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This document discusses topics in linear algebra including linear transformations, rank-nullity theorem, and matrix representations. It provides examples of linear and non-linear transformations. It also presents problems involving finding the null space, range space, and matrix representations of various linear transformations between vector spaces and determining properties such as rank and linear independence.

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pratyay ganguly
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24 views

Tutorial 3 2

This document discusses topics in linear algebra including linear transformations, rank-nullity theorem, and matrix representations. It provides examples of linear and non-linear transformations. It also presents problems involving finding the null space, range space, and matrix representations of various linear transformations between vector spaces and determining properties such as rank and linear independence.

Uploaded by

pratyay ganguly
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linear Algebra, Numerical and Complex Analysis (MA11004)

Department of Mathematics
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Tutorial 3, Spring 2024

Topics: Linear transformation, rank-nullity theorem, matrix representation of linear transfor-


mation.

1. Check the following mappings are linear transformation or not:

(a) T : R3 → R2 defined by T (x, y, z) = (x2 , |y| + z) for all (x, y, z) ∈ R3 .


(b) T : P3 (R) → P4 (R) defined by T (p(x)) = (1 − x)p0 (0) − xp(x), where Pn (R) denotes
the vector space of all polynomials in x of degree at most n with real coefficients.

2. Consider the vector space C over the field C. Give an example of a function φ : C → C
such that φ(w + z) = φ(w) + φ(z) for all w, z ∈ C, but φ is not a linear transformation.

3. Find the null space and range space of the following linear transformations. Also find
their respective dimensions and verify the rank-nullity theorem.
Z x
0
(a) T : P2 (R) → P3 (R) defined by T (f (x)) = 2f (x) + 3f (t)dt.
0
(b) T : R3 → R2 , defined by T (x, y, z) = x−y−z , z2 .

2
A − AT
(c) T : M2×2 (R) → M2×2 (R) defined by T (A) = for all A ∈ M2×2 (R), where
2
M2×2 (R) denotes the vector space of all 2 × 2 real matrices, and AT denotes the
transpose of A.

4. (a) Determine the linear transformation T : R2 → R3 such that T (1, 1) = (1, 0, 2) and
T (2, 3) = (1, −1, 4).
(b) Determine the linear transformation T : R3 → R2 which maps the basis vectors
{(1, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0), (0, 0, 1)} of R3 to the vectors {(1, 1), (2, 3), (3, 2)} respectively.
(i) Find T (1, 1, 0) and T (6, 0, −1).
(ii) Find the null space N (T ) and the range space R(T ).
(iii) Prove that T is not one-to-one but onto.

5. Find the matrices of the linear transformations with respect to the given ordered bases:
d3
(a) D : P4 (R) → P4 (R) defined by D(p(x)) = 3 (p(x)), with respect to the ordered
dx3
basis {1, x, x2 , x3 , x4 } for both P4 (R).
(b) T : P3 (R) → M2×2 (R) by
 00 
2f (0) f (3)
T (f (x)) =
0 f 0 (2)
       
1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
with respect to the ordered basis {1, x, x2 , x3 } and , , , .
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1

1
6. Show that there does not exist a linear transformation T : R5 → R5 such that R(T ) =
N (T ).

7. Let A be a 5 × 3 matrix having the null space spanned by the column matrices
     
1 3 7
−1 ,  2  , and 3 .
2 −1 0

Find the rank of A.

8. A linear transformation T : R2 → R3 is defined by


 
  x1 + x2
x1
T = x1 − x2  .
x2
2x1
 
x1
Find the matrix A such that T (X) = AX, where X = . Describe the null-space of
x2
T.

9. Let V be a finite dimensional vector space and let T be a linear transformation from V
to itself. Suppose that rank(T 2 )=rank(T ). Prove that the range and null space of T are
disjoint, i.e., have only the zero vector in common.

10. Let V and W be vector spaces over the field F and T : V → W be a linear transformation.
If {u1 , u2 , . . . un } are in V such that {T (u1 ), T (u2 ), . . . , T (un )} are linearly independent in
W , then show that {u1 , u2 , . . . un } are linearly independent in V . Does the converse hold
true? Justify.

**********

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