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GDScript Tutorial Notes

Variable Basics( Variable Basics (Updated) | Godot GDScript Tutorial | Ep 1.1 ): - A variable is a container that holds a value and has a unique name. Variables can hold literal values or references to objects. Typed variables explicitly declare the data type. Common data types include numbers, booleans, and strings. Variables should be used to store data that may change over time, like a player's health. Life Cycle & Refrence Counting ( Life Cycle & Reference Counting | Godot GDScript Tutorial | ... ) - Memory is allocated for a variable, used by reading and writing to it, and released when the variable is no longer

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136 views9 pages

GDScript Tutorial Notes

Variable Basics( Variable Basics (Updated) | Godot GDScript Tutorial | Ep 1.1 ): - A variable is a container that holds a value and has a unique name. Variables can hold literal values or references to objects. Typed variables explicitly declare the data type. Common data types include numbers, booleans, and strings. Variables should be used to store data that may change over time, like a player's health. Life Cycle & Refrence Counting ( Life Cycle & Reference Counting | Godot GDScript Tutorial | ... ) - Memory is allocated for a variable, used by reading and writing to it, and released when the variable is no longer

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cameronfraser905
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Variable Basics(

Variable Basics (Updated) | Godot GDScript Tutorial | Ep 1.1 ):


● Variable is a container that contains a value
● To write a variable type var followed by a unique name:
var uniqueName ( = Literal value/Data Object)
○ Everything written in yellow is mandatory and
everything in the () is optional
● Variables cannot have a name that already exists in a script
● You can leave a variable empty or assign it a literal value or
a data object which is represented by =
● Written examples 2
○ var playerHealth = 100
Named playerHealth and assigned (=) a literal value of
100
○ var playerHealth
No value will auto assign null
● Typed variables are explicitly declared using : followed by
data type
○ Examples:
■ Var lifePoints: int = 100
■ Var lifePoints: int
● Declaring data types on variables is usually good practice as
ot leaves less room for confusion on the purpose of the
specific variable
● Assigning a value that is not a declared type will throw an
error
● Common data types with typed variables:
○ var aNumber := 10
○ var aBoolean := true
○ var aString := ‘hi friend’
○ var aFloat := -12.0
● In GDScript you may also assign an object that is the
subtype of the class type
○ var my_node2D: Node2D = $Sprite as Node2D
● When to use variables:
○ You should use variables when you have data that
needs to change over the lifetime of the game/program
■ Var playerHealth = 100 ( value of health may
change)

Life Cycle & Refrence Counting (


Life Cycle & Reference Counting | Godot GDScript Tutorial | …
)

● Memory life cycle is the time between an objects


creation and destruction
Allocate Memory
● Memory is allocated by the operating system which allows
your program to use it
● All computers have memory also known as ram
● Memory can be thought of us bytes

Use Memory
● read/write memory operations are happening as you are
using the allocated memory
● Assigning and changing variable values in your script/code

Release Memory
● When variable(s) are no longer in use release the entire
memory so that it is freed and can be used to allocate new
memory
● *Dependds on the programming language you are using
whethe this is done manually or automatically
General Tip for Memory
● The less memory you use the better in general
● For games using less memory takes into consideration the
performance for users who are using lower size rams in
computers
Going over Allocacted Memory
● If there is enough space the os will allocate more memory
from ram to your app/game
● If you go over the ram limit the os will start allocating
memory to the hdd/sdd
● Using hdd/sdd for memory is slower than using ram

Basic Variable Process


● var x = 2020
○ Allocate enough memory for the variable in this case
enough memory to hold an int
○ Assign the value 2020 to that memory address location
○ Indicate that x points to that value
○ Depending on the language memory is freed when not
in use
●

●
●
● Godot version
●

GDScript tip for memory management


● Nodes are not referenced counted in the engine
● This means that removing a node from the tree will not
delete it (remove_child)
● To better manage nodes, create a pool of objects and re-use
the node object
● You can also explicitly destroy/free the node from memory by
calling “queue_free()” in the “_exit_tree()” which is called
when the node is removed from the tree

Operators & Operands (


Operators & Operands | Godot GDScript Tutorial | Ep 02 )

Operands
● Operands are numerical, text, and boolean values that
a program can manipulate
● Operands can also be object values
● 1 + 2 (operands are 1 and 2)
● X - y (operands are x and y

Operators
● Operators are symbols used to manipulate and check
operand values
● 10 + 20 (operators are +)
● X -1 (operators are -)

Assignment Operators pt.1


● Assignment operators assign a value to its left operand
based on the value of its right operand/ the simple
assignment operator is = which assigns the value of its right
operand to its left operand
● X = y ( assignment)

Comparison Operators
● A comparison operator compares its operands and returns a
logical value based on whether the comparison is true
● To see if 2 operands are equal use the equal operator (==)
● To see if 2 operands are not equal use the not equal
operator ( !=)
● To see if the left operand is greater than the right operand
use the greater than operator pointing to the right ( >)
● To see if the right operand is greater than the left operand
use the greater than operator pointing to the left (<)
● To see if the left operand is greater than or equal to the right
operand use the greater than or equal to operator pointing
toi the right (>=)
● Opposite the top note (<=)
Logical Operators
● GDScript has 3 logical operators
● &&, ||, !

&&
● The logical AND operator is denoted by the 2 && or the word
“and”
● It will return fals as long as any of the operands can be
converted to false starting from the left most operand

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