Contents

Unit Page Grammar Vocabulary

Starter Unit 4 be/have got; is/has/’s; Pronouns and possessive ’s; Common verbs; Prepositions;
Indefinite pronouns; Present simple; Everyday objects; School subjects;
Adverbs of frequency; was/were Numbers and dates; Opinion adjectives

10 Present simple and continuous Rooms and parts of the house

1 Home Sweet Home Verb + -ing Furniture and household objects

Geography File

20 Past simple; Past continuous Adjectives to describe pictures

What’s The Story?
2 Past simple vs Past continuous Adjective + preposition

Kieron Williamson

30 Comparatives and superlatives Shopping nouns

3 It’s A Bargain! too and enough
much, many, a lot of
Money verbs

Maths File

Review 1 Units 1–3 page 40

In The News 44 Present perfect News and media

4 Present perfect vs Past simple Adverbs of manner

Amy Grey

Happy Holidays 54 Present perfect + for and since; How long? Holidays
5 Present perfect with just Meanings of get

Literature File

That’s Life! 64 have to/don’t have to; must/mustn’t Household chores

6 Predictions with will, won’t, might Feelings adjectives

Rob Frenette

Review 2 Units 4–6 page 74

7 Make A Difference 78 be going to and will

First conditional
Protest and support
Verb + preposition

Global Citizenship File

8 Danger And Risk 88 Second conditional

Relative pronouns
Extreme adjectives
Illness and injury

Crina ‘Coco’ Popescu

9 Inventions 98 Present simple passive

Past simple passive
Machine nouns and verbs
Word building

Science File

Review 3 Units 7–9 page 108

Brain Trainers pages 112–117 Listening Bank pages 118-120 Culture pages 121–126 Irregular verb list page 127

2
Reading and Listening Speaking and Pronunciation Writing

School Intranet Asking for and giving personal information A personal profile

Live Small Describing a place A description of a room

What does your bedroom say about you Pronunciation: /v/, /w/ and /b/ Writing File: Linking words: addition
Hannah’s bedroom and contrast
Dictation

Click! Magazine: young photographer competition Permission A description of a picture

Great moments in history Pronunciation: Sentence stress Writing File: Describing a picture
Talking about a photo
Dictation

London market wins award Asking for help A customer review

The internet – the world’s biggest market Pronunciation: /Ĵ/ and /Ȫօ/ Writing File: Expressing opinion
Problems with buying things online
Dictation

Survey: Teens and the media Doubt and disbelief A profile

Profile: Christiane Amanpour Pronunciation: /æ/ and /Ē‫ڴ‬/ Writing File: Error correction
Opinions about the news
Dictation

Behind the camera Asking for information A travel guide

Strange tourist attractions Pronunciation: /ấ/ vs /́/ Writing File: Making your writing
Radio interview more interesting
Dictation

Today’s teens don’t do chores Giving advice A problem page

Future teens Pronunciation: /ֺ/ and /MX‫ڴ‬/ Writing File: Linking words: reason
Teenagers of the future and result
Dictation

London Elephant Parade Persuading A formal letter

Do something different … Pronunciation: going to Writing File: Letter writing
An interview about a charity
Dictation

Interview: Naomi Daniels Talking about health An application form

Why are people risk-takers? Pronunciation: gh Writing File: Completing an
Talking about a TV show application form
Dictation

Teenage inventors Problems with machines An opinion essay

A book for all time? Pronunciation: /́/ and /L‫ڴ‬/ Writing File: How to write an
Reading stories on a smartphone opinion essay
Dictation

Curriculum File Real World Profiles

3
 5 Happy Holidays
Grammar Present perfect + for and since; How long?; Present perfect with just
Vocabulary Holidays; Meanings of get
Speaking Asking for information
Writing A travel guide 1 2

Vocabulary Holidays
3 4
1 2.15 Match the pictures (1–14) to these
activities. Then listen, check and repeat.

book a holiday 1 buy souvenirs check into a hotel

eat out get a tan get lost
go abroad go camping lose your luggage
pack your bag put up a tent see the sights 5 6
stay in a hotel write a travel blog

Word list page 77 Workbook page 108

2 Match the sentences to the activities in Exercise 1.

1 OK, we’ve got flights and paid for the villa – I 7 8
think that’s everything. book a holiday
2 All the other bags have gone, but mine wasn’t there!
3 This pink T-shirt is great. It says ‘I love New York’.
4 I’ve almost finished, but the bag is really heavy!
5 I want to see the famous cathedral by Gaudi.
6 My best friend is flying to Australia next week. 9 10
7 Shall we go to the restaurant by the beach tonight?
8 I’m not sure how to get back to the hotel!

3 Match the verbs (1–6) to the nouns (a–f) to

make activities from Exercise 1.
1 stay a into a hotel 11 12
2 write b a tan
3 go c a tent
4 check d a travel blog
5 get e in a hotel
6 put up f camping
13 14
4 What about you? In pairs, ask and answer.
1 Where do you usually stay when you go on holiday?
2 What do you enjoy doing? Do you like getting a
tan or seeing the sights?
3 Have you ever written a travel blog?
Brain Trainer Unit 5
I usually stay in a hotel.
Activity 2 Go to page 114

54
 Unit 5
Reading
1 Look at the photos from Shannon and 4 What about you? In pairs ask and answer.
Gemma’s holiday. Answer the questions. 1 What do your parents like to do on holiday?
1 What type of holiday is it? Do you like the same things or different things?
2 Where do you think they are staying? 2 What are the advantages of a family holiday?
3 What do you think they do every day? Are there any disadvantages?
2 Read the magazine article quickly and check
your answers to Exercise 1. Which activity in the Advantages
photos haven’t Shannon and Gemma done?
Stay in a nice hotel.
3 2.16 Read the article again. Answer the Parents pay for everything.
questions.
Who … Disadvantages
1 likes staying in hotels? Shannon Can’t stay up late.
2 likes doing different activities? Difficult to meet other
3 has never booked a holiday before? teenagers.
4 has never stayed in a tent before?
5 gets bored easily?
6 sometimes listens to music?
7 usually reads books on holiday?
8 has enjoyed the holiday?

Behind the camera

People have different ideas about what makes a good
holiday, especially parents and their children. In a “I think
new TV show You choose!, kids decide on the family Mum liked
holiday, with some funny results! This week, 16-year-
canoeing …”
old Gemma Roberts packs the bags and books the
holiday destination. Mum, Shannon, gets a big
surprise. We asked them about their experiences.

Gemma’s story
Mum has always chosen our holidays since I was small. We
usually stay in hotels and Mum just likes getting a tan or
she reads books all day. I don’t mind swimming or listening
to my MP3 player, but I like adventure too, so I chose a
holiday in the Lake District. No hotels, no swimming pools,
just a tent in a field (Mum has never put up a tent before).
How long have we been here? Mum says ‘forever!’, but
actually we’ve been
here for five days. Shannon’s story
We’ve tried mountain
biking, rock climbing I was worried when Gemma chose the holiday. I like to relax and
and canoeing since read when I’m away, but Gemma is quite active. She often gets
the weekend. Mum bored. It hasn’t been a great holiday because I haven’t read a book
was scared on the since Saturday. In fact I haven’t read anything for a whole week,
rock climb, but I think but I’ve had some time to talk to Gemma. That’s been the best
she liked canoeing … part, really. We’re both too busy to talk at home!

55
Grammar Present perfect + 4 Complete the text about an unusual holiday.
Use the verbs or choose for or since.
for and since; How long? Jilly Daniels 1 has had (have) a new bike 2 for / since
Christmas. When she got her bike, she went on a
How long have we been here? cycling holiday. She 3 (be) on her holiday
4
We’ve been here for five days/a week/a month. for / since three months now and she 5 (travel)
thousands of kilometres. She 6 (visit) six different
I haven’t read a book since Saturday. countries and she 7 (be) in Portugal 8 for / since
Thursday. However, she 9 (not stay) in a hotel
She’s lived in France since 2010. or put up a tent 10 for / since December. Why?
Because Jilly’s bike 11 (not leave) her house! ‘It’s
Grammar reference Workbook page 94 a virtual holiday on an exercise bike,’ explains Jilly.
‘I cycle 20 kilometres at home every day. I follow a
map, then I read about the place I’m ‘visiting’ on the
1 Study the grammar table. Choose the correct
internet. I haven’t got a tan and I 12 (not buy) any
options to complete the rules.
souvenirs,’ she says, ‘but I’m enjoying it!’
1 We use for / since with a period of time. 5 Make questions and answers about Exercise 4.
2 We use for / since with a point in time.
1 How long / Jilly / had a new bike?
How long has Jilly had a new bike? Since
2 Copy the table and put these words and Christmas.
phrases in the correct column. 2 How long / she / be on holiday?
3 How long / she / be in Portugal?
a long time a week August four years
4 How many kilometres / she / travel?
five o’clock I was fifteen last week ten minutes
5 How many countries / she visit?
the weekend Tuesday two days yesterday
6 How many souvenirs / she / buy?

for since
a long time August Pronunciation D́ vs ́
6a 2.17 Listen and repeat.
3 Make sentences with the Present perfect. Add active arrive bike give I’ve like
for or since to each sentence. live mobile miss since time visit
1 They / not go / abroad / years
They haven’t gone abroad for years. b Copy the table and put the words in
2 You / be on my games console / hours! Exercise 6a in the correct column.
3 He / not watch TV / last weekend
  D́ ́
4 We / stay in the same hotel / two weeks
5 I / not write my travel blog / a long time arrive active
6 We / eat local food / we arrived
7 They / not see their friends / Friday
c 2.18 Listen, check and repeat.

7 What about you? In pairs, ask and answer.

1 How long have you lived in your town?
2 How long have you had a mobile phone?
3 How long have you known your best friend?

How long have you lived

in your town?
I’ve lived here for
ten years.

56
 Unit 5
Vocabulary Meanings of get
1 Match the pictures (1–6) to the different 2 Read the sentences. Replace get with one of
meanings of the verb get (a–f). these verbs in the correct form.
a It was dark when we got to the campsite. = arrive arrive become buy fetch receive walk
b Damian got a key ring and a baseball cap from
the souvenir shop. = buy 1
c We got their postcard after they arrived back 1 Hurry up! We won’t get to school on time!
from their holiday. = receive Hurry up! We won’t arrive at school on time.
d Can you get the suntan lotion from the hotel 2 I think adventure holidays are getting more
room? = fetch dangerous.
e It was getting cold on the beach so we went 3 When you book a flight online, you get the
home. = become tickets in an email.
f He got on the bus and bought a ticket. 4 She got a lot of new clothes for her holiday.
= walk/move 5 Can you get the guidebook? I left it in my bag.
6 Someone checked our passports before we
Word list page 77 Workbook page 108 got onto the plane.

1 2 3 What would you say in these situations? Make

a question or a sentence with get.
1 You like your friend’s new bag. You want to
know where she bought it.
Where did you get your bag?
2 You sent your friend a text message. You want
to know if he received it.
Did you ?
3 You see your friends at a party. You ask them
what time they arrived.
When ?
4 You are at a train station with a friend. Your
3 4
train has just arrived.
Come on. Let’s .
5 Your mother has left her jacket upstairs. You
offer to fetch it for her.
Don’t worry. I’ll .

4 What about you? In pairs, ask and answer.

1 How many text messages do you get a day?
2 What time do you usually get to school?
3 What things can you do to get healthy?
4 How often do you get on a bus to go to school?
5 6

How many text messages

do you get a day?
I get about twenty text
messages a day.

Brain Trainer Unit 5

Activity 3 Go to page 115

57
 Chatroom
Speaking and Listening Mr Green What did you think of Brighton Pier, boys?
1 Look at the photo. Answer the questions. Tom Great! I really liked the souvenir shops.
Ash The cafés were nice, too. Can we have
1 Where do you think they have been?
lunch soon?
2 What are they doing?
Tom You’ve just had an ice cream, Ash! Let’s
3 What do you think Tom’s dad is asking?
go and see Brighton Pavilion first.
2 2.19Listen and read the conversation. Ash Is it far?
Check your answers. Mr Green Let’s ask someone. Excuse me. Can you
help us? We want to get to Brighton Pavilion.
3 2.19 Listen and read again. Answer the Girl Sure. Let me show you on the map.
questions. You’re here … and Brighton Pavilion is
1 Who liked the souvenir shops? Tom there. You can’t miss it.
2 What does Ash want to do? Mr Green How can we get there?
3 Where does Tom want to go next? Girl Well, you’ve just missed the bus, but it’s
4 How does the girl help them? only ten minutes on foot.
5 How can they get there? Ash Is there a good place to eat there?
6 What does Ash want to know? Girl Oh yes! There’s a really good restaurant
there. The menu has just changed and
4 Act out the conversation in groups of four. the food’s delicious.
Ash Thank goodness. I’m starving!

Say it in your language …

Thank goodness.
I’m starving!

58
5 Look back at the conversation. Who says what?
Grammar Present perfect
1 Is it far? Ash
2 Excuse me. Can you help us? with just
3 How can we get there?
4 Is there a good place to eat there? You’ve just had an ice cream.

6 Read the phrases for asking for information. You’ve just missed the bus.

Asking for information The menu has just changed.

Excuse me. Can you help us/me? Grammar reference Workbook page 94
Where’s a good place to …?
Is there a good place to … there? 1 Study the grammar table. Choose the correct
How can we/I get there? option to complete the rule.
Is it far? The Present perfect with just describes an action
How long does it take to get to …? that happened a short time ago / a long time ago.

7 2.20 Listen to the conversations. What 2 Make sentences with just.

information do the people ask for? Act out the 1 He / get some fish and chips
conversations in pairs. He’s just got some fish and chips.
Ash Excuse me. Can you help us? Where’s a 2 I / get a postcard from my friend
good place to 1 eat out? 3 She / be for a swim
Girl There’s a 2 pizzeria by the beach. 4 We / pack our bags
Ash Thanks. That’s great. 5 He / buy some souvenirs
6 I / find the guidebook
Tom Excuse me. Can you help me?
7 They / check into their hotel
Girl Sure.
Tom Where’s a good place to 1 buy souvenirs? 3 In pairs, say what has just happened. Use the
Girl There’s a 2 great shop in the Brighton Pavilion. ideas below.
Tom Is it far?
3
Girl No, it’s only five minutes on foot. book a holiday his brother/tell a joke
leave the house lose their luggage
8 Work in pairs. Replace the words in purple in put up a tent start homework
Exercise 7. Use these words and/or your own their team/win a match
ideas. Act out the conversations.
1 He’s excited.
Excuse me. Can you help us? 2 They’re worried.
Where’s a good place to buy a map? 3 We’re tired.
4 He’s laughing.
5 She isn’t at home.
There’s a newsagent’s
6 They’re happy.
by the station.
7 You’re bored.

Why is he excited?
1 buy clothes / have a drink / go swimming He’s just booked a
holiday.
2 good shop on the high street / café by the pier /
swimming pool near the park

3 No, it’s about five minutes by bus. / Yes, it’s about

twenty minutes on foot. / No, it’s just over there.

59
Reading
1 Look at the photos of these tourist attractions.
Which would you like to visit? Why?

Strange Tourist Attractions

This week in Holiday Horizons you can read about
tourist attractions with a difference.
Bubblegum Alley, San Luis Obispo, USA Upside Down House, Szymbark, Poland
In 1950, this was just a normal passage between Daniel Czapiewski built this house in 2007 and thousands
buildings. Then, students from two local schools started of tourists have visited it since then. He built it because he
to leave their bubblegum on its walls. They wrote thinks many things in the world are wrong – upside down –
messages with the gum and made pictures. Some people and his house is a symbol of this.
loved the bubblegum in the alley, but others hated it You usually enter a house through the door, but to
and local shopkeepers cleaned it a few times. But the get into the Upside Down House, you climb through
students and their bubblegum always came back. Today a window. When you are inside, you walk along the
the alley is called Bubblegum Alley and it is still full of ceiling, go under a table and look up at a bed. In the
gum. Students leave most of it, but tourists and artists bathroom, there’s a toilet on the ceiling and in the living
leave gum, too. Artist room there’s an upside down TV.
Matthew Hoffman Inside the house, there’s an art exhibition. It’s called
has recently made a ‘Let’s save this world’
big picture of a man and the pictures
blowing a bubble! ‘It’s show different world
fantastic!’ says one problems. Czapiewski
visitor. ‘Disgusting!’ wants people to think
says another. What do about these things. ‘I’ve
you think? just visited the house
and I like its message,’
said one tourist, ‘but it
made me feel dizzy!’
2 2.21 Read the magazine article. Match the Key Words
statements with the attractions.
tourist attractions passage
A = Bubblegum Alley bubblegum shopkeepers
B = Upside Down House blowing a bubble upside down
1 Some people don’t like it. A dizzy
2 Furniture is in the wrong place.
3 It’s popular with students.
4 It has something important to say. Listening
5 You can walk along it.
6 You feel confused inside. 1 2.22 Listen to the radio interview.
Complete the sentence.
7 You can see serious pictures there.
8 You can see a funny picture there. The most unusual place Troy has ever stayed in
is in .
3 Read the article again. Are the sentences true
(T) or false (F)? Listening Bank Unit 5 page 119
1 The first people to leave bubblegum in the alley
were artists. F 2 Think about a tourist attraction in your country.
2 At first, some people tried to clean the walls in the alley. 1 Where is it?
3 Everybody loves Bubblegum Alley. 2 What is it?
4 The Upside Down House represents what the 4 What is it like? Describe it.
artist thinks is wrong in the world. 3 How long has it been a tourist attraction?
5 You go into the house through a window. 4 Who visits the place and why? What do people
6 The TV is in the living room. think of it?

60
 Unit 5
Writing A travel guide
1 Read the Writing File. 3 Find the adjectives in these sentences. Then
copy and complete the table.
1 Oxford is a small city, but it’s very busy.
Writing File Making your writing 2 There are lots of great tourist attractions there.
more interesting 3 The most popular attraction is the university.
4 There’s an interesting museum and a famous
t
Use different adjectives to make your library, too.
writing more interesting. 5 People are usually helpful and friendly.
t
Use new vocabulary you have learnt too. 6 The weather is often rainy and cold.
It’s a good way to remember new words!
Town/City small, busy
People
Weather
2 Read the travel guide. Find the opposites of
these adjectives. Tourist attractions
1 large small
2 unfriendly 4 Read the travel guide again. Answer the questions.
3 rainy 1 Where is Brighton? It’s in the south of England.
4 ugly 2 What are the people like there?
5 unknown 3 What is the weather like?
6 terrible 4 What are the main attractions?
5 What can you do at the beach?
6 How can you find out what’s happening in Brighton?
Travel Guide
5 Think about your town. Answer the questions.
Make notes.

Brighton 1 Where is it?

2 What do you think of it?
3 What are the people like?
destination

4 Is the weather usually good or bad?

5 Are there any famous or unusual tourist attractions?
6 What activities can you do there?

6 Write a travel guide. Use ‘My favourite town/

city’ and your notes from Exercise 5.

My favourite town/city
Travel Guide: My city by Hayley West 1 Introduce your town/city
My home city is Brighton. It’s a small city, near 2 Describe what you can see and do
the sea, in the south of England. I love living in 3 Give your conclusion
Brighton because the people are friendly and the
weather is often sunny. There are also lots of
music festivals there.
There are many things to see and do in Brighton.
One of the main attractions is Brighton Pavilion. Remember!
It’s a beautiful palace and it’s more than two t

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Brighton Pier. There’s a fantastic funfair there.
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too. Brighton is a lovely city and has a lot to offer.
When you visit Brighton, get a newspaper and
see what’s on. You might have a nice surprise!

61
 Refresh Your Memory!
Grammar Review Vocabulary Review
1 Match the beginnings (1–8) to the endings 3 Complete the sentences with these verbs.
(a–h) of the sentences.
buy get lost packed
1 They’ve been on holiday for b
put up stay went (x2) write
2 He’s lived in Spain since
3 I waited two hours for
4 She hasn’t written her travel blog for 1 We arrived at the campsite, put up our tent,
5 I haven’t worn a T-shirt since then made a cup of tea.
6 We’ve tried lots of different sports since 2 Have you your bag? Yes, I’m ready to go.
7 They haven’t had a sunny day for 3 I sometimes a travel blog on holiday.
8 I haven’t received a text message since 4 If we take a map with us, we won’t lost.
a a long time. She’s got a lot to write about. 5 He doesn’t souvenirs on holiday because he
b three weeks. They don’t want to go home. never has enough money.
c he was a child. He speaks fluent Spanish. 6 When we abroad last year, we our
d weeks. It’s been very cloudy. luggage at the airport.
e last weekend. I miss my friends! 7 We usually in a hotel, but this year we
f we arrived. We’ve been very busy! camping.
g a train this morning. I was fed up.
4 Match the meanings of get (a–f) to the
h Monday. It’s too cold!
sentences (1–6).
2 Complete the sentences. Use just and these verbs. a arrive 2 d fetch
b buy e become
arrive buy eat finish c receive f walk/move
get have miss pass 1 I got your text message this morning. What’s
the matter?
1 Sorry, there isn’t any more pizza. We’ve just 2 I was late for school this morning. I got there at
finished it. half past nine!
2 They some souvenirs. They haven’t got any 3 Can you get the football? It’s in the car.
more money. 4 He got a new computer game with his
3 That was the postman. I a postcard. birthday money.
4 He’s very tired. He home. 5 School exams are getting more and more difficult.
5 She’s upset. She an argument with her mother. 6 When the school bus arrived, we all got on.
6 I my exam. I’m very happy!
7 We the last bus. We’ll have to walk home. Speaking Review
8 I the last slice of bread. I’ll have to go to the
supermarket later. 5 2.23 Put the conversation in the correct
order. Then listen and check.
a No, it’s only five minutes on foot.
b Excuse me. Can you help me? 1
c There’s a good souvenir shop on Weymouth Street.
d Where’s a good place to buy postcards?
e Sure.
f Is it far?

Dictation
6 2.24 Listen and write in your notebook.

9 My assessment profile: Workbook page 131

62
 Literature File

Gulliver’s Travels Chapter 1 – I came to Lilliput

I woke up after nine hours. It was daylight and I
by: Jonathan Swift was on my back. I tried to stand up, but I could not
Introduction move! I turned my head a little and looked around
It’s 1726 and Gulliver is me. I saw thousands of strings across my body.
travelling across the sea from … Then something moved on my foot. It moved over
England. There’s a storm and
my body and up to my face. I looked down and saw a
his boat is shipwrecked. He
arrives in a strange country man. He was smaller than my hand. Forty more little
called Lilliput. He meets very men followed him … The man began to speak. His
small people there. Later, he words were strange to me, but I watched his hands.
travels to other countries and ‘We will not hurt you,’ I understood.‘But do not try
meets very big people and and run away, or we will kill you.’ I put up my hand
horses. They all ask Gulliver
and showed him:‘I will stay here.’ Then I had an idea.
about his country and how it
is different. Are people better I also put my hand to my mouth:‘I am hungry.’ The
or worse there? Are they man understood me. He shouted to the people on
good or bad? Gulliver returns the ground. A hundred men climbed onto my body
home, but his adventures have and walked up to my mouth.They carried food for
changed his ideas and his life. me. It came from the king they told me later.

Reading 4 2.26 Read the extract from Chapter 1.

Answer the questions.
1 Look at the photo of Gulliver from the book 1 What happened when Gulliver woke up?
Gulliver’s Travels. Answer the questions. He tried to stand up, but he couldn’t move
1 Where is he? because he was tied up.
2 What is happening? 2 How are the Lilliputians different from Gulliver?
3 How do you think the little people feel? 3 How many men were on Gulliver?
4 How does Gulliver talk to the little man?
2 Read the Introduction and the extract from 5 How do the people help him?
Chapter 1 quickly. Were your predictions correct? 6 What type of ruler does Lilliput have?
3 2.25 Read the Introduction again. Choose
the correct option. My Literature File
1 Gulliver goes to Lilliput on holiday / by accident.
2 He meets very big / very small people there. 5 Make notes about a book you have read. It
3 He meets horses in the same place / in can be about a journey, or an experience of a
another country. strange new place. Think about:
4 After his adventures, Gulliver changes / doesn’t t
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6 Write an Introduction to the book. Add photos

or pictures. Use your notes from Exercise 5 to
help you.

Gulliver’s boat is shipwrecked.

63
 6 That’s Life!
Grammar have to, don’t have to, must, mustn’t; Predictions with will, won’t, might
Vocabulary Household chores; Feelings adjectives
Speaking Giving advice (should, shouldn’t)
Writing A problem page

1
2 3

Vocabulary Household chores

1 2.27 Match the pictures (1–16) to these
words. Then listen, check and repeat.
6
clear the table cook a meal
4
do the ironing do the washing-up 5
feed the cat hang out the washing
lay the table load the dishwasher
make your bed 1 mow the lawn
run the washing machine sweep the floor
take out the rubbish walk the dog 8
wash the car vacuum the floor
7
Word list page 77 Workbook page 109

2 Complete the sentences with the household

chores from Exercise 1.
1 First, cook a meal and lay the table. Then you 9
can eat. 10 11
2 with all the dirty plates or, if you haven’t got
a dishwasher, after the meal.
3 If there are bits of food under the table, or .
4 When you have dirty clothes, and then in 14
the sun to dry.
5 Before you wear your clothes again, . 13
6 When the bin in the kitchen is full, . 12
7 every day. Pets can’t live without food.
8 When the grass is too long, .
9 every day. These pets need lots of exercise.
10 on the drive so it looks nice and clean. 15

3 In pairs, ask and answer.

1 What chores do you do at mealtimes? 16
I always lay and clear the table and I
sometimes cook dinner on Saturdays.
2 What chores do other people in your family do?
3 What other chores do you do in the house?
Brain Trainer Unit 6
Activity 2 Go to page 115

64
 Unit 6
Reading
1 Read the webpage quickly. Choose the best title. 3 What about you? In pairs, ask and answer.
1 The world’s laziest teenager 1 How much free time do you have every day?
2 Teens work harder than their parents 2 How much time do you spend on
3 Today’s teens don’t do chores household chores?
3 Do you think you do a fair share of the
2 2.28 Read the webpage again. Are these household chores? Why?/Why not?
sentences true (T) or false (F)?
1 Cleaning the bathroom is a more popular chore
with teenagers than doing the ironing. F How much free time do you
2 More than half of all teenagers have never have every day?
cooked a meal. Not much – I do a lot of
3 Dr Sheila Green thinks teenagers are lazy. sport after school.
4 She thinks teenagers will be good at their jobs.
5 Dan Sparks thinks teenagers do a lot of homework.
6 He thinks it’s more important that teenagers do
homework, sport and music than chores. I have a lot of free time – about
7 Linda Fiorelli makes her children do chores. two or three hours I think.
8 Linda Fiorelli thinks children don’t learn
anything when they do chores.

TeenWorld.co.com/uk

A study of British teenagers has found

that most of them have never done any
household chores. Many young people aged 11
‘Every year, teenagers are getting lazier. Real jobs
in the real world will be very difficult for them.’
Dan Sparks, from the parents’ website
to 16 don’t have to make their bed. Thirty-five FamilyFirst.com, disagrees. ‘Young people today
percent have never cooked a meal, sixty-three work very hard – harder than their parents,
percent have never done the ironing and more sometimes. Many of them have to do
than seventy-five percent have never run the three hours of homework every night.
washing machine or cleaned the bathroom. Playing in a sports team or learning a
Dr Sheila Green is one of the writers of the study. musical instrument can take a lot of
‘This information is very worrying,’ she says. time, too and these activities are an
important part of teenagers’ lives.
If we want young people with good
exam results and also some
interests outside school, we
mustn’t give them chores.’
Linda Fiorelli, writer of The
Happy Home, feels very
differently. ‘It’s about respect,
not time. Even my five-year-
old son has to lay the table every
day. It takes one minute, but it’s
important. Children share the
house with their parents, so they
must share the jobs around the
house, too. That’s fair and it teaches
good habits for the future.’

65
Grammar have to/don’t have to 5 Make questions with have to.
1 Clara and David / cook dinner?
Do Clara and David have to cook dinner?
Affirmative
2 Mum / clean the living room?
I/You/We/They have to lay the table. 3 Dad / feed the dog?
He/She/It has to lay the table. 4 Clara and David / load the dishwasher?
5 Clara / wash the car?
Negative 6 David / tidy his bedroom?
I/You/We/They don’t have to lay the table. 6 Look at the note. Answer the questions in
He/She/It doesn’t have to lay the table. Exercise 5.
1 No, they don’t. Dad has to cook dinner.
Questions and short answers
Do you have to do any chores?
Yes, I do./No, I don’t.
Does he have to do any chores? Jobs for today
Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t.
cook dinner Dad
Grammar reference Workbook page 96
clean the living room Mum

1 Study the grammar table. Choose the correct feed the cat David
options to complete the rules.
load the dishwasher Clara and David
1 We use have to when something is / isn’t
necessary. Dad
2 We use don’t have to when something is / isn’t wash the car
necessary. David
tidy his bedroom

2 Find more examples in the article on page 65.

3 Make sentences and questions.
1 clear / the table / has / She / to
She has to clear the table. must/mustn’t
2 the dog / don’t / to / We / have / walk
3 I / Do / do / have / any chores / to / ? Obligation
4 doesn’t / vacuum / the floor / He / to / have I must leave now. It’s late.
5 They / the washing / to / hang out / have
I have to help my mum.
6 go / Why / you / have / to / do / ?
No obligation
4 Complete the sentences. Use the verbs and
the correct form of have to. I don’t have to cook any meals.
1 We have to tidy (tidy) our bedroom every week.
Prohibition
2 My parents (not cook) dinner tonight. We’re
going to a restaurant. You mustn’t talk in the library.
3 He (help) me! I can’t do it on my own.
4 I’m really dirty! I (have) a shower before Grammar reference Workbook page 96
I go out.
5 (they/do) any homework tonight?
7 Study the grammar table. Do these words
6 My sister (not make) her bed in the morning
mean the same thing?
because she’s only three.
1 must and have to
2 mustn’t and don’t have to

66
 Unit 6
8 Replace the words in bold in each sentence so
Vocabulary Feelings adjectives
they have the same meaning. Use these words.

I don’t have to I have to I must I mustn’t 1 2.31 Look at these words. Check the
meaning in a dictionary. Listen and repeat.
1 I have to take out the rubbish. I must take out confident confused disappointed embarrassed
the rubbish. fed up glad grateful guilty
2 It isn’t necessary to mow the lawn. jealous lonely nervous relaxed
3 I must do a lot of chores. relieved upset
4 I can’t swim here.
Word list page 77 Workbook page 109
9 Choose the correct options.
I’m in a swimming team and it’s hard work. We
1 2 Match the sentences to the words from Exercise 1.
must / doesn’t have to swim for an hour before
school. I 2 must / have to get up at 6 a.m. because 1 I was really worried, but now everything’s OK.
school starts at 8.30 and we 3 mustn’t / don’t have to relieved
be late for class! We 4 mustn’t / have to practise every 2 It’s not fair! Why can’t I have that?
morning from Monday to Friday. On Saturdays there 3 I was hoping for a better result.
are competitions and we 5 must / don’t have to be 4 Thank you so much!
fast if we want to stay in the team. On Sundays there 5 My exam starts in a minute. Help!
aren’t any competitions, so we 6 mustn’t / don’t have 6 My exam starts in a minute. I think I can do well in it.
to go to the swimming pool. I love Sundays! 7 No one ever talks to me.
8 I’m so sorry I did that to you.
10 Make true sentences about your country. Use
the correct form of must, mustn’t, have to or 3 Read the short texts. How do the people feel?
don’t have to. Make sentences using these words.
1 When you’re two years old, you go
to school. confused embarrassed fed up glad guilty
2 Students be polite to their teachers. jealous nervous relaxed upset
3 You use your mobile phone in class.
4 We wear school uniform. 1 It’s Sam’s first day at a new school. He’s been
5 You throw rubbish in the street. to three different schools in the last three years.
Sam is nervous and he’s fed up because he
often has to change school.
Pronunciationֺ and /ju‫ڴ‬/ 2 Ginny thinks she sees her friend in the street. She
runs up to him and says hello. But this person is
11a 2.29 Listen and repeat. Think about Connor and he’s never met Ginny before.
the pronunciation of the underlined u. 3 Jack loves Emily and Emily loves Jack, but
Sophie loves Jack, too. She cries when she
amusing confused dull upset sees him. Jack wants Sophie to be happy.
under usually 4 Ben doesn’t have to do anything today, so he’s
lying in the sun. It’s a beautiful day.
b 2.30 Listen and repeat. Then practise
saying the sentences.
1 He uses rubbish to make statues. Brain Trainer Unit 6
2 Some of us watched a funny documentary Activity 3 Go to page 115
at the museum.
3 Tuesday was a beautiful, sunny summer’s day.
4 My mum made some disgusting tuna
sandwiches for lunch.

67
 Chatroom
Speaking and Listening Tom What’s wrong, Ruby? You look a bit fed up.
1 Look at the photo. Answer the questions. Ruby I am. I’ve done six hours of homework today!
Tom Maybe you should have a rest.
1 Who has got a problem?
Ruby A rest? I wish! I haven’t even started my
2 What do you think it is?
Maths and that’ll be really hard …
2 2.32 Listen and read the conversation.
Ella You won’t have any problems with it, I’m
Check your answers. sure. You’re great at Maths! But maybe
you shouldn’t do all your homework at the
3 2.32 Listen and read again. Choose the weekend, Ruby.
correct options. Ruby I haven’t got enough time for homework
1 Ruby is / isn’t happy. on school nights.
2 She has / hasn’t finished her homework. Ella Why don’t you talk to your parents about
3 She usually does her homework at the your chores? Maybe they can walk the
weekend / on school nights. dog in the evening and you can study.
4 She has to / doesn’t have to do chores on Ruby No, they’re too busy. I might stop going to
school nights. climbing club so I have more time.
5 Ruby / Ruby’s parents usually walk(s) the dog. Tom I don’t think you should stop climbing,
6 Ruby goes / doesn’t go to climbing club. Ruby. You love it!

4 Act out the conversation in groups of three.

Say it in your language …

What’s wrong?
I wish!

68
5 Look back at the conversation. Complete Grammar Predictions with
these sentences.
1 Maybe you should have a rest. will, won’t, might
2 Maybe you do all your homework at
the weekend. Definite
3 Why you talk to your parents about your chores?
4 I don’t you should stop climbing. I think she’ll be relieved.
You won’t have any problems, I’m sure.
6 Read the phrases for giving advice. Will they finish it?

Positive Negative Possible

Maybe you should … Maybe you shouldn’t … I might see them tomorrow. I’m not sure.
He might not like the film.
I think you should … I don’t think you should …

Why don’t you …?

Watch Out!
will not = won’t
7 2.33 Listen to the conversation. What two might not = mightn’t
pieces of advice does Tom give Ella? Act out
the conversation in pairs.
Grammar reference Workbook page 96
Ella I can’t 1 find my school jumper!
Tom Why don’t you 2 tidy your room?
Ella No, I can’t do that. 3 I haven’t got time 1 Study the grammar table. Complete the rules
now. I know! I can 4 wear your jumper. with will or might.
Tom I don’t think you should do that. 5 It’s too
1 We use when we are sure about something
big. Maybe you should 6 borrow a jumper
in the future.
from Ruby.
2 We use when we aren’t sure about
8 Work in pairs. Replace the words in purple in something in the future.
Exercise 7. Use these words and/or your own 3 The contracted form of is ’ll.
ideas. Act out the conversations. 4 The contracted form of is won’t.

I can’t find my 2 Choose the correct options in Ruby’s predictions.

mobile phone! 1 Ella and Tom will / might come to the cinema
Why don’t you look in the with me. They haven’t decided.
living room? 2 Ash won’t / might not like the film. He hates
romantic comedies.
3 Bad weather won’t / might not be a problem at
1 do my homework / find a present for Mum / an indoor swimming pool.
sleep at night 4 I’m sure the Maths test will / might be difficult.
5 I won’t / might not pass the test. I can’t be sure.
2 ask your teacher for help / buy that bag / read a
book in bed
3 Complete the predictions. Use will or might
and contracted forms where possible.
1 One day I’ll be (be) famous. I feel very confident
3 He/She never helps. / I can’t afford it. / I hate reading.
about that.
2 My team (win) the match. We’re quite good,
4 copy your homework / give her a pen / buy a nicer bed but the other team is quite good too.
3 I (not finish) my English homework tonight.
5 You’re too lazy. / It’s too boring. / It’s too expensive. I’m not sure.
4 They think he (arrive) after lunch.
6 work harder / look for something at the market / 5 (you/have) time to wash the car?
drink hot chocolate before bed

69
Reading
1 Look at the picture of a teenager of the
future. How is his life different from the lives
of teenagers today?

u t u r e
F
Teens
What sort of life will teenagers have teachers. One teacher might have a 5 Fashion
fifty years from now? No one can be million students! All the lessons will Teenagers will be fatter than today
sure, but experts have made some be in English and everyone around because they won’t do much exercise,
interesting predictions. the world will take the same exams. so the most popular clothes will be
3 Free time very big and baggy. Global warming
1 The home
Teenagers won’t go to cafés and will bring changes in fashion, too.
Robots will make the beds, sweep
cinemas with friends, but they won’t There will be air conditioning inside a
the floor and hang out the washing,
be lonely. They’ll have fun in a virtual lot of clothes – a big help in the hot
so teenagers won’t have to do many
world and go to amazing virtual temperatures around the world.
chores. Parents and teenagers might
have a more relaxed relationship parties with their favourite stars. In fifty years, you will be old and grey.
because of this. Or will they just find 4 Entertainment What will you think of the teens of
other things to argue about? The films of today will seem very the future?
2 School boring because you can’t change the
Some people might travel to school, story as you watch. In fifty years, all Key Words
but most people will study on entertainment will be interactive –
there will be no difference between relationship argue
their home computers and have virtual baggy
virtual lessons with the world’s best video games and films.
global warming air conditioning

2 Read the magazine article and check your 5 Which predictions in the article do you think are:
answer to Exercise 1. 1 correct? 2 silly? 3 exciting? 4 scary?
3 2.34 Read these headings. Which
paragraph do you think will mention these
things? Read the article quickly to check. ‘There will be no difference
between video games and films.’
clothes 5 chores exams parents I think that’s correct, because it’s
parties languages video games starting to happen now.

4 2.34 Read the article again. Answer

the questions.
1 Why might parents and their teenage children Listening
have a better relationship in the future?
1 2.35 Listen to some teenagers of the future.
Because robots will do the teenagers’ chores. Match the conversations (1–4) to the topics (A–D).
2 How will a normal lesson in the future be A the home
different from a normal lesson today? B school
Find three differences. C free time
3 Will teenagers enjoy their free time? D fashion
4 What will their parties be like?
5 What will future teenagers think of our films?
Listening Bank Unit 6 page 119
6 What two reasons does the article give for the
changes in fashion?

70
 Unit 6
Writing A problem page
1 Read the Writing File. 4 Read the problem page again. Answer the
questions.
1 Who should Tilly talk to about her problem? When?
Writing File Linking words: reason and result
She should talk to her mum when she isn’t busy.
t
You can introduce a reason with because. 2 What idea does the writer have so that Tilly can
I feel guilty because I broke my dad’s mobile. go out with her friends?
t
You can introduce a result with so.
3 What idea does the writer have so that Tilly can
have more fun at home?
I broke my dad’s mobile, so he’s really
angry with me.
4 What two pieces of advice does the writer give
about the second idea?

5 Read about James’ problem. Answer the

2 Read the problem page from a magazine. Find questions. Make notes.
the linking words of reason and result.
I moved to a new town last year. I’ve got a lot of
Problem page friends around the world because I play online
My mum works in a restaurant games in my free time, but everyone at school is
on Saturday nights, so I have to really unfriendly. I’m starting to feel quite lonely.
look after my six-year-old sister. How can I make new friends here?
All my friends have fun together
James
then, but I can’t be with them. It
isn’t fair! What should I do?
Tilly 1 Is it normal to feel lonely in James’ situation?
I’m sure your mum is very grateful 2 Should he talk to anyone about his problem? Who?
for your help on Saturdays, but 3 Are school friends more important than online
you should talk to her about your friends? Why?/Why not?
problem. Choose a time when she isn’t busy because it’ll 4 What can he do to make friends at school?
be easier to think of an answer to the problem then. 5 How do you think he’ll feel after a few months?
For example, someone else might be happy to look
6 Write a letter giving advice to James. Use
after your sister some weeks. Other weeks, invite ‘My letter’ and your notes from Exercise 5.
some friends to your house. You’ll have more fun at
home with your friends there. Cook them some nice My letter
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mustn’t make a lot of noise because your sister has Paragraph 1
to sleep. And always tidy the house when they’ve General advice for this problem
gone, so your mum doesn’t have to do any household Paragraph 2
chores after a long evening at work. Specific ideas that might help
You and your mum might have lots of other good Paragraph 3
ideas, too. Good luck! Encouraging ending

3 Complete the sentences with because or so.

Remember!
1 I’m tired because I went to bed late last night.
2 He’s jealous of his sister she’s better at sport t
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3 You’ve finished your homework, now you t Check your grammar, spelling and punctuation.
can watch a DVD.
4 I didn’t do well in the race, I’m a bit
disappointed.
5 She’s really upset her best friend shouted at her.

71
 Refresh Your Memory!
Grammar Review Vocabulary Review
1 Make sentences and questions with have to. 4 Match the beginnings (1–7) to the endings
1 we / learn English at school (a–g) of the sentences.
We have to learn English at school. 1 You should walk a the rubbish.
2 She never does b the dog.
2 you / study French?
3 Please can you mow c the ironing.
3 my sister / not / do any homework
4 Remember to feed d the lawn?
4 she / practise the piano every day
5 I don’t have to wash e the cat.
5 she / do any chores?
6 You didn’t run f the washing machine.
6 I / get up early for school
7 We have to take out g the car.
7 my parents / not / start work early

2 Complete the text with these words.

5 Complete the sentences with the correct
feelings adjectives.
don’t have has must mustn’t to 1 I like Mr Green. I’m glad he’s our teacher.
2 I’m really n _ _ _ _ _ _ about tomorrow’s concert.
My brother and I 1 have to stay with my I might forget the words to all the songs!
grandparents this week. It’s fun, but they have a 3 I think someone’s stolen my purse! Oh no, it’s
lot of rules. For example, we 2 use our mobile here. I’m so r _ _ _ _ _ _ _ !
phones in the house because they hate mobile 4 You’ve really helped me. I’m so g _ _ _ .
phones. I 3 call my friends on the home phone. 5 I said some terrible things to her. I feel really
My brother 4 to walk the dog every day, but I 5 g _ _ _ _ _ about that now.
have to do that because I’ve got a bad leg. I have 6 I want to be rich. I’m so j _ _ _ _ _ _ of people
6
help Granny with the cooking and ironing instead. with lots of money.
7 I’m sure I can do it. I’m feeling very c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
3 Complete the conversation. Use will, won’t or
might and the verbs. Speaking Review
A Do you want to come to the Smugglers concert
on Saturday? I’m sure you 1 will enjoy (enjoy) it. 6 2.36 Complete the advice for these
B I 2 (not be) here on Saturday, so I can’t situations. Then listen and check.
come with you. 1 A I’m late for school again!
A Where 3 (you/be)? B Why don’t you get up earlier?
B In the mountains with my cousins. 2 A I want to go to Antarctica on holiday.
A The weather forecast says it 4 (snow) in the B I you should do that. You hate cold weather!
mountains at the weekend. They’re not sure. 3 A When I sweep the floor, it takes hours!
B Cool! We 5 (go) snowboarding then, or we B Maybe vacuum the floor instead.
6
(not do) anything. It’s horrible outside 4 A I’m feeling quite relaxed about the exams.
when it’s too cold and windy. B I should be more worried. They’re
very important!
5 A When I load the dishwasher, I usually break
a plate.
B Maybe do your chores so quickly.

Dictation
7 2.37 Listen and write in your notebook.

9 My assessment profile: Workbook page 132

72
Real World Profiles

Rob Frenette’s Profile

Rob’s story
For more than eleven years, Rob Frenette had problems
with bullies at school. He was often lonely and scared. When he was
fifteen, however, he decided to do something about his problems.
He walked into a newspaper office and told them about the bullying.
His story went into the newspaper and soon all the TV stations in
Canada wanted to talk to him about his experiences. They also
wanted to hear his ideas to stop bullying.

Age: Home country:

23 years old Canada

My favourite things …
writing my blog, helping others,
working with BullyingCanada

Reading
1 Read Rob’s profile and look at the After that, Rob continued his studies at school, but in his free time
photos. Correct the mistakes in he helped other people with bullying problems. With a friend Katie
this sentence. Then read the article Neu, he made a website called www.bullyingcanada.ca. Visitors
quickly to check. to the website can find advice, stories and poems about bullying,
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in both English and French. When people are upset, they can chat
on the phone or online to Rob and his team. Every weekend Rob
a newspaper for people with bullying
has to answer emails to the website. He also speaks to children,
problems.
teachers and politicians around the country about bullying.
2 2.38 Read the article again. Rob’s most important message is: ‘When bullies are unkind to you,
Answer the questions. it isn’t your fault. There’s nothing wrong with you, so you should
try to stay confident. And remember that people care about your
1 How did Rob often feel at school? Why? problems. You just have to find those people.’
He felt lonely and scared because One of Rob’s ideas is ‘Blue Day’, a special anti-bullying day in
he had problems with bullies. schools. Students have to wear blue clothes and in class they
2 Why did he first talk to a newspaper? learn how to stop bullying. More than 150 Canadian schools now
3 What help can people find on celebrate Blue Day, but Rob won’t stop until there’s a Blue Day
Rob’s website? in every school in Canada.
4 Why does Rob travel around Key Words
Canada a lot? bullies bullying fault
5 What advice does he give to people celebrate until
with bullying problems?
6 What is Blue Day?
Class discussion
1 Are there problems with bullying in your country?
2 Are there any websites to help young people with
bullying problems?
3 What other help can these people get?

73
 8 Danger And Risk
Grammar Second conditional; Relative pronouns
Vocabulary Extreme adjectives; Illness and injury
Speaking Talking about health
a
Writing An application form

Vocabulary Extreme adjectives

1 3.13 Listen and repeat. Then match the
normal adjectives (1–10) to the extreme adjectives
in the box. Check your answers in a dictionary.

awful boiling brilliant exhausted freezing

furious huge terrifying thrilled tiny

1 good brilliant 6 big b

2 small 7 bad
3 hot 8 pleased
4 cold 9 angry
5 scary 10 tired
Word list page 111 Workbook page 111

2 Match the comments (1–3) to the photos (a–c).

1 It’s huge and he’s tiny. It looks freezing cold.
2 It’s a brilliant picture. It looks terrifying.
3 It’s an awful place. I think she’s exhausted.

3 3.14 Complete the conversations with

extreme adjectives. Listen and check, then
practise with a partner.
A Was the film really good?
B It was 1 brilliant.
A Are you very tired? c
B Yes, it’s late. I’m 2 .
A Brr! It’s really cold in here.
B You’re right. It’s 3 . Have you got a jumper?
A Is he really pleased with his exam results?
B He’s 4 . He did really well.
A Was your mum very angry that you stayed out late?
B Yes, she was. She was 5 !

4 What about you? In pairs, ask and answer.

Have you ever …

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Activity 2 Go to page 116

88
 Unit 8
Reading
1 You are going to read about an unusual job. 4 3.15 Read the interview again. Are these
Before you read, look at the photo and answer sentences true (T) or false (F)?
the questions. 1 In today’s films, computers create most of
1 What type of job do you think it is? the stunts. F
2 How do you think the person feels? 2 Stunts can be very expensive.
3 Why do you think he/she does it? 3 Naomi doesn’t earn much money.
4 She was tired after her first job.
2 Read the interview quickly and check 5 She has had a lot of accidents.
your answers. 6 She thinks a police officer’s job is more dangerous.
3 Work in pairs. Find these numbers in the
interview. What do they refer to? 5 In pairs, ask and answer.

t

1 Do you think Naomi’s job is dangerous?

t
  
2 Can you think of other dangerous jobs?

t

3 Do you know anyone who does a dangerous job?

t


4 Would you like to be a stuntman or woman?
Why?/Why not?

Interview: Naomi Daniels

Interview:
Naomi Daniels
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89
Grammar Second conditional 3 Complete the text with the correct form of
the verbs.

if + Past simple, would (’d) + verb

would (’d) + verb > if + Past simple
Affirmative
If I had a normal job, I’d be bored.

Negative
If I wasn’t a stuntwoman, I’d do extreme sports. If you 1 had (have) tickets for a huge, terrifying
If I was scared, I wouldn’t be a stuntwoman. rollercoaster ride, what 2 (you/do)? ‘I’d go on it,’
says Joel Alvaro. ‘If I 3 (can) ride rollercoasters all
Questions and short answers day, I 4 (do) it,’ he adds, ‘but I have to go to work.’
Joel is a teacher – he also loves funfairs. ‘If I 5 (live)
Would you be happier if you had a normal job? in Orlando in America, I 6 (feel) thrilled,’ he says.
Yes, I would./No, I wouldn’t. Orlando has got the most rollercoaster rides in the
world! If he 7 (be) in Orlando, he 8 (visit) Disney
World every day and he’d ride Space Mountain.
Watch Out! But he doesn’t. His girlfriend thinks he’s crazy.
‘Rollercoasters are fun, but if I 9 (go) on them all
If I were you, I’d be terrified.
the time, I 10 (get) bored and feel sick!’ she says.
= If I was you, I’d be terrified.

Grammar reference Workbook page 100 4 Look at these situations. Make questions.
1 2 3
1 Study the grammar table. Choose the correct
options to complete the rules.

1 We use the Second conditional to talk about

probable / improbable situations or real /
unreal events.
2 The Past simple after if talks about events now 4 5 6
or in the future / in the past.

2 Choose the correct options.

1 If I could choose any job, I would be / will
be a firefighter.
2 If I forgot / forget my friend’s birthday, I would 1 you / see / a film star
feel embarrassed. What would you do if you saw a film star?
3 He would be furious if you copied / copy
2 ZPV

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JO
UIF
TUSFFU
his homework.
3 you / lose / your school bag
4 If we learned another language, we studied /
4 your friend / break / your mobile phone
would study Chinese.
5 your parents / be / furious with you
5 I would wear a big coat if it is / was
6 your friend / steal / from a shop
freezing outside.
6 If she went to bed late, she is feeling / would
5 In pairs, ask and answer the questions in
feel exhausted.
Exercise 4.
7 It will be / would be awful if they had an accident.
8 If I could meet anyone in the world, it would be /
will be Justin Bieber. What would you do if you
saw a film star?
I’d ask them for their
autograph.

90
 Unit 8
Vocabulary Illness and injury
1 3.16 Match the pictures (1–12) to these words 2 What’s wrong with these people?
and phrases. Then listen, check and repeat. 1 My head hurts. I’m going to take an aspirin.
a headache
a burn a cold a cough 2 I was walking down the stairs when I fell. Now I
a cut a headache a rash 1 can’t walk.
a sore throat a sprained ankle a stomachache 3 I can’t eat anything. There’s something wrong
a temperature backache toothache with my tooth.
4 I can’t lift that heavy box. There’s something
Word list page 111 Workbook page 111 wrong with my back.
5 My head feels hot, but I feel cold. I need a blanket.
2
6 I’ve eaten too much. I feel ill.
1
7 I had an accident. I hurt my finger with a knife.

3 Complete the sentences with the words in

Exercise 1.
1 He dropped boiling water on his hand and now
he’s got a really bad burn.
3 2 My nose is red and I don’t feel very well. I think
4
I’ve got a .
3 I wish my would go away. It wakes me up at night.
4 I’ve got a . It hurts when I eat or drink.
5 She’s got a on her leg – it looks really deep.

5 6 7
Pronunciation gh
4a 3.17 Listen and repeat. How do we
pronounce gh in these words?

brought cough eight enough

high laugh rough thought

b 3.18 Copy the table and put the

8 9 10 words in Exercise 4a in the correct
column. Then listen and check.
/f/ silent
cough brought

c 3.19 Listen and repeat. Be careful

with the gh sound.
11 12
1 It’s eight o’clock.
2 Have you had enough to drink?
3 I brought some medicine for your cough.
4 Don’t laugh. I thought you were ill!

Brain Trainer Unit 8

Activity 3 Go to page 117

91
 Chatroom
Speaking and Listening Tom Hi, Ruby. What’s the matter?
1 Look at the photo. Answer the questions. Ruby Oh, I’ve hurt my arm.
Tom How did you do that?
1 Where are Tom and Ruby?
Ruby Well, I fell over a cat which ran out from
2 What’s wrong with Ruby?
under a car.
3 What has Tom done?
Tom That’s awful!
2 3.20 Listen and read the conversation.
Ruby The cat was OK, but my arm wasn’t. The woman
Check your answers. who was in the car brought me here. Oww!
Tom Are you all right?
3 3.20 Listen and read again. Answer the Ruby Don’t worry, I’m fine. So why are you here?
questions. Tom I had a silly accident at the O2 arena.
1 How did Ruby hurt herself? Ruby The what?
She fell over a cat. Tom The O2 arena, you know … it’s the place
where I play football.
2 Where was the woman?
Ruby So what happened?
3 What does Tom do at the O2 arena?
Tom I was trying to score a goal when I fell over the ball.
4 How did Tom hurt himself?
Ruby That’s funny, except your leg looks terrible.
5 What does he think is wrong?
How does it feel?
6 Why does Ruby feel sorry for Tom?
Tom Not too good. I think I’ve got a sprained
ankle. And we lost the game.
4 Act out the conversation in pairs.
Ruby Poor you!

Say it in your language …

That’s awful!
Poor you!

92
5 Look back at the conversation. Complete the Grammar Relative pronouns
sentences.
1 What’s the matter?
2 I’ve my arm. It’s the place where I play football.
3 Are you ? She’s the woman who was in the car.
4 I’m . That’s the cat which was under a car.
5 does it feel?

6 Read the phrases for asking and talking Grammar reference Workbook page 100
about health.
1 Study the grammar table. Complete the rule
Asking about health Responding with who, which or where.

What’s the matter? I’ve got a headache/ We use relative pronouns to talk about places
a sprained ankle/ ( ), people ( ) and things ( ).
toothache, etc.

Are you all right? I’m fine, thanks. 2 Choose the correct options.
How does it feel? Not too good. 1 I don’t like stories who / which make me cry.
2 That’s the cinema which / where I saw that
How do you feel? A bit better, thanks. brilliant film.
3 This is the bag which / who is very heavy. The
others are OK.
7 3.21Listen to the conversations. What’s 4 There’s the beach where / which we went
wrong with Tom and Ella? Act out the swimming last year.
conversations in pairs. 5 She’s the girl who / which is good at football.
Ash Hi, Tom. You look awful! What’s the matter? 6 That’s the TV show which / who is all about doctors.
Tom Atchoo. I’ve got 1 a cold.
Ash Poor you! How do you feel? 3 Complete the sentences with who, which or where.
Tom Not too good. 1 I hate films which are scary.
2 He’s someone is very kind.
Ella I feel awful. I’ve got 1 a headache.
3 It’s the place we went for Tom’s birthday.
Ash Can I get you anything?
4 Those are the jeans were very expensive.
Ella No, I’m fine, thanks. … OK, maybe 2 a hot drink.
5 That’s the pizzeria I go with my family.
Ash You should 3 have a rest, too.
6 I like mobile phones are very small.
7 She’s the teacher is always late.
8 Work in pairs. Replace the words in purple in
8 These are the people are coming to the party.
Exercise 7. Use these words and phrases and/
or your own ideas. Act out the conversations.
4 Complete the conversation with who, which
or where.
What’s the matter? A There’s the boy 1 who won the competition.
B Oh yes? Where was that?
I’ve got a cough.
A It was at the skatepark 2 is near the beach.
B I don’t know it.
A Well, it’s the place 3 I go at the weekend.
1 backache / a sprained ankle / toothache B Is it good?
A Yes, it’s got a café 4 you can meet friends.
2 a hot water bottle / some ice / some medicine Look! He’s walking this way.
B Is he the tall one?
3 go to the doctor’s / take an aspirin / go to the dentist’s A No, he’s wearing a black T-shirt 5 has got a
cool slogan.
B Ah yes, there’s a girl 6 is talking to him. She’s
holding a mobile phone 7 has got a pink cover.
A That’s right. Hmm, do you think she’s his girlfriend?

93
 1 It’s all about adrenalin 30 younger people. Tall people are
Reading often confident and confident
people are not easily scared.
1 Look at the photo. Answer the questions. Scientists also think that men
are more natural risk-takers
1 What’s happening in the photo? 35 than women and that age and
2 How does the girl feel? How would you feel? experience make people more
3 Why do you think people take risks? cautious … or really boring!
Some scientists believe that 3 Be careful what you watch
risk-takers’ bodies don’t react
to danger like most people’s
15 bodies. When we are in danger,
our bodies make a chemical
called adrenalin. It stimulates
our brain and makes us ready
to fight or run away. Risk-
20 takers’ bodies don’t make Recent research asked these
adrenalin easily, so they take 40 questions, too. If you played
more risks to feel ‘alive’. a computer game about risk-
2 Little old women don’t taking, would that make you
go snowboarding take risks in real life? And if
your parents or friends took
45 risks, would you take them,
This week's Recently there have been amazing
too? It seems the answer to
big teenagers in the news. Laura
question: Dekker has sailed around the
both questions is yes!
world, Parker Liautaud has skied And finally … some researchers
Why 05 to the North Pole and Amelia say that risk-takers are
are Hempleman-Adams has skied to 25 Studies have shown that tall
50 frequently bored – they often

people the South Pole. These teenagers change jobs and they don’t
people take more risks than have long relationships. But
risk- are all natural risk-takers, but why
do they do it? We looked at some
small people, women are more some people say they are
takers? 10 popular explanations.
careful than men and older
people take fewer risks than
happier – what do you think?

Key Words
risk-taker scientist react
2 Read the magazine article and check your stimulate research
answers to Exercise 1.
3 Find these words in the article. In pairs, try to
explain what they mean. Look them up in a 5 In groups, discuss these questions.
dictionary to check. 1 Are you tall, young and healthy?
1 DIFNJDBM
MJOF
 2 Do you ever feel scared?
2 DPOGJEFOU
MJOF
 3 Do you love computer games?
3 cautious (line 37) 4 Do you think you are a risk-taker? Why?/Why not?
4 GSFRVFOUMZ
MJOF


4 3.22 Read the article again. Answer Listening

the questions.
1 What do the teenagers in the introduction 1 3.23 Listen to two people talking about a

have in common? TV show. Answer the questions.

They are all risk-takers. 1 What’s the show called?
2 Name two things the teenagers have to do.
2 What does adrenalin do to our brains?
3 What’s the prize?
3 Why do risk-takers take risks?
4 Why do tall people take more risks?
5 What happens when we get older? Listening Bank Unit 8 page 120
6 How do risk-takers often feel?

94
 Unit 8
Writing An application form
1 Read the Writing File. 3 Match the question words (1–6) to the
answers (a–f). What type of information do the
answers give (e.g. a number, a date, a place, a
Writing File Completing an application form
person, a reason, a thing)?
t
Read the questions: do you have to 1 What f
write information or choose an answer? 2 Who
3 How many
t
If you have to write information, 4 Where
what kind of information is it? (name, 5 When
date, number?) 6 Why
t
If you have to choose an answer, read a Because it’s my birthday.
all the answers first. b 0O
'SJEBZ
th June.
t
Complete the form. c My friends.
d At the pizzeria.
t
Check what you have written. e Twelve.
f A party.

2 Read the application form for the Spider 4 Read the application form again. Answer
Island TV show. Complete the questions with the questions.
these words. 1 Which activities has Casey never tried?
Sailing and cooking
how (x2) how many what where why
2 Where would he like to go?
3 Is he a confident person?
Send your application form to: 4 What is he worried about?
Spider Island
5 Why does he want to be on the show?
Spider Island Roundhouse Road
London
Application Form NQ4 9TU 5 Copy and complete the application form for you.

14
Name Casey MacDonald Age
adventurous are you? (5 = very, 1 = not at all)
Remember!
1
1 F 2F 3F 4F 5F t

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circle or tick an answer or write information?
2 of the activities have you done? (tick the boxes) t

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PG

camping F climbing F sailing F fishing F cooking F information is it?
t

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BMM

3 If you could visit one of these places, would you go? the answers first.
Tick the box. Say why. t
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the jungle F a desert island F Disney World F t

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rollercoasters and it would be really exciting. t
6TF
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t Check your grammar, spelling and punctuation.
4 would your best friend describe you? Circle four words.
adventurous nervous funny serious
happy moody friendly shy

5 are you scared of?

I’m terrified of losing.

6 do you want to go to Spider Island?


Because I love trying new things. I also
want to be on TV!

95
 Refresh Your Memory!
Grammar Review Vocabulary Review
1 Complete the sentences. Use the Second 4 Replace the words in bold with extreme
conditional. adjectives.
1 If she didn’t have (not have) homework, she’d
awful boiling exhausted freezing
watch the action film.
huge terrifying thrilled tiny
2 (he/travel) abroad if he had more time?
3 They (climb) the mountain if it stopped snowing.
4 If he was frightened of spiders, he (not pick) 1 I’ve done a lot of homework today. I’m really
them up. tired! exhausted
5 If you (be) famous, would you be my friend? 2 The burger was very big, but he ate it all.
6 What (you/do) if you lost your mobile phone? 3 Be careful! The water is really hot!
7 If people (not take) risks, would they be happier? 4 The bird was very small. I held it in my hand.
5 Jody was very pleased with her birthday present.
2 Read the sentences. Are the explanations 6 I didn’t enjoy the party. The music was very bad.
(a and b) true (T) or false (F)? 7 It’s really cold outside. It’s started to snow.
1 If I could sing, I’d be a pop star. 8 The horror film was very scary.
a I can sing very well. F
b I can’t sing at all. T 5 Match the illnesses and injuries to the definitions.
2 If he went on the rollercoaster ride, he’d enjoy it. a cold a headache a sore throat
a He probably won’t go on the ride. a sprained ankle a stomachache a temperature
b He’s going to go on the ride.
3 If she worked hard, she’d be top of the class. 1 This makes you feel hot and cold. a temperature
a She works hard. 2 Your nose is sore.
b She doesn’t work hard. 3 This hurts when you walk.
4 If they were good at football, they’d be in the 4 Your stomach hurts.
school team. 5 Your throat hurts.
a They are in the school team. 6 Your head and eyes hurt.
b They aren’t in the school team.
5 I’d be furious if you broke my MP3 player. Speaking Review
a You probably won’t break it.
b The MP3 player doesn’t work. 6 3.24 Complete the conversation with these
6 If I could meet anyone in the world, I’d choose words. Then listen and check.
Lady Gaga.
a You’ll probably never meet her. all right feel get got how too good
b You’re going to meet her next week.
Girl You look awful! Are you 1 all right?
3 Choose the correct options. Boy No, I’m not 2 . I’ve 3 a stomachache.
1 A nurse is a person who / which looks after people. Girl Poor you! Can I 4 you anything?
2 The cinema is a place which / where we can Boy Maybe a glass of water.
watch films. Girl Here you are. 5 do you 6 now?
3 There’s the girl which / who was late for class. Boy A bit better, thanks.
4 Cycling is a sport who / which is good for you.
5 Isn’t that the hotel which / where we stayed?
6 The café where / who I meet my friends is on Dictation
North Street.
7 I like those trainers – the ones who / which are 7 3.25 Listen and write in your notebook.
29 euros.
8 The boy which / who invited me to the party is
called Tom.
9 My assessment profile: Workbook page 134
96
Real World Profiles

Crina ‘Coco’ Popescu’s Profile Coco loves climbing

In 2011, Crina ‘Coco’ Popescu climbed Mount Sidley, the
highest mountain in Antarctica. The views from the top of
the mountain were amazing, but the most amazing thing
was Coco’s age: she was only 16. Today Coco is 18 and she
is also the youngest woman to climb the seven highest
volcanoes in the world.
Coco started climbing when she was six years old. First,
she climbed the mountains around her home town of
Rasnov. Then, she started to climb bigger, more dangerous
Age: Home country:
mountains. When she was 10, she climbed the huge Dente

ZFBST
PME Romania del Gigante mountain in the Alps. After the climb she was
exhausted, but also excited … about her next challenge!
My favourite things … So how does she do it? Well, she works very hard. Coco trains
climbing, cycling, running, swimming, every day after school. She also goes running, swimming and
travel, my family and friends cycling. If she didn’t train, she wouldn’t be strong enough
to go on expeditions. She doesn’t have much time to watch
movies, shop or go out with her friends.
Coco is a brilliant climber, but she doesn’t take risks. In
Reading 2009, she was halfway up a mountain in the Himalayas
when the weather suddenly changed. It was a dangerous
1 Read Coco’s profile. Correct the
situation and a terrifying experience.
mistakes in this short text. She gave up the expedition and went
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home. Coco was disappointed, but
Romania. As well as climbing, she she learned from her ordeal.
loves cycling and skateboarding and Today, with the help of her
she’s also a good swimmer. She family and friends, she’s
doesn’t like travelling much, but she broken six world records.
loves her family and friends. ‘I can’t thank my parents
enough for their support,’
2 3.26 Read the magazine article. says Coco. ‘I’m trying hard
Answer the questions. to make them proud.’
1 8IBU
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$PDP
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She climbed the highest mountain
in Antarctica.
2 When did she start climbing?
3 How did she feel after climbing
Dente del Gigante?
4 What does she do after school?
5 How is her free time different from
her friends’ free time?
6 Why did she give up on the Class discussion
Himalayan mountain?
1 Are there any young record breakers like Coco in your country?
7 How many world records has
2 Are there any mountains in your country? Which is the
she broken?
highest mountain?
8 Who has supported and
3 Which is the highest mountain in the world? Which country
encouraged her?
is it in?

97
 9 Inventions
Grammar Present simple passive; Past simple passive
Vocabulary Machine nouns and verbs; Word building
Speaking Problems with machines
Writing An opinion essay
1 2 3

Vocabulary Machine nouns

and verbs
1 3.27 Match the pictures (1–8) to these 4 5 6
verbs. Then match the pictures (9–16) to these
nouns. Then listen, check and repeat.
Verbs: attach build communicate 1 invent
11 12 1
1011 12 1 2
910 23
98 43
8 7 6
5 4
7 5
6

press plug in produce switch on/off 9

98
8 7
7
11
1011
10
12
12

6
6
1
1

5
5
2
23
4
4
3

Nouns: battery button cable keyboard 7 8

remote control socket tube 9 wheel

Word list page 111 Workbook page 112

2 Look at the machine and complete the

instructions. Use the words in Exercise 1.

9
My Marvellous Ice Cream Maker
1
Plug in the cable to the nearest 2 .
3
the red button to 4 the machine. 10
Put eggs, cream and sugar into the different 5 s.
Use the 6 to write the name of your favourite ice cream.
11
Turn the 7 or press the 8 s on the 9 control.
The machine will 10 some tasty ice cream.
12
Remember to 11 the machine. Then enjoy!

3 In pairs, take turns to describe one of these

things. Use words from Exercise 1 and the 13
phrases below.

laptop memory stick mobile phone torch

train TV
14 15 16
A It’s got a battery. Before you can use it,
you have to switch it on. You can use it to
produce light and to see in the dark. Brain Trainer Unit 9
B You can use it to Activity 2 Go to page 117

98
 Unit 9
Reading
1 Think of some famous inventors. What did 4 What do you think?
they invent? 1 Which of the inventions in the photos is:
2 Read the magazine article quickly. Match the a the cleverest?
paragraphs (1–3) to the photos (a–c). b the most useful?
c the most fun?
3 3.28 Read the article again. Are these
Say why.
sentences true (T) or false (F)?
1 Louis Braille could never see. F
2 His system of writing was a completely new idea. I think the low-frequency radio is the
3 Alexander Kendrick’s invention can help people cleverest invention. It’s very difficult
with injuries. to build a radio and this radio can
4 People should always have a mobile phone do things that other radios can’t do.
with them when they are caving.
5 Hibiki Kono’s invention uses machines that
many people have in their homes.
6 He uses his invention to climb the walls in
2 If you were an inventor, what would you invent?
his bedroom.

I would invent a robot that

Teenage
could do all my homework
for me!

inventors You don’t have to be old

with crazy white hair to
to communicate with the
outside world. Messages that
invent something. Here are sent on traditional radios
are some of our favourite or mobile phones can’t travel
a young inventors. through rock. Alexander has
1 Louis Braille (1809–1852) built a special low-frequency
was French. He became blind radio that works 300 metres
in an accident when he was underground. It is made with
only three years old. At the plastic tubes and metal cable
age of twelve, he learned and messages are written
about a system of writing on a keyboard. This clever
with bumps in paper that you machine might save a lot of
feel with your fingers. Louis lives in the future.
liked this idea, but the writing 3 Gloves aren’t usually used
was difficult to read. For the to climb walls, are they?
next three years, he worked Well, thirteen-year-old Hibiki
on a similar but easier system. Kono has invented special
b c The result of his work was gloves! A small vacuum
‘Braille’ writing. The first cleaner is attached to each
book in Braille appeared in glove. When the vacuum
1829 and Braille is still used cleaners are switched on, the
by blind people today. gloves can carry the weight
2 Sixteen-year-old of a large person on a wall
Alexander Kendrick or ceiling. But Hibiki isn’t
loves caving, but it’s a allowed to use the gloves in
very dangerous activity. his bedroom. His mum thinks
When accidents happen they’re too dangerous.
underground, it’s impossible

99
Grammar Present simple passive Active and passive
Affirmative Active
It is made with plastic tubes. Blind people use Braille.
They are made with plastic. You write messages on a keyboard.

Negative Passive
The machine isn’t made with plastic. Braille is used by blind people.
Gloves aren’t usually used to climb walls. Messages are written on a keyboard.

Questions and short answers

Grammar reference Workbook page 102
Is the machine made with plastic?
Yes, it is./No, it isn’t.
5 Study the grammar table. Choose the correct
Are the gloves used to climb walls? options to complete the rules.
Yes, they are./No, they aren’t.
1 With an active verb, the person or thing that
Grammar reference Workbook page 102 does the action goes before / after the verb.
2 With a passive verb, we always / don’t always
mention the person or thing that does the action.
1 Study the grammar tables. Choose the correct 3 With a passive verb, we introduce the person
options to complete the rules. or thing that does the action with by / for.
1 We use the passive when we want to focus on
the action / the person or thing doing the action.
2 We make the Present simple passive with the
6 Change these active sentences into passive
sentences. Don’t include by + noun.
Present simple of have / be and the Past participle.
1 People spend 75 billion euros on video games
every year.
2 Complete the sentences with the Present 75 billion euros are spent on video games
simple passive of the verbs. every year.
A lot happens around the world in one minute: 2 People eat a lot of ice cream in summer.
1 A hundred new cars are produced (produce). A lot of ice cream .
2 The internet (use) by 64 million people. 3 They don’t sell those sweets in my town.
3 Twelve million text messages (send). Those sweets .
4 10,000 songs (download) from the internet. 4 Teachers give too much homework to students.
5 There is a lot of rubbish. In fact, 1.5 million Too much homework .
kilograms of rubbish (throw away).
7 Change these active sentences into passive
3 Make sentences. sentences. Include by + noun.
1 our washing machine / run / every day 1 A hairdresser usually cuts my hair.
Our washing machine is run every day. My hair is usually cut by a hairdresser.
2 the cables / not plug in / to the right sockets 2 The average teenager sends 875 text
3 My laptop isn’t working. My homework / not messages every month.
save / on another computer! 875 text messages .
4 batteries / not include 3 A Japanese company makes those mobile phones.
Those mobile phones .
4 Make questions. Then ask and answer in pairs. 4 The sun warms the water in the pool.
1 mobile phones / allow / in class? The water in the pool is .
Are mobile phones allowed in class?
2 interactive whiteboards / use / at your school?
3 English / speak / all the time in your English class?
4 your TV / switch on / all evening?

100
 Unit 9
Vocabulary Word building
1 Do the quiz. Use your dictionary to help 3 Copy and complete the table.
you if necessary.
verb noun 1: person noun 2: result
2 3.29 Listen and check.
1
build builder building

QUI Z
2
designer design
3
invent inventor
4
paint painter
5
produce product

1
6
What did Coco Chanel design? write writing
a clothes Word list page 111 Workbook page 112
b planes
c computers
4 Complete the text with these words.
2 What is Pablo
Picasso’s Guernika? buildings built designs inventor
a a film painted painter paintings produced
b a book
c a painting Leonardo da Vinci 1 painted the Mona Lisa, one
of the world’s most famous 2 and he 3 some
3 What was Alexander Graham beautiful works of art for the rooms of Italy’s most
Bell’s most famous invention? important 4 . But he wasn’t only a 5 . He
a the phone was also the 6 of flying machines, musical
b the radio instruments and hundreds of other things. Some
c the TV experts have followed his 7 for a flying machine
and have 8 one that can fly!
4 Who was the writer
of Romeo and
Juliet? Pronunciation ́ and /i‫ڴ‬/
a Charles Dickens 5a Listen and repeat.
b William Shakespeare
3.30

c Agatha Christie big build clean email

internet keyboard silly wheel
5 Which company is a
famous car producer?
a Nokia b 3.31 Copy the table and put the words

b Ikea in Exercise 5a in the correct column. Then

c Volvo listen and check.
  ́ L‫ڴ‬/
6 What is the Taj Mahal?
a a mountain big clean
b a building
c a river c Listen and repeat.
3.32

1 The D on his keyboard’s disappeared.

2 Switch on the big machine, please.
3 She’s invented a brilliant new screen.

Brain Trainer Unit 9

Activity 3 Go to page 117

101
 Chatroom
Speaking and Listening Ruby Is that your robot for the Science project? It’s
1 Look at the photo. What do you think the girls so cute! Was it made from a tin can?
are doing? Ella Yes, it was. But it doesn’t work.
Ruby What’s the problem?
2 3.33 Listen and read the conversation.
Ella Well, the instructions weren’t included in the
Check your answer. box. I found some on the internet and I’ve
3 3.33 Listen and read again. Complete the done everything that they say, but the wheels
sentences. don’t move.
1 What did Ella make the robot from? Ruby There might be something wrong with the
battery. Have you checked it?
A tin can. Ella Yes. It was only bought yesterday and it
2 What did she find on the internet? works OK in my torch.
3 What’s the problem with the robot? Ruby Have you tried pressing that red button?
4 How does Ella know that the battery is OK? Ella No, I haven’t – it was hidden under the
5 Why didn’t she see the red button before? robot’s arm. Here goes … Yay! It’s working!
5 How does the robot break? Ruby Watch out, Ella! It’s going to fall off the table!
CRASH!
4 Act out the conversation in pairs. Ella Oh no! It’s broken. What am I going to do now?

Say it in your language …

It’s so cute!
Here goes.
Yay!

102
5 Look back at the conversation. Complete Grammar Past simple passive
the sentences.
1 It doesn’t work. Affirmative Negative
2 What’s the ?
3 Have you it? It was made by Ella. It wasn’t made by Ella.
4 Have you pressing that red button?
They were bought The instructions weren’t
6 Read the phrases for talking about problems. yesterday. included in the box.

Talking about problems with machines Questions

Was it made from a tin can?
What’s the problem? It doesn’t work.
Yes, it was./No, it wasn’t.
It’s broken.
The (wheels) don’t (move). Were the instructions included?
Yes, they were./No, they weren’t.
Have you tried No, I haven’t.
(pressing that button)? Grammar reference Workbook page 102
There might be something wrong with the battery.
Have you checked it? 1 Study the grammar table. Choose the correct
option to complete the rule.

7 3.34Listen to the conversation. What does We form the Past simple passive with the Past
Ash suggest? Act out the conversation in pairs. simple of be / have and the Past participle.
Ash Let’s 1 watch this DVD on your laptop.
Tom We can’t. 2 It doesn’t work. 2 Complete the text with the Past simple
Ash What’s the problem? passive form of the verbs.
Tom 3 The laptop can’t play it.
Ash There might be something wrong with The history of mobile phones
4
the DVD. Have you checked it? The first mobile phones were very big. They
1
Tom Yes. It works OK 5 in the DVD player. were used (use) on trains and planes in the
Ash Have you tried 6 switching the laptop off 1920s. A mobile phone network 2 (introduce)
and then on again? in Tokyo in 1979 and other cities soon followed.
The first text message 3 (send) in Finland in
8 Work in pairs. Replace the words in purple in 1993 and, later, mobile phones 4 (produce) that
Exercise 7. Use these words and/or your own could take photos and use the internet. In 2010,
ideas. Act out the conversation. more than five billion mobile phones 5 (own) by
people around the world!
Let’s watch TV.
3 Change these sentences into the passive.
We can’t. It doesn’t work. Only include by + noun if this is important.
1 People in the USA invented the internet.
The internet was invented in the USA.
1 download some songs to your MP3 player /
send Ruby a text 2 Leonardo da Vinci didn’t build the world’s first plane.
3 My friend, Jack won the Science competition.
2 my MP3 player / my mobile phone 4 They didn’t tell the students about the exams.
5 My dad designed our house.
3 nothing downloads to it / it can’t send or get
texts at the moment 4 Make questions in the Past simple passive.
Then ask and answer.
4 the cable / the battery 1 your favourite photos / take / on a mobile phone?
Were your favourite photos taken on a
5 with my dad’s computer / and I charged it earlier mobile phone?
2 your favourite book / write / a long time ago?
6 plugging it into the other socket / standing 3 your favourite films / make / in your country?
outside in the garden 4 your class / give / a lot of homework last week?

103
 b
Reading
1 Look at the photos (a–d). Put the inventions
in the order that they were invented.

A book
for all time? For more than a thousand years,
the pages of books were made c
Next time you hold a book in your
a from animal skin. That changed
hands, stop and think. Like most
in the thirteenth century, when
other things in the modern world,
Europeans learned about a useful
it is the result of thousands of years
Chinese invention: paper.
of human invention.
But the biggest change for books
First, came the invention of writing, probably
came in 1439, when Johannes
about 5,500 years ago. With writing, people
Gutenberg invented the printing d
did not have to remember everything in
press. Before that, books were
their heads. They could communicate with people that they never
copied by hand, so they were very
saw and share their knowledge with future generations.
expensive. Many more people
Later, the Greeks were known throughout the ancient world could afford the books that were
for their literature, philosophy and science, but their ‘books’ produced on a printing press.
looked very different from the books of today. They were
called scrolls. They were difficult to use and took a lot of space These days it is difficult to imagine Will anyone turn the pages of a
in a library. It was only about 2,000 years ago that books with a world without books. But human traditional book in the future, or will
lots of pages were invented. With the help of an index at the invention does not stop. Every year, books, like scrolls, soon disappear?
back, readers could find information more quickly than in a more stories are bought as e-books
scroll. Before long, scrolls were a thing of the past. and read on a screen. Key Words
knowledge generation ancient
2 Read the magazine article quickly to check. index skin traditional
3 3.35 Read the article again. Are these
sentences true (T) or false (F)?
Listening
1 The ancient Greeks were famous because they
invented writing. F 1 What are the advantages and disadvantages of
2 Greek books had lots of pages. reading on a smartphone?
3 There were libraries in the ancient world.
4 The first books with pages were made of 2 3.36 Listen to the conversation. Do they
talk about any of your ideas in Exercise 1?
animal skin.
5 Paper was invented in Europe. Listening Bank Unit 9 page 120
6 Johannes Gutenberg’s printing press produced
very expensive books.
3 In pairs, ask and answer.
4 3.35 Read the article again. Answer the 1 Do you like these types of story?
questions.
t
GBOUBTZ
t
GVOOZ
t
IJTUPSJDBM

1 What did people have to do before the
t
IPSSPS
t
SPNBOUJD
t
TDJFODF
GJDUJPO


invention of writing? 2 How many books do you read every year?
They had to remember everything in their heads. 3 Do you prefer reading a traditional book or an
e-book? Why?
2 What two problems were there with scrolls?
4 Do you think there will be any traditional books
3 What could readers of books do better than
fifty years from now? Why?/Why not?
readers of scrolls?
4 What did people use to make books when they
stopped using animal skin? I like fantasy and romantic
5 Why was the printing press an important invention? stories, but I don’t like horror
6 Why might books disappear in the future? or science fiction stories.

104
 Unit 9
Writing An opinion essay
1 Read the Writing File. 3 Put these parts of an opinion essay in the
correct order.
a In conclusion, Edison’s inventions were some of
Writing File How to write an opinion essay the most useful in the world.
b Second, he invented a way to bring electricity
In an opinion essay, you need: to people’s homes.
t
a title c In my opinion, the world’s greatest inventor was
Thomas Edison.
t
an introduction giving your opinion
d The world’s greatest inventor 1
(In my opinion, …)
e First, he invented the light bulb.
t
reasons for your opinion, given in a good f Finally, he invented a machine that could record
order (First, … , Second, … , Finally, … ) and play sound.
with examples (for example, … )
4 Read Alisha’s essay again. Answer the questions.
t
a conclusion (In conclusion, …)
1 In Alisha’s opinion, what is the most useful invention?
The smartphone.
2 What is her main reason for choosing this invention?
2 Read Alisha’s essay. Find words and
3 In what two situations is this invention
expressions from the Writing File.
particularly useful?
4 How are teenagers’ lives different because of it?

The most useful invention for teenagers 5 You are going to write an essay with this title:
by Alisha Kent The most important invention of the last 200 years
Choose an invention and make notes about
In my opinion, the
why it is important. Use the questions in
most useful invention
Exercise 4 to help you.
for teenagers is the
smartphone. t
DBS
t
DPNQVUFS
t
JOUFSOFU
t
QMBOF
t
57
First, it’s great in an
emergency. If someone 6 Now write your essay. Use ‘My essay’ and
has an accident or there’s your notes from Exercise 5.
E½VI]SYGERTLSRI My essay
quickly for help. Because
of this, parents often feel Paragraph 1
more relaxed if you have a Introduce the invention.
smartphone with you and Paragraphs 2–4
you can stay out longer Give reasons why the invention is important
with your friends. – one reason for each paragraph. Include
Second, you can use it to go examples of situations that prove your point.
online when you aren’t at Paragraph 5
home. This is useful in many Summarise your reasons for choosing
WMXYEXMSRW*SVI\EQTPI]SYGER½RHSYXXLIXMQISJXLI this invention.
next bus when you’re in a café and look at a map on the
internet when you’re lost.
Finally, a smartphone is great entertainment.You can Remember!
[EXGL½PQWSRMXTPE]KEQIWPMWXIRXSQYWMGERHVIEH t
(JWF
BO
JOUSPEVDUJPO
XJUI
ZPVS
PQJOJPO
stories. With a smartphone in your pocket, you never t
(JWF
SFBTPOT
GPS
ZPVS
PQJOJPO
have to be bored, even on a long journey. t
8SJUF
B
DPODMVTJPO
In conclusion, the smartphone is a fantastic invention. t
6TF
XPSET
ZPVWF
QSBDUJTFE
JO
UIJT
VOJU
Teenagers are happier and more independent because of it. t Check your grammar, spelling and punctuation.

105
 Refresh Your Memory!
Grammar Review Vocabulary Review
1 Complete the sentences with the correct 4 Match the beginnings (1–8) to the endings
passive form (Present simple or Past simple) (a–h) of the sentences.
of the verbs. 1 You can’t write on your a tube.
1 She was interviewed (interview) on the news computer without a b mobile phone.
yesterday. 2 We can communicate by c remote control.
2 Excuse me! (dogs/allow) on the bus? 3 The torch won’t work without a d wheels.
3 I can’t read that. It (write) in French. 4 A bicycle has got two e keyboard.
4 (the internet/use) in the 1950s? 5 Please don’t press those f socket.
5 That word (not spell) correctly. Use a dictionary! 6 You can switch on the TV with a g battery.
6 Too many trees (cut down) every year. 7 Posters are often sold in a h buttons.
7 The washing-up (not do) last night. 8 Plug the cable into the
8 Skateboards (invent) in the USA in the 1950s.
5 Complete the sentences with the correct form
2 Make sentences and questions in the passive. of the words.
Only use by + noun if necessary. 1 Claude Monet was a famous French painter (paint).
1 They play football in the park every Saturday. 2 What (produce) is Apple™ famous for?
Football is played in the park every Saturday. 3 Her (write) is very difficult to read.
4 I love his (design) for the new school building.
2 Do people read books at your school?
5 The (build) has to make a new roof for the house.
3 James broke my pen.
6 Everyone thinks it’s a useful (invent).
4 They don’t speak Japanese in Thailand.
5 My granny made this jumper.
6 We didn’t need the tent. Speaking Review
7 Did they make these computers in China?
8 Our friend designed the website. 6 3.37 Complete the conversation with the
correct form of these words. Then listen and check.
3 Active or passive? Complete the text with the
correct form of the verbs. check go not work
problem try wrong
In 1901, American inventors Wilbur and Orville
Wright 1 built (build) a flying machine, but it 2 (not
design) well enough. It 3 (not fly)! ‘Man will fly, but Dad It’s time to practise your electric guitar!
not in our lifetime,’ Wilbur 4 (say) sadly. Boy I can’t. It 1 isn’t working.
The brothers 5 (learn) from their mistakes, Dad What’s the 2 ?
however. In 1903 some changes 6 (made) to Boy It can only play really quietly. Listen!
the design and a new machine 7 (build). Dad There might be something 3 with the
Wilbur 8 (carry) through the air for 59 seconds cable. Have you 4 it?
in the new machine. Some photos 9 (take) of Boy But it’s new. It was only bought yesterday.
this famous moment – the flight of the world’s Dad Er … Have you 5 plugging it in?
first plane! Today, the names of the Wright Boy Oh, silly me! Here 6 . Yay! It’s working!
brothers 10 (know) all around the world and
thousands of people 11 (come) to see their
plane at the museum in Washington where it
Dictation
12
(keep). 7 3.38 Listen and write in your notebook.

9 My assessment profile: Workbook page 135

106
 Science File
Did you know that 0.039% of the gas in the Earth’s CO2 is produced when fossil fuels are burned. The
atmosphere is carbon dioxide (CO2)? CO2 is a greenhouse average person in the United Kingdom causes 13,000 kg
gas: it absorbs infrared radiation. Because of this, too of carbon dioxide emissions every year (see chart). The
much CO2 in the atmosphere causes global warming. world average is 5,800 kg. If our emissions continue,
many islands and lowland areas might disappear under
the sea, many parts of the world might become desert
other travel
holiday plane travel and the plants and animals that live in the oceans and on
ice might die.
12% 2% CO2 is absorbed by trees and changed into oxygen.
However, the average tree absorbs only 10 kg of CO2 in
car travel room heating
a year. We would need 1,300 trees per person to absorb
all our CO2 emissions, but there are only 59 trees per
29% 30%
person in the world. Every year 25 million trees are cut
down and only 3.4 million trees are planted.
CO2 Emissions in the United Kingdom The average modern car produces 15% less CO2 than a
car that was built 10 years ago. Many new water heaters,
computers and other machines also produce less CO2
11% than older designs. But we use more hot water, drive
3% further and switch on our machines for longer each year,
so we are producing more CO2, not less.
9% 4% water heating
Key Words
cooking
atmosphere greenhouse gas
other: TVs, washing machines, lighting absorb infrared radiation
mobile phones, etc. fossil fuel emission
heater

Reading My Science File

1 3.39 Read the text and look at the chart. 3 Find out what you can do to produce less
Are the sentences true (T) or false (F)? CO2 in one of these areas.
1 British people cause more CO2 emissions than t
BSPVOE
UIF
IPVTF

the world average. T t
DPNNVOJDBUJPO

2 Plane travel causes more CO2 emissions than t
FOUFSUBJONFOU
car travel. t
GPPE

3 Trees change CO2 into oxygen. t
USBWFM


4 There are more people in the world than trees.
5 New designs of car produce more CO2 than 4 Prepare a presentation for the class,
old designs. giving your ideas for producing less CO2.
6 We produce less CO2 than we did in the past. Then give your presentation.

2 3.40 Liam is giving a presentation to his

class. Listen and match his notes (1–4) to (a–d).
What could I do to produce less CO2 when I travel?
1 My car’s emissions:
2 If I rode my bike to football:
3 If we took three friends to school in our car:
4 If I got up early on Mondays:
a 1.6 kg less CO2 per week
b 15 kg less CO2 per week
c 600 g less CO2 per week
d 200 g of CO2 per km

107