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    Factory Cleaning

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    Jebin Thomas Mathews
    This document discusses factory cleaning, including types of soils found in factories and how to clean them. It covers inorganic soils like salts and metals, and organic soils like foods, petroleum, and proteins. Each soil type has different solubility and requires a different cleaning compound. Proper cleaning involves selecting the right compound based on the soil type, such as acids for inorganic soils and alkalis for organic soils. The document also discusses sanitizing, hazards of cleaning chemicals, suitable materials for food processing surfaces, and cleaning equipment options.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Factory Cleaning

    Uploaded by

    Jebin Thomas Mathews
    8 views29 pages
    This document discusses factory cleaning, including types of soils found in factories and how to clean them. It covers inorganic soils like salts and metals, and organic soils like foods, petroleum, and proteins. Each soil type has different solubility and requires a different cleaning compound. Proper cleaning involves selecting the right compound based on the soil type, such as acids for inorganic soils and alkalis for organic soils. The document also discusses sanitizing, hazards of cleaning chemicals, suitable materials for food processing surfaces, and cleaning equipment options.

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    This document discusses factory cleaning, including types of soils found in factories and how to clean them. It covers inorganic soils like salts and metals, and organic soils like foods, petroleum, and proteins. Each soil type has different solubility and requires a different cleaning compound. Proper cleaning involves selecting the right compound based on the soil type, such as acids for inorganic soils and alkalis for organic soils. The document also discusses sanitizing, hazards of cleaning chemicals, suitable materials for food processing surfaces, and cleaning equipment options.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    8 views29 pages

    Factory Cleaning

    Uploaded by

    Jebin Thomas Mathews
    This document discusses factory cleaning, including types of soils found in factories and how to clean them. It covers inorganic soils like salts and metals, and organic soils like foods, petroleum, and proteins. Each soil type has different solubility and requires a different cleaning compound. Proper cleaning involves selecting the right compound based on the soil type, such as acids for inorganic soils and alkalis for organic soils. The document also discusses sanitizing, hazards of cleaning chemicals, suitable materials for food processing surfaces, and cleaning equipment options.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 29

    Factory cleaning

    By

    Assoc.Prof.Dr.Narumol Matan
    Soil

    Salt Sugar Protein

    Petroleum Lipid
    Type of Soil Soil Subclass Examples

    Inorganic soils Hand-water deposits Ca and Mg carbonates

    Metallic deposits Common rust, Other oxides

    Alkaline deposits Films left when an alkaline


    cleaner is not rinsed off
    properly
    Organic soils Food deposits Food scraps and specs

    Petroleum deposits Lubrication oils, grease, and


    other lubricants
    Nonpetroleum deposits Animal fats and vegetable
    oils
    Removing Different Types of Soil
    Type of Soil Solubility Ease of Removal Effects of Heat
    Salts Soluble in water Easy to difficult Reacts with other types of
    soil and becomes harder
    to remove

    Soluble in acid
    Sugar Soluble in water Easy Caramelizes and becomes
    difficult to remove
    Fat Insoluble in water Difficult Molecules join together
    and become difficult to
    remove
    Soluble in water
    Protein Insoluble in water Very difficult Molecules change shape
    (denature) and become
    very difficult to remove
    Slightly soluble in
    acid
    Soluble in alkali
    How to clean?
    Type of Soil Cleaning Compound

    Inorganic soils Acid cleaner

    Organic soil

    Nonpetroleum Alkaline cleaner

    Petroleum Solvent cleaner


    Characteristics of surfaces in Food-Processing Plants
    Material Characteristics Precautions
    Wood Soaks up moisture, fats, and oils. Difficult to Do not use, because it is
    maintain. Softened by alkali. Destroyed by caustics unsanitary. Use stainless steel,
    polyethylene, or rubber instead
    Black Acid or chlorinated detergents may cause rust Often tinned or galvanized to
    metals prevent rust. Use neutral
    detergents to clean.
    Tin May be corroded by strong alkaline or acid cleaners. Do not allow tin surfaces to
    touch foods
    Concrete May be etched by acid foods and cleaning Concrete should be dense and
    compounds acid resistant. Should not make
    dust. Can use acid brick instead.
    Glass Smooth and impervious. May be etched by strong Clean glass with moderately
    alkaline cleaning compounds alkaline or neutral detergents
    Paint Method of application affects surface quality. Etched Some edible paints can be used
    by strong alkaline cleaning compounds. in food plants
    Rubber Should not be porous or spongy. Not affected by Rubber cutting boards can warp
    alkaline detergents. Attacked by organic solvents and their surface dulls knife
    and strong acids. blades.
    Stainless Generally resists corrosion. Smooth, impervious Stainless steel is expensive and
    steel surface. Resists oxidation at high temperatures. may not be readily available in
    Easy to clean. Nonmagnetic the future. Some stainless steel is
    attacked by halogens
    Cleaning-compound
    ◼ Chelating agent (sequestering agent or
    sequestrant)
    ◼ Emulsification
    ◼ Rinsibility
    ◼ Surfactant
    ◼ Suspension
    ◼ Water hardness
    ◼ Water softening
    ◼ Wetting (penetration)
    Type of cleaning compounds
    1 Alkaline cleaning compounds (pH 7-14)
    1.1 Strongly alkaline cleaners ex sodium hydroxide
    (caustic soda)
    1.2 Heavy-duty alkaline cleaners
    1.3 Mild alkaline cleaners เช่น sodium bicarbonate
    2 Acid cleaning compounds
    2.1Strongly acid cleaners
    2.2 Mildly acid cleaners
    3 Solvent cleaner
    4 Soaps and detergents (emulsion)
    -alkaline (caustics)
    -pH 8-9.5
    Chemical adding in leaning
    compounds
    1 Sequestrants or chelating agents,
    sequestering agents
    2 Surfactants
    3 Scouring compounds
    Hazard of Acid cleaners
    ◼ Sulfamic acid
    ◼ Acetic acid
    ◼ Citric acid
    ◼ Hydrochloric acid (muriatic acid)
    ◼ Sodium acid sulfate and sodium acid
    phosphate
    ◼ Phosphoric acid
    ◼ Hydrofluoric acid
    Protection
    Sanitizing Methods
    1 Heat
    2 Steam
    3 Hot water
    4 UV or high-energy cathode or gamma rays
    5 Chemical
    Factors
    - Exposure time
    - Temperature
    - Concentration
    - pH
    - Cleanliness
    - Water hardness and chelating agent
    - Bacterial attachment
    Chlorine sanitizers
    ◼ Chlorine ex liquid chlorine, hypochlorites,
    inorganic, organic chloramines, chlorine dioxide
    ◼ Hypochlorites ex calcium hypochlorite and
    sodium hypochlorite
    ◼ Chlorine dioxide
    Iodine compounds
    ◼ Iodine ex idophors, alcohol-iodine solutions,
    aqueous iodine solutions

    Bromine compounds
    Quaternary ammonium compounds
    Acid Sanitizers
    ◼ Organic acid ex acetic, peroxyacetic, lactic,
    propionic, formic acids
    ◼ pH (significant)
    ◼ Peroxyacetic acid
    Sanitizers (Others)
    ◼ Acid-Quat Sanitizers
    ◼ Ozone
    ◼ Glutaraldehyde
    Cleaning cost
    % of cost
    Labor 46.5
    Water and sewage 19.0
    Energy 8.0
    Cleaning compounds and 6.0
    sanitizers
    Corrosion damage 1.5
    Miscellaneous 19.0
    Equipments
    ◼ Mechanical abrasives (เครื่ องมือสำหรับขัด) เช่น steel,
    wool, copper chore balls
    ◼ Water Hoses
    ◼ Brushes (แปรง)
    ◼ Scrapers & squeegees (เครื่ องขูดและไม้กวำดยำง)
    ◼ High-pressure water pumps
    ◼ Steam guns

    ◼ High-pressure steam
    ◼ Hot-water wash

    ◼ Portable high-pressure, low-volume cleaning


    equipment
    ◼ Centralized high-pressure, low-volume
    systems

    ◼ Portable foam cleaning & Portable gel


    cleaning
    Cleaning in Place (CIP)
    Single-Use systems
    ◼ A spray ball
    Reuse systems

    http://www.l-h-s.co.uk/cip.htm
    Cleaning out of place (COP)

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