Acknowledgements

Advisory
Smt.NidhiChhibber
(IAS),Chairperson,CentralBoardofSecondaryEducation,Delhi

Dr.BiswajitSaha
Director(SkillEducation),CentralBoardofSecondaryEducation,Delhi

Dr.JosephEmmanuel
Director(Academics),CentralBoardofSecondaryEducation,Delhi

Coordinator&Curator:
Shri.R.P.Singh
JointSecretary(SkillEducation),CentralBoardofSecondaryEducation,Delhi

Smt.NitiShankerSharma
DeputySecretary(SkillEducation),CentralBoardofSecondaryEducation,Delhi

Shri.SandeepSethi
Coordinator,PrincessDiyaKumariFoundation

ContentDevelopmentCommittee:
Mr.StephenMarazzi

Layout and
Design:Mr. Stephen
MarazziMs.Jayalaksh
mi
 FOREWORD

WithanaimtoovercomethesocialstatushierarchyassociatedwithSkill(Vocational)
Education, the NEP 2020 has recommended integration of SkillEducation
Programme in mainstream education in all the educational institutionsand
exposing students at early ages to quality Skill Education through the
middleandsecondaryschoolandsmooth integrationintohighereducation/vocation.

The world of academia has an important responsibility to meet the

requirementsof the practical world and preparestudentswith the knowledge and
skills thatthey require to adapt to the new world order. In this direction, it is
prudent toexposethemtosuchconceptsearlyontheireducationaljourney.

This handbook on ‘Mask Making’ is a step in this direction. This Mask

Makingmanual aims to introduce students about masks of different states through
hands-onactivities.

We would like to congratulate Ms. Mallika Preman (Principal, Tagore

InternationalSchool,EastofKailash),forherconstantsupporttoaccomplishtheprojects
uccessfully.Wewouldalsoliketothankallmembersofteamwhoworkedtowardscomple
tionof thismanual.

Due care has been taken to keep the book content simple and easy to
understand.The progression of topics too is carefully designed as it transitions
from the mostfundamentalconceptsof MaskMakinginaguidedmanner.

We sincerely hope that the handbook is well received by the students, and
theycan leverage the learnings provided therein. Any suggestions for the
improvementofthebookarewelcome.
Index
MASKMaking–forGrade7 Page

ImportantNotesforTeachers
1
MapofIndia
Topic1- (A) Drawing yourMask/Organizingyourmaterials 2
(B) MakingyourDrawing.
Topic 2- (A) ColouringyourMask/Organizingyourmaterials 4
(B) Colouringyourdrawing.
Topic 3- (A) ANDHRA PRADESH/ButtaBumalu 6
(B) ButtaBommalumask.
Topic 4- (A) HIMACHALPRADESH/PadliPhagli 8
(B) PadliPhaglimask.
Topic 5- (A) JAMMU&KASHMIR/Heeran 10
(B) Heeranmask.
Topic 6- (A) JHARKHAND/SerailelaChhau 12
(B) SeraikelaChhaumask.
Topic 7- (A) PastingyourMask/Organizingyourmaterials 14
(B) Pastingyourcoloureddrawing.
Topic 8- MiniExhibition-cum-Sale
16
PuzzlePage 17

Topic9-
(A) LADAKH/Chham 18
(B) Chhammask.
Topic10-(A)MAHARASHTRA/Bohada 20
(B) Bohadamask.
Topic11- (A)ODISHA/PashuNritya 22
(B)PashuNrityamask.
Topic12-(A)RAJASTHAN/Gavari 24
(B)Gavarimask.
Topic13- (A) UTTARAKHAND–Raman 26
(B) Ramanmask.
Topic14-(A)WESTBENGAL–Gomira 28
(B)Gomiramask.
Topic15-(A)Organizingyourmaterials 30
(B)Finishingyourmask.
Topic16-GALAYear-endEXHIBITION-CUM-SALE 32
References
_33
Glossary 34
ImportantNotesforTeachers

Thiscourseis madeforyouandyourstudentstoenjoy.
1. Itisassumedthattheclasswouldbeheldforatotaldurationof60minutes,hence,teacher
s, may kindly follow the suggested timings for each section (mentioned
inbrackets),tohelpcompleteclass work.
2. Sections ‘(A) READ, UNDERSTAND AND DISCUSS’ and ‘(B) PRACTICAL WORK ’ are to
beattemptedinthatorderandcompletedinclass.However,incaseswheresomestudentsare
unable to complete their work under Section (B), for valid reasons, (and in order tostay
within the suggested time-frame), the teacher may allow them to complete it
ashomework.
3. Teachersarerequestedtokindlyreadeachchapterthoroughly,beforeintroducingittothe
class, so they may be well-prepared to guide students and reply to their
queries,particularlyinthecaseofsection(B)PRACTICALWORK.
4. InformationaboutvariousstatesofIndia,appearingundersection(A),isverybasic.Ifstude
ntsarekeentoknowmore,Teachersmayencouragethemtoexplorefurtherontheir own,
while guiding their searches through websites and books which may
beavailabletothem.
5. To help students expand their vocabulary with clear understanding of the
language,certain words have been highlighted in blue in the text. Simple explanations
for eachhavebeengiven,chapter-
wise,intheGlossaryonpages34to36.Pleasehelpthemusethisaidwell.
6. In order that more students are able to participate, chapter-wise masks through
eachterm, are kept simple, mainly focused on mastering basic drawing and
colouringtechniques.Cutoutsandfinishingofbasicmasks
shapes,withouttoomuchrelieforadd-ons,aredoneattheendofeachterm.
7. Students must be frequently reminded to correctly label every mask they make,
asshownonpage15,Chapter7,SectionB,boxmarked“Label”.Ifdoneregularly,thiswill
greatlyhelpincollatingend-of-termdetails.
8. Attheendofeachclass,undertheheading,‘Teachersclosingremarks/instructionstostude
nts’, Teachers may lightly quiz them on material included in Sections (A) of
eachchapter,or,includefew,simplepointsoftheirown,basedonneedstheyobserve.Thisisi
nadditiontopointsalreadygiveninafewinstances.
9. This manual is designed with the specific intent of ‘learning through exploration
anddiscovery, without the pressure of tests, in order that students enjoy the benefits
oflearning with maximum enjoyment. The curriculum has, for this reason, been
designedwith a greater emphasis on practical work done by students themselves. No
marks
orpenaltieshavebeenenvisagedforrightorwrongoutcomes,onlytheextentofstudents’app
licationmatters.Hence,teachersmusthelpstudentsstayontrackwiththepracticalworkund
ersection(B)ofchapters,inordertoachieveareasonableoutcome.Teachersmay thus, help
them with their own ideas to further simplify procedures or usealternative,locally
availablematerials.

TEACHERSMAYUSETHEIRDISCREATIONONHOWBESTTOHELPSTUDENTSGETTHEIRWORKDONE.REQUIREMENTSAREKEPTSAFE,
SIMPLE,WITHEASILYOBTAINABLEWORKMATERIALS,TOSUITBOTHONLINEOROFFLINECLASSES.
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg. 1

MapofIndia
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg. 2

TERMI

Chapter1
LearningObjectives
Learninghowtoorganizedrawingmaterialsandtheirsafestorage.Learningho
wtodrawabasicmaskdesign.

DRAWINGYOURMASK

A. ORGANIZINGYOURMATERIALS (20minutes)

YourDrawingMaterials
Youwillneedtoorganizethefollowingmaterialsbeforeyoustartyourdrawingwork:
▪ Pencil
▪ Eraser/rubber
▪ Sharpener
▪ 12inchruler/scale
▪ BlankA4whitepapersheets–20nos.
▪ RoughNoteBook.

SafeStorage
For storage of blank A4 size drawing sheets and completed
drawings,youwillneedtwofoldersofapproximateA3size(13inchesx18inch
es):

Folder1:forblankA4sizedrawingsheets
Folder2:forhalf-completed/completeddrawings.

Forthispurpose,youmayuseanyofthefollowing:2old
cardboardfolders
2usedornewA3 sizeenvelopes
2self-
madenewspaperenvelopes2discarde
dreadymade-shirtboxes
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.3

B. MAKINGYOURDRAWING (40minutes)

Helpfultips
1. Makesureyourdrawingsurface(table/
stool/flooronwhichyouwillplaceyourdrawingsheet)islevel,clean
anddry.
2. Makesureyourhandsarecleananddrytoo.
3. Alwayskeepaplainsheetofpaperonyourdrawingcard
sheet, on which you rest your hand while
drawing.4.Makesureyourpencilissharpened,justenough
(nottoopointed).DONOTDROPYOURPENCILasthe
leadinsidegetsdamaged.Keepitsafelyinapencilboxortraynearyou.
5. You must have enough light when drawing. So you can see everything you do without
difficulty.6.Use very light strokes when making your drawing, so that if you make a mistake, you can
erase yourstrokesandredrawthemcorrectlywithoutspoilingyourdrawingorthe
drawingsheet.Youcandarkenyourstrokesoncethedrawingiscomplete.

Drawingstep-by-step
FollowthisprocedureforSection‘(B)Look,Draw,Make’of Chapters3 to6 and9to14:
LookatthepictureB2ofthemaskyouneedtodraw.Notethebasicshapeofthemask.Isitcircular?Oval?Halfe
llipse?square?Rectangular?Triangular?
MeasurethelengthandwidthofyourdrawingsheetB1anddrawpencillinesAB,CD.
Notingthe
heightandwidthoftheoverallshapeinB2,lightlydrawtheshapeonsheetB1,usinglinesABandCDasguides.
Sinceyouwillbedrawinga
face,itisassumedthatthepartsofthefacearesymmetrical(thelefthalfissimilartotherighthalf).So,looking
atthedrawingB2, andusingtheguidelinesAB, CDtogiveyouthecorrectpositions,markoutonB1,the
positionoftheeyes,eyebrows,nose,mouth,earsand
drawthemwithlightstrokes.Youmaydothisjustbyfreehand,or,takinga helpofaruler
tocheckmeasurements.Whensatisfiedwithyoureffort,youcandarkenthepencilstrokes.
Now, looking at B2, in the same way draw other items like the hairline/
headwear/jewellery/decorationthatmake thedesigndifferentandspecial,tillyourB1drawingis
complete. NowgentlyerasetheguidelinesABandCD.
FollowthisprocedureforallyourMaskdrawingsinthisbook.

A A A

C D C D C D

B B B
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg. 4

Chapter2
LearningObjectives
Learninghowtoorganizecolouringmaterialsandtheirsafestorage.
Learninghowto colourabasicmaskdesign.

COLOURINGYOU RMASK

A. ORGANIZINGYOURMATERIALS
(15minutes)
YourColouringMaterials
Youwillneedtoorganizethefollowingmaterialsbeforeyo
ustartyourcolouringwork:
▪ ColourPencilsset
▪ Crayonsset
▪ Sharpener
▪ Blackfeltpensforoutlines
▪ CompleteddrawingoutlineonA4sizew
hitepaper.
▪ RoughNoteBook.

SafeStorage
▪ Use a discarded cardboard box to keep all
yourabovecolouringmaterialssafeandreadilyavailabl
e.
▪ Forblanksheetsandcompleteddrawings,notepointsgiveninC
hapter1.
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg. 5

B. MAKINGYOURDRAWING (40minutes)

Helpfultips
You may choose to colour your drawing only with colour pencils or only crayons.
However,colouringwithpencilsareverysoftandlight,andnoteye-
catching.Crayonscertainlyproduceabrighter finish. You may also use both colour pencils and
crayons, as has been done in the B2drawings in this book. Both pencils and crayons don’t need
to dry and are also not likely to getsmudged.And, onthe
whole,pencilsandcrayonsarecheaperandaloteasiertousethanwatercoloursoracryliccolours,andy
et,veryeffective.
Withcolourpencilsandcrayons,itis advisableto-

start colouring Then, thengoin and with

atthe centre of thelarg g onto blackat the
thedrawing, er areas likethe darkerco verylast.
movingoutwards, forehead,cheeks, lours,
OR, startcolouring jaw,ears,hair,
smallerareasofyourdr headwearetc.
awingfirst, like starting YOU MAY USE BLACK FELT PENS TO
OUTLINEYOURMASKDRAWING.OUTERMOSTO
eyes,eyebrows, withlightercolou
UTLINESHOULD BE THICKER AS THIS WILL BE
mouth,nose,first, rs, YOUR‘CUTTINGLINE’LATERINCHAPTER15.

Pencilsworkbetterforstrongeroutlinesandfinerdetails,(eyebrows,eyes,nose,ears,mouth,jewellery,
designs on headwear, etc.), while crayons are better for filling in bigger spaces
orbackgrounds,usingbroad,roughstrokes(forehead,cheeks,jawsearsetc.)

LearningOutcomes
Knowinghowtoorganizeandstorecolouringmaterials.Knowingho
wtocolourabasicmaskdesign.

Teacher’sclosingremarks/Instructionstostudents: (5Minutes)
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.6

Chapter3
LearningObjectives
LearningaboutafewbasicfeaturesofthestateofAndhraPradesh.
LearningabouttheButtaBommalumaskanddance,popularinregionsofthestate.

A. READ,UNDERSTAND,DISCUSS (15minutes)

ANDHRA PRADESH is a state in the south-eastern coastal region of India with

thecapital being Amaravati. It is bordered by Telangana to the northwest, Chhattisgarh to
thenorth, Odisha to the north-east, and, to the East, the Bay of Bengal. Home to
49,386,799inhabitants,itsofficiallanguageisTelugu.AndhraPradeshhasinterestinggeographicfea
tures.While two prominent rivers flow through the state, it has a 975 km coastline on the
East,practically running parallel to the entire length of the state. It has a rich diversity of flora
andfauna,mineralreservesandgems,andisalsoamajorproducerofrice,andknownasthe“ricebowl
of India”. The state's natural attractions include the beaches of Visakhapatnam, hillstations
such as the Araku Valley and Horsley Hills, and the deltas of Konaseema in
theGodavaririver,andDiviseemaintheKrishnariver.

ButtaBommalu,whichliterallymeans,‘baskettoys’,andalsocalled‘DanceoftheMasks’,is a
fascinating folk dance of Andhra Pradesh, performed to celebrate happiness duringfestivals.
Very popular with children, the Butta Bommalu dance has large, colourful, toy-like,dancing
figures which create an environment of enjoyment. The dance is simple and can beperformed
by anyone, with just a little practice. It is usually performed by a group of four toeight persons.
The dancers do not speak or sing, but simply follow the actions of one another,as they move to
the beat of the Dappu, a drum-like instrument. The basket-like structures,worn by the dancers,
are made of bamboo strips, covered with brightly coloured fabric
andmasks,andassucharelightandeasyforthewearerstoperforminandcarryaboutfromplaceto
place. Butta Bommalu is popular all year round as its costumes, masks and characters
arechangedtosuitdifferentfestivals.

PictureCredithttps:// Picture Picture

1.bp.blogspot.com/- Credithttps://1.bp.blogspot. Credithttps://1.bp.blogspot.
com/- com/-
0dW65HAWfAA/YNbZEocYhAI/AAAAAAAATqc/V55hdXrfc97lE_1J5U/YNbZErB_evI/AAAAAAAATqg/1b MfabtYX0vFg/YNbZL0THVrI/AAAAAAAATqo/x
Ws4I1CcIUhG3Ayz-
fYKKHDMKgbJZp42EUt4OR9pwBIn0mdgCLcB y9VkJc6JiciwvJ_YyUlnXL4JRlJOqHlQCLcBGAsYHQ/s1024/Gaa
MDoJnOevrwCLcBGAsYHQ/s259/Garudi%2BGombe%2
B1.jpg GAsYHQ/s320/Gaarudi_Gombe_2.jpg rudi%2BGombe%2B3.jpg
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.7

B. LOOK,DRAW,MAKE (40minutes)

ABUTTABOMMALUmask B2

B1
11½inches

8½inches

LearningOutcomes
Knowing about a few basic features of the state of Andhra
Pradesh.KnowingabouttheButtaBommaludanceandmasks,popularinthest
ate.

Teacher’sclosingremarks/instructions (5minutes)

Suggestedviewing
ButtaBomaludanceonYouTube
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.8

Chapter4
LearningObjectives
LearningaboutafewbasicfeaturesofthestateofHimachalPradesh
LearningaboutthePaldiFaglimask anddance,popularinregionsofthestate.

A. READ,UNDERSTAND,DISCUSS (15minutes)

HIMACHALPRADESHisastateinthenorthernpartofIndia.SituatedintheWesternHimalay
as, it is one of the eleven mountain states with rugged landscape of mountains andrivers. It
shares borders with the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh to thenorth, and
the states of Punjab to the west, Haryana to the southwest, Uttarakhand to thesoutheast and
a very narrow border with Uttar Pradesh to the South. The state also shares
aninternationalbordertotheeastwiththe TibetAutonomousRegionin China.
PaldiFagli,whichcomesfromtheword‘Phag’,orlunarcalendar(betweenFebruaryandMarch),ce
lebratestheawakeningofthegodsandbiddingfarewelltolongwinter.
ItiscelebratedindifferentpartsofKulluvalley,HimachalPradesh,withcostumesandmasks
varyingfromvillagetovillage.

In Malana village, after fasting for a full day, three barefoot masked dancers in
traditionalclothes, have their bodies wrapped in branches and leaves of trees. They wear
masks
whichhaveadarkbackgroundcolour,withyellowdotsoverit,andmoustachesmadeoffur.Inothervill
ages, masks are of different colours and some even have feathers and fur attached.

Picture
Credithttps://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedi
a/commons/thumb/e/e7/Fagli_Festival.jpg/8
00px-Fagli_Festival.jpg?20200222031401
Theyperformtheirdanceastheymovethroughthevillage,tothesoundoftrumpetsanddrums.
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.9

B. LOOK, DRAW,MAKE (30minutes)

AFAGLImask B2

B1

LearningOutcomes
Knowing about a few basic features of the state of Himachal
Pradesh.KnowingabouttheFaglimaskanddance,popularinregionsofthestat
e.

Teacher’sclosingremarks/instructions (5minutes)

Suggestedviewing
PaldiFagliofHimachalPradesh,onYouTube
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.10

Chapter5
LearningObjectives
LearningaboutafewbasicfeaturesofthestateofJammu&Kashmir
LearningabouttheHeeranmaskanddance,popularinregionsofthestate.

A. READ,UNDERSTAND,DISCUSS (15minutes)

JAMMU & KASHMIR, is a region administered by India as a union territory

andconsisting of the southern portion of the larger Kashmir region. It is home to several
valleyssuch as the Kashmir Valley, Tawi Valley, Chenab Valley, Poonch Valley, Sind Valley and
LidderValley.TheJhelumRiveris
themajorHimalayanriverwhichflowsthroughtheKashmirvalley.TheTawi,RaviandChenabaretheot
herimportantriversflowingthroughtheregion
The Kashmir Valley is known for its sericulture and cold-water fisheries. Wood from Kashmir
isused to make high-quality cricket bats, popularly known as Kashmir Willow. Major
agriculturalexportsfromJammuandKashmirincludeapples,pears, cherries,plums,saffronand
walnuts. The traditional Kashmiri handicrafts, Carpet weaving, silks, shawls, basketry,
pottery,copper and silverware, papier-mâché, walnut wood, flowers and plants, due to the
suitableclimate.
Heeran or Deer dance is a folk tradition of Jammu and Kashmir, carried out by the
peoplemainly at Lohri, a popular festival in northern India. Heeran, once popular in most parts
of thestate, now remains limited to the villages of Jammu region. The Heeran dance is done at
night,usuallybyatroupeofmen,withthemain attractionbeingtheHeeran–aman
withtheHeeranmaskandcostume,accompaniedbyotherdancersindifferentcostumes.Thetroupe
dancesitsway through the village, stopping at houses to collect gifts of sweets and dry fruits
beforemovingontoother areas.

PictureCredithttps://i.ytimg.com/vi/xihriLkSNF
w/maxresdefault.jpg Picture
Credithttps://i.ytimg.com/vi/nnF_2Cej19Y/maxresdefault.jpg
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.11

B. LOOK,DRAW,MAKE (40minutes)

B2
AHEERANmask

B1

LearningOutcomes
KnowingaboutafewbasicfeaturesofJammu&Kashmir.
KnowingabouttheHeeranmaskanddance,popularinregionsofthestate.

Teacher’sclosingremarks/instructions (5minutes)

Suggestedviewing
HeerandanceofJammu,onYouTube
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.12

Chapter6
LearningObjectives
LearningaboutafewbasicfeaturesofJharkhandandaboutSeraikelaChhauandmasks.
LearninghowtomakeaSeraikelaChhaumask.

A. READ,UNDERSTAND,DISCUSS (15minutes)

JHARKHAND,(meaning'thelandofforests’),isastateineasternIndia.Thecityof
Ranchiisitscapital.ItsharesborderswithBihartothenorth, UttarPradesh tothe
northwest,Chhattisgarhtothewest,OdishatothesouthandWestBengaltotheeast.Hindiisthe
official language of the state. The state is known for its waterfalls, hills and holy
places;Baidyanath Dham, Parasnath and Rajrappa are major religious sites. The state was
formed in2000,fromtheterritorythathadpreviouslybeenpartofBihar.
SeraikelaChhauis amoststylized,formofChhaudancepracticedinJharkhand.Masksarean
important part of Seraikela Chhau, as the face of the performer being invisible to theaudience,
it take great skill of the dancers to express emotions only through postures
andmovementsofthe body,accompaniedonlybytherhythmicbeatofdrums.
Themasksarerelativelylight.Theycovertheentirefaceoftheperformerandhavesmallholesfor eyes
and nostrils which limits vision of the dancers and makes breathing difficult. This ispossibly
one of the reasons why Seraikela Chhau compositions do not last more than tenminutes.

PictureCredithttps://www.deccanchronicle.co PictureCredithttps://jharkhandculture.com/sit
PictureCredithttps://www.sahapedia.org/st
m/150227/nation-current- es/default/files/inline-images/s1.jpg
ories-behind-the-masks
affairs/article/pandit-dubey-
present-chhau
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.13

B. LOOK,DRAW,MAKE (40minutes)

ASERAIKELA B2

CHHAUmask

B1

LearningOutcomes
KnowingaboutafewbasicthingsaboutJharkhandandtheSeraikelaChhaudanceandmasks.Knowing
howtomakeaSeraikelaChhaumask.

Teacher’sclosingremarks/instructions (5minutes)

Suggestedviewing
SeraikelaChhauofJharkhand,onYouTube.
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.14

Chapter7
Learni ng Objectives
Learninghowtoorganizepastingmaterialsandtheirsafestorage.Learningho
wtopasteabasicmaskdrawing.

PASTINGYOURMASK

A. ORGANIZINGYOURMATERIALS (15minutes)

YourPastingMaterials
Youwillneedtoorganizethefollowingmaterialsbeforeyo
ustartyourcolouringwork:
▪ Paperglue,orFevicol.
▪ Cleancottonclothrag.
▪ Pairofscissors.
▪ YourcolouredMaskdrawingonA4paper.
▪ Cardboardsheet,or,thickIvorysheet,
or,old/unused/discardedcardboardpackaging.

CARDBOARDSHEET

DISCARDEDCARDBOARDPACKAGING

UNUSED/OLD UNUSED/OLDC
CARDBOARDBOX UNUSED/OLDCAR
ARDBOARDPIECE DBOARDFOLDER
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.15

B. PASTINGYOURCOLOUREDDRAWING (40minutes)

Keepyourclean,cotton,clothragnearbyalways,Youwillconstantlyneedittokeepyourpastinginp
lace,andalsoyourfingersclean.

2Spreadtheglue/fevicolu Placealoose,cleanA4
sheetonthecoloured
3
niformly on the side of your
entireback of the drawingandverygently
paper, andpaste it to patthesurfacetoensure
thecardboardsurface. itis all stuck well to
thecardboard.
Ona clean
1 working
surface,applypap
erglue,or,
Put your pasted
drawing in
4
Fevicol, onthe aclean, dry
entirereverse of placeso that it is
yourA4 sheet drieswell.Whenc
onwhich you ompletely
havecompleted dry,put your
yourcoloured Drawinginyourfol
Maskdrawing. der.

Label:
Paste
Makethefollowinglabel(ofapproximately6cmsx2cmsinsize):
yourLabel on
YourNameandclass,forexample:M SANJEEVSHARMA,CLASSVIIA,
thebackofev
ask No. and Name, for Maskno.1:ButtaBommalumask20
erymask
example:Dateofmaking,forexampl August2022
youmake.
e:

Learni ng Objectives
Knowinghowtoorganizeandcompletethepastingofamask.

Teacher’sclosingremarks/Instructionstostudents: (5Minutes)
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.16

Chapter8
MASKSFORMINIEXHIBITION-CUM-SALE(Suggestive)

Students,thisbeingthelastclassforTerm1,youmayhelpyourTeachercollectallMasksmadeby your
class, and present them at a small, enjoyable Mask Exhibition-cum-Sale, to which
youmayinviteyourteachers,familymembersandfriends.Theamount
collected through the mask sale could be used to provide
muchneededschoolbooks,bags,uniformsetc.to
someneedychildrenyoumay knowof.

Completion
Checkthateachmaskyouhavemadeiscompleteandcorrectly
labelledwithyourName,classandsection.

Costing
Sinceallofyouwouldhavemadeyourmasksthesamesizeandwiththesamebasicmaterials,a
reasonablecostingof yourmaskcouldbeworkedoutas follows:

Costofmaterialsused Rs 25.00
Labourandtime Rs 55.00
ProfitMargin Rs 20.00
Totalcostofmask Rs.100.00

Exhibition-cum-Sale
ToholdasmallExhibition-cum-
saleofyourMasks,withyourTeacher’shelp,youandyourclassmateswouldneedto:
1. Decideonadateandtimefortheevent.
2. AsyourTeacherwouldhavepicturesofyourcompletedmasks,theymaybepresentedonlinei
nasuitablearrangementforinterestedpeopletoseethemandperhapschoosewhichmasks
theywouldliketobuy.
3. Ifitis possibletoholdtheeventinyourschool,yourownclassroomwouldbetheideal
location.
4. Organizehowyourmasks,withpricesmarked,couldbebestdisplayedintheclass.
5. TheLunchbreakcouldbethebesttimeforotherteachersandstudentstovisityourclassan
dviewyourmaskdisplay.
6. Talktothosewhovisit,aboutyourplantosellyourmaskstoraiseasmallamounttohelpsom
eneedychildrenofyourschool.
7. Takepicturesofdisplaysandpeopleattending.
8. Enjoy!
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.17

PUZZLEPAGE
HelpPintoo,theboy,reachMintoo,themask.
One afternoon, Pintoo and Mintoo were travelling together from the village to a town nearby. Just
forfuntheybothdecidedtotryoutnewroutestogetthere.
Afteranhourofwalkingseparately,theybothrealized thattheywere lost.Can you help Pintooto
reachMintoothrough the

MINTOO

PINTOO

mazebeforeitgetsdark?(Takeaprintoutofthispage,thenuseapenciltotraceoutthepathfromPintootoMintoo
.)

Namet he Mask Unscrambletheletterstorevealthecorrect

ENRHEA DIAPLIGFLA LIRESAKEAHUCAH namesofthethreeMasks.
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.18

Chapter9
LearningObjectives
LearningaboutafewbasicfeaturesofthestateofLadhakhandabouttheHemisFestival.
LearninghowtomakeaChhammask.

A. READ,UNDERSTAND,DISCUSS (15minutes)

LADKAKH is a region located in the northernmost part of India. It was established as

aunionterritoryof
Indiaon31October2019,followingthepassageoftheJammuandKashmirReorganisation Act. It
extends from the Siachen Glacier in the north to the main GreatHimalayas to the south. The
largest town in Ladakh is Leh, followed by Kargil, each of
whichheadquartersadistrict.TheLehdistrictcontainstheIndus,ShyokandNubrarivervalleys.TheKar
gildistrictcontainstheSuru,DrasandZanskarrivervalleys.
Ladakhahigh-altitudedesertwithextremelyscarcevegetationovermostofitsarea.Eventhen,
it is home to a range of rare animals like, The bharal or blue sheep, the Asiatic ibex
,whichisaveryelegantmountaingoat,Thekiang,orTibetanwilddonkey,the
endangeredTibetanantelope,knownaschiru,snowleopards,theEurasianlynx,thePallas'scat,th
eTibetanwolf,thebrownbear,theTibetansandfox,andamongsmaller
animals,marmots,hares,andseveraltypesofpikaandvole.

TheHemisFestival of Ladakh is celebrated every year on the birth anniversary of

GuruPadamsambhav. This festival is mainly celebrated by the Buddhist community but is
eagerlywatched and enjoyed by people of all religions and cultures. It is a two-day celebration
at
theHemisBuddhistMonastery,whichmarksthevictoryofgoodoverevil.Attractinghugenumbersofd
evoteesandtouristseachyear,thehighlightofthefestivalistheChhamandDevildances,where
dancers in stunning costumes and masks perform movements that are unique, to theimpactful
sounds of traditional drums, horns and cymbals. An impressive fair is also
heldshowcasingthebestoflocalhandicraftsandfood,

PictureCredithttps://traveltria PictureCredithttps://www.j PictureCredithttps://815140518293932114.we

ngle.com/blog/hemis-festival/ u-lehadventure.com/ladakh- ebly.com/rituals.html
information/festivals-of-ladakh
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.19

B. LOOK,DRAW,MAKE (40minutes)

B2
ACHHAMmask

B1

LearningOutcomes
KnowingaboutafewbasicfeaturesofLadhakhandabouttheHemisFestival.
KnowinghowtomakeaChhammask.

Teacher’sclosingremarks/instructions (5minutes)

Suggestedviewing
TheHemisFestivalofLadhakh.
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.20

Chapter10
LearningObjectives
LearningaboutafewbasicfeaturesofthestateofMaharashtra.
LearningabouttheBohadamask anddance,popularinregionsofthestate.

A. READ,UNDERSTAND,DISCUSS (15minutes)

MAHARASHTRAisastateinthewesternandcentralpeninsularregionofIndia.Spread
over 307,713 km2Maharashtra is the third-largest state by area in India. It is bordered
bytheArabianSeatothewest,thestatesofKarnatakaandGoatothesouth,Telanganatothesouth
east and Chhattisgarh to the east, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh to the north, and
theIndianunionterritoryofDadraandNagarHaveliandDamanandDiu tothenorthwest.
TheGodavariandKrishnaarethetwomajorriversinthestate.AlsolocatedinMaharashtraarefour
UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Ajanta, Ellora and Elephanta caves and the ChhatrapatiShivaji
Maharaj Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus), and also of the Hindi-language filmindustry,
popularly known as Bollywood, a loose combination of the names,"Bombay" and"Hollywood".
Bohada, which means ‘procession’, is a mask dance performed by tribal folk in a region
ofMaharashtra during a three day celebration every year in month of May, to show gratitude
tothe Village goddess (Gaon Devi) and all other gods and goddesses. Seven days before
Bohadafestival,tribal’sgrowriceinasmallbasket.Bythethirddaytheseseedlingsbecome6-
7inchestallandareofferedtotheGaonDevi.
In this festival around 52 masks of various Indian gods and goddesses are displayed.
Theowners of the masks perform the Bohada dance. They wear the masks and give
severalperformancesduringthefestival.These
maskownersareresponsibleforthemaintenanceandsafekeepingofthemasksforthenextyear’sfest
iviites.

PictureCredithttps://www.loks
atta.com/wp-
content/uploads/2019/03/Untitled-2-109.jpg
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.21

B. LOOK,DRAW,MAKE (40minutes)

B2
ABOHADAmask

B1

LearningOutcomes
KnowingaboutafewbasicfeaturesofthestateofMaharashtra.
KnowingabouttheBohadamaskanddance,popularinregionsofthestate.

Teacher’sclosingremarks/instructions (5minutes)

Suggestedviewing
Bohada:themask dance|INDIANCULTURE
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.22

Chapter11
LearningObjectives
LearningaboutafewbasicfeaturesofthestateofOdishaandaboutPashuNritya.Learninghow
tomakeaPashuNrityamask.

A. READ,UNDERSTAND,DISCUSS (15minutes)

ODISHAisan
IndianstatelocatedinEasternIndia.IthasthestatesofWestBengalandJharkhandtothenorth,Ch
hattisgarhtothewest,AndhraPradeshtothesouth,andaverysmall border with Telangana to
the southwest. The region is also known as Utkala and ismentioned in India's national
anthem, "Jana Gana Mana". The language of Odisha is
Odia,whichisoneofIndia’sClassicalLanguages.

PashuNritya,an artformpresentedasatributeto
theGoddess,isverypopularduringreligious festivals, wedding celebrations, and even social
awareness programmes likeconservations of bio-diversity. Dancers dressed in larger-than-
life costumes and masks ofanimalsandbirdsmaketheperformancesspectacular.

While the heads of these creatures are made of materials like paper mache, cow-dung
andwood,thebodiesaremadeofcaneframes,coveredwiththickcloth.Boththeheadsandbodiesof
the animals are then painted in bright colours and decorated with attractive designs
andmirror-work. Two dancers, one in front (head and fore-legs) and one behind him (hind
legs)inside each body frame, together perform as one animal or bird. Each presentation is like
ashort story in movements, conveying a message (for example: respect animals, birds,
nature),performedtothemusicalsoundsandbeatsoflocalmusicians.

PictureCredithttps://sambalpurii.blogspot.com/20 PictureCredithttps://sambalpurii.blogspot.co
19/06/ani m/2019/06/ani
mal-mask-dance-of-odisha.html mal-mask-dance-of-odisha.html
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.23

B. LOOK,DRAW,MAKE (40minutes)

APASHU B2

NRITYAmask

B1

LearningOutcomes
KnowingaboutafewbasicfeaturesofOdishaandaboutPashuNritya.Knowing
howtomakeaPashuNrityamask.

Teacher’sclosingremarks/instructions (5minutes)

Suggestedviewing
PashuNrityaofOdisha,onYouTube.
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.24

Chapter12
LearningObjectives
LearningaboutafewbasicfeaturesofthestateofRajasthan.
LearningabouttheGavariGaurimaskanddance,popularinregionsofthestate.

A. READ,UNDERSTAND,DISCUSS (15minutes)

RAJASTHAN,whichliterallymeans,'LandofKings'isastateinnorthernIndiaItis
the largest Indian state by area. It is on India's north-western side, where it is made up
mostlyofthewideandinhospitableTharDesert(alsoknownastheGreatIndianDesert)andsharesab
order with the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Sindh. It is bordered by five other
Indianstates: Punjab to the north; Haryana and Uttar Pradesh to the northeast; Madhya
Pradesh tothesoutheast;andGujarattothesouthwest.ItscapitalandlargestcityisJaipur.
Rajasthan, is well known for the Keoladeo National Park of Bharatpur, a World Heritage
Siteknown for its bird life, and three national tiger reserves, the Ranthambore National Park
inSawaiMadhopur,SariskaTigerReserveinAlwarandtheMukundraHillsTigerReserveinKota.
Gavari Gauri is the ritual dance drama performed by Bhil tribe in Udaipur, Rajsamand
andChittordistrictsofRajasthaninhonourofgodsandgoddesses,forfortydays,seekingahealthyenvi
ronment and protection of people’s lives and that of their animals. During this period
theydonoteatanygreenvegetables,avoidalcoholandnon-
vegetarianfood,andsleeponthefloor.Travelling to nearby villages where their married
daughters and sisters reside, during the daythey perform the Gavari, in which they enact
different mythological and social episodes to
theaccompanimentofMadalandThalimusicalinstruments.HereGavari,whorepresentsgoddessP
arvati is depicted as Rai who always stays in the centre of the ritual dance formation, whilethe
demon Bhashmasur, referred to as Buriya, the only one who wears a mask, moves in ananti-
clockwisedirectiontootherperformers.

PictureCredithttps://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/udaip PictureCredithttps://ethnoflorence.wordpress.
PictureCredithttps com/2015/01
ur/tribal-folk-opera-gavari-hit-by-covid-artistes-seek-state-
://encrypted- /17/rajasthani-bhil-tribal-dance-gavari/
patronage/articleshow/77534677.cms
tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQkh9t
Y6zaLI4MX3dcGXT-
qlzHK9VONBFcyrhjNreoF7AdBxo0PEV8gnv4yH
_8tz1WS-_s&usqp=CAU
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.25

B2
B. L OOK ,DRAW,MAKE (40minutes)

B2

AGavarimask

B1

LearningOutcomes
KnowingaboutafewbasicfeaturesofthestateofRajasthan,andabouttheGavaridance.Knowing
howtomakeaGavarimask.

Teacher’sclosingremarks/instructions (5minutes)

Suggestedviewing
GavriGauridanceonYouTube
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.26

Chapter13
LearningObjectives
LearningaboutafewbasicfeaturesofUttarakhandandaboutRamandanceandmasks.Learningh
owtomakeaRamanmask.

A. READ,UNDERSTAND,DISCUSS (15minutes)

UTTARAKHAND, which literally means, ‘Northern Land’ is also refered to as

‘Devbhumi’or ‘Land of the Gods’, due to its religious significance and numerous Hindu temples
andpilgrimage centres found throughout the state. Uttarakhand is known for the
naturalenvironment of the Himalayas, the Bhabar and the Terai regions. To the north lies the
TibetAutonomous Region of China, to the east, the Sudurpashchim Province of Nepal, to the
south,thestateofUttarPradesh,andtotheWestandnorth-west,thestateofHimachalPradesh.
The state is divided into two divisions, Garhwal and Kumaon, with a total of 13 districts
Thewinter capital of Uttarakhand is Dehradun, while Bhararisain, a town in Chamoli district, is
thesummercapitalofUttarakhand. TheHighCourtofthestateislocatedinNainital.Thenativesofthe
state are generally called Uttarakhandi, or more specifically either Garhwali or Kumaoni bytheir
region of origin. Rishikesh, is a major centre for yoga study, and also hosts the eveningGanga
Aarti, a spiritual gathering on the sacred Ganges River. The state's forested Jim
CorbettNationalParksheltersBengaltigersandothernativewildlife.
RamanisareligiousfestivalofritualmusicandtheatreintheChamolidistrictofUttarakhandThetend
ayfestivalisheldinhonourofthevillagedeity,BhumiyalDevta,everyyear atBaisakhimarking the
beginning of the Hindu Solar New Year. On the day of Baisakhi the deity is carriedout in a
procession to the temple, and then each day all around the village. In response,
thepeoplemakeofferingsofhariyali(sproutedbarleyplants),tothedeity,fortheirprosperity.Thevilla
ge festivities also include a range of music, dance and theatre presentations based on
theRamayan, and local folk lore, in which masks of different kinds form an important part of
thecostumesusedforperformances.

PictureCredithttps://ww PictureCredithttps://twitter.com/vernaculartu PictureCredithttps://www.tripoto.co

w.gosahin.com/places-to- be/status/1436936760034881537 m/india/trips/ramman-the-intangible-
visit/ramman-festival/ cultural-heritage-of-humanity-574f204e84a5f
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.27

B. LOOK,DRAW,MAKE (40minutes)

B2
ARAMANmask

B1

LearningOutcomes
KnowingaboutafewbasicfeaturesofUttarakhandandabouttheRamandanceandmasks.Knowi
nghowtomakeaRamanmask.

Teacher’sclosingremarks/instructions (5minutes)

Suggestedviewing
RamandanceofUttarakhand,onYouTube.
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.28

Chapter14
LearningObjectives
LearningaboutbasicfeaturesofthestateofWestBengalandaboutGomiradanceandmasks.
LearninghowtomakeaGomiramask.

A. READ,UNDERSTAND,DISCUSS (15minutes)

WEST BENGAL is a state in the eastern region of India along the Bay of Bengal.
ItbordersBangladeshintheeast,NepalandBhutaninthenorth,andtheIndianstatesofOdisha,Jharkh
and, Bihar, Sikkim and Assam. The state capital is Kolkata. Regions of West Bengal havewidely
different climate, from the chilly Darjeeling Himalayan hill region in the extreme north,to the
warmer plains in between, and then down to hot and humid Ganges delta in the south,where
the famous Sundarbans mangrove forests lie. The state has fifteen wildlife sanctuaries,and
five national parks—Sundarbans National Park, Buxa Tiger Reserve, Gorumara NationalPark,
Neora Valley National Park and Singalila National Park, the high-altitude forests that ishome to
barking deer, red panda, chinkara, takin, serow, pangolin, minivet and kalij pheasants.The
Sundarbans are noted for projects devoted to conserving the endangered Bengal tiger,
theGangeticdolphin,riverterrapinandestuarinecrocodile.
WestBengalisoneofIndia'sgreatartisticandintellectualcentres.Thestate'sofficiallanguagesare
Bengali and English. Durga Puja is the biggest, most popular and widely celebrated festival,and,
unlike most other states of India, West Bengal is noted for its passion and patronage offootball.

Gomira is a dance in West Bengal, dedicated to the Mother goddess, and performed at
thetimeofsowingofcrops.Thenightbeforethedance,themasksarebroughtoutandplacedforPuja,
conducted around midnight. Next day, the dance takes place at Gomirar Tola (an
openarena)tothebeatingofdhaks(drum)andkansa(percussioninstruments).

PictureCredithttps://live.staticflickr.co
PictureCredit m/7838/4749211875
https://www.sahapedia.org/gomira-mask-
dance-of-north-bengal 2_183ccb5a5c_b.jpg
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.29

B. LOOK,DRAW,MAKE (40minutes)

AGOMIRAmask
B3

B1

Flaps

B2

Draw,colourandcutoutearswithsm
all 2 cm by 4 cm flaps,
forattachment of on left and right
onreversesideofmask.

LearningOutcomes
KnowingaboutbasicfeaturesofWestBengalandaboutGomiradanceandmasks.
KnowinghowtomakeaGomiramask.

Teacher’sclosingremarks/instructions (5minutes)

Suggestedviewing
GomiradanceofWestBengal,onYouTube.
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.30

Chapter15
LearningObjectives
Learninghowtoorganizematerialsforfinishingofyourmasks.
Learninghowto doasatisfactoryfinishingofamasks. IN THIS COURSE MASKS
ARENOTBEINGMADETOBEWOR
N,BUT INSTEAD, BEING MADE
ASDECORATIVEITEMS.
FINISHINGYOU RMASK

A. ORGANIZINGYOURMATERIALS (15minutes)

YourFinishingMaterials
Youwillneedtoorganizethefollowingmaterialsbefor
eyoustartyourfinishingwork:
▪ All your coloured, pasted, dry mask
drawingsyouhavemadeaccordingtopreviousch
apters.
▪ PairofScissors
▪ LargeMetalNail
▪ Pieceofusedmatchsticko
rpieceofbroomstick
▪ 2feetofstrings
▪ Notebook

Takingstock
Carefullytakeoutallyourcompleted,flatmasksdrawings(nowpastedoncardboard)fromthe
folders/envelopes. KEEPING STUDENTS’ SAFETY IN MIND, USE OF
ArrangethemChapter-wise. CUTTINGBLADESHASBEENAVOIDED.ALL
CUTTINGCANBEDONEWITH SAFE PAIR OF SCISSORS. WE
HAVE ALSO
AVOIDEDCUTTINGOUTEYEHOLESANDNOSEHOLES.
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.31

B. FINISHINGYOURMASKS (40minutes)

Check each mask carefully and note down in your book, whatever needs to be done to
eachmask,like,addingortouchingupcoloursandoutlines,cuttingoutershapes,fixingthestringsfor
hanging,pastinglabelsonthebackofeach mask.

Now,accordingtoyournoting,dowhatisrequired,onemaskatatime.

CUTTINGOUTSHAPES FIXINGSTRINGFORHANGING

Whenallthisisdone,yourmasksarereadyforfinalshaping.
Holding each mask on
eitherside very carefully
bend it
asshowninthepicture,sothati
t stays in that
bent/foldedshape. Now
your mask isreadyfordisplay.

Fixboardpinsorsmallnailsin
thewallordisplayboard.
Hang each maskfrom these
pins, by thestring you fixed
earlier, sothat it can be
seen clearly,asshown.

LearningOutcomes
Knowinghowtoorganizeandcompletethesatisfactoryfinishingofthemasks.

Teacher’sclosingremarks/instructions (5minutes)
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.32

MASKSFORYEAR-ENDGALAEXHIBITION-CUM-SALE
Chapter16

(Suggestive)
Students, by now, you must have quite a good collection of masks you and your
classmateshave made in the course of the year. Looking back at your mini-exhibition held at
the end ofTerm 1, you must have learnt a few things, and now you would certainly be keen to
hold amuchlargereventthroughwhichyou
mayraiseareasonablesumtohelpprovidemuchneededschoolbooks,bags,uniformsetc.tosomenee
dychildrenyoumayknowof.

Completion
Towardsthatend,youwouldneedtocheckthateachmaskyouhavemadeiscom
pleteandcorrectlylabelledwithyourName,classandsection.

Costing
Since all of you would have made your masks the same size and with the
samebasicmaterials,areasonablecostingofyourmaskcouldbeworkedoutasfollows:

Costofmaterialsused 25.00
Labourandtime 55.00
ProfitMargin 20.00
Totalcostofmask Rs.100.00

Exhibition-cum-Sale
ToholdaGalaExhibition-cum-
saleofyourMasks,withyourTeacher’shelp,youandyourclassmateswouldneedto:
1. Decideonadateandtimefortheevent.
2. Finda suitablespacewhereyoucouldholdyourexhibition,andreserveit.
3. Organizesuitablefurniture–
tables,shelves,boardsetc.onwhichyourpricedmasksmaybeplacedsotheycanbeeasilyview
edbyyourguests.
4. PrepareyourGuestlist(specialguests,parents,teachers,friends)
5. PrepareInvitationsandsendthemoutatleastaweekbeforetheevent.
6. MakeaDutyroster–alistofWho-does-
whatonthatday,andassignresponsibilitiestoallintheclass.
7. PrepareasimpleProgrammeforthedaywhichcouldincludetheMasksondisplay
plusvariousitemsthatcouldbethatwouldmaketheeventinterestingandsuccessful,likeinteresti
nginformationonmasks,softbackgroundmusic,asnackcounter,etc.
8. Ensureeveryoneattendstheeventandcarriesoutassignedtasks.
9. Takepicturesofdisplaysandpeopleattending.Writeaboutitandshareitwithfamilyandfriends
.
10. Enjoy!
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.33

References
-Wikipedia
-sahapedia.orggomira-mask-dance-of-north-bengal
-aditirindan.wordpress.com/201//11/18//behind-the-masks
[email protected](TribalWoodenMask-Chhatisgarh)
-arunachal24.in/fifth-tawang-festival
-Gomiradance-12clicks.com
-GoogleArts&&Culture
-MaskIndiaHimachalPradeshdance/ethnoflorenceIndianandHimalyanFoldand Tribal
Arts(wordpress.com)
-TheMaskeddancersofFagliTripoto
-Paldifagliasksofhimachalpradesh
-FolkwondersofGanjam|INDIANCULTURE(Animalmasksused)
-THEVANISHINGFACESTRIBALMASKOFGUJARAT,INDIA,TRIBALCULTURE-YouTube(Tribalasks
-FolkwonderofGanjam-YouTube(animalmasksplayanimportantpartin
theculturalpresentationsofGanjamdistrictofOdisha)
-Traditionalandtribalmasks-GoogleSearch
-tribalmasksworninkarnataka-Search(bing.com)
-Kamat'sPotpourri:TheMasksofIndia-MasksofMadhyaPradesh
-sandipamalakar.com
-lopamudra.photography
-instahimachal.com
-theweektraveltriangle.com
-youtube.com
-sambhalpurii.blogspot.com
-myindiasightAndhraPradeshdamcebuttabummallu
-www.travelogueindia.com
-indiantribalheritage.org
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.34

Glossary
Page6,Chapter3- ANDHRAPRADESH
inhabitants–Personoranimalsthatliveinoroccupyaplace.
interestinggeographicfeatures–certainthingsaboutthenaturalorman-
madelandorwaterbodies,thataresuchthatwewanttoknowmoreaboutthem.
prominent–ofgreaterimportance.
parallel–twothingsrunningsidebyside,withaboutthesame distancebetweenthem.
diversity–havingavariety,manydifferentkinds.
flora–plantsof aparticularregion.
fauna–animalsofaparticularregion.
mineralreserves–alargeamountofelementslikecalcium,sodium,
iron,copperetc.thatourbodiesneedtodevelopandfunction.
gems – precious or semi-precious stones like, diamond, ruby, emerald,
sapphire.naturalattractions–
thingsinNaturewefindbeautiful,like,mountains,waterfalls,oceans,beaches,lakesetc.
beaches-
thepartoftheearth’ssurfacefilledwithpebblesandsand,wherethelandmeetstheseaoro
ceans.
deltas-triangularareasoflow,
flatlandwhereariversplitsintoseveralbranchesbeforeenteringthesea.
literally–
takingwordsintheirmostbasicsense,astheyarewritten.fascinating –
that which holds our attention completely.environment – the
surroundings or conditions in which a
person,animalorplantlivesanddoesitswork.

Pg.8,Chap.4–HIMACHALPRADESH
ruggedlandscape–landwhichhas lotsofunevenrocks.
lunar–somethingwhichisconcernedorconnectedwiththemoon.
awakening–
wakingupfromsleep.farewell –
wishing goodbye.varying–
different.
barefoot–wearingnothingonthefeet.
traditional–thingswhicharepartofourcustomsandbeliefsformanyyears.
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.35

Pg.10,Chap.5–JAMMU&KASHMIR
administered–managed,governed
consistingof –madeupof
several–many
major–large,important
sericulture–therearingofsilkwormandproductionofsilk.
agriculture–thepracticeoffarming–
cultivationofsoilforgrowingofcrops,andrearingofanimalstoprovidefood,woolandothe
rproducts.
limited – not more
than.troupe–
performinggroup.accompa
nied– alongwith.

Pg.12,Chap.6–JHARKHAND
previously –
before.relatively – in
comparison to.entire–
complete,full.
nostrils– thetwo holesinthenostthroughwhichwebreathe.
limitsvisition–allowsthemtoseeverylittle.
compositions–completepiecesofdanceormusicalpresentations.

Pg.18,Chap.9– LADAKH
extremelyscarce–verylittle.
range–many,differentkinds.
elegant – graceful, pleasing to
watch.endangered–
indangerofgettinghurtorkilled.devotees–
followersorbelievers.
tourists–thosewho travelto seeandenjoyplaces.
stunning–veryimpressive,attractive.
impactful–havingastrongeffect,impression.
impressive–ofahighstandardwhichmakespeopleadmireit.
showcasing–presenting,showingothers.
Maskmaking/Gr.7 Pg.36

Pg.20,Chap.10-MAHARASHTRA
peninsular–largemassorlongstripof landprojectingoutintoa seaorlake.
heritage–
thingslikebuildingsandobjects,whicharepassedonfromonegenerationtoanother,and
areextremelyvaluablebecauseoftheirageandhistory.
displayed–putout,presentedforalltosee.
owners–thosetowhomthemasksbelong.
maintenance–keepingthemin goodandusablecondition.
festivities–activitiescelebratingvariousfestivals.

Pg.22,Chap.11–ODISHA
Classical–
inmusic,art,dance,architecture,languages,thosepracticeswhicharewellestablish
edandacceptedashavingthehigheststandardsandquality.tribute – action or gift
that shows gratitude, respect or admiration.spectacular–veryimpressive.
papermache–averysoftdoughmadebymixing crushedpaper,glueandwater.Objects
made from this mixture, when dry, are light in weight, but otherwise,
hardandstrong.

Pg.24, Chap.12–RAJASTHAN
Inhospitable – unpleasant, impossible to live
in.ritual–
asetofactionstobedoneinacertainorder.accompanim
ent–togetherwith.
anti-clockwise–intheoppositedirectiontothewayinwhichthehandsofaclockmove
round.

Pg.26, Chap.13–UTTARAKHAND
response–inreturn,reply,reaction.

Pg.28,Chap.14– WESTBENGAL
humid–whenthereis alotof moisture,water vapourintheair.
mangroveforests–alargenumberoftreesthatgrowinmuddywater,in thecoastalregions,
which have dense, tangled roots that grow above the water level.sanctuaries–
placesofsafety.
conserving–protectingfromwastefuloveruse,harmanddestruction.
intellectual–havingstrongmentalpowersofreasoningandunderstanding.