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47.polymorphism in Python Python

This document discusses polymorphism in Python. It defines polymorphism as an object or function taking on different forms. In Python, polymorphism occurs through method overriding, where a child class inherits and can modify a method from a parent class. Examples given are the len() function, which returns the length of both strings and lists, and the + operator, which adds integers, concatenates strings, and extends lists depending on the object types. The document emphasizes that polymorphism allows code to be more efficient and flexible by applying concepts like DRY.

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Subhojit Singha
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17 views

47.polymorphism in Python Python

This document discusses polymorphism in Python. It defines polymorphism as an object or function taking on different forms. In Python, polymorphism occurs through method overriding, where a child class inherits and can modify a method from a parent class. Examples given are the len() function, which returns the length of both strings and lists, and the + operator, which adds integers, concatenates strings, and extends lists depending on the object types. The document emphasizes that polymorphism allows code to be more efficient and flexible by applying concepts like DRY.

Uploaded by

Subhojit Singha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Polymorphism In Python | Python Tutorials For Absolute Beginners In Hindi

#64

In this course we are working on PyCharm IDE. There are


also many other options available like Spyder, Idle, Wing,
etc. but we will go with PyCharm for this series and you
will see its benefits in the upcoming tutorials. If you
haven't downloaded it yet then download it by clicking on
the Download PyCharm. This will take you to PyCharm
official site. For installation guidelines,
check Downloading Python and PyCharm
Installation tutorial.

I will recommend you installing the community version as


the other one will expire after a month trail and after that
you have to pay to use its features.

Moving forward let's just open our PyCharm and create a


new file.
As always, I am again going to repeat: not to name our file
similar to a module name. The reason for that, I have
discussed in Tutorial #45. You can give it a read or
watch the video for further clarification.

We are going to name our file oops11.py here.

Our today's tutorial is mostly based on theory, although


we will see its implementation in most of our next oop
based Tutorials. To have a firm grasp on the theoretical
concepts is very important. Polymorphism is more of a
technique rather than a skill which is based on just
syntax. Python is an object-oriented based programming
language. Previously we have studied some important
concepts of OOP, which
includes Inheritance and Abstraction & Encapsulation.
In this tutorial, we will learn about polymorphism and how
we can implement it in Python.

What Is Polymorphism?

In basic English language, Polymorphism means to exist in


different states. The same object or thing changing its
state from one form to another is known as polymorphic. A
same function or method, being used differently in
different scenarios can perfectly describe polymorphism.
It occurs mostly with base and derived class.
Understanding Polymorphism in Python

The concept of polymorphism has very strong ties with


method overriding concept that we will learn in the next
Tutorial i.e tutorial#65 of this course along with super()
function. In Python, it is mostly related to objects or the
values of variables that are assigned in different classes.
For example, if a method in the child class that has the
same name as the methods in the parent class and also
they take the same number of variables as parameters,
then the child class will inherit the methods from the
parent class and will override the method too. Meaning
that the compiler will execute the method in the child
because it will be the first place it looks while searching
for the method when called. By overriding a method, we
can also add some more functionalities in it, so in a way
modifying the method in the child class but letting it
remain the same in the parent class.

For example:
len("Python") # returns 6 as result
len([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]) # returns 9 as result

Python also implements polymorphism using methods.


The len() method returns the length of an object. In this
case, the function len() is polymorphic as it is taking a
string as input in the first case which returns total
length/characters of the string and in the second case, it
is taking list as input.

Polymorphism is a very important concept. Although


being a theoretical concept, it is of great importance as it
teaches us to use one entity, let it be a method or
variable, differently at different places. By applying the
concept of polymorphism, we can not only can save our
time but also can make our code more efficient and
compact by using the DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself)
concept, which is the basis of Oop.
We can apply the concept of polymorphism on the
methods, objects, functions and also while using
inheritance. Even though the syntax and rules differ, but
the concept remains the same.

Polymorphism in '+' operator:-

In the above video tutorial, we have used the '+' arithmetic


python operator two times in our programs. This is an
example of the implementation of polymorphism in Python.
We can use the same + operator whether we want to add
two integers, or concatenate two strings, or extend two
lists. The + arithmetic operator acts differently depending
on the type of objects it is operating upon.

Code as described/written in the video

print(5+6)
print("5" + "6")

# Abstraction
# Encapsulation
# Inheritance
# Polymorphism

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