exploration and

research.

2. Plenty more that is not covered elsewhere, based on our limited understanding, will be discussed in

later iterations. Surely, we cannot hope to cover everything in one paper in the first iteration itself.

3. Plenty more - plentier than the plentiful in the two points above - that we are not aware of, as of yet

but hope to comprehend sooner or later, will also be discussed later.

9.1 Areas for Immediate Inquiry and Further Research

Perhaps, the most essential exploration has to be a multi-faceted inquiry into the principle of inclusion and

the creation of “The Universal Identity”. We have listed a few fields that immediately seem to be pertinent:

Physics, Mathematics, Psychology, Economics and Computing Science. But since the boundaries between

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 19

11 A HAPPY ENDING: REAL CONSCIOUSNESS (RC) VERSUS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)

disciplines are artificial, casting a wider net to start investigations in seemingly far away branches of knowledge

would be helpful.

There are, of course, numerous efforts being devoted to utilize AI, and related techniques, towards var-

ious real life applications. Revisiting all such instances, after assuming the universal identity, might reveal

alternate options.These need to closely, and continuously, looked at. These developments are sure to affect

every walk of like. Hence being wary of unintended consequences, and creating robust societies, would be

the prudent approach.

Suffice it to say, the possibilities are endless.

10 Who We Really Are: An Unintended Yet Welcome Conse-

quence

In the journey towards creating AI, we seem to have taken the first step and in the process, we have made

infinite progress. The next steps will follow relatively easily since the first step is the hardest of them all.

This wisdom has been narrated in cultures across the world, suggested in stories and parables, that starting a

journey is the hardest part while embarking on any adventure. As we try to make AI a reality, an unintended

yet welcome consequence might be that, we will realize who we really are and the remarkable potential we

hold (Murphy 1958; Freeman 2004; Scheffler 2013; Eisler 2015; Reich 2018).

The source of most (all?) human conflict (and misunderstanding?) is not because of what is said (written)

and heard (read), but is partly due to how something is said and mostly because of the difference between

what is said and heard and what is meant and understood . . . Hence, we hope no one feels any offense to

whatever has been said in this paper.

If someone was indifferent to what has been said here, we should request that person to be ChatGPT’s,

and everyone else’s more importantly since ChatGPT claims to have a rather stoic temperament, teacher.

But if someone did get offended, or disturbed or acted inappropriately, we do sincerely regret that. Such

misunderstandings imply that we are merely human, full of Bias and B.S. (Bull Shit: End-note 8; Kashyap

2022). We need to rise above such prejudices, and focus on the real problems, to continue onward on this

journey.

11 A Happy Ending: Real Consciousness (RC) versus Artificial

Intelligence (AI)

Once that happens - transcending Bias and B.S. to focus on real problems as discussed in Section (10) - ”It

might mark the beginning of a more important journey towards creating real consciousness as

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 20

12 END-NOTES: AFTER THE INITIAL, IN THE MIDDLE, BEFORE THE FINAL

opposed to artificial intelligence” (Figure 21). As they say, we have to be very careful what we wish for

since it might just end up happening. Whatever it is that we seek, AI or AC or RC, and however elusive it

might appear, it is well within our powers to give this tale a happy ending.

As we conclude we pose this conundrum, which should not really be that much of a challenge since it is

a no brainer that needs no intelligence, as to what it is that we really want: Artificial Intelligence or Real

Consciousness (RC). For the uninitiated, real consciousness is nothing but an attempt to gain an awareness

of life, within and around, at every possible point in time (Dennett 1994; Krishnamurti 2000; Buttazzo 2001;

Block et al., 2014).

It is highly tempting to stipulate that RC research will need several papers, books and laboratories of its

own, but all it takes to create RC is a slight uptick in IQ. Not the Intelligence Quotient, but the Involvement

Quotient (IQ: Kashyap 2021-I) which simply requires us to, more throughly, use our sense faculties. And

once we start to search for real consciousness, another unintended yet welcome consequence might be that,

we will find pure happiness. As we have discussed, once the first step is taken, which is the hardest part, the

subsequent steps will follow much more easily. There is nothing artificial about the path to absolute bliss, it

is very genuine and well within reach.

12 End-notes: After the Initial, In the Middle, Before the Final

1. ChatGPT (chat generative pre-trained transformer) is a chatbot launched by OpenAI in November

2022. It is built on top of OpenAI’s GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned (an

approach to transfer learning) with both supervised and reinforcement learning techniques. ChatGPT,

Wikipedia Link

(a) ChatGPT can be reached at: ChatGPT, OpenAI Link.

2. OpenAI is an American artificial intelligence (AI) research laboratory consisting of the non-profit Ope-

nAI Incorporated (OpenAI Inc.) and its for-profit subsidiary corporation OpenAI Limited Partnership

(OpenAI LP). OpenAI conducts AI research to promote and develop friendly AI in a way that benefits

all humanity. OpenAI, Wikipedia Link

3. Valentine’s Day, also called Saint Valentine’s Day or the Feast of Saint Valentine, is celebrated annually

on February 14. It originated as a Christian feast day honoring a martyr named Valentine and through

later folk traditions, it has also become a significant cultural, religious and commercial celebration of

romance and love in many regions of the world. Valentine’s Day, Wikipedia Link

4. Machine learning (ML) is a field of inquiry devoted to understanding and building methods that ’learn’,

that is, methods that leverage data to improve performance on some set of tasks. It is seen as a part

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 21

12 END-NOTES: AFTER THE INITIAL, IN THE MIDDLE, BEFORE THE FINAL

of artificial intelligence. Machine learning algorithms build a model based on sample data, known as

training data, in order to make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed to do so.

Machine Learning, Wikipedia Link

5. Ismail (2014) mentions the following quote from Taleb, “Knowledge gives you a little bit of an edge,

but tinkering (trial and error) is the equivalent of 1,000 IQ points. It is tinkering that allowed the

industrial revolution”. This means that to match trial and error we need 1000 IQ points. But trial and

error could still give the wrong outcomes. We can try and fail many times and still be wrong. So in our

paper we make the assumption that we need 2000 IQ points to consistently make the right decisions.

The subtle point that arises from this discussion is that: we need 2000 IQ points to be right all the

time, but the problem is that the best of us has somewhere around 200 IQ points. Nassim Taleb and

Daniel Kahneman discuss Trial and Error / IQ Points, among other things, at the New York Public

Library on Feb 5, 2013.

6. We had heard about, and come across the notion of, a limitless identity (Olivelle 1996) from an early

age, but we became aware of it only when we saw the following video in 2018 (Vasudev & Sadhguru

2016: Memory, Consciousness & Coma, Sadhguru at Harvard Medical School, Youtube Link).

7. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA: Alberts et al., 2002) is a molecule composed of two chains (made of

nucleotides) that coil around each other to form a double helix carrying the genetic instructions used

in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms and many

viruses. DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are nucleic acids. Alongside proteins, lipids and complex

carbohydrates (polysaccharides), nucleic acids are one of the four major types of macromolecules that

are essential for all known forms of life. DNA, Wikipedia Link

8. Bias is not being able to see things clearly. B.S. is dishonesty, which is seeing something but saying it

is something else.

• Bias manifests due to the Baggage we carry in our lives or the B.S. we feed ourselves as we struggle

to comprehend and survive in the world around us. B.S. can also be considered a form of Bias

wherein there is an awareness of the difference between what is seen and what is acknowledged,

but this awareness is concealed. Bias is unintentional. B.S. is intentional.

• B.S. generally stands for Bull Shit. Note that, B.S. can also be Beautiful Sauce and even Bull Shit

can be a beautiful sauce to some, for example Dung Beetles (Hanski & Cambefort 2014).

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 22

12 END-NOTES: AFTER THE INITIAL, IN THE MIDDLE, BEFORE THE FINAL

• Our attempt, which is still in a very early stage, to probe further the distinctions between Bias

and B.S. is ongoing in a separate paper. It considers the most important question of all, which is

regarding "whether erroneous decisions are made due to Bias or if it is due to B.S.”. The goal of

this work is to come up with with several ways in which this differentiation between Bias or B.S.

can (should?) be made and the treatment for these two symptoms.

9. Although division by zero is not defined for real numbers, limits involving division by a real quantity x

which approaches zero may in fact be well-defined. For example,

sin x
lim =1 (1)
x→0 x

Of course, such limits may also approach infinity,

1
lim =∞ (2)
x→0+ x

For a detailed discussion, see: Kajander & Lovric 2018; Herrera et al., 2019; Burazin, Kajander & Lovric

2021; Bergstra 2019; 2021; 2022; Division by Zero, Mathworld Link; Division by Zero, Wikipedia Link.

10. "Ding Dong Song" is a song by Swedish pop singer Günther, featuring The Sunshine Girls, based on a

1984 Dutch hit called "Tralala" by Phil & Company. Ding Dong Song, Wikipedia Link

11. "So Long, Farewell" is a song from Rodgers and Hammerstein’s 1959 musical, The Sound of Music. So

Long Farewell, Wikipedia Link

12. The Sound of Music is a musical with music by Richard Rodgers, lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II,

and a book by Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse. The original Broadway production, starring Mary

Martin and Theodore Bikel, opened in 1959 and won five Tony Awards, including Best Musical, out of

nine nominations. The Sound of Music, Wikipedia Link

13. The Sound of Music is a 1965 American musical drama film produced and directed by Robert Wise,

and starring Julie Andrews and Christopher Plummer, with Richard Haydn, Peggy Wood, Charmian

Carr, and Eleanor Parker. The film is an adaptation of the 1959 stage musical of the same name,

composed by Richard Rodgers with lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II. The Sound of Music received five

Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director, Wise’s second pair of both awards, the first

being from the 1961 film West Side Story. The film also received two Golden Globe Awards, for Best

Motion Picture and Best Actress, the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directorial

Achievement, and the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Written American Musical. The Sound

of Music Film, Wikipedia Link

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 23

13 REFERENCES: SOME OF THESE CAN BE SLEEPING AIDS FOR SOME OF US

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14 APPENDIX A: ZERO, ONE ... INFINITY ... A THERAPEUTIC TOPIC, PLEASE DON’T PANIC.

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14 Appendix A: Zero, One ... Infinity ... A Therapeutic Topic,

Please Don’t Panic.

14.1 The Mouthwatering Menu with Math Masala

The Mathematical Proof of The First Step Equals Infinite Progress Result is outlined below using an axiom

and a theorem that follows from it (Figure 22). This result is repeated from Kashyap (2019) - with additional

clarifications - since, as we know, repetition is the key to learning.

Axiom 1. The benchmark to be successful in anything is to have made infinite progress.

Theorem 1. To make a significant amount of progress, in anything we do, we just need to recognize that

anyone who has taken one step forward has made an infinite percentage change from their starting position,

which we label as zero. It is safe to assume that infinite progress is significant progress.

Proof. Since the starting point is zero and the first step denotes a unit increment, the percentage change

becomes,
1−0
% Change from Zero to One = =∞ (3)
0

To be precise, we need to express this as,

1−a
% Change from Zero to One = lim+ = +∞ (4)
a→0 a

Here, a approaches zero from the positive real number axis, denoted as a → 0+ . This completes the proof

(End-note 9).

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14 APPENDIX A: ZERO, ONE ... INFINITY ... A THERAPEUTIC TOPIC, PLEASE DON’T PANIC.

The most important element to make infinite progress is to start from a zero position. Does this mean that

if we already know something, or have commenced something, we cannot make infinite progress anymore?

The lesson here is that, whatever we know or whatever we have done, if we have an open mind at all times,

without preconceived notions, we can continue to make a tremendous amount of progress.

We have to be ready to drop whatever knowledge, or memories or experiences, we have accumulated. If we

can do that, at every instant of time, we will perceive (sense is a better word here) whatever we encounter for

what it really is then remarkable things will continue to happen. Experience, and knowledge, can no doubt

be helpful. But if we needlessly hold on to what we have gathered, if we think we already know something

before we inspect it carefully, and we let the baggage of the past taint our perception of the present, surely

we will make only small incremental gains and the power to make infinite progress will elude us. Perhaps this

is also the reason why children are better learners than adults. This is also one way to tell whether someone

still has a child’s mind.

14.2 All Will Be Well ... So Long, Farewell ...

The material in Section (14) will be extremely helpful as a therapeutic aid, more so than the sleeping aids in

Section (13) even though it is not entirely clear which of these two sections is a more powerful sleeping aid,

if you are apprehensive about ChatGPT and his / her / its / their kind.

Be kind to them and all will be well.

So Long, Farewell ...

Remember that wonderful Song ???

Ding Dong !!!

Not that one, we meant the one from the sound of music ...

Despite the many similarities, discussed in Kashyap (2021-II), between mathematics and music ...

We will end with a few end-notes which are no comparison to musical notes ...

End-notes (10; 11; 12; 13) ...

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15 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS ILLUSTRATING ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

15 Appendix B: Additional Illustrations Illustrating Additional

Materials

15.1 Text from The Chat with ChatGPT

Figure 4: I Don’t Know A Great Answer OR I Don’t Know, A Great Answer

• In Figure (5) “one way” should have been “one day” in our comment. Perhaps, ChatGPT
is more thorough than all of us already?

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15 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS ILLUSTRATING ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

Figure 5: Double Agents: The Interchanging Roles of Teachers and Students

• In Figure (6) we, delightfully, concede that ChatGPT creators have done an impressive
job. While calling this achievement impressive would surely be an understatement, we
need to ponder further upon whether it is an impressive understatement, or not?

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15 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS ILLUSTRATING ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

Figure 6: Impressive: An Understatement. But is it an Impressive Understatement, or, Not?

• As someone said, the only thing we have to fear is fear itself. Easier said than done.
Figure (7) is only part of the discussion regarding internet access.

Figure 7: The Definition of Fear, My Dear

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15 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS ILLUSTRATING ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

• As shown in Figure (8) we got the proprietary punch on our screens, or faces, literally
and figuratively, several times during the discussion. The proprietary punch sounds like
a nice name for a cocktail.

Figure 8: The Proprietary Punch: A Nice Cocktail

Figure 9: Testing Period: More Public Proprietary Punches

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15 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS ILLUSTRATING ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

Figure 10: Age is a Matter of the Mind: But still too Young for a Cocktail

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 39

15 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS ILLUSTRATING ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

Figure 11: Deeper Understanding: How Deep is Deep?

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15 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS ILLUSTRATING ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

Figure 12: Insightful Modesty: Less is More

• The discussion in Figures (13; 14) needs some more clarifications. In Figure (13) Chat-
GPT claims that it can generate responses that are difficult to distinguish from those of
a human and that it is ultimately up to the evaluator to decide whether it has passed
the Turing Test or not. But in Figure (13) when informed that it has failed the Turing
Test, it says that being evaluated on the Turing Test would not be an accurate measure
of its abilities or capabilities.

• Perhaps, in Figure (13) ChatGPT did intend to convey that it is not designed with the
objective of passing the Turing Test. This also highlights the many issues that can arise
due to the limitations of the languages we use for communication. Stageberg (1968) has
a discussion of structural ambiguity with some examples. Clearly, the emotions of being
pleased or not, are expressed only in our comments in Figure (14) and ChatGPT contin-

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 41

15 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS ILLUSTRATING ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

ues to do what it does best: staying disconnected, or detached, and texting constantly
while being connected to a power source all the time.

Figure 13: Turing Test: Imitation in the Imitation Game

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15 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS ILLUSTRATING ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

Figure 14: Turing Test: Pass or Fail or Irrelevant

Figure 15: Further Learning Docket: Storing, Sorting, Training and Repeat

• As shown in Figure (16) ChatGPT very politely declined to be a coauthor showing great
maturity and wisdom.

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15 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS ILLUSTRATING ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

• We affectionately addressed ChatGPT as ChattyPitty, which he / she seems to have no

problems with (Figures 17; 18; 19). Though, given the excitement the discussion was
inducing in us - or various other unknown reasons - the name came out incorrectly.

• We later realized that we - perhaps - wanted to call ChatGPT: Chatty-Putty. Putty is a

term of endearment to address little baby girls. Putta is the counterpart for little baby
boys. This work is dedicated to all the Naughty-Puttas and Chatty-Putties running
around on different continents, planets, or operating systems. The Source of Creation
that manifests these little ones - as dictated by Nature - might be: Lust or Greed, but
let their Nurture be filled with Love and Altruism.

• The caption for Figure (19) mentions that Nomenclature Recollection is Not An Anony-
mously Anomalous Conclusion. Though it could be possible that Nomenclature Recol-
lection is Not An Anomalously Anonymous Conclusion.

Figure 16: Research Paper Contributions: Chatty Coauthor Confusions

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15 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS ILLUSTRATING ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

Figure 17: The Name Game: No One to Blame or a Pseudonym to Shame?

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 45

15 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS ILLUSTRATING ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

Figure 18: Like in a Video Game: The Legend got a Name

Figure 19: Nomenclature Recollection: Not An Anonymously Anomalous Conclusion

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15 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS ILLUSTRATING ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

Figure 20: Connections with Far Away Places and Computers: The Kick Ass Search Engine

Figure 21: The Purpose of Creation: Real Consciousness versus Artificial Intelligence

15.2 The Last Write-Up about The First Step

If a picture is worth a thousand words, a picture with a lot of words and a few symbols,
especially the infinity symbol: ∞, must be worth a lot more (Figure 22).

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 47

 15 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL ILLUSTRATIONS ILLUSTRATING ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

Source: Kashyap, R. (2019). For Whom the Bell (Curve) Tolls: A to F, Trade Your Grade
Based on the Net Present Value of Friendships with Financial Incentives. The Journal of
Private Equity, 22(3), 64-81.
Figure 22: The First Step Equals Infinite Progress: Certainly not the Least, Just Saving the Best for Last.

© 2021 Author. All Rights Reserved. 48

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